U5Grammar现在完成时教案

U5Grammar现在完成时教案（精选11篇）

U5Grammar现在完成时教案 篇1

U5Grammar现在完成时教学反思

河北中学

许德成

我先从我的工作经历来谈起：I came to Changzhou 14 years ago.然后我在黑板上画好一个时间轴，在上面标注好从30年前到现在的一个时间段，最后我就说I have been here for 14 years.（我已经在这儿14年了）。接着我继续以我来这儿的事例来造句：I have worked here for 14 years.。I have lived here for 14 years.当然在造句完后，我让学生总结归纳出黑板上句子中的一些共同特点,即have+动词的过去分词，最后告诉学生这就是今天要学习的现在完成时。然后我再造一些句子:My father has worked here for 14 years.My mother has lived here for 14 years.My friend has studied here for 10 years.让学生继续总结这些语法中的共同特点，has+动词的过去分词。然后我给学生呈现一些图片，让学生用刚刚所学到的语法和句型来表达图片上的内容。

我知道任务型教学并不排斥模仿、重复，尤其是课堂教学中，总需要有一定的机械性练习。许多倡导任务型教学的学者明确提出，句型练并没有错，它是大多数学习者学习过程中必经的一个阶段，可以帮助学习者获得交际运用所需的基本能力

1这部分操练是为了优等生考虑的，因为他们的学习能力和接受能力较好，鼓励他们能造出一些又创新的句子，可以根据自己的生活、学习等方面造句，如

My dog has lived with me for 3 years.I have studied here for 5 years.My father has worked in that car factory for 20 years.2.我在黑板上写出一些时间短语和一些动词（过去分词形式），这样能照顾到部分基础不好，接受能力和理解能力稍弱的学生，给他们一些阶梯可以往上爬得更高。在他们能够掌握较为基本的句子结构后，他们可以往更高层次上提升。在模仿、仿做和演练时，学生可以听到同学和老师的正确表达，当他们自己表达时就会注意内容与形式的关系，自觉地纠正并注意使用正确的语言。

课后的作业可以反馈学生对这一知识点的掌握水平，同时提供给教师备课和调整教学策略的依据。经过两课时的教学和巩固后，进行了一次小测试，发现学生掌握比较好，全班学生的90%在90分以上，只有四个学生没有达到教学目标，在课后我利用课余时间给予他们帮助和辅导，直到他们听懂掌握当天的作业。

U5Grammar现在完成时教案 篇2

1. 表示过去或已经完成的某一动作对现在成的影响或结果。常与下列状语连用:already, just, yet, ever, never, before。现在完成时用来表示过去发生或已完成的动作或状态对现在造成的影响或结果, 也就是说, 动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在.

I have lost my wallet. (含义是:现在我没有钱花了)

Jane has just had it. (含义是:简现在不饿了)

Michael has been ill. ( 含义是:现在仍然很虚弱)

He has returned from abroad. ( 含义是:现在已在此地)

2. 表示过去已经发生, 持续到现在的动作或状态, 可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在 (包括“现在”在内) 的一段时间的状语连用。表示持续动作或状态的动词多是延续性动词, 常与since和for连用。for和表示一段时间的词组连用。如:for 10 years;since和表示过去某一时刻的词或词组连用。如:since 1997, since two years ago, since last week

二、现在完成时的三个分清:

1. 分清时间状语

现在完成时所表示的是过去的发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果, 强调的是现在的情况, 现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用, 如already, yet, just, before, recently, still, lately等;现在完成时常常与表示频度的时间状语连用, 如often, sometimes, ever, never, twice等;现在完成时还往往可以同包括现在时间在内的时间状语连用, 如now, now, just, today, this morning/week/month/year, so far等。所以不能和表示过去的时间状语连用, 如:yesterday, last night, three weeks ago, in 1990。一般过去时表示的是过去发生的动作或状态, 和现在不发生联系, 它可以和表示过去的时间状语连用。

I have seen the film. ( 我了解这部电影的内容。)

I saw the film last week. (只说明上星期看了这部电影, 不涉及现在的情况。)

2. 分清have (has) gone和have (has) been的用法

1) have (has) gone表示“已经去某地了”

She has gone to Shanghai. ( 她可能已在去上海的路上, 或已到上海, 总之现在不在这里。)

2) have (has) been表示“曾经去过某地”

She has been to Shanghai three times. ( 她已经不在上海, 只说明她曾经去过。)

3. 分清延续性动词和瞬间动词的用法

1) 延续性动词表示动作能够持续一段时间, 所以其现在完成时能和表示一段的时间状语连用。

I have lived in Guiyang for 10 years.

I have lived in Guiyang since 2002.

2) 终止性动词表示的动作极其短暂, 不能持续, 所以其现在完成时 (只限肯定式) 不能和表示一段的时间状语连用, 而应该把终止性动词改为同义的延续性动词, 也不能用于how long引导的疑问句中。

如不能说:He has borrowed the book for two months. (x)

但可以说:He has kept the book for 2 months.

