“主谓一致”与高考试题(人教版高三英语下册教学论文)

“主谓一致”与高考试题(人教版高三英语下册教学论文)（共6篇）

“主谓一致”与高考试题(人教版高三英语下册教学论文) 篇1

主谓一致中的“表里不一”现象

和主语必须在人称和数上保持一致，最基本的原则是：单数主语用单数动词，复数主语用复数动词。但在实际使用当中情况比较复杂，现在笔者把在教学中学生常犯的主谓一致错误归纳整理如下，以期对同学们的学习有所帮助。

1、“more than one ＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。例如：

More than one teacher gets the flowers． 不止一个教师得到了花。

2、“many a ＋名词”作主语时，从意义上看是复数，但谓语动词常用单数。例如：Many a student has been sent to plant trees． 很多学生被派去植树。

3、“half of，the rest of，most of，all of及百分数或分数＋of 等后接名词”作主语时，谓语动词形式根据of后的名词而定。例如：

Three fourths of the surface of the Earth is covered with water． 地球表面四分之三为水所覆盖。

4、all指人时，动词用复数；all指物时，动词用单数。例如：

“All are present and all is going well”，our manager said． 我们经理说：“所有人全部到场了，一切进展顺利。”

5、what引导的主语从句，谓语动词可视表语而定：表语是单数名词时，动词用单数，相反，则用复数。例如：

What they want to get is a number of good books． 他们想得到的是大量的好书。

6、and连接的两个单数名词前若用each、every、no修饰，该名词短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：

No book and no pen is found in the schoolbag． 书包里没有书和钢笔。

7、当主语后面有as well as，with，along with，together with，but，like，rather than，except等引导的短语时，谓语动词要与最前面的主语保持一致。例如：

My father as well as his workmates has been to Beijing． 我父亲和他的同事曾去过北京。

8、each作主语的同位语时， 谓语动词由主语来决定，与each无关。例如：

They each have a bike． 他们每人有一辆自行车。

9、动词不定式、动词－ing形式短语作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。例如：

Going out for a walk after supper is a good habit． 晚饭后出去散步是一个好习惯。

10、the following 作主语时，谓语动词的数与后面名词的数保持一致。例如：

The following are some good examples． 下面是一些好例子。

11、以－ics结尾的学科名词，如politics，physics，mathematics等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。以－s结尾的名词news，works，plastics等同属此类。例如：

Politics is now taught in all schools． 现在各学校都开设政治课。

12、有些用来表示由两个对应部分组成一体的名词复数（trousers，glasses，shoes等）作主语时，前面若有“一条”、“一副”、“一把”之类的单位词，动词用单数；若没有单位词或单位词是复数，则谓语动词用复数。例如：

The shoes are all right． 这些鞋子都很合适。

13、“one and a half ＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词要用单数。例如：

One and a half apples is left on the table． 桌子上有一个半苹果。

14、“one or two／more ＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。例如：

One or two persons are sent there to help them do the work． 要派一两个人到那儿去给他们帮忙。

15、“one of ＋复数名词＋ 定语从句”结构中，定语从句的谓语动词要用复数；而在“the only one of ＋复数名词＋定语从句”的结构中，定语从句的谓语动词要用单数。例如：

He is one of the students who get there on time． 他是准时到达那里的学生之一。

16、表示时间、距离、金钱等的复数名词作主语表达一个整体概念时，谓语动词常用单数，但若强调数量，谓语动词可用复数。例如：

One million dollars is a lot of money． 一百万美元是一大笔钱。

责任编辑：李芳芳

“主谓一致”与高考试题(人教版高三英语下册教学论文) 篇2

I. 用适当的冠词填空：

1.When you’ve finished with _____ book, don’t forget to put it back on _____ shelf, will you ?

2.In my opinion, _____ life in ______ 21st century is much easier than it used to be.

3.It was not until we had stayed together for ______ couple of weeks that we had a lot in _____ common.

4.I think he is taking _____ active part in ______ social work. I agree with you in _____ way.

5. -Did Peter fix ______ computer himself ?

-He had it fixed, because he doesn’t know much about ______ computers.

II.用适当的冠词给下列短文填空：

Dear Peter,

I’m glad to receive your letter asking for my 1 advice on how to learn Chinese well. Here are 2 few suggestions. First, it is important to take 3 Chinese course, as you’ll be able to learn from 4 teacher and practice with your fellow students. Then, it also helps to watch TV and read 5 books, 6 newspapers and 7 magazines in Chinese whenever possible. Besides, it should be 8 excellent idea to learn and sing Chinese songs, because by doing so you’ll learn and remember 9 Chinese words more easily. You can also make more Chinese friends. They will tell you 10 lot about China and help you learn Chinese. Try and write me in Chinese next time.

III.单句改错

1.It was indeed not easy to get in the touch with everybody and set a good time for all of us.

2.Second, I will learn more about history of the Olympics as good as the Olympic Games.

3.However, when John went back home, the tickets were still there. In the fact ,there were four tickets on the seat.

4.I have made up my mind to spend the vacation far from home for first time in my life. My parents have agreed to visit me, and I will have a different vacation.

