考研英语写作常用词汇（通用8篇）
考研英语写作常用词汇 篇1
考研英语 写作常用高频词汇
首先大家要明白，考研是选拔性考试，并不是大家即将要参加的期末考试，如何让自己在选拔性的考试中脱颖而出?第一招，你需要告别哪些阅卷老师看了就反胃的“low词”，什么是高级词呢?
小编将考研英语写作常用的高级词汇总结如下，让你的作文从单词开始变得“闪闪惹人爱”吧!
一、近义词汇：
1.完全：absolute， unconditional， unlimited， complete， unrestricted， unmixed， perfect， entire
2.好：extraordinary， amazing， miraculous， marvelous， stupendous， excellent， good， well， wonderful， fine， nice， of high quality， pleasing， surprising， agreeable
3.小：small， diminutive， puny， little， pocket-sized， petit， minute， tiny
4.多：big ， enormous， large， gigantic， vast， tremendous， gargantuan， huge， immense， a lot of， lots of， many， much， plenty of， a great deal of， a number of， an amount of， a great many， a good many， many a， scores of， dozens of， a great quantity of
5.高兴，快乐：delighted， delightful， pleased， pleasing， charmed， pleasant， cheerful， cheering， merry， happy， gratified， glad， gay， agreeable， friendly， content， satisfied， light-hearted， joyful
6.真的.：True， truthful， veracious， faithful， accurate， loyal， staunch， genuine， honest， real， trustworthy， constant.
7.全，都：all， whole， entire， complete， perfect， total， the whole number of ， unbroken ， gross
二、常见的连接词
连接词根据其本身的意思和文章连接所需要的逻辑意义可分为几类：
a.表示开场to begin with ， in the first place ， in general ， generally speaking
b.表示总结to summarize ， to sum up ， to conclude ， in conclusion ， finally
c.表示举例a case in point ， a good illustration / example of … is …，
d.表示原因because ， since ， for ， the cause of ， the reason for ， now that
e.表示结果as a result ， as a consequence ， consequently
f.表示比较both ， like ， likewise ， similarly ， in common ， in the same way
g.表示对照on the contrary ， on the other hand ， despite ， in spite of ， however
h.表示列举first ， firstly ， in the first place ， first of all ， to begin with
i.表示强调especially ， particularly ， certainly ， surely ， chiefly ， actually
j.表示让步even though ， although ， in spite of ， however ， but ， yet
考研英语写作常用词汇 篇2
An option contract backed by the shares underlying the option.The two types are covered call and covered put.
是指投资者售出的期权项下拥有其他证券, 或拥有相同条款的另一份期权, 则售出的这份期权称为抵补期权。
covered put有担保看跌期权
A put option position in which the option writer also is short the corresponding stock or has deposited, in a cash account, cash or cash equivalents equal to the exercise of the option.
看跌期权承销者已经同时将该基础证券卖空, 或者在现金账户存入相当于期权执行价的现金或现金等价物。
CP商业票据
Commercial Paper.An unsecured obligation issued by a corporation or bank to finance its short-term credit needs, such as accounts receivable and inventory.
是指由公司发行的短期票据, 是短期信用的一种形式, 利率低于商业银行的贷款利率, 一般期限不超过90天。
CPA注册公共会计师
See Certified Public Accountant.
美国注册公开会计师协会 (American Institute Of Certified Public Accountants) 颁发的专业称号, 应考生必须通过一次考试, 并符合工作经验要求
CPI消费者物价指数
Consumer Price Index.The index measures the prices of consumer goods and services and is a measure of the pace of U.S.inflation.
测量消费品和服务价格的指数, 也是测量美国通货膨胀幅度的措施。是指政府有关机构每个月公布的、根据日常消费货物和服务组成的“购物篮”中价格的变动, 测量消费价格随时间变动的一种物价指数。其主要成分为住房、交通、食物、水电, 如果这些成分的成本上涨, 则意味着通货膨胀率的上升。
cramdownn.超值贷款无担保部分
A term used in chapter 13 (wage earner restructuring debt) bankruptcy.A secured loan is reduced when the loan balance exceeds the reasonable value of the collateral security.The amount above that value becomes unsecured.Used mainly for personal property loans but now starting to be used for mortgage loans.A portion of the mortgage, if it exceeds the value of the property, can become an unsecured loan.
第13章 (职工更改债务结构) 破产法中的一个用语。担保贷款减少而贷款余额超出合理的抵押证券价值。在合理价值之上的数额成为无担保。主要用于个人财产贷款, 但是现在开始用于抵押贷款。抵押的部分, 如果超出物业的价值, 可能变成无担保贷款。
crash n.暴跌, 崩盘
A precipitous drop in market prices or economic conditions.
是指整个证券市场的股价或整体经济的突然下跌。
crawling peg蠕动固定汇率
An automatic system for revising the exchange rate.It involves establishing a par value around which the rate can vary up to a given percent.The par value is revised regularly according to a formula determined by the authorities.
是一种国际汇兑所使用的汇率, 允许汇率或汇率范围每天或每周小幅度地变化。
CRB商品研究局指数
Commodity Research Bureau Index.An index that measures the overall direction of commodity sectors.The CRBwas designed to isolate and reveal the directional movement of prices in overall commodity trades.
衡量商品板块的整体方向的指标, 剥离和反映所有商品交易价格的运动方向。
CRD中央登记保管机制
Central registration depository.A computerized database with information on registered brokers.
有关注册经纪人信息的计算机数据库。
credit贷项
Entry on the right side of a double-entry bookkeeping system that represents the reduction of an asset or expense or the addition to a liability or revenue. (See debit.)
