高三英语段考试题(共8篇)
高三英语段考试题 篇1
高三就业班英语段考试题
姓名_________得分__________
Ⅰ.Choose the best answer.(20)
()1._____weekends I like to get my mind off my work by reading interesting novels.A.At
B.In
C.On
D.About
()2.You can borrow two books from the library _____condition that you return
them within a month.A.of
B.on
C.inD.for()3.Do you enjoy____?
A.to go fishing B.go fishing C.going fish D.going fishing()4.Mary used to ____butterflies.A.collect
B.collecting
C.collection D.collected
()5.The old man has got a _____daughter.A.twenty-years-old B.twenty-year-oldC.twentyyearold D.twentyyearsold()6.I shall stay at home____my mother comes to see me.A.in this case B.in case C.in no case D.in any case()7.My brother is busy____for the exam.A.prepares
B.prepared
C.preparing D.to prepare()8.The guests planned to visit the Great Wall ____the weather didn’t get worse.A.on condition that B.unlessC.no matter howD.until()9.Time____, I could have done it better.A.permit B.permittedC.to permit D.permitting()10.I think the film is worth____twice.A.seeing
B.see
C.to see
D.saw Ⅱ.Fill in the blanks with the given words, changing the forms where necessary.(30)1.May I have your_____________________now, sir?
2.The Beijing duck is carefully _______________________in the kitchen.3.Would you like to _______________________my special recipe? 4.The lazy boy has no_______________but study hard.5.People who are on a _______________________shouldn’t have chocolate.6.Why is food a big______________________in the world today?
7.Peple in China and Germany have different_________________for their soup.8.The majority of the foreign restaurants in London are_______________by foreigners.9.I really ________________the dinner of Western food with forks and knives tonight.10.Why is man no longer dependent on foods he________________in his own.Area? Ⅲ.Translate the folloing sentences into Chinese or English.(10)
1.I have several habbies, but collecting coins is the one I like best.2.Help yourself to anything you like.3.Battoms up!
4.有眼无珠
5.一清二楚的Ⅳ.Match the hobbies and activities given below.(20)
Playing the piano Riding KnittingFishing
Indoor Activities
Keeping/raising pets Mountaineering Gardening
Camping
Painting/drawing
Sailing
Collecting coins
CookingOutdoor Activites
Ⅴ.Write a letter of introduction using the information given below.(20)
假设你是职业学校的李林,给你父亲的朋友Professor Johnson写一封介绍信,内容如下:
陈政是你的朋友,他想毕业之后前往Professor Johnson所在的大学就读,并请求就入学考试(the entrance examinnation)事宜给他必要的帮助。
写信人地址:法国巴黎,William Street 27号
写信日期:2006年12月28日
高三英语段考试题 篇2
普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 (以下简称NMET) 是国家在全国范围内选拔优秀毕业生进入大学深造的考试, 它考察的是学生是否具有完成大学学业的能力。由于高考具有选拔性的特点, 所以家长、老师都希望考生能够顺利通过考试, 进入高一级学校深造。目前全国很多城市, 在高考前对全市考生进行各学科的模拟考试。这种高三的模拟考试有很多作用, 它可以帮助教师和学生发现教学和学习中的不足, 从而更好地帮助学生进行下一阶段的复习;有助于学生熟悉高考题型;它也可以预测考生的高考成绩, 为学生填报志愿提供参考依据等。对于很多家长和学校来说, 模拟考试经常被用来预测学生在高考中的表现。那么, 这种模拟考试的预测效度到底如何呢?由于它是低风险考试, 所以国内这方面的研究也比较少。本文主要从预测效度的理论依据、实践过程和结果分析等方面对此进行了研究。
二、预测效度的理论依据
1. 预测效度 (Predictive Validity)
预测效度的概念最早来自心理测量学, 它和测试的预测能力有关, 即测试结果在多大程度上能够反映出将来发生的事情或多大程度上能够预测考生未来的行为。预测效度通常被用来预测考生以后的考试结果, 或未来做事情的潜力, 或将来取得某种成就的可能性有多大。预测效度通常用于选拔合适人选、面试、进行人事测评或选拔考生进一步深造等方面, 这些都是利用了考试具有的预测效度的特点。
2. 预测效度和语言测试
近年来, 预测效度被较多地应用于语言测试中, 即通过考试来做某种决定, 例如选拔人才或选拔考生进高校学习。做出决定后, 人们往往关心:考试是否选拔了该选拔的学生?有没有选错?这就是考试的预测效度, 即考试有没有起到预测性 (桂诗春, 1986) 。预测效度是把一次考试结果和以后的考试结果比较而得到的, 所以预测效度的效标资料通常要过一段时间才能得到, 它的高低说明前面的考试是否具有较好的预测效度。
国内外相关的实证研究有很多。早在1977年, Ayres和Peters (1999) 通过研究50个工科的硕士毕业生, 发现TOEFL能够很好地预测学生的GPA成绩;周国辉 (1996) 对比了山东几所大学一年级学生的英语成绩和高考英语成绩, 发现高考成绩的预测效度很低;Al-Musawi和Al-Ansari (1999) 选择了美国某大学英语专业的86名本科生, 比较了这些学生的TOEFL和FCE成绩, 结果表明FCE更能预测学生的GPA成绩;许之所和张丽芳 (2004) 调查了1997~2000年四年的武汉科技学院的英语专业的一年级学生, 发现NMET能够很好地预测英语专业学生第一学年的各科英语成绩。以上这些研究的对象都是高风险考试。本研究选取的高三英语模拟考试虽然是低风险考试, 但它的预测性却是客观存在的, 因此有研究的必要。
三、研究情况
1. 研究对象
本次调查对象是洛阳市某一重点中学的2006级全部高三学生, 他们2009年6月参加高考, 包括11个班 (5个文科班, 6个理科班) , 大约600多名学生。经过分析, 四次考试 (包括三次模拟考试和高考) 都参加的学生只有名因此本研究就选取这名学生的成绩作为研究的有效成绩
2. 研究问题
本研究拟解决以下两个问题:
问题一:英语高考模拟考试成绩在多大程度上影响高考成绩?
问题二:影响高三模拟试卷的预测效度的因素有哪些?
3. 研究方法
本次研究主要通过分析对比这些学生所参加的三次模拟考试的英语成绩和他们高考的英语成绩一一对应, 采用SPSS11.5对相关数据进行分析;并配合学生和老师的访谈, 以便更好地分析产生问题的原因。
4. 数据收集
洛阳市高三学生的三次模拟成绩的时间分别是1月、3月和5月。作者选取的这所高中共有700多名高三学生, 但是四次考试 (包括3次模拟考试和高考) 都参加的学生只有498名学生, 因此本研究实际上选取这498名学生的成绩作为有效成绩。高考成绩是在9月份才拿到官方的统计数据的。
四、数据分析
这四次考试的基本情况如表4.1所示。从表中可以看出, 这三次模拟考试的标准差和高考的标准差很接近, 说明几次考试中学生成绩之间的差异分布不大。
要想研究两次考试之间的相关性, 就必须要用到相关系数。相关系数, 又称皮尔逊相关系数, 它是说明两个现象之间相关关系密切程度的统计分析指标。它的绝对值越大, 说明相关程度越高。表4.2是三次模拟考试和高考的相关系数情况。
**Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed) .*Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed) .
从表中可以看出:第一次、第二次和第三次模拟考试成绩和高考成绩的相关系数分别是.789、.259和.810, 在99%的置信区间上检验, 有显著意义。和第一和第三次模拟考试相比, 第二次模拟考试和高考的相关性稍弱。
五、结果分析
通过以上数据分析, 可以看出除了较小误差以外, 三次英语模拟考试成绩都能够比较准确地预测学生高考成绩, 这和之前研究的结果是一致的。
产生这种准确性的原因可能有以下几个:
第一, 高考模拟试卷和高考有很多相似性, 比如考试形式、题型、难度、内容等方面。区别在于所学知识点的分布范围不同和具体选用的试题不同。这种相似性通常会产生较高的预测效度。
第二, 全市统一的高考模拟试卷是由一些有经验的高三教师教师出的。他们常年工作在教学一线, 非常了解高考的题型、考纲和学生, 能够准确地把握考试的重点和学生在学习中常见的弱点和难点。
第三, 三次模拟考试和高考之间的时间间隔短。高考是6月份, 而三次模拟考试的时间分别是1月、3月和5月。在这么短的时间里, 学生的语言能力虽会有提高, 但不会有太大的变化。
第四, 三次模拟试卷出题质量高。通过分析试题使用的词汇、比较句子长短、文章选材、语言点分布等, 笔者发现, 如在语法和词汇这一部分, 三次模拟考试几乎覆盖了所有课程要求和考试大纲所要求的知识点, 很难找到一个超纲的题;在完型填空部分, 几乎每个题都需要考生结合上下文来选择答案这在很大程度上能够考察学生的语言综合运用能力而阅读部分也涵盖了不同的题材, 后面问题的设计也以考察学生的理解能力为主, 能够起到较好的练习作用。
但是, 从前面的数据分析中我们也看到试卷中存在的有些问题, 如和高考试题相比, 模拟考试的质量、难易程度和试题的覆盖面都有差异。因此, 要想使考试更好地预测考生以后的学业成就或表现, 首先这个考试必须要有很高的效度。
总地来说, 考生在考试中的表现不是由某一个因素决定的, 而是由受综合因素影响的, 如紧张情绪。因此, 当我们用它来预测学生高考成绩时, 要综合考虑考生的各个方面。只有这样, 才能对考生的学习作出客观的评价。
六、结论
第一, 高三的英语模拟考试成绩有较好的预测作用。从以上分析可以看出:高三英语的三次模拟考试成绩和高考成绩的相关系数都达到了统计意义上的显著性水平, 具有很好的预测作用, 能够较好地起到预测高考成绩的作用。
浅谈高三英语口语考试复习策略 篇3
2015年新课标高考英语考试大纲在口语上要求考生根据提示进行口头表达,考生应能询问或传递事实性信息,表达意思和想法,能做到语音、语调自然,做到语言运用得体,使用有效的交际策略。云南省高考英语口语测试采用全国英语等级考试(PETS)二级计算机口语考试试题,PETS第二级考试计算机辅助口语考试时间约为12分钟,满分为5分,口语中计算机播放的指导语为英语。口试分为三节,第一节考查考生初次见面时向他人提供个人的事实性信息(如姓名、学校等),第二节考查考生根据动画内容,询问具体事情,回答有关具体事物的询问能力,第三节就第二节谈论的问题进行继续性回答。
由于受经济发展、师资、缺乏语言环境等现实的制約,边疆少数民族地区英语口语教学较难开展,特别是高三英语口语考试也是很多师生头痛的问题,如何能真正改变“哑巴”英语的现状,让学生乐于用英语表达,不让学习英语成为负担,这就需要老师采用积极有效的教法,在过去的高三口语复习中我是这样开展的。
一、口语训练从平时入手
坚持每天的“Duty Report”,每天用课前5分钟时间鼓励学生大胆用英语表达思想。报告内容形式多样,由学生自由选择,可以是一个社会热点问题,一条新闻,一首好歌,一个学生感兴趣的问题,也可以推荐一本好书,一部好电影,介绍自己的家庭等。在平时的训练中,我发现这种训练能充分调动学生的积极性,学生们会采用问题询问、唱歌、朗诵、连词成句、用短语造句等方法使口语训练在欢乐、轻松的气氛中进行。在口语交流中老师要及时给表现优秀的同学予以表扬,给胆小害羞的同学鼓励和信心,通过每天的训练让开口说英语成为一种习惯。
二、通过口语比赛活动
每年学校都会通过举行英语口语比赛为上一级比赛推选优秀选手,学生们对这次活动很认真,积极性较高,这也是一次进行英语口语训练的好机会。每年我都会组织所教班级进行口语比赛,并从中推选校级选手。在比赛中可以先出好几个题目,让参赛同学抽签,给时间准备,然后进行口语表达,由教师和学生代表组成评委并进行评比。学生在观摩比赛中互相学习,逐渐有了竞争意识,学习英语的氛围和环境大大改善,从而促进了学生使用语言的技能。
三、高三英语口语考试考前复习
高三英语口语考试前时间紧,任务重,这就需要老师有一套合理的复习策略。在复习中我先从词汇入手,词汇维系着语音和语法,是构筑语言的基本单位,它是提高语言水平的基石,可见,英语口语水平的提高,词汇是根本,但记单词是学生学习英语最大的困难,这就要求老师教给学生掌握词汇的艺术,使之感受到学习的乐趣。口语词汇复习通常分为十四大场景常用词汇,如:(1)餐馆场景(restaurant: waiter/waitress and customer);(2)银行场景(bank: bankclerk and customer);(3)邮局场景(post oflice: postal clerk and customer);(4)图书馆场景(library: librarian and reader);(5)医院及健康场景(hospital: doctor and patient);(6)电话场景(making a phone call);(7)酒店场景(hotel: receptionist/ clerk and customer);(8)交通/超速场景(traffic: driver and passenger);(9)购物场景(shopping: shop assistant / sales(wo) man and customer);(10)天气(weather);(11)机场场景(airport: information desk clerk and passenger);(12)校园生活(school: teacher / professor and student / classmates);(13)问路(asking the way)指路(showing the directions)。结束场景词汇复习后便进行口语模拟考试,检测学生的口语的最好办法就是口试。口试和作文一样属自由回答式测试,在这种考试中考生可以自由地用自己的话来回答问题。
心理学上说:“兴趣可以促使各种感觉器官处于最活跃的状态,浓厚的学习兴趣还能使学生在繁重而艰苦的学习过程中产生愉快情绪”。兴趣的产生需要老师采用灵活多样的教学方法和教学手段,作为一名英语教师,我们应该在口语教学中充分发挥学生的主体作用,使他们排除心理障碍,建立信心,提高学习兴趣,最大限度地改变边疆少数民族地区学生学习英语中开口难、胆小害羞的“哑巴”英语现状。
高三英语考试后反思 篇4
一、存在问题 1.学生生基础差,缺乏良好的学习习惯和较强的学习能力,主动学习意识差,主动思考能力弱,对考试不够重视,应试能力、技巧差。
2、部分教师课堂教学起点过高,基础知识的落实力度不够,基本方法、基本技能训练不足。
3、有老师存在重课时轻课堂效益的问题,不能科学地规划课堂,高效地利用课堂。
4、集体备课存在重考点轻课标的现象,对考纲、考题缺乏针对性的研究,还是存在盲目跟着资料走的问题。
5.有的学生作文失分很多,听力得分低,主要是平时缺乏训练,指导学生坚持进行相关方面的训练并积累一定量的词汇。
二、具体措施
1、多和学生谈心,排除学生心理障碍,树立学习信心。从生活上和学习上多关心学生,把我学生思想脉搏,对症下药,以求起到事半功倍的学习效果。
2、多和班主任和同伴任课交流,群策群力,共同促进学生的全面发展。
