申请美国大学的文书素材选择

2024-05-22

申请美国大学的文书素材选择（共6篇）

申请美国大学的文书素材选择篇1

申请美国大学的文书素材选择（2016版）

在每个申请季，AADPS的老师们总会发现不少意图申请一流美国大学的中国高中生不知道如何选择写进留学文书里面的素材。虽然他们在国内早已接受过长达数十年的中文作文训练，面对千奇百怪的美国大学留学文书题目仍然力有不逮。有的时候，当他们回忆起自己之前的生活时，感觉脑中一片空白，似乎没有任何东西值得一写。另一些时候，他们想起了过去的种种酸甜苦辣：

「我参加了一次去南极的旅行」

「我在美国的寄宿家庭里度过了很愉快的时光」

「我去云南参加了一次中草药的考察」

「我举办了学校本年度的亚洲文化祭」

「我创立了我们学校第一个滑板社」

面对这一个接一个的成就，他们往往不知道如何取舍，恨不得一股脑儿全部塞到短短的留学文书里去。但是单凭数百英文单词，想把一个故事的来龙去脉说清楚尚且不易，所以最终的结果成了一篇什么都写了一点，但什么都没说清楚的流水账。

另外一个方面来说，留学文书选材的重要性，其实是在逐年提升的。陈欣老师每年都要带着AADPS的老师们把所有重要的美国大学文书题目全部过一遍，也因此发现了一个明显的大趋势：文书题目正在从对空的论述（后面提到的第四象限）转向务实的记叙（后面提到的第一象限，当然再扭过一点就到第二象限去了）。这种变化，据我们推断，也是因为申请人数近年来的稳步增长，让学校意识到之前天马行空式文书的一些弊端——很多人有真才实学，但反而不好在这方面体现；而有些人擅长于在写作上发挥，但是被学校录取之后实际能力却不相匹配。所以用大白话说，学校想踏踏实实的了解：你是谁？从哪里来？到哪里去？

留学申请象限

AADPS的老师们认为，引人入胜的留学文书，首先要构筑在丰满动人的素材基础上。这就是为什么我们提倡每位学生在开始正式的写作前都要有一个从一天到数天不等的头脑风暴过程。通过把自己以往的经历在纸面上充分整理，并尝试利用留学申请象限来进行定位，学生们将能更好的了解自身优势和劣势，在此基础上进行素材的挑选和分配。

对学生而言，他在网申系统里所填写的每一项活动和其他特殊情况都可以在留学申请象限上找到一个相应的点。这个点横轴上越靠右，代表此经历对学生自身的影响越大。与之相对的，纵轴上越向上，说明此经历对学生周围人的影响越大。在两轴交汇的位置，代表整体中国申请者的平均水平。整体上来看，横轴和纵轴将整个平面分成了四个象限，逆时针编号下来分别是第一象限（探索者）、第二象限（领袖）、第三象限（凡人）和第四象限（哲学家）。

横轴（自我影响）刻度

•300: 极为特殊的身份—黄黑混血儿

•250: 父母特殊情况—市级干部、上市公司高管

•150: 特殊的成长环境—父母过世、孤儿、家暴受害者、残疾、非中国籍（发展中国家）•100: 特殊的成长环境—逆境、人生变故、重大疾病、非中国籍（母语非英语的发达国家）•80: 坚持了五年以上的特殊习惯

•70: 父母影响—校友、大学教授、企业家、子承父业 •50: 自身特殊情况—不同的性取向、严重但不致命的错误 •45: 人生感悟及跨文化经历 •20: 坚持了一年以上的特殊习惯 •10: 丰富的日常生活—实习、乐团

•-5: 日常生活—参加SAT考试、学习物理

•-20: 无意义的日常生活—家务劳动、体育运动 •-50: 无意义的日常生活—吃饭、喝水

请注意即便是完全相同的经历，对于不同人的影响可能是截然相反的。学生需要依据自身的主观感受对每一经历的横坐标进行修正。

纵轴（他人影响）刻度

•200: 影响了数万人—少年作家

•100: 影响了万人—正规国际比赛奖项 •60: 影响了五千人—正规国家比赛奖项 •40: 影响了千人—三好学生、校报编辑

•30: 影响了百人—社团创始人、有成果的社区服务、网络意见领袖 •20: 影响了数十人—活动领导

•-5: 影响了十人—帮助同学解答问题、支教、募捐

•-20: 影响了至亲或死党—家务劳动、恋爱、疾病、体育运动 •-50: 私生活—吃饭、喝水

象限

每一个经历的坐标在确定以后，将落在四个象限中的一个，按照逆时针顺序，我们有： 1.探索者(Adventurer)：这是最优先出现在留学文书中的素材。在这样的经历里，学生既对周围的世界产生的巨大影响，自身也同时有了极大转变，因此会非常有话可说。一般的美国大学申请者均需要找出两三个落在此象限中的事例，并优先用在重要性较大的留学文书中（例如Common申请系统的主文书）。绝大部分的文书题目期待的也是这种类型经验的分享。2.领袖(Leader)：在这一类型的素材里学生自身的存在感差了一些，但是他为身边人群所付出的努力已被证明是有充分回报的。一般多元化并强调政治正确的公立大校会希望通过专门的题目来了解申请者在这方面的情况。

