大学英语第一册答案

大学英语第一册答案（共8篇）

大学英语第一册答案 篇1

Translation

Unit 1

1)I’m tired.I shouldn’t have gone to bed so late last night.2)I don’t/didn’t know bob very well, but we go/went out for an occasional drink together.3)We’re supposed to meet her at the train station.4)You could clearly see people drowning, but/and yet you took no action to save them.5)Including weekends, there are only twelve more days to buy Christmas presents.6)Without immediate action, many kinds of wild animals would die from hunger.Unit 2

1．That song always reminded her of the night spent in Chicago.2．There happened to be a policeman on the corner, so I asked him the way.3．All flights to New York today are/were delayed because of the bad weather.4．Whoever is responsible will have to pay for the damage.5.I can’t find my checkbook.I must have left it at home.6.By the time the football match was going to start, the storm had already stopped.Unit 3

1.You won’t get the job unless you’ve got the experience.2.Most of my time is spent studying the differences between Chinese and American cultures.3.The statement/sentence is so clear that it can’t cause any misunderstanding.4.He wished he could give her more help than he does.5.Put on your coat or you’ll catch cold.6.She has added a Picasso to her collection.7.I am not aware of ever having been here before.8.You will soon find yourself without any friends at all if you keep on being so rude to everybody.Unit 4

1.It’s far too hot in the room;open the window, please!

2.The noise woke us up in the middle of the night.3.He shouldn’t have been angry at what I said.It was nothing more than a joke.4.We invited all our friends to the picnic but it rained and only five of them showed up.5.She views marriage as a serious matter.6.To my disappointment, the movie didn’t live up to my expectations.Unit 5

1.I used to go to the cinema/movies a lot, but I never have the time now.2.The two workers cooperated with each other to fix the broken pipe.3.This is a cruel practice which should be stopped immediately.4.What aspect of your job/work is(the)most difficult, and what aspect is(the)most rewarding?

5.Some people think he is rude, but that’s not the case.6.I’ll help as much as I can, but there is a limit to what I can do.

大学英语第一册答案 篇2

本文分析的《大学日本语》 (第一册) 是王廷凯主编, 由四川大学出版社出版发行的2005年2月第2版, 2011年7月第12次印刷的版本。第一册由语音部分和20篇课文构成。该书编者在前言中写道:“本书课本原文全部选自日本原文作品。其中第1、2册课文以日本早稻田大学语学研究所编的《日本语教科书》 (改订版) 为蓝本…… (中略) 根据我国普通高等院校文科专业和外语院校学生的特点以及自学考试和日语等级考试的要求, 我们深入浅出地编写了课文注释, 语法讲解, 句型说明和练习系统。”

本书作为教材, 在编排上整体还是比较合理的。正如编者在前言中所说, 除语音部分之外, “各课内容由课文, 生词, 课文注释, 语法, 句型和练习系统组成。”

本文试着将第一册分成语音和各课内容两个部分, 分别进行浅显的分析。

二、语音部分

语音部分由五个单元组成, 里面包含了日语的五十音图的假名, 以及特殊发音的拨音, 浊音, 半浊音, 长音, 拗音, 拗长音, 促音, 讲解了日语语调, 此外还涉及了元音无声化现象的讲解。这样的安排比较科学, 教材的讲解比较详细, 学生们学习起来也比较轻松。但是, 语音部分还存在一些明显的问题和不足之处。

1、没有笔画笔顺

在本书的语音部分, 没有标注平假名和片假名的笔画笔顺。作为学校的教材, 老师可以在课堂上, 向学生讲解。但是, 本书长期以来作为成渝两地的自考教材, 一些高校的二外教材, 以及一部分日语自学者的教材, 在这一点上有所缺失。

2、わ行的上古假名出现在五十音图中

在本书的第1页, 日语语音部分的引言部分, 出现了本书的五十音图表, わ行的上古假名“ゐ、ゑ”出现在五十音图中。わ行的上古假名“ゐ、ゑ”, 只有有时在阅读日语的古文的时候, 会遇见。对于一般不会用到上古假名的非日语专业的学习者来说, 就没有必要写在五十音图中。况且, 第1页的五十音图是学习者第一次接触日语的平假名, 这样容易使得学习者思绪混乱。

即便在第13页讲到わ行复元音, 教材依然采用的是上古假名“ゐ、ゑ”, 然后在讲解中介绍到上古假名“ゐ、ゑ”在现代日语中已经不使用。科学的对五十音图进行讲解, 这样的做法无可厚非。但是, 也要考虑到使用这本教材的学习者的实际情况。

3、语音部分出现的句型

在五十音图和拨音讲解结束之后, 在语音部分的第三单元对が行, ざ行, だ行, ば行浊音和ぱ行半浊音进行讲解之后, 在第三, 第四, 第五单元就出现了一些句型的讲解和练习。

学习者刚刚接触了假名, 即使会读会写平假名, 认读和书写片假名还存在很多问题。这个时候, 向学习者灌输这些显得有些操之过急。况且, 判断句和存在句是语音部分结束后, 学习者马上就会接触到的东西。教材的编排在这里显得不太科学。如果这本书在学校里由老师来讲, 在句型的讲解中, 会涉及单词的语调、意义, 每个语法点的讲解, 这个对学生们来说是很大的负担, 会打消他们的学习积极性。自学的学习者看到这些就更难了。

在第27页的会话练习部分, 还出现了简体会话, 以及男性用语和女性用语的区别。敬体与简体, 男性用语和女性用语, 这些的学习都是有了一定了日语积累之后, 才会慢慢引导学习者去学习的。

三、课文部分

各课内容由课文, 生词, 课文注释, 语法, 句型和练习系统组成。第1册课文以日本早稻田大学语学研究所编的《日本语教科书》 (改订版) 为蓝本。这样选择文章的好处首先在于, 这是日本人编写的文章, 比较贴近日语的实际。其次, 早稻田大学一直致力于国际交流, 他们编写的教材水平还是比较高的。本文着重进行分析的是语法讲解, 句型说明和练习系统中的不足之处。

1、在语法讲解和句型说明中新单词没有标示读音和意义

在语法讲解和句型说明中, 很多课的例句中出现了新的单词, 但是课本并没有对其进行注音和简单的解释。这个会给学习者带来一定的障碍。

比如, 第3课第51页的两个例句。

(1) うちの犬は大変大きいです。 (大変)

(2) 日本語は少し難しいです。 (少し)

课本中的每个例句都有对应的中文翻译。即便如此, 学习者也不知道“大変”和“少し”的读音, 语调是怎样的。类似的例子在本书中还有一些, 这里就不一一赘述了。

2、在语法讲解和句型说明中出现的例句, 有错误

在语法讲解和句型说明中出现的例句, 有错误。错误一般可以分成两种。一种是将日语翻译成中文的时候, 出现了错误。另外一种就是纯粹的日语表达出现了错误。

将日语翻译成中文的时候, 出现错误, 这个问题并不太严重。一般涉及到一些词汇的意义出现了偏差。

比如, 第7课第85页和第9课第102页的两个例句。

(1) 先生はときどきあの店でご飯を食べます。 (教材翻译为“老师常常在那家店里吃饭”。) 这个句子中的“ときどき”值得商酌。在《明镜国语辞典》里是这样解释它的意义和用法的:“[副]ある程度の時間をおいて物事が繰り返されるさま。ときおり。「たびたび」「しばしば」よりは頻度が低く、「たまに」よりは高い。”鉴于此, 本人认为这里翻译为“常常”不太恰当, 翻译为“有时”更合适一些。

(2) いいえ、誰もいません。 (教材翻译为“谁也没有”。) 这种翻译是直译, 完完全全的每个词一一对应出来的。中文也说不通。在《明镜国语辞典》里是这样解释它的意义和用法的:“[副助]《不定の意を表す語に付いて》どの場合にも当てはまる意を表す。下に打ち消しを伴うときは全面的な否定となる。”这里想要表达的意思是全面否定, 即“一个人都没有”。

在进行举例的时候, 日语表达出现了错误, 这个问题就比较严重。学习者会就教材内容进行模仿, 结果就变成了以讹传讹。

比如, 第2课第43页就有两个典型的错误。

(1) ―そこは講堂ですか。

はい、そこは講堂です。 (句中“そこ”应该改为“ここ”。)

いいえ、そこは講堂ではありません。 (句中“そこ”应该改为“ここ”。)

(2) ―ここはどこですか。

ここは図書館です。 (句中“ここ”应该改为“そこ”。)

这两个句子都是涉及日语中说话人和听者之间的相对位置关系。对说话人而言是“そこ”的存在, 对听者就变成了“ここ”。相应的, 对说话人而言是“ここ”的存在, 对听者就变成了“そこ”。因此, 用“そこ”提问要用“ここ”回答。相应的, 用“ここ”提问就要用“そこ”回答。

再比如第12课第122页在讲到副词“もう”和“まだ”的用法时, 也犯了很严重的错误。

“まだ行きません”。 (教材上翻译的是“还没去”。) 教材上想要举例表达的是“去”这个动作还没有实现。举出这个例句是完完全全错误的。“行きます”是日语中可以表示说话人主观意志的意志动词。“ません”这个助动词的否定形式, 在时态上表示的是“非过去”, 即现在和将来。这里看不出任何能够表达经常性, 习惯性行为的意义。只能理解为对将来即将做的事情进行描述。“行きません”在这里应该理解为某人的意志, “不去”。

教材上想要表达的是对“去”这个动作还没有发生的客观描述。不能用表达主观意志的“行きません”, 而应该用客观描述动作还没有发生, 并且说话人并不知道会不会发生的“行っていません”。