高三考试英语听力成绩提升技巧 篇5
1.英语听力的训练
高三如何强化英语听力训练?我们先来了解一下英语听力的训练方法的问题,建议可以每天上午都坚持听英语材料的录音带,这样对提高自己的听力熟悉度是非常有帮助的。当然这种听并不是说听一遍就够了,必须要多听几遍,一直到完全掌握这些具体的意思是什么。其次英语听力还关系到很多技巧的问题,特别是听力中需要注意的内容,如果是跳过一些听力点,那么要保持精力在接下来的内容上,切勿因为一个听力内容而导致整个大局都受到破坏。
2.听力材料的选择
而具体高三如何强化英语听力训练?答案自然是要坚持听力训练,而听力材料的选择就十分关键,建议各位要选择一些权威的听力材料,这样对进一步提高的意义才会更大,切勿选择一些不规范的听力材料,因为这些材料的风格和考试的口语是不一样的,这样反而会影响整体听力效果。而且英语听力的熟悉度很重要,一些不规范的材料考纲也可能会偏,这样反而会耽误到学习,所以学生要多花精力在英语听力的材料选择上。
3.坚持训练
高三如何强化英语听力训练?进行英语听力的学习必须坚持,要知道听力的提高不是很快就可以完成的,需要付出很大的精力在听力上,这样才能最终实现进步。目前英语听力的难点很多,所以才需要学生更加重视听力训练,可以考虑在培训老师的帮助下进行提高和训练,这样有助于提高自己的听力分数。老师会提出很多有用的知识,他们在高三如何强化英语听力训练方面有着充足经验,可以帮助各位学生提高复习的效率。
高三英语听力蒙题技巧
快速阅读能力
养成快速阅读的能力,在应试时,同学们就可以利用监考老师发放试卷以及播放题目要求的时间,快速浏览试卷中的选项,抓住关键信息。例如大学英语四六级考试官网提供的四级样题中第一个短对话,选项如下:
A) The man has left a good impression on her family。
B) The man’s jeans and T-shirts are stylish。
C) The man should buy himself a new suit。
D) The man can dress casually for the occasion。
通过快速阅读,不难看出四个选项中B, C, D这三个选项都和一个男人的穿衣打扮有关,因此可预测也可能是该对话的主要内容。另外,注意到与其他三个选项内容不一致的A选项,其时态是现在完成时,表明这个动作已经完结,也就是这个男人已经给女方一家人留下了好印象。在听录音时就要重点听“男人给女方家人留下好印象”究竟是什么过去发生、现在发生还是即将发生的事情。
边听边写
在日常练习英语听力时,要养成边听边写的好习惯。有的同学可能会质疑,时间那么短,只是“听”这一项任务就已经完全占据了注意力。针对这个问题,大家除了要平时加大听力训练之外,还要养成速记的能力,将你听到的重点信息用自己能看懂的字符表示出来。而且,要利用已有的语法知识,猜测没有听到的内容大致应该是什么词性,再结合语境猜测是什么词义。
高三英语怎么提高听力成绩
1、集中注意力
考生在听英语听力的时候,要稳定自己的心理,这样才能发挥出自己的正常的水平。而过于紧张焦急的情绪则会容易产生恐惧心理,使听力的反应速度变慢,对把握信息的准确度大打折扣。所以考生在听英语听力的时候一定要全身放松,集中注意力,把所有的精力都放在听音上。
2、快速阅读英语听力题目
高三英语段考试题 篇6
高三年级英语试卷
考试时间:120分钟 满分:150分 命题人:刘亚东 谢朝富 审题人:刘钰
本试题分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)。考生作答时,须将答案答在机读卡和答题卷上,在本试题卷、草稿纸上答题无效。考试结束后,请将机读卡和答题卷交回。
第I卷 选择题(共100分)
注意事项:1.选择题部分必须使用2B铅笔在机读卡上将所选答案对应的标号涂黑。2.第I卷共三部分,共计100分。第一部分 听力测试(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What is the man going to have for lunch? A.Hamburger.B.Pizza.C.Uncertain.2.What does the woman suggest the man do? A.Don’t drink beer.B.Don’t put ice into the beer.C.Drink dark beer.3.What are the two speakers talking about? A.A beautiful park.B.A college campus.C.An architectural exhibition.4.How much higher is the price of the steak than last week? A.12 cents.B.20 cents.C.22 cents.5.How will the medicine affect the woman? A.It will make her weak.B.It will make her sleepy.C.It will make her excited.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题,听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6至7题。
A.Exercise.B.Eating habit.C.Mental attitude.7.Who is optimistic? A.The woman’s grandfather.B.The woman’s grandmother.C.The man’s grandmother.听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。8.Where will the man go tomorrow? A.A university.B.A railway station.C.A hospital.9.How much is a round-trip ticket? A.About 10 dollars.B.About 15 dollars.C.About 25 dollars.10.What can we learn from the conversation? A.The journey will take at least 2 hours.B.The man should take the C line.C.The train stops 6 times on the way to the Grand Central Terminal.听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。
11.What is the relationship between the two speakers? A.Hotel manager and waiter.B.Shopkeeper and salesperson.C.Interviewer and interviewee.12.What is the most important for the man to do the job? A.Using a computer.B.Working on weekends.C.Getting on well with people.13.What do we know about the man? A.He can’t work on Saturdays.B.He once worked in a restaurant.C.He can only speak two languages.听第9段材料,回答第14至16题。
14.When was Beatles’ first U.K.single released?
