中考英语九年级上册课内短语训练

2024-07-31

中考英语九年级上册课内短语训练(共6篇)

中考英语九年级上册课内短语训练 篇1

中考英语九年级上册课内短语训练

九上课内短语:

1、他有多年的历史了。

Itis 2000years old.

2、它为数百万的中国人发电。

Itproduces electricity for people in china.

3、我下车穿过一扇门,沿着一条黑暗的小路往前走

Igot out of the car, a gate and walked along a darkpath.

4. 在我前面很远的地方,地面下沉到一条河里。

Farbelow me , the ground and down to a river..

5. 从那以后,人们开始庆祝国庆节。

Peoplehave celebrated the National Day .

6. 孩子们,玩的开心!

Kids, !

7. 她再次努力工作。

she worked hard.

8. 无论她做什么都从不放弃。

Whatevershe does , she never .

9. 他来到中国帮助中国人民并且为了他们而死。

Hecame to china to help the Chinese people and them.

10.最后,他因伤离世。

Inthe end, he his wounded.

11.给我发短息。

Sendme a .

12.关上电视。

the TV.

13.尽管我的父母离开我非常担心,但是他们不得不出差离开几天。

Althoughmy parents were every leaving me, they had to go away fora few days.

14.第二天早上,我起(醒来)得很晚。Thenext morning, I late.

15.老师和我要作业,但是我不能上交。

Theteacher asked me for my homework, but I could not it .

16.大明又遇到麻烦了。

Damingis again.

17.孩子,难道你们没有看到“禁止入内”这个标志么。

Can’tyou see the sign , kids” “ !”

18.那样不合适吧。

That’s .

19.难怪这个地方是空的。

the place is empty.

20.如果你将过去的医学和现在的比较一下,你下次去就会觉得非常幸运了。

Ifyou the medicine of thepast the medicine oftoday, you will feel very luck next time you visit a doctor.

21..自然科学博物馆对各个年龄段的都是很有趣的。

TheScience Museum is interesting for people of .

22.如果你去做其他事情而不是写作业,你就没有时间学习。

Ifyour do all other things your homework, you won’t have time to study.

23.抱歉,这是我最终的决定。

I’msorry, but that’s my .

24.上周,我朋友大卫带一个电脑游戏来我家,并且要在我父亲的电脑上玩这个游戏。

Lastweek, my friend David with a new computer game and asked to play iton my father’s computer.

25.我爸爸恰好不在,我们决定试一下大卫的游戏。

Whilemy father was out ,we decided to David’s game.

26.他不再能从电脑发现任何文件。

Hecould find the documents any where.

27.如果你现在告诉他真相,他或许会对你生气,但是至少你显示了你的诚实。

Ifyou tell him the truth now, he will be angry with you, but you will show that you are honest.

28.莎士比亚的戏剧现在对我们来说也仍然有意义。

Shakespeare’splays also a lot of to us today.

29.他和他最好的朋友哈克·芬思,跑到了密西西比河中部的一个岛上。

Heand his best friend , Huck Finn , to an island in the middle of theMississippi River.

30.它讲述了年轻人如何成长,人们如何比此关爱,以及破坏人如何为他们的行为付出代价的故事。

It tells how young people grow, howpeople love each other and how bad people their actions.

31.HAS代表什么?Whatdoes HAS ?

32.不可能,今年你们与HAS队打了多少场比赛?

!How many matches have you played against HASthis year?

33.期初,刘翔被鼓励去跳高。

Liuwas encouraged at first to train for the .

34.从开始,他饱受腿伤的折磨,但是他没有放弃。

From2008 on , he a lot his foot problem , but he didn’t .

35.尽管他错过了一些比赛,但是在,他仍然重返110米跨栏赛场,并获得第一名的位置。

Thoughhe missed some competitions , he still returned

to in the world 110m hurdles race in .

36.很遗憾,脚伤阻止了他完成20伦敦奥运会。

It’sa pity that his foot problem him ( ) completing the 2012 London Olympic Games.

37.但是他仍然是勇气和成功的象征,并且我们继续为他而感到自豪。

Buthe is still a symbol of courage and success , and we continue

to great inhim.

38.他们将公布在学习网站上。

They’llbe on the school website.

39.一些是好几千页的巨型书。Some were huge ones with pages.

40.每晚,我妈妈都浏览杂志。

Everyevening , my mother magazines at home.

41.在那个年代书都是每次用手工制作一本。

Inthose days, books were only produced one at a time .

42.在某种程度上,我们可以把纸盒印刷术的发明与20世纪因特网的引入相媲美。

Ina way ,we can theinvention of paper and printing the introduction of the Internet inthe twentieth century.

43.根据当地人们所说,这是一个特殊而神奇的地方。

the local people , it’s a special andmagical place.

44.他们戴着苍蝇远离的帽子。

Theywear special hats that the flies .