类似的例子在本书中还有一些, 这里也不一一赘述了。

3、练习题部分

练习题中, 有一些题, 特别是阅读题, 是直接将《大家的日语》和《新编日语》的课文与题拿来用。因为不是针对这本课本每一课讲的内容, 所以并不是很契合。有一些单词与语法表达学习者并不懂也猜不出来。

比如, 单元练习 (2) 第98页十题的阅读来源于《大家的日语1》第12课103页第6题。再比如, 第15课第156页的阅读练习直接是来源于《新编日语》第一册第七课的读解文『日帰り旅行』。

还有一个比较显著的问题是, 练习题部分的内容较课文内容有时会提前一些, 另外就是汉译日的时候, 有一些单词学生根本没有学习过, 这一点让学习者在学习过程中比较头疼。

4、单词列表中语调与词性都有错误

编者在前言中提到单词的读音音调是根据《新明解国语辞典》所标注。但是, 单词列表中出现的语调与词性都有错误的地方, 特别是对词组的语调标识。

比如, 第6课第77页对“答える”这个词的词性描述是 (名, 自下一) 。这个词除了具有自动词的用法, 还可以有他动词的用法。在《明镜国语辞典》里是这样解释它的意义和用法的:“[答える]3 (1) [他下一]相手の質問などに対して、言葉を返す。返事をする。 (2) [自下一]問題を解いて答えを出す。解答する。

四、小结

以上这些问题之所以会出现, 原因在于课文虽然是日本人编的, 但是注释和示例却是中国教师给出的。考查该书的语法、句型例句和练习题, 发现在参考书方面, 存在明显不足的问题。既然是标注日语单词的读音, 日本有音调辞典, 比如, 《NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典》。作为语法例解中例句的选择, 日本有很多编写的非常成熟的句型表达辞典, 应该从原汁原味的日语表达中进行借鉴。

最后, 作为教材, 应该给学习者起到良好的示范作用。因此, 编者严谨的治学态度还是必需的。

参考文献

[1]『明镜国语辞典』北原保雄[編]大修館書店2002年11月

大学英语第一册答案 篇3

1. honest / loyal

(1) She is an________girl and never tells a lie.

(2) I think everyone should be________ to his duty.

2. handsome / beautiful

(1) I know your daughter is very________.

(2) His brother is a very________young man.

3. argue / quarrel

(1) If we cant agree with each other in something, we will________about it.

(2) He doesnt get on well with his classmatesand often________with them.

4. movie / film

(1) Dont you often see a________in this cinema?

(2) Since we are free this evening, lets go to the________.

5. in order to / so as to

(1) The young man started very early catch the first train.

(2)________see the film, he had to walk far.

6. care about / care for

(1) The girl doesnt________clothes very much.

(2) As far as I know, the patients are well______in the hospital.

7. error / mistake

(1) A slight________in calculation will make a great difference.

(2) Everyone makes________in everyday

life.

keys:

1.(1) honest(2) loyal2.(1) beautiful(2) handsome

3.(1) argue(2) quarrels4.(1) film(2) movies

5.(1) in order to/so as to(2) In order to6.(1) care about(2) cared for

7.(1) error(2) mistakes

Unit 2

1. broad / wide

(1) As you can see, this is a very________river.

(2) Look, the young man has______shoulders.

2. equal / fair

(1) Women are________to men in everything.

(2) I dont think its________ for you to treat us differently.

3. except / except for

(1) This TV program is wonderful________a few dialogues.

(2) I know that nobody________you knows it.

4. exchange / change

(1) If it is possible, they will find time to_______their experience.

(2) They will________trains at Zhengzhou for Xian.

5. signal / sign

(1) A dark cloud is usually a________of rain.

(2) The________given, the bus started.

6. stay up / stay out

(1) You can play for a while, but dont________too long.

(2) If you cant finish your work during the day, you have to________.

7. come about / come across

(1) I dont know how the traffic accident_______.

(2) Yesterday afternoon, I________an old friend in the street.

8. expression / impression

(1) The________on her face suggested that she was angry.

(2) His kindness and honesty left me a deep______ .

9. bring in / bring up

(1) After her parents death, the little girl was________by her uncle.

(2) They managed to________some good equipment from foreign countries.

10. a great many / a great deal of

(1)________students in our class have passed the exam.

(2) Dont you know________time has been wasted by you?

keys:

1.(1) wide(2) broad2.(1) equal (2) fair

3.(1) except for (2) except

4.(1) exchange(2) change

5.(1) sign (2) signal

6.(1) stay out(2) stay up

7.(1) came about(2) came across

8.(1) expression (2) impression

9.(1) brought up(2) bring in

10.(1) A great many(2) a great deal of

Unit 3

1. protect…from… / prevent…from…

(1) The heavy snow________me getting here in time.

(2) As we all know, an umbrella can us________ rain.

2. normal / usual / common / ordinary / regular

(1) Ill get home as early as________this evening.

(2) Everything is________; dont be worried about it.

(3) I still remember this matter happened on an________day.

(4) The old woman lives a________life by getting up and going to bed early.

(5) Its very________for you to see wild animals on the mountain.

3. as well as / as long as / as soon as / as far as I study English________French in my spare time.

(2)________he got home, it began to rain.

(3)________I know, she has been there.

(4)________you go over all your lessons, you can pass this exam.

Keys：

1.(1) prevented, from (2) protect, from

2.(1) usual (2) normal (3) ordinary(4) regular (5) common

3.(1) as well as(2) As soon as (3) As far as (4) As long as

Unit 4

1. advance / develop

(1) We should make great efforts to education.

(2) Look, the soldiers are________towardthe front.

2. struggle / fight

(1) Suddenly, I saw a little girl________ in the water.

(2) The soldiers________a way out of the enemys encirclement.

3. strike / beat / hit / knock

(1) You should________ the iron while it is hot.

(2) I dont know who is at the door.

(3) Hearing this noise, he felt his heart______ very fast.

(4) The girl fell from the tree and______the ground heavily.

4. go through / get through

(1) I know that you have________a lot of hardships.

(2) I tried to phone you, but I couldnt_______ .

5. destroy / damage

(1) The terrible fire________many buildings, which left us feeling very sad.

(2) The storm has________a few houses and some people are trying to repair them.

keys:

1.(1) develop(2) advancing

2.(1) struggling(2) fought

3.(1) strike (2) knocking (3) beating (4) hit/struck

4.(1) gone through (2) get through

5.(1) destroyed(2) damaged

Unit 5

1. prize / price

(1) The________of the computer is very reasonable.

(2) I dont know who won the________for the best actor.

2. choice / chance

(1) I think you have no________but to study hard.

(2) You have missed a good________to study abroad.

3. take off / take away

(1)________your food; I dont want to eat it.

(2) Your career will________sooner or later. 4. owe / own

(1) I think we should________our success to our leaders.

(2) He is very rich and________ten large companies.

5. in all / at all

(1) I have five thousand dollars________.

(2) I dont understand what you said. 6. accept / receive

(1) Have you________my letter posted to you last week?

(2) She asked me to have dinner with her, but I didnt________her invitation.

7. stay away / stay with

(1) I went to see her to find her________.

(2) Can I________you for a few days?

8. on the air / in the air

(1) Look, a lot of birds are flying________. (2) I have heard that this wonderful match

will be________.

keys:

1.(1) price(2) prize2.(1) choice (2) chance

3.(1) Take away (2) take off

4.(1) owe(2) owns5.(1) in all (2) at all6.(1) received(2) accept

7.(1) stay away (2) stay with

8.(1) in the air (2) on the air

Unit 6

1. interrupt / disturb

(1) All the students were________by the news of their teachers illness.

(2) Im very sorry to have________your discussion.

2. fault / shortcoming

(1) I dont think this traffic accident is my________.

(2) Everyone has his strong points and_______ .

3. cloth / clothes / clothing

(1) As we all know,________is made fromcotton.

(2) I want to buy a suit of________this afternoon.

(3) This shop only sells womens________. 4. custom / habit

(1) The young man has formed the of smoking.

(2) We dont know anything about these social________.

5. raise / rise

(1) He________his voice to make himself understood.

(2) It is well-known that the sun________in the east.

6. advice / suggestion

(1) These________are very reasonable, and well accept them.

