高考以家为话题的高考作文

高考以家为话题的高考作文（精选6篇）

高考以家为话题的高考作文 篇1

以家为话题的作文-以家为话题的作

文

【以家为话题的作文篇一】

“哇!好香啊!”一放学回家，看到香气四溢的美味菜肴，我一整天紧绷的情绪，在这个时候得到最大的放松。

满桌丰盛的食物，就好像在对我招手：“你饿了吗?快点把我吃下去吧!”这时，拿起爸妈的爱心鸡腿，一口啃咬下去，香脆的外皮，满口的肉汁，我真是一个好幸福的女孩呀!

餐桌上最美味的一道菜是什么?让我告诉你，是“家”的味道，全家人围在餐桌上吃饭，不管什么都好吃，因为那是幸福的美味哦!

【以家为话题的作文篇二】

俗话说得好：“家有一老，如有一宝;家有二老，不再烦恼。以家为话题的作文”在我眼中，老人不像别人说的固执又容易产生代沟，我觉得在他们身上可以学到很多 的道理，他们身上的皱纹不只是岁月的烙印，还充满着满满的智慧，“不听老人言，吃亏在眼前”有些时候会鲁莽做一件事，结果是自己吃大亏而感到懊恼不已，真 的长辈们都有事先提醒，且最后安慰我们的也是他们，对于他们的感谢真是一言难尽，对于他们的爱和付出更应该用行动来报答，陪伴与关心，希望这个责任由我来负担，成为他们身边的永远心理支柱。

【以家为话题的作文篇三】

你知道我家最特殊的有什么吗?我家虽然没有火炉，却有温暖，“没有火炉，却很，很温暖”的家比&ldqu

【以家为话题的作文篇一】

“哇!好香啊!”一放学回家，看到香气四溢的美味菜肴，我一整天紧绷的情

绪，在这个时候得到最大的放松。

满桌丰盛的食物，就好像在对我招手：“你饿了吗?快点把我吃下去吧!”这时，拿起爸妈的爱心鸡腿，一口啃咬下去，香脆的外皮，满口的肉汁，我真是一个好幸福的女孩呀!

餐桌上最美味的一道菜是什么?让我告诉你，是“家”的味道，全家人围在餐桌上吃饭，不管什么都好吃，因为那是幸福的美味哦!

【以家为话题的作文篇二】

俗话说得好：“家有一老，如有一宝;家有二老，不再烦恼。以家为话题的作文”在我眼中，老人不像别人说的固执又容易产生代沟，我觉得在他们身上可以学到很多 的道理，他们身上的皱纹不只是岁月的烙印，还充满着满满的智慧，“不听老人言，吃亏在眼前”有些时候会鲁莽做一件事，结果是自己吃大亏而感到懊恼不已，真 的长辈们都有事先提醒，且最后安慰我们的也是他们，对于他们的感谢真是一言难尽，对于他们的

爱和付出更应该用行动来报答，陪伴与关心，希望这个责任由我来负担，成为他们身边的永远心理支柱。

【以家为话题的作文篇三】

你知道我家最特殊的有什么吗?我家虽然没有火炉，却有温暖，“没有火炉，却很，很温暖”的家比“有火炉，却不温暖的家”还要棒一百倍了。

温暖看不到，但可以用“心”深深的感觉到，这个宝贝不一定每家都有，能够拥有温暖，我觉得自己好幸福。

温暖用钱买不到，跟时间一样。温暖是一种生活艺术，需要家人一起培养，需要一家人一起努力维持，温暖就可以长长久久。

温暖就象是(：关于家乡的作文)我家跟我家的传家宝石一样珍贵，让我们家，特别的不同，特别的幸福，我一点都不想离开温暖，不想离开这个家。

高考以家为话题的高考作文 篇2

长期以来, 高考生命化取向一直是社会关注的热点。高考作文从1999年“假如记忆可以移植”之后的话题设置, 吹响了高考生命化的号角, 于是, 以生命为取向的话题作文开始登上高考的舞台。

二高考作文对生命本质的解读

古今中外的哲学家们一直思考的一个问题就是生命的含义。其实这不只是哲学家的事情, 也是每个有思想的生命个体的权利。对生命解读的深刻与否会影响到人生轨迹的好坏。而作为我国未来发展希望的青少年, 他们的人生态度就显得更为重要, 因为他们的价值取向和人生取向, 将会影响到我国未来社会的主流群体。所以, 对于高考学生来讲, 高考话题作文生命化的取向有其必要性。如2005年高考中的一个话题作文是《位置与价值》。文题的主要角度就在人生与价值上。从生命学的角度上解释, 价值有正价值和负价值, 是一个中性概念, 而人生是有限的, 怎么在有限的生命中创造出更有价值的东西, 就是我们所要探讨的问题。所谓“位置创造价值, 价值决定位置”。因此, 正面的价值可以提高个人的位置;相反, 负面的价值则降低位置。话题作文站在思辨的角度上, 让学生对生命作出阐释。

