高考英语陷阱题动词时态详解

高考英语陷阱题动词时态详解（精选6篇）

高考英语陷阱题动词时态详解 篇1

高考英语陷阱题总结归纳--动词时态

◆典型陷阱题分析◆

1. “I _____ his telephone number.” “I have his number, but I ____ to bring my phone book.”

A. forget, forget B. forgot, forgot

C. forget, forgot D. forgot, forget

【陷阱】容易误选A，认为“忘记”是现在的事。

【分析】仔细体会一下对话的语境：第一个人说“我忘记他的电话号码了”，这个“忘记”应该是现在的情况，即现在忘记了，要不然就没有必要同对方说此话了，故第一空应填 forget；第二个人说“我有他的号码，但我忘记带电话本了”，这个“忘记”应该是过去的情况，即过去忘记带电话本，所以现在电话本不在身上（注意句中的转折连词 but），故第二空应填 forgot，即答案选应C.请再看一例：

- Oh, I ______ where he lives.

- Don’t you carry your address book？

No, I ______ to bring it.

A. forget, forget B. forgot, forgot

C. forget, forgot D. forgot, forget

答案选C，理由同上。

2. I had hoped to see her off at the station, but I _____ too busy.

A. was B. had been

C. would be D. would have been

【陷阱】容易误选B或D，认为前句用了had hoped，所以此句谓语要用B或D与之呼应。

【分析】但正确答案为A，前一句谓语用had hoped，表示的是过去未曾实现的想法或打算，可以译为“本想”，而后一句说“我太忙”，这是陈述过去的一个事实，所以要用一般过去时。请做以下类似试题（答案均为A）：

（1） We had hoped to catch the 10：20 train, but _____ it was gone.

A. found B. had found

C. would find D. would have found

（2） We had hoped that you would be able to visit us, but you _____.

A. didn’t B. hadn’t

C. needn’t D. would not have

（3） We had wanted to come to see him, but we ____ no time.

A. had B. had had

C. would have D. would have had

（4） I had expected to come over to see you last night, but someone ______ and I couldn’t get away.

A. called B. had called

C. would call D. would have called

（5） The traffic accident wouldn’t have happened yesterday, but the driver _______ really careless.

A. was B. is

C. were D. had been

3. Dear me！ Just _____ at the time！ I _____ no idea it was so late.

A. look, have B. looking, had

C. look, had D. looking, have

【陷阱】此题容易误选D，认为第一空用现在分词表伴随，第二空填 have 的一般现在时，以保持与前面时态的一致性。

【分析】其实，此题应选C，第一空应填 look, 因为这是祈使句的谓语；第二空应填 had，因为前一句说“看看时间吧”，这一看当然知道了现在很迟的情形，“不知道这么迟了”显然应是“过去”的事，故应用一般过去时态，许多同学由于忽略这一隐含的语境而误选。

4. “Your phone number again？ I _____ quite catch it.” “It’s 4331577”

A. didn’t B. couldn’t

C. don’t D. can’t

【陷阱】此题容易误选C，认为此处要用一般现在时态，表示现在“没听清对方的话”。

【分析】其实，此题答案应选A，根据上文的语境“请把你的电话号码再说一遍好吗？”可知“没听清对方的电话号码”应是在说此话以前，故应用一般过去时态。请看以下类似试题：

（1） “Mr Smith isn’t coming tonight.” “ But he _____.”

A. promises B. promised

C. will promise D. had promised

答案选B，“他答应（要来）”应发生在过去。

（2） “Hey, look where you are going！” “Oh, I’m terribly sorry. _____.”

A. I’m not noticing B. I wasn’t noticing

C. I haven’t noticed D. I don’t notice

答案选B，“我没注意”是对方提醒之前的事，现经对方一提醒，当然注意到了。

（3） “Oh it’s you！ I ________ you.” “I’ve had my hair cut.”

A. didn’t realize B. haven’t realized

C. didn’t recognize D. don’t recognized

答案选C.“没认出是你”是说此话之前的事，说此话时显然已经认出了对方。

（4） “What’s her new telephone number？” “Oh, I _____.”