或:It has been 2 months since he borrowed the book.

或:Two months has passed since he borrowed the book.

初中教材中常见的终止性动词, 可以编成口诀:

晨起离家去购物, 出生入死搬回来。

东西一到开始用, 花完未够 方可借。

get up→be up leave→be away (from) go→ be buy →have join→be in /be a +n. die →be dead move→be out ofreturn→be back come→be arrive→be here start/begin→be on finish→/end→be over borrow→keep

开始结束死买卖, 来去借入不离开。

get up→be up leave→be away (from) go→ be buy →have join→be in /be a +n. die →be dead move→be out of return→be bcome→be arrive→be here start/begin→be on finish→/end→be over borrow→keep

e.g.

The old man has died for five years. (×)

The old man has been dead for five years. (√)

注明:非延续性动词在否定结构中可用于现在完成时态:

I haven’t bought anything for two days.

三、过去式与过去分词的记忆

1. 规则变化的变化规则与过去式的构成规则相同

2. 不规则动词的过去式以及过去分词, 在不规则变化表中寻找巧记规律

AAA:put–put–put let—let–let ABA:become—became—become

ABB:stand—stood—stood ABC:eat—ate—eaten

现在完成时的用法专项练习

下列每组的A, B句都互为同意句, 其中A句采用了一般过去式表达, 请你应用现在完成时在B句的空白处填入恰当的词, 使其与A句意思相同。

1. A: The baby fell asleep half an hour ago.

B:The baby____________for half an hour.

2.A:I left the school at nine O'clock this morning.

B:I _____ _____ _____ from the school since nine O'clock this morning.

3.A:Did you find your pen?

B:_____ _____ _____ your pen yet?

4.A:The hospital closed in 2010.

B:The hospital _____ _____ _____ since 2010.

5.A:Maria bought the piano in 2009.

B:Maria _____ _____ the piano since 2009.

6.A:Kangkang borrowed the knife five days ago.

B:Kangkang _____ _____ the knife for five days.

7.A:The TV play began twenty minutes ago.

B:The TV play _____ _____ _____ for twenty minutes.

8.A:Tom's grandmother died two years ago .

B:Tom's grandmother _____ _____ _____ for two years.

9.A:My uncle became a teacher in 2007.

B:My uncle _____ _____ a teacher since 2007.

10.A:We got to Guizhou three days ago .

B:We _____ _____ _____Guizhou for three days.

11.A:The Greens came to China in 2003.

B:The Greens _____ _____ _____ China since 2003.

12.A: I joined the Party last year .

B: I ____ _____ _____ _____of the Party since last year.

13.A:Jane caught a cold the day before yesterday.

B:Jane____ _____ a cold since the day before yesterday.

14.A:The classes ended ten minutes ago.

B:The classes _____ _____ ____ for ten minutes.

15.A:The students knew each other two years ago.

B: The students _____ _____ each other for two years .

Key:

1.has been asleep 2.have been away

3.Have you found 4.has been closed

5.has had 6.has kept

7.has been on 8.has been dead

9.has been 10.have been in

11.have been in 12.have been a member

13.has had 14.have been over

现在完成进行时和现在完成时辨析 篇3

下面我们先来做一组习题热热身吧！

1. —I am so tired.

—No wonder. You for a whole day.

A. work

B. are working

C. have been working

D. have worked

2. —We’ve spent too much money recently.

— Well, it isn’t surprising. We _______ around all the time.

A. are shopping

B. have shopped

C. were shopping

D. have been shopping

3. I have to see the doctor because I ______ a lot from headache lately.

A. have been suffering

B. was suffering

C. have suffered

D. suffer

Keys: C D A

以上几个题同学们做对了吗？是不是对于两个时态有点混淆不清呢？下面我就针对两个时态的不同之处做个详尽的讲解。

一、现在完成进行时和现在完成时的核心含义

1. 现在完成进行时的构成形式是have/has been doing sth.，一般译为“一直在做某事”。现在完成进行时没有被动语态，它强调动作在从过去到现在某一段时间内持续进行，强调动作的持续时间,动词必须是延续性动词。现在完成进行时常与all the time, all the afternoon, the whole week等时间状语连用。例如：

The CPI in China has been rising. 中国的居民消费价格指数一直在上升。（强调动作持续）

2.现在完成时表示动作发生在过去，完成在过去，其结果或影响仍存在。重点为“已经做过了某事”，但是并不强调这一动作在持续不停地进行。现在完成时常与already, yet, so far, recently等时间状语连用。例如：

Xi Jinping has paid his fifth visit to the USA. 习近平已经完成了他对美国的第五次访问。（强调已经完成）

二、现在完成进行时和现在完成时比较

两者相比较，现在完成进行时往往具有3个特点：

1. 未完结性

一般的现在完成时通常具有结果含义（完结性），而现在完成进行时则常常具有未完结含义。如：

I have cleaned the classroom.我把教室打扫干净了。（教室已经打扫干净）

I’ve been cleaning the classroom.我一直在打扫教室。（可能尚未打扫完教室）

例1（2010江苏卷）—Why, Jack, you look so tired!

