英文会议演讲稿

英文会议演讲稿（共7篇）

英文会议演讲稿 篇1

1.Welcome speech

Mr.Chairman,Ladies and gentlemen, distinguished guests,It is my great honor to declare the commencement of Beijing International Conference on Intellectual Property Rights.On behalf of the Chinese Government and people, and in my own name, I would like to extend my warm welcome to all the delegates and guests.I would also like to express my congratulations on the successful opening of the conference in Beijing.I wish to thank all the members of the organizing committee for their hard work, which has made this conference possible.The violation of intellectual property rights has become a serious problem facing the world today.Every year, for example, the computer software industry throughout the world suffers a heavy financial loss from worldwide reckless piracy, a loss that consequently compels the programmers and the manufacturers of the published software to raise the retail prices, thus shifting part of their loss to honest users.The protection of intellectual property rights has become a growing concern among all the nations of the international community.The participating countries at this conference have expressed their hope for joint efforts to wage a war against the violation of the copyrighted property and stop the wicked spread of piracy.I am convinced that this conference will reach an agreement on the protection of intellectual property rights.I wish the conference a complete success!Thank you very much.2.Closing Speech

Ladies and Gentlemen

Dear Colleagues

Thanks to the joint efforts and contribution from all participants, the Second General Conference of EASTICA is going to be closed successfully.In the past two days, we discussed the future activities of EASTICA, elected new members of the Executive Board, adopted the Resolution and decided the dates and place of the Third General Conference of EASTICA.We have reached agreements on all of these issues, which will be of great significance to EASTICA and to the future archival work of East Asia.Just as Charles KECSKEMETI said in his opening speech that the old Asia is at the time of dynamic economic development.Archival work should keep pace with this new situation and to meet the challenge.Taking this opportunity, I would like also to express thanks to William Wallach from the Bentley Historical Library of Michigan University and Qiu Xiaowei from the Central Archives of China for their excellent presentation on computer application in archives.I believe, these lectures are of great reference to computerization of archives management in East Asia.Here, on behalf of the organizing Committee of the XIIIth International Congress on Archives, I would like to invite all of you to come to Beijing to attend this conference.I hope to see you all next September in Beijing.On behalf of EASTICA, once again, I would like to express our gratitude to Macao Cultural Institute, to Maria Helena Lima Evora, Director of Macao Historical Archives and her colleagues for their hospitality and very delicate arrangement of this meeting.Now, I declare the closing of the Second General Conference of EASTICA.Thank you.

英文会议演讲稿 篇2

The 2009 BSA conference,the theme of which was"Local/Global Shakespeares",attracted scholars,educators,publishers,theatre practitioners,and other members from 28 countries worldwide.It posed two main areas of interest for delegates to focus on—localization and globalization of Shakespeare and his works which were studied,performed,translated,published and taught in the context of globalization and multiculturalism.The two supposedly separate entities"Local"and"Global"were considered together and their interweaving and interpenetrating relationships were highlighted,as shown by the topics of plenaries and panels such as"Shakespeare and Intercultural Performance","Global and Loca Emotion","Intercultural Shakespeare and the Modern"and"Interventions:Shakespeare's Globe,the Local and the Global".Even though localization of Shakespeare was still a popular topic,it was transformed by globalization,so Shakespeare was not merely located in Britain and he became localized in foreign countries such as China,Japan and African countries,as seen from some topics of the conference,for example,"Asian Shakespeares in Europe","Localizing Shakespeare in Asia""‘Shakespeares'and‘Africa'","Arab Shakespeares"and"European Shakespeares:Transformations&Innovation".

One of the highlights which also embodied the spirit of the conference was the performance of Bond—a Chinese opera-style production of The Merchant of Venice by the Taiwan Bangzi Theatre Company.Traditional Chinese stage properties,including a huge Chinese kitchen knife and an abacus,and the linguistic gems o Shakespeare's language were harmoniously integrated,which demonstrated that not only local Shakespeare and global Shakespeare could co-exist in a performance,but also that local Shakespeare and a local theatrical form like Bangzi could help each other to stay vital and vibrant.