A. forget B. forgot

C. had forgotten D. am forgetting

此题应选A，从语境上看，“忘记”的时间应是现在，即指现在不记得了。

（5） “Since you’ve agreed to go, why aren’t you getting ready？” “But I ______ that you would have me start at once.”

A. don’t realize B. didn’t realize

C. hadn’t realized D. haven’t realized

答案选B.“没意识到”是对方提醒之前的事。

（6） “It’s twelve o’clock, I think I must be off now.” “Oh, really？ I ______ it at all.”

A. don’t realize B. haven’t realized

C. didn’t realize D. hadn’t realized

答案选C.“没意识到”是在听到的话之前的事。

5. Mr Smith ______ a book about China last year but I don’t know whether he has finished it.

A. has written B. wrote

C. had written D. was writing

【陷阱】容易误选B或C.

【分析】此题应选D，这是由 but I don’t know whether he has finished it 这一句话的语境决定的，全句意为“史密斯先生去年在写一本书，但我不知道他现在是否写完了”。有的同学可能由于受 last year的影响而误选B.但若选B，则句子前半部分的意思则变为“史密斯先生去年写了一本书”，既然是“写了”，那么这与下文的“但我不知道他现在是否写完了”相矛盾。

6. He has changed a lot. He _______ not what he _______.

A. is, is B. was, was

C. is, was D. was, is

【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。

【分析】最佳答案选C，上文说“他”变化很大，即“他”现在不是过去的那个样子了，故第一空填is，第二空填 was（其实第二空也可用 used to be）。请看类例：

“What place is it？” “Haven’t you found out we _____ back where we ______？”

A. were, had been B. have been, are

C. are, were D. are, had been

答案选C，We are back where we were 的意思是“我们（现在）又回到刚才来过的地方”。

7. He is very busy. I don’t know if he _____ or not tomorrow.

A. come B. comes

C. will come D. is coming

【陷阱】此题容易误选B.认为 if 引导的是条件状语从句，从句谓语要用一般现在时表示将来意义。

【分析】其实，此题答案应选C，句中if引导的不是条件状语从句（即if≠如果），而是宾语从句（即if＝是否），句意为“他很忙，我不知道明天他是否会来。”请看以下类似试题：

（1） I don’t know if she _____, but if she ____ I will let you know.

A. comes, comes B. will come, will come

C. comes, will come D. will come, comes

答案选 D，第一个 if 引导的是宾语从句，第二个 if 引导的是条件状语从句。

（2） “When _____ he come？” “I don’t know, but when he _____, I’ll tell you.”

A. does, comes B. will, will come

C. does, will come D. will, comes

答案选 D，第一个 when 疑问副词，用于引出一个特殊疑问句；第二个 when是从属连词，用于引导时间状语从句。

（3） “When he _____ is not known yet.” “But when he ____, he will be warmly welcomed.”

A. comes, comes B. will come, will come

C. comes, will come D. will come, comes

答案选 D，第一个 when 引导的是主语从句，第二个 when引导的是时间状语从句。

8. The bridge, which _____ 1688, needs repairing.

A. is dated from B. was dated from

C. dates from D. dated from

【陷阱】此题容易误选B或D，认为句中用了 1688 这个过去时间，所以应选过去时态，又因为 date from 不用于被动语态，所以只能选D.

【分析】其实此题的最佳答案应是C，因为 date from 的意思是“自某时起存在至今”（＝have existed since），它通常用于一般现在时，而不用过去时态（尽管其后接的总是表示过去的时间）。如：

The church dates from 1176. 这座教堂是六世纪建的。

The castle dates from the 14th century. 这座城堡是14世纪建的。

但若所谈论的东西现在已不复存在，则可用一般过去时。如：

The church, which dated from the 13th century, was destroyed in an earthquake two years ago. 那座教堂是13世纪建成的，两年前在一次地震中被毁了。

注：与 date from 同义的 date back to 也有类似用法。

9. “You’ve left the light on.” “Oh, so I have. _____ and turn it off.”

A. I’ll go B. I’ve gone

C. I go D. I’m going

【陷阱】容易误选D.

