海外博士留学申请参考

2024-10-01

海外博士留学申请参考(精选7篇)

海外博士留学申请参考 篇1

Dear_,

I am planning to pursue graduate studies towards a Ph.D. degree at your school of engineering starting from the fall of .

My interest in the building structure can be traced back to my success in high school years, when I excelled my fellow classmates in physics and geometry. This not only fired off my interest in structural design but also helped to lay solid groundwork for my undergraduate studies in civil engineering, which heavily involved mechanics in physics and solid geometry.

With excellent scores in the compulsory national university entrance examination, I won acceptance in 1991 into the Beijing Polytech University, one of China’s top 10 engineering schools, particularly well-known for its structural engineering. For five years at this university, I received strict and thorough training in areas such as building structures, building materials. Soil mechanics and foundation, concrete and masonry structures, construction, steel structure and earthquake resistant structure. I also took every opportunity to participate in co-po work and projects commissioned by construction and design companies.

Opportunities abound for civil engineers and civil engineering students in China, which now houses the world’s fastest growing major economy. At every year’s job fair held on the campus of the Polytech University, more than 200 positions compete for 60-odd graduating students. Under such circumstances, undergraduate students in their fifth year are also in high demand for internship at various construction companies and design institutes. Virtually every student gets a full workload immediately upon starting the internship and assumes considerable responsibilities soon afterwards.

I became the luckiest among the lucky by winning a rare opportunity for any civil engineer: to participate in the design of the Beijing Western Railway Station, the largest urban structure in China up to date. This happened while I interned, along with five other schoolmates, at the Beijing Architectural Institute. This institute has designed virtually all the modern landmark buildings in China, including the famous Great Hall of the People and the Museum of Revolutionary History on the Tiananmen Square, the Beijing Railway Station and the Asian Games Village. It was on the strength of my academic merits that I got to enjoy these opportunities.

The Western station project in Beijing consisted of the mail hall (70,000 square meters), south wing building group (40,000 square meters) and north wing building group (35,000 square meters). My task was to assist in the design of a shopping centre in the south wing which had 16,000 square meters. I independently accomplished a quarter of the design for the whole building, mainly responsible for the foundation design, calculation and drawing of steel distribution of beam, floor, columns and concrete piles. I cherished this opportunity to apply the knowledge I had learned in the classroom to the real world problems and I worked with my utmost dedication.

I, however, soon found out that, even in this monumental project, design techniques applied in many cases left much to be desired. When treating the wind load, the earthquake force and the effect of frozen soil, historical data and intelligent estimates were used in place of accurate measuring. This phenomenon made me determined to improve my knowledge and skills in a graduate program that can teach sophisticated know-how, such as yours.

It regrettably turned out that the design of the mail hall was seriously flawed, which drew intense media attention nationwide. The structure sank two meters after completion. As experts continue to help the court determine who is responsible, I myself have been awed by this drama and kept researching it ever since it became known.

My tentative explanation, submitted to take into account the underground water’s power of buoyancy, even though the structure base was put below the waterbed. The structure floated until enough load was mounted. The proper construction method therefore should have involved artificial precipitation until the completion of structure.

Upon graduation in , I joined the Beijing Biggest Co., one of the four largest construction companies in China, and immediately took on management duties as an assistant manger at the construction site. I have supervised steel engineering, concrete engineering and platform engineering for there twenty-three story buildings in the Beijing DD residential area, a total of 60,000 square meters in apartments. In this capacity, I was compelled to learn management skills which had never been taught in the classroom. Although construction management is not what I foresee to be a lifetime pursuit, I executed my duty meticulously and creatively. I became the first construction site manager in the company to conduct experiments comparing box-weir maintenance and the traditional manual watering method. By using box-weir method, weak concrete and cracks in the concrete were eliminated. Through these important, albeit small, steps of improvement, I have derived immense satisfaction.

My vigorous academic training and exposure to intricate design problems and complex construction management issues has stood me in good stead professionally compared to my peers. My plan to further my career through advanced studies stems from self-confidence in my academic calibre and also a strong desire to solve design and construction problems encountered at work. I have researched your program based on the materials I have available to me and decided that advanced studies under your seasoned guidance will be a shortcut for me to reach my goal. I request that you give my application for admission and financial support favourable consideration.

Yours sincerely,

xuexila.com/shenqing

瑞士博士留学申请攻略

一、博士概述

PhD Program非常重视independent research,所以在招生上面,会对学生的学历有比较高的限制,需要拥有硕士的学历,如果是特别优秀的本科毕业生,可能会获取EPFL的破格录取。

而大家的学习时间长度也不会是固定的,主要是根据大家在学校内的研究确定,最短是三年,最长可能会需要五年,课程只是大家的一部分,大部分的时间是在实验和研究中。

二、留学形式

可以选择General PhDs,是大家比较熟悉的导师制的博士培养方式,可以很好地将重心但在研究生,自己会有比较高的自主权,这样能够更好的完成自己的学习目标。

而Structured PhDs,则是由企业和学校共同培养的方式,学校提供理论授课,企业提供实习岗位,大家的学习目的性会更加明确,大部分能够在完成学习后直接就业。