45.他们拿着剪刀并且用他们把羊毛从羊身上剪下来。

Thescissors that there’re holding and used to the wool the sheep.

46.你在那的时候,写日记吗?

Didyou while you were here?

47.我们不得不把他们从衣服上刷掉,尤其是我的裤子。

Ihad to them my clothes , especially mytrousers!

48.我是对此感到惊奇的是它到底有多大,3.6千米长,348米高。

Iwas how big it was 3.6 kilometers longand 348 meters high.

49.他像一个巨大的帆船,三面环水。

It’slike huge with water on the sides.

50.当然了。

!

51.今晚,我非常高兴的来宣读这次摄影比赛的获胜者。

TonightI am more than happy to the winners of the photo competition.

52.与往年相比,我们收到更多的照片。

other years , we received many morephotos.

53.那是一位穿着衬衫和短裙,且还在保护她书包不被雨淋的美丽女孩。

Itis a beautiful girl who is wearing a blouse and skirt, and who

is her books the showers..

54.你把垃圾分类为可以回收利用和丢弃的吗?

Doyou divide the waste into things to recycle and things to .

55.我们每年扔掉许多垃圾我们必须改变。

Wethrow rubbish away each year , and we haveto make a change.

中考英语九年级上册课内短语训练 篇2

仁爱版九年级英语上册词汇及短语汇总(英译汉)

