成考高起专英语强化试题及答案

成考高起专英语强化试题及答案（通用3篇）

成考高起专英语强化试题及答案 篇1

Ⅰ、Phonetics(10 points)

Directions:

In each of the following groups of words, there are four underlined letter combinations marked A, B, C and D、Compare the underlined parts and identify the one that is different from the others in pronunciation、Mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet、1、A、club B、tomb C、comb D、climb2、A、food B、cool C、school D、flood3、A、town B、how C、down D、snow4、A、each B、peach C、break D、deal5、A、hear B、fear C、dear D、wear6、A、receive B、friend C、field D、piece7、A、question B、notion C、exception D、vocation8、A、exhaust B、exercise C、exam D、exact9、A、where B、what C、whose D、white10、A、switch B、hatch C、character D、match

Ⅱ、Vocabulary and Structure(40 points)

Directions:

There are 40 incomplete sentences in this section、For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D、Choose one answer that best completes the sentence and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet、11、Today is Jenny’s wedding day、She _______ to Thomas、A、just has got married B、has just married

C、was just married D、has just got married12、Every officer and every soldier _______ obey the rules、A、had to B、have to C、has to D、must have to13、Rarely _______ so difficult a problem、A、she could have faced with B、could have she faced with

C、she could have been faced with D、could she have been faced with14、______ a dog on the road, the car stopped、A、Having seen B、On seeing C、The driver seeing D、Seeing15、I asked my teacher _______、A、what courses should I take B、should I take what courses

C、I should take what courses D、what courses I should take16、Comrade Li promised to help us and he said he would come ______、A、right away B、all at once C、all of a sudden D、all right17、There aren’t many pandas ________ in the world today、A、alive B、living C、lively D、lived18、Such electron tubes ________ in a radio set are also found in a TV set、A、that we use B、as we use C、as we use them D、that we use them19、It _______ to me that he was jealous、A、happened B、took C、occurred D、felt20、One of the requirements for a fire is that the material ______ to its burning temperature、A、were heated B、must be heated C、is heated D、be heated21、Please ______ me at the station on time、A、meeting B、to meet C、meet D、met22、_______ “hello”, he reached out his hand、A、Said B、Saying C、To say D、Say23、People are more _______ to spend money on goods with an attractive look than those without、A、attracted B、tempted C、persuaded D、tended24、It was ______ he saw the doctor coming out of the emergeney room with an expression as grave as a judge _______ he realized the seriousness of his wife’s illness、A、not until…that B、after…when C、until…then D、before…that25、Please telephone me half an hour _______、A、in charge B、in advance C、in time D、in front26、Both Mary and Ellen, as well as Jan, _______ studying Chinese History、A、are B、is C、are being D、is being27、I’d like to _______ him to you for the job、He is a very clever and industrious boy、A、refer B、suggest C、recommend D、propose28、It ______ that 200 people died and over 5,000 lost their shelters after the flood、A、reported B、reports C、has been reported D、has reported29、He was asked to speak louder ______ all the other students in the classroom could hear him、A、as B、so as to C、so that D、so as30、His report on the space exploration was really ________、A、exciting B、excited C、excitement D、excitedly31、Your chair needs _______、A、to repair B、repairing C、to repairing D、being repair32、I hate to see papers _______ in pencil、A、writing B、to write C、written D、write33、The job made her dependent _______ her husband、A、on B、from C、of D、to34、This is the second time she ______ improvement on that equipment、A、had made B、made C、is making D、has made35、He spoke so quickly that I did not ______ what he said、A、catch B、accept C、take D、listen36、_______determines a good meal varies from country to country、A、What B、That C、It D、Which37、As the journey was a long one, he took a friend with him for ________、A、pleasure B、entertainment C、company D、defence38、I suggest _______ for an outgoing this Sunday、A、us going B、we are going C、to go D、our going39、We’ve ______ sugar、Ask him to lend us some、A、run away with B、run down C、run off D、run out of40、It was in 1930 _______ he became a university student、A、when B、that C、which D、and41、I am very _______ to you for your help、A、grateful B、agreeable C、pleased D、thanks42、You _______ go now、It’s very late、A、had rather B、prefer to C、had better D、would rather43、If I were you, I would take it easy, _______ is no need to be nervous、A、it B、this C、there D、which44、Why not _______ me earlier?