—Well, I _______ the house and I must finish the work tomorrow.

A. was painting

B. will be painting

C. have painted

D. have been painting

分析 D。 句意：杰克，你为什么看起来如此疲惫？我一直都在粉刷房子，并且我明天必须完成。根据句意可知，杰克一直在粉刷房子，动作未完结，并且杰克会继续粉刷，强调动作持续，故采用现在完成进行时态。C项为现在完成时，强调过去的动作已经完成及对现在的影响，而杰克显然还没有刷完房子，故C项不符合语境。

2. 连续性或重复性

现在完成进行时常常用于表示延续至今的连续性或重复性动作。

Jack have been calling Lucy every night for the last week. 上星期，杰克每天晚上都给露西打电话。

I’ve been knocking. I don’t think anybody’s in. 我一直在敲门。我想屋里没人。

例2 （2009四川卷）Excuse me, Marcia, a reporter from Vanity Fair _______ all day. Could you speak to her now？

A. phones B. has phoned

C. has been phoning D. phoned

分析 C。 句意为：对不起，玛西娅，一位来自Vanity Fair的记者一整天都在打电话，你现在能和她通话吗？时间状语all day表示过去开始的动作一直持续进行到现在，记者一整天肯定是数次打电话，体现了连续性和重复性的特点，故用现在完成进行时。

3. 常带有感情色彩

说话人往往带有赞许、埋怨等明显的感情色彩。

Meng Peijie has been looking after her paralysed adoptive mother with great care for 12 years. We all admire her very much. 孟佩杰12年来一直悉心照顾瘫痪的养母，我们都很钦佩她。（赞许的感情色彩）

I’ve been waiting for an hour, but he still hasn’t turned up. 我都等了一个小时了，但是他还未露面。（抱怨的感情色彩）

例3 （2008北京西城抽样） —I wonder if you could go with me to the cinema.

—Don’t disturb me. I ______ a composition all the morning and haven’t finished it yet.

A. write

B. was writing

C. have written

D. have been writing

分析 D。 根据答语的第二句可知答话人整个上午都在写作文，现在还没有写完，所以用现在完成进行时，体现了未完结性的特点，表示动作从过去一直持续到现在，而且还可能继续下去。并且由“Don’t disturb me”可以明显感觉到答话人抱怨的感情色彩。而现在完成时强调对现在造成的影响或结果，不表示动作的持续，因此C项不正确。

巩固练习

1. （2010湖南卷） I’m tired out. I ______ all afternoon and I don’t seem to have finished anything.

A. shopped

B. have shopped

C. had shopped

D. have been shopping

2. （2010辽宁卷） Joseph to evening classes since last month, but he still can’t say“What’s your name?” in Russian.

A. has been going B. went

C. goes D. has gone

3. I wonder if John has forgotten my number, I _______ him to call me for the past two hours.

A. was expecting

B. have expected

C. have been expecting

D. expected

4. —Sorry for being late. I was held up in the traffic.

—It’s all right. I _______ the newspaper, anyway.

A. am reading

B. read

C. have been reading

D. have read

5. Please stop to have a rest. You _______ the washing machine the whole morning.

A. have repaired

B. were repairing

C. have been repaired

D. have been repairing

U5Grammar现在完成时教案 篇4

1.概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。

2.时间状语：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week(day, year, month...), once a week, on Sundays,3.基本结构：动词 原形（如主语为第三人称单数，动词上要加（e）S）

4.否定形式：am/is/are+not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don＇t,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn＇t，通常还原行为动词。

5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首；用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。

6.例句：It seldom snows here.He is always ready to help others.Action speaks louder than words.二、一般过去时：

1.概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。

2.时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.3.基本结构：be动词；行为动词

4.否定形式：was/were+not;在行为动词前加didn＇t，同时还原行为动词。

5.一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。

6.例句：She often came to help us in those days.I didn＇t know you were so busy.三、现在进行时：

1.概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。

2.时间状语：now, at this time, these days, etc.3.基本结构：am/is/are+doing

4.否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing.5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。

6.例句：How are you feeling today?