会计用语, 指债务或净值, 在总账右边输入。
credit n.信贷、贷款
A contractual agreement in which a borrower receives something of value now and agrees to repay the lender at some later date.The borrowing capacity of an individual or company.
借方在现在得到某价值物并在之后归还的契约性协议。公司或个人的借款能力。指以贷款或债券形式出借的资金。
credit agency信用调查机构
A company which collects information about the creditworthiness of individuals and corporations and provides it for a fee to interested parties.
收集个人和公司信用信息并将其提供给感兴趣方以收取费用具的机构。
credit agreement信贷协议
Arrangement in which one party borrows or takes possession in the present by promising to pay in the future.
词汇衔接模式与大学英语写作 篇3
关键词：词汇衔接；模式；大学英语写作；启示
一、引言
英文写作是大学生应该掌握的一项重要技能，同时也是大多数学生的弱项。非英语专业的大一学生没有开设专门的写作课程，难以得到写作理论的实际指导，到了大二要参加英语四级时在作文方面费力不少却收效甚微。如何把大一学生必修的综合课程与写作结合起来，让学生在提高阅读的同时提高写作成为一个亟待解决的问题。词汇衔接是英语语篇连贯的重要手段，本文对比分析大连东软信息学院英语二级学生作文与大学英语综合教程第二册第六课I'm Going to Buy the Brooklyn Bridge的词汇衔接模式，说明异同，分析原因，使学生改进作文中的词汇衔接方法。
二、词汇衔接
衔接指语篇内一成分与理解这一成分相关的其它成分之间的语义关系。主要可以分为照应、连接、替代、省略和词汇衔接。词汇衔接进一步分为重复、同义和搭配。重复又包括简单重复和复杂重复；同义又分为同义词、上下义词、借代词和反义词。Hoey进一步发展了词汇衔接理论，从功能和近义性重复的角度，采用矩阵方法，探讨词汇是如何发挥作用将语篇组织起来。与Halliday&Hasan相比，Hoey理论主要有两个特点：一是概括力更强，二是可操作性更强。他将句子间的词汇衔接概括性地归纳为一种：重复。重复又分为（1）简单词汇重复，（2）复杂词汇重复，及由此派生的（3）简单互相阐释，（4）简单部分阐释，（5）复杂阐释，（6）反义复杂阐释。I'm Going to Buy the Brooklyn Bridge包括了所有形式的词汇衔接：
（1）简单词汇重复指重复文中已出现的词汇。如：In her spare time she is finishing her doctoral dissertation and the final drafts of two books，and she still has time for tennis and horse riding with her daughters.Four words in that description undid me：in her spare time.
（2）复杂词汇重复指两个词汇有共同词素但形式不同，或形式相同但语法功能不同。如：No matter how carefully I plan my time，the plan always goes wrong.
（3）简单互相阐释指两词项在上下文中能互相替换，且意义没有明显改变、确切度不会增减。如：But like a dieter who devours a whole box of cookies in a moment of weakness，I found my resolve slipping occasionally.In weak moments I'd comb the pages of newspapers and magazines and consume success stories by the pound.
（4）简单部分阐释指两词项在上下文中的替换只能单向进行。如：One day，however，I actually met a superwoman face to face.Just before Christmas last year，my work took me to the office of a woman executive of a national corporation.
（5）复杂阐释指如果一词项是另一词项的复杂重复，同时也是第三个词项的简单阐释，那么该词项与第三个词项之间形成复杂阐释。如：One of these days I plan to phone my former classmate Kate and shout“Well done！”into the receiver.
（6）复杂阐释指形态上不相似的反义词。如：I know the idea of admiring a heroine is considered silly today；we working women are too sophisticated for that.
可见Hoey的划分强调上下文的作用，操作性更强，能澄清一些模糊不清的词项关系，Hoey（1991）举过下面的例子：After one bear，known to be a peaceable animal，killed and ate a camper in an unprovoked attack，scientists discovered it had been tranquillized 11 times with phencyclidine，or 'angle dust'，which causes hallucinations and sometimes gives the user an irrational feeling of destructive power.
Although some biologists deny that the mind-altering drug was responsible for uncharacteristic behavior of this particular bear，no research has been done into the effects of giving grizzly bears or other mammals repeated doses of phencyclidine.