5.I had many wonderful experiences, but I also had a sad one. One day, the school held party, where I was invited to talk about Tianjin.

6.Last winter vacation, some of my classmates decided to travel with their friends, while I chose to take part-time job to gain experience and earn some money.

7.The play tells humorous stories that happen in the Green’s family.

8.I like the color of your skirt. It is good match for your blouse.

9.There is reported to be the number of the wounded on both sides.

10.In case of the fire, please press the red button.

11.It is getting dark. Take a umbrella before you forget it.

12.The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called a world wide wait because it can be very slow.

13.A book is the store that sells books.

14.Don’t you believe it! Glass can take place of the steel in many ways of life.

15.He began to learn English in his 1990s in Britain.

掌握较好的>80% 题号: 分析

掌握一般的60%~80% 题号: 分析

掌握较差的 <60% 题号: 分析

难点教学建议

I. 1. the; the 2.不填;the 3. a; 不填 4. an; 不填; a 5. the; 不填

II. 1. 不填 2. a 3. a 4. the 5. 不填 6.不填 7.不填 8. an 9. 不填 10. a

III. 1. 去掉the 2. history前加the 3. 去掉the 4. first前加the 5. party前加a 6. part-time前加a 7. 去掉Green’s前the 8. good前加a 9. the改成a 10. 去掉the 11. a 改成an

12. a改成the 13. the改成a 14. place前加the 15. his改成 the

“主谓一致”与高考试题(人教版高三英语下册教学论文) 篇3

◆典型陷阱题分析◆

1. I forget where I read the article, or I _____ it to you now.

A. will show B. would show

C. am going to show D. am showing

【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。

【分析】正确答案选B.根据上文的语境可知句中的 or 隐含有一个虚拟的条件，即 or=if I didn’t forget where I read the article(要是我没忘记我在哪儿读过这篇文章的话--但事实上忘了)。

2. “It looks as if he were drunk.” “So it does. _____.”

A. He’d better give up drinking

B. He shouldn’t have drunk so much

C. Health is more important than drink

D. I wonder why he is always doing so

【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选，主要是受句中 drunk 一词的影响。

【分析】最佳答案为D.关键信息是It looks as if he were drunk 中的虚拟语气，句子既然用了虚拟语气，也就是说，“他喝醉了”不是事实，只是他的言行好像是醉了，所以此题的最佳答案是D.

3. “Mary looks hot and dry” “So _____ you if you had so high a fever.”

A. do B. are

C. will D. would

【陷阱】容易误选A或C.选A者，认为前后两句的动词性质应一致;选C者，认为其后带有if 条件状语从句，从语气上看，主句应用将来时态。

【分析】此题最佳答案为D.分析如下：

(1) “so + 助动词 + 主语”是一个很有用的结构，它表示“……也一样”时。如：

He likes to watch TV, and so do I. 他喜欢看电视，我也一样。

When animals and plants disappear, so will man. 当动植物消失的时候，人类也会随之消失。

(2) 由于空格后的 if 条件状语从句的谓语用的是虚拟语气(这是很重要的信息)，所以主句要用 would 而不用 will，即答案应选D.

4. “He will come tomorrow.” “But I’d rather he _____ the day after tomorrow.”

A. will come B. is coming

C. came D. had come

【陷阱】容易误选A或B.根据上文的 He will come tomorrow 以及下文的时间状语 the day after tomorrow 似乎都表明空白处应填一个一般将来时态。

【分析】但此题的最佳答案是 C.按照英语习惯，would rather 后接that 从句时，从句谓语通常要用虚拟语气，即用过去式表示现在或将来，用过去完成时表示过去。又如：

I’d rather you left right now. 我宁愿你现在就离开。

I would much rather it was forgotten. 我更愿这事被遗忘掉。

I’d rather he hadn’t told me about it. 我宁愿他没告诉我这事。

请再做以下试题(答案均为B)：

(1) “Shall I come tomorrow ?” “I’d rather you ______.”

A. won’t B. didn’t

C. don’t D. wouldn’t

(2) “I’ve told him about it.” “But I’d rather you ______.”

A. didn’t B. hadn’t

C. don’t D. wouldn’t

(3) “He will take you as well.” “But I’d rather he ______.”

A. won’t B. didn’t

C. doesn’t D. wouldn’t

5. All the doctors in the hospital insisted that he ____ badly wounded and that he ____ at once.

A. should be; be operated on

B. were; must be operated on

C. was; should be operated

D. was; be operated on

【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。

【分析】最佳答案选 D.insist后的从句谓语有时用“should+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气，有时不用，具体要看该谓语动词所表示的含义。一般说来，若该谓语动词所表示的动作尚未发生，或尚未成为事实，则用虚拟语气;若该谓语动词所表示的动作已经发生，或已经成为事实，则要用陈述语气。分析上题的句意，可知只有选D最合适。请做以下类似试题(答案选B)：

(1) The patient insisted that he _______ ill and _______ to the hospital.

A. wasn’t, wasn’t sent B. wasn’t, shouldn’t be sent

C. shouldn’t be, wasn’t sent D. shouldn’t be, shouldn’t be sent

(2) The man in prison insisted that he _______ nothing wrong and _______ set free.