Unit 1 Topic 1 1.social ______________ 2.granny ______________ 3.quick ______________ 4.already ______________ 5.progress ______________ 6.succeed ______________ 7.describe ______________ 8.education ______________ 9.chairwoman ______________ 10.proper ______________ 11.communication ______________ 12.rope ______________ 13.composition ______________ 14.tool ______________ 15.consider ______________ 16.war ______________ 17.note ______________ 18.shut ______________ 19.bell ______________ 20.sort ______________ Unit 1 Topic 2 1.probably ______________ 2.excellent ______________ 3.percent ______________ 4.population ______________ 5.market ______________ 6.difficulty ______________ 7.offer ______________ 8.couple ______________ 9.relation ______________.policy ______________ 11.recent ______________ 12.neither ______________ 13.unless ______________ 14.increase ______________ 15.European ______________ 16.measure ______________ 17.billion ______________ 18.relative ______________ 19.organization ______________ 20.teenager ______________ Unit 1 Topic 3.provide ______________ 2.discover ______________ 3.wound ______________ 4.secretary ______________ 5.direct ______________ 6.retell ______________ 7.abroad ______________ 8.drug ______________ 9.skill ______________ 10.invention ______________ 11.stairs ______________ 12.treatment ______________ 13.granddaughter ______________ 14.medical ______________ 15.engineer ______________ 16.dead ______________ 17.army ______________ 18.value ______________ 19.steal ______________ 20.purpose ______________ Unit 2 Topic 1 1.several ______________ 2.waste ______________ 3.influence ______________ 4.disturb ______________ 5.rubbish ______________ 6.blood ______________ 7.create ______________ 8.stream ______________ 9.breathe ______________ 10.weak ______________ 11.print ______________ 12.coal ______________ 13.chest ______________ 14.deaf ______________ 15.industry ______________ 16.produce ______________ 17.effect ______________ 18.anyway ______________ 19.nearby ______________ 20.chemical ______________ Unit 2 Topic 2 1.behavior ______________ 2.divide ______________ 3.level ______________ 4.law ______________ 5.sand ______________ 6.prevent ______________ 7.although ______________ 8.rise ______________ 9.recycle ______________ 10.escape ______________ 11.blanket ______________ 12.radiation ______________.sandstorm ______________ 14.rude ______________ 15.desert ______________ 16.importance ______________ 17.oxygen ______________ 18.tap ______________ 19.pressure ______________ 20.destroy ______________ Unit 2 Topic 3.reduce ______________ 2.battery ______________ 3.electric ______________ 4.towel ______________ 5.action ______________ 6.agreement ______________ 7.encourage ______________ 8.punish ______________ 9.shake ______________ 10.power ______________ 11.journey ______________ 12.plastic ______________ 13.garbage ______________ 14.suppose ______________ 15.distance ______________ 16.chemistry ______________ 17.cheat ______________ 18.murder ______________ 19.strange ______________ 20.toilet ______________ Unit 3 Topic 1.language ______________ 2.stick ______________ 3.similar ______________ 4.possible ______________ 5.conversation ______________ 6.besides ______________ 7.state ______________ 8.speaker ______________ 9.conference ______________ 10.position ______________ 11.require ______________ 12.silence ______________ 13.whenever ______________ 14.general ______________ 15.company ______________ 16.tongue ______________ 17.translate ______________ 18.communicate ______________ 19.system ______________ 20.throughout ______________ Unit 3 Topic 2 1.autumn ______________ 2.difference ______________ 3.victory ______________ 4.pronounce ______________ 5.cent ______________ 6.force ______________ 7.accent ______________ 8.pronunciation ______________ 9.flight ______________ 10.German ______________ 11.clerk ______________ 12.expression ______________ 13.garage ______________ 14.suitcase ______________ 15.puzzled ______________ 16.British ______________ 17.exactly ______________.cartoon ______________ 19.pack ______________ 20.character ______________ Unit 3 Topic 3.complete ______________ 2.grammar ______________ 3.diary ______________ 4.copy ______________ 5.repeat ______________ 6.aloud ______________ 7.ability ______________ 8.sentence ______________ 9.method ______________ 10.insist ______________ 11.review ______________ 12.wise ______________ 13.text ______________ 14.dark ______________ 15.notebook ______________ 16.whom ______________ 17.whose ______________ 18.toothpaste ______________ 19.channel ______________ 20.opinion ______________ Unit 4 Topic 1.achieve ______________ 2.hero ______________ 3.master ______________ 4.expect ______________ 5.doubt ______________ 6.cancel ______________ 7.prove ______________ 8.introduction ______________ 9.technology ______________ 10.tiny ______________ 11.connect ______________ 12.screen ______________ 13.satellite ______________ 14.goddess ______________ 15.astronaut ______________ 16.view ______________ 17.spaceship ______________ 18.click ______________ 19.amazing ______________ 20.launch ______________ Unit 4 Topic 2 1.housework ______________ 2.steel ______________ 3.ink ______________ 4.servant ______________ 5.clone ______________ 6.toothbrush ______________ 7.recorder ______________ 8.experiment ______________ 9.global ______________ 10.contribution ______________ 11.rocket ______________ 12.solar ______________ 13.base ______________ 14.universe ______________ 15.dig ______________ 16.support ______________ 17.organization ______________ 18.value ______________ 19.proper ______________ 20.consider ______________ Unit 4 Topic 3 1.beyond ______________.risk ______________ 3.director ______________ 4.research ______________ 5.basic ______________ 6.coach ______________ 7.admire ______________ 8.limit ______________ 9.search ______________ 10.dry ______________ 11.separate ______________ 12.prison ______________ 13.praise ______________ 14.excite ______________ 15.degree ______________ 16.postman ______________ 17.tower ______________ 18.whatever ______________ 19.envelope ______________ 20.deliver ______________ Unit 1 Topic 1短语.come back from ______________ 2.feel sorry for ______________ 3.by the way ______________ 4.take photos ______________ 5.do farm work ______________ 6.for a long time ______________ 7.tell stories ______________.have summer classes ______________ 9.at present ______________ 10.live a hard life ______________ 11.in order to ______________ 12.give support to ______________ 13.keep in touch with ______________ 14.see sth oneself ______________ 15.far away ______________ 16.in the open air ______________ 17.sorts of ______________ 18.succeed in doing sth ______________ 19.check over ______________ 20.draw up an outline ______________ 21.thanks to ______________ 22.make progress ______________ 23.take part in ______________ 24.in detail ______________ 25.in the past ______________ 26.have no chance ______________ 27.after class ______________ 28.day and night ______________ 29.more than ______________ 30.learn … from ______________ 31.in the future ______________ 32.dream about ______________ Unit 1 Topic 2短语 1.get lost ______________ 