在这两句中，虽然gives和giving有相同的动词词根，看似属于词汇重复，但是他们所指不同，两个词不能相互阐释，gives的释义为provides（with）而giving最好释义为administering（to），所以gives和giving在此处不形成词汇衔接。但是Hoey的词汇衔接手段没有包括Halliday&Hasan提到的搭配，认为其难以控制。搭配指两词项拥有共同的词汇环境，是两词项的一种同现关系。一些常见的同现关系确实能够作为百科知识的一部分被大多数人识别。但是我们必须承认判断搭配具有主观性，每个人对相同事物的认知解释不同，而且同一词项往往具有不同含意。因此本文将采用Hoey的划分方法，暂不加入搭配。
三、数据收集
1.I'm Going to Buy the Brooklyn Bridge以非常丰富的词汇衔接手段和词汇网络展开了女性在现代社会中的角色这一主题。文章共十五段可分为五部分，其中第四部分（第12到14段，共10句187个单词）完整地讲述了作者被现代超级女性吸引的原因，课文中我们将截取这部分作为分析对象。
2.课前要求我校大学英语二级四个班（每班30人）的学生就《女性的现代角色》一题，写一篇150~200词的作文。以抽样方式收集30份作文为分析对象。课文与学生作文的对比内容主要有：（1）词汇衔接的个数；（2）词汇衔接的种类及其所占比例。
四、数据分析
1.词汇衔接个数。课文的词汇衔接矩阵如下表所示。此矩阵表明了课文选段中所有的句间词汇衔接个数。括号中数字表示句子的序数，任意纵柱与横柱交叉所得方格表示两句间词汇衔接的个数。如第二句与第四句之间词汇衔接的个数为1。
表1 课文词汇衔接矩阵
由上表可见，课文共有词汇衔接35个，其中第一句、第四句分别与其它四句有衔接点。用相同方法对所抽选30篇学生作文做矩阵分析，发现学生作文平均词汇衔接个数为29.3。其中衔接个数超过30个的占66%。由此可见，学生作文与课文在词汇衔接总数上区别不大。
2.词汇衔接种类。
表2 课文与学生作文词汇衔接衔接种类对比
由上表可见，学生作文与课文在词汇衔接种类选择上有明显不同。课文中使用最多的是简单互相阐释，其次是复杂阐释，然后是复杂词汇重复和简单部分阐释，最后才是简单词汇重复，并且这几项的所占比例差距并不明显。与此相比，学生作文词汇衔接中使用最多的是简单词汇重复，然后是简单部分阐释和复杂词汇重复，而且这几项所占比例差距巨大，简单词汇重复占压倒性多数（74.4%）。
五、结论
由上述对比可见，词汇衔接对于篇章连贯的建设性作用不仅在于衔接的个数，更在于衔接种类的选择。多种衔接种类的交替使用令篇章紧密而生动；简单互相阐释，复杂阐释，简单部分阐释等阐释的大量使用帮助作者深入说理，同时避免重复带来的枯燥。学生作文平均词汇衔接个数与课文词汇衔接个数相差不多，但学生作文过多地使用了简单词汇重复，虽然起到了连贯作用，但降低了文章的可读性，令人觉得枯燥无味。
六、启示
由此可见，教师在教授精读课文时需要以课文为例向学生说明词汇衔接的各种方法，尤其要引起他们对各种阐释衔接的注意。让学生就课文相同主题写作，与课文对比，直观而具体。如果时间有限，也可以把课文中一段的各种词汇衔接全部转成简单词汇重复，让学生对比两种写法，体味其中异同，从而提高学生对文章的欣赏水平和写作水平。
参考文献：
[1]Hoey，Michael.Patterns of Lexis in Text[M].Oxford：Oxford University Press，1992.
[2]Halliday，M.A.K.&Hasan，R.Cohesion in English[M].Longman Group Limited，1976.
[3]赵建，等.全新版大学英语（综合教程第二册）[M].上海：上海外语教育出版社，2002.
考研英语写作常用词汇 篇4
1. Important=crucial a.至关紧要的(extremely important), significant (amount or effect large enough to be important)
2. Common=universal a.普遍的, ubiquitous adj.普遍存在的(if something is ubiquitous, it seems to be everywhere)
3. Abundant=ample (enough and usually extra), plentiful (enough for people’s needs and wants)
4. Stick=adhere a.粘附, cling (hold on something tightly)
5. Neglect v.忽视=ignore. (Difference: neglect means someone has not paid enough attention to something; ignore means no attention.)
6. Near=adjacent (two things next to each other), adjoin (the same as adjacent)
7. Pursue=woo (man woos woman, old-fashioned), seek (if you seek sth, you try to obtain it. FORMAL)
8. Accurate=precise (precise is exact and accurate in all details), exact (correct in every detail)
9. Vague a.含糊的=obscure (unknown or known by only a few people)
10. Top=peak, summit
11. Competitor=rival, opponent (especially in sports and politics)
12. Blame n. /vt.责备，过失 =condemn (if you condemn something, you say it is very bad and unacceptable)
13. Opinon=perspective, standpoint (means looking at an event or situation in a particular way)
14. Fame=prestige (describe those who are admired), reputation
15. Build=erect (you can erect something as buildings, FORMAL), establish
16. Insult n. /vt. 侮辱，凌辱=humiliate (do something or say something which makes people feel ashamed or stupid)
17. Complain=grumble (complain something in a bad-tempered way)
18. Primary=radical (very important and great in degree), fundamental
19. Relieve=alleviate (alleviate means you make pain or sufferings less intense or severe)
20. Force=coerce sb into (coerce means you make someone do something s/he does not want to), compel
21. Enlarge=magnify (magnify means make something larger than it really is)
22. Complex=intricate (if something is intricate, it often has many small parts and details)
23. Lonely=solitary a. 孤独的 (if someone is solitary, there is no one near him/her)
24. Small=minuscule (very small), minute
25. Praise=extol (stronger than praise), compliment (polite and political)
26. hard-working=assiduous (someone who is assiduous works hard or does things very thoroughly)
27. Difficult=arduous (if something is arduous, it is difficult and tiring, and involves a lot of efforts)
28. Poor (soil) =barren n.荒地, infertile (used to describe the soil is so poor that plants cannot be planted on it)
29. Fragile=brittle a.易碎的，脆弱的, vulnerable (someone who is vulnerable is easily hurt emotionally or physically)
30. Show=demonstrate (to demonstrate a fact means to make it clear to people.)
31. Big=massive (large in size, quantity, or extent), colossal (use this word, you emphasize something is large), tremendous (INFORMAL)
32. avoid=shun(if someone shuns something, s/he deliberately a.故意的 avoid that something or keep away from it.)
