现代诗歌阅读理解试题

现代诗歌阅读理解试题（精选8篇）

现代诗歌阅读理解试题 篇1

现代文阅读试题内容

现代文阅读试题内容

阅读下面的短文，回答文后的问题。

人们常会天真地认为，人类是大自然的主宰。你看，有那么些人，带着全副装备，历尽千难万险，爬到干年积雪的顶峰，把手中的小旗往脚下一插，就豪迈地宣布：我们已经征服了高山。

有句话说“人类一思考，上帝就发笑”。如果高山有情，面对这些“征服者”，也会笑得前仰后合。一只蚂蚁，有幸艰难地爬上了大象的背，于是它宣布：我已征服了这只大象。这是不是太滑稽了?意大利有位女探险家，不远万里来到新疆塔克拉玛干沙漠。她要挑战自然，徒步穿越大沙漠，创造奇迹。可是当她走出沙漠时，却跪倒在沙漠边上。记者问她有什么感想。她说她不承认征服了沙漠，而是感谢沙漠能让她通过。

我们曾那么意气风发地相信“人定胜天”，口口声声说要创造自然。大片大片地开山垦荒、围湖造田，大肆砍伐森林，无节制地掠夺自然资源。几百年才长成的林木，人类可以在短短的几十分钟内让它们在地球上消失;上千年的热带雨林，可以在几年内将它们变成光秃秃的平地;几百万年才进化而成的物种，可以在几十年间使它们绝迹。人类还有什么不能办到的?大家说人类的力量真是伟大。可是，还没有来得及陶醉，大自然就反过来惩罚人类了。水土流失使江河床位上升，水灾频发，生灵涂炭;沙尘暴肆虐，大气污染，局部地区的空气质量已不适合人类居住。这到底是谁征服谁?

究竟什么才是人类的力量?

当我们想砍伐参天大树时，果断地放下了屠刀;当我们想品尝珍禽野味时，毅然地收起了;面对一片静谧的湖水，我们发出一声由衷的赞叹;面对一座巍峨的高山，我们欣赏它的神秘和雄伟……这才叫人类的力量理性的力量。

1.文中“蚂蚁征服大象”的例子论证了什么观点?

答：

2.下列对第二自然段中画线语句的理解，不正确的一项是( )

A.女探险家认为成功穿越大沙漠，是因为大自然提供了机会和条件。

B.女探险家以谦虚谨慎的.态度看待自己成功穿越大沙漠。

C.女探险家成功穿越大沙漠后，感受到大自然无与伦比的威力。

D.女探险家成功穿越大沙漠后，认识到不应把大自然作为征服的对象。

3.文中第三自然段加点的词语形成时间上的强烈对照，这对于文章思想内容和作者思想感情的表达起什么作用?

答：

4.根据文意，概括指出“人类的力量理性的力量”是什么。

答：选自《中学生阅读》初中版第11期

现代诗歌阅读理解试题 篇2

然而,这样的题目要保证得满分是不容易的,同学们常常出现失误的表现在:一是不能很好地通读全文,不能从整体上把握,断章取义,理解片面;二是过分强调自己的想法,而不尊重作者的初衷;三是自身的生活积累、人生观有悖常理;四是思路不清晰,不能用简明、准确、通畅的语言加以表述等。同学们要准确答题,必须做到:

★一、认真阅读文章,弄懂文章的主题、内容和情感

同学们应在整体把握文章内容和思想的基础上,结合学习生活,联系自我来谈阅读感受和阅读体验,力戒舍弃文本答题的错误倾向。但就内容而言,如果只能孤立地看到一个词语、一句话,是难以“见解”到位的。只有结合语境,联系上下文,揣摩语言的组合关系,认真推敲,把自己的主观感受和文本实际结合起来,才能真正达到命题者预想的要求。

★二、明确题目的要求,清楚答题的范围

同学们应结合题干的信息进行判断,看看题目要求从哪些方面来谈论见解、发表看法。见解型的题中,有的是要求谈“好不好”的,有的是要求谈“对不对”的,有的是要求谈“是不是”的,有的是要求谈“怎么样”的,有的则是要求谈对主旨或含义的理解的。要把这些先辨析清楚,这样才能有的放矢地答题。

★三、要找准切入点,善于联系生活实际

可从时代背景切入,也可从关键性语句切入,还可以从自己的生活经验切入。一般来说,阐述见解题大多要求同学们联系生活实际来答题,因此同学们作答时,要根据题目要求,巧妙地列举实际生活中的事例来佐证自己的见解,增强自己感受的真实可靠性。一般题目中出现“你”的,答案中往往要出现“我”。材料链接的时候,则答案中一定要涉及到材料中的关键词。谈论时一要把握整体,切勿断章取义;二要有理有据,表述充分具体,不可含糊不清;三要客观公正,不凭空捏造。

★四、注意答题观点的正确性

同学们要注意反复细读全文,对文章的主旨把握准确之后再答题。同学们发表的观点既要明确,更要正确。虽然这类题型属于开放性试题,可以仁者见仁,智者见智,但也要和文章的主旨保持一致,要“通过自己的思考,作出判断”,注意答题内容的辩证性,自我感悟基本不能脱离社会的主流,不要偏离主旨,胡乱作答,不能去打擦边球,防止在表述时出现绝对化。如评价文章的情感倾向,评价文中的人物,评价文中的观点等等。我们在平时阅读中要提高自己对此类试题的主观审视能力,要掌握正确的思维方法,如“一分为二法”“比较法”等等,从而根据一定的标准进行判断,提出自己独立的见解,作出全面、客观的评价,观点要鲜明,语言要概括凝练。答题重点应放在“说明理由”上,“理”要充分,要能说服人。陈述理由时应顺应时代潮流,思想观念应健康向上,不宜作消极回答。

★五、要注意语言表达的准确简洁,条理清楚

一般自我见解题均为简答题,语言的组织和表达还是要简明、准确、流畅的。话不在多而在见解到位。下面三种答题模式,同学们可以根据不同的题型来选择借鉴:用一个完整的句子,简明地表达自己的观点;用“总——分”式的答题模式进行答题,先用一个中心句来表达观点,然后从几个方面进行阐释;用“分点分项”的模式来进行答题。

中考现代文阅读试题选登 篇3

听泥土说话

①儿子失败了，带着沮丧从那个城市回来。母亲是个哑巴，从菜园里回来，见了儿子就明白了一切，用手比划着，又觉得比划不清。于是，将准备放下的锄头又拾起来，挖了一块土递给儿子。

②这一夜，儿子没睡。月光照在方桌上，方桌上放着那块泥土。儿子望着泥土出神。后来，他仿佛感觉到泥土在跟他说话。是啊，没什么大不了的，就算输光了一切，家乡的泥土输不掉。就算不被任何城市收留，这块泥土会接纳他。就算失败如影相随，只要是块泥土，播下种子总有发芽的机会。儿子看着泥土一夜没睡，对着月光想了一夜。

③第二天，儿子走了，________________。

④带上那块泥土上路。儿子的心如泥土般踏实，性格如泥土般坚韧，待人如泥土般诚恳，为人如泥土般坦荡。

⑤十年的挣扎、打拼，儿子成功了。一身光鲜从城里回来，得意洋洋。

⑥母亲从菜园回来，显然较之十年前已苍老了许多。儿子接过母亲的锄头，怨责母亲：“您老这是何苦？这锄头您今后再也用不上了。”说完，就要把锄头扔了。母亲比比划划，感觉到比划不清时，又把锄头重新拾起来，挖了一块土，送给儿子。