2.each other ______________ 3.call sb up ______________ 4.go shopping ______________ 5.at least ______________ 6.take place ______________ 7.because of ______________ 8.be strict with sb ______________ 9.increase by ______________ 10.carry out ______________ 11.be short of ______________ 12.so far ______________ 13.take measures to ______________ 14.a couple of ______________ 15.keep up with ______________.have fun ______________.offer a good education ______________ 18.work well in ______________ 19.be known as ______________ 20.the only child ______________ 21.write down ______________ 22.less than ______________ Unit 1 Topic 3短语.get used to ______________ 2.as a matter of fact ______________ 3.break out ______________ 4.in need ______________ 5.decide on sth ______________.feel good about oneself ______________ 7.provide sb with sth ______________ 8.live a normal life ______________ 9.according to ______________ 10.be away from ______________ 11.be famous for ______________ 12.so that ______________ 13.at the same time ______________ 14.take drugs ______________ 15.obey the rules ______________ 16.aim to do sth ______________ 17.at home and abroad ______________ 18.in the past few years ______________ 19.pay for ______________ 20.belong to ______________ Unit 2 Topic 1短语.at present ______________ 2.have a picnic ______________ 3.of course ______________ 4.be harmful to ______________ 5.in a bad mood ______________ 6.manage to do sth ______________ 7.at midnight ______________ 8.do harm to ______________ 9.go deaf ______________ 10.quite a few ______________ 11.no better than ______________ 12.in public ______________ 13.cause sb to do sth ______________ 14.all sorts of ______________ 15.in many ways ______________ 16.for example ______________ 17.have an effect on sth ______________ 18.two days later ______________ 19.in the past ______________ 20.at the end of ______________ Unit 2 Topic 2短语.as a result ______________ 2.here and there ______________ 3.walk on grass ______________ 4.care for ______________ 5.pick flowers ______________ 6.give some advice to ______________ 7.in the beginning ______________ 8.cut down ______________ 9.prevent sb from doing sth ______________ 10.in danger of ______________ 11.come to do sth ______________ 12.day by day ______________ 13.follow the rules ______________ 14.come into being ______________ 15.cut off ______________ 16.change into ______________ 17.take away ______________ 18.pass through ______________.be helpful to ______________ 20.refer to ______________ 21.deal with ______________ 22.at the same time ______________ 23.take up ______________.stop sb from doing sth ______________ 25.wash away ______________ Unit 2 Topic 3短语.interview sb about sth ______________ 2.spread the message ______________ 3.encourage sb to do sth ______________ 4.protect the environment ______________ 5.save money ______________ 6.be supposed to ______________ 7.ought to ______________.travel a short distance ______________ 9.make sure ______________ 10.on time ______________.make an announcement ______________ 12.turn off ______________ 13.work hard ______________ 14.hurry up ______________ 15.instead of ______________ 16.of course ______________ 17.fail the exam ______________ 18.take part in ______________ 19.be used for ______________ 20.turn green ______________ Unit 3 Topic 1短语 1.stick on ______________ 2.be able to ______________ 3.be ready for ______________ 4.can’t wait to ______________ 5.from now on ______________ 6.one day ______________ 7.throughout the world ______________ 8.on business ______________ 9.be similar to ______________ 10.be pleased with ______________ 11.translate into ______________ 12.once in a while ______________ 13.in general ______________ 14.even though ______________ 15.as a result ______________ 16.be regarded as ______________ 17.take the leading position ______________ 18.be required to ______________ 19.the rest of ______________ 20.make progress in ______________ 21.take a swimming course ______________ 22.be popular with ______________ 23.change with ______________ 24.as well as ______________ 25.have trouble doing sth ______________ Unit 3 Topic 2短语.instead of ______________ 2.say hello to ______________ 3.by the way ______________ 4.see sb off ______________ 5.depend on ______________ 6.be worried about ______________ 7.leave for ______________ 8.put out ______________ 9.on one’s way to ______________.make oneself understood ______________ 11.in the future ______________ 12.as for ______________ 13.in a word ______________.take in ______________ 15.in the beginning ______________ 16.little by little ______________ 17.come about ______________ 18.be forced to do sth ______________ 19.in person ______________ 20.be fond of ______________ Unit 3 Topic 3短语.get into trouble ______________ 2.agree with ______________ 3.give up ______________ 4.work hard at ______________ 5.be afraid of ______________ 6.keep a diary ______________ 7.be weak in ______________.give some advice sth ______________ 9.have a try ______________ 10.take a breath ______________ 11.share sth with sb ______________ 12.as often as possible ______________ 13.advise sb to do sth ______________ 14.make mistakes ______________ 15.make great progress ______________ 16.insist on sth ______________ 17.feel like doing sth ______________ 18.laugh at ______________ 19.last but not least ______________ 20.in public ______________ Unit 4 Topic 1短语 1.dream of ______________ 2.point to ______________ 3.send up ______________ 4.no doubt ______________ 5.for instance ______________ 6.click on ______________ 7.connect to ______________ 8.in the future ______________ 9.in space ______________ 10.at the same time ______________ 11.come into being ______________ 12.thanks to ______________ 13.chat on line ______________ 14.a list of ______________ 15.instead of ______________ 16.of course ______________ 17.study hard ______________ 18.with the help of ______________ 19.do business ______________ 20.land on ______________ Unit 4 Topic 2短语.for certain ______________ 2.make a contribution to ______________ 3.as long as ______________ 4.in short ______________ 5.run away ______________ 6.be allowed to do sth ______________ 7.be made of ______________ 8.come true ______________ 9.be made from ______________ 10.be used for ______________ 11.take photos ______________ 12.during one’s life ______________ 13.so far ______________ 14.be similar to ______________ 15.all the time ______________ 16.no longer ______________ 17.have effects on ______________ 18.the rest of ______________.to one’s surprise ______________ 20.be meant to do sth ______________ Unit 4 Topic 3短语 1.base on ______________ 2.hand in ______________ 3.be full of ______________ 4.in order to ______________ 5.know about ______________ 6.a group of ______________ 7.go wrong ______________ 8.on the earth ______________ 9.in the future ______________ 10.be able to ______________ 11.come true ______________ 12.grow up ______________ 13.search for ______________ 14.be on show ______________ 15.make up one’s mind ______________16.side by side ______________ 17.look forward to ______________ 18.be close to ______________ 19.each other ______________ 20.do experiments ______________