三、申请要求

这一阶段的招生,基本上都是由专业进行审核,尤其是教授的意见,发挥着非常大的影响,大家的准备,因为着眼于展示自己的学术和研究的能力,只有打动教授,才有机会入学。

需要大家完成硕士阶段的课程学习,并且保证自己的GPA达到3.0以上的分数,IELTS要有6.5-7.0或者提供TOEFL90-100分的成绩,GRE和GMAT的成绩也需要按照要求出示,最重要的是自己的研究计划。

四、授课语言

在语言的选择上,瑞士的高校提供给大家三种,包括有德语(63.7%)、法语(20.4%)、意语(6.3%),进入到博士阶段学习,大家至少还需要掌握一门德语或者法语,英语是最基础的。

五、留学优势

在瑞士读博的人,同时拥有学生和职员两种身份,而且大家申请的出国签证也是工作签证而不是留学签证,所以大家既能够享受身份学生的交通、就餐和各项消费福利,又能够获取合法的收入。

申请美国博士留学的条件

一、美国博士申请要求:成绩要求

1、GRE:GRE成绩对于博士申请是十分重要的,同时也是判断是否发放奖学金的一个标准。

2、GMAT:GMAT考试覆盖了所有商学专业内容,如管理工程、工商管理法及工商管理等。

二、美国博士申请要求:读博士时间

美国的读博时间根据不同专业而不同,最短的可以在两年结束,法学与医学则时间较长。一般博士第一年学习基础学科,之后进行实践课。

三、取得美国博士研究生学位的条件

1、完成指定的课程。

2、在规定年限内通过资格考核。

3、撰写论文/研究计划书,并取得论文导师批准。

4、开始进行研究并撰写论文。

5、呈交论文并通过论文答辩。

四、美国留学博士申请奖学金条件

博士奖学金较为丰富,大部分博士都可以得到奖学金,但并不是全额奖学金。

1、如果想申请全额奖学金,要进行详细的定位和评估,还要进行详细的个人经历审查。

2、申请奖学金和自身的硬件背景与软件背景都有关系,不是通过GRE分数就能够作出判断的。

3、理工类硕士与博士相比,奖学金的额度及种类都较少。所以博士奖学金比硕士奖学金较为好申请。

留英博士生奖学金申请经验

据英国《华闻周刊》消息,英国近日学费上涨问题已导致大批本土学生放弃进入大学学习,为了吸引秀的研究者,英国高校正努力加大奖学金发放力度。

根据《华闻周刊》采访调查得知,对于众多正在忐忑等待博士申请结果的学生来说,奖学金是尤为至关重要的。为此,记者特地采访了部分成功申请到奖学金的中国学生,为众多后来者提供参考。

在英国高校申请奖学金

没有想像得那么困难

“学校免掉了我的学费,并帮助我补上了本土学生和国际学生在学费上的差价,差不多有九千到一万镑,而生活费是由我的导师从项目资金中拨给我的,所有加起来一年差不多有2万5千镑吧。”在剑桥大学攻读最后一年材料工程博士项目的陈炳安向《华闻周刊》描述自己的奖学金情况。

他告诉记者,英国高校绝大多数的奖学金是仅单独提供给英国本地学生或是欧洲学生。即便牛津和剑桥一类的有很多私人奖学金提供给中国学生,更多的博士生还是通过导师的渠道接受资助。

陈炳安所在研究所的资金主要来源于与欧洲合作的项目,他建议想要申请奖学金的同学多与导师沟通,了解哪些项目资金比较充裕,即使不能申请到学校的奖学金,导师也可以从项目资金中拨一部分钱出来。

陈炳安同时提到,还有很大一部分学生是受中国国家奖学金资助来到英国学习的,他的同学李黄龙就是其中之一。

李黄龙是电子工程专业的一名博士生,今年是他来到剑桥大学的第三年。本科毕业于北京大学物理学院后,他通过北京大学的留学服务中心得知了中国留学基金委员会和剑桥大学联合资助的奖学金,在这项名为 “建设高水平大学”剑桥专项奖学金的全额资助下,他才得以来到英国最顶尖的学府进行深造。

“我每三个月会收到学校寄出的950镑的支票,学费则是由国家支付。”李黄龙表示对于国家奖学金的竞争并没有大家普遍认为的那么激烈,“其实申请并不是很难,当时很多同学认为美国的奖学金比较多,就去了美国,导致申请英国奖学金的很多名额空缺出来。”

接受国家奖学金资助的学生出国前都要签署一个合同,规定其在学业完成之后需回国服务两年。如果学生违约将受到一定程度的惩罚,其中包括支付120%的赔偿金。李黄龙说道:“如果在读完后继续申请博士后项目的话,可以申请一年到三年的延期,否则就要按照规定回国两年,而对两年之后的去向就没有什么硬性规定了。”

申请途径与评选标准

大多数英国高校的网站都会提供博士项目奖学金的细则,这也是最直接了解并申请奖学金的方式。

陈炳安认为,成绩固然是申请奖学金的“敲门砖”,然而英国高校更加注重多方面发展和相关操作经验。“成绩好代表了你具备研究的基本能力,而学校同样看重你是否有实习经验和课外活动的经历。同时一份有说服力的推荐信也很必要,在申请奖学金的时候往往要单独提交一份推荐信。”