(2) Our English teacher gave us a piece of_______on how to learn English well.

keys:

1.(1) disturbed(2) interrupted2.(1) fault________ (2) shortcomings

3.(1) cloth(2) clothes (3) clothing

大学英语第一册答案 篇4

4.远程教学课程是指授课者与学生通过计算机通信技术进行交流 的课程。

5.英语不但是世界上最有用的语言，也是世界上最易学、易用的 语言之一。

6远程教学课程在时间安排上给予学生更多的自由，但与其他课程 比，这些课程要求学生有更强的自律能力。Cloze 1.B 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.C 6,C 7.B 8.A 9.a 10.B 11.A 12.A 13.B 14.A 15.B Structured Writing XII.I am proud to say that I succeeded in learning a foreign language.It was a real challenge and, needless to say, it took a lot of practice.I carried a small dictionary with me everywhere I went as well as a notebook in which I listed new words I came across.I also managed my time carefully so that I met the standards of the course and finished assignments on time.After years of persistence, I reaped the benefits of all my hard work.Section B Reading Skills 1.1.C 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.B Comprehension of the Text II.1.C 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.D 6.B 7.C 8.D Vocabulary 1.community 2.effective 3.unique 4.committed 5.reinforce 6.perspective 7.explicit 8.challenge 9.hindered 10.arose IV.1.for 2.with 3.on 4.on 5.on 6.of 7.in 8.up 9.of 10.In 课后答案 Unit 2

1.appeals 2.identity 3.concern 4.disgusting 5.upset 6.influence 7.offensive 8.burst 9.stuff 10.thorough IV.1.off/ down 2.off 3.as 4.on 5.for 6.on/upon 7.to 8.over 9.in 10.of V.1.H 2.F 3.D 4.K 5.B 6.C 7.L 8.I 9.O 10.N Sentence Structure VI.1.Kate saw her brother Bill as she was getting off the school bus.Or: As she was getting off the school bus, Kate saw her brother Bill.2.As she was standing up from he seat, mother dropped the glass to the ground.Or: Mother dropped the glass to the ground as she was standing up from her seat.3.A policeman fired at a thief as the thief was bolting out of the house.Or: As the thief was bolting out of the house, a policeman fired at him.4.As she ran to catch the school bus, Sandy thought of her talk with her mother.Or: Sandy thought of he talk with her mother as she ran to catch the school bus.5.As the teacher entered the classroom, all the students shouted “Happy birthday” to him.Or: All the students shouted “Happy Birthday” to him as the teacher entered the classroom.VII.1.She listened to her favorite rock music while singing along with the words.2.She was putting on her jeans while asking me to hand her the sweater.3.He banged on the door while opening it.4.In the bathroom she put on some makeup while looking in the mirror.5.The schoolmaster shot an angry glance at the naughty first grader while talking with his parents.Translation: VIII.1.As she was about to turn off the music, her father burst into he room and shouted at her, “Can’t you turn down the music a little bit?”

2.the owner of the bar kept watching the girl dancing while pretending not to.3.Rock music appealed to Sandy so much that she turned it up, paying no attention to her father’s objection.4.As usual, when his parents don’t like what he wears, they start bugging him.5.At the meeting they discussed how to keep the lines of communication open between teachers and students.6.It makes my blood boil to think of these young boys and girls who are forced by their parents to beg for money along the streets.IX.1.我认为那些在镇上游手好闲、在身上又文身又穿洞的青少年是 在表达他们的个性。

2.因特网提供了一种更快捷的方式，让我们与全球的新老客户取 得联系，并保持沟通渠道畅通无阻。

3.父母与自己十多岁的孩子的沟通问题不仅仅在于“代沟”，而 且还在于双方都不完全理解对方的思想。

4.当父母与子女有了这类沟通障碍时，青少年面临的问题可能更 大。

5.青少年常常要经历这么一个阶段，在这个阶段，他们觉得父母 会让他们没面子，害怕他们达不到自己朋友的标准。

6.比如，青少年希望在外呆到很晚，但是当第二天早上要起床上 学时，那又是另一回事了。Cloze X.1.B 2.B 3.A 4.A 5.A 6.A 7.A 8.B 9.C 10.B 11.A 12.A 13.A 14.C 15.A 16.C 17.B 18.A 19.A 20.C Structured Writing XII.The first thing you should do t make tea is to boil water.While waiting for it to boil, you can get your teapot out and put the right amount of tea leaves into it.When the water has come to boil, pour it into the teapot.Then wait for a few minutes to let the leaves steep.Next? Enjoy the tea.Section B Reading skills I.1.F 2.F 3.O 4.O 5.F plus O 6.O 7.O 8.O Comprehension of the Text II.1.C 2.A 3.B 4.D 5.D 6.C 7.B 8.A Vocabulary III.1.entitled 2.ruin 3.evaluate 4.trend 5.attitude 6.tend 7.curiosity 8.applying 9.response 10.concept IV.1.to 2.in 3.between 4.about 5.across 6.to 7.to 8.in 9.to 10.for Unit 3 Vocabulary III.1.Inwardly 2.regret 3.occasion 4.complained 5.urged 6.coordinate 7.reluctance 8.envy 9.adjust 10.amazed IV.1.in 2.of 3.on 4.on 5.to 6.out 7.to 8.to 9.on 10.about V.1.O 2.J 3.N 4.L 5.I 6.C 7.H 8.E 9.A 10.F Sentence Structure: VI.1.He had his ears pierced even though I told him not to.2.It was exciting game even though no goals were scored.3.He was treated exactly like all the other workers even though he had just joined the company.4.Even though you disagree with her, she’s worth listening to.5.There was never enough money to support his family even though he was hard-working and did two jobs at the same time.VII.1.After learning some simple Chinese, the American girl was able to communicate with the other students in her class.2.When doing the writing exercise for this course, you should remember that you are writing according to a specific structure.3.Until finished, the problem was a continuous worry to me.4.While working at the computer, the young man was listening to music over the radio all the time.5.The grass will grow more quickly if watered regularly.Translation VIII.1.I have decided to accept the new post, even though the job is not very well paid.2.The job has been taken to be very simple until(it is)actually started.3.Now that you are planning to move to Canada, you must try to adjust to cold weather in winter.4.He promised to help us to buy the house, but with a little reluctance.5.This is an important meeting.Please see to it that you are not late for it.6.He is experienced businessman who has engaged in foreign trade for quite a few years.IX.1.他决心向那个女孩谈自己的计划，即使他知道她很可能拒绝听。2.一离开那条长长的正街，他就发现自己身处城里十分贫穷的区 域。

3.听到那首歌，我不禁悲从中来，想起了那些困苦的日子。4.每个想过健康生活的人，都必须在工作和娱乐之间寻求适当的平衡。

5.我的第一位老板真让人讨厌，让每个人日子难过似乎是他的乐 趣。我干了没多久就走人了。

6.你能确保在本周末之前完成这项工作吗？伦敦有重要公干，总 公司正在考虑派你去。Cloze X.1.A 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.B 6.A 7.B 8.B 9.C 10.A 11.C 12.C 13.A 14.B 15.C 16.C 17.C 18.A 19.B 20.A XII All of my classmates believe that Sandy has a good taste for music.The music she listens to always has a clear, strong rhythm and the music has a message for us to think about.Also, the words in the music are just like poems, so beautiful and easy for us to remember.Section B Reading Skills I.1.They found the man.2.He reached the airport in time.3.The old man dimly saw the young man.4.The young marine sat by the old man the whole night.5.A message came saying the real son was arriving Comprehension of the text II.1.A 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.C 6.A 7.B 8.B Vocabulary III 1.sole 2.extend 3.startle 4.located 5.inform 6.interrupted 7.collapsed 8.exchange 9.apparent 10.enable IV 1.The government has called for an immediate investigation of the activities of the police.2.We applied the medicine and in a few minutes Mrs.Johnson came to.3.She coldly said goodbye to her friends.With that she shut the door and cried in the room.4.Whatever your reason, I shall hold to my idea that people should be allowed to have private lives.5.To our surprise the stranger turned out to be allowed to an old friend of my mother’s.6.He’s not in the office;he’s now on his way to London for a meeting.7.When setting out on a long walk, always wear suitable shoes.8.He was too disappointed by this lack of success to try again.9.The couple loves each other dearly, but now and again they quarrel.10.In the subway station the poor old woman begged the passengers for money, but they paid no attention to her.课后答案 Unit 4 Vocabulary III.1.conscious 2.depressed 3.ranges 4.impressed 5.encounter 6.introduction 7.match 8.physical 9.relaxed 10.contact IV.1.are committed to 2.takes„seriously 3.was absorbed in 4.focus on 5.made up his mind 6.driving me crazy 7.ranging from„ to 8.at her best 9.Lighten up 10.kept her eyes on V.1.C 2.M 3.F 4.I 5.E 6.B 7.H 8.J 9.A 10.K Sentence Structure VI.1.It rained for two weeks on end completely flooding the village.2.Not wanting to meet John at the party, she refused to attend it.3.The bus arrived one hour late, causing me to miss the beginning of the game.4.The marine sat thee in the dimly lit ward, holding the old man’s hand and offering words of hope and strength.5.Realizing he was too sick to tell whether or not I was his son, I guessed he really needed me.VII.1.I was so excited about going traveling(that)I couldn ’t sleep.2.The chairman became so angry with his secretary(that)he decided to fire him.3.She speaks English so well(that)you would think it was he native language.4.He was so frightened(that)he broke eye contact and looked out the window.5.His presentation was so interesting(that)everyone listened very carefully.Translation VII.1.she was so absorbed in reading the book that she was not conscious of someone coming in.2.He was late for almost an hour for the first meeting, leaving a bad impression on everyone.3.Consciously or unconsciously, we make up our minds about people through their eyes, faces, bodies, and attitudes.4.Professor Zhou was committed to the cause of language teaching all his life.5.Many how-to books advise you that if you want to make a good impression, the trick is to be consistently you, at your best.6.The media sometimes sends mixed messages, but most people believe what they see over what they hear.IX.1.史密斯教授关于形体语言的讲座非常重要，所有的学生都认真 地对待这次讲座。

2.董事长意识到这不是好的过错，对好笑了笑来缓和气氛。3.她大怒，把我的杯子摔在地上，摔得粉碎。

4.观察他的形体语言，你可以判断出他是在跟你说实话还是仅仅 找个借口敷衍你。5.不管人们对你说些什么，记住“观其行胜于闻其言”。6.肢体动作是表达感情的无意识形式，能向观众传递某种信息。Cloze20.B X.1.C 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.C 6.B 7.C 8.A 9.C 10.C 11.B 12.B 13.A 14.C 15.A 16.B 17.C 18.A 19.A 20.B Structured Writing XII.Body language is important in many cases: trying to win an election, addressing a family party, talking business at a conference, or giving a seminar at school.Reading Skills I.1.Besides speech, people use other forms to communicate.2.We communicate a great deal with our body movements.3.The clothes you wear also communicate many things.4.Small ornaments you wear communicate many things, too.5.A wealth of information from body language makes snap judgments seem sound.Comprehension of the Text II.1.D 2.C 3.C 4.A 5.B 6.B 7.A 8.D Vocabulary III.1.status 2.sign 3.resented 4.promoted 5.assuming 6.estimate 7.campaign 8.judgment 9.acquainted 10.norms IV.1.account for 2.in part 3.is content with 4.feel at home 5.lack of 6.in relation to 7.become acquainted with 8.pick up 9.find out 10.a wealth of