九年级上册第一单元短语和句型 篇3

Topic 1 1.come back from 回来 2.feel sorry for 为……感到遗憾

=be sorry for

3.by the way 顺便问一下 4.take photos 照相

=take pictures 5.do farm work 干农活 6.for a long time 长时间 7.tell stories 讲故事

8.have summer classes 上暑期班 9.at present 现在;目前 10.live a hard life 过困难的生活 11.in order to 为了 12.give support to 支持 13.keep in touch with 保持联系 14.see sth oneself 亲眼目睹 15.far away 遥远的 16.in the open air 在户外 17.sorts of 各种

18.succeed in doing sth 成功做某事=be successful in doing sth 19.check over 仔细检查 20.draw up an outline 拟订提纲 21.thanks to 多亏,由于 22.make progress 取得进展 23.take part in 参加 24.in detail 详细地 25.in the past 在过去 26.have no chance 没机会 27.after class 课后 28.day and night 日日夜夜

29.more than 超过=over 30.learn … from 向……学习31.in the future 在将来 32.dream about 梦想 Topic 2

1.get lost 迷路

=be lost 2.each other 互相 3.call sb up 打电话给某人 4.go shopping 购物 5.at least 至少 6.take place 发生 7.because of 因为;由于

8.be strict with sb 对某人要求严格 9.be strict in sth 对某事要求严格 10.increase by 增加了··· 11.increase to 增加到··· 12.carry out 执行 13.be short of 缺少 14.so far 到目前为止

15.take measures to do sth 采取措施做某事 16.a couple of 一些;几个 17.keep up with 赶上

18.have fun doing sth 获得乐趣;玩得开心 19.offer a good education 提供一个良好的教

20.work well in doing sth 在……有成效 21.be known as 将……称为;把……叫做 22.the only child 独生子 23.write down 写下 24.less than 少于

Topic 3 1.get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事

=be used to doing sth 2.as a matter of fact 事实上

=in fact 3.break out 爆发 4.in need 在困难时

5.decide on sth 就某事做出决定 6.feel good about oneself 自我感觉良好 7.provide sb with sth 向某人提供某物

=provide sth for sb 8.live a normal life 过正常的生活 9.according to 根据 10.be away from 远离 11.be famous for 以……而闻名

=be known for 12.so that 为了;以便

=in order that 13.at the same time 同时

14.take drugs 服毒take medicine 吃药

15.obey the rules 遵守规则

16.aim to do sth 目的是……

17.at home and abroad 国内外

go abroad去国外

18.in the past few years 在过去的几年中

中考历史九年级上册记忆歌诀 篇4

一、

金字塔呈古埃及,汉漠拉比治典籍

犹太亡国散各地,航海经商腓尼基

二、

雅利安人征印地,印度统分战乱起

国民种姓分等级,佛教产生传各地

三、

亚非文明古辉煌,象形文字源流长

天文历法与数字,“木伊”“神话”千古扬

四、

西方文明起希腊,源自雅典斯巴达

雅典政经繁文化,亚历山大三洲跨

五、

罗马称霸地中海,奴反军独共和衰

“罗马和平”难忘怀,分裂“西亡”历史哀

六、

神话“荷诗”与戏剧,历史名著“三史”籍

科学成就创体系,建筑、雕塑、拉丁语

七、

法兰克到查理曼,帝国子孙一分三

法德意 英吉利,分封庄园遍各地

八、

“基督救世”起犹太,罗马国教传播开

中世干政有兴衰,“天”“东”与“新”呈三派

九、

新罗高丽归朝鲜,“大化改新”日本变

武士首领掌大权,幕府统治七百年

十、

穆罕默德“伊教”兴,传教扩张帝国成

奥斯曼灭拜占廷,东西商贸受挫损

十一、

“资萌”兴起意大利,商贸东方激兴趣

“迪达哥麦”航路辟,殖民掠夺是“葡西”

十二、

文艺复兴人为本,文学美术大繁荣

天文医学集大成,抨恶扬善挑战神

十三、

英反詹姆与查理,革命曲折倒复辟

《权利法案》宪政立,发资反封序幕起

十四、

海外扩张英荷法,殖民争夺英称霸

灭种黑贸横财发,滔天罪行后人骂

十五、

北美反英“莱声”起,“宣言”发布称独立

“萨转”“约战”美国胜,宪法总统华盛顿

十六、

攻占“巴狱”法革命,路易断头“雅”专政

动荡崛起拿破仑,十年帝国走麦城

十七、

拉美反殖始海地,北南起义摆脱“西”(西班牙)