A、to tell B、tell C、telling D、told45、Joe’s handwriting is ________ Mary’s、A、more better B、as well as C、much better than D、more better than46、The experiment _______ the discovery of a cure for cancer、A、happened to B、led up C、resulted in D、set up47、To produce one pound of honey, a colony of bees must fly a distance _______ to twice around the world、A、similar B、equal C、compared D、corresponding48、I did not mean ____ anything, but those apples looked so good I couldn’t resist ___one、A、to eat…trying B、to eat…to trying C、eating…to try D、eating…to trying49、I had hardly sat down _______ he stepped in、A、when B、that C、until D、after50、In his time he enjoyed a reputation _______、A、as great as Mozart, if not greater than B、as great as, if not greater than, Mozart

C、as great, if not greater, as Mozart D、greater, if not as great as Mozart

Ⅲ、Cloze(20 points)

Directions:

For each blank in the following passage, there are four choices given below and marked A, B, C and D、Choose the one that is most suitable and mark your answer by blankening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet、Robert Edwards was blinded in a traffic accident、He was also a little deaf _51_ old age、Last week, he was taking a walk near his home when a thunderstorm came、He hid _52_ the storm under a big tree and was struck by lightning、He was knocked _53_ the ground and woke up some 20 minutes _54_, lying face down in water in water below a tree、He went into the house and lay down in bed、A short time later, he awoke;his legs felt _55_ and he was trembling, but, when he opened his eyes, he could see the clock across the room fading in and out in front of him、When his wife entered, he _56_ her for the first time in nine years、Doctors _57_ that he had regained his sight and hearing obviously from the flash of lightning, but they were unable to explain that、The only _58_ explanation offered by one doctor was that, _59_ Edwards lost his sight as a result of trauma in a terrible accident, perhaps the only way it could be restored was by _60_ trauma、51、A、because B、because of C、as D、since52、A、from B、away C、against D、contrary53、A、at B、in C、to D、on54、A、late B、soon C、later D、after55、A、dying B、dead C、die D、being died56、A、saw B、watched C、noticed D、examined57、A、say B、thought over C、made sure D、agreed to58、A、possibly B、possible C、probably D、mainly59、A、although B、because of C、even though D、since60、A、others B、other C、another D、one other

Passage One

In ancient times wealth was measured and exchanged in things that could be touched: food, tools, and precious metals and stones、Then the barter system was replaced by coins, which still had real value since they were pieces of rare metal、Coins were followed by fiat money, paper notes that have value only because everyone agrees to accept them、Today electronic monetary systems are gradually being introduced that will transform money into even less tangible forms, reducing it to a series of “bits and bytes”, or units of computerized information, going between machines at the speed of light、Already, electronic fund transfer allows money to be instantly sent and received by different banks, companies, and countries through computers and telecommunications devices、61、Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the passage?

A、International Banking Policies B、The History of Monetary Exchange

C、The Development of Paper Currencies D、Current Problems in the Economy62、According to the passage, which of the following was the earliest kind of exchange of wealth?

A、Bartered foods B、Fiat money C、Coin currency D、Intangible forms63、The author mentions food, tools and precious metals and stones together because they are all ________、A、useful items B、articles of value

C、difficult things to obtain D、material objects64、According to the passage, coins once had real value as currency because they ______、represented a great improvement over barter

permitted easy transportation of wealth

were made of precious metals

could become collector’s items65、Which of the following statements about computerized monetary systems is NOT supported by the passage?

They promote international trade、They allow very rapid money transfers、They are still limited to small transactions(交易)、They are dependent on good telecommunications systems、Passage Two

At the University of Kansas art museum, scientists tested the effect of different colored walls on two groups of visitors to an exhibit of paintings、For the first group the room was painted white;for the second, dark brown、Movement of each group was followed by an electrical equipment under the carpet、The experiment showed that those who entered the dark brown walked more quickly, covered more area, and spent less time in the room than people in the white one、Dark brown made people more active, but the activity ended sooner、Not only the choice of colors but also the general appearance of a room affects those inside、Another experiment presented people with photographs of faces whose energy was to be commented、Three groups of people were used;each was shown the same photos, but each group was in an ordinary room—a nice office、The third was in a tastefully designed living room with carpeting、Results showed that the people in the beautiful room tend to give higher marks to the faces than those in the ugly room did、Other studies that students do better on tests taken in comfortable room than in ordinary-looking or ugly rooms、66、Which of the following is the best expression of the main idea of this passage?

People in beautiful rooms tend to give higher marks to photos of faces than people in ugly rooms

The color and general appearance of a room have a deeper effect on the behavior of the people in it

The University of Kansas has studied the effects of the color of room on people’s behavior

Beautifully furnished, light-coloured rooms make people more comfortable than ugly, dark rooms67、According to the passage, we may conclude that the whiter a room is ________、A、the longer people like to stay in it B、the sooner people in it will leave

C、the more active people in it will become D、the more excited people68、What is referred to as the “general appearance” in this passage is ________、how many broad windows a room has, through which sunlight might come in

the size of a room

whether there are beautiful walls in a room

what the room looks like69、This passage provides us with _______、A、a piece of scientific information B、a normal lesson

C、an interesting test D、a piece of news70、At least how many tests were carried out by the scientists referred to in this passage?