三高考作文对生命的反思和领悟

最早引起对生命的反思和领悟的高考作文是2002年全国卷中的话题作文《心灵的选择》。因此可以看出这个话题的重心指向心灵, 暗含了对生命的反思。对于心灵来讲, 所有的选择都是在经过自己的思考之后得到的结果。之后, 全国的高考作文话题就开始大举进行对生命的反思和领悟。例如, 2004年的话题作文《遭遇挫折和放大痛苦》以及2011年的江苏高考作文题目为《人和平庸》。这个题目就是让我们思考生命, 领悟生命, 对自己的人生作出一个反思。又如, 2005年的天津高考作文《留给明天》, 这个题目不仅有诗意, 而且“留给”这个词给了我们一种生命的启示, 是一种对生命的仰望和主动, 同时, 也让我们领悟到了生命的厚度。

四高考话题作文话题的生命化取向的相关启示

近年来, 以生命学角度立意的高考作文已成为一种趋势, 从中可隐约地领悟到了生命的含义。

1. 高考话题作文的话题生命化取向对语言课程改革的启示

一个优秀的语文教育工作者, 要将语文逐渐引领到生命和人性的道路上。尤其是在当前我国课程进行整改之后, 语文教育事业更是面临着巨大的挑战。语文教育工作者必须肩负起这个重担, 引导学生写作方向要回归生命, 释放年轻人的自由天性, 让学生自觉主动地去进行创作。同时, 教师在平常教育的过程中, 要鼓励学生写作一些贴近生命真谛的题目, 让学生在学习和写作的过程中, 能够体会到生命的重要及其意义, 让学生能够热爱生命, 珍惜生命, 这才是高考话题作文话题的生命化取向的意义所在。

另外, 教育可以使人的生命回归, 促进了人与人之间思想和灵魂的交流。生命的本质和含义必须要以文化的方式呈现出来, 才能启迪年轻一代对生命的理解。同时, 生命作为教育的特质, 在教学过程中, 教师必须让学生充分认识到生命的真正意义。

2. 高考话题作文的话题生命化取向对语文写作教学的启示

高考话题作文的话题生命化取向让我们意识到, 教师在教习学生写作的同时, 要注意以下原则性问题: (1) 体现其开放性原则。所谓开放性就是要求学生在写作时可以自由地表达自己的思想和情感。学生在自由抒写的基础上, 引起学生对写作的兴趣, 从而进行创新发挥。 (2) 要构成系统性原则。也就是说学生在写作过程中, 思维创作要有系统性, 使得学生的整体思维和专项思维可以相得益彰。教师和学生相结合, 从而形成一个立体性写作系统。 (3) 有针对性原则。有针对性的作文训练可以指导生命个体和生命群体的生命质量的提升。 (4) 体验性原则。所谓体验就是对自己原始生命潜能的激发, 是学生求知欲和创造欲的前提条件, 是对生命的一种自我召唤, 在体验过程中, 可以体现生命价值。

3. 高考话题作文的话题生命化取向对2012年作文命题取向的启示

通过以上的分析和了解可以发现, 在注重学生理性思维的辩解时, 也必须重视教育的成果, 让学生不仅回归生命, 还要回归教学目标。所以, 对于2012年的高考命题倾向要坚持回归生命, 稳中求变, 唤醒人们心中的生命意识, 强调作文题材的“绿色化”, 要注重打破传统的命题形式, 对高考作文在内容、要求以及题材上都做进一步的改革;还要重视材料作文的指导和训练。作文的评价要注重卷面的细节之处, 评卷者要尊重学生自己的个性, 理解学生的多元化立意。

五结束语

总之, 高考话题作文的话题要注重生命哲学的渗透和探究, 要对正处于青春期的学生能够有一个正确的引导, 消除他们心中的困惑, 树立他们正确的人生观和价值观, 这就是高考话题作文的话题生命化取向的重要意义和影响。

参考文献

[1]吕世虎.新课程与教学研究[M].上海:上海教育出版社, 2010[1]吕世虎.新课程与教学研究[M].上海:上海教育出版社, 2010

[2]李泽厚.中国美学史[M].南宁:广西教育出版社, 2011[2]李泽厚.中国美学史[M].南宁:广西教育出版社, 2011

以家为话题作文 篇3

我有一个爱念紧箍咒的“虎妈”。早晨，刚一起床妈妈便在我耳边唠叨着“快点穿衣服，穿完衣服去刷牙，洗脸后再去吃早餐，吃完早餐再去上学……”上学的路上又在念：“在学校要好好学习，认真听课，积极回答问题……”放学回家后，妈妈还是不肯放过我：“回来啦!快点做作业，做完作业就给我检查，然后呢去做黄冈练习册，做完后在去看书，读英语……”每当遇到这种时候，我总是垂头丧气地说：“唉，好啦，我知道了。”虽然我不喜欢妈妈这样，但是我知道她是关心我，不然我也不能取得现在的成绩。