This performance,together with a number of well-known scholars and topics related to performance and theatre,more or less showed a trend of Shakespearean research.Directors such as Rustom Bharucha and Ed Hall gave talks on theatrical performance,and Rustom Bharucha pointed out the importance of inter-culture and that even from misunderstanding other cultures he could surprisingly and gracefully find inspiration.In the context of globalization and multiculturalism the performance of Shakespeare can keep its vibrancy by uniting other theatrical forms.The seminar leader of"Asian Shakespeares in Europe",Alexander C.Y.Huang,who is also an editor of the project"Shakespeare performance in Asia"and the writer of Chinese Shakespeares:Two Centuries of Cultural Exchange,expressed his optimism about the future of the performance of Shakespeare in Asia.Other scholars who were also working in the area of performance studies,including Pascale Aebischer,showed their enthusiasm.Theatrical performances and performance studies were also linked with education by some educators."Theatre for young people"and"Representing Shakespeare to modern students"were such engagements in theatre education.At the BritGrad Shakespeare conferences 2010 and 2011,theatre education was also considered by speakers and delegates.Revolving around"Adapting Shakespeare for Education"and"Shakespeare and Education",there were exciting arguments and discussions.Shakespeare's language was as usual a scintillating topic at the two conferences.The panels of"Words,Words,Words"and"‘Words,Words,Mere Words':Shakespeare and Linguistics"gave their interpretations of Shakespeare's words and pointed out Shakespeare's broad command of vocabulary.The Armenian scholar Annie Martirosyan,who regarded Professor David Crystal's works on Shakespeare's language as her bible,showed her passion for Shakespeare's words in her fluent and extremely speedy presentation.In the forthcoming 2012 BSA conference Shakespeare's language is also a scintillating topic.The panel of"Shakespeare and Language",the workshop"Feeling Shakespeare's language"and the seminar"Language and Style Seminar",which will last three hours,all focus on Shakespeare's language.

Shakespeare is on the page and on the stage,local and global,and yet Shakespeare is beyond these.Other topics covered at the conferences include"Shakespeare and Music","Shakespeare and Film","Shakespeare and Children","Shakespeare and Religion","Shakespeare and Domesticity","Shakespeare and Education","Shakespeare and National Identity","Shakespeare,Politics and Morals"and"Shakespeare and the Supernatural".It seems that Shakespeare is everywhere and that everything can be related to Shakespeare.Is Shakespeare really everywhere?Is he like the ghost of the old Hamlet who is,as Hamlet says,"Hic et ubique"?Or is what we have captured merely the shadow of his shadow?Does Shakespeare"have that within which passeth show"like Hamlet?If he does,how can we access his inside depth by watching,reading,teaching,directing,acting and editing?The forthcoming BSA10th Anniversary Conference"Shakespeare Inside-out"in February 2012 will address similar topics.Words and performances including books,costumes,objects,screens and even actors'faces are outside surfaces through which we approach the inside depth of Shakespeare and his works.This conference will ask how the relationship between surface and depth operates in Shakespeare's work.

From the questions the conference aims to address and the topics at the conference we can see the focuses of it:inside and outside,surface and depth,and language,feeling and meaning.If we say that the 2009 BSA conference focused on the width of Shakespeare,the 2012 BSA conference is an attempt to dig into the depth of Shakespeare.Topics such as"Water–Surface,Depth,Meaning","Inside-out Communities"and"Shakespeare–Human Surfaces and Depths"must be among those exciting topics that Shakespeare scholars are looking forward to discussing.