A、Three B、Two C、Only one D、No one knows

Passage Three

The water we drink and use is running short in the world、We all have to learn how to stop wasting our limited water、One of the steps we should take is to find ways of reusing it、Experiments have already been done in this field、Today in most large cities, fresh water is used only once, then it runs into waste system、But it is possible to pipe the used water to a purifying factory、There it can be filtered and treated with chemicals so that it can be used again, just as it were fresh from a spring、But even if every large city purified and reused its water, we still would not have enough、Then we could turn to the oceans、All we’d have to do to make use of the seawater on earth is to get rid of the salt、This process is called desalinization, and it is already in use in many parts of the world、71、The way to stop wasting our limited water is to ________、A、do experiments with water B、purify the used water and reuse it

C、use fresh water once again D、make use of seawater72、The following tells us how to reuse the used water、Which is the right order of the passage?

A、to have the used water filtered B、to put chemicals in it

C、to pipe it to the users D、to pipe the used water to be purified to a factory73、There wouldn’t be enough water for us if we didn’t _________、A、turn to the oceans for more water B、reuse used water and make use of seawater

C、desalt seawater D、take steps to reuse all water on earth74、The would “it” in the last sentence refers to _______、A、seawater B、purified water

C、the process of getting rid of the salt in seawater

D、the process of collecting salt from the sea oceans75、The best title for the passage is “_______”、A、How to Reuse Water

B、Two Solutions to the Problem of Water Shortage

C、Stop Wasting Our Limited Water

D、How to Make Use of Seawater

Passage Four

Some people hate everything that is modern、They cannot imagine how anyone can really like modern music;they find it hard to accept the new fashions in clothing;they think that all modern painting is ugly;and they seldom have a good word for the new buildings that are being built everywhere in the world、Such people look for perfection in everything, and they take their standards of perfection from the past、They are usually impatient with anyone who is brave enough to experiment with new or to express himself or the age in materials original ways、It is, of course, true that many artists do not succeed in their work and instead produce works that can only be considered as failures、If the work of art is a painting, the artist’s failure concerns himself alone, but if it is a building, his failure concerns others too, because it may damage the beauty of the whole place、This does sometimes happen, but it is completely untrue to say, as some people do, that modern architecture is nothing、We can’t judge every modern building by the standards of the ancient time, even though we admire the ancient buildings、Technologically, the modern buildings are more advanced、The modern architect knows he should learn from the ancient works, but with his greater resources of knowledge and materials, he will never be content to imitate the past、He is too proud to do that、76、Some people hate everything that is modern because _______、A、they are aged B、they find it hard to accept modern things

C、they take their standards of perfection from the Greek

D、they look at things by the standards of the past77、The writer of the passage thinks that ________、it is true to say artists fail in their work

it is untrue to say artists fail in their work

it is true to say some artists fail in their work

it is true to say only painters fail in their work78、The writer thinks the failure of a building _______、A、means nothing B、concerns others

C、concerns only the artist D、concerns all the people in the world79、The writer thinks that _________、we can’t judge buildings by the ancient standards

we can’t judge all the buildings by the ancient standards

we can’t judge all the modern buildings by the ancient standards

we can’t judge modern buildings80、Technologically, the modern buildings are more advanced、The sentence means _____、the ancient architects had no technology

the modern architects use more advanced technology

the modern buildings are advanced because they are completely different from the ancient buildings

the modern buildings are more beautiful

Ⅴ、Writing(20 points)

Directions:

For this part, you are allowed 20 minutes to write a short composition of about 80 words on the title: Where to Live-in the City or in the Country? Base your composition on the outline given below、1、一些人喜欢住在城市，因为城市生活有许多便利。

2、但有些人喜欢住在农村。

3、我认为，……

参考答案

Ⅰ、Phonetics1、A

2、D

3、D

4、C

5、D

6、B

7、A8、B

9、C

10、C

Ⅱ、Vocabulary and Structure11、D

12、C

13、D

14、C

15、D

16、A

17、A18、B

19、C 20、D

21、C

22、B

23、B

24、A25、B

26、A

27、C

28、C

29、C 30、A

31、B32、C

33、A

34、D

35、A

36、A

37、C

38、D39、D 40、B

41、A

42、C

43、C

44、B

45、C46、C

47、B

48、A

49、A 50、B

Ⅲ、Cloze51、B

52、A

53、D

54、C

55、B

56、A

57、C58、B

59、D 60、C

Ⅳ、Reading Comprehension61、B 62、A 63、D 64、C 65、C 66、B 67、A68、D 69、A 70、A 71、B 72、A 73、B 74、C75、B 76、D 77、C 78、B 79、C 80、B

Ⅴ、Writing

Where to live —in the City or in the Country

Some people like living in the city because city life has many advantages、They think there are more job opportunities in cities, life there is more colorful and meaningful than that in the country, and there are more modern conveniences in cities for people to enjoy、But some other people prefer to live in the countryside、They say life in the countryside is closer to nature and better for their health, life there is quieter and that country people are more honest than city people、I would like to live in a city when I am young to earn enough money and I live in the countryside when I am old for having a quite life、

成人高考高起专语文试题 篇2

一、语言知识与语言运用(24分。每小题4分)

1.下列词语中加点的字，读音全都相同的一项是(  )