A. should do, should be B. had done, should be

C. had done, had been D. should do, had been

(3) I advised that he ______ to the hospital at once, but he insisted that he ______ quite well then.

A. was sent; felt B. be sent; was feeling

C. he sent; feel D. should be sent; should feel

6. ______ smoking, he would not have got cancer in the lung.

A. Was he given up B. Had he given up

C. Did he give D. If he gave up

【陷阱】容易误选 D.

【分析】正确答案应选B.之所以不能选D，是因为时态前后有矛盾。由于主句谓语是would not have got，这表明是对过去事实作出的假设，所以从句谓语应该是 had given up，而不是像D项那样用一般过去时。另外，当虚拟条件句中有 had, should, were 等词时，通常可以省略 if，并将 had, should, were 提前置于句首。又如：

Were they to cease advertising, prices would come down.= If they were to cease advertising, prices would come down. 如果他们停止做广告，价钱会降下来。

Had I been there, I would have filmed the occasion.= If I had been there, I would have filmed the occasion. 如果我在那里，我会把那场面拍摄下来了。

◆精编陷阱题训练◆

1. “I still haven’t thanked Aunt Lucy for her present.” “It’s time you _____.”

A. do B. did

C. had D. would

2. If I hadn’t been lucky enough to meet you. I really _____ what I would have done.

A. don’t know B. hadn’t known

C. wasn’t knowing D. wouldn’t know

3. “I’ve told everyone about it.” “Oh, I’d rather you _____.”

A. don’t B. hadn’t

C. couldn’t D. wouldn’t

4. It has been raining for a day, but even though it hadn’t rained, we _____ there by tomorrow.

A. can’t get B. won’t get

C. hadn’t got D. wouldn’t get

5. “Do you know his address?” “No, I also wish I _____ where he _____.”

A. knew, live B. knew, lives

C. know, lives D. know, lived

6. “Isn’t it about time you _____ to do morning exercises?” “Yes, it is. Would you like to join us?”

A. begin B. have begun

C. began D. had begun

7. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I ____ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.

A. wouldn’t have fallen B. had not fallen

C. should fall D. were to fall

8. He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he ____ a goal.

A. had scored B. scored

C. would score D. would have scored

9. If only he _______ quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now.

A. lies B. lay

C. had lain D. should lie

10. Without the air to hold some of the sun’s heat, the earth at night ____ for us to live.

A. would be freezing cold B. will be freezing coldly

C. would be frozen cold D. can freeze coldly

11. Yesterday, Jane walked away from the discussion. Otherwise, she ____ something she would regret later.

A. had said B. said

C. might say D. might have said

12. You didn’t let me drive. If we ____ in turn, you ____ so tired.

A. drove; didn’t get B. drove; wouldn’t get

C. were driving; wouldn’t get D. had driven; wouldn’t have got

13. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ______.

A. breaks B. has broken

C. were broken D. had been broken

14. But for the help you gave me, I _______ the examinations.

A. would have passed B. would pass

C. wouldn’t have passed D. wouldn’t pass

◆答案与解析◆

1. 选B.It’s time you did 为 It’s time you thanked Aunt Lucy for her present 之略。按照英语语法，it’s time 后从句通常要用过去式。

2. 选A.虽然前有虚拟条件句, 后有使用了虚拟语气的宾语，但 I don’t know 却宜用一般现在时，因为 I don’t know 表述的是现在的真实情况，句意为“我要不是有幸遇到你，我真不知(指现在不知)我会做出什么蠢事来”。

3. 选B.I’d rather 后接从句时，从句谓语的时态规律是：用过去式表示现在或将来，用过去完成式表示过去。

4. 选A.we can’t get there by tomorrow 为客观事实，故宜用陈述语气。

5. 选B.第一空填 knew，因为 I wish 后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气(即用过去式表示现在的想法);第二空要填lives，即用陈述语气，因为 where he lives 是一个客观事实，而不是 I wish 的内容。

6. 选C.It’s time… / It’s high time… / It’s about time… 等后接从句时，从句谓语通常用过去式。

7. 选 B.此题涉及错综时间虚拟条件句，主句与现在事实相反，条件句与过去事实相反。句意为：要不是在七岁时就迷上了 Melinda Cox 图书馆，我真不能想像我如今会在做什么。

8. 选 D.这是otherwise 引出的含蓄虚拟语气，再根据前面的 hesitated 可进一步知道这是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，由此可推知答案选 D.

9. 选 C.if only 意为“要是……就好了”，其后的句子谓语要用虚拟语气，同时根据 as the doctor instructed 中的过去时态可知从句是与过去事实相反，故选 C.

10. 选 A.without 引出的介词短语为一个与现在事实相反的含蓄条件句。

11. 选 D.otherwise 在此相当于 if she had not walked away from the discussion，即暗示一个与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句。

12. 选 D.根据句中的 didn’t let me drive 可知，这是一个与过去事实相反的虚拟语气句，条件句的谓语用 had+过去分词，主句谓语用 would / should / could / might have+过去分词。

13. 选 C.as if 引导的句子，有时用虚拟语气，有时不用。原则上说，若指事实或可能为事实，不用虚拟语气;若指现在，从句谓语动词用一般过去时(be 用 were);若指过去用过去完成时，若指将来用过去将来时或用 were to do sth.又如下面一题要选 C：

It seems as if the sun ____ round the earth since it rises in the east and sets in the west.