A.In October 1962.B.In December 1963.C.In October 1970.A.He was shot dead.B.He died of cancer.C.He died in a car accident.16.Which album does the man like best? A.Love.B.Rubber Soul.C.Beast.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。
17.What first led Van Gogh to the world of painting? A.His job as an art dealer.B.The influence of a famous artist.C.The attraction of the landscapes in the country.18.Where did Van Gogh live in 1886? A.In Aries.B.In Paris.C.In England.19.When did Van Gogh take up painting? A.In 1869.B.In 1877.C.In 1886.20.What did Van Gogh mainly paint? A.Landscapes.B.Portraits.C.Flowers and birds.第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30 分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
A Outline programme for the State Visit of the President of The People’s Republic of China, Mr XiJinping, accompanied by Madame Peng Liyuan, 20 to 23 October 2015.MONDAY 19 OCTOBER The President of The People’s Republic of China will arrive privately in the UK on Monday evening,19th October, at Heathrow Airport.They will be greeted on behalf of The Queen by The Viscount Hood,Lord-in-Waiting.TUESDAY 20TH OCTOBER The Queen will formally welcome the President at the Royal Pavilion on Horse Guards Parade.The President will inspect the Guard of Honour.Following a private lunch
view an exhibition in the Picture Gallery of itemsfrom the Royal Collection relating to China.In the evening The Queen will give a State Banquet at Buckingham Palace for the President.Her Majesty and the President will both make speeches at the start of the banquet.WEDNESDAY 21 OCTOBER President Xi will meet with the Prime Minister, David Cameron, at No.10 Downing Street for a bilateral meeting.They will visit the UK-China Business Summit at Mansion House, which will focus on investment , infrastructure and innovation.Then, the President will visit Huawei Technologies, where he will receive presentations looking at Huawei’s 14 years in the UK, its innovation work with UK partners and the latest technology trends.In the evening, the President will attend a banquet at Guildhall given by the Lord Mayor and City of London Corporation.The Lord Mayor and the President will both make speeches at the end of the banquet.THURSDAY 22 OCTOBER The President will formally bid farewell to The Queen at Buckingham Palace in the morning.Afterwards, he will join a Confucius Institute conference.Later he will fly up to Manchester ahead of the final day of the State Visit.FRIDAY 23 OCTOBER In the morning, the President will visit the National Graphene Institute at the University of Man-chester.Later he will visit the Manchester City Football Group.The Lord Chamberlain will bid farewell to President Xi on behalf of The Queen.Their Excellencies will depart from Manchester Airport.21.How many cities will President Xi visit in the UK according to the passage? A.1.B.2.C.3.D.4.22.Which of the following is true about the activities that President Xi will attend? A.He will visit the football clubs in the city of Manchester.B.He will attend two formal Banquets at Buckingham Palace.C.He will attend a Confucius Institute conference in the city of Manchester.D.He will visit a UK-China Business Summit accompanied by the UK Prime Minister.A.speeches are usually given at the start of a Banquet B.the head of the UK will greet and see off President Xi at the Airport C.a welcome ceremony and farewell ceremony will be arranged by the UK D.Huawei Technologies has been cooperating with British for more than a decade
B Tu Youyou has become the first Chinese woman to win a Nobel Prize, for her work in helping tocreate an anti-malaria(疟疾)medicine.The 84-year-old’s route to the honour has been anything but traditional.Tu Youyou attended a pharmacology school in Beijing.Shortly after, she became a researcher at the Academy of Chinese Traditional Medicine.In China, she is being called the “three noes” winner: no medical degree, no doctorate, and she’s never worked overseas.In 1967, Communist leader Mao Zedong decided there was an urgent national need to find a cure for malaria.At the time, malaria spread by mosquitoes was killing Chinese soldiers fighting Americans in the jungles of northern Vietnam.A secret research unit was formed to find a cure for the illness.Two years later, Tu Youyou was instructed to become the new head of Mission 523.Researchers in Mission523 pored over ancient books to find historical methods of fighting malaria.When she started her search for an anti-malarial drug, over 240,000 compounds(化合物)around the world had already been tested, without any success.Finally, the team found a brief reference to one substance, sweet wormwood(青蒿), which had been used to treat malaria in China around 400 AD.The team isolated one active compound inwormwood, artemisinin(青蒿素), which appeared to battle malaria-friendly parasites(寄生虫).The team then tested extracts(提取物)of the compound but nothing was effective until Tu Youyou returned to the original ancient text.After another careful reading, she improved the drug recipe one final time, heating the extract without allowing it to reach boiling point.After the drug showed promising results in mice and monkeys, Tu volunteered to