33. Fair=impartial (someone who is impartial is able to give a fair opinion or decision on something.)
34. Attack=assault (physically attack someone), assail (attack violently)
35. Dislike=abhor (abhor means you hate something to a extreme extent for moral reasons), loathe (dislike very much)
36. ruin v.使破产，使毁灭 n.毁灭=devastate(it means damage something very badly, or utterly a.完全的，彻底的 destroy it.)
37. Disaster=catastrophe (a catastrophe is an unexpected event that cause great suffering and damages)
38. finally=eventually(especially after a lot of delays), ultimately adv.最后，终于(after complicated series of events)
39. Always=invariably (the same as always, but better than always)
40. Forever=perpetual (a perpetual state never changes), immutable (something immutable will never change or be changed)
41. Surprise=startle (it means surprise you slightly), astound (surprise you to a large degree), astonish (the same as astound)
42. Enthusiasm n.狂热，热心=zeal(a great enthusiasm), fervency(sincere a.诚挚，真诚and enthusiasm)
43. Quiet=tranquil (calm and peaceful), serene (calm and quiet)
44. Expensive=exorbitant (it means too expensive that it should be)
45.luxurious=lavish adj.浪费的 vt.浪费，慷慨给与(impressive and very expensive), sumptuous(grand and very expensive)
46. Boring=tedious (if you describe something tedious, you mean it is boring and frustrating)
47. Respect=esteem (if you esteem someone, you respect and admire v.赞美him/her. FORMAL)
48. Worry=fret (if you fret about something, you worry about it)
49. Cold=chilly a.寒冷的(unpleasantly cold), icy (extremely cold)
50. Hot=boiling (very hot)
51. Dangerous=perilous (very dangerous), hazardous (dangerous, especially to people’s safety and health)
52. Nowadays=currently
53. Only=unique (the only one of its kind), distinctive a.与众不同的
54. Stop=cease (if something ceases, it stops happening or existing)
55. Part=component (the components of something are the parts that it is made of)
56. Result=consequence (the results or effects of something)
57. Obvious=apparent, manifest a.显然的 58. Based on=derived from 得自, 由来, 衍生
58.Awful=nauseous (if something makes you nauseous, you want to vomit)
59. Remarkable=conspicuous (if something is conspicuous a.显著的, people can see or notice them very easily)
60. Quite=fairly
61. Pathetic=lamentable (very uncomfortable and disappointing)
62. Field=domain (a particular field of thought, activities or interest)
63. Appear=emerge (come into existence)
64. Whole=entire (the whole of something)
65. Wet=moist (slightly wet), damp (slightly wet), humid (very damp and hot) 66. Difficult=formidable
66.Happy=jovial (if someone is jovial, s/he is happy and behaves in a cheerful way)
67. Sad=inconsolable (extremely sad and cannot be comforted)
68. Change=convert (change into another form)
69. Typical=quintessential (this word means represent a typical example of something)
70. Careful=cautious (very careful in order to avoid danger), prudent (careful and sensible)
71. Ability=capacity, capability (the same as ability)
72. Strange=eccentric (if some one is eccentric, s/he behaves in a strange way, or his/her opinion is different from most people)
73. Rich=affluent (if you are affluent, you have a lot of money)
74. Use=utilize (the same as use)
75. Dubious=skeptical (if you are skeptical about something, you have doubts on it.)
76. Satisfy=gratify (if you are gratified by something, it gives you pleasure and satisfaction)
77. Short=fleeting, ephemeral (if something is ephemeral, it lasts a short time)
78. Scholarship=fellowship
79. Angry=enraged (extremely angry)
80. Smelly=malodorous (used to describe an unpleasant smell)
81. Ugly=hideous (if something is hideous, it is very ugly or unattractive)
82. Attractive=appealing (pleasing and attractive), absorbing (something absorbing can attract you a great deal)
83. Diverse=miscellaneous (a miscellaneous groups consists of many different kinds of things)
84. Disorder n.杂乱，混乱 v.扰乱=disarray v.混乱, chaos n.混乱，混沌
85. Crazily=frantically (used to describe someone who behaves in a wild and uncontrolled way)
86. Rapid=meteoric (ATTENTION: meteoric is only used to describe someone achieves success quickly)
87. Ordinary=mundane (very ordinary and not at interesting or unusual)
88. Despite prep.尽管=notwithstanding (FORMAL)
89. Best=optimal (used to describe the best level something can achieve)
90. Sharp=acute (severe adj.严厉的，剧烈的and intense)
91. Unbelievable=inconceivable (if you deem something inconceivable, you think it very unlike to happen)
92. Puzzle=perplex (something perplex someone means it confuses and worries him/her because he/she does not understand it)
93. Method=avenue (a way of getting something done)
94. Famous=distinguished (used to describe people who are successful in their career)
95. Ancient=archaic (extremely old and extremely old-fashioned)
96. Decorate=embellish (embellish means make something look more attractive via decorating it with something else)
97. Possible=feasible (if something is feasible, it can be done, made or achieved)
98. So=consequently, accordingly
99. Rare=infrequent (does not happen often)
100. Greedy=rapacious (greedy and selfish) 短语
101. In my opinion=from my perspective
102. Very much=a great deal
103. For example=to give a demonstration
104. However=as a matter of fact, it is the other way around
105. Agree with=uphold (support and maintain v.维持，主张)
106. be full of=be saturated with (be filled with sth completely)
107. By=via
108. According to=in the light of
109. When it comes to=in terms of
110. From a XXX perspective=in XXX sense
111. Find a job=land a job 112. Latest=up to date
112.Think over=contemplate (think carefully), ruminate on (think carefully)
113. Achieve a goal=attain an accomplishment
114. At the same time=simultaneously
115. At the start of=on the threshold of 在……的开头，在……的前夕
116. Certainly=to a certain extent
117. Without doubt=indubitably adv.无疑地
118. In XXX means=via XXX avenue
119. Disagree with=be the last one to uphold
120. As fast as=apace with 单词
在写作考试中，用词是很重要的一部分。
学会使用不同的替换词是提高写作的一个小技巧。
以下是120组高大上的词汇替换表，希望能对大家有所帮助!