巴西脱葡宣独立,拉美系列新国起

十八、

工革手工变机器,英始扩展欧美去

“蒸汽时代”新动力,贫富对立两阶段

十九、

欧洲反资起风云,工人运动渴指引

马恩实践创理论,“宣言”发表“科”诞生

九年级上册第一单元知识串讲

“尼罗波光中文明长,金字塔承载法老的辉煌;美索不达尼亚平原上,楔形文字书写汉谟拉比的主张;印度河恒河出青藏,见证释迦牟尼的成长。”一首小诗送给你,如果恰好能唤醒你关于这部分知识的记忆,那便再好不过了。从这节课开始,我们一起走进世界史。这一节课我们要复习的内容就是:古代亚非文明。

人类早期文明最先诞生于大河流域。自西向东,曾出现过北非尼罗河流域的古埃及文明、西亚两河流域的古巴比伦文明、南亚次大陆的古印度文明、黄河长江流域的中华文明。九年级上册的第一单元,讲的就是除了中华文明之外其他三处亚非文明。对于这些早期文明,我们可以统一按照“发祥地、发展历程、文明成就和代表特征”的知识框架来理解。

首先我们先看最西边的北非尼罗河沿岸,这里是古埃及文明的发祥地,古埃及文明被认为是“尼罗河的赠礼”,因为尼罗河定期泛滥带来的黑色淤泥有利于农业生产。古埃及文明的发展历程可分为建国、初步统一、兴盛和灭亡四个阶段。尼罗河流域有国家出现的时间,大约从公元前35开始;到公元前3100年左右初步实现统一;在古埃及新王国的图特摩斯三世统治时期最为兴盛,当时的埃及成为强大的军事帝国,地跨亚非两洲;公元前525年,古埃及被波斯帝国吞并,后又被其他民族占领,古埃及文明未能延续下去。古埃及文明虽未能完全延续,但为人类留下了宝贵的文化遗产,如太阳历和象形文字等。古埃及的两个标志也不得不提,就是金字塔和法老。金字塔是古埃及法老的陵墓,其中最大的是胡夫金字塔。金字塔是古埃及文明的象征,反映了古埃及社会经济发展的较高水平,是古埃及人智慧的结晶。 法老是全国的最高统治者,总揽全国一切权利;金字塔的修建,反映了古埃及国王的无限权力,胡夫之后,金字塔越修越小,反映了古埃及王权的逐渐衰落。

现在我们视线东移,来到西亚两河流域,这里是古巴比伦文明的发祥地。两河是指幼发拉底河和底格里斯河,两河流域又称“美索不达米亚”,大体上是以今天伊拉克首都巴格达为中心的狭长地带。再看两河流域文明的发展历程:同样也是在公元前3500年,这里产生了一些以城市为中心的小国;约公元前24世纪,两河流域实现了初步统一;公元前18世纪,汉谟拉比在位时期使古巴比伦王国达到最强盛的时期。两河流域先民创造了楔形文字、月亮历、60进位制等宝贵遗产。两河流域文明成就中最重要的当属古巴比伦王国和《汉谟拉比法典》了。古巴比伦王国最为强盛的时候是在汉谟拉比统治时期,他在军事上完成了整个两河流域中下游地区的统一事业;政治上实行君主专制制度,加强中央集权;经济上注重兴修水利,发展农业;法律上制定了《汉谟拉比法典》。《汉谟拉比法典》是迄今已知世界上第一部较为完整的成文法典。法典内容十分广泛,从中可以清晰地了解古巴比伦社会。从法典中可知,古巴比伦分为拥有公民权的自由民、无公民权的自由民和奴隶三个严格的社会等级;奴隶制度在古巴比伦相当发达,家庭奴隶制是古巴比伦的一大特征;商品经济在古巴比伦比较活跃。综上,《汉谟拉比法典》是古巴比伦王国留给人类宝贵的文化遗产,表明人类社会的法制传统源远流长。

跨过伊朗高原,我们来到南亚次大陆,这里流淌着印度河和恒河,是古印度文明的发祥地。古印度早期文明出现的时间稍晚,约公元前23世纪至前18世纪,出现了哈拉帕和摩亨佐·达罗等早期文明;公元前1500年,所谓“高贵的人”雅利安人侵入印度,其后的孔雀王朝统治时期是古印度文明的鼎盛时期,此时除半岛最南端,古印度基本实现了统一,首都华氏城也是当时世界上最繁华、人口最多的大城市之一。后来,古印度多次受到外族侵扰,走向衰落。古印度文明也有两大标志:种姓制度和佛教。种姓制度是一种等级制度,具体内容为第一等级婆罗门,主管祭祀;第二等级刹帝利,掌握军事和行政大权;第三等级是吠舍,从事农业、畜牧业和商业。第四等级首陀罗,由被征服居民构成,为前三个等级服务。在这四个等级之外,还有最卑贱的“不可接触者”——贱民,他们在社会上遭到凌辱和歧视。各个等级间职业世袭,互不通婚,界限森严,甚至不能共食、共住。随着印度社会经济的发展,婆罗门和其他等级的矛盾激化,在这种形势下产生了佛教。佛教诞生于公元前6世纪,佛教的创始人是乔达摩悉达多,尊称释迦牟尼,佛教的基本教义是“众生平等”、“忍耐顺从”,早期佛教还反对种姓制度。公元3世纪后,佛教开始向外传播,公元前1世纪,佛教经中亚传至中国,后逐渐发展为世界三大宗教之一。