I had the responsibility.” she explained.Tu is consistently cited for her drive and passion.One former colleague, Fuming Liao describes her as a “tough and stubborn woman”.Stubborn enough to spend decades piecing together ancient texts and apply them to modern scientific practices.The result has saved millions of lives.24.Which of the following words can best describe Tu Youyou? A.Traditional and modest.B.Passionate and responsible.C.Lucky and knowledgeable.D.Stubborn and flexible.25.When did Ms.Tu start her malaria research? A.When malaria become serious among Chinese citizens.B.When she was enrolled into a pharmacology school in Beijing.C.After she entered a secret government unit known as “Mission 523”.D.After she became a researcher at the Academy of Chinese Traditional Medicine.26.What can we learn about the discovery of anti-malaria drug? A.Heating the extract until it reaches boiling point is necessary.B.The process of testing extracts of the compound is very smooth.C.No one had ever done any research on it before Tu and her team.D.The idea of using wormwood to treat malaria was from ancient Chinese text.27.The underlined phrases “pore over” in paragraph 3 most probably means ________.A.go over B.pay attention to C.search for D.think over
C The death of languages is not a new phenomenon.Languages usually have a relatively short lifespan as well as a very high death rate.Only a few, including Egyptian, Chinese, Greek, Latin, have lasted more than 2,000 years.What is new, however, is the speed at which they are dying out.Europe’s colonial conquests caused a sharp decline in linguistic diversity, eliminating at least 15 percent of all languages spoken at the time.Over the last 300 years, Europe has lost a dozen, and Australia has only 20 left of the 250 spoken at the end of the 18th century.The rise of nation-states has also been decisive in selecting and consolidating
official language in education, the media and the civil service, national governments have deliberately tried to eliminate minority languages.This process of linguistic standardization has been boosted by industrialization and scientific progress , which have imposed new methods of communication that are swift, straightforward and practical.Language diversity came to be seen as an obstacle to trade and the spread of knowledge.Monolingualism became an ideal.More recently, the internationalization of financial markets, the spread of information by electronic media and other aspects of globalization have intensified the threat to “small” languages.A language not on the Internet is a language that “no longer exists” in the modern world.It is out of the game.The serious effects of the death of languages are evident.First of all, it is possible that if we all ended up speaking the same language, our brains would lose some of their natural capacity for linguistic inventiveness.We would never be able to figure out the origins of human language or resolve the mystery of “the first language”.As each language dies, a chapter of human history closes.Multilingualism is the most accurate reflection of multiculturalism.The destruction of the first will inevitably lead to the loss of the second.Imposing a language without any links to a people’s culture and way of life stifles the expression of their collective genius.A language is not only used for the main instrument of human communication.It also expresses the world vision of those who speak it, their imagination and their ways of using knowledge.To safeguard languages is an urgent matter.28.Which of the following does not contribute to the death of languages? A.Colonial conquests of Europe.B.The boom of human population.C.Advances in science and industrialization.D.The rise of nation-states.29.The underlined word “stifles” in the last paragraph probably means “__________”.A.boosts B.fuels C.imposes D.kills
The serious effects of the death of languages include all except that____________.A.people would fail to understand how languages originated B.language diversity would become an obstacle to globalization C.monolingualism would lead to the loss of multiculturalism D.human brains would become less creative linguistically 31.What is the author’s purpose of writing this passage? A.To explain the reasons why languages are dying out.B.To warn people of the negative aspects of globalization.C.To call people’s attention to the urgency of language preservation.D.To argue how important it is for people to speak more languages.D Scientists today are making greater effort to study ocean currents(洋流).Most do it using satellites and other high-tech equipment.However, ocean expert Curtis Ebbesmeyer does it in a special way—by studying movements of random floating garbage.A scientist with many years’ experience, he started this type of research in the early 1990s when he heard about hundreds of athletic shoes washing up on the shores of the northwest coast of the United States.There were so many shoes that people were setting up swap meets to try and match left and right shoes to sell or wear.Ebbesmeyer found out in his researches that the shoes—about 60,000 in total—fell into the ocean in a shipping accident.He phoned the shoe company and asked if they wanted the shoes back.As expected, the company told him that they didn’t.Ebbesmeyer realized this could be a great experiment.If he learned when and where the shoes went into the water and tracked where they landed, he could learn a lot about the patterns of ocean currents.The Pacific Northwest is one of the world’s best areas for beachcombing(海滩搜寻)because wind sand currents join here, and as a result, there is a group of serious beachcombers in the area.Ebbesmeyergot to know a lot of them and asked for their help in collecting information about where the shoes landed.In a year he collected reliable information on 1,600 shoes.With this data, he and a colleague were able to test and improve a computer program designed to model ocean currents,As the result of his work, Ebbesmeyer has become known as the scientist to call with questions about any unusual objects found floating in the ocean.He has even started an association of beachcombers and ocean