1. Important=crucial a.至关紧要的(extremely important), significant (amount or effect large enough to be important)
2. Common=universal a.普遍的, ubiquitous adj.普遍存在的(if something is ubiquitous, it seems to be everywhere)
3. Abundant=ample (enough and usually extra), plentiful (enough for people’s needs and wants)
4. Stick=adhere a.粘附, cling (hold on something tightly)
5. Neglect v.忽视=ignore. (Difference: neglect means someone has not paid enough attention to something; ignore means no attention.)
6. Near=adjacent (two things next to each other), adjoin (the same as adjacent)
7. Pursue=woo (man woos woman, old-fashioned), seek (if you seek sth, you try to obtain it. FORMAL)
8. Accurate=precise (precise is exact and accurate in all details), exact (correct in every detail)
9. Vague a.含糊的=obscure (unknown or known by only a few people)
10. Top=peak, summit
11. Competitor=rival, opponent (especially in sports and politics)
12. Blame n. /vt.责备，过失 =condemn (if you condemn something, you say it is very bad and unacceptable)
13. Opinon=perspective, standpoint (means looking at an event or situation in a particular way)
14. Fame=prestige (describe those who are admired), reputation
15. Build=erect (you can erect something as buildings, FORMAL), establish
16. Insult n. /vt. 侮辱，凌辱=humiliate (do something or say something which makes people feel ashamed or stupid)
17. Complain=grumble (complain something in a bad-tempered way)
18. Primary=radical (very important and great in degree), fundamental
19. Relieve=alleviate (alleviate means you make pain or sufferings less intense or severe)
20. Force=coerce sb into (coerce means you make someone do something s/he does not want to), compel
21. Enlarge=magnify (magnify means make something larger than it really is)
22. Complex=intricate (if something is intricate, it often has many small parts and details)
23. Lonely=solitary a. 孤独的 (if someone is solitary, there is no one near him/her)
24. Small=minuscule (very small), minute
25. Praise=extol (stronger than praise), compliment (polite and political)
26. hard-working=assiduous (someone who is assiduous works hard or does things very thoroughly)
27. Difficult=arduous (if something is arduous, it is difficult and tiring, and involves a lot of efforts)
28. Poor (soil) =barren n.荒地, infertile (used to describe the soil is so poor that plants cannot be planted on it)
29. Fragile=brittle a.易碎的，脆弱的, vulnerable (someone who is vulnerable is easily hurt emotionally or physically)
30. Show=demonstrate (to demonstrate a fact means to make it clear to people.)
31. Big=massive (large in size, quantity, or extent), colossal (use this word, you emphasize something is large), tremendous (INFORMAL)
32. avoid=shun(if someone shuns something, s/he deliberately a.故意的 avoid that something or keep away from it.)
33. Fair=impartial (someone who is impartial is able to give a fair opinion or decision on something.)
34. Attack=assault (physically attack someone), assail (attack violently)
35. Dislike=abhor (abhor means you hate something to a extreme extent for moral reasons), loathe (dislike very much)
36. ruin v.使破产，使毁灭 n.毁灭=devastate(it means damage something very badly, or utterly a.完全的，彻底的 destroy it.)
37. Disaster=catastrophe (a catastrophe is an unexpected event that cause great suffering and damages)
38. finally=eventually(especially after a lot of delays), ultimately adv.最后，终于(after complicated series of events)
39. Always=invariably (the same as always, but better than always)
40. Forever=perpetual (a perpetual state never changes), immutable (something immutable will never change or be changed)
41. Surprise=startle (it means surprise you slightly), astound (surprise you to a large degree), astonish (the same as astound)
42. Enthusiasm n.狂热，热心=zeal(a great enthusiasm), fervency(sincere a.诚挚，真诚and enthusiasm)
43. Quiet=tranquil (calm and peaceful), serene (calm and quiet)
44. Expensive=exorbitant (it means too expensive that it should be)
45.luxurious=lavish adj.浪费的 vt.浪费，慷慨给与(impressive and very expensive), sumptuous(grand and very expensive)
46. Boring=tedious (if you describe something tedious, you mean it is boring and frustrating)
47. Respect=esteem (if you esteem someone, you respect and admire v.赞美him/her. FORMAL)
48. Worry=fret (if you fret about something, you worry about it)
49. Cold=chilly a.寒冷的(unpleasantly cold), icy (extremely cold)
50. Hot=boiling (very hot)
51. Dangerous=perilous (very dangerous), hazardous (dangerous, especially to people’s safety and health)
52. Nowadays=currently
53. Only=unique (the only one of its kind), distinctive a.与众不同的
54. Stop=cease (if something ceases, it stops happening or existing)
55. Part=component (the components of something are the parts that it is made of)
56. Result=consequence (the results or effects of something)
57. Obvious=apparent, manifest a.显然的 58. Based on=derived from 得自, 由来, 衍生
58.Awful=nauseous (if something makes you nauseous, you want to vomit)
59. Remarkable=conspicuous (if something is conspicuous a.显著的, people can see or notice them very easily)
60. Quite=fairly
61. Pathetic=lamentable (very uncomfortable and disappointing)
62. Field=domain (a particular field of thought, activities or interest)
63. Appear=emerge (come into existence)
64. Whole=entire (the whole of something)
65. Wet=moist (slightly wet), damp (slightly wet), humid (very damp and hot) 66. Difficult=formidable
66.Happy=jovial (if someone is jovial, s/he is happy and behaves in a cheerful way)
67. Sad=inconsolable (extremely sad and cannot be comforted)
68. Change=convert (change into another form)
69. Typical=quintessential (this word means represent a typical example of something)
70. Careful=cautious (very careful in order to avoid danger), prudent (careful and sensible)
71. Ability=capacity, capability (the same as ability)
72. Strange=eccentric (if some one is eccentric, s/he behaves in a strange way, or his/her opinion is different from most people)