【分析】A和D两者均可表示将来，填入空格处似乎都可以。但实际上只有A是最佳的，因为根据上下文的语境来看，“我去把灯关掉”这一行为是说话人听了对方的话后临时想到的，而不是事先准备的。而按英语习惯：will 和 be going to后接动词原形均可表示意图，但意图有强弱之分，如果是事先考虑过的意图，要用 be going to；如果不是事先考虑过的，而是说话时刻才临时想到的意图，则用 will.比较：

“I’ve come out without any money.” “Never mind, I will lend you some.” “我出来没带钱。”“没关系，我借给你。”（句中用will lend，表示“借”钱给对方是临时想到的，即听了对方的话后临时作出的反应）

I’ve bought a typewriter and I’m going to learn to type. 我买了台打字机，我想学打字。（句中用 be going to learn to type，表示说话人要学打字是事先准备的，并为此买了台打字机）

◆精编陷阱题训练◆

1. Look at that little boy wandering about - perhaps he _____ his mother.

A. will lose B. is losing

C. had lost D. has lost

2. It’s good that we _____ to the park because it’s started to rain.

A. don’t go B. hadn’t gone

C. didn’t go D. wasn’t going

3. I _____ for five minutes； why don’t they come？

A. am calling B. called

C. was calling D. have been calling

4. You _____ your turn so you’ll have to wait.

A. will miss B. have missed

C. are missing D. had missed

5. We _____ to move but are still considering where to go to.

A. are deciding B. decided

C. have decided D. had decided

6. I left my pen on the desk and now it’s gone； who _____ it？

A. took B. has taken

C. will take D. had taken

7. They won’t buy any new clothes because they _____ money to buy a new car.

A. save B. were saving

C. have saved D. are saving

8. I _____ your last point - could you say it again？

A. didn’t quite catch B. don’t quite catch

C. hadn’t quite catch D. can’t quite catch

9. You’ll never guess who I met today - my old teacher！ We _____ for 20 years.

A. don’t meet B. haven’t met

C. hadn’t met D. couldn’t meet

10. I feel sure I _____ her before somewhere.

A. was to meet B. have met

C. had met D. would meet

11. They haven’t arrived yet but we _____ them at any moment.

A. are expected B. have expected

C. are expecting D. will expect

12. I think you must be mistaken about seeing him at the theatre； I’m sure he _____ abroad all week.

A. is B. was

C. has been D. had been

13. The students _______ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she _______ in the office.

A. had written, left B. were writing, has left

C. had written, had left D. were writing, had left

14. I tried to phone her, but even as I _____ she was leaving the building.

A. phoned B. would phone

C. had phoned D. was phoning

15. “I suppose you _____ that report yet？” “I finished it yesterday, as a matter of fact.”

A. didn’t finish B. haven’t finished

C. hadn’t finished D. wasn’t finishing

16. -Didn’t the guard see him breaking into the bank？

-No, he _______ in the other direction.

A. was looking B. had looked

C. looked D. is looking

17. How can you possibly miss the news？ It _______ on TV all day long.

A. has been B. had been

C. was D. will be

18. “I thought you might have got drunk.” “Yes, I ______.”

A. almost have B. almost had

C. almost did D. might have

19. You ______ television. Why not do something more active？

A. always watch B. are always watching

C. have always watched D. have always been watching

20. “I took part in the TOEFL. It was really hard.” “Did you ______ a lot？”

A. Have you studied B. Did you study

C. Had you studied D. Do you study

21. “What’s your opinion on the matter, please？” “Oh, sorry, I _______.”

A. wasn’t to listen B. haven’t listened

C. wasn’t listening D. hadn’t listened

22. “Aha, you’re a chain smoker！” “Only at home. Nobody _______ that but you.”

A. discovered B. had discovered

C. discovers D. is discovering

23. The telephone _______ three times in the last hour, and each time it ________ for my father.

A. had rang； was B. has rung； was

C. rang； has been D. has been ringing； is

24. The thief tried to break away from the policeman who ______ him, but failed.

A. has held B. had held

C. was holding D. would hold

25. When I arrived at the company, the manager ______, so we had only time for a few words.

A. just went away B. had gone away

C. was just going away D. has just gone away

26. “John took a photograph of you just now.” “Oh, really？ I ______.”

