网络管理员英文简历制作

网络管理员英文简历制作（共8篇）

网络管理员英文简历制作 篇1

Basic information

Real name: yjbys

Gender: man

Age: 23 years old: 173CM

Marital status: unmarried household registration: dafong county, guizhou province

Top education: junior college working experience: no experience

Contact address: guizhou vocational and technical college

Job objective

Recent jobs:

Expected work: guizhou/guiyang city

Job expectations: internships

Expected monthly salary: ~ 3000 yuan per month

Expected jobs: network administrators, sales representatives, university fresh graduates, passenger drivers, and other positions

Industry: Internet/e-commerce, wholesale/retail, hotel/travel, transportation/logistics

skills

Skills: honesty is good for work

Education experience

Guizhou vocational technical school (junior college)

Beginning of the month: September to July

School name: guizhou vocational technical school

Professional name: e-commerce

Diploma: junior college

Work history

No job experience.

Training experience

Syb - syb

Starting date: June to July 2015

Training organization: syb

Training: syb

 

网络管理员英文简历制作 篇2

Digital Intermediate is gradually replacing the traditional intermediate produced by the Laboratory not only because DI is more editorially flexible and faster than the traditional way, but also because it is better suited for the requirements of modern digital motion picture technology development.

DI work flow could be summarized as below: The processed camera negative is first transferred to NTSC or PAL for non-linear editing. Then the selected shots are scanned in high resolution and color corrected. Finally they are recorded back to film. The advantage of DI is that it can create multiple negatives which are used to produce the release prints directly. In this way, the potential quality degrading issues could be completely avoided and the digital mastering be preserved safely.

DI provides a more flexible way for editing, allowing the best digital mastering be selected to generate different format of digital distribution channel (HDTV, SDTV, DTV, DVD and film). Many video masters are produced by transferring an inter-positive with a telecine.

2 Scanning

The first step of digital post production process is to scan the camera negative into digital format.

2.1 Quality of Scanning

When scanning image using DPX, a scanner sees the transmittance of the negative and converts the transmittance to a photographic metric. The conversion is stable with higher resolution. As it takes time for a digital image sensor to capture the negative densities, the image quality could be degraded and noise be increased if the conversion speed is too fast. Generally, 4 frames/second is an acceptable scan speed. In addition, it is a good way to prevent image aliasing by keeping a higher spatial resolution of scanner than output format.

Scanning resolution is the key issue when it comes to scanner performance. HDTV is normally sampled with 1920 pixels per line and more often is scanned with 2048 pixels per line currently. For VFX, it scans at 4K resolution (4096 pixels per line). The traditional way to make prints requires IP/IN processes, each reducing the image spatial resolution. DI cuts some inter-processes and therefore, the image looks more real.

Quantization means to translate the continuous range of densities in a negative into discrete digital numbers by a scanner. The bit depth or number of bits per channel determines how many levels can be encoded. In normal condition, 100+ levels can produce a perfectly smooth tonal scale.

The image dynamic range is the range a scanner needs to capture to determine the entire density of the negative. The dynamic range is another important area to ensure the high scanning quality. The change could be made within the dynamic range to meet the creative requirements although some information may not be shown in the final image.

To correctly scanning a negative, a key condition is to calibrate the scanner. The intensity of the light source in the scanner has to be adjusted based on the density of the clear base of the film. Otherwise, some information in the shadows (if the intensity is too high) or in the highlights (if the intensity is too low) could be lost during the scan.

2.2 Format of Scanning

The commonly used file format for film scanning is Cineon developed by Kodak or DPX developed by SMPTE. The format uses 10 bits per channel, which equals 1024 levels, and linearly encodes the densities of the negative above base. The density of DI is about 0.2 lg D heavier than the original negative. When recording the Cineon image on DI film, the densities are shifted by 0.19 lg D.

The formula to convert between negative density and Cineon/DPX code values is:

Density above base=DPX code value/500-0.19

And the relation between exposure and Cineon/DPX code values is:

DPX code value=95+500×density above base

2.3 Transmittance and Density

Most film scanners use a CCD (charge coupled device) or a CMOS (complementary metal oxide semiconductor) element as image sensor, which both convert light into electric charge and process it into electronic signals. The response of both sensors is related to the transmittance of the film. The transmittance could be converted to density but the conversion function is very steep at high opacity/density values, which means that more code values or more bits are needed in the sensor output than in the final file format and the film transmittance must be sampled with a higher quantization than the density.

It has to be pointed out that what a scanner sees is neither film densities nor scene luminance. It actually sees film transmittance which has to be converted to a photographic meaningful metric. Because of this conversion the internal bit depth needs to be higher than the output bit depth. A scanner should scan with a higher spatial resolution than the output format to avoid aliasing.