3.凡人(Everybody)：普通人在大多数时候的生存状态。无论是作者还是读者都很了解，所以一般没有必要再大肆渲染了。偶尔有留学文书题目会涉及到相关的情况，大多数情况照实回答即可。例外的是对自己留级、违纪或屡次转学等负面情况的解释，这是需要仔细考虑的。4.哲学家(Philosopher)：对于非同寻常的状况，一定有必要解释清楚并体现在自身成长中发生的作用。但即便是私人独有想法和见解，仍不失为一种对核心申请文书的很好补充，能够更加立体的呈现学生形象。强调博雅教育(liberal arts education)精英名校很希望通过留学文书这一途径来考察申请者的思维深度和与学校文化的契合度。

案例

为帮助读者更好的理解如何把自身的经历映射到留学申请象限上，下面给出一些示例素材以及所对应的坐标值：

•(170, 25)：学生的父亲是一名救火队员，后英勇殉职。学生一开始不能理解这种选择，但在随后的数月里逐渐意识到了他父亲所代表的「责任感」的深刻意义，于是身体力行，在学业上、家庭上和社区服务上都有了一定的成就。横轴在150的基础上考虑到父亲的职业背景酌情增加。纵轴依据活动的客观影响力界定在20与30之间。

•(80, 60)：学生组织兴趣社团翻译冷门的时政海外新闻，运营自己的公众号和网站。注意一般情况下纵坐标这块没有这么高，是因为切入点比较讨巧，美国学校会欣赏，无形中加大了活动在他们心中的分量。

•(20, 60)：学生自小参加国家级合唱团，参与过数百场国内外演出，与老师和同学们结下了深厚友情。横轴考虑到是一个长期习惯，本应该在80左右，但合唱本身还是比较常规的活动，而且再加上仅仅是团体活动中的一分子，所以要减小到20。纵轴也是考虑到经历本身的性质也由国际性影响力的80基准值减小到60。

•(80, 40)：学生随研究机构在西部志愿并义务发放药品，意外的发现药品的原材料即是产自当地。本身材料比较中规中矩，但横轴加了20分是因为这个研究机构刚出了中国第一个科研方面的诺贝尔奖。

•(80, 0)：学生在国内上的大学，从计算机换到医学，然后发现不大喜欢就gap然后直接申请转到美国学校学数学。属于乖乖女的类型，唯一能说得上的领导力体现是在高中阶段竞选上了班长。在充分发挥这一点的基础上，我们利用了中美医学院性质的不同，凸显了学生的优秀，把本来可能被认为是负面影响的转专业经历处理成了学生的最大优势。

•(60, 10)：因为家庭投资的缘故，学生要横跨半个美国安排一次搬家，也要代替语言不通的母亲和当地的房东一一沟通租一个满意的house。遇到的逆境在横轴上加分不少，也特别注意了强调对自己家庭责任感和沟通能力的培养，因此纵轴也有一些加成。•(40,-5)：学生处在青春叛逆期，但在去美国首都参观的过程中被国父们的进取精神所感染，最终浪子回头并发奋图强。作为相对重要的人生感悟在横轴上可能有30左右，但是加上国际化视角有一点适当的加分。对他人的影响力基本上就可以忽略不计了。

•(10,-20)：学生小时候在家长的严加管教下练习钢琴，最终考到了业余九级，回头看来非常感谢父母对自己品格的磨炼。横轴考虑到学生现在并未把音乐作为事业，也中断了练习，且申请者中有音乐才能是一件很普遍的事情，最终只能有10左右。纵轴考虑到没有具体例子证明美德后续的发扬，也没有参加任何正规乐团表演，就会落到平均水平以下。

申请美国大学入学文书范本篇2

I guess it was inevitable that I’d be on hockey skates at some point in my life, but I did not expect that I’d become one of a rare group of female ice hockey officials before I even reached high school. Being born into a family of hockey players and figure skaters, it seemed that my destiny had already been decided.

Right from the beginning, my two older brothers and my father strapped me up and threw me onto the ice. I loved it and, in my mind, I was on my way to becoming a female Gretzky! But my mom had to think of something fast to drag her little girl away from this sport of ruffians. Enter my first hot pink figure skating dress! That was all it took to launch fifteen years of competitive figure skating. Even though figure skating soon became my passion, I always had an unsatisfied yearning for ice hockey. It took a great deal of convincing from my parents that competitive figure skating and ice hockey didn’t mix. My compromise became refereeing ice hockey; little did I know that I was beginning an activity that would influence my character and who I am today. When I began, I would only work with my dad and brothers. Everyone was friendly and accepting because I had just started. I soon realized though that to get better I needed to start refereeing with people I wasn’t related to, and that’s when my experience drastically changed. An apologetic smile and an “I’m sorry” wasn’t going to

get me through games now. As I began officiating higher-level games and dealing with more arrogant coaches, I suddenly entered a new male-dominated world, a world I had never experienced before. My confidence was shot, and all I wanted to do was get through each game and be able to leave. Sometimes I was even too scared to skate along the teams’ benches because I would get upset by what the coaches would yell to me. “Do you have a hot date tonight, ref?” was a ty///picment that coaches would spit at me during the course of a game. In their eyes, I did not belong on that ice, and they were going to do whatever they could do to make sure no women wanted to officiate their games. I was determined not to let them chase me off the ice.