A. circles B. is circling

C. were circling D. has been circling

14. 选C.but for 的意思是“若不是，要不是”，用于引出与事实相反的假设，通常与虚拟语气连用。根据句中的 the help you gave me，可知它表示与过去事实相反，故选C.

“主谓一致”与高考试题(人教版高三英语下册教学论文) 篇4

◆典型陷阱题分析◆

1. “Don’t you believe me?” “______, I’ll believe _______ you say.”

A. No; whatever B. Yes; no matter what

C. No; no matter what D. Yes; whatever

【陷阱】容易误选A。认为Yes 永远译为“是”，No 永远译为“不”。

【分析】最佳答案选D。在回答否定疑问句时，要特别注意 yes, no 的正确理解。回答yes 时，可视为 yes, I do 之类的省略形式;回答 no 时，可视为 no, I don’t 之类的省略形式。针对上题而言，“Don’t you believe me?”的意思是“你难道不相信我?”其答句 “Yes, I do” 的实际意思便是“不，我相信你”，这与 I‘ll believe whatever you say 的意思完全吻合。注意，第二空不宜填 no matter what，因为它只能引导让步状语从句，不能引导宾语从句。请再看类似试题：

2. “Would you mind if I _______ one of these books?” “_______.”

A. took; Certainly not B. take; Yes, of course

C. can take; Yes, please do D. may take; No, I‘m using it

【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。

【分析】最佳答案选A。做对此题要注意两点：一是would you mind 后接 if 从句时，从句谓语通常要用一般过去时(但 Do you mind if 后的谓语不用过去式);二是对 would you mind… 的回答实际上是对 mind(介意)的回答，即肯定回答表示“介意”，否定回答表示“不介意”。请做以下类似试题：

(1) “Do you mind if I smoke here?” “_______. Go to the smoking room, please.”

A. Of course not B. Sure, why not

C. No, I don’t D. Yes, I do

答案选D。根据下文的 Go to the smoking room, please 可知说话者介意对方抽烟，故选D.

(2) “________, sir?” “No. Go ahead.”

A. May I use your dictionary

B. Do you mind if I use your bike

C. Would you mind opening the window

D. May I have a look at your new book

答案选B。注意答句中的 no 和 go ahead：no 表否定，否定 mind，即表示“不介意”，这与其后 go ahead 表示的同意刚好吻合。

3. “Haven’t seen you for ages! Do you still work in Guangzhou?” “_______. It’s two years since I worked there.”

A. Yes, I have B. Yes, I do

C. No, I haven’t D. No, I don’t

【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。

【分析】最佳答案为D。要做对此题，首先要正确理解 It‘s two years since I worked there 的意思。按英语习惯，since用作连词时，它所引导从句的谓语通常应是非延续性动词，若为延续性动词或状态动词，则它所表示的动作或状态的应是其完成或结束(而不是其开始)。如：

I haven’t heard from him since he lived in Beijing.

正译：自从他离开北京以来，我一直未收到他的信。

误译：自从他住在北京以来，我一直未收到他的信。

He has never come to see me since I was ill.

正译：自我病愈以来他还没来看过我。

误译：自我生病以来他还没来看过我。

由此可见，上面一题中It‘s two years since I worked there 的实际意思是“我没在那儿工作已有两年了”。弄清此句的意思后，再结合上下文的语境，答案选D就不难理解了。

4. “I‘ve never found a better job.” “_____.”

A. I don’t think so B. Too bad

C. Congratulations D. Don’t worry

【陷阱】容易误选B或D，主要是将上文的意思理解错了，即将其理解为“我从来没找到一份好工作”。

【分析】最佳答案为 C。I‘ve never found a better job 的实际意思是“这是我所找到的最好的一份工作”，可视为 I’ve never found a better job than this job (我从来没有找到比这份工作更好的工作，即这是我所找到的最好的工作)省略。只要正确理解了这话的实际含义，答案选C也就不难理解了。请再看两题：

(1) “How do you like the food in this restaurant?” “Oh, _______. We couldn’t have found a better place.”

A. too bad B. sorry

C. wonderful D. impossible

答案选 C。We couldn’t have found a better place 的实际意思是“这是我们所能找到的最好的地方”，可视为 We couldn’t have found a better place than this place 之省略。

(2) “How do you like the food in this restaurant?” “Oh, _______. We couldn’t have found a worse place.”

A. too bad B. sorry

C. wonderful D. impossible

答案选 A。此题与上面一题仅差一词，即将 better 改成了 worse.We couldn’t have found a worse place 可视为 We couldn’t have found a worse place than this place 之略，其意是说“我们不能找到一个比这个地方更好糟的地方了”，言外之意，“这是最糟的地方”。

◆精编陷阱题训练◆

1. “Could you do me a favour and take the box up to the six floor?” “_______.”

A. With pleasure B. My pleasure

C. No wonder D. No comment

2. “It‘s $500, but that is my last offer.” “OK, it is a ________.”