3 Color Processing

3.1 Color Gamut

The color gamut is the set of colors that can be represented in a media . A different media (digital display, a print film, etc.) has its own color gamut. So, for example, some colors seen in a printed film may not be reproduced on a CRT.

Almost all color systems has three attributes, that is, any color my be described as:

(1)an additive mixture of some amounts of RGB light; or

(2)a subtractive mixture of cyan, magenta, and yellow dyes in certain densities; or

(3)a mixture of lightness, hue, and saturation.

Since there are always three dimensions, it is often called color space.

The Comission Internationale De L'Eclairage (CIE) has established a family of color spaces, which are used to specify colors independently from the medium in which they are generated. CIEXYZ space is one of those color spaces. The function of CIEXY could be described from the example below: Imagine a specific hue of green appears on a motion picture print film, a computer monitor, and a paper print. The numbers describing the CMY dye densities or the RGB values of that color will be different for each sample. If all three samples look identical to a human observer they will have the same XYZ values assigned to them. So the CIE color spaces are very useful to compare the gamut of different media. A common way to do this is to plot the xy-coordinates of the primary colors in a so called chromaticity diagram. It has to be mentioned that there are always three attributes needed to describe colors. The problem with chromaticity diagrams is that they show only two thirds of the picture. The chromaticity diagram ignores the lightness and can therefore lead to wrong conclusions.

3.2 Color Encoding

There are two methods of image encoding in the DI process. The first one is to scan the original camera negative (OCN) into DPX files. The DPX file is then loaded into a color correction application which transforms the image data and displays the image on a CRT or DLP. After the necessary color correction, the result is saved in DPX files again for recording to film.

Another way is to transfer the film to digital realm with an HD telecine or, alternatively, convert DPX files to video images. That does not necessarily mean the images are stored on a video device like a disk recorder or a VTR but just means that the images are displayed directly on a monitor or a DLP.

The image data represent colors in the gamut of the display rather than the gamut of film. The colorist then works on the telecine to create a good reproduction. The final color correction is either done during the transfer or a so called best-light transfer is used for further sessions. Finally, the color corrected images have to be transformed into negative densities for recording on film.

3.3 Color Correction

Even the grayscale characteristic of the image is identical to the characteristic of the image technically processed by DI, the image color may become aliasing. For example, the color of the grass in some images is too saturated that the object looks like made from plastic because of its green color.

The color correction in log encoded images in DI flow could be easily simulated to the same film laboratory's process. For example, when the printer lights are incremented by 2 points, the exposure of the print film is increased by 0.05 lg E and the print density is increased too. The same result would happen if the density of negative is decreased by 0.05 lg D. So we can simply subtract the equivalent number of code values (500×0.05 = 25) from a DPX file to achieve the same effect. We can also correct the printer in the same way to change the color balance of an image. If the red printer light is incremented by 2 points, it will increase the red-absorbing-that is cyan dye density in the print; the result would be less red or more cyan. Subtracting 25 code values from the red channel of the DPX image will result in the color balance in a very similar way. Because the primary colors of the optical printer are not perfectly selective, large alterations of the printer lights are not so easily represented as digital values. Changing the red printer lights by a large amount will also affect the green-sensitive, magenta-dye-forming layer.

Color correction in the DI process is much stronger than the traditional printer light in film laboratory. In DI, the gradation curves can be bended, hues and saturation can be changed in any way to lighten or darken parts of the image. The possibilities are almost endless. The possible best way is to start with the simple RGB offsets to align lightness and color balance of the shots. This gives the similar results as the colorist would see on a standard print. Another advantage of the primary RGB correction is that it is easily reproducible in any software. Once the basic look of each shot is defined, the RGB offsets can be directly added or subtracted from an image by VFX software packages.

4 Film Recording

The last step in the digital post production is to bring digital images back to negative film by a film recorder, which is used to produce the release prints.

4.1 CRT Film Recorder

A CRT film recorder consists of a cathode ray tube , a color wheel with RGB filters and a camera. An image from the computer is sent to the monochrome CRT, which is photographed once through each of the color filters resulting in a full color image on film.

The CRT internal environment is not bright enough to expose low speed intermediate film, so the CRT film recorder mainly uses the camera negative film for the recording. If the recorded file originates from film, it has already contained grain from the camera negative. The recording will add additional grain when the images are transferred to camera negative again. Also, it is not possible to produce the maximum density encoded in a DPX file, which is 2.046 lg D.