A. didn’t know B. wasn’t knowing

C. don’t know D. haven’t known

27. “Mike is not coming to the football game this afternoon.” “It’s a shame！ He _______！”

A. promises B. promised

C. will promise D. had promised

28. Please call again. Jim _______ a bath just now.

A. has had B. was having

C. is having D. has

29. “Was Andrew there when you arrived？” “Yes, but he ______ home soon afterwards.”

A. had gone B. has gone

C. is going D. went

30. “Where is Mother.” “She is in the kitchen. She _______ the housework all morning.”

A. is doing B. was doing

C. has done D. has been doing

31. The books, ________ the dictionaries, must be put back where they ________.

A. included； were B. to include； are

C. including； were D. including； are

◆答案与解析◆

1. 选D.根据那个小男孩徘徊的现象，推知他可能是找不到妈妈了。用现在完成时表示结果。

2. 选C.句意为“好在我们（刚才）没有去公园，因为天（现在）已经开始下雨了”。

3. 选D.用现在完成进行时表示持续到现在的一段时间。

4. 选B，用现在完成时表示结果，即你已经错过了机会，其结果是：你只能等。

5. 选C.用现在完成时表示影响。

6. 选B.用现在完成时表示影响或结果，即现在笔不见了，是由于某人已经把它拿走了的结果。

7. 选D.用现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作。

8. 选A.从下文的语境看，既然现在叫对方重复一遍，说明“没听清对方的最后一点”应发生在过去（即说此话之前）。

9. 选B.用现在完成时表示从过去持续到现在的一段时间。

10. 选B.before 用作副词时不与具体时间连用，泛指“以前”，通常与一般过去时或现在完成时连用。

11. 选C.用现在进行时表示目前的一种状态。

12. 选C.用现在完成时表示影响或结果，即他整个星期都在国外，所以你说你在剧院见过他，你一定是搞错了。

13. 选D.“把书忘在办公室”发生在“去取书”这一过去的动作之前，因此“忘了书”这一动作发生在过去的过去，用过去完成时。句中when表示的是时间的一点，表示在“同学们正忙于……”这一背景下，when所引导的动作发生。因此前一句应用过去进行时。

14. 选D.注意even as 的意思，它表示“正当……的时候”或“恰当……的时候”。

15. 选B.注意下文语境--事实上，我昨天就做完了。从该回答的语气上推测，填空处应填现在完成时态。

16. 选A.表示当时正在进行的动作。

17. 选A.表示目前一种持续的状态。

18. 选C.句中的 might have got drunk是对过去情况的推测，故答句所指的情况也应在过去，故选C.

19. 选B.always 与进行时态连用，可以表示高兴、满意、抱怨、厌恶等感情色彩。

20. 选C.根据took的时态可知，“参加托福考试”发生在过去；而对方问“是否努力学习过？”这肯定问的是参加考试以前的事，故用过去完成时。

21. 选C.“没听”肯定是刚才的事，所以应用过去时态。

22. 选C.答句陈述的是客观事实，故用一般现在时态。

23. 选B.按英语语法，“in the last [past]+一段时间”通常与现在完成时连用。

24. 选C.用过去进行时表示当时在持续的一种状态。

25. 选C.由于下文说we had only time for a few words，说明“经理”正准备离开。

26. 选A.“不知道”是对方告诉自己之前的事，故用一般过去时。

27. 选B.根据语境，他“答应”发生在过去，故用一般过去时。

28. 选C.just now 有两个意思：一是表示“刚才”，此时just now 为习语；二是表示“现在”、“眼前”、“就在此时”，此时 just 意为“正好”、“恰好”，用以修饰副词now.根据句子语境，句中的 just now 应取上面的第二个意思。

29. 选D.Andrew“回家”发生在你见到他（发生在过去）之后不久。

30. 选 D.现在完成进行时表示从过去至今一直在持续的动作。

31. 选 C.第一空including不填 included，因为其后带有宾语；第二填 were，是因为它是指“原来放的地方”。

责任编辑：李芳芳

高考英语陷阱题动词时态详解 篇2

一、根据题干中直接给出的时间状语来判定相应的时态

通过对题干中所提供的时间状语及其在语境中对动词时态限制的分析来做出正确的判断, 主要考查对动词时态基本用法的掌握情况。如:

1.—Have you known Dr Jackson for a long time?