I made the decision to stand up for myself. I never responded rudely to the coaches, but I did not let them walk all over me and destroy my confidence anymore. I started to act and feel more like the 4-year certified Atlantic District Official that I am. There were still a few situations that scared me. One time I called a penalty in a championship game during the third overtime and the team I penalized ended up losing because they got scored on. I knew I had made the right call, even though I was unnerved when I saw the losing teams’ parents waiting for me at my locker room; for the moment I wished I hadn’t called that penalty. Although it was scary at the time, I stood my ground and overcame my fears. That was an important

stepping-stone in my officiating career and in my life.

After four years of refereeing, I still can’t say it’s easy. Every game hands me something new and I never know what to expect. Now I have the confidence and preparation to deal with the unexpected, on and off the ice. I now also know to take everything with a grain of salt and not let it get to me. I have learned that life is just like being out on the ice; if I am prepared and act with confidence, I will be perceived as confident. These are the little lessons that I’m grateful to have learned as a woman referee.

Things to Notice About This Essay

1. The author tells an interesting story about her experiences as a referee.

2. A sense of her personality—determination, flexibility, good humor—comes through in the narration.

3. Details like “Do you have a hot date tonight, ref?” make the narration memorable (we’d love to hear more of these kinds of details).

4. The essay needs a faster start. The first paragraph (three sentences) says the same thing in both the first and third sentences—and gives away the essay’s surprise in the second! A good revision would all of paragraph one and start at paragraph two.

5. There’s too much frame here and not enough picture. The essay needs further development, especially about the difficulties of

becoming and being a ref, to keep it vivid.

6. The author should “dwell” in the meaning of the experience a little more at the end—“I wonder about…I also think…Sometimes I believe….” Significant experiences like this one, woven through many years of the author’s life, don’t mean just one thing—there are more insights and lessons to explore here.

yours Sincerely

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文书会踩到的坑

误区1.用很多深奥的句式词汇

出色的ps从未偏离过“我是谁?”和“我能提供些什么?”

从这两个主题介绍自身，描述你作为有竞争力候选者的潜能。因此，将个人生涯中涉及主题的主要成就，转折点和大事件必须相应地着重突出，将生涯中决定性事件单独拎出来。要尽量以简单容易常用的词汇来表达，写完后，自己先读一遍或者请别人看看，如果读完没什么感觉，继续改吧。多检查英文的时态、性别及单多数等方面的错误。自己也可以用手机读一遍并录下来，回放听听是否有问题。

如果你感到自己写很吃力的话，你可以求助专业的文书机构或者学长学姐，记住要尽可能减少你的时间成本，求助他人真的不丢人，虽然我也鼓励DIY。

误区2.什么都想写，没有取舍

文书不是CV，不需要罗列经历面面俱到。一般选取3个经历比较好，多了就是蜻蜓点水了，少了太单薄;选取突出自己特点，与众不同的经历。选取能写出具体细节的经历。经历多样化，不要全部都是实习经历，全部都是社团经历，或全部都是上课经历，而是搭配。

比如教育学的话是强调理论和实践结合的学科，因此文书里最好有1-2件教育实践的经历，不需要太高大上，本科生写写家教等都是可以接受的。最重要的是自己通过这个实践对教育理念的感悟和反思。

申请书填写指南

1、先注册一个ID

相信类似APPLYNOW或APPLY ONLINE醒目字眼大家都能看到.点这些连接就是打开在线申请的。有的学校是在研究生院招生网页上，有的是学院招生网页上，比如College of Engineering;还有的是在各个系自己的网页上。

一般正式填表前要注册一个ID，填自己的用户名和密码，确认成功后就可以用这个登陆了。注册了ID后可以使用其反复登陆填写系统需要的信息，只需要根据要求并在Deadline前提交即可。现在的网申系统包括了个人基本信息，推荐，PS等内容。有的网申系统还包括了状态查询，可以查询到自己邮寄材料是否到达，是否被录取等信息。

2、如何填写网申表格-

填写网申表格采取两种方式，一是在线填写申请表，二是下载PDF申请表打印出，最后再和申请材料一起邮寄回去。第一种方式十分快捷，集中体现网申优势;第二种方式不能称作纯粹网申，有容易掌握、填写方优势，整理、寄送起麻烦。推荐大家将两种方式结合起。

在线填写个人资料和申请信息时，最好常用文本内容准备好，放一边，填表时直接拷贝，方且易出错。如果遇到理解或确定地方，先空，搞清楚后，再登陆上去填写。灵活修改网申最大亮点一。一般说，填写完全部内容后，应当全面检查一至两遍后，再最终提交。最终提交提交后，能再作修改。

3、网申中PS和简历如何提交-

很多学校网申系统要求申请者线提交PS和简历，才能完成在线申请。有些学校对PS和Resume写法有特殊要求。对于这样样学校，首先按学校要求先准备好PS和简历，再拷贝上去。千万不要在网申的编辑界面中直接撰写，一旦出现网络链接不通畅的情况，你的功夫就白费了。

4、推荐表和推荐信如何填写-

有些学校有自己专门推荐信格式和推荐表格。先要求考生填上自己基本信息，再让推荐人回答一些问题，例如和申请者关系，认识多久，从多个方面如何评分等待。必须下载推荐表格，并打印出，要保证推荐人正确地进行填写。