⑦一如十年前的那个夜晚，月光照亮了儿子屋里的小方桌和方桌上这块新的泥土。眼前的情景让儿子想了又想，又和泥土对了一夜的话。泥土永远处在低处，所以不会从高处落下来，跌得很痛。月光下，只有泥土黑漆漆一片，它不以光亮示人，它的光芒永在内心，才有质朴浑厚的力量。泥土不会因为身处高峰而自傲，也不会因为身处低谷而自卑。每一块泥土都很自然、平静、从容，所以才如此博大、深厚。

⑧第二天，儿子走了，带着深深的羞愧。

⑨从此，儿子处世如泥土般低调，性情如泥土般内敛，为人如泥土般虚心，对待成败得失亦如泥土般自然、平静和从容。

⑩几年之后，与儿子同时发迹的伙伴，三三两两地从很高的位置掉下来，跌得很痛，只有儿子一步一步走得很稳。

{11}“发迹之后，我就扔掉了那块土。不过，好在失败之前，母亲送给了我这块土。”儿子常对朋友们说，“再把这块土扔了，就等于扔掉了我的整个人生。”

⒈文章构思巧妙，两次写儿子在不同经历中倾听泥土说话，第一次是在___________时倾听，听到的是：________________________；第二次是在__________________时倾听，听到的是：________________________。

⒉文中的“泥土”仅仅是指自然界的泥土吗？请谈谈你的理解。

____________________________________________________________

⒊阅读全文，仿照第⑧段，在第③段的横线上把句子补充完整。

第二天，儿子走了，____________________。

⒋请简要分析文中画线句“再把这块土扔了，就等于扔掉了我的整个人生”的深刻含义。

____________________________________________________________

⒌阅读下列材料，结合本文，写出你的探究结果。

材料一：昔有孟母，为儿成才，三迁居地；更有岳母，苦心刺字，教儿“精忠报国”。

材料二：慈母手中线，游子身上衣。临行密密缝，意恐迟迟归。谁言寸草心，报得三春晖。(孟郊《游子吟》)

材料三：有一对年轻父母，在空中缆车坠毁的瞬间，擎起爱的双臂，将儿子高高托起。父母不幸遇难，儿子的生命却保住了。

探究结果： ____________________

（2007年湖北黄冈市中考语文试题）

二、阅读下面文章，完成1～5题。

老海棠树

①奶奶，和一棵老海棠树，在我的记忆里不能分开。好像她们从来就在一起。

②老海棠树有两条粗壮的枝桠，弯曲如一把躺椅，小时候我常爬上去，一天一天地在那儿玩。奶奶在树下喊：“下来，下来吧，你就这么一天到晚呆在上头不下来了？”是的，我在那儿看小人书，用弹弓向四处射击，甚至在那儿写作业。“饭也在上头吃吗？”对，在上头吃。奶奶把盛好的饭菜举过头顶，我两腿攀紧树桠，一个海底捞月把碗筷接上来。“觉呢，也在上头睡？”没错。四周是花香，是蜂鸣，春风拂面，是沾衣不染的海棠花雨。奶奶站在地上，站在屋前，站在老海棠树下，望着我……

③春天，老海棠树摇动满树繁花，摇落一地雪似的花瓣。我记得奶奶坐在树下糊纸袋，不时地冲我叨唠：“就不下来帮帮我？你那小手儿糊得多快！”我在树上东一句西一句地唱歌。奶奶又说：“我求过你吗？这回活儿紧！”我说：“我爸我妈根本就不想让您糊那破玩艺儿，是您自己非要这么累！”奶奶于是不再吭声，直了直腰，又凝神糊她的纸袋。

④或者夏天，老海棠树枝繁叶茂，奶奶坐在树下的浓荫里，又不知从哪儿找来了补花的活儿，戴着老花镜，埋头于床单或被罩，一针一线地缝。天色暗下来时她冲我喊：“你就不能劳驾去洗洗菜？没见我忙不过来吗？”我跳下树，洗菜，胡乱一洗了事。奶奶生气了：“你们上班上学，就是这么胡弄？”奶奶把手里的活儿推开，一边重新洗菜一边说：“我就一辈子得给你们做饭？就不能有我自己的工作？”这回是我不再吭声。

⑤有年秋天，老海棠树照旧果实累累，落叶纷纷。那时我大些了，在外工作，从陕北回来看她，奶奶已经腰弯背驼。早晨，天还昏暗，奶奶就起来扫院子，“刷拉刷拉”的声音把我惊醒。我赶紧跑出去：“您歇着吧，我来，保证用不了三分钟。”可这回奶奶不要我帮：“你刚回来，去歇息着吧。”

⑥冬天，窗外，风中，老海棠树枯干的枝条敲打着屋檐，摩擦着窗棂。奶奶常常在灯下学习。她曾经读一本《扫盲识字课本》，再后是一字一句地念报纸上的头版新闻。那一回，奶奶举着一张报纸，小心地凑到我跟前：“这一段，你给我说说，到底什么意思？”我看也不看就回答：“不知道。再说，您学那玩意儿有用吗？”奶奶立刻不语，唯低头盯着那张报纸，半天半天目光都不移动。我的心一下子收紧，但知已无法弥补。“奶奶。”“奶奶！”“奶奶——”我记得她终于抬起头时，眼里竟无对我的责备。

⑦……

⑧如今，奶奶已离我而去。而在我的梦里，我的祈祷中，老海棠树也便随之飘然而去，跟随着奶奶，陪伴着她，围拢着她。奶奶坐在满树的繁花中，满地的浓荫里，望着我，或不时地要我给她说说：“这一段到底是什么意思？”——这形象，定格成我的思念和我永生的痛悔。

⒈从第④段中找出与第⑤段画线句“可这回奶奶不要我帮”相照应的句子：

____________________________________________________________

⒉第②段写“我”在老海棠树上的活动，在文中的作用是

____________________________________________________________

⒊品读第⑥段画线部分“‘奶奶。’‘奶奶！’‘奶奶——’”，从语气的角度分析“我”心理变化的过程。

____________________________________________________________

⒋从全文看，以“老海棠树”为标题的好处是

____________________________________________________________

⒌选择文中最触动你的一个场景，写一段80字左右的感想。

____________________________________________________________

（2007年上海市中考语文试题）

【参考答案】

一、1.失败失败并不可怕，只要有信念，只要播下希望的种子，就一定会有成功的机会。成功成功了，不要得意洋洋，应该谨慎、低调、虚心地待人处世。 ⒉文中的“泥土”不仅仅是指自然界的泥土，更是母親的化身。母亲平凡、朴实如泥土，她巧妙地借泥土告诫儿子如何为人处世，并传达出对儿子深深的爱。 ⒊带着无比的自信。(带着灿烂的笑容；带着美好的梦想。)⒋画线句子意味深长。此时的儿子已深深地领悟到：这块土寄托着母亲的期盼，蕴涵着为人处世之道。如果失去了这些，就意味着失去了人生的一切。 ⒌母爱是无声的，母爱是无私无畏的，母爱是无处不在的。(意近即可)