—Yes, since he_____ the Chinese Society. (NMET 2008)

A.has joined B.joins C.had joined D.joined

析:根据题干, 答语since从句是一个省略了主句的时间状语从句, 完整的句子应为:I have known Dr Jackson since he joined the Chinese Society.即:从他加入了中国学社至今, 应用一般过去时。故选D项。

2.His sister left home in 1998, and _____ since. (NMET 2009)

A.had not been heard of B.has not been heard of

C.had not heard of D.has not heard of

析:分析题干, and分句的时间状语为since省略句, 补全为since 1998, 表示从1998年到现在为止一直在进行的动作, 而且还有可能要继续下去, 应用现在完成时。故选B项。

应试策略:

解答该类题时, 应注意:首先, 要扎实运用动词时态的基本功, 能正确认识不同的时间状语在不同时态中的运用;其次, 在解题时, 应充分利用题干中所给的时间状语及所提供的语境, 并正确区分同一时间状语在多种时态中的用法, 最终做出正确选择。

二、题干中虽给出时间状语, 但并不能根据所提供的时间状语直接作答

解答时应排除时间状语的干扰性及迷惑性, 根据上下文语境来正确判断。此类题主要考查对某些时间状语在特定语境中动词时态特殊运用的掌握情况。如:

1.Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it _____ yesterday. (NMET 2006)

A.was happening B.happens

C.has happened D.happened

析:题干中虽有时间状语yesterday, 但不决定动词的时态。做题应着眼于as if引导的从句的用法, 其从句通常用虚拟语气, 再结合前面的remembers可知与现在事实相反, 因此用一般过去时。故选D项。

2.The wet weather will continue tomorrow when a cold front_______ to arrive. (NMET 2008)

A.is expected B.is expecting

C.expects D.will be expected

析:一般来说, 当主句为一般将来时时, 通常从句中谓语动词要用一般将来时。但本题是用when引导从句, 在这种从句中通常要用一般现在时表示将来时且根据语境, 应用被动结构。故选A项。

应试策略:

解答该类题时, 考生要特别注意不能受题干中所给时间状语的迷惑, 应充分利用题干中所暗示的条件, 排除干扰, 并根据上下文语境做出正确判断。

三、题干中不直接给出时间状语, 句中动词时态的确定必须完全根据上下文的语境来判断

此类题主要考查对动词时态在语境中灵活运用的能力。如:

1.Mary, ___ here———everybody else, stay where you are. (NMET 2006)

A.come B.comes C.to come D.coming

析:根据句子的结构, 破折号连接的是两个完整的祈使句, 所以, 应用动词原形。故选A项。

2.Edward, you play so well.But I_______ you played the piano. (NMET 2009)

A.didn’t know B.hadn’t known

C.don’t know D.haven’t known

析:根据题干中的语境, 考生仅能通过说话人的意图所指的动作发生的时间来判断该动作。虽然第一个分句描述现在的事实, 但第二句旨在说明以前的情况, 故应用一般过去时。故选A项。

应试策略:

高考英语陷阱题动词时态详解 篇3

锁定时间状语，结合语境解题

每一种时态都有与其对应的时间状语，考生在解题时应先找到作时间状语的介词短语、副词或从句，然后结合语境判断所填动词的动作到底发生在现在、过去还是将来，是经常性、正在进行还是已完成，便可以选出正确答案。

例1：Up to now, the program ________ thousands of children who would otherwise have died. (2010年山东卷)

A. would saveB. saves

C. had saved D. has saved

解析：D。本题考查现在完成时的用法。题干的意思是：“到目前为止，这个项目已经挽救了成千上万本来会死去的孩子的生命。”Up to now是现在完成时的标志，故选D。一般来说，标志着现在完成时的时间状语还有：for/since ...、during/in/over the last (past) few years months/weeks、in recent years、up to now、recently、yet、never、ever、just、already等。

例2：I'm tired out. I ________ all afternoon and I don't seem to have finished anything. (2010年湖南卷)

A. shopped B. have shopped

C. had shopped D. have been shopping

解析：D。本题考查现在完成进行时。题干中有时间状语all afternoon, 且从上下文的时态可知，此处应用现在时态，排除A、C。题干的意思是：“我好累啊。我逛街逛了整整一个下午，好像什么都没买成。”由此可知说话人的动作从过去一直持续到现在，故用现在完成进行时。

找出隐含时间，利用语境解题

高考考查时态的题目中，很多题目并没有给出明确的时间状语，而有的题目则会故意给出时间状语干扰考生的思维。因此，考生要善于从上下文语境中挖掘出隐含的时间，从而选出正确答案。

例3：—Were you surprised by the ending of the film?