美国大学留学申请文书写作介绍篇3

美国留学申请文书的内容一般包括留学个人陈述、简历、推荐信和Essay。

一、留学个人陈述

留学个人陈述就是我们常说的留学PS，个人陈述是极其重要的美国留学申请材料之一。那么如何让个人陈述受到美国名校的青睐呢？

1.美国留学申请文书写作要有切入点、主题以及中心；

2.留学文书开头有特色，结束有收尾性；

3.留学申请文书中，切莫画蛇添足，人云亦云，要写有个人特色的留学文书；

4.留学申请文书中不要有原则性的错误：例如美国大学名字错误、个人信息错误、或者明显有抄袭痕迹等；

5.留学申请文书写作中，切莫文章冗长却又言之无物。

二、个人简历

除了留学个人陈述之外，个人简历也是文书准备中不可缺少的一部分，个人简历要求美国留学申请者，在一页到两页的篇幅内，简单明了地展示个人情况、教育背景、实习经历、工作经历、获奖情况等信息，使录取委员会对申请者有一个直观了解。

个人简历作为一种自我宣传与自我推销的媒介，其作用也日益受到申请者的重视。如果申请者的个人简历，只是简单的罗列个人资料，或者随便堆砌一些内容，这样的个人简历是很难打动招生委员会的。如果申请者倾注精力创作出内容全面、重点突出的个人简历，那样给招生委员会的印象一定要好得多。

三、留学推荐信

准备留学推荐信时要注意推荐人的选择标准，最好选择那些与你有较多接触机会的推荐人，例如你的专业课老师或者班主任，商科学生还可以找自己的老板做推荐人。

四、Essay

对于美国本科和MBA申请者来说，Essay是非常重要的申请材料。很多学校都会要求学生提交3-5篇不等的Essay，其中1-2篇是主Essay。在写作过程中切记不要照搬照抄别人的文章，要具备鲜明的个人特色。

美国本科留学申请文书怎样写篇4

I was seven years old when I saw the ocean for the first time. My grandmother had invited me to visit her near Okinawa, Japan. I will never forget that encounter—the intense sun, the endless horizon, the infinite shades of blue that dissolved any boundary between sky and waves. And most of all, the secret of the water. Swimming in those waters was like diving into a kaleidoscope, deceptively plain on the outside, but a show of colors on the inside, waiting to dazzle me, mesmerize me. Those colors! Coral reefs—pink, green, red, purple—covered the seafloor; streaks of sunlight illuminated them, the swaying water creating a dance of hues. And weaving in and out of the contours of coral swam brilliant fish that synchronized every movement with the water, creating one body, one living entity. I longed to join and flow with them to the music of the waves; that’s where I felt I belonged. And leaving was like parting home, not going home.

Five years later, I returned. At first, all seemed to match my memory: the crystalline waters and that open horizon with the sun daring to come closer to Earth. But the second I dove in, I knew my home had vanished…white. That’s all I could see around me: bone-white death. I couldn’t accept it. I kept swimming farther out, hoping to catch even the smallest hint of color. But there was no sign of that brilliant garden I remembered, just fragments of bleached coral. It was like looking down onto the aftermath of a war: a bombed city, with only the crumbles of cement to testify for the great buildings that once stood. But who was the culprit behind this egregious attack?

Though at the age of twelve, I couldn’t even begin to guess, I now know the answer is us. Humans are an impressive species: we have traveled to every continent, adapted to countless environments, and innovated to create comfortable means of living. But in the process, we have stolen the colors from nature all around the globe, just as we did that coral reef. Our trail of white has penetrated the forests, the oceans, the grasslands, and spread like a wild disease. I, too, have left a white footprint, so I have a responsibility to right these wrongs, to repaint those colors, and to preserve the ones that remain. Some question why I should care. The answer is simple: this planet is my home, my birthplace. And that, in and of itself, is an inseparable bond and a timeless connection. Nature has allowed me my life, so I have no right to deny its life. As Jane Goodall once said, “If we kill off the wild, then we are killing a part of our souls.” This is my soul—our soul. I know that I alone cannot protect this soul, so I will not make a promise that I cannot fulfill. But this promise I will make: I will do what I can do.

yours Sincerely

xuexila.com/shenqing/

写作技巧

文书主题要明确

一篇好的文书首先要有一个主题，你可以像张靓颖一样有天籁般的声音，也可以像贡米一样，有疑似某著名明星的长相。有了主题，你才是你，才会特别，才会被记住。每个人都有自己的主题，可以是与生俱来的天赋，可以是毕生奋斗的目标，也可以是儿时的志愿，就像春田花花同学会的同学们一样，做一个医生，或者一个啃鸡脚的人。当然，文书的主题要跟你的目标结合，要跟你学习的领域结合。比如你想要去美国读CS，将来建立一个强大的搜索引擎，不但信息全，品位也高。这个就是你的主题。比如你想要去美国读传媒，将来成为一个探求真相传播理念的文化使者，为祖国的民主进程，为人类的文化复兴，奉献终生。这个就是你的主题。当然主题是需要接下来的部分进行支持和阐述的，所以文章各个部分的内容，要围绕主题，彼此契合，才会让整篇文章显得流畅和完整。

申请要求

东北大学要求TOEFL/IELTS/PTE考试成绩。

TOEFL总分不低于92分，口语单项不低于24分，其他单项均不低于22分;IELTS总分不低于6.5分，各单项均不低于6.0分;PTE总分不低于62分，各单项均不低于62分。

东北大学只有极少数语言分数低于上述要求的申请者被录取，此类学生须在入学前参加额外的英语能力评估测试。

SAT/ACT

如申请者在美国就读高中，则需递交SAT/ACT+写作考试成绩;如在美国以外国家或地区就读高中，则无需递交SAT/ACT考试成绩，建议在美国以外就读高中的国际申请者递交AP考试成绩、IB文凭证书、3门IB课程考试成绩或高考成绩。本科被录取新生的SAT与ACT均分如下：