4.2 Laser Film Recorder

The laser can output more energy than a CRT so a laser recorder enables recording on intermediate film in the same speed a CRT recorder can expose the image on camera negative.

Cineon/DPX format is the most common image format in DI. The DPX file is a linear encoding of negative densities. The laser recorder transfers the DPX code values linearly into densities so scanning from film and recording back to film should not alter the tonal characteristic of a scene.

DI output must have the same density range as the negatives made traditionally. It is common practice to use the density produced by the code value 445 as the LAD in the recorded negative. The color correction software in laser recorder is an important part in the system, which ensures that DPX code value can be used to represent grayscale and color value and produce the expected density on the film.

ARRILASER is the first film recorder which uses solid state laser and has become the industry standard. The ARRILASER demonstrates a high level of engineering resulting in a compact, user-friendly, low-maintenance device which maintains outstanding speed, exposure ratings and image quality.

The ARRILASER has the following important features.

(1)Supports 1920 (HDTV), 2048, and 4096 pixels per line.

(2)Records on intermediate film in 1.7 seconds per frame (with 2K).

(3)Reproduction of the full dynamic range of DPX files (2.046 lg D).

(4)Low-maintenance solid state lasers.

(5)Can record up to 600M image.

5 Conclusion

The application of Digital Intermediate (DI) changes the traditional production method in motion picture industry. DI combines the advantages of film technology and digital technology, achieves having editing, scanning, digital effects, compositing, and film recording working together and brings about the revolutionary changes in film production. With the further development of digital technology and gradually improvement in marketing, DI will have larger and larger percentage in film production and take the film production technology into a newer level.

摘要：目前数字中间片(DI)已逐渐取代电影洗印厂制作的传统中间片。在制作DI时,图像扫描成DPX文件格式。扫描仪感应的是底片的透光率,扫描所需的空间分辨率高于输出格式的空间分辨率以避免图像失真。DI有2种不同的图像编码方法;一种是用DPX文件,它表示的是底片密度,预览画面需要显示LUT;另一种方法是直接显示图像数据,在记录到胶片上之前,图像数据需要转换成密度值。记录到胶片上时,记录仪应降低M状态的红色格码值数据。如果将印片密度正确转换,则由数字中间底片印制的正片将与原底片印制的正片是相同的。本文较详细地叙述了DI的制作。

关键词：数字中间片,胶片扫描仪,胶片记录仪,色彩处理,密度

参考文献

[1]Kennel, Glenn. Digital Film Scanning and Recording [J]. SMPTE Journal, 1994 ,103 (3): 174.

[2]Steurer,Johannes.Digital Restoration of Fil m-Tasks,Methods Results[C].The 1996 European SMPTEConference on i maging Media,Conference Record,Pa-per Session,Sept.1996,19-21,Cologne,German Sec-tion of the SMPTE.

[3]The Quantel Guide to Digital Intermediate and Discreet'sWhiteoaoer on Digital Intermediate[EB/OL].ht-tp://www.Quantel.com.

高效英文简历模板 篇3

一份出色的Resume，是向外企求职的关键之一。不了解有关的常识和程式，不花费相当的心思来展示，光有纯正娴熟的英文功底，并不能获得用人单位的青睐。在一大堆错误百出、英文表达低劣或平庸、毫无针对性和创造性的Resume中，你的那份若能让人眼睛一亮，成功的机会必将大大增加，下面结合一个具体的例子给出说明和评述。

Balance Sheet基本方法

选择要应聘的工作后，必须看清招聘广告上所列出的每项要求，再将自己的学历、能力与兴趣逐一与之比较，作一张balance sheet。

例如，一则关于marketing management trainee和job requirement是这样写的：

We are looking for a competent person to fill the captioned position：

－University graduate major in Marketing Management. Prepared to develop career in the commercial field

－Outgoing personality

－Able to communicate at different levels

－Good knowledge of PC operations

－Proficiency in written and spoken English/Mandarin

那么你相应地考虑自己的qualification的选择和表述，就可以这样写（与上列各项对应）：

－University graduate with major in Marketing

－Having actively participated in Business clubs activities and learned accounting and management

－Good in communication with people and like a lot of out door activities, know how to tackle with people from all walks of life

－Skillful in operating Words, Excel, Lotus1-2-3, etc

－Fluent in English and Mandarin

这个方法的好处是可以让求职者清楚了解该职位是否适合自己，而本身资料又是否切合要求，而且，明白了各项要求后，就可依据每一点在履历表上重点提出自己在该方面的强项。突出卖点(selling point)，将之放在最吸引人的地方，使招聘者一眼可见，有利于present自己。

Work experience工作经验的陈述

工作经验是resume中令招聘者相当感兴趣的一项内容，措词得当是不可忽视的要务。

刚毕业，何来工作经验？其实，读书时的兼职、实习、实践，以至所曾参加的一些课外活动，如：协助出版校刊、举办活动、展览、宣传……都可算是工作经验。不过，表达起来要有针对性地展开，列出那些与所找工作有关的项目重点介绍，必要时更可使用summary的方式，以让招聘者深入地了解。

下面的写法显得相当简陋呆板：

2006/7-2006/8 General Clerk, IBM

2007/7-2007/8 Account clerks, Manley Toy Trading

2008/6-2008/8 Salesgirl, Esprit.