Having a look at the four conferences,I think that it is not difficult to see some similarities and interesting phenomena shared by them.Firstly,theatrical performance is a highlight,especially at the two BSA conferences.At each conference at least one Shakespearean play is performed:Bond and Antony and Cleopatra at the BSA2009 conference,King Lear at the BritGrad 2010 conference,The Merchant of Venice at the BritGrad 2011 conference,and Much Ado About Nothing and Love's Labour's Lost at the forthcoming BSA10th Anniversary conference in 2012.After each performance the director,adaptors and actors talked about their ideas and feelings about the performance and the roles the actors played.After the performance of Bond"The Queen of Bangzi Opera"Hai-ling Wang,who was versatile and talented,shared her feeling about playing the role of the male character Shylock,and the distinguished professor and the adaptor Ching-His Perng expressed his viewpoint about accessing authenticity in terms of a criterion for judging the adaptation.His usage of the Chinese gastronomic term yuan zhi yuan wei(原汁原味,literally,"original gravy and original flavour")added a flavour to his speech as Bond did to the conference.The combination of theatrical performance and interactive discussion between delegates and people involved in the performance enlivened the conference and it was a bridge connecting Shakespeare on the page and Shakespeare on the stage.It was also a good opportunity for delegates to expand their horizons and explore Shakespeare and his plays from different perspectives.

Secondly,some emeritus professors and trustees of well-known theatres,such as Stanley Wells,Paul Edmondson and Andrew Gurr,have been very active in these conferences.Professor Stanley Wells is Chairman of the Trustees of Shakespeare's Birthplace,Emeritus Professor of Shakespeare Studies of the University of Birmingham and Honorary Emeritus Governor of the Royal Shakespeare Theatre.He has written numerous works on Shakespeare and the most recent one is Shakespeare,Sex–and Love.Some of his works,including Shakespeare's Sonnets and Coffee with Shakespeare,are co-authored with Paul Edmondson,who is Head of Learning at The Shakespeare Birthplace Trust,Honorary Fellow of The Shakespeare Institute,a Trustee of the Rose Theatre Trust and an Honorary Fellow of The Society for Teachers of Speech and Drama.At the BSA conference in 2009 they had an exciting and impressive dialogue on"The Plurality of Shakespeare's Sonnets"and in 2012 they will have a dialogue on"Shakespeare and Authorship".At the BritGrad 2011 conference Professor Stanley Wells also delivered a speech on his new book Shakespeare,Sex–and Love and his unique interpretation impressed the audience.Emeritus Professor Andrew Gurr,who talked about"Re-locating Early Modern Theatres:The Globe and the Rose"at the BSA conference in 2009,is also a plenary speaker at the forthcoming BSA conference.

Although theatrical performance and performance studies at the four conferences show the prosperity of Shakespeare on the stage,Shakespeare on the page is still evergreen.Shakespeare and authorship,love and passion,death and loss,memory and forgetting,poison and witchcraft are the topics many scholars pondered upon at the two BritGrad conferences.Shakespeare's plays were texts written for performance,so the page and the stage are both important.In terms of the themes and topics covered by the four conferences,Shakespeare on the page and Shakespeare on the stage,local Shakespeare and global Shakespeare,outside Shakespeare and inside Shakespeare are not regarded as separate entities any more The boundaries of bodies,cultures,time and space are crossed and their fluid and interwoven relationship are considered by more and more scholars and this perspective would help to access the truth and depth of Shakespeare as well as make the world of Shakespeare studies dynamic and rich.

参考文献

[1]周波澜,米仓.人文主义与英国文学——论莎士比亚作品中的人文主义[J].中北大学学报:社会科学版,2005(6).

英文演讲的语体特征 篇3

关键词:演讲,语体,特征

一.引言

我们对“文体”的理解有广狭二义,狭义的文体是指文学文体,广义的文体是指一种语言的各类文体。(秦秀白,1987)现代文体学不限于对作家及其作品的分析批评,而是运用现代语言学理论研究包括文学文戏在内的各类文体,如公文文体,广告文体,新闻文体,口语体,书面体等。英文演讲也是非文学文体的一种,本文就正式场合的英文演讲的语体特征进行分析。