新视野大学英语（第二版）第1册Unit 8答案 Vocabulary III 1.sources 2.stable 3.process 4.composed 5.observing 6.combination 7.explosion 8.existence 9.occupied 10.creation IV.1.at 2.in 3.on 4.for 5.on 6.between 7.for 8.with 9.at 10.of V.1.J 2.L 3.G 4.M 5.O 6.A 7.I 8.B 9.D 10.E Sentence Structure VI.1.It is easiest to examine the sudden arrival of a new idea in the great creative personalities, many of whom experienced it in an intensified form.2.The Gaels’ offspring are the modern Scots and Irish, some of whom still speak the Gaelic language.3.George explained that this was the official dress for taking examination, many of which wee held in June.4.The Miracle, for which his unconscious mind had been seeking for so long, happened at last.5.The conscious mind at the moment of creation knew nothing of the actual processes through which the solution was found.VII.1.the more knowledge he will have 2.the less he liked it 3.the less you have to pay for it 4.the more exciting it will be 5.the greater progress you will make Translation III.1.There are twenty universities in this city, some of which are world-famous.2.the more he thinks about it, the angrier he becomes.3.She was filled with pity for the innocent victims.4.He was occupied with his business matters and didn’t have time to think about a holiday.5.The country’s economy depends to some degree on the import of raw materials.6.After several discussions between the members of the committee, a new plan of action began to take shape.IX.1.出租汽车公司新雇了50个司机，其中有的人刚拿到驾驶证。2.一个人越没有智慧，就越不知道自己缺的就是智慧。

3.暂时没有必要采取任何行动。过一晚再作决定，明天上午告诉我你的想法。4.近年来经济形势恶化，寻求紧急食品和住房援助的美国穷人数目去年增加了7%。

5.我们的消息来源说，下星期有可能发生另一次袭击，也许就在城市中心地区。6.在这个医疗体系内，对各位医生支付的款项按照他们当月的医疗成本进行调整。Cloze X.1.B 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.A 6.A 7.B 8.C 9.A 10.A 11.B 12.C 13.A 14.B 15.A 16.C 17.C 18.A 19.B 20.A Structured Writing XII.When I stated to learn English at my junior middle school, I had a kind and patient teacher.She was very encouraging to all of her students.Because of her encouragement, I answered every question I could eagerly, never worrying much about making mistakes.I was at the top of my class for two years.In contrast, the method by which I was taught English in senior middle school was not well suited to my learning style.My new teacher quickly punished those who gave wrong answers.Whenever we answered incorrectly, she would shout at us.As a result I lost my desire and confidence and did not make any progress in learning.Section B Reading Skills I.1.A 2.B 3C 4.C 5.A Comprehension of the Text 1.A 2.B 3.D 4.C 5.C 6.B 7.D 8.A Vocabulary III.1.advantage 2.remarked 3.claimed 4.convince 5.productive 6.enquiry 7.potential 8.transfer 9.recall 10.enhance IV.1.together 2.On 3.of 4.for 5.up 6.away 7.on/upon 8.in 9.to 10.of 新视野大学英语（第2版）第1册Unit 9答案

III.1.accomplish 2.responsibility 3.amount 4.performance 5.alter 6.adapt 7.aroused 8.remarkable 9.investigate 10.entertain IV.1.out 2.to 3.in 4.from 5.back 6.as 7.with 8.with 9.behind 10.on V.1.G 2.L 3.D 4.F 5.K 6.N 7.O 8.I 9.C 10.A Sentence Structure VI.1.Should you change your mind, no one will be upset.2.Should a serious crisis arise, the public would have to be informed of it.3.Should you fail in the exam, your parents and teacher will not blame you.4.Should you have a major change in your plan, let us know in time.5.should your car break down, change to a bus.VII.1.You should talk to your teacher instead of just complaining to me about it.2.They raised prices and cut production, instead of cutting costs.3.He decided that he would drive back to town instead of putting up for the night at the hotel.4.He nodded his head instead of saying anything where his voice might express the real truth.5.My mother prefers making her own clothes instead of buying clothes in the shops.Translation VIII.1.Should you have any doubt about the plan, please feel free to contact us at any time.2.We have learned how to face reality instead of escaping from it.3.It just proves that you can’t hope to turn in a worthy report if you haven’t done enough preparation.4.We have to face that possibility no matter how unlikely it may sound.5.The newcomers found it hard to adapt themselves to the climate there.6.It strikes me as odd that school children are required to come to school two hours before class.IX.1.遗憾的是，他也一点英语都不会说，但是如果你想去某个地方，把地址写下来交给他就行了。

2.下次你若有问题，要考虑怎样改变处境，不要过于担心各种负面因素。3.不管什么天气，她平均每天跑15英里。

4.好的摄影作品和普通的摄影作品最重要的一个区别因素是用光手法。5.实际上，大多数员工从不愿意把新产品使用手册坚持看完。

6.一旦你感到放松后，就把注意力集中在音乐上，看看心中有什么意象出现。Cloze X.1.B 2.C 3.A 4.A 5.B 6.B 7.A 8.C 9.B 110.A 11.A 12.C 3.B 14.C 15.C Structured Writing XII.Visual aids offer several advantages.The primary advantage is clarity.If you are discussing an object, you can make your message clearer by showing the object.If you are citing statistics, showing how something works, or demonstrating a technique, a visual aid will make you information more vivid to your audience.By using visual aids in your speeches, you often will make it easier for listeners to understand exactly what you are trying to communicate.Another advantage of visual aids is interest.The interest generated by visual images is so strong that visual aids are now widely used in many areas, not just speechmaking.Section B Reading Skills I.1.B 2.B 3.D Comprehension of the Text II.1.D 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.A 6.D 7.D 8.C Vocabulary III.1.available 2.banned 3.predict 4.fate 5.host 6.posted 7.advertise 8 enormous 9.involves 10.survey IV.1.out 2.from 3.out 4.for 5.to 6.up 7.in 8.in 9.through 10.about 新视野大学英语（第2版）第1册Unit 10答案 Vocabulary III.1.preserve 2.clarify 3.demonstrating 4.scarce 5.assured 6.ensured 7.conscience 8.integrity 9.yield 10.appointed IV.1.to 2.In 3.of 4.for 5.on/upon 6.of 7.in 8.at 9.to 10.with V.1.G 2.L 3.B 4.O 5.D 6.N 7.C 8.E 9.I 10.K Sentence Structure VI.1.Where I live there are plenty of sheep.2.Your coat is where you left it.3.I will go where you go.4.Where conscience remains integrity stays.5.Where he appears laughter can be heard.VII.1.What I say and do 2.what matters is not winning but participating 3.what we students should always keep in mind 4.what it takes to start and run a company 5.what we should do today Translation VIII.1.I keep the picture where I can see it very day as it reminds me of my university days.2.In some countries, what is called “equality” does not really mean equal rights for all people.3.He is used to keeping a dictionary at hand so that he can find the meaning of new words he comes across.4.When confronted with personal pressure, you should stand firmly for your belief that you will reach your ultimate goal.5.In other words, be yourself and face reality, but don’t sell out to convenience.6.I don’t like those people who always rely on external factors in order to feel good about themselves.IX.1.汤姆相信“为钱而挣钱”，他的许多老同学都认为他的把自己卖给了营利主义。

2.重要的是，你只有学会了尊重自己，才能赢得别人的尊重。

3.使他取得成功的是他的决心，他不甘屈服的精神，也可能还有他的正直。4.老师表扬了那些学习用功、考试考得好的学生。

大学英语第一册答案 篇5

I love the classroom.I love having classmates.There are forty students in my class right now, and I think it’s great.I even love having classmates who are better than me.And, Let’s not forget the smell of ink on paper, the sound of chalk on a blackboard, the hardness of a wooden bench or heat inside the classroom in early September.I love it all.But most of all, I love having a teacher—a ―real live‖ teacher.I get excited when I am in the classroom with a good teacher.I learn in a way that has been proven to work.I am given insight not only into a certain subject, but also into the world.我爱教室。我爱拥有的同学。有40个学生现在我班上,我觉得很好。我甚至喜欢拥有同学是比我更好。还有,我们不忘记纸上的墨迹的气味,声音的粉笔在黑板上,硬度木质长凳或热在9月初在教室里。我爱这一切。但最重要的是,我喜欢有一个teacher-a“真正的生活”的老师。我激动当我在教室,一个好老师。我学习的方式已经被证明可行。我有洞察力不仅投入到一个特定的主题,但也变成了世界。

What makes having a classroom teacher so special? A good teacher pushes me to succeed.A good teacher rewards me with praise when I have done well and stays positive and gives me hope when I am down.I don’t believe that a teacher using a virtual classroom can reach out to in the same way.A teacher communicating through the Internet cannot share the same type of relationship a classroom teacher and student share.是什么让拥有一个教室的老师如此特别?一个好老师逼迫我成功。一个好老师我报酬与赞美时,我做得很好,保持积极和带给我希望当我失落的时候。我不相信一个老师用虚拟教室也能接触到的相同的方式。一个老师在通过因特网不能共享同一类型的关系一个教室的老师和学生分享。