He is doing well in his lessons.四、过去进行时：

1.概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。

2.时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。

3.基本结构：was/were+doing

4.否定形式：was/were + not + doing.5.一般疑问句：把was或were放于句首。

6.例句：At that time she was working in a PLA unit.When he came in, I was reading a newspaper.五、现在完成时：

1.概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。

2.时间状语：recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, etc.3.基本结构：have/has + done

4.否定形式：have/has + not +done.5.一般疑问句：have或has提前

6.例句：I＇ve written an article.It has been raining these days.六、过去完成时：

1.概念：以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过去的过去”。

2.时间状语：before, by the end of last year(term, month…),etc.3.基本结构：had + done.4.否定形式：had + not + done.5.一般疑问句：had放于句首。

6.例句：As soon as we got to the station, the train had left.By the end of last month.We had reviewed four books七、一般将来时：

1.概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。

2.时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc.3.基本结构：am/is/are/going to + do；will/shall + do.4.否定形式：was/were + not;在行为动词前加won＇t，同时还原行为动词。

5.一般疑问句：be放于句首；will/shall提到句首。

6.例句：They are going to have a competition with us in studies.It is going to rain.八、过去将来时：

1.概念：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。

2.时间状语：the next day(morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc.3.基本结构：was/were/going to do；would/should + do.4.否定形式：was/were/not + going to + do;would/should + not + do.5.一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；would/should 提到句首。

现在完成时的句子 篇5

1、Have you ever traveled on a plane?

你坐飞机旅行过吗?

2、Have you ever been abroad?

你出国过吗?

3、I’ve just finished reading the book、

我刚读完书。

4、I’ve never been there、

我从来没去那里。

5、I’ve already been there twice、

我只去过那里两次。

6、Who has been to Hawaii? None of us has、

谁去过夏威夷?没人去过。

7、Has anybody water-skied before?

有人之前滑过水吗?

8、How long have you been here in Sydney?

你来悉尼多久了?

9、I know you’ve come to see your father、

我知道你来看你的爸爸。

10、You’ve learnt surfing from him, haven’t you?

你从他那里学的滑水，不是吗?

11、Have you ever been to Hawaii?

你去过夏威夷吗?

12、He has been in Honolulu ever since、

他从那以后就在檀香山。

13、I have already won first prize in the city surfing competition、

我已经在城市的冲浪比赛中获得了第一名。

14、I’ve been surfing every day、

我每天都冲浪。

15、I’ve been here for two weeks already、

我已经在这里呆了两周了。

16、How many songs has he learned so far?

他到目前为止学了多少歌了?

17、How long have you been a member of Greener China?

你成为绿色中国的一员多久了?

18、I’ve been with Greener China for a year、

我跟随绿色中国一年了。

19、What have you done since you joined Greener China?

你加入绿色中国后都做了什么?

20、Have you ever thrown any litter onto the ground?

你有没有往地上扔过东西?

21、If your answers are “No”， it means that you have already helped protect our environment、

如果你的回答是“否”，它意味着你已经帮助保护了我们的`环境。

22、Have I ever picked up some rubbish and thrown it into a dustbin?

我有没有把垃圾捡起来扔进垃圾筒呢?

23、Have I ever collected waste paper or bottles for recycling?

我有没有为回收而收集废旧纸张或瓶子呢?

24、Have I ever planted any trees or flowers in or near my neighbourhood?

我有没有在社区附近种过树或花呢?

25、If your answers are “Yes”，it means that you have already done something useful to improve the environment、

如果你的回答是“是”，它意味着你已经为保护环境做了些有用的事。

26、After you have finished the questionnaire, you may decide if your friend is doing very well in protecting the environment、

你完成调查问卷后，你可以决定你的朋友是否在保护环境方面做得很好。

27、Has everyone in your class written a letter to a factory to ask them to stop pouring dirty water into the river or lake nearby?

你们班的人有没有给工厂写信让他们停止向附近的河或湖排放污水?

28、How long have you worked in this library?

现在完成时的教学反思 篇6

现在完成时的教学反思

在复习现在完成时，借助多媒体教学在很大程度上改变了传统的师生关系。在以前传统课堂中，教师是唯一的语言及文化信息的传播者和示范者，而现代教学媒体使学生置身于一个真实的语言环境之中，全方位地感受语言的刺激，产生需要运用外语的激情，增加使用外语的机会。爱因斯坦说过“兴趣是最好的老师”，它对于学习起着催化剂的作用。运用计算机多媒体技术就可以激发学生的兴趣，它可以提供许多语言素材，为英语教学提供生动、形象、逼真的表现效果，为交际英语提供了素材和情景，大大提高学生对语言的学习兴趣，提高了教学效果。在教学中培养学生用英语进行表达交流的能力。因此主要选用“任务型教学法”、“交际教学法”，“启发式教学法”。采取“导学-自悟”启发式的教学模式，开展以学生为主体，教师为主导，任务型探究活动的训练为主线的情景交际的教学活动。引导学生自主学习、互动交往、合作探究，在做中学，学中用。当然我采用“任务型阅读”的教学模式，提前做好课件，针对复习的内容，设计了几个任务：现在完成时的主要用法，还有当堂练习等等。利用多媒体辅助教学，我节约了大量的板书时间，还为今后的复习留下永久的材料，加深学生对语言知识的理解，减少了教学难度。这不仅增加了课堂容量，还提高了课堂效率。我采取这些教法的依据：“以学生的发展为本”的新课程理念、语言学习的最终目的，以及根据学生的认知规律、知识水平参差不齐、能力差异大等现状。