73. Rich=affluent (if you are affluent, you have a lot of money)
74. Use=utilize (the same as use)
75. Dubious=skeptical (if you are skeptical about something, you have doubts on it.)
76. Satisfy=gratify (if you are gratified by something, it gives you pleasure and satisfaction)
77. Short=fleeting, ephemeral (if something is ephemeral, it lasts a short time)
78. Scholarship=fellowship
79. Angry=enraged (extremely angry)
80. Smelly=malodorous (used to describe an unpleasant smell)
81. Ugly=hideous (if something is hideous, it is very ugly or unattractive)
82. Attractive=appealing (pleasing and attractive), absorbing (something absorbing can attract you a great deal)
83. Diverse=miscellaneous (a miscellaneous groups consists of many different kinds of things)
84. Disorder n.杂乱，混乱 v.扰乱=disarray v.混乱, chaos n.混乱，混沌
85. Crazily=frantically (used to describe someone who behaves in a wild and uncontrolled way)
86. Rapid=meteoric (ATTENTION: meteoric is only used to describe someone achieves success quickly)
87. Ordinary=mundane (very ordinary and not at interesting or unusual)
88. Despite prep.尽管=notwithstanding (FORMAL)
89. Best=optimal (used to describe the best level something can achieve)
90. Sharp=acute (severe adj.严厉的，剧烈的and intense)
91. Unbelievable=inconceivable (if you deem something inconceivable, you think it very unlike to happen)
92. Puzzle=perplex (something perplex someone means it confuses and worries him/her because he/she does not understand it)
93. Method=avenue (a way of getting something done)
94. Famous=distinguished (used to describe people who are successful in their career)
95. Ancient=archaic (extremely old and extremely old-fashioned)
96. Decorate=embellish (embellish means make something look more attractive via decorating it with something else)
97. Possible=feasible (if something is feasible, it can be done, made or achieved)
98. So=consequently, accordingly
99. Rare=infrequent (does not happen often)
100. Greedy=rapacious (greedy and selfish) 短语
101. In my opinion=from my perspective
102. Very much=a great deal
103. For example=to give a demonstration
104. However=as a matter of fact, it is the other way around
105. Agree with=uphold (support and maintain v.维持，主张)
106. be full of=be saturated with (be filled with sth completely)
107. By=via
108. According to=in the light of
109. When it comes to=in terms of
110. From a XXX perspective=in XXX sense
111. Find a job=land a job 112. Latest=up to date
112.Think over=contemplate (think carefully), ruminate on (think carefully)
113. Achieve a goal=attain an accomplishment
114. At the same time=simultaneously
115. At the start of=on the threshold of 在……的开头，在……的前夕
116. Certainly=to a certain extent
117. Without doubt=indubitably adv.无疑地
118. In XXX means=via XXX avenue
119. Disagree with=be the last one to uphold
机关公文写作常用词汇 篇5
比照：参照.
参照：参考、依照。例如“现将《关于开展优质服务活动的情况报告》印发给你们，请参照办理”。
照此：按这样去办。例如“同意所拟，望照此办理。”
颁布：颁发、宣布。多用于法律法令和行政法规的正式公布。
发布：公开宣布。侧重于法规、指示、通知等的正式公布。
公布：公开发布、宣布。
此布：在这里宣布。多用于布告的结尾，按照习惯应另起一行，左空两格，使用发布机关名称字号相同的大号字，以使醒目。
布置：对工作、活动作出具体的安排。
颁发：发布、授予。
颁行：颁布、施行。多用于政策法规的颁发与贯彻执行。例如“居民身份证，有公安机关负责颁行和管理。”
为：表示目的、原因的介词，多用于公文的开头，放在句子前面以构成目的句。例如“为保障民用航空器的安全，防止劫持、破坏民航飞机和破坏民用航空设备事件的发生，特通知如下”。
为了：与“为”的使用相同。例如“为了发扬党内民主，健全党内生活，保障党民权利的正常行使和不受侵犯，根据《中国共产党章程》，特制定本条例”。
为此：为了这个。多用于承接上文。例如“……为此，提出以下三点要求”。
为要：至为重要。例如“中央经济工作会议提出了发展经济的一系列重要措施，望各级党组织认真贯彻为要”。
为盼：十分盼望。例如“望速研究并即函复我局为盼”。
为荷：表示承情感谢的惯用语，常用于信函的文末。例如“兹介绍我局李小兵等三同志前去厂局参观学习，请予接洽为荷”。
期：从时间、期限长短上看。例如“全面开工已为期不远，请抓紧完成准备事宜”。 特：特地。常用于公文开头与主体之间的过渡。例如“特通知如下”、“特决定如下”、“特作如下决议”。
特此：特地在这里。多用于公文开头到主体之间的过渡，例如“特此通知如下”;另外也经常用于报告、决定、通知、指示等稳重的结尾，例如“特此报告。”
必须：表示在事实上、道理上必要，带有指令口气，一般用于下行文中讲主张、提要求的内容部分。