今年夏天刚刚从卡迪夫大学建筑专业硕士毕业的张同学申请奖学金的情况有些特殊,作为一名中国学生,她占据了其他学生所没有的“优势”。卡迪夫大学建筑学院是BRE低碳环保项目的其中一个研究中心,近年来与中国企业的合作也在不断加强中。中国很多旧建筑在临近使用年急需进行环保改造,但却没有足够的知识和成熟的操作能力,而英国高校可以帮助提供一些咨询服务。

她说道:“我所申请的博士项目负责人,也就是我们的院长,与中国的联系交流很多。他需要经常跑北京、成都和康定,以往有一位同样来自中国的博士生做他的助理,现在那位博士生临近毕业。在所有奖学金申请者的其他条件都相仿的情况下,我的导师可能更偏向资助我吧。”

张同学在递交申请前与导师进行了长期的沟通和探讨,并根据导师所提出的项目做出了细致的研究并写出了具有研究潜力的计划书。她同时认为申请本校的博士也会占据一定的优势。

她认同陈炳安对于评审标准的观点,“我现在在等待我的硕士毕业论文成绩,这在一定程度上会影响到我是否可以成功拿到这份奖学金。而在推荐信方面,最了解你的老师写的推荐信往往是最有力的。”

她表示总体上讲,中国学生能够独享的奖学金种类并不多,需要通过自己去相关资助网站上查找,很多学生由于嫌麻烦或者不自信错失了这些机会。她认为英国高校不断加大对中国学生的资金帮助是一种积极地现象,也为更多优秀的学生提供了研究和发展的平台。

奖学金意味着什么

就读于伯明翰阿斯顿大学化学工程博士的杨扬明年四月就即将毕业了,他当初从伯明翰大学毕业后选择了排名并不靠前的阿斯顿大学,就是因为考虑到奖学金的因素。

“奖学金对我来说很重要,我希望可以自力更生,在经济上支持自己的学业,如果没有考虑经济上的因素的话,我可能会选择去更好的学校。”

陈炳安本科就读于帝国理工大学,在拿到帝国理工和剑桥大学两份Offer的时候,他毅然选择了有奖学金支持的剑桥大学。他告诉记者:“我来自广东,那边的人喜欢做生意,爸妈本来不同意我读博,而我本人也偏爱创业。之所以能继续做研究是因为我把读博士当成一份工作,而奖学金就是我的工资。”

各个专业奖学金分配的不同也会左右学生的研究方向。杨扬发现到工程科系的奖学金普遍较多,由于研究课题与企业项目直接挂钩而经费充足,企业也倾向于聘用高校的研究生来进行工作。反之,商科的研究生获得奖学金的机会就偏少,因为企业往往会找成熟的机构去做外包。

此外,很多学生在签证政策变化之后,很难通过觅得一份高薪工作从而继续留在英国。对于仍想留在这里感受英国文化和教育的学生,读博士也成为他们“曲线救国”的一种选择。

美国博士留学申请攻略 篇2

建议平均分不低于80分,也就是GPA不低于3.0

2、语言要求

美国的大部分大学对博士生申请者的语言最低要求是TOEFL不低于90。GRE和GMAT的要求与申请硕士不同,博士的申请者基本必须出示GRE或GMAT 成绩,成绩的好坏在申请中占有一定的分量,一般GRE在320以上或GMAT在680以上。有些院校对博士申请者的GRE或GMAT成绩有硬性规定。

3、软性背景要求

美国博士留学申请详细流程 篇3

有的学校提供固定财力证明表格以供申请人填写,家庭财力证明要附上银行存款人与申请人之间的关系证明。建议申请人提供的父母存款存期越久越好,这样能够证明申请人对于留学美国计划长久而充分。

(1)信用卡

网上申请和寄送GT成绩的时候会用到,最好提早办理。中国银行、招商银行、广发银行等都有相应的国际信用卡,建议办理VISA卡。

(2)经济担保

经济担保证明包括的经济来源:父母的收入证明,父母工作单位开(需要财物和劳务盖章)。个人/家庭存款、不动产证明、奖学金、助学金等。在申请的过程中一般不需要提供原始的单据。

荷兰博士留学申请书2022 篇4

荷兰博士留学申请书2022最新

Dear _,

I am planning to pursue graduate studies towards a Ph.D. degree at your school of engineering starting from the fall of .

My interest in the building structure can be traced back to my success in high school years, when I excelled my fellow classmates in physics and geometry. This not only fired off my interest in structural design but also helped to lay solid groundwork for my undergraduate studies in civil engineering, which heavily involved mechanics in physics and solid geometry.

With excellent scores in the compulsory national university entrance examination, I won acceptance in 1991 into the Beijing Polytech University, one of China’s top 10 engineering schools, particularly well-known for its structural engineering. For five years at this university, I received strict and thorough training in areas such as building structures, building materials. Soil mechanics and foundation, concrete and masonry structures, construction, steel structure and earthquake resistant structure. I also took every opportunity to participate in co-po work and projects commissioned by construction and design companies.

Opportunities abound for civil engineers and civil engineering students in China, which now houses the world’s fastest growing major economy. At every year’s job fair held on the campus of the Polytech University, more than 200 positions compete for 60-odd graduating students. Under such circumstances, undergraduate students in their fifth year are also in high demand for internship at various construction companies and design institutes. Virtually every student gets a full workload immediately upon starting the internship and assumes considerable responsibilities soon afterwards.