我还有个贪吃的“猪爸”。有时候，我在吃零食，中途，我要是去上个厕所，回来的时候，眼前的情景常常让我目瞪口呆。常常看到我刚拆开的零食，一眨眼，连渣都不剩!我看到坐在一旁的惬意的老爸，就会问：“老爸是不是你吃了我的零食?”老爸用手背擦擦嘴，吞吞吐吐地说：“什么零食?我，我不知道啊!我可没有吃。”“好啊!张开嘴!”我一边说着，一边掰开他的嘴。老爸一张开嘴，只闻到他满嘴的零食气味，甚至还能看到一些残渣。可他却总是哈哈一笑，随口说道：“我下次帮你买更多……”唉!摊上这么一个贪吃的老爸，也算是我的福气!

以家为话题作文 篇4

家充满了无限的母爱。母亲每天早上四五点钟起来，为我做早餐。就这样日复一日，年复一年，从不改变。每天都能看见母亲勤劳的为我付出，自从上了初中后，每天母亲都是最早起来，最晚睡觉的。每天晚上都能隐隐约约的见到，妈妈为我关灯的身影。总是能看见母亲的安排总是满满的。母亲总会把任何的一件小事或大事都不会放过，都处理得很好，在家里，母亲是不可缺少的重要成员。母亲是迷航的灯塔，指引着前进的方向;母亲是冬日的阳光，温暖着赤子的心灵;母亲是尽职的卫士，保护着幼小的生命;母亲是春天的细雨，滋润着干涸的土地;母亲是秋天的金黄，展现着丰收的喜悦。

有一种爱，是在家中表现出来的，这就是家人的问候与关心，虽然只是几句的叮嘱与祝福，但它包含了一种深情。虽然母亲平时会有些唠叨，但我能看出母亲反复的唠叨，不是再说我，而是一遍又一遍的在提醒我，有时母亲的老到时再告诉我，希望能让我独立成长。

有一段话是用来形容母爱的：有一种爱，它可以让你索取，却不要你任何回报，有一种人，她永远站在你心中，你愿意用一生去爱她。在家里是自由自在地，从不受任何的拘束，家可以使我变成最放松的状态，在家里我与家人间可以随意的聊天。在家里什么都是最好的，家里的饭是最热最香的，家里的床是最舒服的，灯是最亮的。

以家为话题的初二作文 篇5

人们是那么友好、善良;物品是那么自然、环保;交通是那么方便、快捷;环境是那么优美、迷人;生活是那么和谐、美妙……再辛苦的人也会忘记劳累，心情不好的小朋友也会笑逐颜开。美好家园就是这样，魅力、生态、和谐、友善。这里，没有邪恶，更没有犯罪;没有乱砍滥伐，更没有污染。

在这里，没有监狱，到处都像花园。在这里，人人都是平等，物物都和谐。全世界都会呈现出一派欣欣向荣的景象。大人在工作，孩子在玩耍，柳树在抽枝，小草在发芽，玫瑰在绽放，百灵在鸣唱。大家的生活都像浸泡在蜜汁里一样甜蜜。这里没有塑料袋、一次性纸杯、筷子、餐盒。这儿还有感恩节、植树节等节日。人们谦让了，道路顺畅了，车祸避免了，人们生活在安全中。由于家园的美好、社会的和谐，发病率大大减少，人均寿命在90岁以上。另外，人们还把沙漠变成绿洲，这时，金字塔已矗立在丛林之中了!

高考以家为话题的高考作文 篇6

1. 热点话题探究

教育部制订并颁布的《英语课程标准》明确规定“英语教材应渗透思想品德教育, 应有利于学生形成正确的人生观、世界观和价值观”。从近几年高考英语阅读题来看, 带有明显价值取向引导类的文章, 尤其是以公益、爱心、慈善为话题的文章在高考阅读中的数量逐年增多。可见以此为素材考查考生阅读理解能力已经成为高考设题的趋势。

2. 解题方法指导

关于公益、爱心、慈善的阅读理解往往体现在人生经历类阅读文章中。这类文章以时间的先后或事件的发展为主线, 脉络清楚, 可读性较强。命题往往从故事情节、人物或事件之间的关系、作者态度及意图、故事前因和后果的推测等方面着手, 考查学生对细节的辨认能力以及推理判断能力。因此, 考生阅读这类文章应该抓住时间线索来获取有关信息, 即主人公在某个时间做过什么, 然后通过分析推理、综合归纳的方法进行解题。

推理判断题属于主观题, 是较高层次的题目, 它包括判断和推理题。常见的推理判断题的设问方式有:

(1) 推测作者的写作目的或意图的设题形式:

(1) The purpose in writing this text is to___________.

(2) The author writes this passage to___________.