我十分注重改进教学方法，来努力实现学生良好的学习方法的转变。根据新课程任务型语言教学理念，运用任务型的教学途径, 创设情景,引导学生在体验、实践、参与、合作、交流、探究的学习方式中学以致用，加强学生交际策略的指导与培养。另外，通过复习导纲，指导学生学会复习及自主学习；通过 “合作探究”、“导学自悟”等教学方式，渗透认知策略、调控策略等学法的指导。依据：新课标教学理念：授人以鱼不如授之以渔，教会学生学会学习，培养其学习能力是最重要的。

“现在完成时”入门秘籍 篇7

一、现在完成时由“助动词have(has)+动词的过去分词”构成:

(1)肯定式:主语+助动词have/has+动词的过去分词+其它。如:

She has finished her homework. 她已做完作业了。

We have cleaned our classroom. 我们已打扫完教室了。

(2)否定式:主语+助动词have/has+not+动词的过去分词+其它。

现在完成时的否定句直接在助动词have/has后面加上not, have not与has not可分别缩写成haven’t与hasn’t。肯定句中有already时,否定句中一般要改为yet。如:

Miss Gao hasn’t come back yet. 高老师还没有回来。

They haven’t spoken to a foreigner. 他们还没有与外国人说过话。

(3)一般疑问式:助动词Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词+其它?

现在完成时的一般疑问句直接把have/has提到主语之前,同时也要把句中的already改为yet。肯定的简略回答为:“Yes, 主语+have/has.”,有时也可用“Yes, already.”。否定的简略回答为:“No, 主语+haven’t/hasn’t.”,有时也可用“No, not yet./No, never./Not yet.”等。如:

“Have you returned the book?” “Yes, I have.” “你把那本书还了吗?” “是的,我还了。”

“Have you found your lost bike yet?” “No, not yet.” “你找到你丢失的自行车了吗?” “还没有。”

【温馨提示】在现在完成时的各种结构中, have/has均为助动词,无实际意义。当主语是第三人称单数时要用has。have/has后接动词的过去分词。

二、现在完成时的用法:

1.现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响和结果,常与时间副词already, yet, just, ever, before等连用。如:

I’ve finished my homework already. 我已经完成作业了。

She hasn’t found her dog yet. 她还没有找到她的狗。

They’ve just arrived here. 他们刚到这里。

We have never been to Beijing. 我们从来没有去过北京。

Have you been here before? 以前你来过这儿吗?

2.现在完成时还表示过去发生的动作延续至今还可能继续下去。常和for, since引导的一段时间的状语连用。如:

I’ve lived here for 20 years. 我在这儿住了20年了。(还可能住下去)

She has taught us since I came to this school.

自从我来到这学校,她一直在教我们。(可能再教下去)

三、现在完成时延续性动词与终止性动词的转换:

延续性动词:表示动作可以持续一段时间的动词。如:be, live, study, speak, talk, wait, walk, sleep, learn, have, keep, know等,它们可以和表示一段时间的词连用。

终止性动词:表示动作在瞬间就完成的动词。如:come, go, leave, begin, start, lose, buy, join, die, get to, arrive, reach, finish等,它们不能用在how long引导的疑问句中,也不能和表示一段时间的词连用。但是在否定句中,它们可以和表示一段时间的词连用。如:

I haven’t gone to Beijing for two years. 我已有两年没有去北京了。

在现在完成时中,当与表示一段时间的词连用时,终止性动词可以和延续性动词进行转换。如:come to→be in(at), come back→be back, begin/start→be on, borrow→keep, buy→have, join→be in/be a member of, die→be dead, become→be, leave→be away, get to know→know, finish→be over, fall asleep→be asleep, catch a cold→have a cold。

【巩固练习】

一、单项选择。

1. “Mum, may I go out to play football?” “____ you ____ your homework yet?”

A. Have; finishedB. Do; finishC. Are; finishingD. Did; finish

2. “Hello, this is Lily speaking. Can I speak to Mr Fox?” “Sorry. He ____ Long Lake.”

A. has been toB. went to C. has gone toD. will go to

3. David ____ Shanghai for more than three months.

A. came to B. has been to C. has been in D. has come to

4. “Anna, could you lend me this book, please?” “I’m sorry, but I ____ it for only two days. I haven’t finished it yet.”