experts, with 500 subscribers from West Africa to New Zealand.They have recorded all lost objects ranging from potatoes to golf gloves.32.Ebbesmeyer phoned the shoe company to find out______.A.what caused the shipping accident B.when and where the shoes went missing C.whether it was all right to use their shoes D.how much they lost in the shipping accident 33.How did Ebbesmeyer prove his assumption? A.By collecting information from beachcombers.B.By studying the shoes found by beachcombers.C.By searching the web for ocean currents models.D.By researching ocean currents data in the library.34.Ebbesmeyer is most famous for______.A.traveling widely the coastal cities of the world B.making records for any lost objects on the sea C.running a global currents research association D.phoning about any doubtful objects on the sea 35.What is the purpose of the author in writing this passage? A.To call people’s attention to ocean pollution.B.To warn people of shipping safety in the ocean.C.To explain a unique way of studying ocean currents.D.To give tips on how to search for lost objects on the beach.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Stop eating yourself stupid We all know that poor nutrition can lead to bad health and even weight gain.36
could very likely play a role in how smart you are.According to the study, rats fed a high-fat diet for 10 days showed signs of weakness and even had trouble finding treats that were waiting for them.37 Actually high-fat diet could weaken our intelligence—but so can a calorie-restricted diet.The trick appears to lie in finding a nice balance.Here are ways to achieve that happy balance and make you smarter through diet, exercise and improving your brain power.38 Aim to get this amount of calories each day.If you need to drop a few pounds, take away the number you get by 400;consume that number of calories each day until you drop the weight.Eat the right foods in addition to getting the right amount of calories.Aim for healthy foods that include good amounts of protein, fiber, fruits and vegetables, healthy whole grains, healthy fats and plenty of water.Well!39 Read a book.Try a new recipe.Do some puzzles.These are all good ways to help increase your smarts.40 Aim for at least three 30-minute sessions a week.I like simple exercises such as walking, but anything that raises the heart rate is good.You may be fond of music too.Combine them!Some people like to listen to classical music such as Bach or Mozart, but rock music lovers will be happy to learn that this genre can help make you smarter as well.A.Exercise regularly with happy mind forever.B.Your health depends on your exercise plan.C.Don’t forget to exercise your mind while doing so.D.Now add “lack of intelligence” to the list.E.You may be puzzled whether it has something with us.F.Remember: All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.G.Figure out how many calories you need to maintain your weight.第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题;每题1.5分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A, B, C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处
My son, Sam, struggled through elementary school.But his sixth grade teacher took the time to_41_Sam’s strengths and inspired him to be a better student.On Valentine’s Day, my eleven-year-old son Sam 42 me to allow him to buy his teacher an enormous red heart filled with delectable(让人喜爱的)chocolates.We 43 , and he bought her a smaller but respectably sized heart.On his small 44 , $4.99 was a huge investment, and I was touched by his 45.Sam has not always loved teachers.He doesn’t yet admit that he 46 school, but he does like to hang out in his classroom after three o’clock, and he is 47 about some class projects.Last year, Sam’s most 48 achievement was having the longest “missing assignment” list in the entire fifth grade.He 49 all year to keep his head above the academic sea.Many nights Samsank into tears of 50 while working his way through another pile of homework.I must admit I was 51 when I first met Mrs Hogan.She was a 52 teacher.She seemed so young and sweet and inexperienced.How was this new teacher going to 53 a boy who had learned to dread(恐惧)school? As I observed this teacher’s 54 with my son at the end of each day, I realized that Sam’s inattentiveness and disorganization was not the 55 things that Mrs Hogan noticed about him.She recognized Sam as a knowledgeable, capable student who loved to read.He rose to her 56.Sam began to do his homework without numerous 57 or a major search through his crowded back pack.He brought home less and less class work.He 58 six A’s on his second-quarter report card.I still don’t know how much of this 59 is due to the magic of Mrs Hogan.I do know that my son loves his sixth grade teacher, and I think there is a magic in relationships that can 60children when nothing else will.41.A.prevent B.encourage C.push D.change 42.A.advised B.promised C.allowed D.begged 43.A.compromised B.agreed C.refused D.argued
45.A.instruction B.cleverness C.generosity D.bravery 46.A.likes B.hates C.attends D.misses 47.A.annoyed B.excited C.surprised D.worried 48.A.enjoyable B.favorable C.honorable D.memorable 49.A.struggled B.managed C.failed D.continued 50.A.regret B.anger C.frustration D.pleasure 51.A.interested B.concerned C.moved D.amazed 52.A.loving B.caring C.rising D.beginning 53.A.lift up B.pick out C.win over D.take in 54.A.descriptions B.relationships C.interactions D.discussions 55.A.precious B.usual C.obvious D.primary 56.A.expectations B.requirements C.questions D.measures 57.A.references B.reminders C.rules D.suggestions 58.A.lost B.accepted C.earned D.left 59.A.independence B.reward C.recovery D.miracle 60.A.persuade B.inspire C.control D.cure