高中语文现代文阅读试题及答案 篇4

(摘编自《重磅!移动支付安全报告》，203月10日《今日头条》)

7.下列对材料一表格内容的理解，不正确的一项是(3分)

A.70后对于支付平台系统稳定性和操作体验友好性与便利性的需求高于其它年龄阶段，同时选择支付场景的要求更高。

B.90后在选择移动支付平台时对多项因素都比较重视。为争取90后的市场，支付平台首先需要大幅度地提升自己的品牌影响力与信任度。

C.60后在选择移动支付平台的考虑因素时，只有一项突出，说明他们在选择移动支付平台方面与其它年龄段的人们相比，要求不高。

D.在选择移动支付平台考虑因素中，随着年龄段的增长，用户对交易安全性愈发重视;交易优惠与补贴等激励措施，对年轻人更加有效。

8.下列对材料相关内容的概括和分析，最恰当的两项是(5分)

A.截至年6月，我国使用网上支付的用户规模达到2.92亿，与此同时，手机支付增长迅速，用户规模达到2.05亿，手机支付与网上支付的规模差距正在缩小。

B.虽然我国移动支付行业发展迅速，但是对中老年人群而言，移动支付存在着诸多不便，所以他们并不愿意使用移动支付。

C.作为支付环节的各个“玩家”没有参与到帮助消费者化解欺诈损失的行动中去，所以大部分受访者在遭遇移动支付欺诈时会选择向公安机关报案。

D.材料一和材料三注重通过客观数据来分析问题，语言更严谨、理性;材料二更倾向于用事实来说话，更贴近生活。

E.三则材料都介绍了我国移动支付的发展现状，其中材料二的作者对现阶段我国移动支付的发展完全持消极态度。

9.我国移动支付发展迅猛，让世界惊叹。请结合上述材料简要概括我国移动支付继续蓬勃发展需要进一步完善的相关环节及措施。(4分)

试题答案：

7.B(3分)

8.8.A(2分)、D(3分)

9.(4分)①第三方支付机构需提升交易的安全性、个人隐私的安全性以及支付平台系统稳定性。

②在移动支付流程、手机功能设计上多考虑中老年用户的需求。

③支付环节的各机构、公司等需要让消费者产生信赖意识。

高中语文现代文阅读试题及答案 篇5

中国传统美学是由三家组成的，即儒家美学、道家美学和禅宗美学。儒家美学是以孔子和孟子为代表，道家美学是以老子和庄子为代表，禅宗美学是以六祖慧能为代表。

儒家在中国古代社会是占正统地位的，两千多年封建社会处于主导地位的思想就是儒家思想。儒家突出一个仁字。仁者爱人，其实就是讲和谐，儒家尤其强调人与人、人与社会的和谐。儒家的思想是入世，道家的思想是出世，禅宗的思想是循世。我们可以各列举一位唐代的诗人来说明。儒家的唐代诗坛代表人物毫无疑问是杜甫，杜甫被称为诗圣，因为他是典型的儒家思想的代表人物。道家的唐代诗坛代表人物是大诗人李白，李白被称为诗仙，因为他是典型的道家思想的代表人物。禅宗的唐代诗坛代表人物是大诗人王维，王维被称为诗佛，因为他是典型的禅宗思想的代表人物。

三种美学，在一代文人身上不是截然分开的。虽然杜甫是以儒家为主，李白是以道家为主，王维是以禅宗为主，但并不是说他们身上就没有别的思想。杜甫身上也有道家的东西，李白身上也有儒家的东西，王维身上也有儒家甚至道家的东西。比如，王维进朝做官肯定要按儒家的方式行事，上朝是儒家，退朝是禅宗。所以说，他们每个人身上三种美学都有，只不过是每个人更侧重哪一种。另外，一直讲儒道互补，庄禅相通，这八个字概括了三种美学、三种文化相互渗透的特点。中国文化有很大的包容性，如果大家去过青岛崂山，就能发现山上佛教的庙宇和道教的道观和平相处，互不侵犯。我们国家没有一个宗教能占统治地位，但是什么教派都能留下来。世界上的三大宗教在中国都有分支，但是谁也不占统治地位。

再一个是艺术作为精神的家园给中国历代知识分子提供了一个精神的空间，尤其是道家和禅宗。刚才讲了儒家是入世，但是在历代知识分子失意的时候，道家和禅宗往往成为他们的精神家园。比如说中国画家中著名的元代四大家、明代四大家、清代扬州八怪全都是寄情于书画，在道家和禅宗里面尽情地遐想。而西方就不一样了，西方很多知识分子功成名就以后都自杀了，包括文学家、艺术家、思想家等。如德国哲学家尼采，他是19世纪德国的一位大哲学家，他的名著《悲剧的诞生》中有句名言是这样说的，就算人生是个梦，我们也要有滋有味地做这个梦就算人生是幕悲剧，我们也要有声有色地演这幕悲剧。但是，十分可惜的是尼采自己就没有做完这场梦和演完这幕剧，他在功成名就之后反而自杀了，因为他钻研越深入，越找不到精神的`家园。奥地利著名作家茨威格也是一个典型例子，茨威格就是在拿了文学大奖以后和他的妻子双双服毒自尽的，既不是经济原因也不是生病导致的，就是因为他觉得越写下去越找不到精神的家园。而中国的文人可以在艺术里面找到精神的家园，失意之后往往到道家美学和禅宗美学的精神家园中寻找寄托。

1、下列关于原文传统美学内容的表述，不正确的一项是

A、中国传统美学是由儒家美学、道家美学和禅宗美学三家组成的。儒家美学以孔孟为代表，道家美学以老庄为代表，禅宗美学以六祖慧能为代表。

B、就儒家、道家和禅宗三家政治思想而言，在唐代的典型代表是：诗圣杜甫代表儒家思想，诗仙李白代表道家思想，诗佛王维代表禅宗思想。

C、中国文化有很大的包容性，在我国，没有一个宗教能占统治地位，但都能保留下来，世界上三大家教在中国也有分支。

D、中国的文人失意之后往往到道家美学和禅宗美学的精神家园中寻找寄托，由此可见，中国文人可以在艺术里面找到自己的精神家园。

2、下列理解和分析，不符合原文意思的一项是

A、儒家突出一个仁字，仁者爱人就是讲和谐。儒家在中国古代社会是由正统地位的，两千多年封建社会处于主导地位的思想就是儒家思想。

B、虽然杜甫是在儒家为主，李白是以道家为主，王维是以禅宗为主，但并不是说他们身上就没有别的思想。三种美学，在一代文人身上不是截然分开的。

C、道家思想是出世，禅宗思想是循世，在历代知识分子失意的时候，道家和禅宗作为精神的家园给中国历代知识分子提供了唯一的精神空间。

D、奥地利作家茨威格在拿了文学大奖以后和他的妻子一同服毒自尽，既不是经济原因，也不是生病导致的，就是因为他觉得他写下去越找不到精神的家园。

3、根据原文内容，下列理解和分析不正确的一项是

A、儒家美学、道家美学和禅宗美学三者具有相互渗透的特点，儒道互补，庄禅相通就是很好的说明。

B、中国文化有很大的包容性，如青岛崂山上佛教的庙宇和道教的道观可以和平相处，互不侵犯。又如王维身上既在儒家的东西，也有道家的东西。

C、道家和禅宗往往成为历代知识分子失意时的精神家园，如中国画家中的明代四大家扬州八怪等都是寄情于书画，在道禅里尽情的遐想。

D、西方很多知识分子越钻越深，越来越迷茫，缺少研究道禅一样的美学，所以他们功成名就以后都自杀了，如哲学家尼采就是其中之一。

参考答案：

1、B 考查理解文中重要概念的含义，B项中就儒家、道家和禅宗三家政治思想而言一句偷换概念，从原文第二段各列举一位唐代诗人来说明和第一段中国传统美学是由三家组成可看出

2、C 本题考查筛选并整合文中信息，在历代知识分子失意的时候，道家和禅宗作为精神的家国给中国历代知识分子提供了唯一的精神。唯一这一修饰词语，与原文理解有误。

现代诗歌阅读理解试题 篇6

李白

秋歌

长安一片月，万户捣衣声。

秋风吹不尽，总是玉关情。

何日平胡虏，良人罢远征?