(3) The author in this passage intends to___________.

(2) 推测文章观点或结论的设题形式:

(1) It can be inferred from the passage that___________.

(2) What conclusion can be drawn from thepassage?

(3) From the passage we can conclude that___________.

(3) 推断文章出处的设题形式:

(1) The passage is most likely to be taken from___________.

(2) Where would this passage most probably appear?

(3) The passage is most likely a part of___________.

(4) 是非判断题的设题方式:

(1) Which of the following is (not) true/false?

(2) All of the following statements are wrong except___________.

(3) All of the following statements are right/true except___________.

(4) Which of the following is not mentioned inthe passage/text?

(5) 逻辑排序题的设题方式:

(1) Which of the following describes one'slogic in doing something?

(2) Which of the following shows the correct order of what happened to?

(3) Choose the right order of the following events in...

3. 真题例析

2013年广东卷D篇

While Jennifer was at home taking an online exam for her business law class, a monitor (监控器) a few hundred miles away was watching her every move.

Using a web camera equipped in Jennifer's Los Angeles apartment, the monitor in Phoenix tracked how frequently her eyes moved from the computer screen and listened for the secret sounds of a possible helper in the room.Her Internet access was locked—remotely—to prevent Internet searches, and her typing style was analyzed to make sure she was who she said she was:Did she enter her student number at the same speed as she had in the past?Or was she slowing down?In the battle against cheating, this is the cutting edge and a key to encourage honesty in the booming field of online education.The technology gives trust to the entire system, to the institution and to online education in general.Only with solid measures against cheating, experts say, can Internet universities show that their exams and diplomas are valid—that students haven't just searched the Internet to get the right answers.

Although online classes have existed for more than a decade, the concern over cheating has become sharper in the last year with the growth of“open online courses.”Private colleges, public universities and corporations are jumping into the online education field, spending millions of dollars to attract potential students, while also taking steps to help guarantee honesty at a distance.

Aside from the web cameras, a number of other high-tech methods are becoming increasingly popular.Among them are programs that check students'identities using personal information, such as the telephone numbers they once used.

Other programs can produce unique exams by drawing on a large list of questions and can recognize possible cheaters by analyzing whether difficult test question are answered at the same speed as easy ones.As in many university classes, term papers are scanned against some large Internet data banks for cheating.

41.Why was Jennifer watched in an online exam?

A.To correct her typing mistakes.

B.To find her secrets in the room.

C.To prevent her from slowing down.

D.To keep her from dishonest behaviors.

42.The underlined expression cutting edge in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to___________.

A.advanced technique

B.sharpening tool

C.effective rule

D.dividing line

43.For internet universities, exams and diplomas will be valid if___________.

A.they can attract potential students

B.they can defeat academic cheating

C.they offer students online help

D.they offer many online courses

44.Some programs can find out possible cheaters by___________.

A.checking the question answering speed

B.producing a large number of questions

C.scanning the Internet test questions

D.giving difficult test questions

45.Which of the following is the best title of this passage?

A.The Advantages of Online Exams

B.The High-tech Methods in Online Courses

C.The Fight against Cheating in Online Education

D.The War against the Booming of Online Education

【答案与解析】

41.D。细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句“and her typing style was analyzed to make sure she was who she said she was”得知监控Jennifer的原因是为了确保她不作弊。

42.A。猜词题。根据a key to encourage以及下一句中的The technology可以知道答案。Cutting和key是并列关系, 前面this所指代的为上文中提到的防作弊科学技术, 由此得知Cutting edge应该为advanced technique。

43.B。细节理解题。根据第三段中的Only with solid measures against cheating, experts say, can Internet universities show that their exams and diplomas are valid—that students haven't justsearched the Internet to get the right answers.可以得出答案。

44.A。细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句可得知正确项为A。

45.C。主旨大意题。文章主题句位于第三段第一句In the battle against cheating, this is the cutting edge and a key to encourage honesty in the booming field of online education.可得知本文主要讨论网络课程的防作弊问题。

4. 素材训练

When 19-year-old Sophia Giorgi said she was thinking of volunteering to help the Make-A-Wish Foundation (基金会) , nobody understood what she was talking about.But Sophia knew just how important Make-A-Wish could be because this special organization had helped to make a dream come true for one of her best friends.We were interested in finding out more, so we went along to meet Sophia listen to what she had to say.

Sophia told us that Make–A–Wish is a worldwide organization that started in the United States in 1980.“It's a charity (慈善机构) that helps children who have got very serious illnesses.Make-A-Wish helps children feel happy even though they are sick, by making their wishes and dreams come true, ”Sophia explained.

We asked Sophia how Make-A-Wish had first started.She said it had all begun with a very sick young boy called Chris, who had been dreaming for a long time of becoming a policeman.Sophia said lots of people had wanted to find a way to make Chris's dream come true—so, with everybody's help, Chris, only seven years old a the time, had been a“policeman”for a day.“When people saw how delighted Chris was when his dream came true, they decided to try and help other sick children too, and that was the beginning of Make-A-Wish, ”explained Sophia.