SAT阅读均分：660-740，SAT数学均分：680-770，SAT写作均分：640-730。

ACT综合均分为31-34

(1)对在美国就读高中，且所在学校未有计分机制的国际学生而言，需递交2门SAT II考试成绩，其中一门为SAT数学，另外一门，如申请理科专业，应为SAT理科科目，如申请工程学院，另外一门应为SAT物理科目。

(2)对与在美国就读高中的国际学生而言，如申请者在11月份参加考试，且在12月1日之前分数送至学校，可考虑申请EA;如申请者在1月份参加考试，且在2月15日之前分数送至学校，可考虑申请RD。

AP/IB

东北大学接受国际课程，如AP/IB/A-Level课程抵学分。上述课程抵学分标准大致如下：

AP课程：取得4分或5分。

IB课程：高水准课程取得5分、6分或7分，标准水准课程不可抵学分(Further Mathematics除外)。

A-Level课程：A-Level课程取得E以上成绩，AS-Level课程取得C以上成绩，O-Level课程不可抵学分。

注：国际课程最多可抵32个学分，相当于本科1年级课程。

研究生美国留学申请文书篇5

In the deepest recesses of my memories is the boulevard lined with Chinese parasol trees located outside my house. When I was just ten years old, my father put me at the back of his bicycle and rode me every weekend to attend English classes in the nearby community center (English was not part of elementary school education in China at that time). On this road of questing for my first western education, I, as a girl who loved to indulge in observations and meditations, kept an observant eye on the changing colors of the leaves all the year round. The rotation of seasons and the cyclical changes of the trees impressed me with the transitoriness of life and the urgency of making my life substantial within its transitory span. My present application for an advanced degree program at your esteemed university is by far the most important step in my relentless efforts to make my life substantial.

Dealing with figures has been our family tradition. As my mother is a statistician and my grandma a certified public account, as a teenager I had also commenced my observations and reflections on figures and calculations in the statements and reports that they had prepared with strong curiosity and interest. This interested strengthened my love for mathematics, often described as the “gymnastics of abstract thinking.” From elementary school to middle school, it was virtually a rule for me to achieve straight A’s in almost every course related to mathematics, a talent which has always made me feel proud of myself. Deep in my subconscious, I knew that a career related to mathematics would fit me most perfectly. Therefore, when I gained my undergraduate admission, I chose to specialize in Mathematics at Beijing Normal University. I believe that this specialty has provided me with a perfect arena to give vent to my passion for mathematics. My dedication to studies in mathematics and effective strategies of learning, plus voluminous readings of technical literature in various academic journals, have led to my top third ranking in my class and a number of major scholarships.

My greatest passion for learning mathematics was stimulated when I came to discover the foundational importance in social sciences, the essential function of mathematics behind its abstract concepts and number theories. When I first studied Advanced Mathematics, I was not clear about the real use of abstract mathematical theories. This kind of puzzlement lasted until I found that the genuine function of mathematics lied in its ability to solve problems in the real world objectively and scientifically, to develop human wisdom, to enable one to arrive at higher horizons and to examine problems with insights and discriminations. The courses that have particularly fascinated me most are Mathematical Analysis, Higher Geometry, Probability Theory, Mathematical Statistics, and Matrix Construction in Mathematics. Those courses allowed me to experience the charm of mathematics’ symbolic language and that of mathematical thinking, in addition to its omnipresent utility.

As an undergraduate, I am most proud of my experience of constructing the Social and Economic Growth Model as a team member representing our university during a mathematical modeling contest in Beijing. As our three-person team lacked the experience of applying theoretical knowledge to practical problems, we felt at an impasse in the face of the challenging task. I took some time to examine in detail all the mathematical models we had learned in class and proposed the idea of dividing the entire modeling into individual modules and piecing them together to form a complete model. Eventually our team was awarded second prize at this provincial contest. In retrospect, it is precisely this experience that aroused my serious interest in the application of mathematics in the realms of economics and finance. To further develop myself in this direction, I studied a lot of optional courses including macroeconomics, microeconomics, e-commerce, etc. Thenceforward, I developed a new objective—to combine my knowledge of mathematics with economics and finance and to exploit the function of mathematics in social life.

My undergraduate thesis, entitled Vector Quantity and Geometry, though purely theoretical in appearance, is actually a vivid description of how mathematical theories can be applied to reality. It focuses on precise analysis of those potential yet absolute relationships between different entities and how we can uncover and examine those relationships from mathematical perspectives. Rated by the department academic council as “Class A”, the thesis has been accepted by the editorial board of our departmental journal for publication.

Apart from cultivating my rigorous attitude for scientific research and developing my analytical and problem-solving abilities, I have taken an active part in extracurricular activities. With my strengths in mathematics, I passed a number of certification tests with much facility, including Microsoft Certified Professional, Microsoft Office-Use Specialist, and LOTUS 1-2-3. I have been correspondent and editor for our campus radio broadcasting station and campus website. My English proficiency qualified me as a volunteer working for the Beijing Worldwide Chinese Businessmen Meeting. In summer vacation, I worked part-time at a local accounting firm where I exercised my knowledge of mathematics and skills of electronic computation to establish for the firm a financial database. I also worked on preparing business accounting plans and digitalized financial management plans for the firm’s clients.