冬歌

明朝驿使发，一夜絮征袍。

素手抽针冷，那堪把剪刀。

裁缝寄远道，几日到临洮?

习题一

(1)两首诗表达的思想感情有何异同?(4分)

(2)两首诗写作角度明显不同，请结合诗歌简要赏析。(4分)

参考答案：

(1)(4分)两首诗都写到了女子对远方征夫的深情思念(2分)。《秋歌》还表达了普通百姓对和平生活的向往(或”对统治者穷兵黩武的批判”);《冬歌》则突出了女子担忧征夫受寒，渴望冬衣早日送达的急切心理(2分)。(意思相近即可)

(2)(4分)《秋歌》着眼于大的场景，通过对长安城”万户捣衣”的描写，塑造了思念丈夫的女子群像(2分);《冬歌》着眼于小的画面，通过女子”絮征袍”的具体描写，塑造了牵挂征夫的典型形象(2分)。(意思相近即可，其他角度言之成理亦可)

习题二

(1)、从《秋歌》前四句看，诗歌营造了一种怎样的意境?诗人又是如何营造这种意境的(3分)

(2)两首诗主题相同，但写法有所不同，请结合诗歌加以阐释。(3分)

参考答案

1、(1)孤寂(悲凉、凄凉、凄苦)1分

(2)①情景交融给2分(或融情、景、声、色于一体)②“感觉联通”或化抽象为具体(形象化)1分，要注意“吹”的特殊用法③营造出浑然天成的意境之美1分(回答中要点出诗歌意境的特点)(②③两点答到任意一点即可。)

2.①《秋歌》写景抒情，《冬歌》写人叙事;②《秋歌》中有场景描写，《冬歌》则着力刻画一个生活片断(细节描写);③《秋歌》塑造了长安女子的群像，《冬歌》则着力于个体形象的刻画;

赏析：

《子夜吴歌四首》是唐代诗人李白创作的组诗，又题《子夜四时歌四首》。这四首诗分以四时情景写了四件事。第一首写春景，是说汉乐府中的秦罗敷采桑的故事;第二首写夏景，是说春秋越国西施若耶采莲的故事;第三首写秋景，是说戍妇为征人织布捣衣之事;第四首写冬景，是说戍妇为征夫缝制绵衣之事。作品构思巧妙，层次分明，结体严谨。

第三首诗写征夫之妻秋夜怀思远征边陲的良人，希望早日结束战争，丈夫免于离家去远征。【李白《子夜吴歌》阅读答案及赏析】李白《子夜吴歌》阅读答案及赏析。虽未直写爱情，却字字渗透着真挚情意;虽没有高谈时局，却又不离时局。情调用意，都没有脱离边塞诗的风韵。

阅读理解试题选萃与解析 篇7

(2011年南通三模)

Why can some people sleep through noises like a honking car or flushing toilet, while others are awakened by the lightest sound?

To find the answer, sleep researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital conducted an unusual study of 12 self-described deep sleepers. After tests confirmed that the healthy volunteers were solid sleepers, they took part in a three-night study in the university's sleep laboratory. The participants spent the night in a big and comfortable room. But the room also included four speakers positioned near the top of the bed.

During the night, the deep sleepers were subjected to 14 different recorded sounds, like street traffic, toilets flushing, an ice machine dispensing and an airplane flying overhead. Next door, the researchers monitored their sleep patterns and brain waves.

As expected, all of the participants slept relatively well, but there were differences in how they responded to the noisy interruptions. Some of the sleepers didn't wake up even when a sound was blasted at 70 decibels (分贝) ; others were awakened by sounds at 40 or 50 decibels.

The researchers discovered that the difference in a sleeper's reaction to noise could be predicted by the level of brain activity called “sleep spindles''. A sleep spindle is a burst of high-frequency brain activity coming from deep inside the brain during sleep. The source of the spindles is the thalamus, a part of the brain that sends sensory information to the rest of the cortex (皮层) .

Before the study, the Massachusetts researchers theorized (推理) that the spindles are the brain's way of preventing sensory information from passing through the thalamus and waking the rest of the brain during sleep. They found that the sleepers who experienced the most sleep spindles during the night were also the soundest sleepers and were least likely to be awakened by noise.

Scientists already know that most people become lighter sleepers with age, most likely because older people experience less “slow wave sleep”, which is the deepest stage of sleep. People also produce fewer sleep spindles as they age. But even when controlling for the stage of sleep a person was in, the number of sleep spindles still predicted their risk for awakening because of noise.

More research is needed, but the findings suggest that a better understanding of sleep spindles could lead to new behavioral or drug therapies for people with sleep disorders. For instance, future studies may try to determine whether diet, exercise or other behaviors may influence the number of sleep spindles a person produces during the night.

1. Some participants can sleep well through loud noises mainly because .

A. their brains don't respond to outside noises

B. their brains react differently to noises

C. they adapt to the environment quickly

D. they don't pay attention to the monitors

2. Scientists believe that the key to affecting deep sleep is .

A. sleep spindles B. stages of sleep

C. sleep disorders D. sensory information

3. It can be learned from the passage that .

A. the older a deep sleeper becomes, the lighter his sleep must be

B. the more“slow wave sleep” one experiences, the deeper sleep one has

C. the more frequently a sleeper's brain works, the less information it sends

D. the deeper sleep people have, the more likely they will be awakened by noise

4. From the passage we can predict .

A. more factors in influencing sleep spindles may be discovered

B. more solid sleepers will take part in relative experiments

C. sleep spindles will be applied to changing one's behaviors

D. deep sleepers will probably enjoy a more healthy life

二

(2011年南京二模)

French tourist outsmarts Dutch thief

AMSTERDAM—A quick-thinking French tourist outsmarted a Dutch thief after the thief tried to seize his bag, Amsterdam police said Wednesday.

After winning a brief tug-of-war over the sports bag, the 27-year-old tourist ran into a nearby police station with the thief in hot pursuit.

The thief “realized too late he had run straight into ‘the long arm of the law', ” police spokeswoman Wilma Verheij said of the incident, which took place Tuesday.

After it dawned on the thief, a 28-year-old man whose identity was not released, that he was in the middle of a police station, he tried to run away again. But he was quickly caught by officers and arrested, Verheij said.

Liz Taylor remains hospitalized

LOS ANGELES—Heart trouble is keeping Elizabeth Taylor hospitalized in Los Angeles for some time, but her publicist says the 78-year-old actress is OK and has been visiting with family and friends.