演讲稿也叫演说辞,它是在较为隆重的仪式上和某些公众场所发表的讲话文稿。演讲稿是进行演讲的依据,是对演讲内容和形式的规范和提示,它体现着演讲的目的和手段,演讲的内容和形式。演讲稿是人们在工作和社会生活中经常使用的一种文体。它可以用来交流思想、感情,表达主张、见解;也可以用来介绍自己的学习、工作情况和经验……等等;演讲稿具有宣传、鼓动、教育和欣赏等作用,它可以把演讲者的观点、主张与思想感情传达给听众以及读者,使他们信服并在思想感情上产生共鸣。演讲和表演、作文有很大的区别。首先,演讲是演讲者(具有一定社会角色的现实的人,而不是演员)就人们普遍关注的某种有意义的事物或问题,通过口头语言面对一定场合(不是舞台)的听众(不是观看艺术表演的观众),直接发表意见的一种社会活动(不是艺术表演),其次,作文是作者通过文章向读者单方面的输出信息,演讲则是演讲者在现场与听众双向交流信息。严格地讲,演讲是演讲者与听众、听众与听众的三角信息交流,演讲者不能以传达自己的思想和情感、情绪为满足,他必须能控制住自己与听众、听众与听众情绪的应和与交流。最后,由于演讲人的背景(职业、性别、文化程度)不同,演讲的具体目的不同,演讲的具体对象不同,演讲人所使用的语音形式也不可能完全相同。(王佐良、丁往道,1987)

一篇好的演讲稿,通常要有很精彩的演讲词,以及很好的文体特征和篇章结构,同时还得考虑所演讲的对象。真正写好一篇演讲稿,拟稿人首先得了解演讲词的文体特征以及演讲词的篇章结构。本文旨在分析在正式英文演讲的特征, 故选了马丁﹒路德﹒金的著名演讲I Have a Dream(我有一个梦想)(以下称为第一篇)以及克林顿1993年就职演讲(以下称为第二篇),对英文演讲的语体特征作分析。

二.英文演讲的语体特征

1.1 语音特征

语音是贯穿全部说话活动、人们进行交流思想,沟通情感和创作文艺等活动,一切都离不开语言的声音。语音是语言的基础,也是研究文体的要素。英文演讲的受众主要以听来接受信息,声音的感染力很重要。演讲者在重音、语调、节奏等这几方面来增强演讲效果。虽然演讲是以口头表达的形式表现,但与日常对话型的口语却不大一样。在演讲中,发音都十分清楚,极少用吞音、压缩音或者缩略词。如第二篇演讲中不用“we haven’t done so”而用上“ we have not done so”,这样显得该演讲更加的正式和严肃。

演讲稿应力求语言层次清晰,逻辑性强,句子精悍有力,文字朗朗上口,语言节奏感强。我们在读克林顿的这篇演讲稿的时候,就发现读起来很上口。是因为演讲者善于利用英语的规律,把非重音和重音的内容安排在一个句群或者段落里,使得重读音节的间隔大致相等。这样的节奏感使得演讲听上去抑扬顿挫,更加富有感染力。

节奏,是指演讲内容在结构安排上表现出的张弛起伏。 演讲稿结构的节奏,主要是通过演讲内容的变换来实现的。演讲内容的变换,是在一个主题思想所统领的内容中,适当地插入幽默、诗文、轶事等内容,以便听众的注意力既保持高度集中而又不因为高度集中而产生兴奋性抑制。优秀的演说家几乎没有一个不擅长于使用这种方法。演讲稿结构的节奏既要鲜明,又要适度。平铺直叙,呆板沉滞,固然会使听众紧张疲劳,而内容变换过于频繁,也会造成听众注意力涣散。所以,插入的内容应该为实现演讲意图服务,而节奏的频率也应该根据听众的心理特征来确定。

停顿的运用也是为了更好的传达信息,它不但能引起听众的注意,还能给听众足够的时间来理解讲话人的意图。比如在第二篇演讲中,克林顿就在第二段的地方做了停顿,给前任总统老布什致意,伴随的是听众们的热烈掌声。

1.2 词汇特征

不同的文体常要求使用不同的词语,英文演讲也一样需要具有其特色的词汇来表现这一文体特征。

英文演讲文体中的用词明显比日常谈话复杂,难词、抽象词相对来说比较多。在第一篇演讲中共有100个六个字母以上的词,占众数的27.1%,双词素或者多词素的词的数量也明显增加,第一篇演讲中共有35个,占9.5%。在演讲文体中,难词的使用频率也是比较高的,如在第二篇演讲中出现的steadfastness,instantaneously,devastates,revitalize,intrigue,animosities等这些词很少在其他的文体中出现,这些词的使用一方面增加了理解的难度,也使得语言更为正式、庄重,增加了演讲的说服力。