My experiences of social practices have permitted me to understand how mathematics can best be used. As far as I am concerned, my lack of advanced academic knowledge, especially my lack of in-depth understanding of economics and finance, and my lack of formal and systematic trainings in those fields, have constituted my “bottleneck” for further academic development. The overall situation in China is that there is an oversupply of theoretical mathematicians while applied mathematicians are sorely needed. Interdisciplinary subjects between mathematics and economics, such as financial mathematics, actuary science, economic engineering, and mathematical economics, are virtually nonexistent in China. The consequence is that China’s economic development will be seriously hampered for the lack of those important sciences. Great Britain plays a leading role in the world both in financial sciences and in education. Those two factors have motivated me to seek advanced studies there.

In this Personal Statement, I would like to indicate to you unequivocally my intention to specialize in financial mathematics, mathematical economics, or similar programs of an interdisciplinary nature. My choice is motivated by the consideration that in China virtually all financial professionals do not possess a strong background in mathematics, thus they rely heavily on foreign technical models and concepts. However, China’s economic conditions and models differ from those in Western countries and any unquestioning importation would be counterproductive. My plan is to probe into the possibility of developing some economic and financial models that best fit in with China’s circumstances based on a critical analysis of Western models and extensive practices. Projects in those areas will be what I am most concerned with and interested in.

London School of Economics and Politics is reputed for its time-honored history, respected for its distinctive status in economics and finance, along with its unparalleled research and pedagogical standards. Advanced educational concepts and methodologies there would undoubtedly broaden my vision and perspectives, enhance my fundamental skills in devising and launching large-scale cases. Most importantly, for a woman like me who has a penchant for English culture in general and English literature in particular, going to study in Britain will foster my spirit of independence the way Jane Eyre did. Nothing can delight me more than to observe and to experience, with heart and soul, the historical, cultural legacies of such a great country.

自费出国留学需要什么条件

一、自费出国留学的条件总括

首先，经济条件是个重要因素。家庭现有及未来几年的经济收入是否足以支付孩子留学所需的基本费用，包括学费及生活费等，这应成为家长决定是否送孩子出国留学的重要依据之一。此外，通过正当合法手续取得足够的外汇资助或国外奖学金，即持有亲友提供的经济保证书，或持有国外院校、科研机构或基金会等提供的奖学金或资助证明。所得外汇资助或奖学金应能维持自己在国外的学习和生活。

现在的留学生多数都已经在经济能力方面具备了不错的条件，鲜有因为实际上无法支付留学费用而被拒签或者在留学期间因为打工挣钱而违法或者考试不通过的。但是仍然有少数的家长和学生希望在不具备足够的经济能力的情况下，盲目地考虑自费出国留学。我们需要明白一个道理，留学期间的学习任务很重，而申请奖学金是非常小概率的机会，如果试图靠打工挣到学费及生活费，这是不太现实的，所谓“鱼和熊掌不可兼得”，既要学习效果，还要挤占学习时间去打工，压力太大，恐难以如愿。

其次，应具有相当的外语水平。

在国外留学当然需要具备比较好的语言能力，否则是难以完成学业的，更别说留学成功了。有什么衡量的标准吗?当然不仅仅是TOEFL或者IELTS这样的考试考高分，接近母语水平的外语能力才是留学生应当追求的目标。关于语言能力的问题，有的家长和学生还有一个误区，他们认为到了国外，语言环境比较好，自然容易提高。这个想法是错误的，违背了外语学习的规律。外语不是母语，不可能自然习得，而需要通过科学的训练和刻苦的学习才能逐步获得。所谓的“留学垃圾”有很大一部分是栽在语言上面，因为听不懂课，无法与老师和同学交流，完不成作业，考试很难通过，进而导致了一步步地滑向厌学和学业不佳的境地。建议学生尽可能在留学前做好语言方面的准备，包括考试和能力训练。

第三，自身素质是个必备条件。是否具备生活自理能力、学习适应能力、语言能力和较成熟的心智，这些都是保证能够在国外健康成长和达到预期学习效果的必备条件。

在国外留学需要独立应对很多事情，有时候甚至是突发事件。这里所说的独立自主能力不仅仅是吃饭穿衣那么简单，还涉及到社交、与老师相处、选择课程、升学规划甚至是理财等方方面面。媒体上经常看到的有关留学生的负面消息常常是因为学生在上述能力方面有所欠缺而导致的，而留学比较成功的那些天子骄子在很大程度上则是因为上述问题处理得比较好。因此，要在出国留学前有意识加强独立思考和自主处理问题的能力训练。

此外对于习惯了被动学习和以考试为导向的教学模式的中国学生而言，国外以自主学习、主动思考、启发质疑等为主要方式的教学模式是比较陌生的。听说过这种模式是一回事，真正能适应并如鱼得水又是另一回事。在工作中，我们常说：你可以不会做，但是你不能不会学习。这是同样的道理。尤其是对于那些想要上名校的学生或者攻读研究生以上学历的学生而言，真正的学习能力和学术能力不仅仅是体现在你提交给学校的成绩单上。