古代亚非文明都发源于大河流域,典型代表为尼罗河流域的古代埃及,两河流域的古巴比伦、印度河和恒河流域的古代印度、另外别忘了长江、黄河流域的古代中国。这些大河流域都留下宝贵的文明成就,古埃及的金字塔,古巴比伦的楔形文字和《汉谟拉比法典》、古印度的种姓制度和佛教,还有古中国的象形文字和青铜文明。四大文明的基本特征一致,经济上都以农业经济为主,政治上都实行中央集权。

大河文明的产生与地理环境有什么关系?关于这一点,我们可以归纳总结,做到举一反三。纵观我们学习过的大河文明,尼罗河为古埃及文明提供了水源和沃土,还有便利的航运;两河流域为古巴比伦的兴盛提供了水源和沃土;印度河和恒河流域也为古印度文明提供了水源和沃土,所以我们能得出大河文明的产生得益于大河流域的滋养,丰富的水源和肥沃的土壤为早期农业发展提供了便利。由此可见,地理环境会对一定地域的历史产生重要影响,在这一问题中,普遍规律可以从个案推导得出,个案分析也可以由普遍规律反推得出。

本单元的重点内容有三个:金字塔和古埃及文明、《汉谟拉比法典》和古代两河流域、古代的印度。在接下来的课程中,我将一一为你讲解。

小练习

1、(·衡阳)下列古迹属于古埃及的是( )

A.金字塔 B.《汉谟拉比法典》 C.故宫太和殿 D. 印度河流域古城

2、(湖南娄底,2分)大河流域以其独特的地理环境孕育了人类璀璨的文明。在两河流域孕育的古代人类文明是( )

A.古巴比伦文明

B.古印度文明

C.古希腊文明

九年级英语课后短语小结 篇5

1、in one’s opinion

按某人的意见;据某人来看

2、more than 超过

3、millions of 大量的;无数的

4、go through 穿过

5、fall away 突然向下倾斜

6、on top of 在……上面;盖住

7、since then 从那以后

8、all kinds of 各种各样的

9、take a vacation 去度假

10、have fun玩得高兴;有乐趣

11、as soon as 一……就……

12、lay the table 摆放餐桌

13、once again 再一次

14、give up 放弃(努力)

15、die for 为……而死

16、take care of 照顾;护理

17、at that time 那时候

18、on one’s own 独自一人

19、die of 死于……

20、text message 短信

21、turn off 关掉;关闭(设备)

22、be worried about 担心

23、on business 出差

24、wake up 醒;醒来

25、hand in 提交;上交

26、all day long 整天

27、against the rules 违反规定

28、in trouble 遇上麻烦;处于困境

29、No entry 禁止入内

30、no good 不合适的;不方便的

31、no wonder 难怪;不足为奇的

32、compare…with… 比较……与……

33、of all ages 所有年龄段的

34、get into the habit of

…养成…..的习惯

35、instead of 而不是

36、come round 拜访(某人的家里)

37、try out 试用;试

38、no longer 不再

39、be angry with sb. 生某人的气

40、at least 至少;起码

41、pocket money 零花钱

42、make sense 易理解;合情理

43、by the way 顺便提一下

44、get into trouble 遇上麻烦

45、run away 逃走;逃跑

46、for a time 一小段时间;一度;一时

47、pay for 为……付出代价

48、stand for 是……的缩写;代表

49、no way 决不;不可能

50、high jump 跳高

51、suffer from

受(某种病痛)折磨;因…而受苦

52、first place 第一名;冠军

53、stop sb.(from)doing sth. 阻止某人做某事

54、take pride in 感到自豪

55、put up 张贴;公布

56、thousands of 好几千;成千上万

57、look through 快速浏览;浏览

58、at a time 每次;一次

59、by hand 用手;靠手做

60、in a way

从某一角度;从某一点上看;在某种程度上

61、compare…to…把…….比作

62、wait and see 等等看;

63、here we do 我们这就看看

64、according to

根据;按照;据。。。。所说

65、sailing boat 帆船

66、keep sb./sth. away

(使)避开;(使)不靠近

67、cut sth. off sth.