Taylor spokeswoman Sally Morrison said in a statement Tuesday that the two-time Oscar winner is comfortable at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center and “there has been steady improvement in her condition” since she was admitted last week.

Taylor is being treated for symptoms of heart failure, a condition she revealed in November 2004.

“Her medical team is satisfied by her progress to date, and it is hoped and expected that this will continue over the next few days. For now, she will remain under their care in the hospital for continued monitoring, ” Morrison said. “Friends and fans around the world should be convinced that Elizabeth Taylor is in good hands and receiving the best possible care from her skilled and devoted doctors and nurses.”

Morrison described Taylor's condition as stable but offered no other details.

Japan halts (暂停) whale hunt after chase by protesters

TOKYO—Japan has halted its annual Antarctic whale hunt following protests from a campaign group. Activists from the Sea Shepherd Conservation Society, a US-based environmental group, have been chasing the Japanese fishing ship.

Commercial whaling was banned in 1986 but Japan uses a regulation permitting hunting for scientific research.

Iceland and Norway have claimed official objections to the ban and continue to hunt commercially.

“Putting safety as a priority, the ship has halted scientific whaling for now. We are currently considering what to do, ” Tatsuya Nakaoku, an official at the fisheries agency, told Reuters news agency.

The Sea Shepherd Conservation Society says one of its boats has been blocking the ship loading ramp (斜梯) , preventing any hunted whales from being loaded on to the ship. “Every whale saved is a victory to us, so we've gotten a lot of victories down here this year, ” Sea Shepherd captain Paul Watson told Reuters news agency by satellite phone from the Steve Irwin ship.

1. The underlined part “the long arm of the law” refers to in Amsterdam.

A. a travel agency B. a policeman

C. a police station D. a police spokeswoman

2. What can we know about Elizabeth Taylor from the news?

A. She has been suffering from heart illness for some years.

B. She will go back home in a day or two.

C. She is feeling quite well in hospital.

D. She will receive her Oscar Award in the hospital.

3. Which of the following is NOT true?

A. Japanese fishing ships go to the Antarctic for whale hunt every year.

B.Iceland and Norway will not stop hunting whales.

C. Commercial whale hunt has been banned for about twenty-five years.

D. Japan will not hunt whales any more.

三

(2011年南京二模)

“Choo, Choo!” Here comes the Chunnel train. Get aboard if you want to learn more about this underground transportation system. This is an unusual form of transportation, because it is a tunnel that trains travel through and not an actual form of transportation.

The Chunnel is actually the English nickname for the Channel Tunnel. In French, it is called le tunne lsous la Manche. It is a rail tunnel beneath the English Channel at the Straits of Dover. It connects Cheriton in Kent, England with Sangatte in northern France. It is the second longest rail tunnel in the world.

Did you know that the British and the French had a race whi1e they were building the Chunnel? The race was to see who could get to the middle of the tunnel first. The British won by a little bit. It took 15, 000 workers over seven years to dig the tunnel. The tunnel was finished in 1994.

The completed Chunnel cost about $ 21 billion. But it all paid off, because it became very popular, very quick. Millions of people use it. Now it is getting even more popular.

There are three complete tunnels in the Chunnel. The two outside ones are the passenger trains. The small inner one is a guidance train. The guidance train is not used for transportation. Each track is exactly parallel to each other.

There are four different train systems in the Chunnel. The Eurostar is a high speed passenger service that connects London, Paris, Brussels, and Lille. The Eurotunnel shuttle is a rail ferry service. These shuttles carry cars and vans. These are railcars that allow drivers to drive their vehicles on and off. There are also two Eurotunnel goods service trains.

Now you know more about the Chunnel. Everybody off, this is the last stop.

1. The Channel Tunnel, links with .

A. London; Paris B. Cheriton; Sangatte

C. Lille; Brussels D. Dover; Kent

2. Which of the following shows the structure of the tunnels in the Chunnel?

3. The Eurotunnel shuttle is intended to carry .

A. passengers

B. drivers and their vehicles

C. goods

D. staff members of the Chunnel

4. The text can most probably be .

A. found in a guidebook

B. read in a magazine

C. broadcast on a train

D. heard in a railway station

四

(2011年苏锡常镇一模)

While travelling to Newcastle in the UK to visit relatives, I arrived in London to find my plane transfer north to Newcastle had been cancelled due to deteriorating weather conditions.

The airline was helpful—offering me a choice between a night in a hotel or a six-hour bus ride to my destination. With no indication as to whether a flight to Newcastle would happen in the next two days, I chose the bus ride.

I stored all my baggage in the luggage compartment of the bus, thinking I would not need anything on the journey.

The young lady sitting beside me could see how tired I was and asked me if anyone would be meeting me on my arrival.

I realised that I had left my cell phone in my bag and had no way to contact my relatives. They would be waiting for me at the airport about five hours before the bus got to Newcastle, not knowing what had happened. Without hesitation, the young lady offered me the use of her cell phone.

When the bus made a rest stop, she asked me if I was getting out. I replied that I wouldn't as I still had sandals on, and bare feet weren't ideal for the cold weather, When she got back on, she'd bought me some tea and a packet of sweets to eat.

When we eventually arrived in Newcastle, the woman checked that someone was there to meet me. I asked her to wait a moment while I got my purse to repay her, but when I looked up she had gone. I was unable to even verbally thank her.

1. We learn from the passage that .

A. the author had little money to buy the air ticket from London to Newcastle

B. the author probably flew to London from a warm place

C. the author's relatives missed meeting her in London

D. the author's cell phone wasn't functioning in Britain

2. Which of the following information is of great importance to the author's relatives?

A. Why the flight was called off.

B. Why the flight was delayed.

C. Where the author was put up.

D. When the author would arrive.

3. What does the passage mainly tell us?

A. British people always suffer from terrible weather in winter.

B. British people are usually helpful.

C. The author was careless.

D. The author was grateful to the airline.

五

(2011年苏锡常镇一模)

Accurately forecasting the weather is a very hard thing to do. There are many parts of weather dynamics—the study of how water and air in motion cause weather patterns—to consider. Even the best forecast can be changed by a small weather disturbance halfway around the world. Today's forecast use complex computer models, weather instruments, and detailed analyses of daily observations to predict the weather. However, it hasn't always been that way. People, like your grandparents, use folklore and proverbs to help forecast the weather. They remembered what conditions caused changes and observed the factors associated with weather: atmospheric and cloud conditions, temperature, winds, and reactions of plants and animals. Many people believe that this way of forecasting weather is accurate more often than modem forecasting.

Grandma's aching joints might indicate the arrival of a low-pressure system. She might also observe the geese flying lower than usual, confirming the low-pressure system. Finally, she might feel dampness on her skin, a sign of high humidity (湿度) . Based on these three observations, grandma might warn that a storm is brewing.

Joints and nerves can indicate dropping air pressure. Dissolved gases in the blood form bubbles under low air pressure. This causes pain in joints and nerve endings. Geese and other birds respond to changes in air pressure by adjusting how high they fly. In the fair, calm weather of a high-pressure system, the birds fly higher than in the stormy weather associated with a low-pressure system.

Nature provides other clues to changing weather. A decrease in air pressure causes deer and elk to come down from the mountains to look for shelter. Some animals feed more than usual. The higher humidity before a storm causes some insects to leave the trees and gather near the ground. Some flowers close so rain doesn't get inside them. In winter, rhododendron plants curl up to protect themselves as the temperature drops.