A.陌生 秣马厉兵 蓦然醒悟

B.唠叨 时代烙印 防旱防涝

C.堕落 度德量力 城墙垛口

D.保姆 栉风沐雨 睦邻友邦

2.下列各组词语中，没有错别字的一组是(  )

A.反聩 涸泽而渔 哗众取宠

B.作祟 人才倍出 励精图治

C.修葺 严惩不贷 罄竹难书

D.阔绰 莫衷一是 积毁消骨

3.依次填入下列各句横线处的词语，最恰当的一组是(  )

①近几年来，鄱阳湖加强了湿地保护，生态环境得到明显的改善，_________成为世界候鸟最大的越冬栖息地。

②“永远的丰碑”记录着烈士们在血雨腥风的年代里，凭着坚强的信念和_________的意志，坚持斗争不动摇的英雄事迹。

③30多公里道路大多在高山峡谷之间，由于强烈的地震，地裂、桥断、车翻随处可见;垂直上百米的大面积山体滑坡，不仅把路封死截断，且滚石飞落，生死体验，__________!

A.从而 坚忍 动人心魄

B.进而 坚忍 惊心动魄

C.进而 坚韧 动人心魄

D.从而 坚韧 惊心动魄

4.下列加点成语使用不正确的一项是(  )

A.1937年12月，侵华日军制造了惨绝人寰的南京大屠杀，30万同胞惨遭杀戮。

B.韩国政府在将“端午”成功申请为世界文化遗产之后，又大张旗鼓地开展了为“汉字”申遗的工作。

C.中国选手在2011年深圳大运会比赛中不孚众望，以优异的成绩展现了自己的风采。

D.古巴年近八十的总统卡斯特罗在大病初愈后走起路来还真有些鹅行鸭步。

5.下列各句中，没有语病的一句是(  )

A.今年夏天，那个正处于20多岁的青年科技骨干在工作时被一场突如其来的大火夺去了生命，令人扼腕叹息。

B.一部全国性的《职业病防治法》将提交全国人大审议，有望使劳动者保护自身健康提供更强有力的武器。

C.通过学习相关资料和听专家的报告，家长们都认识到不适当地管教孩子对孩子的健康成长是不利的。

D.研究表明，虽然电动牙刷比普通牙刷能多清除38%的芽菌斑，但如果电动牙刷质量不过关，非但起不了保健作用，还会对口腔造成伤害。

6.依次填入下面一段文字横线处的语句，衔接最恰当的一组是(  )

创造历史的是民众，____________，使我们在影像背后发现了平凡生活中的审美趣味和思想光芒。

①点亮历史的是英雄 ②捕捉着时代之魂和人性之美 ③游刃有余的镜头穿越苍茫的时空 ④定格历史的是艺术家的蒙太奇语言

A.①④②③

B.④①③②

C.①④③②

D.④①②③

二、阅读下面文字。完成7～10题。(16分。每小题4分)

随着计算机和网络技术的发展，特别是加密技术的进步，开始出现了电子现金这一新的货币形式。电子现金是一种通过电子方式进行银行署名的数字信息。

它和信用卡不一样，信用卡本身并不是货币，而是一种转账手段，电子现金本身就是一种货币，可以直接用来购物。但它又和金币、纸币不一样，是没有物理实体的货币，需要通过数据的交换实现现金的功能。

电子现金是一种数字信息，它和纸币一样，本身没有价值，所以有伪造的危险。为此要使用电子签名等加密技术。从技术上说，电子签名比纸币上使用的水印更难伪造。但电子现金和其他数字信息一样容易复制。因此，需要防止电子现金持有者将其复制，然后向多家店铺支付。另外，电子现金的匿名性会给来路不明的钱财提供洗钱的方便，这点需要防范。

电子现金蕴藏着创造巨大的数字商品市场的可能性。所谓数字商品就是在交易中不用真

的商品在场，只把有关商品的信息列出供选购，到提货时才取出的商品。在数字商品市场中，靠电子现金和数字商品间的信息交换完成交易，无论生产地和消费地相距多远，都可以一样进行交易，交易所花的费用几乎为零，所以今后将得到巨大的发展。

7.对“电子现金”的本质的解说，正确的一项是(  )

A.电子现金，是一种可以直接用来购物的数字信息

B.电子现金，是有银行署名、以转账方式实现的货币

C.电子现金，是一种不具备物理属性的货币形态

D.电子现金，是与金币、纸币形态不同的数字信息

8.下列对“数字商品市场”的解说，正确的一项是(  )

A.数字商品市场，即对有关商品信息的买卖活动场所

B.数字商品市场，即电子现金和数字商品间信息交换的市场

C.数字商品市场，即陈列有关商品信息供选购的市场

D.数字商品市场，即电子现金和商品信息沟通、转换的市场

9.对“电子签名”的理解，正确的一项是(  )

A.电子签名，是一种为了使电子现金具有货币价值而使用的加密技术

B.电子签名，是一种为了使电子现金克服其匿名性的弊端而使用的加密技术

C.电子签名，是一种为了防止复制电子现金而使用的加密技术

D.电子签名，是一种为了防止伪造电子现金而使用的加密技术

由文中可知，电子现金的发展趋势在于(  )