A. have boughtB. have had C. boughtD. had

5. Dongdong has ____ Greener China for two months.

A. joinedB. take part inC. been D. been a member of

6. I ____ this book for two weeks. I have to return it now.

A. borrowedB. have borrowedC. keptD. have kept

7. The students are sorry to hear that the famous singer ____ for half an hour.

A. has leftB. has gone C. has been awayD. has gone away

8. You don’t have to describe her. I ____ her several times.

A. had metB. have met C. met D. meet

二、按要求转换下列句子。

1. David has already booked the ticket. (改为否定句) _____________________________

2. I have had my lunch already. (改为一般疑问句) _____________________________

3. The Smiths have had a holiday since Christmas. (对划线部分提问) __________________

4. The dog has been dead for three days. (改为同义句) _____________________________

5. I have been to Beijing three times. (对划线部分提问) __________________________

三、翻译下列句子。

1. “你曾去过香港吗?” “不,从没去过。”

“____ you ever ____ to Hong Kong?” “No, ____.”

2. 他从未去过长城。

He ____ ____ ____ to the Great Wall.

3. 我叔叔离开上海一周了。他是上星期六离开的。

My uncle ____ ____ ____ ____ Shanghai for a week. He ____ last Saturday.

4. “你到这里多久了?” “两天吧。”

“____ ____ ____ you ____ here?” “For two days.”

5. 这自行车我买了三年多了。

I ____ ____ the bike ____ over three years.

关于英语现在完成时的用法 篇8

现在完成时有两层含义：1.表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果2.表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在

现在完成时的构成： 主语+have/has +动词的过去分词.(have/has done, have/has been done)

2

现在完成时的基本句型：

基本结构：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词(pp)(V-ed) eg done

①肯定句：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词(pp)(V-ed)+宾语 ②否定句：主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词(pp)(V-ed)+宾语 ③一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词(pp)(V-ed)+宾语 ④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句(have/has+主语+过去分词(V-ed)+其他)

3

现在完成时常用的时间状语有：

lately ,recently ,just, already, yet, up to now,

till now,so far,to this day,

in the past few years/months/weeks/da over the past few years,

during the last three months,for the last few centuries,

一般过去时与现在完成时的区别 篇9

一般过去时与现在完成时都是发生在过去的动作，但一般过去时就象used to do something 一样，是过去曾经做过某事，现在不这样了,与现在毫无延续性，补做性，影响性，是完全无关系了。一般过去时是已有历史定论的，与现在无关的，已尘封的历史往事，没有重做，补做的可能或必要。而现在完成时则强调过去动作对现在有影响，如未完成时极需及时重做，补做。如“Have you had breakfast？Where did you have it？When did you have it ？”强调你现在是饱还是饿的状态，如还没吃早餐那在时间上还完全来得马上去吃。询问的时间肯定是中午十一点之前问的，十二点时就没必要这样问了。因为不可能补吃早餐了，可以吃中餐了啊。至于用Where，When来提问过去动作，有了吃早餐的时间和地点，那吃早餐就立刻成为确定尘封的历史往事，肯定已经吃过早餐，无所谓重吃，补吃，无所谓饿的影响了。“你看过这部电影吗？”，问你现在知道这电影的内容吗，可以和我交流对这电影的看法吗？如你还没看过可找时间去补看。这些都是现在完成时的特点。下面判别一下那一句应该用现在完成时，那一句应用一般过去时？

1． 我明天去武汉，你去过武汉吗？I am going to Wuhan，have you been to Wuhan？

（对现在有影响）

2． 范仲淹去过武汉吗？（尘封的历史往事，用过去式）did Fan go to Wuhan ？

3． 你学过钢琴吗？能弹一首曲给我听吗？Have you learned playing piano ？Can you

play some music for me ？（对现在有影响）

4． 你小时候学过钢琴吗？你在北京的时候去过长城吗？（有确定时间，地点“小时

候”“在北京的时候”就肯定是尘封的确定的往事，纯过去时，不能用现在完成时。）

5． 老人家,你年轻时谈过恋爱吗?（有确定时间，地点“年轻时”“小时候”“在北

京的时候”就肯定是尘封的确定的往事，纯过去时，不能用现在完成时。）

现在完成时一点就通 篇10

一、考查与现在完成时连用的时间状语

1. —Chen Jie, the workers _________ our new library already.

—Really? I’ll go there and borrow some books. (2007年浙江宁波)

A. decorateB. are decorating

C. have decoratedD. were decorated

2. I have known the writer for several years. I am reading his latest book, but I__________ it yet. (2006年江苏宿迁)

A. have finished B. hadn’t finished

C. am not finishingD. haven’t finished

3. —Would you like to see the film with me?

—I’m sorry I _________ it twice. (2007年北京)

A. see B. will see

C. have seen D. am seeing

4. —I’m sorry to keep you waiting so long.

—Oh, not at all. I ___________ for only several minutes. (2007年湖北襄樊)

A. will be B. have been

C. was D. had been

5. —You are leaving your school. How do you like it?

—Very much, of course. I _________ this school since I moved here.