I became the luckiest among the lucky by winning a rare opportunity for any civil engineer: to participate in the design of the Beijing Western Railway Station, the largest urban structure in China up to date. This happened while I interned, along with five other schoolmates, at the Beijing Architectural Institute. This institute has designed virtually all the modern landmark buildings in China, including the famous Great Hall of the People and the Museum of Revolutionary History on the Tiananmen Square, the Beijing Railway Station and the Asian Games Village. It was on the strength of my academic merits that I got to enjoy these opportunities.

The Western station project in Beijing consisted of the mail hall (70,000 square meters), south wing building group (40,000 square meters) and north wing building group (35,000 square meters). My task was to assist in the design of a shopping centre in the south wing which had 16,000 square meters. I independently accomplished a quarter of the design for the whole building, mainly responsible for the foundation design, calculation and drawing of steel distribution of beam, floor, columns and concrete piles. I cherished this opportunity to apply the knowledge I had learned in the classroom to the real world problems and I worked with my utmost dedication.

I, however, soon found out that, even in this monumental project, design techniques applied in many cases left much to be desired. When treating the wind load, the earthquake force and the effect of frozen soil, historical data and intelligent estimates were used in place of accurate measuring. This phenomenon made me determined to improve my knowledge and skills in a graduate program that can teach sophisticated know-how, such as yours. It regrettably turned out that the design of the mail hall was seriously flawed, which drew intense media attention nationwide. The structure sank two meters after completion. As experts continue to help the court determine who is responsible, I myself have been awed by this drama and kept researching it ever since it became known.

My tentative explanation, submitted to take into account the underground water’s power of buoyancy, even though the structure base was put below the waterbed. The structure floated until enough load was mounted. The proper construction method therefore should have involved artificial precipitation until the completion of structure.

Upon graduation in , I joined the Beijing Biggest Co., one of the four largest construction companies in China, and immediately took on management duties as an assistant manger at the construction site. I have supervised steel engineering, concrete engineering and platform engineering for there twenty-three story buildings in the Beijing DD residential area, a total of 60,000 square meters in apartments. In this capacity, I was compelled to learn management skills which had never been taught in the classroom. Although construction management is not what I foresee to be a lifetime pursuit, I executed my duty meticulously and creatively. I became the first construction site manager in the company to conduct experiments comparing box-weir maintenance and the traditional manual watering method. By using box-weir method, weak concrete and cracks in the concrete were eliminated. Through these important, albeit small, steps of improvement, I have derived immense satisfaction.

My vigorous academic training and exposure to intricate design problems and complex construction management issues has stood me in good stead professionally compared to my peers. My plan to further my career through advanced studies stems from self-confidence in my academic calibre and also a strong desire to solve design and construction problems encountered at work. I have researched your program based on the materials I have available to me and decided that advanced studies under your seasoned guidance will be a shortcut for me to reach my goal. I request that you give my application for admission and financial support favourable consideration.

Yours sincerely,

xuexila

荷兰留学优秀大学申请条件

1、乌特勒支大学申请条件

申请条件:大四在读或本科学位相关专业毕业;雅思成绩6.5分以上(写作最低6.0分);大学平均成绩75分以上。

2、莱顿大学申请条件

本科申请条件:IELTS平均分数6.0,其中写作部分不得低于6.0;TOEFL成绩不低于520-575,其中写作成绩为5(笔试),或190-233,写作不低于4(机试),具体分数要求视申请的课程而定;

硕士申请条件:IELTS平均分数6.5,其中各项的分数都不得低于6.0;TOEFL成绩不低于575,其中写作成绩为5(笔试),或233(机试)等;

3、格罗宁根大学申请条件

本科申请条件:高中毕业学历;IELTS6.0(各单项不低于5.5)

硕士申请条件:学士学位;语言要求IELTS6.0(各单项不低于6.0);

4、内梅亨大学申请条件

本科申请条件:正规院校毕业,具有高中毕业证及成绩;雅思要求6.0及其以上;

硕士入学要求:本科学位,平均成绩在75分以上;雅思6.5-7.0;

5、阿姆斯特丹大学申请条件

本科申请条件:要求大学在读,雅思6.0-6.5

硕士申请条件:本科毕业,获得学士学位,平均成绩75分以上!雅思6.5分以上!

申请荷兰留学需要知道的事项

1、荷兰的国际高等教育大部分是英文授课,而且荷兰是世界上非英语地区里英语普及率的地区之一,所以去荷兰留学和生活,学英语足够了,并且商业类和国际法这些国际性比较强的专业,当地就业对荷兰语依赖并没有那么强,但是技术性比较强的专业,想要在当地就业,或者以后申请移民,荷兰语还是必修的语言。

2、荷兰大学目前对中国学生的申请者认可的语言考试,雅思和托福都可以使用,同学们可以根据自己的考试习惯,来选择用雅思还是托福来申请。

3、跟其他欧洲大陆国家一样,荷兰的硕士需要看本科的课程背景,不允许跨专业申请。的例外是一些大学的商业管理类专业,以及独立商学院的商科专业,学生GMAT分数达标,可以弱化对本科背景的要求。