A.电子现金的发展趋势在于，创造巨大的数字商品市场

B.电子现金的发展趋势在于，推动商品交易降低成本

C.电子现金的发展趋势在于，促进商品交换的数字化和信息化

D.电子现金的发展趋势在于，提高商品信息交流的效率

第Ⅱ卷(非选择题，共10分)

三、(25分)

阅读下面的现代文，完成11～14题。

带着村庄上路

产年初我那时以为这一生大概只能做一件事儿：离开村庄。 我并非在村庄里过得不愉快，那里的水土很适合我，只不过村里人都说外面的世界很精彩，把离开村庄当作出息，我只能有出息点。我选择一个夏天离开，那是一个炎热的晌午，人们都在打瞌睡，我神不知鬼不觉地走了，不要让他们以为我有什么留恋，以为我带走了村庄的什么东西，我走得要有出息，能留给他们的全都留给他们。

后来我发现我是自欺欺人，路上累了歇脚的时候，把行囊打开，里面装的是一整个村庄。我很羞愧，我曾想在城市的某个角落把它们抖掉，但人生这段漫长的路上，想要的东西还未得到时，想丢的东西你也还无法舍弃。在县城读书，我不能舍弃我的贫穷。在寄宿的同学里，我的伙食比许多人都要差，一般我只买个小菜，另外吃自己带的家乡菜：成鱼、坛坛菜、炸辣椒。这几道菜都是干的，耐放，很拌饭。肚子饿了，就用炒米茶充饥，炒米茶是母亲亲手做的，先炒米，炒黄豆、芝麻，炒熟后，用石磨磨成粉，只要用开水一冲，加点红糖，很香。在我陶醉于母亲说的营养时，喝着麦乳精的同学都用同情的眼光看着我。在省城读书，我以为离村庄越来越远了，我又无法摆脱家乡话的困扰，我既说不好普通话，也说不好省城的方言，说普通话边音和鼻音、卷舌音和非卷舌音分不清;说省城话，走在大街小巷，别人一听，都嗤之以鼻，我为企图抬高自己装腔作势而难受。在机关里办公，我摆脱不了家乡老土的做派。我常常怀疑同事是不是私下里议论我是个乡巴佬。老乡来后，我打肿脸充胖子招待他们，我怕他们说我小气.说我忘恩负义，我瞧不惯他们的心眼儿，同时看到他们就像看到自己，我以此忧戚：难道真的抛不开村庄了吗?

我在尽力掩藏村庄时，村庄却如影子一样照看我，照看着许多像我一样从村庄出来的人。我毕业后被安排到这座城市，得感谢利叔，利叔是我同村人，出来许多年了，混出了一点名堂，他常常为帮不了村庄而揪心，给我办事他找到了寄托，他说他不是在帮我，只是给村庄办了点事。在城里我单身了许久，和乡下女子相处惯了，和城里的姑娘总有点格格不入，后来我遇到了一个叫莲的女子，她的一切都具有村庄的风韵，她不在乎我的家底，却看上了农家孩子的勤劳和朴实，接受她的爱情，我知道又接受了村庄的一笔恩惠。后来我的继父、母亲跟着我进了城，开了一家土菜馆，弥补我的家用，曾经叫我害羞的家乡菜，全都端在大桌上。家乡菜全都来自家乡的风水，别有一番滋味，父亲喜上眉梢地来回奔忙，有时难以应急，母亲也还会拿假土鸡充斥，算账时偷偷打点折。借助土菜馆，我发了点小财，我真的离不开村庄了。我开始懂得，我们这些出门在外的人，永远都是村庄的骄傲，也永远都是村庄的累赘;我们把她的善良播撒，也把她的丑陋翻新。

不知何时起，我开始把村庄像糖一样含在嘴里，稍不留神，香甜就脱口而出。我走到哪里，村庄都扑面而来。村庄的竹器、村庄的粮食、村庄的花卉，全都进了城，我感到这一切似乎都是跟着我进城的，这种感觉很亲切，很暖和，也很自得。我们这些从村庄出来的人，常常在一起聚会，在街道、在集市、在公园旁若无人地侃起村庄，就好像在村庄的某个田亩说话，高昂铿锵。当我们贫穷，老把村庄当作羞涩;当我们富有，又拿村庄来调味，我们永远把村庄当作铺垫，当作背景。