倘能换一种表述如：

Three years of job experience in different positions have offered me opportunity: As a General Clerk (IBM),Accounts clerk (Manley Toy Trading), I have learned how to prepare purchasing orders,place orders, handle accounting matter, check voucher,… also (Salesgirl, Esprit) developing the technique of selling, serving and stocking.

就能更好地突出个人工作经验，吸引招聘者的注意力！

Job objective 事业目标

通常，一般求职者只会在履历表开端简单地写上所应征的职位－Position Applied: Management Trainee或I am applying for... 其实，若懂得利用这小小空间写出自己的事业目标（job objective），更能显示出你对该工作的热爱及憧憬，能令招聘者对你加倍留意。

比如这个不错的例子：

Job objective：

To begin as a Marketing Management Trainee, with opportunity to advance to executive level and contribute to the development of firm.

网络运维英文简历 篇4

TECHNICAL QUALIFICATIONS

Experienced Webmaster & Developer munication, organizational and project management skills.

TECHNOLOGY EXPERIENCE

Assistant Webmaster

6/20xx to Present

TransGlobe Communications

Los Angeles, CA

In concert concept through full-scale global implementation and all subsequent munications Webcast (viemunication issues (e.g., member communications, crisis communications, industry information, national union affairs).

Volunteer Communication Coordinator

9/20xx - 6/20xx

Tech Counsel of LA

Los Angeles, CA

Managed online nemunication issues impacting local members.

OTHER EMPLOYMENT EXPERIENCE

Computer Department Associate

Best Buy

1/20xx - 9/20xx

Volunteer Firefighter

LA Station 533

20xx - Present

Hostess

Disney Land

Summer, 20xx

EDUCATION

Website/Webmaster Training

TechCenter, Inc.

Los Angeles, CA

5/20xx

Courseotion

A.A.S. Degree in Communications

Orange Community College

Orange, CA

9/20xx

网络工程英文简历自我介绍 篇5

网络工程英文简历自我介绍

Changsha Institute of Technology I am a com munity college graduates in 200X. Like a foreign language learning from an early age, personality, cheerful and lively, easy to com municate. At school as a student during the Organization Department, responsible for various activities of the planning and deployment. Have lobbied for business sponsorship For a certain interpersonal experience.

I am a serious and responsible work, better able to com plete all kinds of tasks, open thinking, and also have a certain degree of innovation. I love all kinds of ball games, com petitions in schools is also a slight contribution . have played some online games, on behalf of the game is World of Warcraft, there are certain advantages and disadvantages of the game experience. aware of the importance of team work, whether doing. I would like to be able to join IT industry with a view to better learn their professional knowledge, proficiency in professional skills. To the com petitive society of the place.

网络管理员英文简历制作 篇6

City, State, 12345

(555)-555-5555

john@email.com

To find a computer networking position that will allow me to help a progressive organization meet and exceed Certification

Technical Skills

Education

Future

Certification

Goals

Employment

History

英文网络新词构词研究 篇7

英语作为世界通用语言之一,它的变化和发展与社会的发展是同步的。网络的传播对社会生活的各个方面都有巨大冲击和影响,使一系列的新事物、新思想不断衍生。词汇作为语言的三大要素之一,对社会的变化也是最敏感、最积极的,能对社会生活和社会思想的变化迅速、准确地做出反应。网络创造了自己的语言,缔造了特有的语体,使语言富有了独特的魅力,让人类的交流充满了时代特色。网络英语新词已经毫无争议地成为一种语言现象。

1 网络英语新词出现的背景和原因

网络语言有广义和狭义之分。[1]和网络时代网络技术有关的一切语言都称为广义的网络语言。就用途而言,大概分三种类型:一类是与网络相关的专业术语,比如网关、服务器、万维网、在线购物;二类是与网络相关的特别用语,如菜鸟、大虾,这类通常是伴随着网络的发展产生的新词语;三类是用于网络沟通交流而约定俗成的用语,比如555,nn=nite=晚安。本文所讨论的网络英语词汇指的是一切与网络有关的英语词汇表达方式,诸如网络地址、网络软件、网络硬件、网络文章、电子邮件、在线购物中所使用的网络英文词汇,即广义的网路语言。狭义的网络语言即是广义中的第三类。