必需：一定要有、不可缺少的。例如“组织文书工作人员系统学习文书、档案知识，是加强文书队伍建设所必需的”。
必要：不可缺少，非这样不可。例如“在党员和党员领导干部中大力提倡批评与自我批评是十分必要的”。
严禁：严格禁止。例如“严禁铺张浪费、请客送礼”。
严谨：严密谨慎。例如“对重大问题的处理，一定要严谨慎重，不可草率行事”。
严重：程度深、影响大、情势危急。
严守：严格遵守。例如“严守国家机密”。
严加：严格加以。例如“对屡教不改者要严加处理”。
按期：依照规定的日期。
按时：依照规定的时限。
届时：到时候。
此复：就以这样的内容向你作出答复。一般用于复函、批复的末尾。
此令：就以这样的内容，并于此时此地向受令对象发布命令。一般用于命令的末尾。 专此：专门在这里。
报请：向上级机关行文，请求解决、答复、批准某一问题。
报经：报告并已经得到。例如“我市行政机构改革的方案已报经省政府批准”。 报送：向上级呈报。
报批：呈报上级机关批准。
不日：不久。例如“你局所需的资料，不日即可送达”。
不宜：不适宜。
参阅：参考阅看。
参考：参照思考。例如“这个做法有一定的借鉴意义，可供各单位参考”。
部署：安排、布置。多用于对比较重要的工作及全局性工作的安排与布置。
悉：知道。多用于批复、复函的开头。
收悉：收到并已知悉。
已悉：已经知道。
阅悉：看过并已知道。
详悉：详细知道。
鉴于：考虑到。主要用于表明事情的原因。
批示：对下级报送的报告、计划等非呈请性公文所做的文字批注。例如：“中央有关领导同志已在情况反映上作了重要批示”。
批阅：对下级报送的文件进行阅看、审批。
拟：打算。
拟于：打算在。例如：拟于六月下旬召开庆祝中国共产党诞辰80周年理论研讨会。
施行：付诸实施、执行。多用于法规性公文的“附则”的末尾，与时间结合用以表明公文的时效。例如“本条例自公布之日起施行”。
可行：表示认可和同意。多用于对上行文的批示，例如“该文所提意见可行，准予办理”。还多用于请示的末尾，其请上级准行，例如“是否可行，请批示”。
雅思G类写作常用词汇句型 篇6
a solid theory foundation坚实的理论基础
advertisement广告
all-round全面的
an intimate knowledge of熟练的知识
applicant申请人
apply for申请
be available for an interview可以参加面试
be qualified for有资格
character/personality性格，个性
contact number联系电话
competent有能力的
diploma毕业证
expected salary期望得到的薪水
graduate (from)毕业
have a good command of对掌握熟练
interpersonal skills人际关系的技巧
meet the requirements满足要求
practical experience实践经验
qualification资格
vacancy空缺
金融英语——常用词汇(八十二) 篇7
A period of general economic decline. Contractions areoften part of a business cycle， coming after an expansionaryphase and before a recession.
经济总体下滑的阶段。经济萎缩中商业循环的一部分, 在经济膨胀之后而在衰退之前。
contractual plan contributed capital实缴资本
Capital received from investors for stock， equal tocapital stock plus contributed capital. Also called contributedcapital. Also called paid-in capital.
投资人以股票形式的投资。等于股本加实缴资本。也叫解入资本。是指股东向企业投入的现金资产或其他资产。
contributions缴款
An amount of money put into a savings / investmentplan.
是指企业对养老金账户的款项支付, 即养老金缴款。
contributory negligence导致意外的过失
Lack of care on the part of an injured individual，contributing to the injury.
是指由于受害人本身的疏忽而应负一定的责任, 其损失应由双方共同负担。
control account控制账户
An account held in a ledger which summarises the balance of all the accounts in the same or another ledger.Typically each subsidiary ledger will have a control account which will be mirrored by another control account in the nominal ledger (see'self-balancing ledgers') .
是指一个总括账户, 用来反映辅助分类账的分录总额和余额。统制账户的余额应和辅助分类账的余额之和相等。
controlling interest控股权
The ownership of more than 50% of a company's voting stock; or a significant fraction， even if less than 50%， if the rest of the shares are not actively voted.
大于50%公司投票权的所有权;当剩余股份不足以行使否决权时, 即使小于50%, 一重要份额也可成为控股权。是指持有比他人更多公司投票权的企业或个人。
controlling shareholder控制股东
An individual or corporation that owns the majority of shares in a corporation
拥有一个公司大部分股份的公司或个人。convention statement常规年度报表
An annual statement that must be filed by life insurancecompanies in each state where they do business.
公司的各种业务状态下, 均由寿险公司归档的年度报表。
conventional option常规期权
An option contract arranged off the trading floor andnot traded regularly.
是指不在上市期权市场内流通的买入和看跌期权。
conventional pass through常规转手证券
Also called private-label pass-throughs， any mortgage pass-through security not guaranteed by government agencies.
是指金融机构以抵押贷款为基础发行, 政府不担保其本金和利息的一种证券。
convergence n.趋同, 逼近现价
The coming together of futures prices and cash marketprices on the final trading day of a futures contract， as thebasis approaches zero.
是指在期货交易中, 随着合同到期日临近, 其价格将逐渐接近期货商品的现金价值。
conversion n.兑换
The process of converting a convertible security， suchas a bond or preferred stock， into common stock.
将可转换证券如债券或优先股转换为普通股票的过程。是指将一种可兑换的资产兑换为另一种资产的行为。
conversion arbitrage兑换套利
A risk-free transaction in which an investor buys a putand writes a call for shares of stock already held.