(2006年湖北黄冈)

A. came toB. have gone to

C. have been atD. have been to

6. In the past few years there __________ great changes in my hometown.

(2007年天津)

A. have been B. were

C. had beenD. are

[一点就通]

与现在完成时连用的时间状语主要有以下几类：①already, ever, just, never, yet, recently等表示时间的副词；②once, twice, three times等表示次数的词或词组；③for连接的表示一段时间的词组；④since连接的表示过去某一时刻的词、词组或时间状语从句。需要注意的是，since引导的状语从句中的谓语动词要用一般过去时。⑤in the past/last+一段时间，意为“在过去的……”。

二、考查have/has gone to和have/has been to的区别

7. —Hello, this is Lily speaking. Could I speak to Mr. Black?

—Sorry. He __________ the Xuanwu Lake Park. (2007年江苏南京)

A. has been to B. went to

C. has gone to D. will go to

8. —Please tell me how many times _________ to the Summer Palace.

—Only once. (2007年江苏无锡)

A. have you gone B. you have gone

C. have you been D. you have been

[一点就通]

have/has gone to意为“到某地去了”，可能在途中，也可能已经到达了目的地；have/has been to意为“（曾经）去过某地”，现在已经回来了。

三、考查现在完成时与for, since连用表示持续性动作或状态的用法

9. My father _________ on business for two week. He will return in 3 days.

(2007年内蒙古乌兰察布)

A. leftB. has left

C. has goneD. has been away

10. —How long have you __________ your watch? It looks new.

—Only about three weeks. (2007年浙江宁波)

A. had B. bought

C. received D. borrowed

11. —I’m sorry, John. I _________ your radio for such a long time.

—Never mind. You can still ___________ it a little longer if you like.

(2007年内蒙古呼和浩特)

A. have borrowed; kept

B. have lent; kept

C. have kept; keep

D. have returned; kept

12. It __________ ten years since we last ________ in Beijing. (2006年河北)

A. was, metB. has been, met

C. was, meet D. is, meet

13. —Hi. I_________ you for a long time.

—Iin Beijing. I have just come back. (2007年湖北随州)

A. hadn’t seen; amB. haven’t seen; shall be

C. didn’t see; will be D. haven’t seen; was

[一点就通]

在现在完成时的肯定句中，谓语只能是持续性动词，不能用终止性动词，常见的终止性动词有come, go, leave, join, arrive, buy, die等。如果要表达这些动作发生了多长时间，需要把它们转换成能够表示持续意义的动词或短语，常见的转换方法有：①转换成“be+名词/形容词/副词/介词短语”这种系表结构。如，come→ be in, go→ be at, leave→ be away, join the army→ be a soldier/in the army, die→ be dead等；②用延续性动词替换终止性动词，如，buy→ have, borrow → keep等；③用“It is/has +一段时间+since+从句(用一般过去时)”表示；④用“一段时间+has passed + since+从句(用一般过去时)”表示。

注意：终止性动词在现在完成时的否定句中可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。

U5Grammar现在完成时教案 篇11

现在完成时(一)

1. 现在完成时定义：强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。

例如：

Betty went to the park yesterday. (强调去公园的动作发生在昨天)

Betty has been to the park before. (强调不仅去过公园，而且了解公园的状况)

2. 现在完成时的谓语结构：have/has + 动词的过去分词

例如：

I’ve always wanted to go on a dream holiday.

句中的谓语结构为：have wanted

Lingling has visited the US.

句中的谓语结构为：has visited

3. 句式结构

(1)肯定句式：主语+have / has+动词过去分词+其他。

(2)否定句式：主语+have / has+not+动词过去分词+ 其他。have not 和has not 分别缩写为haven’t和hasn’t。

(3)一般疑问句式：Have / Has+主语+动词过去分词+其他? 肯定答语为Yes, 主语+have / has.;否定答语为No, 主语+haven’t / hasn’t.

4. 过去分词的构成

规则动词过去分词的构成规则与规则动词过去式的构成规则相同。

(1)动词一般在词尾加“-ed”。如：work→worked→worked

(2)以“e”结尾的动词，词尾直接加“-d”。 如：live→lived→lived

(3)以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的动词，将“y”变为 “i”，再加“-ed”。如：cry→cried→cried

(4)以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“-ed”。如：stop→stopped→stopped

Module3 Journey to space

现在完成时(二)

1. 当表示动作已经完成，并对现在有一定影响时，我们一般用现在完成时。同时，可分用just, already或yet加以强调或说明。例如：

I have just heard the news. 我刚听到消息。

Astronauts have already been to the moon. 宇航员已经去过月球了。

He has just started to explore other planets. 我们才刚刚开始探索其他行星。

可以看出，just 用来表示“刚刚”， already 用来表示“已经”，两者都用于肯定句中，一般是置于have / has 之后。在否定句中则可用yet, 表示“还未”， 有“以后可以会”的含义。