4、荷兰大学的申请截止日期是4月份到5月份,开放申请在前一年的10月份,所以不要幻想着入学当年4、5月份再申请了,来不及的。

5、荷兰大学按照培养模式分为研究型大学(U类)和应用型大学(H类),两种大学都颁发本科和硕士文凭,在学位上没有任何的区别,并非某些对荷兰不了解的申请者理解的本科和专科的区别。研究型大学更注重对学生学术能力和思维方式的培养,适合研究生申请者以及国内高考取得二本以上的成绩,想在学术上继续深造的学生申请。应用型大学与当地企业联系比较紧密,更注重对学生实际工作能力和解决问题的能力培养,适合不想在国内参加高考或读本科,想在荷兰当地就业甚至移民的申请者。二者都是正常本科,区别只在于教学模式和学制。

荷兰历史最悠久的大学——莱顿大学。一共培养了14位诺贝尔奖获得者。知友包括曼德拉,爱因斯坦,丘吉尔

6、荷兰每年的学费加生活费,本科大约15-17万人民币,硕士差不多18到22万人民币。学习长度:U类本科一共3年,H类本科一共4年(有一年实习期),商科、人文社科和法律专业硕士一年,工科、自然科学和医学专业硕士两年。

7、荷兰并非像传说中的那样无法移民,实际上学生毕业之后也可以通过工作来移民。荷兰毕业后有一年的“找工作签证“(Zoak Jaar),这一年的时间毕业证可以在荷兰合法求职。如果能够与用人单位签订正式合同,可以延长居留时间,直至拿到永久居留。

8、荷兰属于申根国,拿到荷兰留学签证,可以在欧洲其他申根国自由旅行。个别景点凭学生居留还可以免费参观,比如卢浮宫,巴黎圣母院。

9、荷兰的毒品没有传说中的那么夸张,只有大麻是合法的,但也不是超市里随处都能买到的,只能凭护照到特殊商店才能购买,并且还要登记,每个人的持有量也是有严格规定的。所以只要你不主动去接触,被动接触到大麻的几率并没有那么大。

海外博士留学申请参考 篇5

马来西亚留学博士申请条件

一、学位要求:

去马来西亚读书要求很低,中国学生高二以上学历,会考或毕业平均成绩在75分以上即可前往马来西亚攻读学士学位;三年制大专生可直接攻读硕士学位。如果要读MBA,则本科毕业生需要2年工作经验,大专需要5年工作经验。

二、学位语言要求:

对于欲攻读学士学位者,如TOEFL达不到550分,要先读语言班;欲攻读硕士和博士学位者,TOEFL要求在570-600,如达不到,也可以先读语言班。

三、费用要求:

马来西亚学士课程为三年制,每年学费,生活费约为5万人民币;硕士课程含语言培训为1年半,全部学费,生活费共需10万人民币。

四、申请材料:

1、留学生本人的有效护照;

2、留学生本人的护照照片3张;

3、留学生所申请的马来西亚大学寄来的录取通知书或入学通知书的复印件;

4、留学生的出生证明,证明需经过公证部门的公证及外交部驻华使馆的认证;

5、留学生的学历证明,证明需经过公证部门的公证及外交部驻华使馆的认证;

6、留学生的成绩证明,证明需经过公证部门的公证及外交部驻华使馆的认证;

7、留学生的个人简历表2份,简历表需要到马来西亚驻华大使馆统一领取;

8、马来西亚教育部门的批准书;

9、留学生如果已经成功申请了马来西亚大学的奖学金,则需要提供奖学金证明;

10、留学生所申请的学校如果要求留学生通过语言考试,则需要提供语言考试成绩证明;