第II卷(共50分)
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面材料,阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
My grandfather’s name was George William Peterson.He 61(bear)in 1922 and lived in a small village in Oxford shire, 62 his father was the village butcher.He went to the village primary school, then to grammar school in the 63(near)big town.When he was 17, World War II started, and so he joined the army.He trained in England before going off to fight in France.He was very lucky during the war, because he was never wounded or caught by 64enemy.In 1945, he was 23 years old and thought that he was too old 65(go)to university, so he joined a company of lawyers as a clerk.He attended evening classes
he 66(meet)my grandmother at a dance and a year 67 they got married.In 1950 my father was born, 68(follow)by my aunt.My grandfather retired in 1987.All his life he was interested in birds.He spent many of his holiday sand weekends 69(watch)birds.He was patient 70 me and my brother and I was very sad when he died in 2005.第四部分:写作(共两节,满分35分)第一节 短文改错(共10小题,每小题1分,满分10分)阅读下面短文并改正文中错误。共有10处错误,每句中不超过两处错误。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(Λ),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:
1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
As senior three student, it won’t take long after I graduate.Now, I have much to share with my fellow student.Firstly, I’d like to show my appreciation to those stand by me all the way, teachers, parents and friends included.Without their help and advice, my life will be different.Secondly, it’s high time that I said sorry to the classmates I have hurt and misunderstand.I firm believe that communication and smiles act as bridges to friendship.Above all, I’ve made up my mind to make every effort to study, so hard work is the key to success.Just as the old saying go, “No pains.No gains.” Finally, I want to express my hope which all the young fellows can make full use of time, because time and tide wait for no man.第二节 书面表达(25分)假如你是李华,你的美国朋友Peter想选修中文作为外语,为此写信征询你的意见。请按以下要求给Peter写封100词左右的回信。
1、鼓励他选修中文;
、中文的魅力(两点);
3、学好中文的意义(两点)。
注意:信的开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。Dear Peter, Nice to receive your letter, in which you sought for my advice on whether you should choose Chinese as a second language.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua
成都七中2015-2016学年度上期半期考试高三年级英语试卷
参考答案
第一部分 听力测试(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)1-5CBBAB 6-10CCABB 11-15CCBAA 16-20BABBA 第二部分 阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2分,满分40分)21-23BDD 24-27BCDA 28-31BDBC 32-35CADC36-40DEGCA 第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题;每题1.5分,满分30分)41-45BDACC 46-50ABDAC 51-55BDACD 56-60ABCDB 第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
61.wasborn
62.where/and
63.nearest
64.the
高三文言文试题讲评四环节 篇7
环节一:背景知识补充, 注重文化积累
语文学科具有工具性, 语文教育需要使学生具备基本的语文素养和语文知识能力。对于文言文的学习也应具有工具意识, 通过不断的文言知识积累, 使学生自身具备良好的文言阅读能力。在教学中, 通常选取一篇记人或叙事的文言片段, 考查学生的文言阅读能力。
了解作家作品的背景知识有助于阅读文本。因此, 在试题讲评课的导入部分, 老师有意让学生回顾了与课本相关的文学常识, 试图做到夯实基础, 温故知新。例如:选取的文言文节选自《史记·万石张叔列传》, 是一篇人物传记, 对卫绾这一人物进行了重点刻画。老师就对《史记》及作者司马迁的有关知识做了相应回顾和适当的补充, 有助于学生积累知识和对选文的大体把握。
环节二:文本重读及文言释义
对选文文本的理解需要建立在准确落实字词的基础上, 因此文本的翻译环节是讲评的重点。教学中, 教师注重强化学生文本阅读理解的能力。如:首先要求全体同学通读全文, 熟悉选文内容, 初步理解大体内容。在文言文释义环节中, 将对选文文本的理解建立在准确落实字词的基础上, 并将文本的翻译作为讲评重点。实施中, 教师的讲解以边读边译的方式进行, 对其中重点的字词释义以及典型的文言句式给予提示和强调。在对学生不易把握的重点、难点处, 教师没有轻易地给出答案, 而是步步引导, 让学生掌握文意推断的方法, 提高触类旁通的能力。让学生的翻译建立在分析的基础上, 从而做到言而有据, 翻译出的答案也是根据语境而来的, 不是表面上的所谓“字字落实”。
环节三:试题解答, 重在理解应用
在准确理解选文的基础上, 进一步对试题做出正确解答, 并总结规律。关于客观选择题, 我们可以尝试运用直接选择法、比较差异法、相对排除法等多种方法细致分析灵活作答。例如:选择题是实词解释题、虚词的用法考查、人物形象的理解和分析、选文理解和分析等内容。讲解中教师针对做错同学的原因进行分析, 不是将错误的原因简单归结为知识的缺陷, 而是要注意还原答题情境。讲评的过程也是引导并促使学生重现答题思路的过程, 让学生自己进行梳理反思, 找出出错的原因。从而明确正确的答题思路和方法, 教会学生发现出题人对细节处设置的陷阱, 达到准确把握。
环节四:总结归纳, 提炼方法
通过对某篇文言文阅读题的讲解, 努力培养学生准确答题的能力, 明确答题步骤, 掌握答题方法和技巧, 为学生积累答题经验。答题步骤和方法可以总结并简单概括为以下三点:一是明确出题点, 有的放矢。二是阅读关键点, 把握大意。三是落实考查点, 回答问题。
由此可见, 讲练结合, 不应该只是机械地疏通文言字词和传授文言知识, 还应该将文言阅读的基准点放在理解文意和评价鉴赏这一特征上, 结合答题思路, 总结做题方法, 最后做到灵活应用。
高三历史模拟试题 篇8
A.炎黄时期 B.夏商时期
C.春秋时期D.战国时期
2.希腊发现了古埃及纸草,中国出土了拜占庭琉璃器,朝鲜出土了唐三彩。从中可解读的概念是()
A.殖民主义 B.文化传播
C.军事征服D.宗教扩张
3.史学家们重视地理研究的主要原因是()
A.探寻自然与文明关系B.寻找事件发生的因果联系
C.探讨早期的价值观念D.展现历史的发展进程
4.《说文解字》解释说:“宗,尊祖庙也。”也就是说,宗法的“宗”的本义是宗庙。这说明宗法制的纽带是()
A. 财产 B.地域 C.血缘 D. 信仰
5.下列有关奥斯曼帝国崛起对世界影响的错误表述是()
A.诱发欧洲商人开辟新航路B.曾导致西欧商品价格暴跌
C.在巴尔干埋下不稳定种子 D.为欧洲文艺复兴汇聚人才
6.秦汉时期负责社会基层征税和调解纠纷的是()
A.县令B.三老 C.啬夫D.里长
7.北魏孝文帝曾被称为“民族融合的推手”,主要是因为他()
A.支持胡汉通婚 B.具备儒学修养
C.实施全面汉化政策 D.迁都中原洛阳
8.张说(667—730)有诗云:“青海和亲日,潢星出降时。戎王子婿宠,汉国舅家慈。”文中的“戎王”指的是()
A.吐蕃赞普 B.匈奴单于
C.鲜卑可汗 D.大食苏丹
9.下列政权与建立者不匹配的是()
A.辽——耶律阿保机B.西夏——元昊
C.金——完颜阿骨打D.元——铁木真
10.南宋时,临安人谢国明往来中日等国经商,后定居博多(今日本福冈市),并成为当地航运界首领。最便于他商旅活动的港口是()
A.广州B.泉州C.明州D.月港
11.明朝内阁首辅张居正常言“我非相,乃摄也。”此言()
A.言不由衷 B.谦虚矜持
C.符合实际 D.擅权邀功
12.古代史学家认为记录的真相不受权贵威迫而秉笔直书,是史学家崇高的情操。后世史家称之为()
A.史才B.史学 C.史识D.史德
13.1555年《奥格斯堡宗教和约》签署,使新教和天主教一样得到承认,并规定了“谁的地盘,谁的宗教”的原则。该约签订得益于()
A.文艺复兴 B.宗教改革
C.启蒙运动D.英国革命
14.对右图中历史现象发展起推进作用的是()
A.资产阶级革命
B.第一次工业革命
C.第二次工业革命
D.资本的全球扩张
15.完全由清政府经营的企业是()
A.江南制造局 B.轮船招商局
C.发昌机器厂D.开平矿务局
16.19世纪末,日本学者称李鸿章为世界五大伟人,中国却称他为“当世秦桧”。对此认识最恰当的是()
A.这是日本的阴谋,离间清廷B.李鸿章出卖主权,被日推崇
C.评价人物的视角和立场不同D.因时代不同对人物看法不一
17.拿破仑统治对欧洲社会产生的重大影响是()
A.强化了君主集权的意识
B.扩大了工业革命成果
C.削弱了英国在大陆势力
D.动摇了封建统治秩序
18.《工厂游记》一书针对童工的劳役和剥削问题,提出国家应出钱买断私人企业,创造“国家车间”和“国家工厂”。赞同此说的是()
A.卢梭 B.彼得一世
C.马克思 D.罗斯福
19.19世纪四五十年代,日本学者渡边华山认为:西方各国“艺术(即技术)之精博,教政之羽翼鼓舞,似为唐山所不及”。文中“唐山”是指()
A.美国B.日本C.中国D.荷兰
20.据《上海电信史》记载:“1879年9月,大北公司向……申请德律风(电话)专营权,条件是向租界提供一整套电话通讯网。”文中省略的是()
A.英国政府 B.总理衙门
C.上海知县D.工部局
21.义和团运动最直接、最重要的作用是()
A.打击了清政府的反动统治,加速了它的灭亡
B.暴露了清政府的卖国本质,促进了人们的觉醒
C.粉碎了帝国主义瓜分中国的狂妄计划
D.促进了资产阶级革命团体的建立
22.下图是不同时期日军军帽形制与材质。据此推测,较为合理的是日军()
A.军官日益腐败,克扣军饷B.制帽技术进步,纸质轻盈
C.经济困乏,战争难以为继D.遭盟军反攻,畜牧业毁灭
23.有人认为,二战后初期美国的“疆域”覆盖全球。这里的“疆域”是指()