其次,用第一人称代词也是英文演讲的词汇特征之一。在演讲中,使用最多的代词是第一人称代词,即I(me)和we (our), 其次是第二人称you, 第三人称则用得最少。这是因为演讲常常要提出自己的观点和看法,用I 是十分正常的。而we的使用又能拉近演讲者和听众之间的距离,让听众也融入演讲者的演讲中去。

据考察发现,在克林顿的就职演讲中,总共出现了154次人称代词,其分布如下表:

从该表格的数据分析来看,人称代词的31.8%用的是第一人称复数主格(we),而第二人称复数主格(you)只占了3.2%,第三人称的单数主格则没有出现(0%)。由于克林顿的演讲是“就职演讲”,所以在他的演讲中就把自己和美国人们联系在一起,we这个词可以包括说话人和受话人,强调克林顿作为总统会和美国人们一起努力的构建美国美好的未来。

1.3 句子特征

演讲的本质在于“讲”,而不在于“演”,它以“讲”为主、以“演”为辅。由于演讲要诉诸口头,拟稿时必须以易说能讲为前提。如果说有些文章和作品主要通过阅读欣赏,领略其中意义和情味,那么,演讲稿的要求则是“上口入耳”。一篇好的演讲稿对演讲者来说要可讲;对听讲者来说应好听。

从两篇例文来看,演讲文体的句子长度都比较长。句子长度的充分扩展是扩大句子信息量和提高句子表达各种逻辑关系能力的前提和基础。(侯维瑞,1988)在第一篇演讲中,共有1550个词,平均句长是22.5个词,其中最长的句子有57个词;第二篇演讲共1600个词,平均句长是23个词,其中最长的句子有85个词。这两篇演讲的平均句长都超过了整个英语的平局含词量(17.6词/句)。句子长度的增大了理解难度,但也产生了高雅、庄重的文体效果。随着句子长度的增加,句子结构也更加复杂。以第二篇演讲的第一段为例,共五句话,简单句只有一句,复合句有四句。有并列句,也有状语从句、定语从句构成了开场的第一段。另外,句子中大量使用动词词组和名词词组。

从句子类型上看,公众英文演讲中没有日常对话的不完整句,也没有广告或者解说文体中的小句;所有句子都是规范和完整的句子。这也是因为演讲都是事先写好演讲稿,所以也就不会有说到一半就断的现象。公众演讲的另外一个特点就是陈述句占绝大多数。它的目的是使语调平衡,给人以庄重感、严肃感。此外祈使句的使用也是演讲文体的特色之一。例如在第一篇演讲中就有这样的句子“Let freedom ring from the mighty mountains of New York. Let freedom ring from the heightening Alleghenies of Pennsylvania! Let freedom ring from the snowcapped Rockies of Colorado! Let freedom ring from the curvaceous peaks of California! But not only that; let freedom ring from Stone Mountain of Georgia! Let freedom ring from Lookout Mountain of Tennessee! Let freedom ring from every hill and every molehill of Mississippi. From every mountainside, let freedom ring. ”祈使句的作用是向听众进行直接的呼吁,激起大家的热情,祈使句有很大的煽动作用。

1.4 修辞特征

英文演讲文体中,修辞手段的运用是多种多样的,用感情色彩浓烈的语词来点题,以期引起听众的内心的共鸣。这种共鸣的实现,也是符合演讲的第一人称语言角度的特性的。

句法方面主要是排比、对偶和重复修辞格。比如马丁•路德•金的的演说,为了点明题旨以增强感染力,就反复“描述”了“我梦想有一天”的情景,每一个情景就是一个镜头,连续组成主观与客观相融为一体的连续不断的“画面群”,既强烈地渲染主题,实际上也是一种颇为艺术的点题方法。又比如在克林顿的演讲中的一段话“we rededicate ourselves to the very idea of America, an idea born in revolution, and renewed through two centuries of challenge, an idea tempered by the knowledge that but for fate, we, the fortunate and the unfortunate, might have been each other; an idea ennobled by the faith that our nation can summon from its myriad diversity, the deepest measure of unity; an idea infused with the conviction that America's journey long, heroic journey must go forever upward. ”这当中对idea的四个解释就构成了一种排比,让听众更加深刻的理解克林顿对这个词所赋予的深刻意义。