因特网出现在20世纪80年代,至今为止大约30多年,其发展的迅猛之势让人叹为观止,对人类生活的影响是历史上任何发明都无法比拟的[2]。而英语作为世界性语言,其使用范围和影响力同样不可小觑。语言作为社会的产物和文化的载体,是对社会发展的折射。因特网和英语的发展都与人类社会的发展息息相关,二者的“强强联合”也势在必行,网络英语在网络交际中产生,伴随的元素之一就是英文网络词汇。

2 网络英语新词的构词特点

网络英文新词除了具有一般英语语言未具备的特点:构词方式新颖独特、意义生动、贴近生活、简洁扼要、幽默诙谐。在网络交流中网络英文新词易于被使用者所接受,更加有效地表达自己的观点思想。

2.1 语义形象生动

网络英文词汇的构成是基于使用者所熟悉的词汇框架,借助词汇的比喻意义,激活使用者的联想力与想象力,创造出形象生动且语义丰富的描写新事物新观念的英文词汇。如:bug一词,在1945年,美国海军办公室的计算机的继电器发现了一只被继电器打死的飞蛾,是这只飞蛾造成了设备短路,并使计算机发生故障,随后,本义为昆虫的BUG一词正式流行且被广泛地使用至今天,指计算机或者智能手机崩溃[3]。

2.2 语义简洁明确

人们通过互联网进行交流就是看中了互联网的便捷与高效,这与传统媒介有所区别。这种交流方式不仅需要语言使用者能够准确、迅速地传递信息,还需要使用者能够定位最有效的信息。因此,为了进行高效的交流,语言使用者会充分利用传统的构词方式。很多英文网络词汇就是按照构词法的规则进行构造的,这类词汇言简意赅、易于记忆。即使是使用者以前没有接触过的词汇,大部分也可根据已有的认知框架推测出来。

2.3 语言普及范围广

正是因为网络新词形象生动简捷明了,使用者便于接受和使用,因而流传也更广。这些英文网络新词不仅仅在因特网上传播,更是融入了使用者的日常生活。比如:e-life,internaut(网上漫游者),educationnet(教育网)oic(Oh,I see,好的,我知道了)。

在信息时代的今天,人们的交流更倾向于信息交换的高效性。因此,对于一些网络新词,只要交流双方能够彼此清晰地表达出意图和含义,一些语法规则是可以忽略不计的。这些新词汇能够激发使用者的联想和想象,寓意丰富,传播速度快。

3 网络英语新词的构词形式

3.1 传统构词法

3.1.1 合成法

合成法指的是由两个或两个以上的独立的词汇合起来构成的新词。一般而言,英文网络词汇是将两个独立的词汇合并组合成新词,但语义却不是简单的叠加,语音也有很大的变化。例如:after与clap组合在一起,表示一个人在大家都停止鼓掌的时候才恍然鼓掌的尴尬情况;online shopping在线购物,web page网页。

3.1.2 派生法

派生法指的是在普通的英语单词前或后附加词缀(前缀或后缀)组合成新词的方式。由派生法构成的英文网络新词存在性、繁殖性强、词义广泛、结合方式灵活。

如前缀cyber-表示“计算机的、网络的”,构成的新词cyberscafe(网吧),cyberfood(电脑食品),cyberculture(电脑化文明),cyber-pals(在线角色扮演游戏);re-表示再一次,构成的新词reboot(重启),refresh(更新);-dict表示沉迷于某事物,padict表示无节制的花费大量的时间在平板电脑上的情况。

3.1.3 缩略法

缩略法是指网络英语中为达到便利的目的而产生的一种构词方式。通常是取词组中每个单词的第一个字母构成一个新词。它是网络英语的一种重要的构词手段。简化用词是语言发展的一个总体趋势。此种构词法比较随意,规律性不强,但难度系数低,易于理解和接受。例如:f2f(face to face,面对面),4G中的G是英文generation,意为第四代数字移动通信,pk是player killing,指的是网络游戏中的玩家之间进行的较量,以游戏中一方生命的终结为直接目的所进行的对抗,现在则广泛用于各类竞技比赛中,指的是两名实力相当的选手进行比拼,以一名选手胜出,另一名淘汰为结局;2B or not 2B(to be or not to be)。[4]