11、留学生的经济担保证明,如果留学生是自己进行担保,则需要出具在权威银行存款的存款证明。

马来西亚留学机票购买指南

一、购票时间

基本上大家拿到了学校的offer,确认了录取之后,就可以开始看机票了,因为开学的时间会直接随通知书告知,大家出发的时间基本上可以确认下来,只需要对比票价即可。

国内有不少订票网站,提供跨国机票的预定,大家可以同时打开进行票价的对比,但是选择网站的时候一定要选有资质的,如果不放心的话,可以直接去预订。

二、直飞地点

国内开通了直飞的航班的城市非常多,区别在于航班的班次多少,目前除了北上广深之外,重庆、成都、西安、天津、武汉、昆明等地,都有直飞的航班。

大家在选择的时候,首选当然是离自己近的机场,然后再对比价格,大家需要提前做好出行的功课,才可以避免意外情况。

三、落地机场

一般选择的目的地是吉隆坡,这里目前有三个机场,均是大型的国际机场,每天的客流量都非常大,配套的服务设施也比较齐全,从国内飞过去的航班也比较多。

大家挑选的时候,首选的自然是价格,那个便宜选哪个;然后是离学校的远近,距离越近越省事;大家在出国之前,可以预约一个接机的服务,可以节省不少的时间。

四、行李额度

订好了机票之后,大家还需要特别注意自己订购的仓位允许携带的行李额度和规格,千万不要超过了要求,不然会面临罚款,或者出钱购买额外的额度,不然就要扔东西。

一般大家会选择经济舱,前往大码的航班,要求行李箱的规则要在20x40x55cm,重量不能够超过20kg,贵重物品和电子产品需要随身携带,不允许携带开封的商品。

马来西亚留学货币兑换指南

一、国内兑换

在国内兑换是最省钱,而且最方便的方式,但是从国内带出去的货币金额有限制,所以大家只能够按照要求来准备现金,不能够超过额度。

由于林吉特不是常用储备外币,所以一般的银行内很有可能不会有足够的货币储备,如果要求银行兑换,那么可以提前一天与银行取得联系进行预约。

此外,在国内也有一些民间换汇的机构,会更加方便一些,但是这些机构的风险性会比较大,为了自己的财产安全,大家不要选择他们。

二、当地兑换

1.银行

当然即便你在国内兑换再多的林吉特,到了马来西亚之后,还是会有用光的一天,所以掌握在马来西亚换回的技巧,也是非常重要的。

可以选择直接在ATM上取现金,这样的好处就是方便快捷,但是取款需要支付一笔不便宜的手续费;如果去柜台排队领取的话,手续费会相对便宜一些。

2.外币兑换处

当然大家还可以去专门的兑换点进行兑换,马来西亚这样的机构有很多,而且比国内要正式得多,大家可以放心大胆的进行交易,当然最重要的,还是要保留警惕心。

德国留学 申请博士学位那点事 篇6

德国留学 申请博士学位那点事

“近日,德国联邦教科部部长因被剥夺博士学位辞职,引发国际关注。国际学生在德国博士学位获得者中的占比高达15%左右。这一事件对有意申请德国博士学位的国际学生有何启示?”

一、德国联邦教科部易主事件让人反思

德国联邦教科部2月14日易主,起因是执掌该部长达7年之久的夏凡(Annette Schavan,又译沙宛)于2月5日被杜塞尔多夫大学剥夺1980年授予的博士学位。尽管她已于2月20日向当地行政法院提起诉讼,此事件由此进入司法程序。但是,为了维护联邦教科部部长岗位的神圣性,她于2月9日毅然宣布辞职,以自然人的身份投入司法大战。此事件似曾相识。2011年,因博士论文被定性为剽窃并被剥夺博士学位,时任德国联邦国防部部长古滕贝格男爵和时任欧洲议会副议长兼德国自由民主党欧洲议会党团主席科赫-梅林相继黯然引退。而此次,涉案者不仅是德国高层政要,且掌控全国学术大权,人们不禁拷问德国的深厚学术传统与严谨的学术作风。时过境迁,物是人非乎?

德国博士学位的声誉是否因而遭遇重创,尚难以断言。外国学子占德国高校各类学位获得者的比率约为10%,在博士学位获得者中的占比却高达15%左右。在8600万人口的德国,攻博意愿高涨是不言自明的事实。2011年在德国获取博士学位的高达26981人,前年为25629人。2000年以来,这个数字基本上保持在25000人的高位,而在半个世纪前,联邦德国每年颁授的博士学位仅6000个左右。如今,1/5的联邦议员和一半的企业董事长拥有博士学位。

二、不存在的博士培养最优模式

资料来源:教育优选 http:///

最权威的国际教育服务平台

对博士学位如此趋之若鹜,只是因为博士学位的授予在德国犹如重生,自那天起,正式场合的称谓必须冠以博士头衔,就连包括身份证在内的所有个人证件一律改换,“博士”成为个人姓名的组成部分。古滕贝格案发之后,绿党于2011年年底向联邦议会递交提案,以取缔将“博士”纳入个人证件。2007年,联邦内务部就身份证改革也有类似考虑。但屡次尝试均不了了之,因为“德意志是以教育为本的民族”,这是“颁给平民的爵位”。

事实上,“26981”只是在2011年成功获取博士学位的人数,至于有多少博士生折戟沙场,无人知晓。去年年底,隶属于联邦教科部的高校信息中心(HIS)发布一项调查结果,四成博士生考虑过中断博士学习。受访的2850位博士生,其中将近半数把怀疑自己的攻博能力视作中断学业的动机,1/3归因于导师指导欠佳。经济因素只排在第7位,但攻博3年以上再考虑放弃的博士生大都出于奖学金资助期截止。当然,家庭是个重要考量。子女教育与抚养对于61%的女性博士生来说是辍学的先决条件,这在男性博士生中仅占37%。此项调查覆盖德国高校四类博士生:纳入官方博士生培养计划或学校研究生院;身为高校科研人员;作为导师科研项目的成员;“散兵游勇”。这同时折射四类博士培养模式:多导师跨学科式、学科攻坚式、雇佣式和师徒传授式。报告认为,不存在博士培养最优模式。

宽进严出固然是一种质量控制手段,问题在于,博士生人数对于德国高校而言简直是一个黑箱,学校对此几乎一无所知:注册与否?导师是谁?选题为何?进度怎样?在这个善于精确统计的国度,此现象的存在甚为蹊跷。在科研信息与质量保障研究院去年11月召开的一次研讨会上,与会专家得出结论:博士生在德国高校没有独立的身份,要是不去申请学位,他们永不浮现。此乃历史遗留现象。目前,已有多所高校推出应对举措。比如耶拿大学3年前引入名为“doc-in”的数字化博士生档案管理系统。

三、讲座制教授制度

无论是博士生档案管理的缺位还是博士学位论文评分的差异,均凸显德国高校的一大传统——讲座制教授,德国古典大学亦称为讲座制教授大学。讲座制教授制度以《基本法》中的“学术自由”为依傍,合法地抵御各种介入或干预,包括行政与司法,每个教授事实上打造