Sophia also told us the Foundation tries to give children and their families a special, happy time.A Make-A-Wish volunteer visits the families and asks the children what they would wish for if they could have anything in the world.Sophia said the volunteers were important because they were the ones who helped to make the wishes come true.They do this either by providing things that are necessary, or by raising money or helping out in whatever way they can.

1.Sophia found out about Make-A-Wish because her best friend had___________.

A.benefited from it

B.volunteered to help it

C.dreamed about it

D.told the author about it

2.According to Sophia, Make-A-Wish___________.

A.is an international charity

B.was understood by nobody at first

C.raises money for very poor families

D.started by drawing the interest of the public

3.What is said about Chris in Paragraph 3?

A.He has been a policeman since he was seven.

B.He gave people the idea of starting Make-A-Wish.

C.He wanted people to help make his dream come true.

D.He was the first child Make-A-Wish helped after it had been set up.

4.Which of the following is true about Make-A-Wish volunteers?

A.They are important for making wishes come true.

B.They try to help children get over their illnesses.

C.They visit sick children to make them feel special.

D.They provide what is necessary to make Make-A-Wish popular.

【答案与解析】

1.A。推理判断题。由关键词her best friend可知答案应从第一段中找。根据this special organization had helped to make a dream come true for one of her best friends.可知, 她最好的朋友从中获益。

2.A。细节理解题。由第二段第一句的a worldwide organization以及引号里的a charity综合可知A项an international charity是正确的。

3.B。细节理解题。第三段最后一句, 当人们看见Chris是多么的高兴, 他们决定帮助其他生病的孩子, 那就是Make-A-Wish的开始, 是Chris给了人们这个想法, 所以B项正确。

4.A。细节理解题。由第四段第三句the volunteers were important because they were the ones who helped to make the wishes come true.可知A为正确答案。

五、文化差异

1. 热点话题探究

语言有丰富的文化内涵。接触和了解英语国家的文化有利于对英语的理解和使用, 有利于形成跨文化交际能力。《普通高中英语课程标准》 (实验) 中文化意识目标中也明文规定:普通高中毕业生应能达到七级文化意识目标中的要求, 具体内容如下:

(1) 理解英语中常见成语和俗语及其文化内涵;

(2) 理解英语交际中常用典故或传说;

(3) 了解英语国家主要的文学家、艺术家、科学家的经历、成就和贡献;

(4) 初步了解主要英语国家政治、经济等方面的情况;

(5) 了解英语国家中主要大众传播媒体的情况;

(6) 了解主要英语国家与中国的生活方式的异同;

(7) 了解英语国家人们在行为举止、待人接物等方面与中国人的异同;

(8) 了解英语国家主要宗教传统;

(9) 通过学习英语了解世界文化, 培养世界意识;

(10) 通过中外文化对比, 加深对中国文化的理解。

所有这些内容足以说明“文化习俗、文化差异”是高中英语学习的重点。从近几年的高考试题也可以看出, 对这个话题的考查有递增趋势。

2. 解题方法指导

对英语语言、社会、文化的了解是一个长期过程, 需要长期的积累。根据上述意识目标的要求, 我们在平时的学习过程中, 应做到如下几点:

(1) 重视英语词汇、语法和习惯用法的掌握

在复习过程中加强对语言基础知识的掌握。按新课标的要求就是应具备3500的词汇量, 并掌握其词类、意思和基本用法;掌握句子结构和句子成分之间的关系;熟悉固定词组、固定搭配等约定俗成的语法项目及习惯用语等。

(2) 扩展文化背景知识, 广泛涉猎, 丰富阅读

注重对英语国家的习俗、文化特色、重要文化现象的渊源、一些成语及习语的文化内涵等知识的积累, 这样就可在一个较熟悉的语言背景下去阅读此类话题文章, 可以更自信地去完成题目。

(3) 认真研读历届高考试题

研读高考试题, 可以增加阅读经验, 熟悉题材和体裁, 适应选材特点, 了解设问形式, 感悟设问特点。

从历年高考试题可以看出, 此类话题的文体包括记叙文、议论文及说明文。设问形式以细节理解题为主, 同时包括主旨大意题及词义猜测题, 偶见推理判断题。因此, 解题时应做到:

第一, 迅速阅读问题。带着问题阅读是解答细节理解题的有效方法;

第二, 掌握文章主旨大意。抓住文章的首段或尾段, 有利于把握文章主旨;

第三, 对于词义猜测题的解答, 要注重通过上下文内容及全文大意来进行猜测。

3. 真题例析

2013年辽宁卷D篇

“Indeed, ”George Washington wrote in his diary in 1785, “some kind of fly, or bug, had begun to eat the leaves before I left home.”But the father of America was not the father of bug.When Washington wrote that, Englishmen had been referring to insects as bugs for more than a century, and Americans had already created lightning-bug (萤火虫) .But the English were soon to stop using the bugs in their language, leaving it to the Americans to call a bug a bug in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

The American bug could also be a person, referring to someone who was crazy about a particular activity.Although fan became the usual term, sports fans used to be called racing bugs, baseball bugs, and the like.