A. cost B. price

C. reward D. deal

3. “I hear Johnson was badly injured in the accident.” “_______ let‘s go and see him.”

A. What‘s more B. If so

C. Where possible D. When necessary

4. “Will you go skiing with me this winter vacation?” “It ______.”

A. all depend B. all depends

C. is all depended D. is all depending

5. “Do you want to go to the movie, Jane?” “______. I feel like doing something different.”

A. Don’t mention it B. I don’t want it

C. I don’t think so D. Not really

6. “Would you like me to show you the way?” “_______.”

A. That‘s very kind of you. B. Yes, you could.

C. Good idea! D. With great pleasure!

7. “I prefer a computer made in your company, but I may need some more information about the product.” “_______.”

A. Thank you B. It‘s a pleasure

C. You are welcome D. At your service

8. “Have a drink?” “No thanks, _____.”

A. I do mind B. I don’t like it

C. Never mind D. I‘d rather not

9. “We‘ve missed the train!” “_____, there’ll be another in ten minutes.”

A. All right B. Not at all

C. Never mind D. Don’t mention it

10. “Would you mind telling her the news?” “_____, but I don’t know if I _____ her these days.”

A. Of course, shall see B. Of course not, see

C. Of course, see D. Of course not, shall see

11. “May I borrow your paper?” “ ______.”

A. By all means B. Never mind

C. You are welcome D. Don’t mention it

12. He pushed his way through the crowd, saying “_____.”

A. Never mind B. With pleasure

C. Go ahead D. Excuse me

13. “Here‘s what you asked for.” “______.”

A. Many thanks B. Thank a lot

C. Thanks you D. Thank you a lot

14. “Can you spare me a few minutes now?” “______, but I‘ll be free this afternoon.”

A. No, I won’t B. Yes, with pleasure

C. I‘m not sure D. I’m afraid not

15. “Would you like to turn that music down? I‘m writing a letter.” “_____.”

A. No, I‘d like to B. No, please

C. Yes, sorry. D. Yes, I‘d like it.

16. “You must find such long hours very tiring.” “______. I enjoyed it.”

A. After all B. Never mind

C. Not in the least D. That‘s all right

17. “Would you take this along to the office for me?” “_____.”

A. That‘s right B. With pleasure

C. Never mind D. Not at all

18. “Do you need any help with those heavy bags?” “No, thanks; _____.”

A. Never mind B. All right

C. I can manage D. You are welcome

19. “Mr Smith is a kind person. I like to to work with him.” “In fact, everyone _______.”

A. is B. does

C. has D. likes

20. “At lunch time I‘d like to have a chat with you.” “Pardon, Have _____ with me?”

A. when B. who

C. which D. what

21. “I think you should phone Jenny and say sorry to her.” “______. It was her fault.”

A. No way B. Not possible

C. No chance D. Not at all

◆答案与解析◆

1. 选 A.with pleasure 的意思是“高兴地”、“乐意地”。注意不宜选B，my pleasure 主要用于回答感谢，意为“这是我乐意做的事”、“不用客气”，也可说成 It‘s my pleasure 或 It’s a pleasure等。

2. 选D.It‘s a deal 的意思是“就这么办”、“一言为定”。

3. 选B.if so 为 if it is so 之略，意为“如果那样的话”。

4. 选B.It all depends 的意思是“那要看情况”，也可说成 That depends.

5. 选D.not really 表示否定，但语气较轻，意为“不很……”。

6. 选A.That‘s very kind of you 意为“你太好了”、“你真是太客气”，常用于感谢对方的友好提议。又如下面一题也选A：

“Can I get you a cup of coffee?” “______.”

A. That‘s very nice of you B. With pleasure

C. You can, please D. Thank you for the tea

7. 选D.at your service 的意思是“随时为您服务”、“随时为您效劳”。

8. 选D.I‘d rather not 通常用于委婉地拒绝对方的邀请或提议。

9. 选C.never mind 表示安慰，意为“不要紧”、“没关系”。

10. 选D.第一空填 of course not，表示“不介意”;第二空要填 shall see，因为 if 引导的是宾语从句，而不是条件状语从句，所以不能用一般现在时表示将来。

11. 选A.by all means 表示同意，意为“完全可以”。

12. 选D.excuse me 用作从别人面前经过时的礼貌用语，又如：Excuse me, could I get past? 对不起，让我过去好吗?

13. 选A.若选B，则应改为Thanks a lot;若选C，则应改为 Thank you 或 Thanks;若选D，则应改为 Thank you very much 之类的。换句话说，thank 用作动词时，它是及物的，其后应有宾语;用作名词时，它通常要用复数形式。另外注意，英语中虽然可说 Thanks a lot，但习惯上不说 Thank you a lot.

14. 选D.甲要乙现在抽出几分钟，而乙说要等下午才有空--也就是说，乙现在抽不出时间，所以选D最适合。

15. 选C.从上下文语境来看，一方因音乐声放得太大已对另一方(正在写信)造成影响，所以选C较恰当。

16. 选C.Not in the least 意为“一点也不”。注意联系下文的 I enjoyed it.