资料来源:教育优选 http:///

最权威的国际教育服务平台

各自的“专业小诸侯国”。讲座制教授一方面成为懒散的温床,没有创造力或根本没有工作欲望的教授在德国高校并非个别现象,且渐成顽症,2007年,两位教授出版《“恶行”教授:高校幕后的懒散》一书,对上述现象给予无情的揭露。另一方面,教授之间为捍卫既得利益而达成的“互为忍让法则”之类盲目的团结精神,虽然避免了任何不利于某个教授的改革举措,但同时也阻碍教授间与学科间的合作。在社会学家卢曼(Niklas Luhmann)看来,任何试图以行政手段来修正这种“学术个人主义”的措施均为徒劳。

正因为讲座制教授制度,夏凡的博士学位论文所存在的问题(主要是引用不规范)未能被及时发现并更正;正因为学术自由,杜塞尔多夫大学可以置任何质疑于不顾,对夏凡的博士学位论文展开的鉴定与判决均在校内实施,剥夺博士学位的权利也永不会失效。古滕贝格事发以后,德国国家学术委员会于 2011年11月出台题为《对攻博质量保障的要求》的文件,包括博士生指导、评分标准以及应对学术不轨。其中有这样一句话:“如果学术(指高校)对自身的质量与评价准则拥有足够的信心,那么,它可以为必要的自由抵制强大的外部检测与标准制定,以捍卫自身的质量与评价准则。”就此,法学家认定,夏凡此番行政诉讼必败无疑。

就古滕贝格案例,夏凡在位时曾说道:“无论如何我知道,每个多年致力于博士学位论文的人都会迷失其间。”德国的学术体制绝不允许丝毫迷失,对种种迷失的追击,无论对象如何位高,无论陈年往事如何久远。

博士研究生留学申请书常用 篇7

Dear _,

When_, my motherland, is mentioned anywhere in the world, people will naturally awaken association with the exquisite and beautiful chinaware made in China, the country that enjoys a history of porcelain production one thousand years earlier than other countries and a reputation for her elevated art and remarkable craftsmanship. European people attempted at any cost to acquire the technology of porcelain making and at last achieved the satisfaction of this goal from a priest named Francois-Xavier D’Entrecolles, thus the present variety and brilliance of chinaware in both China and the West. Nevertheless, in an era of electronics and information today, China has fell far behind the advanced countries in the field of information materials science and engineering, in its research and application as well. As a graduate majored in physics and technology of electronic thin films, I am eager to trace the footprints of Francois-Xavier D’Entrecolles so as to bring the advanced technology of material engineering to China by means of studying in your prestigious university for Ph.D. program in the area of material engineering, realizing my dream of being a useful scholar to my motherland.

University of _ is a world-famous university and especially well-known for her intellectual strength in the area of material engineering with her irresistible magnetic power pulling excellent students from all over the world to her. Therefore I justify clear realization of the sharp competition I am confronted with. But with a fine background of education in specialty, a firm foundation in theoretical study, the practical skill in experiment, and the cultured ability to engage myself in independent research work, I have the confidence to meet the challenge from other rival applicants.

In University of _ of China, which enrolls brilliant students from various areas in China with her strength in the area of material science, I accomplished my undergraduate study in the specialty of magnetic materials and components and my graduate study in physics and technology of electronic thin films, in the period of which I kept to be the top student in my class and was awarded the school fellowship every year. I was elected “Graduate with Merit” of my university upon graduation.

Benefiting from the strict training in my university, I gained fair acquaintance with the knowledge and theories in my specialty. Meanwhile, I read various journals and magazines at home and abroad, following the footsteps of the development of new theories and technology. I tried my best to participate in possible experimental work and research work, cultivate my skills in the use, maintenance, and modification of vacuum-evaporation equipment and pulse-laser- deposition equipment, and attend academic workshops and symposiums. The modulation rate of the BST voltage controlled thin film variable capacitor I produced reaches the level of 80%, approximate to the highest level in record so far.

My achievement was highly appreciated by relevant scholars and specialists and I have been invited to participate in various programs experiments. As a result of my persistent effort, I have published “BST Voltage Controlled Microwave Electronic Components” and “STO Pulse-Laser-Deposition Growth of Thin Film” respectively on such kernel academic journals as _ in China, the former article being praised by relevant specialists as “assuming the function of guidance to the application research on BST thin film in China.”

Based upon the confidence of my theoretical background and research capacity, I chose the topic “Production of High-frequency Composite” for my Bachelor’s thesis. On the basis of extensive collection and absorbing of the recent information on magnetic materials and components, I decided to do my research on the project of compounding Co2Z material by applying Y2O3 and Sr2+ and adopting pre-processing technology, in addition to the control of working procedure and temperature point. In consequence, the improvement of magnetic property of the material. In the oral defense of my thesis, the present specialists concluded that the research, measuring high academic significance, was novel in topic selection, logical in argument, and creative in idea. My Bachelor’s thesis was chosen as “Excellent Thesis” of the university through critical assessment.