在语义方面最主要的修辞手段是比喻。比喻有明喻,也有暗喻。在克林顿的演讲一开始就巧妙的用了这样具有暗喻成分的句子来开场“This ceremony is held in the depth of winter, but by the words we speak and the faces we show the world, we force the spring.”这里的spring(春天)就暗示着美好的明天,和演讲的时间winter(冬天)形成了对比。比喻的使用使得语言更加生动形象,易于理解,也让听众有会心一笑的感觉。好的演讲自有一种激发听众情绪、赢得好感的鼓动性。要做到这一点,要依靠演讲稿思想内容的丰富、深刻,见解精辟,有独到之处,发人深思,而比喻能够把一些看起来平淡的事物与人们的期望联系起来,这样演讲就更加富有感染力。

1.5 语篇特征

1.5.1层次

层次是演讲稿思想内容的表现次序,它体现着演讲者思路展开的步骤,也反映了演讲者对客观事物的认识过程。由于演讲是直接面对听众的活动,所以演讲稿的结构层次是听众无法凭借视觉加以把握的,而听觉对层次的把握又要受限于演讲的时间。

根据听众以听觉把握层次的特点,显示演讲稿结构层次的基本方法就是在演讲中树立明显的有声语言标志,以此适时诉诸于听众的听觉,从而获得层次清晰的效果。演讲者在演讲中反复设问,并根据设问来阐述自己的观点,就能在结构上环环相扣,层层深入。此外,演讲稿用过渡句,或用“首先”(firstly)、“其次”(secondly)、“然后”(lastly)等语词来区别层次,也是使层次清晰的有效方法。

1.5.2衔接

衔接是指把演讲中的各个内容层次联结起来,使之具有浑然一体的整体感。由于演讲的节奏需要适时地变换演讲内容,因而也就容易使演讲稿的结构显得零散。衔接是对结构松紧、疏密的一种弥补,它使各个内容层次的变换更为巧妙和自然,使演讲稿富于整体感,有助于演讲主题的深入人心。演讲稿结构衔接的方法主要是运用同两段内容、两个层次有联系的过渡段或过渡句。

1.5.3结尾

结尾要简洁有力,余音绕梁。结尾是演讲内容的自然收束。言简意赅、余音绕梁的结尾能够使听众精神振奋,并促使听众不断地思考和回味;而松散疲沓、枯燥无味的结尾则只能使听众感到厌倦,并随着事过境迁而被遗忘。怎样才能给听众留下深刻的印象呢?美国作家约翰•沃尔夫说:“演讲最好在听众兴趣到高潮时果断收束,未尽时嘎然而止。”这是演讲稿结尾最为有效的方法。在演讲处于高潮的时候,听众大脑皮层高度兴奋,注意力和情绪都由此而达到最佳状态,如果在这种状态中突然收束演讲,那么保留在听众大脑中的最后印象就特别深刻。

三.结论

从以上对这两篇演讲的分析,我们知道正式的英文演讲文体比日常的对话等文体更为正式,庄重。语音结构也相当复杂,但是并非让人觉得不知其所云。演讲者运用了各种演讲的技巧,使语言更加有号召力和感染力。另外由于演讲都是之前准备,其语言风格也不免要受书面语的影响,所以这些都让演讲文体成为独具一格的一类文体。

参考文献:

1.秦秀白,《文体学概论》 【M】长沙:湖南教育出版社, 1987

2.王佐良、丁往道,《英语文体学引论》【M】北京:外语教学与研究出版社,1987

3.侯维瑞,《英语语体》【M】上海:上海外语教育出版社,1988

4.王守元、郭鸿、苗兴伟(主编),《文体学研究在中国的进展》【M】上海:上海外语教育出版社,2004

英文会议资助申请 篇4

会议资助申请书

Dear conference organizer: I learned from the website that the International Conference on Prize Nitrides which will be held in next summer in San Francisco ,US.Since I have been undertaking research on GaN for many years, I am very interested in attending this conference.I noticed that you offer financial assistance to a limited number of attendants, I am phD candidate in Department of Electronic, ** University.To students, we have not enough funds for attending the international conferences.However I am very eager to attend the conference.Because I have do many years on this field and recently I got some good result to communicate with the experts and scholars from all countries.I would be very appreciate if I can get the assistance.I am looking forward to your favorable reply.Sincerely yours

英文会议通知 篇5

The Graduate Students Education Conference will be held on March 23-25, in Guilin University of Electronic Technology. Everyone t begin to register and report for duty on March 23 night, Friday. Activities on March 24, Saturday, include Keynote Speaker make a speech, theses economic exchanges and dinner.

It will be theses economic exchanges all day on March 25, Sunday, and we shall put the conference to an end at night. The Graduate school of Guilin University of Electronic Technology will host this special and significative conference and looking forward to the participants come to Guilin University of Electronic Technology to attend the conference.

Task 2: Translate the conference notice into Chinese.

International E-Education Conference

A Conference organized by the China Computer Association will be held at Tsinghua University, Beijing, Friday 26 — Sunday 28 November .

会议记录英文 篇6

Project name: talk about the PowerPoint

Date of meeting: May 18,

Minutes prepared by: Zhang Huizhuan

Charge time to: 20 minutes

1. Purpose of the meeting

Make the PowerPoint for the topic of business results, and definite the role of the whole presentation

2. Attendance at meeting

Zhang Huizhuan Li Gaojie Qiu Min Li Yajun Zhen Peipei Chen Na Liu Dan Niu Pu

3. Meeting agenda

(1) Talk about the member’s order of giving the presentation

(2) Definite the part of every member

(3) Rehearse the presentation and control the time and order of the whole presentation

4. Meeting notes, decision, issues

Everyone has her task.

Give the prefect logo of the company;

Zhang Huizhuan are the first spokeswoman,who is prepared for the first part of introduction,

Niu Pu will introduce the company;

Qiu Min and other three members give a small talk;

Li Yajun shows the product and Chen Na shows the sales chart.

英文会议演讲稿 篇7

According to Halliday, the adult’s language becomes much more complex and it has to serve many more functions, which are meta-functions, one of which is interpersonal function (Hu, 2007) .Barack Obama, in his addresses, uses the language to set up closer and deeper relationship with voters, create his own image, and influence votes’behavior.Voters are often deeply moved by his speeches.Thus, Obama’s speech can be seen in the full realization of the interpersonal function.His Weekly Radio Address can be analyzed to see the detailed realization in this paper.

2、Literature Review

2.1、Related Studies

Hewes, Roloff, Planalp and Reibold believe that in order to identify key areas of both agreement and controversy in the study of interpersonal communication, they propose such a hierarchy of skills.

Li Zhanzi (2002) points out that pronoun, tense, direct speech, indirect speech, reflective expression and appraisal methods can also show interpersonal function.She suggests that the interpersonal function of language should be studied from different perspectives in different theories.

Each of the theories mentioned above has its merits as well as demerits in dealing with the interaction in speech.This thesis will absorb the merits from these theories to explore the interpersonal function realized in the specific discourse of political public speech.

2.2、Features of Public Political Speech

Political speech here refers to those given by authorities with political purposes in order to influence a certain group of people.From the definition, we may easily infer the features of political speech.The first is the multiple aims, and the other is the power with which the aims are enforced upon the hearers.

In a political speech, power is a prominent feature that deserves our attention, speaking effectively in public is one of the oldest and most powerful weapons.Obvious examples from the last century include Lenin, Churchill, de Gaulle, Castro and Martin Luther King.As politicians, they represented a very wide range of opinions and beliefs.But one thing they all have in common is a quite extraordinary ability to captivate their audiences, inspire crowds and mobilize mass opinions (Atkinson, 1984) .