总感觉对村庄有所亏欠，总是不想爽爽快快承认，终于有一天，我的灵魂在不断的拷问中，把名利修炼成淡、成轻，这时，我的村庄才真实地突现出来。走吧，回吧，从村庄出来的人，常常有愿望回一趟村庄，回一趟家，干点什么，或者什么都不干。村庄最初不认识我们，但等我们一开口，就知道我们是谁了，在这块土地上，我们毕竟赤身裸体地摸爬过，村庄还残留着我们的呼吸。其实正是我们想缩短我们与村庄的距离时，村庄似乎在一点点远去，村庄的风物.村人的思维，常让我们寡言少语.我们走近亲近，又走进了陌生。我们对村庄难以有什么回报，在那里久久徘徊，似乎还是在寻找什么东西，是因为过去我们带走太多，所以总认为取之不尽.我们走的时候，不是带走一把铁锹，一把斧子，那些东西对我们没有用，我们带走的是别的东西.尽管两手空空，带的东西已经很多了，这似乎只有我更知道，而我只有独自在夜晚书写文字时才真正知道。

而我那时疏忽了的是，我的文字又把村庄打扰了，我这后半生还有一个最大的愿望要实现，那就是什么时候，要让村庄打一个盹儿，我要带着她去上路。

11.“我们这些出门在外的人，永远都是村庄的骄傲，也永远都是村庄的累赘”从前文看，“累赘”的意思是什么?(8分)

答：

12.文章写利叔这个人物有什么作用?(8分)

答：

13.怎样理解文中“我开始把村庄像糖一样含在嘴里，稍不留神，香甜就脱口而出”这句话?(5分)

答：

14.请简述本文运用借代、比喻等修辞手法的作用。(4分)

答：

四、(25分)

阅读下面文言文，完成15～17题。

严光字子陵，会稽余姚人也。少有高名，与光武同游学。及光武即位，乃变名姓，隐身不见。帝思其贤，乃令以物色访之。后齐国土言：“有一男子披羊裘钓泽中。”帝疑其光，乃备安车玄纁，遣使聘之。三反而后至。舍于北军，给床褥，太官朝夕进膳。司徒侯霸与光素旧，遣使奉书。使人因谓光曰：“公闻先生至，区区欲即诣造，迫于典司，是以不获。愿因日暮自屈语言。”光不答，乃投札与之，口授曰：“君房足下，位至鼎足，甚善。怀仁辅义天下悦，阿谀顺旨要领绝。”霸得书，封奏之。帝笑日：“狂奴故态也!”车驾即日幸其馆，光卧不起，帝即其卧所，抚光腹曰：“咄咄子陵，不可相助为理邪?”光又眠不应。良久，乃张目熟视曰：“昔唐尧著德，巢父洗耳。士故有志，何至相迫乎!”帝曰：“子陵，我竟不能下汝邪?”于是升舆叹息而去。复引光入，论道旧故，相对累日，帝从容问光曰：“朕何如昔时?”对曰：“陛下差增于往。”因共偃卧，光以足加帝腹上。明日，太史奏客星犯御座甚急。帝笑曰：“朕故人严子陵共卧耳。”除为谏议大夫，不屈， 乃耕于富春山，后人名其钓处为严陵濑焉。建武十七年，复特征，不至。年八十，终于家。

15.用现代汉语写出画线文字的大意。(5分)

答：

16.光武帝寻访严光的原因有哪些?(6分)

答：

17.严子陵“以足加帝腹上”，表现了他怎样的性格特征?在严子陵辞官归隐后，后人是怎样纪念他的`?(5分)

答：

阅读下面这首诗，完成l8～19题。

送魏大从军

陈子昂

匈奴犹未灭，魏绛复从戎。

怅别三河道，言追六郡雄。

雁山横代北，飞塞接云中。

勿使燕然上，惟留汉将功。

【注】飞塞：即飞狐塞，别本亦作“狐塞”。六郡雄：指西汉著名将领赵充国，他曾生擒匈奴西祁土，大败羌人。

18.颔联的旨意是什么?(4分)

答：

19.首联连用两典抒发了什么样的情怀?(5分)

答：

五、作文(60分)

20.一个旅人，在茫茫的沙漠中迷失了方向，他又渴又饿地倒下了。求生的本能驱使他扒身下的黄沙掘水，他扒了许久，扒出一个洞，仍没有见到水，就灰心地倒在一边等待死亡。后来，又有人从这片沙漠经过，发现了他的尸体和洞，人们在洞里再扒了几下，就见到了潮湿的沙土;再扒，就见到了水。人们慨叹地说：“躺着等死，不如死在挖掘之中。遗憾的是，他已经来到了成功之门，却没有进去。”

根据所给材料，结合自身体验，以“坚持”为话题写一篇文章，题目自拟，文体不限(诗歌除外)，不少于600字。

参考答案：

一、(24分，每小题4分)

1.【答案】A

【考情点拨】本题考查了识记现代汉语普通话的字音的能力。

【应试指导】B项“唠叨”的“唠”读“láo”，“时代烙印”的“烙”，“防旱防涝”的“涝”都读“lào”;C项“堕落”的“堕，，读“duó”，“度德量力，，的“度”读duó”，“城墙垛口”的“垛”读“duǒ”;D项“保姆”的“姆”读“mǔ”，“栉风沐雨”的“沐”、“睦邻友邦”的“睦”读“mù”;A项加点字都读“mò”。