17. 选B，with pleasure 主要用于回答请求或邀请。

18. 选C.由句意推知。

19. 选B.does 相当于 likes to work with him.注意不能选D，因为 like 是及物动词。

20. 选D.答话人由于没有听清问话人的 chat 一词，故针对问话人的 have a chat with you，反问 have what with me?

21. 选 A.no way 的意思是“没门”。根据上下文的语境(尤其是It was her fault)可推知。

“主谓一致”与高考试题(人教版高三英语下册教学论文) 篇5

周至四中 张荣利

众所周知，高三这一学年里，英语教师既要完成高中英语第三册的教学，又要带领学生进行会考、高考的复习备考，再加上我们农村地区的学生英语基础差，要让学生在一年内成绩有较大的提高，可谓任务紧、压力大。那麽，如何更加有效的进行教学呢?

分析历年考题后，我们会发现，高考、会考在重视英语基础知识的同时，都突出以测试语言运用能力为主的原则，形成了以篇章阅读为主的试题布局。说到底，高三复习最终目的是提高英语语言运用的能力。因此我的做法是这样的：

一、新课教学与单元复习同步进行.--------以新带旧,复习总结

边进行高三的课文教学，边对高中的内容如语音、词汇、语法和惯用法等语言知识进行查缺补漏和系统化训练。每单元除精选课本上的词汇、语法、填空或阅读理解习题进行即时训练外，还结合高考第一轮复习资料《创新设计》上高三部分套题对学生进行反馈训练。这些套题为每2单元一套，包括短语翻译15个，单词拼写10个，句形转换5个，单项选择15题(基本包括本单元主要语言点)、完型填空1篇。同时适当穿插语法专项、句型翻译、阅读理解和完型填空强化习题，印发一些范文让学生背。并告诉学生：词汇、短语的学习不能脱离语篇。要求同学通过诵读课文、范文，试着造句加深对词语与重点句型的印象。

二、加强词汇教学,积累语言信息.---------稳固根基,加强交际应用

在平时教学中对所学英语知识进行归纳总结，将零散的、孤单的知识有机地结合起来，使已学知识网络化，形成一个完整的知识体系，从而摸索出、总结出带规律性的东西，提高复习效率。比如：

(1)“点”： 归纳常用、常考重点词汇的基本用法、语法特点、适用条件以及相关知识点，特别是一些使用频率教高的动词，如 need, consider, suggest, expect, prefer 等。例如 suggest, 可表示“建议”，也表示“暗示”“表明” 等意义;还有suggest doing的结构, 以及做宾语从句时要用虚拟句型suggest that sb.(should)do 的结构，而作“暗示”、“表明”时则要用陈述语气;据此还可以联想到所带宾语从句中用虚拟语气的相关动词insist, demand, order, advice等。

(2) “线”：对有共同用法特点的词汇进行归纳、串联，形成知识链。如，既可作实义动词又可作系动词的词有：sound，smell，taste，get，become，turn，grow，come，fall，go，remain，look，appear，seem等。又如常用动名词(不能用不定式)作宾语的动词有：mind, enjoy, finish, imagine, suggest, avoid, practise, delay, appreciate, risk，等。

(3) “面”：由点及线，由线及面，培养发散思维和知识迁移的能力。对搭配能力强的词汇在复习时让学生先进行归纳复习。如复习Put用法时，马上想到Put away,put aside,put sth.in order,put on,put up with,put through等 。再区别记忆。

(4) “分”： 英语近义、同义词的学习和归纳可以扩大知识面，增强语言的使用能力。如在复besides 用法时，可以联系except, but, except for, except that, but for, apart from, other than 等词汇的词义区别和用法。再如: dress, be in ..., put on, have on, wear等词汇都可以表示“穿戴”，但他们的意义和用法的区别在哪?

(5)“合”：正确处理语法教学和阅读教学的关系：

要摆脱语法束缚，就得学好语法，逐步养成用英语思维的习惯。现行教材强调交际和运用，可是交际并不排斥语法，我们不能孤立地谈交际、阅读，更不能片面地教语法。这是两个极端。语言的基本功能就是交际，就是用来交流思想和看法的，很难想象一个满口病句错句的人能把他自己的思想准确无误地表达出来。形式是为内容服务的，适当的语言形式(即语法)应在运用中、在篇章阅读中让学生不断体会，进行自我总结，再由老师简要归纳，最后为学生所掌握。

三、检测：

实施单元训练和月考制度。单元训练每单元学完进行一次，重点是对阅读理解、完形填空和写作的考查，测试时量不超过45分钟，题量为一张8开试卷纸(双面)。

四、专项突破

单项选择

1、这种题型知识面考查范围较宽,要通过上下文中的暗示,附加信息掌握语境,正确推测对话双方的关系,选择符合西方文化习俗的正确答语;

2、在题中加入插入语成分、或故意打破句子的结构和平衡、或故意前置增加迷惑性;

3、句子结构题:考查强调句型、倒装句型、省略句型;

4、习语搭配型:提高区别相近习语混淆的能力;

5、逻辑题型:考查上下文的逻辑关系,选择恰当的连词;

6、将基础的语法、时态融入特设的愈境中,这时附加信息对答案有直接的影响;