A.军事霸权 B.政治盟友
C.货币体系 D.价值观念
24.威尔逊总统参加巴黎和会;罗斯福总统出席雅尔塔会议;里根总统与戈尔巴乔夫签署条约。以上事实体现美国总统的身份是()
A.国家首脑 B.政党领袖
C.军事统帅 D.首席法官
25.下图照片中的情景,作为一种普遍现象开始流行于20世纪()
A.50年代初B.50年代末
C.60年代中D.70年代末
26.下图是1984年创作的漫画《做实验》。“实验”的最终目的是()
A.实现国家统一B.推进改革开放
C.调整外交政策D.筹建经济特区
27.工具的进步是生产力发展的重要标志之一。下列图示中的工具按材质出现先后顺序排列应该是()
A.①②③B.②③①C.①③②D.③①②
28.文字的出现是人类文明的标志之一,下列不属于亚非文明古国为人类文明发展所作出重大贡献的是()
A.甲骨文B.象形文字C.楔形文字D.希腊字母
29.历史学家钱穆说,严格说来,要到秦汉中国历史上才正式有统一政府。秦汉以前的中国,只能说是一种封建的统一。他作出这一判断的主要依据是秦汉时期实行了()
A.郡国并行制B.三公九卿制C.郡县制D.皇帝制
30.“虽背《春秋》之义,固不失为史家之绝唱,无韵之《离骚》矣。”这是鲁迅先生对我国古代一部重要史学著作的赞叹。这部史书在叙述历史时采用()
A.以人物为中心展开B.以事件之始末记述
C.以时序为主线写作D.以地域之联系综述
31.下面图示中所反映的内外形势与格局得以最终解决是由于()
A.设置河西四郡、形成郡国并行制
B.三次北击匈奴、形成内外朝体制
C.设置河西四郡、颁布推恩令
D.三次北击匈奴、颁布推恩令
32.秦隋都是短命王朝,但是一个承上启下、继往开来的重要时期,其最重要的共同举措是()
A.完成了国家统一 B.创建了中央官制
C.修建了巨大工程D.完善了法律制度
33.国学大师陈寅恪先生认为:“华夏民族之文化,历数千年之演进,造极于赵宋之世。”材料所述现象的出现与宋代有密切关联的国策是()
A.创设科举制度 B.改进活字印刷
C.重文轻武D.鼓励海外贸易
34.中国古代“分封制—郡县制—郡国并行制—行省制”的演变说明了()
A.封建社会的地方建制逐渐完善
B.君权与相权的矛盾是古代主要问题
C.高度集权的政治制度逐渐瓦解
D.古代中国的地方行政制度逐渐完善
35.某剧组要拍摄一部反映西欧中世纪庄园的电视剧。他们设计的以下一些场景中有明显错误的是()
A.庄园的耕地一般分为春耕、秋耕和休耕地
B.许多农奴在为庄园领主无偿修盖城堡房屋
C.庄园中有领主的堡垒、农奴的农舍和教堂
D.流动商贩在庄园里叫卖食盐、水果、腊肉
36.启蒙运动在许多方面都明显超越了文艺复兴运动。其“超越”主要表现在()
A.批判教会的宗教专制B.宣扬人文主义的精神
C.提出民主政体的构想D.倡导追求现世的成功
37.在资产阶级革命时代,英国通过了《权利法案》、法国颁布了《人权宣言》、美国制定了1787年宪法。这说明()
A.以法律手段限制王权是这些国家革命的共同举措
B.以立法形式巩固革命成果是这些国家的相同手段
C.革命后工业资产阶级获得了独掌政权的法律地位
D.资本主义制度已经在欧美得以普遍的确立和推广
38.“较少的深思高论,只有一路随和,一路感觉,顺着经验走,绕着障碍走,怎么消耗少,怎么发展快就怎么走……温和中包含着刚健,渐进中累积着大步。”这一评论最符合()
A.英国君主立宪制的形成过程B.德国帝国制的形成过程
C.美国总统共和制的形成过程D.法国共和制的形成过程
39.被誉为“中国17世纪的工艺百科全书”的科学巨著是()
A.《齐民要术》B.《梦溪笔谈》
C.《农政全书》D.《天工开物》
40.一位同学在进行有关李鸿章的课题研究时,用了以下事例介绍其生平。其中不正确的是()
A.组建淮军,镇压太平天国运动 B.兴办洋务,创建江南制造总局
C.参与外交,签订《辛丑条约》D.倡导维新,积极参与戊戌变法
41.据1887年《海关报告》:牛庄土纱每包(150公斤)售价白银87两,洋纱每包(150公斤)售价仅白银57两。洋纱价格低廉除了其自身的生产因素外,还因为外国在中国()
A.获取巨额战争赔款 B.享有协定关税特权
C.得到开埠通商便利D.享有领事裁判特权
42.梁启超先生说,史学者,学问之最博大而最切要者也,国民之明镜也,爱国心之源泉也。这反映了梁启超的史学思想强调()
A.史学功能,弘扬传统B.历史进化,反对因循复古
C.历史学问,博大精深D.治史宗旨,以国民为主体
43.1830年以后,中国与西方的交往渐趋频繁,在这过程中,有许多误解,并发生过几次战争。不过德国与中国一直要到义和团事件才首次发生武装冲突。对此理解正确的是()
A.19世纪中期以前的德意志,仍处于积弱与分裂状态,无力向外扩张
B.德意志许多哲人如伏尔泰对中国一向敬佩,所以其政府也对中国友善
C.德意志人民一向爱好和平,对其他国家没有野心,所以不曾向外掠夺
D.德意志工业发展,希望中国能购买其工业产品,所以采取友好的态度
44.1843年上海正式开埠,仅仅十年后,上海就取代广州成为中国进出口第一大港。上海取得如此重大的外贸成就主要得益于上海()
A.外贸历史悠久B.水陆交通便利
C.设有外国租界D.地方政府支持
45.“寸寸河山寸寸金,侉离(指分离、割取)分裂力谁任?杜鹃再拜忧天泪,精卫无穷填海心。”诗人黄遵宪1896年因何而发写的这首诗()
A.鸦片战争中国战败被迫割地赔款
B.第二次鸦片战争中国战败
C.甲午战败中国民族危机日益严重
D.中国被迫签订《辛丑条约》
46.中国共产党早期的创始人选择上海作为举行中共一大的地点是经过深思熟虑的。下列因素中,能够为他们作出决定提供参考的有()
①位于长江入海口,交通便捷②有英法租界,相对安全③五四运动主阵地,思想激进④城市生活现代化,食宿方便
A.①②B.③④C.①③D. ②④
47.中国共产党领导的军队佩戴下图所示的臂章是在()
A.国民革命时期B.十年内战时期
C.抗日战争时期D.解放战争时期
48.下图所示是1958年刊载于《人民日报》的漫画,最合适它的标题是()
A.步调一致B.急起直追
C.脚踏实地D.光说不练
49.回顾欧盟的发展历程,我们可知:1970年,欧洲一体化组织被称作European Communities;1995年,则被称作European Union。从European Communities到European Union称呼的变化,显示出该组织()
A.实现了区域性货币联盟
B.地域已囊括并冲出欧洲走向世界
C.完成了地区政治一体化
D.合作的规模、领域日趋广泛深入
50.历史的发展离不开重大事件的影响。以下新中国历史上发生的重大事件,按照时间先后顺序排列正确的是()
A.三大改造、土地改革、“大跃进”、“文化大革命”
B.“大跃进”、“文化大革命”、土地改革、三大改造
C.土地改革、“大跃进”、三大改造、“文化大革命”
D.土地改革、三大改造、“大跃进”、“文化大革命”
51.1964年,77个发展中国家在日内瓦发表《七十七国联合宣言》,提出了建立平等互利的国际经济新秩序的要求。这表明()
A.经济区域集团化进一步发展B.世界格局呈现多极化趋势
C.资本主义世界经济体系瓦解D.和平与发展成为时代主题
52.1971年,中国向世界公布了一份公告,其中有一句:“周恩来总理代表中华人民共和国政府邀请尼克松总统于……适当时间访问中国。”在历史的进程中,这一“适当时间”定格在()
A.1971年B.1972年C.1978年D.1979年
53.这张摄于1993年的照片震惊了世界,它向世人揭示了非洲依然存在的状况。自20世纪60年代以来,第三世界一直为改变这种状况而努力。这种努力是()
A.争取建立国际经济新秩序B.实行不结盟的外交政策
C.倡导和平共处的万隆精神 D.建立多极化的世界格局
54.下图是四川宁江机床厂发表在1979年6月25日《人民日报》上的一则广告,这是新中国成立以来《人民日报》首次刊登推销产品的广告。这一现象的积极作用包括()
①促进企业技术革新,提高企业产品质量②开拓国内国际市场,实现中外合作生产③鼓励企业大胆探索,变革企业经营模式④突破计划经济体制,推动商品经济发展
A.①②③B.①②④C.①③④D.②③④
55.【内外朝的演变】阅读材料,回答问题。
秦汉以后,专制主义中央集权政治制度的发展有一个规律,那就是皇帝为了加强集权专制统治,往往提拔心腹近臣,在自己身边建立一套秘书班子……内朝官的权力急剧膨胀,后来就逐渐取代了外朝官。当内朝官成为正式的国家机构以后,皇帝又重用近臣,在内朝建立另一个参谋班子,他们入侍帷幄,内参机密,在朝廷正式机关之外,又建立了一个凌驾于其上的内朝组织。
(1)概述西汉至清代内外朝演变的史实。
(2)结合所学知识,谈谈你对内外朝更迭这一规律的看法。
56.【货币中的历史】研究历史上货币流通的现象,可以加深我们对时代和社会的认识。阅读材料,回答问题。
历史现象之一:白银成为主要货币
明代中叶后,白银成为主要货币。据研究,16世纪中期到17世纪中期,欧洲各国与中国的贸易以中国的丝绸为主角,被西方学者概括为“丝—银”对流。中国通过“丝—银”贸易,获得了占世界产量1/4到1/3的白银,总量达到7 000吨至10 000吨。这种趋势一直持续到18世纪末。
(1)“丝—银”贸易出现的国际背景和国内社会条件主要是什么?
历史现象之二:鸦片走私,白银外流
近年以来,银价之贵,州县最受其亏。而银商因缘为奸,每于钱粮紧迫之时倍抬高价。州县亏空之由,与盐务之积疲,关税之短绌,均未必不由于此。要皆与偷漏出洋之弊有以致之也。
(2)根据材料并结合所学,分析19世纪上半期白银外流给国家和社会造成的影响。简述清政府针对白银外流所采取的应对措施。
历史现象之三:1盎司黄金35美元
1933年,美元贬值约30%。1934年,美国政府1盎司黄金的价格固定为35美元。1944年,美、英、中等44国通过《联合国家货币金融会议最后决议书》,规定美元与黄金挂钩,各国货币与美元挂钩,确立了以美元为中心的资本主义世界货币体系。1971年,美国停止以美元兑换黄金。1973年,美元贬值10%,各国放弃与美元挂钩的固定汇率。
(3)1944年所确立的“以美元为中心的资本主义世界货币体系”指的是什么?分别说明1933年和1973年美元两次贬值的原因。
历史现象之四:美元与中国货币
20世纪80年代中期以来,在中国经济高速发展的同时,人民币兑美元汇价有所调整,1美元同人民币比价从2.8元升至8.27元,近年来又回落至7.0元以下。
(4)结合所学,分析中国货币兑换美元汇率变动的社会条件。
57.【近代西学东渐】阅读材料,回答问题。
有学者认为,在近代西学东渐进程中,国人对西学的态度经历了“被动接受——主动效法——自主选择”的过程。
结合中国近代史的有关史实,叙述这一过程。
参考答案
1.A2.B3.A4.C5.B6.C7.C8.A9.D10.C11.C12.D
13.B14.C15.A16.C17.D18.C19.C20.D21.C22.C23.C
24.A25.B26.A27.C28.D29.C30.A31.D32.A33.C34.D
35.D36.C37.B38.A39.D40.D41.B42.D43.A44.B45.C
46.A47.C48.D49.D50.D51.B52.B53.A54.C
55.(1)西汉建立后,统治者继承秦朝的中央官制,丞相制度沿袭了下来。汉武帝为了裁抑丞相职权,起用身边的亲信近臣,由皇帝与亲信近臣形成了宫廷的决策核心,称为“内朝”;而以丞相为首执掌政务的政府机关,称为“外朝”。朱元璋加强皇权,废除中书省和丞相之职,其在后期设殿阁大学士,以备顾问,协助皇帝处理朝廷文书。明成祖时,正式确立内阁制度。康熙帝设南书房作为内廷决策机制钳制议政王大臣会议。雍正帝在宫内创设军机房,后将这一临时机构定为常设的军机处。乾隆帝时,进一步强化军机处的职能,内阁也形同虚设,皇权得以空前加强。
(2)内朝的形成以及内、外朝之间关系的变化是皇权与相权矛盾的体现。中国古代史上内外朝体制更迭,体现了皇帝集权的加强,有利于防止大臣擅权,稳定政局;也有利于平定边疆分裂叛乱势力,维护多民族国家的统一与社会稳定。但另一方面,相权削弱乃至最终丞相被废除,到明清时皇权空前强化,严重阻碍了社会发展与进步。
56.(1)国际背景:新航路开辟,东西方贸易联系加强。国内社会条件:瓷器、丝绸、茶叶等商品通过海外贸易大量出口。
(2)影响:州县征税困难,盐税和关税少,造成国家财政危机;“银贵钱贱”造成农民纳税负担加重,激化了社会矛盾。措施:为遏制鸦片走私,清政府任命林则徐主持禁烟。
(3)1944年确立的体系:布雷顿森林体系。20世纪30年代贬值原因:为应对经济危机,罗斯福政府实施新政,调整财政金融政策,实行美元贬值刺激出口。20世纪70年代贬值原因:西欧一体化和日本的崛起,对美国经济的霸权地位进行了挑战,形成了美、日、西欧三足鼎立的经济格局。
(4)改革开放后,随着社会主义市场经济的建设(或汇率随市场发生变化),对外开放程度提高,国家经济实力增强。
57.被动接受:经过两次鸦片战争,部分廷臣疆吏直观感受到西方军事的先进,出于维护清政府统治的需要,引进外国先进设备,进行机器生产,开展洋务运动。
主动效法:甲午战争的失败宣告洋务运动破产,康有为、梁启超等先进知识分子意识到零星地学习外国科技是不够的,为挽救民族危亡,主动发起维新变法运动,主张学习西方进行制度方面的改革。
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