Or the bug could be a small machine or object, for example, a bug-shaped car.The bug could also be a burglar alarm, from which comes the expression to bug, that is, “to install (安装) an alarm”.Now it means a small piece of equipment that people use for listening secretly to others'conversation.Since the 1840s, to bug has long meant“to cheat”, and since the 1940s it has been annoying.

We also know the bug as a flaw in a computer program or other design.That meaning dates back to the time of Thomas Edison.In 1878 he explained bugs as“little problems and difficulties”that required months of study and labor to overcome in developing a successful product.In1889 it was recorded that Edison“had been up the two previous nights discovering‘a bug'in his invented record player.”

68.We learn from Paragraph 1 that___________.

A.Americans had difficulty in learning to use the word bug

B.George Washington was the first person to call an insect a bug

C.the word bug was still popularly used in English in the nineteenth century

D.both Englishman and Americans used the word bug in the eighteenth century

69.What does the word“flaw”in the last paragraph probably mean?

A.Explanation.

B.Finding.

C.Origin.

D.Fault.

70.The passage is mainly concerned with___________.

A.the misunderstanding of the word bug

B.the development of the word bug

C.the public views of the word bug

D.the special characteristics of the word bug

【答案与解析】

68.D。细节理解题。根据第一段的“When Washington wrote that, Englishmenleaving it to the Americans to call a bug a bug in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.”可知, 英国人和美国人在18世纪都使用了“bug”这个词。故选D项。

69.D。词义猜测题。根据下文可知, bug被解释为“小问题和麻烦”, 即flaw意为“错误”。故选D项。

70.B。主旨大意题。因全文是按照一定的逻辑顺序来说明bug词义演变的, 即本文描述bug一词的意义发展。故选B项。

4. 素材训练

Argentina in the late nineteenth century was an exciting place.Around 1870, it was experiencing an economic (经济的) boom, and the capital, Buenos Aires, attracted many people.Farmers, as well as a flood of foreigners from Spain and Italy, came to Buenos Aires seeking jobs.These jobs didn't pay well, and the people felt lonely and disappointed with their new life in the city.As the unhappy newcomers mixed together in the poor parts of the city, the dance known as the tango (探戈舞) came into being.

At the beginning the tango was a dance of the lower classes.It was danced in the bars and streets.At that time there were many fewer women than men, so if a man didn't want to be left out, his only choice was to dance with another man so that be could attract the attention of thefew available women.Gradually, the dance spread into the upper classes of Argentinean society and became more respectable.

In Europe at this time, strong interest in dance from around the world was beginning.The interest in international dance was especially evident in Paris.Every kind of dance from ballet (芭蕾舞) to belly dancing could be found on the stages of the Paris theaters.After tango dancers fromArgentina arrived in Europe, they began to draw the interest of the public as they performed their exiting dance in cafés.Though not everyone approved of the new dance, saying it was a little too shocking, the dance did find enough supporters to make it popular.

The popularity (流行) of the tango continued to grow in many other parts of the world.Soldiers who returned to the United States from World War I brought the tango to North America.It reached Japan in 1926, and in 2003 the Argentinean embassy in Seoul hired a local tango dancer to act as a kind of dance ambassador, and promote tango dancing throughout South Korea.

1.The origin of the tango is associated with___________.

A.belly dancers

B.American soldiers

C.a Spanish city

D.the capital of Argentina

2.Which of the following is true about the tango?

A.It was created by foreigners from Spain and Italy.

B.People of the upper classes loved the tango most.

C.It was often danced by two males in the beginning.

D.A dancer in Seoul became the Argentinean ambassador.

3.Before World War I, the tango spread to___________.

A.America

B.Japan

C.France

D.South Korea

4.What can be the best title for the text?

A.How to Dance the Tango

B.The History of the Tango

C.How to Promote the Tango

D.The Modern Tango Boom

【答案与解析】

1.D。细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句和最后一句“As the unhappy newcomers mixed together in the poor parts of the city, the dance known as the tango (探戈舞) came into being”.可知, 探戈起源于阿根廷的首都———布宜诺斯艾利斯。

2.C。细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“At that time there were many fewer women, his only choice was to dance with another.”可知, 选C项。

3.C。细节理解题。根据最后一段可知, 一战后探戈传入北美, 故排除A项;而1926年传入日本, 2003年传入韩国, 故排除B和D项。而由第三段中的“After tango dancers from Argentina arrived in Europe, ”可知, C项正确。