二、大学在读出国留学的条件

大学在读出国留学主要是通过转学分或插班就读的方式，不同国家的条件不同，一般由以下条件决定：

中国大学学习的年限、何所大学就读、是否经正规高考进入该大学、学习的专业、所学的课程、在读成绩、拟申请留学的大学、拟申请大学的专业、目前的英文水平(雅思或托福的分数)等等。各国大学会综合考虑这些因素，然后决定学生到底该从大几开始读起，有可能是从大一读起，也有可能会从大二读起。对于专业选择方面，建议是继续学习本专业，这样申请成功的机率才会更大些。如果是转专业，那要根据所转专业的跨度来综合评估，本科插读难度一般比研究生申请要更复杂一些，所以如果你有这个想法，建议你及早规划自己的留学时间表。

国内大三或大四在读学生：一般不建议通过转学分或插班的方式出国去念本科，是等念完本科以后再出国读硕士。因为签证时签证官会质疑你的留学目的和动机，在大多数签证官看来，在中国读完本科再申请美国的硕士课程比较适合这个阶段学生的发展。

三、大学毕业出国留学的条件

大学毕业出国留学，即是出国读研，也是目前国内大多数留学生的选择。申请研究院通常有两种时机，一种时机是大学毕业后直接申请进入研究院就读，待取得学位后再踏入社会。计划直接就读研究生院的学生，在大学时开始为研究院课程做准备和规划，修读相关的预备课程，以具备直接申请相关主修专业的资格。另一种时机则在大学毕业，有过工作经验后再申请研究院。美国有些研究院科系要求申请人有工作经验，例如企管硕士，也就是通常所说的MBA课程，要求学生至少要有两年以上的工作经验，比较好的学生往往要求三年以上工作经验。由于MBA课程的目的在于培养经理级的人才，因此在工作三至五年之后就读MBA课程，对于学生的职业发展比较有利。有了工作经验再申请研究院的另一优点是，取得硕士学位后重新寻找工作，在职场上也占有优势。

美国研究生留学要求

一、资格

由于申请的竞争激烈，学校在筛选学生的时候，会优先选择完成学士课程学习的学生，因为这样在进行硕士课程学习的时候，连贯性会更强，这样学校需要额外耗费的资源也会相对少一些，建议毕业生进行申请。

二、背景

当然大家拥有申请专业相关的学习基础，和资格的限制显示，大家如果是本专业进行直升，在接受专业的授课的时候，会更加有优势时候，能够更快的适应教学和课程的安排。

此外大家本科学习的学校的排名和实力，也会影响的学校的审核，如果大家是985/211名校的毕业生，会更受学校的青睐，因为这样可以直接展示出大家基础的实力，学校是很重要的背景。

三、成绩

最直接的筛选项目，就是大家的GPA成绩单，这是大家在学校学习的成果证明，能够直接反映出大家在学校的学习情况，最基础的分数要求是3.5分，需要保证自己没有不合格的课程。

部分专业还会要求申请者出示自己的GMAT或者GRE的成绩单，主要是理工科要求GRE，商科要求GMAT，大家需要早点做准备，进行考试的准备，并且参加考试拿到合格的成绩。

四、语言

入学还要提交语言考试的成绩单，目前IELTS和TOEFL同样受到认可，研究生阶段的而学习对语言的要求是比较高的，名校入学需要提交IELTS7.0，TOEFL100分的分数。

五、文书

还要进行基础文书的准备，简历和陈述是个人信息和优势的展示，需要有一定的逻辑关系，在写作的时候，就要考虑到两者直接的相互关系，需要将它们的功能进行区分。

大学生西班牙留学申请文书篇6

Dear _,

Due to the comprehensiveness of China’s “reform and open” policies, economics plays an increasingly important role in the development of its global position. As a senior at Beijing University majoring in Economics, I feel that my field is fundamental to the progress of my country. Yet, at the same time, I realize only too well that what I have learned as an undergraduate is far from enough. Therefore, it is my desire to pursue a graduate degree I Economics at your university. If accepted, my intended concentration would be Economic Development and Public Economics.

In the process of preparing myself for advanced research, I obtained a solid academic background in mathematics, computer science and basic economic theory. In order to enhance my capabilities and further establish my background, I plan to take Probability and Econometrics as my electives during my last semester at Beijing University. During my undergraduate career I was fortunate to be able to audit several advanced graduate level courses taught by overseas professors such as Comparative Economic Systems and Advanced Macroeconomics. These classes not only introduced me to new economic concepts and theories, but also broadened my perspective and gave me new insights into the depth of my field.

After over three years of studying economics and extensive reading in related fields, I have developed my own understanding of the present Chinese economy with system. I feel, and it is an idea shared by many, that the Chinese government is presently struggling to adapt a policy which would peacefully integrate the advantages of a marked economy with the current Socialist system. to a certain extent, I feel that the government has been successful in implementing this aim. However, many problems have yet to be resolved. Chief among these is the problem of rejuvenating and restructuring the large, state-owned enterprises. As a result under the Chinese socialist system, these companies not only lack a spirit of competition, but are also hopelessly overstaffed. There is a definite need to cut back on workers, many of whom are unskilled and present an unnecessary burden on these companies.

The fundamental problem here is that China lacks unemployment and social security programs, which would be able to assist and re-train these workers should they be laid off. As there are no options for them, the companies are forced to retain these laborers, creating a stagnant state which limits both production levels and net profits. While foreign-imported goods and foreign companies were scare in China, this was not a major problem. However, the influx of foreign goods and corporations has forced China into a predicament where it can no longer afford to maintain useless employees for the benefit of the State. Should the situation here continue unchecked, China risks loosing its domestic marked to foreign companies.