例如：

The scientists have not heard from it yet. 科学家还没有收到它发出的信息。

Man has not discovered any life in space yet. 人类尚未在太空中发现生命。

2. 另外，在使用现在完成时的时候，要注意与一般过去时的区别。现在完成时在表达经历时只表示该事件是在现在之前的某一个时间里发生的，重点在于已完成动作对现在的影响。而一般过去时则表示在过去某一具体时间发生的事情。例如：

I have just been to London. I went there last month. 我刚去过伦敦，上个月去的。

I have already finished my homework. I finished it an hour ago. 我已经完成家庭作业了，一小时前完成的。

3. 在没有明确的过去时间状语时，如何判断该用现在完成时还是该用过去时呢?判断的标准是看该行为是否对现在有影响，也就是说该句强调的是什么。试看以下对话：

A: Where have you put my book? I can’t find it. 你把我的书放哪儿去了?我找不到。

B: I put it on your desk yesterday. 我昨天放你桌子上了。

该对话中，当A 问对方把自己的书放在何处时，A 感兴趣的是现在的状态，因此用现在完成时。但是B 回答时只是说明当时放的位置，所以用一般过去时。再看下面的对话：

A: Would you like to go and see the film with me tonight ? 你今晚想和我去看电影吗?

B: Sorry, I have seen it already. 不好意思，我已经看过那部电影了。

对话中的现在完成时表示对结果的强调：“电影看过了，所以不想再看了。

现在完成时(三)

1. 现在完成时定义：也可以表示某一动作从过去一直延续到现在。

例如：Jane has kept the book for three days. 简已经借这本书三天了。

The boy has had the bike since last Sunday. 自从上周五，这个男孩就买了这辆自行车。

2. 现在完成时的时间短语：for和since时间短语是现在完成时的常用时间短语，是现在完成时的标志。

for后面加时间段，表示一段时间。

例如：for two weeks;for one month

since后面加时间点，表示自……以来。

例如：since last week;since

注意：对for和since时间短语提问用How long

注意：动词分为延续性动词(表示延续性的动作或状态)和瞬间动词(表示动作在瞬间完成)。

延续性动词常和表示时间段的短语连用。例如for短语和since短语。

瞬间动词不能和for短语和since短语连用。

例如：His father has died for two years.(×)

His father has been dead for two years. (√)

一般过去时常犯错误

1. 把动词变为过去式易出错。

例如：They stoped talking just now.

解析：stop的过去时为stopped。辅音加y，y变i加ed;元音加y，在词尾直 接加ed。

2. 忘记把动词变为过去式。

例如：I fly kites on the afternoon of last Sunday.

解析：fly应该用过去式flew。对此，我们应该记住在一般过去时的时态里，过去式不要忘记。

3. 在句式变换时出错。

例如：We didn’t went last Friday.

解析：didn’t went应改为didn’t go。请记住“见助动词用原形”。

4. 易与现在完成时弄混。

例如：I saw the film, so I don’t want to go now.

解析：正确答案为：I have seen the film, so I don’t want to go now.“我不想去”说明了我了解这部影片的内容，强调现在的情况，应该用现在完成时。

时态区分

一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成时。观察下列句子。

1. I often watch cartoons films. 我经常看卡通片。

2. I watched Spiderman last week. 我上周看了《蜘蛛侠》。

3. I have already watched Spiderman. I do not want to watch it again. 我已看过《蜘蛛侠》了，不想再看了。

可以看出：

1. 经常性、习惯性的动作，所以用一般现在时。

2. 在过去某个时间发生的行为，用一般过去时。

3. 动作也是在过去，但是没有明确的表示过去的时间，并且强调的是结果，即现在不想看了，所以用现在完成时。

简单句的基本结构

英语是一种结构型的语言，动词在句型构成中起着重要作用。英语的句子以谓语为中心，前面是动作的执行者(被动语态除外)，后面接动作的承受者。

1. 主语+系动词+表语(+状语)

主语+系动词+表语+状语

These books are interesting.

Tom is very happy today.

2. 主语+谓语(不及物动词)(+状语)

主语 谓语 状语

The first book came out in .

The rain has stopped.

3.(状语+)主语+谓(及物动词+宾(+状语)

状语+主语+谓语+宾语+状语

I bought a very good book last week.

Every day my mother prepares breakfast for me.

4.主语 + 谓语(及物动词)+ 间接宾语 + 直接宾语 +(状语)

主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语+状语

His hobby has brought him enjoyment.

My father bought me a very good bikeon my birthday.

5.主语 + 谓语(及物动词)+ 宾语 + 宾语补足语(+状语)

主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语+状语

We can help you develop new skills step by step.

I do not want you to work too hard.

The news made everyone happy.

6. There +be +主语(+状语)

There be+主语+状语

There are many books in his schoolbag.