Several of the sayings apply in particular areas of the world. Here are some of them.

■Early thunder, early spring.

■Rainbow in the morning gives you fair warning.

■When teeth and bones and bunions ache, expect the clouds to fill the lake.

■When high clouds and low clouds do not match together, prepare for a blow and a change in the weather.

1. It is true that .

A. using folklore and proverbs to forecast weather is more accurate than modern forecasting

B. complex computer models and weather instruments can always forecast weather accurately

C. modern forecasting cannot always guarantee accurate weather forecasting for some reason

D. modern forecasting along with other observations is sure to give accurate weather forecast

2. In a low-pressure system, you may notice the following EXCEPT that .

A. some birds will be seen flying near the surface of the earth

B. some flowers close so rain doesn't get inside

C. some animals come down from mountains

D. some insects disappear from ground

3. It is a fact that the behaviour of plants and animals is .

A. likely to reflect long-term weather forecasting

B. likely to reflect short-term weather forecasting

C. unlikely to reflect any kind of weather forecasting

D. more likely to reflect both short-term and long-term weather forecasting

4. What does the passage mainly tell us?

A. People can forecast weather with no modern equipment.

B. How to use proverbs to forecast weather forecasting.

C. Hard as it is, weather forecasting has a scientific base.

D. The importance of weather forecasting.

六

(2011年南通二模)

“People should have one meat-free day a week if they want to make a personal and effective sacrifice that would help deal with climate change, ” the world's leading authority on global warming has told The Observer.

Dr Rajendra Pachauri, chair of the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, said that people should then go on to reduce their meat consumption even further.

Pachauri, who was re-elected the panel's chairman for a second six-year term last week, said diet change was important because of the huge greenhouse gas emissions (排放) and other environmental problems associated with raising cattle and other animals. “It was relatively easy to change eating habits compared to changing means of transport, ” he said.

The UN's Food and Agriculture Organisation has estimated that meat production accounts for nearly a fifth of global greenhouse gas emissions. These are produced during the production. For example, ruminants (反刍动物) , particularly cows, give off a gas called methane, which is 23 times more effective as a global warming agent than CO2.

Pachauri can expect some opposite responses from the food industry to his advice, though last night he was given unexpected support by Masterchef presenter and restaurateur John Torode. “I have a little bit and enjoy it, ” said Torode. “Too much for any person is bad. But there's a bigger issue here: where the meat comes from. If we all bought British and stopped buying imported food, we'd save a huge amount of carbon emissions.”

Professor Robert Watson, the chief scientific adviser for the Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs, said government could help educate people about the benefits of eating less meat, but it should not regulate. “Eating less meat would help, there's no question about that, ” Watson said.

However, Chris Lamb, head of marketing for pig industry group BPEX, said the meat industry had been unfairly targeted and was working hard to find out which activities had the biggest environmental impact and reduce them. “Some ideas were contradictory, ” he said. “For example, one solution to emissions from cattle and other animals was to keep them indoors, but this would damage animal welfare. Climate change is a very young science and our view is there are a lot of simple solutions being proposed.”

1. What is directly related to global warming?

A. Consumption of meat.

B. Growth of cattle.

C. Methane from ruminants.

D. Processing of meat.

2. Who holds a view opposite to the others' in the passage?

A. Rajendra Pachauri. B. John Torode.

C. Robert Watson. D. Chris Lamb.

3. It is implied in the passage that .

A. we should try to keep away from cattle

B. ruminants should not be left outdoors

C. the meat industry will soon close down

D. we must do our duty to save the earth

4. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?

A. Less meat, slower global warming

B. More animals, more greenhouse gas

C. Less imported food, better our environment

D. Greater diet change, smaller climate change

七

(2011年南通一模)

Food Cures

Our Price: $31.96 & this item ships for FREE with Super Saver Shipping.

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Description:

Did you know that fish oil is emerging as a real treatment for depression? That coffee and cinnamon can actually lower blood sugar in people with diabetes? Here you'll find detailed food prescriptions, based on the latest research, for more than 57 common health problems, including colds, hay fever, memory loss and so on. Plus dozens of practical suggestions for getting more of the foods that can help prevent disease, and simple recipes for immune-boosting smoothies, healing teas, and more.

Product Details:

Hardcover: 352 pages

Publisher: Reader's Digest Association

Publication Date: 2007-09

ISBN: 0762107308

※ ※ ※

Average Customer Rating: based on 3 reviews

Average Customer Review:

★★★★★Exactly As Described Feb 15, 2010

Product arrived quickly. The description said there was a tear on the cover of the book. I was pleased that it was just a small tear and otherwise the book was in very good condition. This seller was honest and did not try to overplay the condition in order to make a sale.

★★★★Some good information Feb 06, 2010

This book does have some good information, but it does not talk at all about eating organic food, grass fed beef, free-range eggs, etc. The poisonous pesticides (杀虫剂) and artificial hormones (激素) in our society have a huge effect on our health and some illnesses probably wouldn't even exist if it weren't for them.

★★★★★Fantastic Aug 05, 2009

This book is perfect for any questions you have about using food to help your body. We all know chicken soup helps colds, but did you know? This book will tell you exactly what's special about each food and what part of the body or disease it helps.Combat any health problems you have with this common sense food guide.

1. Who is the advertisement mainly intended for?

A. People who learn to treat patients.

B. People who publish books on health.

C. People who cook food for certain patients.

D. People who try to improve their health.

2. Which of the following statements about the book is WRONG?

A. It contains information about specific foods.

B. It has been poorly evaluated by its readers.

C. It is useful for people with diabetes.

D. It was published in September, 2007.

3. The underlined word “combat” in the last paragraph probably means “”.

A. discuss B. identify

C. fight D. present

八

(2011年南通二模)

Hotel Icaria Barcelona

Hotel Location

Hotel Icaria Barcelona is 330 yards from Barcelona's Nova Icaria Beach. It is located in the Olympic Port area, a 10-minute walk from Ciutadella Park and Barcelona Zoo. Ciutadella Metro Station is half a mile away, and is just 2 stops from Barcelona Cathedral (大教堂) and the historic Gothic Quarter.

Hotel Facilities

Hotel Policies

These are general hotel policies for Hotel Icaria Barcelona. As they may vary per room type, please also check the room description.

Terms & Conditions

Your reservation is absolutely secure. All personal data is encrypted and will only be used to process your booking. For more information, read our PRIVACY STATEMENT. Booking.com will not charge you any reservation fees for making this booking.

1. Hotel Icaria Barcelona allows you easy access to the following EXCEPT .

A. the stadiums where you can have sports

B. the seaside where you can relax yourself

C. the places where you can take trains or buses

D. the building where you can attend a religious service

2. The underlined word “encrypted” in the last section probably means “”.

A. analysed B. stored

C. collected D. protected

3. It can be inferred from the advertisement that .

A. smoking is completely forbidden in the hotel

B. every room follows the same hotel policies

C. policies may be in your favor if you book 6 rooms

D. an extra bed can be provided for you free of charge

九

(2011年南京二模)

Once many years ago, I pulled a family out of a burning car somewhere in Wyoming. Last week I received a telephone call from a woman who could not stop crying as she told me that one of my stories had saved her son from committing suicide. In closing she called me a hero.