完型填空

完形填空实际上是从词汇、语法、篇章、语境和用英语思维等方面对学生进行综合考查。所以，应从以下三个方面入手训练学生做完形填空的思维能力和解题技巧：

1.充分利用首句信息，掌握文章大意;

2.利用同位结构、破折号、上下文对词汇、词组进行推测;

3.掌握全文基本时态;

4、利用语篇标志解题;

语篇标志即:表明语篇内在联系的词语。如表示结构层次的firstly ,secondly ,finally等;表示逻辑关系的thus, therefore, so ;表示改变话题的by the way ,on the contrary,;表示递进的besides, what’s more ,further等;表示时间的before, after, so far, meanwhile ,later等;

5.利用语法知识分析句子结构;

6.利用词性和词语辨析法来解题;

7.利用文化背景和生活常识解题。

高考完形填空所选文章都堪称精品，其逻辑必是上下贯通，其脉络也必是井然有序，令人信服。因此，做完完形填空以后，应从文章的内在逻辑入手，看所选答案是否经得起推敲，是否能自然融入整个语篇，如果有游离于文章主旨之外或与整篇文章的逻辑相矛盾的答案，就需要重新理解、修正。

阅读理解

阅读能力一直是高考英语测试的主题，完型填空题也是以阅读能力为基础的。因此，在平时的教学中，我们尽量采用整体教学法，注意培养学生的下列能力：

1.理解文章主旨大义的能力;

2.获取课文中重点细节的能力;

3.根据上下文、词缀推测生词词义的能力;

4.根据文章的内容和提供的线索做出简单判断和推理的能力;

5.理解文章基本结构和逻辑关系的能力;

6.理解作者基本意图和基本态度的能力;

7.分清文章中的事实和观点的能力;

8.理解指代关系的能力;

9.理解图表信息的能力;

10.预测下文的能力。

在进行专项复习中，让学生限时阅读，培养他们快速阅读的技巧。对于学生无法读懂的文章，采用泛读和精读相结合的办法，通过对语义的解析，使同学理解语篇。阅读训练的重点是主旨大意和推理能力的培养。同时，课外给学生一定的阅读量，使他们熟悉各种体裁的文章，提高阅读能力。同时注意文章的时效性，题材的多样化。特别关注人与人、人与自然的和谐，健康与饮食，环保与节能内容的文章。

短文改错

1、检查是否“三一致，”即：主谓一致，指代一致，时态一致;

2、平行结构的一致：由and,but 连接或是比较状语结构是否前后一致;是否该省略“to”;是否是并列谓语;

3、用词的准确性，是否夹杂了文化差异;

4、并列与转折：根据上下文，选择恰当的连词;

5、逻辑推理与语意呼应：上下文的语意是否一致;

6、介词、动词是否搭配一致;

7、冠词是否恰当，是不是零冠词;

8、形容词是否正确，是原级、比较级还是最高级;

9、名词的数与格;

10、注意隔行句(每行只有一个错);

书面表达

写作的过程与达标是一个渐进的过程。在高中的整个课文教学中，要求学生背诵每篇课文中的典型句式和表达好的句式。在高三的作文讲解中，也要重视对学生组句成文、文法知识、各种文体的行文方法的指导和对学生进行范文引导和习文点评。同时通过汉译英、词语造句的练习来强化学生对句法和文章结构的理解与认识。这样，学生在训练过程中逐步积累题型训练经验、获得答题技巧，提高语言交际运用能力。以下是注意事项：

1. 加强遣词造句的训练。把握五种基本句型结构，避免中式英语，力使句子语言生动、精练;

2. 练习篇章写作。循序渐进，仿写、改写、缩写、扩写，正确使用过渡词语;

3. 规范使用大小写和标点符号，避免非文字信息的丢分;

4. 注意人称、时态的一致和文章格式;

5. 学会审题，思路清晰，拟好提纲，避免要点错漏;

6. 字数适中，书写规范，卷面整洁。

五、考前训练

专项训练结束后，再进行NMET的适应性训练。训练学生审查试卷和填涂答题卡的习惯，养成良好的适应考试的能力，使学生在考试中能够发挥正常水平。时间分配上，建议单项选择用12分钟，完型填空用18分钟，阅读理解用40到45分钟，单词拼写和改错题用10分钟，写作(包括阅读填空)用25到30分钟，填涂答题卡用5分钟(建议每做完一个大题填涂一次，避免出错和没时间填涂)。

总之，高三的教学重点就在于通过第一轮对基础知识的系统复习、归纳、整理、深化，第二轮的专项训练和第三轮的模拟训练，完成由知识向应用能力的成功转化，使学生具备参加高考的能力和取胜的信心。

“主谓一致”与高考试题(人教版高三英语下册教学论文) 篇6

状语从句

1.时间状语从句。

引导时间状语从句的有：when, while, as, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as, no sooner…than…, hardly…when…等。

(1) When, while和 as

When既可引导一个持续动作，也可引导一个短暂动作，可用与主句和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作。while引导的从句中谓语动词必须是能够延续的动词，强调主句和从句动作的同时发生，往往侧重动作的持续性和对比性。如：While I was sitting there, he told me an interesting story.as用于引导“在某行为的继续中发生某事”的“继续之行为”，所以多与过去进行时连用。并常用来表示两种发展变化中的情况。

When they came home, I was cooking dinner.