投资人对手持股份买入一个看跌期权的同时安排一个买入期权的无风险交易。
conversion factor转换因子
Factor which is designed to correct the fact that the deliverable security is not identical with the notional bond and which establishes a correspondence between futures contracts and bonds deliverable for these contracts.
是指对债券的到期年限与票面利率不同所做出的价格调整, 这个调整的比例就是转换因子。
考研英语写作常用词汇 篇8
请大家先尝试把下面这句话翻译成英文。
由于我们不是很懂消防训练，因此在训练开始前，我们老师认真向我们讲解了发生火灾时我们应该做些什么。
恐怕大部分同学一开始翻译出的句子都差不多是这样的：
Because we didn't know much about fire drills， our teacher showed us what we should do when the fire happened before the fire drill began.
这句话没有什么问题，表意清楚，语法正确，但所用的单词基本上连小学生都会。这样的句子怎么可能得到阅卷老师的青睐呢？现在，我们一起来对这句话进行词汇升级。那么，进行升级时我们应该重点关注哪些单词呢？又该如何来提升呢？此前，大家首先需要明白以下两点。
1. “动词”是语言的核心和灵魂。例如“我喜欢你”和“我爱你”这两句话，“喜欢”与“爱”一词之差，表达的情感程度截然不同。因此，我们应该首先提升的就是句子中的动词，即上面例子中的know、showed、do和happened。
2. 相对来说，利用英文来直接提升英文词汇比较难。例如，我们要替换掉know，势必要先想出know的近义词。有些同学可能会想到understand或acknowledge，但这两个词用在这里并不合适。笔者的建议就是，提升词汇也要从中文入手，先找出中文的近义词，改变中文的表达法，再译成英文。例如“保护环境是至关重要的”中“重要的”一词，相信大家首先想到的一定是important。英文基础好的同学可能会想到of overriding importance的说法。但如果想不到比important更好的表达又该怎么办呢？此时我们就可以从中文入手，将“重要的”替换为其近义词“必要的”，这样大家就会想到necessary，进而有人会想到essential这个词。
接下来，我们就利用“先转换中文，再提升英文”的思路对上面例句中的词汇进行提升。
①我们不是很懂消防训练。
思路：大家可以不必纠结于“懂”这个词的近义词，而是从整句话的角度换种说法来表达同样的意思。
【中文转换】我们在消防训练上没经验。/我们不精通消防训练。/我们几乎对消防训练一窍不通。
【英文提升】We have no experience in fire drills./We are not expert at fire drills./We know next to nothing about fire drills.
②我们老师向我们讲解了……
思路：大家也许能够想到“讲解”就是“解释（explain）”，但explain还是稍微有些简单。打开思路，你可能会想到“给……以指导”这样的表达。
【中文转换】我们老师在……方面给了我们一些指导
【英文提升】Our teacher gave us some instructions on .../Our teacher instructed us on ...
③我们应该做些什么
思路：对于“做”，我们基本上只能想到用do来表达，因此必须先转换中文的表达方式，比如我们可以换为“处理”等。
【中文转换】我们应该如何处理/我们应该采取什么措施/我们应该作何反应
【英文提升】How to deal with it/What measures we should take/How to react
③发生火灾时
思路：除了用take place和occur替换happen，还有什么办法？在这里给大家讲个小技巧：我们可以通过转换主语来换动词。动作发出者不同，谓语动词必然不同，比如“公园要不要收门票”可以转换成“游客要不要交钱”来达到换词目的。这句话中“发生火灾”就可以转换为“我们遭受火灾”“我们面临火灾”等。
【中文转换】我们遭受火灾时/我们面临火灾时
【英文提升】When we suffer fire/When we are faced with fire
动词换完了，我们还可以对其他一些词进行替换，如将because替换为due to或since等。所有词替换完之后就可以把整个句子写成：Since we didn't have much experience in fire drills， our teacher gave us some instructions on how to react when we came across a fire before the fire drill began.
现在，我们试着将这个方法应用在高考英语真题上。2012年北京卷情景作文中，根据图画内容需要写这样一句话：当我看到公交车离开时，我感到很开心，因为我帮助了别人。大家写出来的句子可能会是这样的：When I saw the bus leaving， I felt very happy because I had helped others. 现在我们一起来处理几个关键动词：
①“离开”还可以表达为“消失在远方（disappear into the distance）”；
②“感到开心”可以表达为“觉得满足（satisfied或content）”，还可以把主语“我”转换成“开心”，表达为delight filled my heart；
③“帮助了别人”可以表达为“为别人提供了便利（do sb. a favor）”或“对需要的人伸出援手（offer others in need a helping hand）”。
经过处理后这句话就可以写成：When I saw the bus disappearing into the distance， a sense of delight filled my heart because I had offered others in need a helping hand.
通过利用中文转换来提升英文词汇，我们最终写出的句子明显比之前的漂亮很多。当然，要想让句子更加出彩，还需要从句型上面做文章，适当应用非谓语结构、倒装结构等丰富句型。当然，饭要一口一口吃，路要一步一步走，读完此文，大家还是赶紧练习一下，先掌握这个提升词汇的好方法吧！
作者简介：
张钦，北京新东方学校优能中学优秀教师，主要教授写作等高中课程及港大面试课程。毕业于澳大利亚悉尼大学，获媒体实务硕士学位；曾担任青岛新闻台《English Today》主播、澳大利亚电视台出镜记者及大型活动双语主持；2003年起从事英语教学，2006年加入北京新东方学校，教学经验丰富。
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