—No, I ________ the book, so I already knew the story. (2010年安徽卷)

A. was reading B. had read

C. am reading D. have read

解析：B。本题考查过去完成时。题干中并没有明显的时间状语，但根据题意可知，read the book这一动作发生在knew之前，故用过去完成时。

例4：I walked slowly through the market, where people ________ all kinds of fruits and vegetables. I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed. (2010年湖南卷)

A. sell B. were selling

C. had sold D. have sold

解析：B。本题考查过去进行时。根据下文I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed可知，空格所在部分表示“当时市场上的人们正在出售各种果蔬”，表示在过去某段时间内正在发生的持续性动作，故选B。

利用时态呼应原则解题

在主从复合句中，主从句时态之间存在一种呼应关系。在宾语从句中，如果主句为过去时，从句往往要用过去的某种时态(但客观事实或真理仍用一般现在时)；而如果主句用一般现在时，宾语从句时态不受主句时态的限制。在时间或条件状语从句中，主句要用将来时，从句中往往要用一般现在时表示一般将来时，用一般过去时表示过去将来时，用现在完成时表示将来完成时。

例5：If you plant watermelon seeds in the spring, you ________ fresh watermelon in the fall. (2010年浙江卷)

A. eatB. would eat

C. have eatenD. will be eating

解析：D。本题考查主从复合句的时态。题干的意思是：“如果你在春天种下西瓜种子，你会在秋天吃到新鲜的西瓜。”据此可以判断这是真实的条件从句，所以根据从句中使用的一般现在时可知，主句应该用将来时，故选D。

例6：When you are home, give a call to let me know you ________ safely. (2010年全国卷I)

A. are arrivingB. have arrived

C. had arrived D. will arrive

解析：B。本题考查宾语从句的时态。主句为一般现在时，宾语从句时态不受主句时态的限制，此时从句时态要根据句意或从句的时间状语来判断。题干的意思为“你到家的时候给我打个电话，让我知道你已经安全到家了。”根据句意选B，用现在完成时。也可以使用排除法：arrive既可以使用现在进行时表示将来，也可以用will + do表示将来，因此可同时排除A和D；C为过去完成时，因为过去完成时是过去的过去，使用过去完成时的时候句中一定要有一般过去时，因此排除C。

巧用虚拟语气解题

虚拟语气在句中是通过谓语动词的特殊形式表现出来的，考试中经常把if虚拟条件句和动词时态放在一起考查。处理这类考题时，要根据上下文来判断该句动作发生的时间是现在、过去还是将来，是真实的语气还是虚拟语气，主从句动作发生的时间是否一致等。

例7：Bob would have helped us yesterday, but he ________. (2010年安徽卷)

A. was busy B. is busy

C. had been busy D. will be busy

解析：A。本题考查虚拟语气与时态。从前半句的谓语动词would have helped及时间状语 yesterday可知，这里表示对过去的虚拟，但后半句表达的却是过去的客观事实，故用一般过去时。

例8：If he ________ my advice, he wouldn't have lost his job. (2010年湖南卷)

A. followed B. should follow

C. had followed D. would follow

解析：C。本题考查虚拟语气。根据主句he wouldn't have lost his job可知，if引导的状语从句表示与过去事实相反的虚拟条件，故选C。

利用固定句型解题

某些固定句型中时态是固定的，需要同学们牢记。

1. This/That/It is the first time + that从句(现在完成时)

2. This/That/It was the first time + that从句(过去完成时)

3. It has been + 一段时间+ since从句(一般过去时)

4. Hardly/No sooner had sb. done when/than +从句(一般过去时)

5. It will be + 一段时间+ before从句(一般现在时)

6. It was + 一段时间+ before从句(一般过去时)

7. It's time + (that)从句(一般过去时或should do)

8. 主句(现在完成时) + since从句(一般过去时)