2.【答案】C

【考情点拨】本题考查了识记现代汉语常用字的字形的能力。

【应试指导】A项“反聩”应为“反馈”;B项“人才倍出”应为“人才辈出”;D项“积毁消骨”应为“积毁销骨”。

3.【答案】D

【考情点拨】本题考查了正确使用词语的能力。

【应试指导】“从而”，表条件或因果关系，上文是原因、方法等，下文是结果、目的等;“进而”，表递进关系，表示在已有的基础上进一步。①句为因果关系，应用“从而”。“坚忍”，指在艰苦、困难的情况下，坚持而不动摇，侧重在不动摇;“坚韧”，意为坚固有韧性，侧重在不间断。②句根据语意，应用“坚韧”。“惊心动魄”，形容使人感受很深，震动很大;“动人心魄”，动人心弦，激动人心，非常动人。③句根据句意，应用“惊心动魄”。故选D。

4.【答案】C

【考情点拨】本题考查了成语的辨析和使用能力。

【应试指导】A项“惨绝人寰”是指人世间再没有那样凄惨的事，极言惨痛之甚;B项“大张旗鼓”是指声势和规模很大;C项“不孚众望”是指不为大家所信服，贬义，此句应该为“不负众望”;D项“鹅行鸭步”是形容步态迟缓而摇摆。

5.【答案】D

【考情点拨】本题考查了辨识病句的能力。

【应试指导】A项成分赘余，“正处于”多余，应删去;B项搭配不当，“使……提供”不能搭配，应是“为……提供”;C项有歧义，“不适当”可以有两种理解，一是管教不得法，二是缺少必要的管教。

6.【答案】C

【考情点拨】本题考查了语言表达的能力。

【应试指导】阅读可知①④与首句构成排比，且④句引领下文;⑦③句紧接④句解释“蒙太奇语言”，但是先有③才有②;②句紧接下文的“影像”，应放在最后。

二、(16分，每小题4分)

7.【答案】A

【考情点拨】本题考查了对文中语句含意的理解能力。

【应试指导】8项的“转账”方式指的是信用卡，概念混淆。C、D项均不是本质属性。

8.【答案】B

【考情点拨】本题考查了对文中语句含意的理解能力。

【应试指导】A项错误，买卖的是商品而非信息;C项将数字商品的交易功能偷换为陈列商品信息功能;D项表意不明。

9.【答案】D

【考情点拨】本题考查了对文中概念的把握。

【应试指导】根据第三段前两句可知选D。A项错误，电子现金本身是没有价值的，这一点与纸币相同;B项，匿名性是电子现金的固有特征，只能防范;C项，电子信息和其他数字信息一样容易被复制，这也是其基本特征，目前尚不能有效遏止。

10.【答案】A

【考情点拨】本题考查了根据原文推理判断的能力。

【应试指导】B、C、D三项均为既成事实。

三、(25分)

11.虽然出门在外，但仍受到村庄的照看，受村庄的牵挂。

12.①对“我”起到陪衬的作用，进一步表现和深化主题，不止我“带着村庄上路”，与村庄有着不可分割的关系，像我一样出门在外的入，都这样;

②表现村庄人美好的品质，表现村庄人对我的照看。

13.我已经把村庄作为一种骄傲，时时对人提起村庄。

14.使文章内涵丰富，意蕴深厚;语意清新，形象生动。

四、(25分)

15.严光字子陵，是会稽余姚人。年少的时候就很有名，与光武帝一起学习。等到光武帝当上皇帝，他就更名改姓，隐居起来，不见光武帝。光武帝想到他的贤能，于是派人按他的形貌特征查访。

16.从文中我们可以看出光武帝寻访严光的原因有：

(1)严光少有高名。

(2)与光武帝同游学，光武帝对他十分了解。

17.严子陵“以足加帝腹上”，表现了他狂傲不羁的性格特征。在严子陵归隐后，后人把他曾垂钓的地方起名严陵濑，以示纪念。

18.表现了离别的惆怅，但又突出了御敌卫国、责无旁贷的英雄气概。

19.首联以汉将霍去病与晋国大将魏绛的典故，点明了边关危急的战况，肯定了魏大从军的行为，并将魏大比作名将名臣，表达了诗人对魏大的赞扬。

五、作文(60分)

成考高起专英语强化试题及答案 篇3

《比较政府体制》

满分100分

一、简答题（每题15分，共30分）1.司法体制在现代政府体制中有哪些作用？

答：司法体制是现代政府体制的有机组成部分，整个政府体制的有效运作有赖于司法体制作用的充分发挥。

第一，司法体制有利于维护特定阶级的利益。司法体制是统治阶级意志的体现，就阶级实质而言，当代西方资本主义国家的司法体制都是实现资产阶级统治的工具，我国社会主义的司法体制则是实现人民民主专政任务的工具。

第二，司法体制有利于巩固和发展特定的经济基础。当代西方资本主义国家的司法体制是为巩固和发展资本主义经济基础服务的，我国社会主义司法体制是为巩固和发展社会主义经济基础服务的。第三，司法体制有利于教育和警示公民。司法机关通过审判活动仲裁争议的过程实际上就是法律精神和法律知识的传播过程，使公众在监督的同时对法律本身有了更深入的了解，对法律的威力产生了足够的敬畏。