3.1.4 首字母拼音法

首字母拼音法,顾名思义,即将某个词组中的首字母摘出组合成一个新词。如果这个缩写中的元音和辅音符合拼读原则,那么这个缩写就可以以单词的形式拼读,否则以一串字母形式拼读。例如:BRB(be right back,马上回来)。

3.1.5 拼缀法

拼缀的含义就是分别将两个单词的局部提取出重新组合成一个新的单词。例如:Netiquette是net与etiquette的重新组合,意为网络礼仪;askhole是由ask和asshole合成的,意思是不停问各种愚蠢问题的蠢蛋;internest由internet和net构成,表示一天到晚裹着毯子在床上上网的状态。

3.2 非传统构词法

3.2.1 旧词新意

网络英文词汇并不是以全新的形象示人,部分词汇是“旧瓶装新酒”,由已经存在的词汇获得新的意义的形式而产生的。在这个过程中,词汇的意义一般都会发生变化:有的是词义缩小,有的是词义扩大,有的是词义抽象化。例如:在英语中,net指的是“球网、网罩”等,在网络英文词汇中,其特指“因特网”,netizen(网民),netpas(云墙);menu本义为餐馆的菜单,其新的含义指电脑或手机中的操作菜单;eyeball本义为眼球,而在网络上,其新的含义为网站的浏览量,即点击率;virus本义为病毒,其新的含义为电脑病毒。

3.2.2 短语数字化

短语数字化意思为在语言的使用过程中,利用数字的谐音、词形所蕴含的文化含义替代原英语词汇中的某个单词或音节。例如:1775表示的是我要造反,因为在美国的历史上,1775年美国是独立战争爆发的时间;13579意思是此事真奇怪,因为在英语中,奇数和奇怪都是由“Odd”来表示的,而13579都是奇数。

3.2.3 外来词汇本土化

语言是活跃的、动态的,英语也是如此:在其自身的发展中,不断吸收世界各国的语言要素。例如:giveable(给力),tuhao(土豪)已经被编入知名的在线英语俚语字典—城市字典。

3.2.4 语言符号化

随着互联网的不断发展,一些具有英语特征的象形词语和符号也应运而生。网络语言借用计算机键盘中的符号来传达意图。例如::)表示的是一张笑脸,SOS表示求助。用符号来代表语言,简洁明了,趣味性强。但使用者的接受群体有一定的限制性,以低年龄层使用者为主[5]。

4 结语

互联网和网络技术的发展,使得作为英语语言的新语体的网络语言———网络英语应运而生,融入人们的日常生活。网络英语是处于一个不断进化、动态的过程中的,这使得互联网上不断出现网络英文新词。网络英文新词往往构思巧妙、妙趣横生,为英语注入新的活力和生机。

英语词汇能力的培养是一个逐渐积累的过程,对网络英文新词进行分析,可以促进英语语言学习者更好地利用和吸收丰富的网络资源,把握新生的语言现象,促进语言使用者的语言能力,从而能够进行更加有效的交流与沟通。了解和掌握这些网络英文新词的构词方式,可以帮助我们更加透彻的了解新词语的含义,并较全面的理解英语词语中的社会文化内涵。

参考文献

[1]林承璋.英语词汇学引论[M].武汉大学出版社,2005.

[2]汪榕培.英语新词的来源及展望[J].外语与外语教学,2000(9).

[3]黎昌抱.英汉外来词比较研究[J].外语教学,2001(5).

[4]刘薇珈.网络语言———种特殊的语言现象[J].武汉大学学报,2007.

网络管理员英文简历制作 篇8

摘 要：随着全球化的日益推进，以及2014年南京青奥会的临近，南京旅游网络外宣的重要性日益凸显。然而，南京网络外宣仍然存在内容贫乏，形式单一等问题。尝试从南京的非物质文化遗产的英文网络外宣着手，分析其现状以及存在的问题，提出能够改善南京旅游英文网络外宣的建议：政府部门要加大支持力度；英文旅游网站建设要注重内容的全面性；旅游网络外宣要不断丰富宣传形式和手段。

关键词：英文网络外宣；非物质文化遗产；建议

中图分类号：G206.3 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1002-2589（2013）32-0201-02

外宣是指“借助现代化传播媒介或者其他宣传手段， 从党和国家的根本利益和长远利益出发，客观、真实地向远距离的或来华的外国人和华侨、外籍华人、港澳台同胞介绍旨在反映社会主义新中国的对外政策、经济文化、建设成就， 争取世界人民的了解、信任和支持， 改变他们对我国的思维定势，在海外树立起我国良好的国际形象。”[1]当今世界，互联网是信息传播最有效的手段，网络外宣作为外宣的一种非常重要的形式，借助于互联网能够迅速传播信息文化。