3、Case Study

3.1、Mood

Mood is made up of two parts:the“Subject”and the“Finite”element.The subject can be a noun, a noun phrase, or a clause.As subjects, the personal pronouns play an important part.The choice of personal pronouns can not only indicate their existence of the speaker and the listeners but also indicate the speaker’s attitudes and their relationship.In this article, there are 20“we”s, 6“I”s and 2“you”s as the subject.For example,

“That’s why we’re pursuing an all-of-the-above strategy.We’re producing more biofuels, more fuel-efficient cars, more solar power, more wind power.“

The frequent use“we”as subjects can make Obama and the public stand on the same position as if they have common goals, tasks and interests.Besides, “I”can highly identify the identity of Obama as the President of the USA.He, the President, is working hard for the new policy and a happier and more comfortable life of all Americans.Obama tells the public his great effort sincerely with“I”.The publics should be deeply touched.

However, in the sentences“Now, you wouldn’t know it by listening to some of the folks running for office today“, “you”is the subject.It can stress the exit of the audience and make the address more interactive and communicative.

3.2、Modality and Modulation

Halliday believes that modality the speaker’s judgment and prediction toward a statement.Modulation refers to the scale of obligation and inclination in proposals (offers and demands) , where the meaning of the positive and negative poles is prescribing and proscribing.Both obligation and inclination can be expressed in either of the two ways: (1) by finite modal operators; (2) by an expansion of (上接第176页)

the Predicator such as a passive verb or an adjective (Liu, 2007) .

In the article, there are 5“will”s, 3“would”s and 3“can”s.For example,

“You see, in a matter of days, funding will stop for all sorts of transportation projects.Construction sites will go idle.Workers will have to go home.And our economy will take a hit.”

Obama use modal auxiliaries such as“will”, “might”, “would”to express his blueprint and his confidence, determination and persistence to the new policy.He desires to get the support and trust from publics.

In order to promote the ruling ideology and seek public support, Obama use a lot of offers and statements in parallelism in this address, for example,

“Under my Administration, we’re producing more oil than at any other time in the last eight years.We’ve quadrupled the number of operating oil rigs to a record high.And we’ve added enough oil and gas pipeline to circle the entire Earth and then some.Those are the facts.”

Also, in the following sentence, Obama stimulate the public’s with the contrast power of a positive and a negative statement to emphasize his assumption,

“I don’t want to cede these clean energy industries to China or Germany or any other country.I want to see solar panels and wind turbines and fuel-efficient cars manufactured right here in America, by American workers.”

This kind of sentences can appeal to the audience directly, catch their attention and arouse their enthusiasm.In addition, these statements can also weaken the power relationship, so that the speaker and the audience to keep a relationship of equality and mutual trust.The publics believe that their President is working for them wholeheartedly.

4、Conclusion

This thesis uses Obama’s Weekly Radio Address as an example to demonstrate how interpersonal function is generally realized in a political speech.It is found that Obama makes good use of the complex references of personal pronouns, the ambiguity of the moda auxiliaries, and the various ways to convey imperativeness implicitly to achieve various purposes in his speech.His tactic uses of these linguistic elements have achieved the multiple aims in a speech and also showed his creativity in making a political speech.These factors determine and influence the interpersonal function of language and also meet the communicative function of the language.Thus, the speaker exploits the language to the utmost to achieve his aims.

参考文献

[1]、Atkinson, M.Our Master’s Voices The Language and Body Language of Politics[M].London:Routledge.1984.

[2]、Bach, K.&Harnish, M.Linguistic Communication and Speech Acts[M].Cambridge/Massachusetts:MIT.1979.

[3]、Halliday, M.A.K.An Introduction to Functional Grammar[M].Beijing:Foreign Language Teaching and Reach Press.2000.

[4]、胡壮麟.《语言学教程》[M].北京:北京大学出版社.1988.

[5]、李战子.《话语的人际意义研究》[M].上海:上海外语教育出版社.2002.