9. I didn't recognize/realize ...

例9：The book has been translated into thirty languages since it ________ on the market in 1973. (2010年重庆卷)

A. had comeB. has come

C. cameD. comes

解析：C。根据上文第八个句型，since复合句中，主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。

例10：Excuse me. I ________ I was blocking your way. (2010年全国卷II)

A. didn't realizeB. don't realize

C. haven't realizedD. wasn't realizing

解析：A。根据题意，说话者要表达的是：“抱歉，我没有意识到自己挡了你的路。”显然现在说话者已经意识到了这一点，故realize这个动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。

高考英语情态动词用法详解 篇4

情态动词的区分 情态动词可以广泛分为四大类。第一类只能做情态动词，包括may、might、must等。第二类既能做情态动词，又能做实义助词，包括need、dare、can等。第三类既能做情态动词，又能做助动词，包括shall、should、will、would等。第四类是指具有情态动词特征的短语，包括have to、used to、ought to等。Can/could通常代表许可的意思，能够广泛用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句中，而且could的表达效果通常要更加委婉。Cannot是指“禁止”，通常用于警告和告示。May/might的意思与can/could相似，用法也没有明显区别，不过其与后者相比大多用于正式文体，通常含有尊敬之意，其中，might较may表达的效果更加委婉，但不是很常用。Shall通常用于表示征求意见，常用于疑问句中。而will/would同样是表示请求，其中would的表达效果更为客气委婉，且大多用于第二人称。Must则是表示必须、必要。

 

高考英语陷阱题动词时态详解 篇5

1. 主谓的分隔原则

S, ---,VO

主谓之间可以用定从及省略形式的定从分隔

* 主谓一致与主语同位语无关

2. 定语从句中的主谓一致

...noun.+that / which +V

* that, which并不反映单复数

one of 复n + that/which + 复V

the only one of 复n + that/which + 单V

3. 随前一致

together with, as well as, with, including, of

4. 随后一致

not 单n. but 复n. + 复V

not only 单n. but also 复n. + 复V

5. 就近一致

单n. or 复n.

either 单n. or 复n.

neither 单n. nor 复n.

is he or we... 对

he or we are... 对

6. 可数名词and可数名词+复数动词

不可数名词and不可数名词+复数动词

例外：war and peace is / was

black and white is / was

bread and butter is / was

to love and to be loved is/was

7. 百分比结构

most, rest, half, majority, some, 50 percent, one percent

…+of +n. +V 由名词决定动词的单复数

8. 倒装句中的主谓一致

There be...

between , among 等介词位于句首，即引起倒装

Between ...+ be + noun.

Among...+ be + noun.

主 + 系 + 表

主系关系要一致，系表关系可以不一致

9. The+ adj.

a. 表示“一类人”用复数V

The rich are ridiculous

b. 表示某一抽象概念

The good is attractive

10. one of + 复数noun. + 单V

more than one 单数noun. + 单数V

many a + 单noun. + 单V

a + 单noun. or + two + 单V: a day or two

news 单数 measles 不可数

the series 用is/are从上下文得出

二、时态

1. in + 过去某一时间，用一般现在时

2. before + 过去年份，用过去完成时

3. for/since:

for后跟时间段，可用现在完成和一般过去时

since 后跟时间点，只能跟现在完成时

I have been a teacher for 3 years.

I have been a teacher since .

I was a teacher for 3 years.

4. 自然现象、真理描述用一般现在时

时态：现在完成时和一般过去时混用

一般现在时和一般过去时混用

三、语态 考主被的混用

一个证明，二个位于，三个需要，四个情感

1. 证明：prove(vi) + to be + n./adj.

prove(vt) + sth./that +句子

my advice proved to be wrong

2. 位于：locate永远考被动

situate 主动：把...放置;确定位置

被动：位于

3. 需要：need, want, require

情态动词need＋动词

实义动词 to do sth. / doing = to be done

My watch need repairing. (主动表被动= …to be repaired. )

4. 情感：please, annoy, surprise, move

I am pleased. 主语高兴

he news is pleasing. 令人高兴使...高兴（心烦、惊讶、感动）

Franklin is so moved.