That got me thinking about what a hero is. Was I a hero because I pulled a family from a burning car? If so, how could I be a hero just because I wrote a story that saved someone's life?

Today I decided to look up the word “hero” in the dictionary to see exactly what it meant. It read “a person who does something brave”. As I read on, it also said “a person who is good and noble.”

That statement impressed me more than the part about being brave. So I thought about something very important. Say I was walking into the local Wal-Mart Store and I happened to open, and hold the door for someone as a courtesy. As they passed me by, I say, “How are you today?” Most of the time that would be no big deal, but this time let's say it was for someone who was deeply depressed and near the end of the rope. That may have very well been the only kindness or courtesy shown to them in a very long time.

Having been near “the end of my rope”, after my marriage of twenty years ended, I was in such a condition. I was within hours trying to get up enough courage to end the pain and misery. When I returned home, someone had sent me a card in the mail which told me how much they would appreciate me as a friend. That wonderful card probably saved my life. That person, without even knowing it, saved a life and became a hero.

The many stories I kept writing in the following years saved the life of a teenage boy. In turn that makes the person who sent me the card a double hero. I suppose that is why I fight so hard to help the children now living in orphanages (孤儿院) . Most children come out of these institutions with a very hard and bitter attitude against the world. The gifts we send them let them know that they have not been forgotten. Hopefully, most of them will never hurt anyone because of the kindness shown to them by those of us who cared. If it works, we will also become “heroes”.

Gee, who would have ever thought that anyone can become a hero, and possibly save a life, just by being kind and courteous to others? The best part of all is that becoming a hero is free to all who wish to wear such an honor.

1. Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?

A. Why Should You Be A Hero?

B. What Exactly Is A Hero?

C. I Am A Hero

D. Everyone Is A Hero

2. The underlined word “courtesy” in Paragraph 4 means the behavior that is .

A. both polite and respectful

B. both brave and fearless

C. both thoughtful and considerate

D. both cute and kind

3. The underlined word “it” in the last sentence of Paragraph 5 refers to .

A. the wonderful card the writer received

B. the action of sending the card

C. the fact that the sender saved the writer

D. the fact that the sender was a true friend

4. According to this passage, which of the following can be considered as the behavior of a hero?

A. Holding a door open for someone.

B. Sending someone a wonderful card.

C. Keeping writing many stories for children.

D. Being kind to someone who has a hard time.

参考答案与解析:

一

【短文大意】本文介绍了睡眠中的人对于噪音的不同反应, 以及从一些科学研究中得出的结论, 在文章的结尾处指出还需要做进一步的研究。

1. B 推理判断题。结合第四、五段可知, 不同人的大脑对于噪音的感应程度不同, 因此有不同的反应, 故选择B。

2. A 细节理解题。结合第五段可知, 影响睡眠的关键是睡眠纺锤波 (sleep spindles) 的反应程度, 故选择A。

3. B 细节理解题。结合第七段可知, 一个人经历的慢波睡眠越多, 他就会睡得越沉, 故选择B。

4. A 推理判断题。结合文章的最后一段可知, 科学家会发现更多的影响睡眠的因素, 如饮食、锻炼等, 故选择A。

二

【短文大意】本文是三则新闻报道。第一则, 法国游客智胜荷兰小偷。第二则, 伊丽莎白·泰勒继续住院治疗。第三则, 在受到抗议者追逐之后, 日本暂停捕鲸。

1. C 推理判断题。根据第三段可知, 他直接跑进法律管辖之中, 可以排除B、D两项。另外根据上文所提及内容, 小偷是跟着这个游客跑进了警察局, 故选C。

2. A 细节理解题。泰勒因为有心脏病的症状而接受治疗, 这种情况在2004年的11月份就发现了。由此可见泰勒心脏有问题已经有好几年了, 故选A。

3. D 推理判断题。根据新闻标题可知, 在被抗议者追逐之后, 日本将暂停捕鲸活动, 暂停不等于停止, 因此Japan will not hunt whales any more.为错误选项。

三

【短文大意】本文详细介绍了英吉利海峡隧道, 包括它的修建、隧道火车运行等情况。

1. B 细节理解题。根据文章第二段倒数第二句可知选B。

2. A 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段可知, 隧道里有三个完整的通道, 两个外部的是客车通道, 里边一个小的是引导车的通道, 它们彼此平行, 故选A。

3. B 细节理解题。由倒数第二段第三句及后几句可知, The Eurotunnel是提供摆渡服务的, 即运车辆的, 有车厢允许司机开着他们自己的车上下。由此可见, The Eurotunnel主要用来运送司机和他们自己的车辆。

4. C 推理判断题。纵观全文, 尤其是文章的最后一句可知这是火车上所广播的一篇文章, 故选C。

四

【短文大意】本文记叙了作者的一次旅行经历。由于天气原因, 作者改乘汽车, 一路上受到一位女士的帮助, 使作者顺利地到达了目的地。最后等到作者要感谢她时, 她已经离开了。

1. B 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第二句可知, 作者当时穿着一双凉鞋, 因此推断作者来自温暖的地方。

2. D 推理判断题。根据第五段第二句可知, 如果作者不告诉亲戚他到达的时间, 他们会等上约五个小时而且不知道发生了什么事, 所以他到达的时间最重要。

3. B 主旨大意题。本文讲述的是在一位英国女士的帮助下, 作者顺利到达目的地的事情, 从而告诉读者英国人乐于助人, 故选B。

五

【短文大意】本文介绍了人们利用民间传说和谚语预报天气, 并且分析了这类方法预报天气的原理。

1. C 细节理解题。第一段讲到预报天气是一件困难的事, 并且由第三句可知最好的预报也可能受到小小的干扰而改变, 所以即便是现代化的预报手段也不能确保一定准确。

2. D 细节理解题。根据第四段第四句可知, D项的说法是错误的, 故选D。

3. B 推理判断题。由第二、三、四段的内容可知, 一般是在低气压或下雨天气来临的时间, 人们能感受或观察到动植物的变化, 所以动植物主要反映的是短期的天气预报。

4. C 主旨大意题。文章介绍了人们根据民俗和谚语预报天气, 并且给出了这些预报方法背后蕴含的科学道理, 所以可以看出, 虽然预报天气很难, 但是还是有科学依据可以遵循的。

六

【短文大意】有关全球变暖的主要权威机构建议人们一周中应该有一天不吃肉, 以此来帮助应对气候的变化。养牛和其他动物被认为造成了大量的温室气体排放, 并引起了其他的环境问题。

1. C 细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知, methane (甲烷) 比CO2 (二氧化碳) 对全球变暖的影响要大得多, 故选C。

2. D 推理判断题。根据最后一段, 尤其是第一句可推断, Chris Lamb并不赞成这种提议。

3. D 推理判断题。建议人们少吃肉是为了缓解全球气候变化, 这是人们可以通过自我牺牲 (make a personal and effective sacrifice) 来实现的。

4. A 主旨大意题。文章的主要内容是建议人们一周中应该有一天不吃肉, 以此来帮助应对气候的变化, 也就是“少吃肉, 减缓全球变暖”。

七

【短文大意】本文是为一本食疗书做的一则广告, 介绍了这本书的一些详细情况以及读者对这本书的一些评价。

1. D 细节理解题。这则广告是关于一本食疗书的, 书的内容是告诉读者如何利用恰当的食物来改善健康, 因此它是针对想要改善健康的人, 故选D。

2. B 细节理解题。文章的后半部分列举了三位读者对这本书的评价, 读者对这本书的评价非常高, 因此B项说读者对这本书的评价很差很明显是错误的。

3.C 词义猜测题。这本书的主要内容就是如何利用食疗来改善健康, 改善健康就是与健康问题作斗争, 因此combat有“与……作斗争”的含义, 与fight意义接近。