She watched TV while (she was) eating.

As I was walking down the street, an American asked me for directions to the nearest station.

As the day went on, the weather got worse.

(2) 时间状语从句还有几个特殊的引导词。

如：every time, each time, next time, the day, the year, the minute, the moment 和副词immediately, directly, instantly等.

a.Every time I saw him, I would like to listen to his songs.

b.I came to the house the moment he was about to leave.

c.I recognized her the minute I saw her.

d. He left Europe the year World War II broke out.

e. My sister came directly(=as soon as) she got my message.

f. The machine will start instantly you press the button.

(3) since 和 before 的用法异同。

It is/ has been + some time+ since+ sb did sth.

It was / is / will be + some time+ before sb did/ do sth

It is just a week since we arrived here.

It’s a long time since I met you last.

How long is it since you were in Ningbo ?

It was years before I came back from abroad. It will be five years before we meet again.

It wasn’t long before he came back..

since 其后的动词不同,起算的时间也不同.

since + 瞬间动词过去式 (从该动作发生时算起)

since + 持续性动词的过去式 ( 从该动作结束时算起)

He worked very hard since he entered the factory.

We haven’t seen each other since I worked in the factory.

(从我不在厂工作以来……)

She has never been to visit me since I was ill. (病愈以来)

(4)till& until意义相同，多数情况下可换用，但用以强调，句首多用until;在强调结构或与not连用时多用until。例如：Nothing can be done till/ until the boss returns.

I waited for him until he came back.

He didn’t go to bed until he had finished the work.

Until we know the facts, we can’t do anything about it.

(5) no sooner…than, hardly…when和scarcely… before相当于as soon as之意, 其引导的从句中谓语动词要用 had done。当 hardly, scarcely和 no sooner置于句首时,语气较强, 主句的谓语要部分倒装. 例如:

We had hardly begun when we were told to stop.

Hardly had we begun when we were told to stop.

The spy had no sooner returned home than he was told to go to another country.

No sooner had the spy returned home than he was told to go to another country.

2. 地点状语从句由where或 wherever引导，在主句前，后均可.

where 表特指，wherever表泛指

I found the books where I left them.

Make a mark where you have any questions.

Wherever he happens to be, John can make himself at home.

(1) 地点状语从句在句首时常兼有抽象条件意味。如：

Where there’s a will, there’s a way.

Wherever there’s plenty of sun and rain, the fields are green.

(2) where引导的状语从句和定语从句的区别。Where引导地点状语从句直接修饰动词,而在定语从句中 where作为关系副词要跟在表示地点的先行词后面。 如：

Go back where you came from

Go back to the village where you came from.

Bamboo grows best where it’s wet and rainy.

Bamboo grows best in places where it’s wet and rainy.

3. 原因状语从句because, since, as, for,

because表直接的原因,语气最强.

since “既然”:一般放在句首,表已知的原因,全句重在交代结果,语气比because弱.

as 放在句首或句末,说明因果关系,语气较弱,重点在主句,译作“由于”for表间接原因，用来补述内容.放在主句后.语气最弱.

Since (As) it was raining, you ‘d better take a taxi.

Because he is ill, he is absent today.

He must be ill, for he is absent today.

As he is from the south, he is unaccustomed to the dry weather in Beijing.

在强调句型中,引导从句只能用because, 不能用 since或as.

It was because he was ill that he didn’t go with us.

4. 条件状语从句

引导词: if, unless, so/ as long as用一般现在时表示一般将来时

In case anything important happens, please call me up.

I’ll lend it to you as long as you handle it with care.

if only(要是…就好了; 但愿) 常表示愿望或一未实现的条件,尤用于感叹句.

If only he arrives in time!

If only I had met him earlier!

If only it would stop raining!

on condition(that)=provided (that) =providing (that) ( 假若; 倘使)

supposing (that) =if

You can go swimming on condition that you don’t go too far from the river bank.

I’ll go providing my wages are paid.

Supposing it rains tomorrow, what shall we do?

*在条件状语从句中,如果条件状语从句的主语同主句主语一致或是无人称代词, 从句的谓语动词或助动词 be, 可将从句的主语和动词 be一起省略.

If (it is) necessary, I’ll go with him.

If (it is) important, I’ll write this article.

目的和结果状语从句

目的:so that… in order that… ( 情态动词)

结果: so that, so/ such… thatHe studied even harder so that he might catch up with the top students in a possible short period.

He studied even harder so that he caught up with the other students.

He made a wrong decision, so that half of his lifetime was wasted.There are so many people in the room that we could’t get in.

方式状语从句

方式状语从句放在主句之后，用as, just as, as if, as though 等引导。

注意:

1) as 表行为方式

2) as if 引导的从句表示与事实相反或不可能实现时,从句用虚拟语气。

比较状语从句

引导词: than, as… as,

the more… the more…He didn’t do as much as he had

promised.

Now we can produce much more

steel than Japan.

The higher you stand, The farther you will see.

注意被比较的内容应一致

The weather here is hotter than that( = the weather) in your hometown.The girls in your class are more active than those in our class.