动词用法与辨析陷阱题分析(一) 篇6

（一）1.If you want to sell your product you must _____ it.A.advertise

B.advertise for C.advertise on

D.advertise to 【陷阱】容易误选B，认为 advertise 的意思是“做广告”，advertise for 的意思“为……做广告”。

【分析】事实上，正确答案为A。advertise 可用作及物和不及物动词：用作及物动词时，其意为“为……做广告”、“登广告宣传”；用作不及物动词时，其意为“做广告”、“登广告”，此时通常后接介词 for，表示“做广告征求”。比较：

advertise for sth(sb)登广告征求或寻找某物或某人(此时 advertise 不及物)advertise sth 为……登广告，登广告宣传……(此时 advertise 是及物动词，其后要直接跟被宣传的东西作宾语)People advertise things that they wish to sell.人们为要卖的东西登广告。

The manager wants to advertise for a new secretary.经理想登广告招聘一位新秘书。再比较以下用例：

advertise jobs 登广告招人 advertise for jobs 登广告求职

2.No matter how much you’ve learned and how high a standard of education you have had, you must _______ the people heart and soul.A.serve

B.serve for C.serve to

D.serve on 【陷阱】容易误选B，即字对字地翻译汉语的“全心全意为人民服务”，将其中的“为”译为 for。【分析】答案选A，serve 意为“为……服务”，可直接用作及物动词，其后不能按汉语意思误加介词 for。请看以下类似例子：

(1)I _____ you yesterday, but you weren’t in.A.rang

B.rang to C.rang with

D.rang to 答案选A，ring 可以用作及物动词，表示“给……打电话”，故其后不用介词。(2)Neither of her parents wanted her to _____ her cousin.A.marry

B.marry to C.marry with

D.marry for 答案选A，marry 可用作及物或不及物动词，用作及物动词时它的意思“与……结婚”，而不仅仅是“结婚”，也就是说，后接宾语时，无需用介词 to, with 等。(3)How can I _____ you, Mr.Green? A.contact

B.contact with C.contact to

D.contact for 答案选A，contact 为及物动词，表示“与……联系”，其后不接介词。

3.According to the rules, students must not ______ their books during examinations.A.read

B.watch C.notice

D.look at 【陷阱】容易误选A。因为按照英语一般习惯：看书看报用动词 read，看电视用动词watch，看电影用动词see，看比赛用动词watch，看黑板用动词look at，等等。

【分析】一般说来，汉语的“看书”至少有两层意思，一是指阅读性地看书，即看书＝读书，此时通常用动词read；另一种看书则不是指阅读性地看书，而只是大概地翻一翻或看一看，比如看看书的封面、定价、内容提要等，或者回答问题时看看书的某些章节或字句以及考试时偷看书本等等，此时通常都不宜用动词read，而应根据情况选用其他动词(如 look at)。又如： Let me have a look at the book.让我看看或翻翻这本书。

Please answer my questions without looking at your books.请不看书回答我的问题。4.“I love traveling.I hope to go with you this time.” “But does your mother _____ you to go?”

A.let

B.agree C.allow

D.promise 【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。

【分析】最佳答案为C。不能选A是因为 let 后用作宾语补足语的不定式不能带 to；不能选B是因为动词 agree习惯上不用于 agree sb to do sth 这一句式；不能选D是因为在 promise sb to do sth 这一句式中，to do sth 的逻辑主语是 promise 的主语而不其是宾语，比如 He promised me to go 的意思是“他答应我，他去”，而不是“他答应我让我去”。之所以能选C，是因为 allow sb to do sth（允许某人做某事）与上文语境刚好吻合。

5.If they _______ to make heart-felt apologies soon we will have to bring an action against them.A.disagreed

B.refused C.agreed

D.hoped 【陷阱】容易误选A，根据 agree to do sth(同意做某事)，想当然地类推出 disagree to do sth(不同意或不愿意做某事)。

【分析】事实上，语言有很多问题是不能类推的，如上面这一例，英语可说 agree to do sth，但习惯上却不说 disagree to do sth。类似地，英语中可说 like doing [to do] sth，但在现代英语中习惯上说 dislike doing sth，却不说dislike to do sth。其实上面一题的最佳答案是B，refuse to do sth 意为“拒绝做某事”或“不愿做某事”。