把某物从某物上剪掉

68、keep a diary 写日记

69、brush sth off sth

把某物从某物上刷掉

70、at the time 那时;在那段时间

71、be surprised at

对。。。。。。感到惊奇

72、you bet 的确;当然;一定

73、the thing is 答案是;问题是

74、be in with a chance 有可能;有机会

75、read out 朗读;宣读

76、compared with

(与。。。。。。)相比

77、even though 即使;尽管

78、protect sth against sth

保护。。。;使。。。不受

79、throw away 扔掉;丢弃

80、tons of 许多;很多

81、a couple of 两个

四年级上册英语单词短语 篇6

Module1 Unit11.衣服_________2.商店_______

3.assistant_________

4.售货员;店员___________5.早上__________ 6.能;会_____7.帮助_______

8.我想要__________=_________9.买_____

10.女士衬衣_________

11.多少(钱)____________12.九十_________13.元_______

14.我(要)买了。_____________.15.双;对_______

16.一双;一对__ _______ ___17.斜纹布工装;牛仔裤_________18.鞋子_______

19.trousers___________20.衬衣_________21.shorts_________ 22.十四___________23.二十___________24.十九__________ h25.三十_________26.十八__________27.四十______________ 28.十七 ___________29.五十___________ 30.十六__________40.六十_________41.七十__________ 42.八十__________43.九十__________44.百__________

45.dress____________

46.毛线衣;卫生衫___________47.文化衫;T恤 __________48.jacket ___________ 49.运动________

50.运动鞋_______________ 51.裙子_______

52.大衣 ________53.袜子 ___________

Unit2

1.下午_________2.先生____3.为____4.再见____

5.夫人;女士_______6.pound________7.whose________

Module2 Unit4 1.意思是_______

2.(没有檐的但常有舌的)帽子_____

3.穿;戴_______

4.正穿(戴)着___(___/_____)_________

5.朋友________

6.金色(头发的)_________7.thin________8.重的________9.年轻的________

Unit5

1.今天_______2.谈话______3.关于_______4.谈及____ _______5.(男)英雄_____6.(女)英雄_________7.友善的,和蔼的______

8.尽心尽力的;努力工作的______________9.patient _________ 10.英俊的___________11.电影_______12.星_______

13.影星_____________14.诚实的________ 15.有趣的_______16.父(母)亲________17.两者都_______

18.伟大的;太好了________19.厨师;烹调______20.喂养______21.好______22.真实的_______23.友好的__________24.圆的________25.ugly_______26.weak_______

Module3 Unit7

1.想;要_______2.是___

3.当;什么时候_______4.生长_______5.向上___

6.长大__________

7.护士;保育员________8.doctor________9.职业_____

10.教师__________11.邮递员___________12.postmen___________13.司机________14.银行_______15.经理____________ 16.工厂_________17.工人_________18.士兵_________19.农民__________20.消防队员___________

21.消防队员(复数)___________22.警察__________23.警察(复数)_________

Unit8

1.清洁工__________2.运动员________

3.(男)服务员_________4.(女)服务员___________5.律师_________6.clerk________

7.银行职员_______________

Module4 Unit10

1.邻居_____________2.迁移;移动_______3.正迁进_________ ___4.有___________ 5.因为_________6.为什么____

7.department___________ 8.之后________

9.放学后________________ 10.看见;明白____11.再见_________.12.救护车___________

13.救护车驾驶员______________ 14.或者___

15.child_______16.唯一的;仅仅______

17.独生子女_________________18.我明白了。_________。19.dentist________20.检查________21.抓住________22.criminal________

Mdoule5 Unit13 1.时间_______

2.吃;上(课)_______3.早餐_________ 4.大约________5.点钟________6.午餐________

7.正餐;晚餐_________8.usually_________9.我也是。________.10.从…到…__________ 11.中间休息时间________12.音乐________13.maths________14.体育__.__.15.art______16.什么时候_______

Unit14

1.起床_______

2.钟________

3.是……的时候了___________4.去___

5.上学______________6.太迟_______4.好_______5.遇到________7.帮助(某人)做______________(某事)

8.你好。_______________?7.面包________8.milk_______9.鸡蛋____10.must_______11.再见_________12.back_______13.回来__________.14.去睡觉___________

Module6 Unit16 1.天;日____2.星期一________3.经常_______

4.玩;打(球)_______5.足球_________6.有时__________7.棋________8.card_______

9.篮球__________10.羽毛球_________11.游泳_______ 12.game_______13.网球________

14.乒乓球_______________15.skip_______16.run_____

17.星期日________18.星期四_________ 19.星期二__________20.星期六_________21.星期五________22.星期三___________23.then________24.跳_______

Unit17

1.每________2.做_____

3.家务__________

9.做园艺工作________10.去购物_____________ 11.外面____12.出去_______13过得愉_______________________14.睡觉_______

15.homework__________ 16.sweep________

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