I guess that I am lucky to have had situation to so many excellent classroom teachers.I will never forget the kindness and commitment that those teachers have shown me Their examples make it hard for me to accept a way of learning that does not include them.You can me ―old-fashioned‖, but as long as there is a classroom, that’s where I will be learning.我猜,我很幸运有许多优秀的状况任课教师。我永远都不会忘记的仁慈与承诺,那些教师们告诉我他们的例子使我很难接受的方法来学习,不包括他们。你可以我“老式的”,但只要有一个教室,这就是我将学习。

(2)I’m not sure whether a ―generation gap‖ exists, but if it does, I hope I’m still standing on the youth’s side of the gap.I may be 50 and then some, but I still like to rock.When I was younger, I listened to all of the new rock and roll music , and I really got into it.But, listening to as well as rocking to new and unique music.I have to admin that rock and roll has changed since I was a teenager, but it is still about using rhythm to express feeling.(2)我不确定是否存在“代沟”,但如果这样做,我希望我还站在青年方面的差距。我可能是50,然后是有一些,但我仍然喜欢摇滚。当我年轻的时候,我听了所有的新摇滚音乐,我真的进入它。但是,听以及新的和独特的音乐震撼。我不得不管理那个摇滚已经改变了因为我是一个十几岁的少年,但它仍然是关于使用节奏表达的感觉。

Some of the changes have been very positive.Advances in technology made personal recording simple and given us access to music on the Internet Nowadays you can’t throw a stone without hitting someone that has made their own CD.You don’t have to just listen to music made and sold by big record companies.Many groups send their music straight to community radio stations This allows for truly new music to be heard that record companies have never even touched I play drums for one such group myself.一些非常积极的变化。技术上的进步使个人记录简单和给我们访问互联网音乐现在你不能把一块石头扔不打人,使得自己的CD。你不必仅仅听音乐的生产和销售的大型唱片公司。许多团体发送他们的音乐直接向社区广播站这允许真正全新的音乐是听说唱片公司从来没有被我打鼓为自己这样的一个组织。

My daughter is an actual teenager and she is thoroughly disgusted by my listening to and playing , as she puts it, ‖those awful tunes.‖ Classical music and playing the piano appeal to her.She pretends to show concern by making comments like ,‖You should turn that stuff down or you will hurt your ears, ‖but I know what she is really trying to say is upset ,though.And I don’t worry about my music having a(n)negative influence on her In any case ,she is probably right about my ears;I likely have lost some hearing from going to too many loud concert as I have.I can’t stay that it wasn’t worth it, though.If I had to it all over again I would do it all the same except I would protect my ears better

我的女儿是一个实际的十几岁的孩子和她是彻底的反感,我听和玩耍,正如她所说的,“那些可怕的曲调。“古典音乐和弹奏钢琴吸引她。她假装关心通过评论,像是“你应该把这些东西下来或者你会伤害到你的耳朵,“但我知道她是真正想说的是沮丧,虽然。和我不担心我的音乐有一个(n)负面的影响在任何情况下,她可能是对关于我的耳朵,我可能失去一些听到要太多的响亮的演唱会是我。我不能留在不值得,虽然。如果我必须重新来过,我还会这么做相同的除了我将保护我的耳朵好

(3)Do not put off until tomorrow the good you can do today.There are so many possibilities that can get in the way of a good or great deed Examples of people who missed out on good opportunities are everywhere , and when it is too late, they regret missing the chance to have been of service.Saying ―tomorrow‖ just once instead of doing some good may lead to a habit of saying ―tomorrow‖.and tomorrow may never come.One delay is followed by another , and matters get out of hand quickly ,even when attempts are made to correct them.(3)不拖到明天你今天能够做的好。有如此多的可能性,可以得到一个好或大好事的例子错过了好机会到处都是,当它是太迟了,他们后悔错过了机会,的服务。说“明天”只是一次而不是做一些好事可能导致一个习惯:说“明天”。而明天也许永远不会再来。紧接着是另一次延迟,问题失控的快,甚至当努力改正。

Therefore , we must take things on as soon as we see them.This is the secret to progress and success One good deed can awaken us to new and greater opportunities to help those around us ,and thus, make our life richer.One good turn leads to another , and thus, the good is made larger.Once something great has been achieved,we are free to set our sights on the next opportunity to help that arise Each new opportunity may be bigger and better than the last And so ,I urge you to use all your efforts to do what good you can today instead of tomorrow.因此,我们必须把东西只要我们看到它们。这是进步和成功的秘诀一件好事可以使我们意识到新的和更大的机会来帮助周围的人,并因此,让我们的生活变得更丰富。一个好的将导致另一个,因此,好消息是做出更大。一旦一些伟大已经实现,我们可以将我们的视野在接下来的机会帮助出现的每一个新的机会可能会比去年更大更好,因此,我建议你使用你的努力去做什么好你可以今天而不是明天。

Do not spend your time with thing that are neither good nor valuable.This will save you from mistake.If you are given a task that you do not believe is helpful ,delay it.Time will wash it away for you.At the same time, the beginnings of something positive will have built up.Do it at once!A kind word ,or a(n)service to others is never a waste of your time ,and you will reap the benefits of doing good and enjoy peace of mind.不要把你的时间和件既不好也不有价值的。这将会节省你的错误。如果你得到的是一个任务,你不相信是有帮助的,推迟。时间将会为你冲洗。同时,一些积极的开端就已经建立了。马上去做吧!一个亲切的话语,或一个(n)服务于他人是从不浪费你的时间,你将会收获的益处好和享受平和的心态。

(4)Standing in the door of Mr Murphy’s office ,I could see he was learned on something he was reading.He had both elbow on his desk, his head was resting on one hand and his other hand was cupped about his mouth.I knew that he was keeping his office hours and that student participation was encouraged ,but all the same , I was afraid to approach.Then ,as I turned to leave , my foot banged against the bottom of the door ,startling me and causing the professor to look up.His eyes had simply moved from the desk to me, but the rest of his physical body remained the same.He invited me in without gesture, just a ―Come in.What is it that you need? ‖ There was little if any warmth or tone in his voice;it wasn’t exactly encouragement Despite being intimidated, I made a conscious effort to relax and persuaded myself to smile and enter the room.―Mr.Murphy ,‖ the pitch of my voice rose as I begin my introduction I am sorry to interrupt.my name is Peter.I am in your second-period English class.(4)站在门口的墨菲先生的办公室,我能看到他从他读的东西。他有两肘放在他的桌子上,他的头靠着一只手和他的另一只手被捧他口中约。我知道他是把他的办公时间,学生参与深受鼓舞,但同样,我害怕的方法。然后,当我转身离开时,我的脚撞在门的底部,惊人的我,导致教授来查找。他的眼睛也只是简单地从桌子搬到我,但是他的身体其余部分保持不变。他邀请我在没有动作,只是一个“进来的。你需要什么?“几乎没有如果任何温暖或音调在他的声音;这并不完全是鼓励尽管受到恐吓,我做了一个有意识放松和说服自己微笑,进入这个房间。“奥。墨菲,”我的声音的音调玫瑰,我开始了我的介绍我抱歉打断了。我的名字叫彼得。我在你的十指关英语课。

“Peter did you say it was? ‖ he replied.His reaction disappointed me.It was apparent that I had not made much of an impression with the presentation I made in class last week.he said my name as if he would not have remembered it without my having stated it for him first –as though he were no more impressed than if he had encountered a beggar on the street He continued ,‖Do you have something you want to discuss with me , or do you just stop by to visit ?

“彼德你说,这是?“他回答说。他的反应让我很失望。很明显,我并没有产生多大的印象与演示我上周在教室做的。他说我的名字,他没有记得它没有我对他有表示,尽管他没有第一——更加印象深刻,比起如果在街上遇到一个乞丐,他继续说,“你有什么你想和我商量,或者你只是顺道参观吗?

In fact, I had stopped by to visit,but I was no longer feeling up to it and was looking for a fast exit.It seemed that the invitation he had extend in class ,‖ Drop by my office for a visit anytime.My door is always open.‖ was just a(n)empty gesture probably required by the school.I reach inside my bag and pulled out my English language textbook.I figured I can ask him a quick question rather than try to have a meaningful conversation.事实上,我顺道去拜访,但是我不再感觉它,正在寻找一个快速退出。情况似乎是这样的,他在课堂上邀请扩展,“掉到我办公室随时访问。我的大门永远是敞开的。“只是一个(n)空的姿态可能要求的学校。我进入我的袋子,拿出我的英语教材。我想我可以问他一个简单的问题,而不是试图展开有意义的对话。

(6)Let’s face it;young people entering the workforce today are lazy.I have heard just about as much complaint about today’s workplace I can take Contrary to the view young people seem to have that things were better for prior generations, the fact is that there have never been so many greats job for people wanting to enter the workforce.There are educational opportunities that have never exist before , and the standard of living is getting better all the time.Frankly, people who lack courage and commitment shouldn’t blame anyone but themselves for not taking the opportunities that are there for them.(6)让我们面对它吧,进入工作的年轻人今天很懒。我只听到一样抱怨如今的职场中我可以采取相反观点的年轻的人似乎认为事情更前几辈人,事实是,从未有如此多的伟大工作的人想要进入劳动力市场。有教育机会,从未出现之前,和生活标准的越来越好的时间。坦率地说,那些缺乏勇气和决心不应该怪罪任何人但自己不利用这个机会,他们。