At present, I am busy with my Master’s thesis “Au/BST/YBCO Ferro-electro Thin Film Voltage Controlled Components.” There exists a great difference between China and Western countries in experimental conditions with regard to BST thin film materials and we cannot produce desirable microwave components with available references nowadays. But the RMS on the surface of the BST thin film I designed and produced is of merely several angstroms , the modulation rate 80%, and the power loss 4‰, which satisfies the need of microwave component production. This achievement is at forefront in China at present.

During this period of study and research, I have deeply felt that my country falls far behind the advanced countries in the area of materials science and an intense need to study the advanced theories and technology in the fullest enforced academic institute. Thus I select University of _ where I believe I can realize my dream. In addition to the unparalleled strength in the area of materials science and technology, University of _ boasts the international background with scholars and students from different regions all over the world, the congenial atmosphere of academic research, and the systematic cultivation of creativity in her students. I am eager to enjoy an opportunity to enrich myself from this valuable academic nutrition and at the same time I hope, on the premise of the improvement of my theoretical construction and of my experimental capacity, to give full play to my initiative and potential strength and in this way to contribute my intelligence to University of _ -+in the participation in relevant research projects.

Yours sincerely,

xuexila.com/shenqing

澳大利亚留学硕士及博士申请优势解读

澳大利亚的学位分为四级:学士、荣誉学士、授课式硕士、研究式硕士和博士。博士生培养是澳大利亚学位教育中的层次,被视为国家创新体系的重要组成部分。长期以来,澳大利亚大学拥有相对自主的办学权利,学校可以根据自身的条件自主开设研究式硕士和博士生课程、培养研究式硕士和博士生并授予研究式硕士和博士学位。

但是,在高等教育国际化程度越来越高的今天,为了提高澳大利亚高等教育在世界教育服务市场中的地位和教育服务贸易的竞争力,确保本国学位与研究生教育的声誉,澳大利亚越来越重视从整体上调整研究式硕士和博士生培养的规范,提高研究式硕士和博士生培养质量。

如今去澳洲读研究式硕士和博士的优势越来越明显,办理签证的条件越来越宽松:例如:签证风险等级从LEVEL3降为LEVEL2,担保金只要求提供一年的学费、生活费和旅行费没有存期要求,如果配偶陪读则需要再提供配偶一年的生活费和旅行费也没有存期要求;研究式硕士和博士在读可以申请配偶陪读,配偶在陪读期间可以每周打工20小时,研究式硕士和博士也可以申请两周打工40小时;研究式硕士和博士毕业后可以获得3-4年工签;这为研究式硕士和博士毕业后工作和移民打下了很好的基础。

去澳大利亚先留学后移民的两条捷径介绍

澳洲的大学每年给中国留学生的奖学金很大一部分都给了30多岁的、在国内有很好研究经历及研究成果的、来澳洲攻读研究式硕士和博士学位的所谓“牛人”。以上是到大利亚留学硕士及博士申请概述。希望能给赴澳大利亚留学的学子带来福音。

澳大利亚留学博士申请问题解答

申请澳洲国立大学博士提供的成绩单还有学位证都要翻译成英文的吗?offer之后的奖学金,哪些文件要本科或者研究生学校提供的?学位证还有毕业证以及成绩单去盖章,是要我们学院研究生处的章就可以吗?还是要到学校那边去盖章?需不需要公证?

澳大利亚留学专家:

提供的材料需要找正规的翻译翻译成英文并盖章,澳大利亚NAATI认可的3级(专业级)翻译在澳大利亚是认可的,收费大致是普通证件几十澳币,成绩单要贵些。

奖学金问题的话,你可以看看申请表里面是否有类似于“Doyouwanttoapplyforscholarship?ifyes,pleasattachtheapplicationform”。如果有的话,就勾选。如果没有,则需要去ANU查找一下是否有scholorship的申请表,具体需要的材料与offer申请类似,注意寻找一些相关领域学术界的推荐信以及ps一起附上去。

国内比较好的大学内部都有自身的翻译配套机构,就是为留学生提供此类服务的,盖此相应部门的公章即可。具体到你的例子,研究生处的公章一般也是认可的,如果能把译文放在学校函头纸(如配有中英文的函头纸,则很标准)下面开立翻译,则认可度更高。公证一般是不需要的,但如果学校不提供此项服务,则去公证处办理。

日本博士奖学金申请条件介绍

一直以来,日本以美丽的富士山,高耸的东京铁塔,先进的数码科技,独特的相扑文化、茶道、茶花艺术等吸引了世界各地大量的游客,同时日本的高等教育也吸引一大批优秀的留学生前往深造。那么,日本博士奖学金的情况如何呢?

首先一定要主动联系,日本博士奖学金竞争较为激烈,日本奖学金的受理部门的工作人员不会主动的去联络申请人。如果留学生将申请的奖学金的资料提交后,只是等待申请结果,就会白白错过。资深日本留学中介金吉列出国留学专家认为:只有主动和奖学金的申请部门联系,及时了解是否需要补充与递交材料,或针对某些的情况的进行补充说明,才能真正的掌握奖学金的申请进展情况,这样做可以增加申请的成功几率。

第二点要及时要联系自己的学部长,日本的学校普遍认为只有校内的学部长或者以上级别的人员,才有资格进行评定的申请人在学术上的能力,并就此作为评定标准,去评定留学生的水平是否达到了奖学金的标准。

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