4.B。主旨大意题。从全文的内容来看, 本文介绍了探戈的起源、发展及传播, 故选B项。

六、科技知识

1. 热点话题探究

随着新课改的深入进行, 近年来科普知识、科技前沿类文章大量出现在高考阅读中, 成为高考阅读理解热门题材之一。这类文章主要介绍科普知识, 科学小发明、新创造, 科研新动态, 科研成果的开发、特点、用途, 介绍生产新工艺、制造工艺流程、疾病控制、太空与海洋、动物世界等。由于这类短文一般是对某项科技研究成果的报道或出自于专业人士的科学实验报告或论文, 涉及到某些知识或领域, 如医学研究、心理实验、生物技术、地质地貌、太空探索、新型学科等, 因此题材新颖, 内容抽象复杂, 专业术语较多, 句子结构长且难以理解, 有一定的难度。考生需要深入研究、有针对性地进行备考。

这类文章多以议论文、说明文以及新闻报道为主, 它们结构严谨, 逻辑性强。从阅读理解的考查题型来说, 主要考查细节 (直接理解、指代、计算、识图、词义猜测等) 、推理判断、结论、标题选择及主旨大意题等。

解答此类题一定要全面了解原文, 了解科普知识及最新动态。对于复杂的知识可以通过简笔画、图示等方式将所读内容加以分析整理, 使抽象内容具体化、形象化, 然后才能成功破题。

2. 解题方法指导

对此类话题的针对性解题方法有:

(1) 词义猜测题

认真阅读文章, 分析原文对该科学新发明、新创造、工艺流程是如何解释、如何下定义的, 在此基础上抽象概括生词词义或者根据上下语境来猜测词汇。

(2) 指代判断

这类文章呈现出动作变换多、人物事件转换频繁等特点, 因此经常出现指代判断。指代词以it, one (s) , that, they, them等表示物的代词为多。需认真分析动作转换, 区分动作的执行者和承受者, 从而准确判断代词的正确指代。

(3) 科学方法图示判断题

常以工艺流程、生产方法、科学实验等顺序进行命题。认真阅读文章的顺序, 边读边画草图以帮助理解、思考, 对照选项, 最终做出正确判断。

(4) 数字计算题

解题时认真分析原文相关数据及题干要求, 寻找相应运算公式或运算规律。

(5) 发明创造影响判断题

这类试题常以What is the greatest influence of the new invention?或What is the best effect/result of the new invention?为设问方式进行判断。答案常常出现在文章结尾, 应该在文章后快速寻找。

(6) 新产品使用判断题

认真注意原文中介绍新产品使用的部分, 从而找出正确答案。

3. 真题例析

2013年山东卷C篇

You can't always predict a heavy rain or remember your umbrella.But designer Mikhail Belyaev doesn't think that forgetting to check theweather forecast before heading out should result in you getting wet.That's why he created Lampbrella, a lamp post with its own rain-sensing umbrella.

The designer says he came up with the idea after watching people get wet on streets in Russia.“Once, I was driving on a central Saint Petersburg street and saw the street lamps lighting up people trying to hide from the rain.I thought it would be appropriate to have a canopy (伞蓬) built into a street lamp.”he said.

The lampbrella is a standard-looking street lamp fitted with an umbrella canopy.It has a built-in electric motor which can open or close the umbrella on demand.Sensors (传感器) then ensure that the umbrella offers pedestrians shelter whenever it starts raining.

In addition to the rain sensor, there's also a360°motion sensor on the fiberglass street lamp which detects whether anyone is using the Lampbrella.After three minutes of not being used the canopy is closed.

According to the designer, the Lampbrella would move at a relatively low speed, so as not to cause harm to the pedestrians.Besides, it would be grounded to protect from possible lightning strike.Each lampbrella would offer enough shelter for several people.Being installed (安装) at 2meters off the ground, it would only be a danger for the tallest of pedestrians.

While there are no plans to take the lampbrella into production, Belyaev says he recently introduced his creation to one Moscow Department, and insists this creation could be installed on any street where a lot of people walk but there are no canopies to provide shelter.

66.For what purpose did Belyaev create the lampbrella?

A.To predict a heavy rain.

B.To check the weather forecast.C.To protect people from the rain.

D.To remind people to take an umbrella.

67.What do we know from Belyaev's words in Paragraph 2?

A.His creation was inspired by an experience

B.it rains a lot in the city of Saint Petersburg

C.Street lamps are protected by canopies

D.He enjoyed taking walks in the rain

68.Which of the following shows how the lampbrella works?

A.motor→canopy→sensors

B.sensors→motor→canopy

C.motor→sensors→canopy

D.canopy→motor→sensors

69.What does Paragraph 5 mainly tell us about the lampbrella?

A.Its moving speed.

B.Its appearance.

C.Its installation.

D.Its safety.

70.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A.The designer will open a company to promote his product.

B.The lampbrella could be put into immediate production.

C.The designer is confident that his creation is practical.