My first job was working as a trashman.I hauled trash for six years before I got promoted to the position of manager.I wasn’t scared of hard work.By the time the day was finished , my shoulder would hurt ,but I never complainted I even assisted others and worked extra hours when I was needed.Unfortunately , young people today seem to be lacking the same desire I had to work hard.我的第一份工作是作为一个知道垃圾工在他们眼里。我把垃圾的六年前我被提升为经理的职位。我并不害怕的辛勤工作。一天的时间就完成了,我的肩膀受伤,但我从来没有恨我甚至帮助他人和加班当我还是需要的。不幸的是,今天的年轻人似乎缺乏同样的愿望我不得不努力工作。

I can boast that I never quit a job without being offered a better one.We can’t all start out at the top.Most of us need to pay out dues and work from the bottom up.After managing the small company for which I hauled garbage I found a job with the city public works office managing a small department.Now ,after 25 years of working in the garbage business , I manage all of the city’s trash removal.Along the way I learned that a job well done is never looked down on, and the person who does it will always triumph.我可以吹嘘我永不放弃的工作没有被提供一个更好的人。我们不能开始都在顶部。我们大多数人需要支付会费和自底向上地工作。管理小公司后,我把垃圾我找到一份工作与城市公共工程办公室管理一个小部门。现在,经过25年的工作在垃圾生意,我管理所有的城市垃圾清除。一路上我得知工作顺利完成,从来不是看不起,人谁没有它将总是成功。

Where is the ―can do‖ attitude that makes our country great ? It doesn’t matter what you do, as long as you work hard and do your best.Young people need to commence with finding a line of employment that needs them , and quit looking for perfection in their initial position.If work were supposed to be enjoyable, it wouldn’t be called ―work‖.哪里是“可以做”的态度,使我们国家伟大吗?做什么都无所谓,只要你努力工作,做最好的自己。年轻人需要着手寻找一线的工作需要他们,别再找完美的初始位置。如果工作应该是愉快的,那就不能称之为“工作”。

(8)I think I am like many people in that I have better ideas in my sleep than when I am awake.And, like most people, I have a hard time dragged myself from my bed or even rolling over to write some of what I have dreamt in a notebook that I have left on the nightstand.I have often tried but most of the time I am unable to do justice to my dream.The dream is always more detailed than what I write down.Dreams are like water;the different parts of your conscious brain just seem to flow together into strange stories.(8)我想我喜欢很多人,我有更好的想法在我睡觉时相比,我是醒着的。并且,像大多数人一样,我很难从床上拖着自己甚至打滚写一些我所梦想的笔记本中,我已经离开放在床头柜上。我经常尝试,但大多数时候我无法得到我的梦想。梦想总是更详细的比我写下来。梦就像是水;你的大脑的不同部分似乎只是流成奇怪的故事。

I have a hard time explaining why things in my dreams happen.Why is there a dog in a pink dress running up the stairs in a church I’ve never been in before ? why do I often fly in my dreams, as though I am driving a car that does not exist, in a sitting position only a few feet from the ground? The following is an even greater mystery;why do dreams feel so real when I am dreaming and shortly after I wake up , but make less sense the longer I am awake? Sometimes my dreams really tell a story and I am completely entertained.I say to myself right after I wake up, ‖Wow , that would make a great movie.‖ I try to hold on to the story, but it isn’t easy.As soon as I get a chance ,I tell the story to the next person I see.I am always surprised when they are not impressed.They say something like, ‖Well, I’m sure it was very meaningful for you.‖ Either I have failed to capture the dream with my words, or the dream is only important to me , I guess we are all seeking a little meaning in our dreams : some deep dark secret we have hidden in our subconscious or a recipe for our own happiness.It would make our task a lot easier, though, if there were a better way to record them.我很难解释为什么事情发生在我的梦里。为什么有一只狗在一条粉红色的裙子奔上楼梯在教堂里,我从来没有过吗?为什么我经常只苍蝇在我的梦想,虽然我开车,不存在,在坐姿只有几英尺的地面?以下是一个更大的谜团;为什么感觉那么真实梦想当我在做梦,我醒来后不久,但缺乏意义时间越长,我醒了吗?有时我的梦真的讲述一个故事,我完全娱乐。我对自己说当我醒来时,“哇,这可以成为一个伟大的电影。“我试图抓住这个故事,但这并不容易。只要我一有机会,我告诉这个故事给下一个人我看到。我总是惊讶的时候很不以为然。他们这样说,“好吧,我敢肯定,这是对你非常有意义。“要么我未能捕获梦想我的话,或梦想只是对我来说很重要,我想我们都在寻找一个小的意义的梦想:一些深暗的秘密,我们有藏在我们的潜意识或配方为自己的幸福。它将使我们的任务变得容易很多,不过,如果有一个更好的方法来记录它们。

(9)In a lecture to the student body, professor Warrick introduced a new method of study.Calling this method fantastic, he said that it would give students an advantage over their classmates.He also blamed it would help in unlocking their true potential.When the lecture was over, students applauded the professor.So it’s obvious that they were believed.Whether they should believe in what Warrick had to say, however, is worth investigating.(9)在一个讲座到学生,教授华立克引进了一种新的学习方法。调用该方法太棒了,他说,这将让学生胜过他们的同学。他还认为它将有助于释放其真正的潜力。当讲座结束后,学生都教授。所以很明显,他们相信。他们是否应该相信什么华立克不得不说,然而,是一个值得研究。

Warrick says that the mysterious forces of excellent are within every individual.These forces, he says, can be freed through the right labors.That is, if students tune their concentration through certain mental exercises, they can improve amount on their schoolwork.These exercises include such activities as listening to special music while sleeping.He also suggests vitamins.Everything necessary is sold by Warrick himself.华立克说,这种神秘力量在每个个体的优秀。这些力量,他说,可以通过正确的劳动被释放。即,如果学生通过某些调整他们的集中精神的练习,它们可以提高在他们的家庭作业数量。这些演习等活动包括听特别的音乐而睡。他还建议维生素。任何需要卖华立克本人。

As one can imagine, Warrick has profited greatly by selling products to hopeful students Already, he has made millions of dollars.And his lecture tours have made him a national hero.This wouldn’t be bad if he was actually assisting students.If student were reaching the peaks he promised, there wouldn’t be a problem.After some analysis, however, one can see that this is not the case.Follow—up studies of students who have used warrick’s methods have been done.These studies show his methods have no effect whatsoever.Performance is not enhanced by his methods.Few students are aware of this ,however.作为一个可以想象,华立克获利巨大的产品销售给充满希望的学生已经,他已经赚了好几百万美元。和他的演讲之旅,他已经成为了国家英雄。这不会是坏的,如果他实际上是帮助学生。如果学生已经达到了峰值他承诺,就不会有问题。经过分析,然而,你会发现情况并非如此。后续研究的学生使用华立克的方法已经完成。这些研究显示出他的方法都没有效果。性能是由他的方法不是增强。一些学生意识到这一点,然而。

(10)Is integrity fashionable? Is a strong sense of morality something that we presently desire? What would it cost to tempt a person to sell out their conscience? Many experts on group behavior are posing tough questions to find out where as a group our inner compass is pointing.(10)诚信是时尚吗?是一个强烈的道德感,一些我们目前的渴望吗?它会是什么样的成本吸引人出卖自己的良知?许多专家对群体行为面临棘手的问题找出作为一个群体我们内在的指南针指向。

If the bank put $1,000 in your account by mistake , would you keep it or tell the bank? If you were given by mistake a better grade on your report card than you earned, would you tell the school or would you keep quiet and keep the better mark? It is interesting because almost everyone said that the right thing to do would be to make the truth known, and yet a high percentage of the people conceded that they would actually keep quiet in both cases.How can we know what is right, yet fail to demonstrate it in our actions?

如果银行把1000美元在您的帐户是一种错误,你会保持或告诉银行吗?如果你有一个更好的分数误你成绩单上比你应得的,请告诉你的学校或者你会保持安静,保持更好的马克吗?这很有趣,因为几乎每个人都说,正确的做法,是揭示真理的,然而高百分比的人承认,他们会保持安静,在这两种情况下。我们怎样才能知道什么是正确的,但未能证明它在我们的行动吗?