2.国家元首都有哪些职权？

答：尽管各国国家元首所行使的职权有很大差别，但一般都拥有以下职权：

公布法律的权力，即法律经立法机关通过后，必须由国家元首公布，否则，法律不能生效；召集代议机关会议的权力；最高级别的外交权力；最高级别的统帅武装力量的权力；任免国家高级官吏的权力；赦免权；授予国家最高荣誉的权力。

二、辨析题：先判断对错，并说明理由（共20分）1.法国中央与地方政府关系的模式是单一分权模式。答：这句话是错误的。

法国中央地方关系是典型单一集权模式，其特点在于：中央与地方的权力关系是一种委托－代理关系。地方政府权力是中央让与的权力，其性质是不具有中央权力性质的一种地方自治权；中央通过行政监督和司法监督的方式对地方代议机关和地方行政长官实施控制和影响，保证国家的一体化，从而显示出明显的中央集权特征；地方政府的法律地位、行政地位和财政地位呈现出一种不断提高的发展趋势。这意味着地方分权在法国进入不断调整时期，地方分权地扩大主要体现在地方经济权力和公共行政权力方面。

三、论述题（共20分）1.试述我国人民代表大会的性质是什么？

答：人民代表大会是国家的权力机关，我国的一切权力属于人民，人民行使国家权力的机关是全国人民代表大会和地方各级人民代表大会。国家行政机关、审判机关、检察机关都由人民代表大会产生，对它负责，受它监督。人民代表大会是国家的惟一立法机关，只有全国人民代表大会和省级人民代表大会及其常务委员会才拥有立法权，立法权为人民代表大会所独享，是其最重要的权力，任何其他机构都无权制定和修改宪法、法律和法规。人民代表大会是国家的代议民主机关，中国的各级人民代表大会就是反映人民意愿和代表人民利益的代议机关，全国人民代表大会和地方各级人民代表大会都是由民主选举产生，对选民负责，受选民监督。全国和地方各级人民代表大会代表的选举单位和选民有权依照法律规定罢免由他们选出的代表。

四、材料分析题（共30分）

1．根据材料分析说明西方国家议会体制的特征有哪些？

材料1：“每隔几年决定一次究竟由统治阶级中的什么人在议会里镇压人民、压迫人民——这就是资产阶级议会制的真正本质，不仅在议会制的立宪君主国是这样，而且在最民主的共和国内也是这样。”——恩格斯

材料2：英国下院的议会党团是下院中的党派机构，包括各政党的议会党团和督导（又叫做党鞭），是政党在议会中执行党的纪律的负责人。在议会中，无论是执政党还是反对党都有督导，督导的职责是负责通知督促本党议员出席会议、参加辩论，尤其是遇到重要提案时，确保本党议员保持一致态度。如有本党议员违反党内纪律，督导负责对其进行处罚。

材料3：美国国会的议案一般经过提出、委员会审议、全院大会审议等程序。一院通过后，送交另一院，依次经过同样的程序。法案经两院通过后交总统签署；若总统不否决，或虽否决但经两院 2／3议员重新通过，即正式成为法律。

材料4：在资本主义出现以前，没有真正意义的政客，只有官僚，官僚是整个政治舞台的主角。随着资本主义社会的产生，一个新的职业政客阶层作为一种独立的角度登上政治舞台，从而根本改变了官场结构。

答：第一，西方国家议会的本质特征是为资产阶级统治服务。资本主义国家的议会体制符合资产阶级统治的需要。议会体制为资产阶级内部不同利益集团通过非暴力方式解决彼此间矛盾提供了可能，从而有利于维护整个阶级的根本利益，实现对整个社会的政治统治。议会体制也能在一定程度上满足其他阶级，包括无产阶级的需要，或者有效地蒙骗和麻痹其他阶级。议会体制通过定期的、开放式议会选举，通过另一些反对势力的存在，一方面有效遏止政权的腐败，另一方面不断更新国家政策，使国家和社会保持一定的清廉和活力，从而推动社会的发展。

第二，西方国家议会的主要特征是分权与制衡。西方国家议会与其他国家机关的关系的一个突出特征是，议会和行政、司法在地位上是平等的。一方面，议会只是国家的最高立法机关，掌握国家立法权；另一方面，它也承担制约其他国家机关，特别是行政机关的功能。第三，西方国家议员大多是职业政客。在现代西方国家的政治舞台上，活跃着两种人：由选举产生的党派政客和由任命而产生的职业官僚。职业官僚是指那些在政府的行政部门工作、处理具体和技术问题的官员，这些人通常由考选和委任产生。政客则是指那些以从事政治为职业的人，这些人必须通过选举产生。职业政客阶层的崛起在很大程度上改变了国家内部利益冲突的解决方式，抑制了官僚集权的扩张。