D.The lampbrella would be put on show inMoscow.

【答案与解析】

66.C。考查细节理解。根据题干中For what purpose定位到第一段第二、三两句But designer Mikhail Belyaev doesn't think that forgetting to check the weather forecast before heading out should result in you getting wet.That's why he created Lampbrella可知Mikhail Belyaev认为人们忘记查看天气预报的话, 也不一定会淋雨, 只要有Lampbrella, 故选择C项。

67.A。考查细节理解。根据题干中from Belyaev's words定位到第二段第二句Once, I was driving on a central Saint Petersburg street and saw the street lamps lighting up people trying to hide from the rain可知Belyaev看到路灯照亮了试图躲雨的路人, 才想起要给路灯安装伞帘, 这正是他的灵感来源, 故选择A项。

68.B。考查细节理解。根据题干中how the Lampbrella works定位到第三段和第四段的内容。可知该设计安装了360°感应器, 遇上下雨天, 并且有人靠近需要避雨时, 传感器就会发出信号, 伞面在电力的驱动下自动以低速缓慢打开, 等到避雨的人离开, 不超过3分钟, 它就会重新恢复合拢状态。

69.D。考查归纳概括理解。根据题干内容, 答案定位到第五段内容, 本段描述了Lampbrella的速度、高度等各个方面, 就是为了表明它的安全性, 所以选D。A、B和C项都是各个细节, 带有片面性。

70.C。考查推理判断题。根据题干中the last paragraph定位到最后一段内容, 可知Belyaev坚持认为他的发明可以装置在任何一条行人很多的街道上给人提供保护, 可见他对自己的发明很有信心。故选择C项。

4. 素材训练

Your glasses may someday replace your smartphone, and some New Yorkers are ready for the switch.Some in the city can't wait to try them on and use the maps and GPS that the futuristic eyewear is likely to include.

“I'd use it if I were hanging out with friends at 3 a.m.and going to the bar and wanted to see what was open, ”said Walter Choo, 40, of Fort Greene.

The smartphone-like glasses will likely come out this year and cost between$250 and$600, the Times said, possibly including a variation ofaugmented (增强的) reality, a technology already available on smartphones and tablets (平板电脑) that overlays information onto the screen about one's surroundings.So, for example, if you were walking down a street, indicators would pop up showing you the nearest coffee shop or directions could be plotted out and come into view right on the sidewalk in front of you.

“As far as a mainstream consumer product, this just isn't something anybody needs, ”said Sam Biddle, who writes for Gizmodo.com.“We're accustomed to having one thing in our pocket to do all these things, ”he added, “and the average consumer isn't gonna be able to afford another device (装置) that's hundreds and hundreds of dollars.”

Google publisher Seth Weintraub, who has been reporting on the smartphone-like glasses since late last year, said he is confident that this type of wearable device will eventually be as common as smartphones.

“It's just like smartphones 10 years ago, ”Weintraub said.“A few people started getting emails on their phones, and people thought that was crazy.Same kind of thing.We see people bending their heads to look at their smartphones, and it's unnatural, ”he said.“There's gonna be improvements to that, and this a step there.”

1.One of the possible functions of the smartphone-like glasses is to___________.

A.program the opening hours of a bar

B.supply you with a picture of the future

C.provide information about your surroundings

D.update the maps and GPS in your smartphones

2.The underlined phrase“pop up”in the third paragraph probably means“___________”.

A.develop rapidly

B.get round quickly

C.appear immediately

D.go over automatically

3.According to Sam Biddle, the smartphonelike glasses are___________.

A.necessary for teenagers

B.attractive to New Yorkers

C.available to people worldwide

D.expensive for average consumers

4.We can learn from the last two paragraphs that the smartphone-like glasses___________.

A.may have a potential market

B.are as common as smartphones

C.are popular among young adults

D.will be improved by a new technology

【答案与解析】

1.C。考查细节理解。根据题干中的关键词possible functions定位到第三段第一句话that overlays information onto the screen about one's surroundings可知这种智能手机式的眼镜能将你周围的环境呈现在显示屏上。

2.C。考查词义猜测。根据题干中的关键词pop up定位到第三段第二句“pop up showing you the nearest coffee shop or”可知如果你沿着一条大街走, 眼镜上的指示灯会立刻闪现出这条大街上的咖啡店或为你指明方向。

3.D。考查细节理解。根据题干中的关键词smartphone-like glasses以及四个选项的信息定位到第四段最后一句“and the average consumer isn't gonna be able to afford another device that's hundreds and hundreds of dollars.”由线索定位中的句子可知, 普通消费者可能负担不起这一装置。故选择D项。

4.A。考查细节理解。根据题干中的关键词the last two paragraphs定位到最后两段, 尤其是倒数第二段中“this type of wearable device will eventually be as common as smartphones.”可知这种眼镜装置将来可能会和智能手机一样普遍。故选择A项。