What if, in the first instance, your grandmother happened to need assistance with some medical costs? Almost everyone said they would keep the money and help their grandmother.What is fascinating is that in this case, almost half of the people surveyed said that keeping the money was also the right thing to do Even those who said that it was wrong to keep the money thought they could keep the money when the purpose was for their grandmother’s health.如果,在第一种情况下,你的祖母恰巧需要援助和一些医疗成本?几乎每个人都表示,他们将继续他们的祖母的金钱和帮助。有意思的是,在这种情况下,几乎一半的受访者表示,把这些钱也要做的正确的事情甚至有些人说这是错误的以为他们可以把钱时保持资金的目的都是为了他们的祖母的健康。

大学英语第一册答案 篇6

基础训练（含单元评价卷）语文九年级全一册

参考答案

课时练习部分参考答案

第一单元 沁园春 雪 第一课时

预习反馈

一、B 【解析】“汗”读hán。

二、D 【解析】“天娇”应为“天骄”。

三、D

四、1.毛泽东 润之 词牌名 题目 2.山舞银蛇，原驰蜡象，欲与天公试比高 3.须晴日，看红装素裹，分外妖娆 4.江山如此多娇，引无数英雄竞折腰 5.俱往矣，数风流人物，还看今朝

五、第一层（第1～3句）：总写北国雪景。第二层（第4～10句）：具体描写北国风光。第三层（第11～13句）：想象雪后北国风光。感知探究

1.长城黄河山脉高原广阔博大宽广雄伟旷达 2.“北国风光，千里冰封，万里雪飘。”在内容上，勾画出一幅北方雄伟壮观的雪景概貌图；在结构上，总领起下文的描写，为下文具体分写雪景作好铺垫。3.比喻、拟人。以“舞”字形容群山披雪似“银蛇”逶迤曲折，以“驰”字形容白雪覆盖的高原如“蜡象”奔腾，极为传神地把冰封雪盖的群山、高原写活了，赋静景以动态，使之生机勃勃。

第二课时

感知探究

1.“惜”是可惜、叹惜、惋惜，有美中不足之意。概括了历代英雄人物的文治不足，定下对他们的评论基调，饱含惋惜之情而又有批判，措辞极有分寸。“惜”字领起从“秦皇汉武”到“只识弯弓射大雕”几句。2.《诗经》中的《国风》和《楚辞》中的《离骚》 文学才华 嬴政 刘彻 李世民 赵匡胤 他们是按历史顺序排列的 3.能建功立业的英雄人物。表达了词人对无产阶级革命者和人民大众的赞美之情，也抒发了作为无产阶级革命家的伟大抱负。“今朝”是一个新的时代，新的时代需要新的风流人物。“今朝”的风流人物背负历史的使命，超越了历史上的英雄人物，具有更卓越的才能，并且必将创造空前伟大的业绩，这是词人坚定的自信和伟大的抱负，也是全词的主题。（意思对即可）

4.“略输”和“稍逊”等词语，既不全盘肯定，又不一笔抹杀，把诗人对历史上的英雄人物肯定中寓有批判的情感，委婉、含蓄地表达出来。拓展提升

一、②④⑤

二、1.时间：寒秋。地点：橘子洲头。事件：“我”在橘子洲头眺望湘江。2.（1）象征着燎原的革命之火。（2）象征着波澜壮阔的革命潮流。（3）象征着饥寒交迫的奴隶挣脱枷锁，成为天下的主人。3.【示例1】“击”写出了雄鹰展翅奋发，搏击长空的强劲有力。【示例2】“翔”写出了鱼儿在清澈的水中自由轻快地游动，像在空中飞翔一样的特点。相关链接

1.表现了作者突见春草萌芽时惊喜的心情。（语意相近即可）2.第3、4句运用拟人的修辞方法，把白雪描绘得美好而富有情趣，表现了它带给人的欣喜之感。白雪等不及春色的姗姗来迟，特意穿树飞花，装点出一派春色，突出了雪通人情的灵性。雨说 第一课时

预习反馈

一、1.pǔ 2.zhì 3.gù 4.qiǎngbǎo 5.喑 6.缕 7.蓑 8.笠

二、C【解析】应是轻快、喜悦的语气。

三、B

四、1.郑愁予 2.拟人 春天 爱 对儿童浓浓的关爱之情 对祖国未来真诚的祝福

五、在诗中，“雨”是一个春天使者的形象，一个鼓励孩子们自由欢笑、勇敢生活的爱的天使的形象。感知探究

1.这是全诗的打头一句，“四月”巧妙地表明题目中的“雨”指的是春雨，暗示时代背景，预示了雨的“出场”，又使人感到某种久久的期待和强烈的愿望。此句如同戏剧中的话外音，又如同戏剧中的舞台说明，为全诗的感情确定了明确的基调。2.细节描写：田圃禁锢着种子，牧场失去牛羊的踪迹，鱼塘留滞着游鱼，小溪喑哑歌不成调子。好处：这样写突出了四月的大地对雨的到来盼望之久、盼望之迫切。3.回环往复，一咏三叹。作用：线索清晰，结构完整，抒情性强。4.补充正标题，点明了写作对象，概括了诗的内容，有利于对诗歌内容的理解，表明了对中国儿童的期待和祝愿，也是对中国美好未来的祝愿。

第二课时

感知探究

一、1.这首诗主要采用了拟人手法。使这首诗具有亲切感人、活泼欢快、充满情趣的风格，它契合儿童的心理，能打动孩子们稚嫩的童心。2.比喻、拟人。形象生动地表现出雨像爱的使者一样温柔可亲。3.只有孩子们欢笑起来，才真正意味着春天的来临，才真正看得到大地的希望。

二、好雨知时节 当春乃发生 随风潜入夜 润物细无声 青箬笠 绿蓑衣 斜风细雨不须归 拓展提升

一、【示例】雨后春笋 风雨交加 雨过天晴 呼风唤雨 凄风苦雨 风雨同舟 风霜雨雪 风雨无阻 翻云覆雨 风雨如晦 满城风雨 汗如雨下 风雨飘摇 血雨腥风

二、1.因为这片槐树叶来自“故国”，沾着“故国”的泥土，所以它是“最美的”“最珍奇，最可宝贵的”一片。因为它离开了哺育它的泥土，离开了生长它的枝干，所以它又是“最使人伤心，最使人流泪”的一片。2.虚实相生，大大拓展了思念的范围——大陆的每一座城市、每一寸土地，都是值得怀念的。

3.C【解析】诗的第1节写的是视觉意象，而结尾“淡淡的槐花香”则是清香逸远的嗅觉意象，视觉、嗅觉交错，加强了诗的感染力。4.现在 过去 将来 伤感 回忆 企望 星星变奏曲

预习反馈

一、1.mì 2.wâi 3.juàn 4.chàn 5.朦 6.烁 7.覆 8.僵

二、星星、诗、蜜蜂、萤火虫、睡莲、春天、鸟、白丁香 冰雪、冻僵的夜晚、僵硬的土地、被风吹落的星星 对黑暗冰冷的现实的否定，抒发对理想的向往和追求，以及虽然迷茫失落而不失坚定的希望 感知探究

1.第2节和第1节用了同样的结构、相近的句式和递进式的比喻，但句子的语气已从肯定变为否定，内容由对光明的向往转为对现实的否定，意境由温馨美好转为寒冷严酷，从而构成主题与变奏的关系。2.二者都有数目众多、纷繁复杂、变化多端、引人注目的特点。（意思对即可）3.不好。“涌出”一词能生动形象地表现出星星出现得多、快，而“冒出”就没有这种效果。（言之有理即可）4.（1）“燃烧”代表在寻求自由和光明的过程中所作的牺牲，“寂寞”则突出了这种寻求过程的孤独。（2）这句话运用了暗喻的修辞方法，表明写“苦难的诗”时所受到的束缚和不自由使人心灵颤抖，感到寒冷孤寂。拓展提升

一、【示例1】如果我是一张白纸／我会让人们在我身上记事、算题/如果我是一根蜡烛／我会默默给人们带来光亮 【示例2】谁不愿意呼吸新鲜的空气／谁不愿意沐浴温暖的阳光／谁不愿意吮吸甘甜的雨露／谁不愿意拥有美好的生活／可是，人类肆意的破坏／使这一切都变成了虚幻

二、1.“快乐”“欢乐”“乐趣”等词语体现了萤火虫乐观而又充满生活激情的性格。2.“微小”是指萤火虫的形体很小，但它不因形体小而自惭形秽，却放出光芒，与一切光芒并存于世，冲破黑暗，足见其“不渺小”。3.“横看成岭侧成峰，远近高低各不同。”客观事物往往具有多面性，同一个事物观察的角度不同，得到的结果也会不同。当你选取了不同于他人的独特视角，你的思维就有可能是令人耳目一新的创新思维。选取独特的视角要有多元化的思维、创造性的思维，我们要学会从不同角度去看问题。相关链接

1.崇尚 2.可以说，中国的哲学智慧，集中体现在一个“和”字上。3.它不仅是中华民族的基本精神和基本特质，也是中国哲学和中国文化的最高价值标准。外国诗两首

预习反馈

一、1.qī 2.róng 3.rǎng 4.xuān 5.篱 6.幽 7.寂 8.晕

二、1.栖息 2.沉醉 3.沉寂

三、1.夸张 2.比喻 3.拟人 4.拟人

四、1.济慈 浪漫主义 2.叶赛宁 静谧 美丽 安适 宁静 感知探究

一、1.盛夏景象：“所有的鸟儿因骄阳而昏晕”“隐藏在阴凉的林中”“新割的草地”“可喜的草丛”。冬日景象：“在寂寞的冬天夜晚，当严霜凝成/一片宁静”“逐渐升高的暖气”。诗歌将蝈蝈与蛐蛐的歌声与环境对比，从而达到以静衬动的效果。2.这些诗句是诗人的联想，他将前后两幅画面叠印在一起，让冬天“蛐蛐的歌儿”呼应盛夏“蝈蝈的乐音”，从而交织成一首此起彼伏的“从来不会死亡”“从来没有停息”的“大地的诗歌”。

二、把夜莺、秧鸡、溪水、明月、大自然等当做人来写，赋予它们以人的动作、情感，给人以亲切自然的感觉，更能生动形象地表现出夜的诗情画意，使这首诗更富有感染力。拓展提升

一、【示例】洁白的冬天，水瘦山寒，玉树琼枝，沉默的自然孕育着希望与梦想

大学英语第一册答案 篇7

一、新的小学数学教材的具体内容归纳

(一) “数与代数”的内容

1.数的认识含整数、分数、小数、百分数、负数。2.数的运算有加法、减法、乘法、除法、简单的乘方及运算定理、性质、公式等。运算形式有口算、笔算、估算、计算器的计算。3.从整除关系认识整数, 内容有因数与最大公因数、倍数与最小公倍数、质数与合数, 奇数与偶数等概念以及2、3、5的倍数的特征。4.常见的量内容有时间单位、货币单位、质量单位、长度单位、面积单位、体积单位等的认识。5.式与方程内容有用字母表示数, 用方程表示等量关系, 等式的性质解简易方程。6.比和比例内容有概念、基本性质、成比例和反比例的量, 按比例分配等。7.应用题内容有整数应用题、分数应用题 (含百分数应用题) 。8.探索规律内容有在数列中, 在算式中, 在图形列中探索规律。