These ideas were the result of my field research conducted during my junior year. During that time, I studied first-hand edly China’s system of public economics and found it lacking in many ways. I feel that if China is ever to be a serious competitor in the world market it needs first to develop a more progressive system of public policies. For this, China will have to look to other systems, which have struggled and successfully handled this same problem. My goal is to continue my education in the United States where I can not only witness the dynamics of an economic system different from ours, but also study the ways in which America’s public policy could be adapted and utilized by China.

In terms of global economics, China still has much to learn. The government is far from reconciling itself with many of the principles that underlie the modern market. I also feel that the Chinese situation is unique, and , that in order to be successful, policy makers must take into consideration regional characteristics, historical tradition and social psychology when defining the course of the future. However, it is also essential that the future generations of leaders, administrators and teachers learn from other countries in order to better understand the complexity of China’s role within the global economic situation.

The more China’s economy is prosperous, the more it needs its own economists. Therefore, at the end of my graduate study, I intend to return to my country and contribute to China’s economic progress. My ultimate goal is to teach introducing advanced Western research methods to my country and, if possible, tackle some of the economic problems faced by my country.

I am also applying for overseas graduate study because of the fact that the United States holds the leading position in the research of my chosen field. Your institution, known for its careful and exacting work ethic and nurturing academic atmosphere, is the university I have long admired. I am confident that with your distinguished faculty and recognized facilities, my potential will develop into knowledge and experience beneficial to both the United States and China.

Yours sincerely,

xuexila.com/shenqing

留学西班牙专业推荐

留学西班牙好的专业推荐如下：

一、西班牙语、翻译

虽然我们国家不怎么重视西班牙语，在上学期间基本上了解不到西班牙语，导致我们把西班牙语和其他的小语种放在了一起，其实来说西班牙作为最先的一批殖民国家怎么可能会这样?西班牙语的使用广泛程度仅次于英语，所以学习西班牙语翻译又不像英语一样很多人都会，至少在中国它就是小语种，而使用这个语言的机会又很多，在国内的许多跨国公司就是需要会西班牙语的人才，而对于英语的要求虽然更严重，但是架不住会英语的人多啊。

二、旅游管理

因为欧盟的成立，他们国家之间的签证统一，许多人都选择来一个欧洲游，而作为世界三大旅游目的地的西班牙肯定是一个不能错过的国家，因为西班牙旅游业的发展，西班牙希望培养一些旅游方面的人才，所以西班牙的旅游管理专业还是很强的，在校期间就能够去许多地方实习增加经验。

三、经济管理

西班牙有两所商学院是全球商学院15强，并且接受英文授课，所以如果你想要学习经济管理方面的专业，但是有没有那么多的钱去美国读书西班牙也是一个非常不错的选择。

四、建筑设计

西班牙的古代建筑保存的非常完好，这就为那些建筑设计的学生提供了非常好的列子，可以通过这些建筑来学习古代的建筑设计思想，用来与现代的设计思维相结合创造出符合人们审美的建筑。

五、新闻传媒

在互联网时代，任何讯息可以在一夕之间传遍世界的每一个角落，这也使得新闻行业火速成长起来，从以前的报刊纸媒，到如今的APP新闻端，自媒体平台，新闻传媒行业对于新兴人才的渴望从未停止过。新头脑，好眼光，独到见解都能让该专业的毕业生在今后的岗位中发光发热。马德里康普顿斯大学、胡安卡洛斯国王大学、卡洛斯三世大学都有这类专业开设。

六、教育学

教育学主要研究教育现象和问题、揭示一般教育规律。特别是现代社会的发展，现代教育实践的发展，对于教育学研究提出更新、更高的要求。西班牙灵活的教育模式能帮助我们成为教育方面的人才，改变国内教育方式短缺的现象，对教育有兴趣的同学可以尝试一下。未来工作方向:中小学、高校、教育机构、出版社、政府机构等。巴塞罗那大学、巴塞罗那自治大学等都是不错的选择呢。

七、通信工程

通信工程专业是一个不断上升热度的专业，而西班牙作为基础设施走在世界前端的国家，在各类工程类的人才培养上都有优越的成绩。

马德里理工大学和加泰罗尼亚理工大学，不仅在西班牙理工科排名数一数二，世界上的排名也是非常高的。是理科学生首选学校，就业前景自不必说，就算不出国，在国内学工科出来就业也是相对简单的，更何况西班牙留学回来呢。

西班牙留学出入境海关规定

一、出入境检查

西班牙入境：所有入境旅客无需疾病免疫证书。可带入价值不超1700比塞塔的礼品;卷烟200支，雪茄烟50支，烟丝250克;酒精22度以下2立升，超过22度的酒1立升;自用照相机2个。对比塞塔和外汇携带入境没有限制。

西班牙出境：对非居住者离开西班牙时携带出境的外汇及比塞塔有限制，比塞塔限额为10万比塞塔，50万比塞塔的外币。在有可能携带超过限额以上的比塞塔、外汇出境时，有必要事先在入境时向海关申报以取得证明。

西班牙对携带名人美术品出境有限制，除出示收据，还要接受严格的实物检查。

二、西班牙出入境海关规定

1、入境须持有效签证或西班牙居留证，否则将被原机遣返;非欧盟移民持有至少513欧元的现金(或等值支票、信用卡、国际汇票);

2、不得携带毒品及其他违禁品;

3、入境西班牙咳嗽市砻馑靶物品的金额不得超过175欧元(15岁以上旅客)或90欧元(指15岁以下旅客)，以下物品的限额分别为：