八

【短文大意】本文属于应用文, 是Hotel Icaria Barcelona的住店指南。

1. A 细节理解题。由第一部分Hotel Location可知, 宾馆离海滩 (Nova Icaria Beach) 、地铁站 (Ciutadella Metro Station) 和教堂 (Barcelona Cathedral) 都很近, 而未提及体育馆, 故选A。

2. D 词义猜测题。根据前面一句Your reservation is absolutely secure.可知, 预订房间是安全的, 所有的个人资料受到保护 (encrypted) , 并且只在预订时使用。

3. C 推理判断题。根据Groups一栏可知, 预订5间以上的房间可以有不同的规定和额外的补充, 故选C。

九

【短文大意】本文作者通过讲述自身的实例告诉读者什么是英雄, 英雄不一定要做轰轰烈烈的大事, 而是做一些小事, 比如对处于困难中的人友好是一种英雄的行为。

1. B 主旨大意题。

本文作者通过自身的事迹诠释了英雄的概念。什么是英雄是本文的中心, 故选B。

2. A 词义猜测题。

根据前文提及的情景open, and hold the door for someone (为他人开门并拉住门) , 这种举动是出于对对方的一种礼貌和尊重, 故选A。

3. C 词义猜测题。

文中提出那个人给我送了张卡片, 就是那张卡片打消了我自杀的念头, 而送卡片的人对此并不知道, 因此it指的是那张卡片挽救了我的生命, 故选C。

4. D 细节理解题。

根据文章倒数第二段, 作者坚持给孤儿院的孩子写故事, 并用善良来感动他们, 尤其是根据最后一句可知, 对于处于困难中的人友好也是一种英雄的行为。

现代诗歌阅读理解试题 篇8

关键词： 高考语文 新课改 现代文阅读题 特点 启示

自新课改以来，高中语文现代文阅读就在高考中被分为选考和必考两个考试部分，就体裁而言，高考语文现代文阅读题更加多样化，且打破了文学作品占主导地位的传统高考格局；其内容更加具有人文色彩，着重考查学生的综合语文素养。

一、新课改背景下高考语文现代文阅读试题的特点

1.素材具有文化性。

相关统计表明，新课改背景下高考语文现代文阅读素材多为文化材料，尤其是关于文化艺术现象讨论的，所占比例在70%左右。新课改指出，高中语文是组成人类文化的一部分，新课改背景下高考语文现代文阅读素材多为文化材料，充分体现了语文这门学科的深刻内涵和性质。

2.赋分具有稳定性。

目前，在新课改的推动下，全国高考语文考卷不断增加语文现代文阅读题的分值，且新课改指出，一定要充分发挥高中语文提高学生科学文化素质、语文素养、思想道德素质、语文应用能力、探究能力和审美能力的作用，学习现代文阅读能充分体现高中语文的这一功能。此外，不断增加语文现代文阅读题的分值，不仅体现了高考语文中现代文阅读的重要性，还体现了高考在新课改背景下更加重视考查学生的语文能力与素养。

3.考题具有选择性。

近几年，高考试卷中逐渐出现了选考题，这体现了新课改的全新理念。将高中语文分为选修课程和必修课程，充分反映了新课改下高中语文的自主性和选择性。选考题在高考语文现代文阅读题中的出现，不仅能促使学生自主选择，还利于选拔人才。不仅如此，还彻底落实了语文学科的设置模式，从而实现了选择性与基础性、灵活性与统一性相结合的语文课程设置。

4.体裁具有多样性。

现阶段，高考语文现代文阅读选考题的选材体裁具有明显的多样化及丰富性的特点，这就打破了文学作品占主导地位的传统高考格局。高考语文中出现现代文阅读题，能更好地指导教师教学和学生阅读，考题中的多样性文体，也能鼓励学生多样化阅读，这就充分体现了文化的多样性发展。多样化的阅读体裁支撑着多方面的考题选择。

二、新课改背景下高考语文现代文阅读试题给予的启示

1.合理运用语文教材。

高中语文教学中，教师不仅要深入研究考试大纲，还要结合课程标准，合理运用语文教材，并不断更新、改变教材使用观。一般来讲，高中语文课文都是时代精神和文化内涵丰富且文质兼美的文章，因而学生阅读可将其作为典范。因此，教师一定要学好和教好语文教材。有关统计表明，我国彻底落实新课改政策的省区，基本上都在高考语文现代文阅读题中出现了选考题和必考题，且涉及了多种文体，但这些文体都在选修和必修高中语文教材中得到了体现，我们不能仅局限于教材的学习，而应通过教材，不断拓宽语文学习空间。高中语文教师应灵活运用教材，通过相关研究，不断整合选修和必修课本内容，并探索实施新课程的光明道路，促使教学高效和有效进行，使学生真正学会阅读。由于高考考查内容并非教材原文，学生还要具备阅读能力。这就要求教师应合理运用教材，科学安排选修课和必修课内容，强化内外整合，从而使学生的阅读得到更好的引导。

2.加强字词训练，扎实掌握基础。

积累字词是语文现代文阅读的基础，训练和夯实基础知识显得尤为重要。例如，2009年湖南该考语文卷的第16题，让学生写出俨然一词的含义，并标明含有俨然的句子在全文中的主要作用。针对新高考卷中的这类题型，学生就需重视平时训练与积累字词，以便真正理解汉字含义，从而做到举一反三。不仅如此，学生还要具备根据文章语境，正确推断字词含义的能力，从而有效提高领悟能力。

3.在课堂教学中融入探究性学习。

近年来，高考语文现代文阅读题考查的内容越来越广泛，并对考生提出了更高的要求。探究性阅读自新高考伊始，基本上出现在了每份试卷中，且分值相对较高，一般都会占据6-8分。我们认为，有效解决这一难题的方法就是在课堂教学中融入探究性学习，并在日常阅读中培养探究精神和良好的习惯。新课改指出，我们应大力提倡合作探究和自主学习，实现这一新理念的有效渠道就是课堂。例如，学习《记念刘和珍君》这篇文章时，为引导学生着重关注思考空间大、层次和立意丰富的关键语句，教师可通过学生讨论的方式，组织学生多角度学习，促使学生学会探究性学习与思考。由于语文具有较强的实践性，应高度重视学生实践能力的培养，这就要求教师不断帮助和引导学生，培养其探究精神，从而使学生在课堂内外自主探究与学习，提出并解决各种新问题。

三、结语

新课改背景下，语文现代文阅读题已成为高考的重中之重。上面主要从素材、赋分、考题及体裁四个方面，具体分析了高考语文现代文阅读题在新课改背景下的一些特色，以此为基础，论述了从新课改背景下高考语文现代文阅读试题中得到的启示。

参考文献：

[1]陈寿江.高中语文教学面对高考的应然和所以然[J].教学与管理，2009（28）.