随着2014年南京青奥会的临近，南京将迎来全世界各地的游客。旅游网页作为外国人了解南京非物质文化遗产的首选，其重要性不言而喻。体育赛事作为一种国际性的活动，对主办城市具有广泛的社会、文化、经济效益[2]。借助于英文网络外宣的平台，不仅能够促进南京旅游的大力发展，拉动经济增长，也能加深国外游客对南京城市形象的认知度，扩大南京城市形象的国际影响力。

一、南京非物质文化遗产英文网络外宣现状

（一）南京市现有非物质文化遗产项目

第一批南京非物质文化遗产代表作共87项，① 第二批南京非物质文化遗产代表作共27项， 第二批市级非物质文化遗产扩展项目代表作共7项。②其中，国家级非物质文化遗产共12项—— 南京云锦木机妆花手工织造技艺、南京金箔锻制技艺、金陵刻经印刷技艺、金银细工制作技艺、秦淮灯会、竹马（高淳东坝大马灯）、南京白局、锡剧、古琴艺术（金陵琴派） 、南京剪纸（金陵剪纸） 、龙舞（溧水县洛山大龙） 、扬剧。在这12个国家级的非物质文化遗产项目中南京云锦木机妆花手工织造技艺、金陵刻金印刷技艺、古琴艺术、南京剪纸被列入联合国非物质文化遗产保护名录。

（二）英文网络外宣现状

官方网站具有权威性，制定力；官方信息也是最具权威，正确的信息。因此课题小组经过对众多有关南京非物质文化遗产英文外宣的网站进行仔细甄别与筛选后，最终决定以中国南京网—南京市政府官方网站，南京旅游网—南京市旅游委员会官方网站以及第二届夏季青青年奥林匹克运动会官方网为例来浅析南京市非物质文化遗产英文网络外宣的现状。

1.对中国南京网的分析

中国南京网关于非物质文化遗产的中文介绍比较全面，囊括了“名人荟萃”、“书画刻碑”、“民风民俗”、“说唱艺术”等项目，项目之下又有对具体非物质文化遗产项目的详细介绍，而相对应的英文翻译却没有。该网站的英文版也没有专门开辟对非物质文化遗产的英文外宣介绍板块。

2.对南京旅游网的分析

用英文介绍的非物质文化遗产仅仅有：南京白局、秦淮灯会、金陵刻经印刷技艺和南京云锦木机妆花手工织造技艺。其余的非物质文化遗产未做介绍。但在对上述4项非物质文化遗产进行英文网络外宣时采取了图文结合的形式，图文并茂，有利于国外受众的接受与理解，能够较好地激发国外受众的兴趣与激情。

3.对青奥官网的分析

该网站更加侧重于对青奥会的宣传与介绍，没有对南京的非物质文化遗产进行过多的英文网络外宣，只有一张关于“金陵刻经印刷技艺”的滚动图片，除此没有其他关于非物质文化遗产的英文外宣。

二、南京旅游网络外宣存在的问题

根据上述网站对南京非物质文化遗产英文网络外宣的情况分析，可以发现，尽管南京政府在很多方面已经作了努力，但是南京的旅游英文网络外宣仍然存在很多问题，非物质文化遗产的网络外宣问题尤为突出，亟须解决。

（一）对非物质文化遗产英文外宣不够重视

上述网站对旅游景点英文外宣的工作做得很到位，每个旅游景点不仅有详细的英文介绍，有很多图片以及视频解说，还有地图及路线供参考，但是对非物质文化遗产的介绍与宣传却少之又少。 大多数网站仅仅介绍了几个世界级的非物质文化遗产，省级的非物质文化遗产却没有介绍，且对世界级非物质文化遗产的英文介绍也不是面面俱到，详尽完备。因此得出结论—南京政府对非物质文化遗产英文网络外宣的重视程度不够。

（二）非物质文化遗产的外宣内容不够全面

例如对非物质文化遗产——秦淮灯会的英文介绍里面有这样一段话：①“Traditionally the lanterns were constructed of thin strips of bamboo to form a skeleton shape for the delicate paper to be stretched over. As an inheritor of the Nanjing Confucius Temple Qinhuai Lantern， Gu Yeliang states little has changed over the hundreds of years that lantern has been made in the area.”第二句话中出现了人名“Gu Yeliang”， 且该人名在整篇的英文介绍中多次出现，却没有具体介绍其具体身份。 虽然这种处理文字的方法体现了“信息的简洁性”，但会导致外国受众对信息的理解不够全面。即使是中国读者在看到“Gu Yeliang”（顾业亮）这个人名时也未必知道其具体身份。因此，可以看出非物质文化遗产的英文网络外宣内容并不全面。此外，关于秦淮灯会的介绍中有且只有一段介绍“灯彩”的视频，但是却没有关于“秦淮灯会”（比如灯会现场盛况）的宣传视频，因此不能让外国友人更全面地了解秦淮灯会。