(二) 空间与图形的内容

1.图形的认识的内容有: (1) 四体 (长方体、正方体、圆柱体、圆锥体) 的认识。 (2) 五线[直线、线段、射线、平行、相交 (包括垂直) ]。 (3) 六角 (直角、平角、锐角、钝角、周角、圆心角) 的认识。 (4) 七形 (长方形、正方形、三角形、平行四边形、梯形、圆形、扇形) 的认识。2.测量内容。 (1) 图形测量中度量“单位”和度量“量”的认识。 (2) 长度、面积、体积的测量。 (3) 图形的运动的平移、旋转和轴对称现象和镜面对称现象等。 (4) 图形的位置内容确定物体的相对位置即“上、下、左、右、前、后”及辨认方向是通过“东、西、南、北”的绝对位置确定的, 话6路线图及用比例尺定量刻画物体的位置。

(三) “统计与概念”的内容

1.第一学段统计内容为数据统计活动初步, 第二学段为简单统计过程。2.“概率”的内容在第一学段为不确定现象, 第二学段为可能性。

(四) “综合与实践”内容

1.按学习形式有: (1) 数学调查; (2) 专题研究; (3) 数学游戏; (4) 数学制作; (5) 数学实验。

2.按学习特点有: (1) 综合性。a.数学与生活实际的综合;b.数学学科与其它学科的综合;c.数学内部知识之间的综合。 (2) 探索性:注意学生自主参与, 全过程参与, 重视学生积极动脑、动手、动口。 (3) 开放性:强调富有个性的学习活动过程, 关注学生在这一过程中获得的丰富多彩的学习体验和个性化的创造性表现其学习方式、活动过程和结果、评价均具有开放性。

二、小学数学教材教法第一册即小学数学理论知识教材内容, 由人民教育出版社出版的小学数学教材教法第一册内容

(一) 第一章整数:介绍整数的概念。运算 (加法、减法、乘法、除法) 、运算法则、运算性质、整数应用题解法等。 (二) 第二章整数的性质, 内容包括因数和最大公因数, 倍数和最小公倍数, 质数和合数, 奇数和偶数等概念以及部分数的整除特征。 (三) 第三章分数内容有分数的概念和性质, 分数的四则运算, 分数应用题。 (四) 第四章小数内容有小数的概念和性质, 小数的四则运算, 小数与分数的互化, 百分数, 近似计算。 (五) 第五章量的计算内容有量的概念, 量的计量、计量单位, 各数的概念、互化, 四则运算。

三、小学数学教材内容与小学数学理论知识教材内容情况比较

(一) “数与代数”的内容少式与方程, 比和比例, 探索规律。 (二) “空间与图形”的内容整体没有。 (三) “统计与概念”的内容整体没有。 (四) “综合与实践”的内容大部分没有。

四、高职师范学院学生目前的现状

有定向生和非定向生 (初中毕业生) 他们成绩参杂不齐, 高的中考有600分, 低的只有200分, 是兜底的学生, 文化基础知识薄弱, 小学、初中的知识很多没学好, 在师范学习中非常吃力, 难以完成教学任务。特别是在学生实习指导过程中, 我经常发现师范生对数学概念不清楚, 在讲解时经常出现科学性错误。例如:0.9 9循环<1, 角不是图形, 周长、长度、面积的关系与区别, 多次抛硬币是可能性事件还是相互独立事件不清楚等。这主要原因是在小学、初中没有学好, 再加上师范教材没有有关内容, 没有再学习, 其次没有教学参考资料查阅, 所以造成以上情况。

五、师范教材对师范生学习的重要性及对教材研发的建议

师范教材是根据培养目标和实际需要, 为师范教学应用而编造的材料, 为师生开展教学活动之蓝本。而小学数学教材教法的理论教材还是2001年出版, 至今已经14年了, 与现行的小学教材相差甚远, 根本不符合目前教学的需要。高职师范生最终就业方向是基础教育教学, 他们的学业水平直接关系到今后的教学, 建议从以下方面加强高职师范教材研发:

(一) 专业教材要加强公共基础知识、专业理论知识相互融合, 学科之间、知识之间融会贯通。 (二) 及时修订升级教材, 编写的教材要科学、全面、实用、超前, 特别要把小学教材中有的内容, 而小学理论知识教材没有内容编入教材。 (三) 还要为教师配备教材教法方面的教师用书, 为师生提供电子教学参考资料。 (四) 如果编的教材内容过多, 教学时数不够, 可以将小学教学内容的第四块“综合与实践”编入教师参考书内, 以备查阅。

大学英语第一册答案 篇8

[关键词]文言文注释 通假字 古今字 异体字

“三字”指的是通假字、古今字和异体字。由于语言的发展，用字问题成为阅读文言文的一个障碍，也成为影响学生提高阅读文言文能力的一个因素。

高中文言文注释中只有“某，通某”和“某，同某”两种形式，只用这两种形式给通假字、古今字和异体字三种用字情况注释，并常有混用现象，势必造成学生对用字问题的不理解。目前，训诂学界普遍认为“某，通某”训释通假字；“某，同某”训释异体字，“某，后来写作某”来训释古今字。如果高中课本都能采用这种形式，就可让人一目了然；另一方面，与一些工具书与古代汉语书籍使用相同的注释术语，也有利于学生课外阅读和查阅工具书。

⑴若舍郑以为东道主，行李之往来，共其乏困。——《烛之武退秦师》

原注：共，通“供”，供给。

按：甲骨文中，“共”像左右两只手捧着一件物品。《说文》：“共，同也。”许慎认为，“共”的本义是“同”。这不妥。因为“共”字的甲骨文，是双手“供奉”一件物品，所以其本义应为“供”。如《周礼·夏官》中的：“共其羊牲。”《古汉语常用字字典》：共⑤供给，供应。后作“供”。共，本义为共同，引申为供给，这个意义后来写作“供”。因此，共与供是古今字，而不是通假字。正确的解释为：共，后来写作“供”，供给，供应。

⑵秦伯说，与郑人盟。——《烛之武退秦师》

原注：说，通悦。

按：“说”与“悦”应是古今字的关系。“说”的本义是行解，解释。《说文》：“说，说释也。从言兑。一曰谈说也。”段注：“说释，即悦怿。说悦，释怿，皆古今字。许书无悦怿二字也。说释者，开解之意，故为喜悦。采部口：‘释，解也。’”“说”因有喜悦，解释。谈说等义，后另加偏旁忄，另选一个“悦”字，以“分其一义”。所以，“说”与“悦”是古今字，正确的注释应该为：“说，后来写作悦，高兴。”

⑶ 失其所与，不知。——《烛之武退秦师》

原注：知：通“智”。

按：《说文·五下·矢部》：“知，词也，从口、从矢。”段玉裁注：“此‘词也’之上当有‘识’字。‘知’‘智’义同。故‘知’作‘智’。”“识词者”有“知（智）”，所以段在《白部》“智”字下说：“此与《矢部》‘知’音义相同。”清代徐灏在《说文解字注笺·矢部》说到：“知，智慧即知识之引申，故古只作知。”

所以，知与智是古今字，正确的解释是：知，后来写作“智”，明智。

⑷ 日三四里，少益耆食，和于身也。——《触龙说赵太后》

原注：耆，通嗜，喜爱。

按：《说文·八上·老部》：“耆，老也，从老省，旨声。”又《二上·口部》：“嗜欲，喜之也。从口，耆声。”段玉裁认为这二字可以通用。其实，这样判定有误。

表面上看，作为老人的“耆”与作为“嗜欲”的“嗜”没有什么联系，但是它们都从“旨”这个根词派生而来。耆从旨得声，义亦兼得。“旨”有味美的意思，“耆”除了“老人”的意思之外，还可以指兽类的里脊肉，这种肉最适合烧烤，并且味道鲜美，于是与“旨”的意义发生联系。清代徐灝作《说文解字注笺》明确指出：“耆从旨，即有嗜义。故古字以耆为嗜，后乃加口旁耳。”

因此，“耆”与“嗜”是一对古今字，而非通假字，课文的注释应改为“耆，后来写作嗜，喜爱。”

⑸祝曰：“必勿使反”。—— 《触龙说赵太后》

原注：反，同“返”。

新注：反，后来写作“返”，返回。

《古汉语常用字字典》反⑤返回，回到，后来写作“返”。“反”的本义是反覆《说文》：“反，覆也。从又厂，反形。”《说文系传》认为“又，反手也；厂，象物之反覆。”《说文通训定声》认为：“反谓反覆，其掌也。”后引申为违反，反叛，相反，返回等义。”反字因“本字多义”，另加偏旁，新造一个“返”字，以“分其一义”。

因此，“反”与“返”是古今字。

综上所述，文言文中的注释问题应是高中语文教学中的一项重要内容。但是现行的新版高中语文课本对于注释问题的处理存在很多问题，会给教学带来一定的困难。在此，我希望编者能够对文言文的注释进行深入考究，力求准确、完美。

参考文献

[1] 人民教育出版社中学语文室．语文(第一册)[M]．北京：人民教育出版社，2002．P86-108.