（三）网络外宣的形式手段不够丰富

上述网站在对非物质文化遗产的外宣形式上基本上都是采用网页页面文字加图片的形式。然而利用视频进行宣传的例子并不多。而且随着科学技术的日新月异，涌现出微博，SNS社交网站等多种形式的新媒介，这些新媒介的追随者众多。从媒介特性上来看，“微博”比传统的网络工具更加具有即时性、精悍短小、“病毒式传播”、亲和力强的优势。但是南京旅游委员会对“官方微博”的应用就显得有些滞后，仅仅开通了中文版的腾讯微博，却没有考虑到风靡国外的“Fancebook”、“Twitter”等外媒微博平台。这可以看出，南京旅游英文网络外宣的形式手段过于单一化。

三、关于改善南京旅游网络外宣的对策

（一）政府部门要加大支持力度

当前，南京政府相关部门没有对南京旅游英文网络外宣引起高度重视，特别是对非物质文化遗产的英文网络外宣缺乏足够的重视。随着青奥会的临近，南京旅游英文网络外宣不仅仅关系到南京旅游业的发展，甚至还会影响到南京的城市形象，南京政府对旅游英文网络外宣必须予以高度重视。首先，政府要组织成立一个独立的外宣机构，招募社会既懂外宣又懂网络的复合型人才，做好网络外宣翻译的基础工作；再者，政府要从南京的实际出发，制定出合理有效的英文网络外宣长期规划；此外，也应该考虑整改和相关奖罚措施，合理分配资金、技术等资源，开展相关立项工作[3] 。只有政府的高度重视和支持，南京旅游英文网络外宣的质量和效果才会真正提高。

（二）英文旅游网站建设要注重内容的全面性，采用超链接技术适当添加背景介绍或注释解释

很多出现在英文旅游网站上的中国历史名人对普通中文读者尚有不熟悉之处，对不懂中文的一般海外受众可能是闻所未闻[4]。缺少相关的注释介绍很可能会导致国外游客在浏览英文旅游网站时因无法理解而失去兴趣，严重者可能会对南京非物质文化遗产理解错误，产生误会。因此，必要的背景介绍或者注释解释是必不可少的。当然，为了避免因为篇幅过长而削弱外国游客的兴趣，可以采用超链接技术，为有需要的游客提供必要的文化背景介绍或者注释解释，从而促进他们对相关的南京非物质文化遗产的理解。

（三）旅游网络外宣要不断丰富宣传形式和手段

只有单一文字或者图片的旅游网站很难引起游客的兴趣。而当前南京有些关于非物质文化遗产外宣的网站就只有文字介绍，这很不利于南京非物质文化遗产英文网络外宣。要解决这一问题，我们必须从网站设计出发。借鉴联合国教科文组织关于文化遗产的英文网站，全面的网站宣传形式需要搭配内容的文字介绍、地图、图片、视频、公文等。此外，我们也不能仅仅局限于网页的外宣，要随着社会的发展进步，不断丰富英文网络外宣的手段。比如国外一些年轻群体，facebook、twitter、youtube等等才是他们经常使用的，而关于南京旅游的宣传在这些社交媒介上很难看到，因此充分利用这些国外常用社交平台宣传南京非物质文化遗产，无疑更能促进南京旅游的发展；此外，虽然在当下很流行的微博上出现了南京旅游委员会的中文官方微博，但是对应的英文版微博也是必不可少的。

四、结语

在青奥会的重要契机下，做好南京旅游英文网络外宣意义重大。旅游英文网络外宣不仅能够促进南京旅游业的发展，更能促进国际间的文化交流，提升南京国际形象。尽管仍然存在不完善之处，但是只要政府加强重视，不断完善旅游英文网络外宣的形式手段，相信南京旅游英文网络外宣会越做越好。

参考文献：

[1]王继慧.当前外宣翻译存在的问题[J].郑州航空工业管理学院学报，2010，29（2）：112.

[2]吴国生，王红.2010年新加坡青奥会价值意义解析与青奥会展望[J].运动，2011，（21）：31.

[3]陶礼春.浅析南京旅游网页外宣的现状与对策[J].牡丹江大学学报，2012，21（10）：119.

[4]林婷婷.互联网对泉州旅游外宣翻译的功能完善[J].华侨大学学报，2011，（3）：129.