动词原形变过去式变化规则(精选5篇)
动词原形变过去式变化规则 篇1
动词过去式变化规则
I一般过去时态
定义:表示过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态。结构:“主语+动词的过去式” 用法:
1.表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。He was here yesterday.I got up at seven yesterday morning.My mother was at work yesterday afternoon.Did you have a good time last summer? 2.表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。
My mother often went to work by taxi last year.When I was a student, I often listened to music.3.常与一般过去时态连用的时间有:一般过去式的用法:
一般过去式 表示过去的动作和状态,通常一般过去式带有表示动作时间状语的词,词组或从句, 如yesterday, the day before last, last week, two days ago 等,上下文清楚时可以不带时间状语。
I worked in that factory last year.去年我在那一家工厂工作。I met him yesterday.昨天我碰见了他。
I went to the Tian Long Mountain yesterday.昨天我们去了天龙山。
一般过去式构成:表示一般过去式的动词通常用动词的过去式形式来表示,而动词的过去式是在动词原形的基础上变化的。动词的过去式可分为规则动词和不规则动词。
4.一般过去时的标志词:
last year;last night
yesterday(+morning, afternoon, evening)in +过去时间词: in 1998„ 依上下文或句子。
II 过去式规则变化
(a)动词词尾+“ed”。walk →walked(走)need →needed(需要)(b)动词词尾为“e”时,加“-d”live →lived(住)like→liked(喜欢)(c)动词词尾为“辅音字母+y”时,去“y”加“ied”,若是词尾为“元音字母+y”,只加“ed”。study →studied(学习)play→played(游戏)
(d)原形动词词尾为重读闭音节时,先双写该辅音字母再+“ed”
stop →stopped
过去式“-ed”的发音规则
(1)动词词尾为“t,d”时,发/ Id /音,want →wanted(要)need →needed(需要)(2)动词词尾为等清辅音时,发/ t / 音。
help →helped(帮助)laugh →laughed(笑)look →looked(看)kiss →kissed(吻)wash →washed(洗)watch →watched(注视)(3)动词词尾为以外之浊辅音或元音时,发/ d /音。
call →called(叫)stay→stayed(停留)cry→cried(哭)III 过去式不规则变化
(一)不变 1.cut-cut 2.let-let 3.put-put 4 read-read 5.Must-must
(二)改成a
1.come-came 2.become-became 3.begin-began 4.drink-drank 5.have-had 6.run-ran 7.sit-sat 8.ring-rang 9.sing-sang 10.swim-swam 11.give-gave
(三)改成ght
1.think-thought
2.fight-fought
3.bring-brought
4.buy-bought 5.catch-caught
6.teach-taught
(四)改成t
1.keep-kept
2.sleep-lept
3.sweep-swept
4.feel-felt 5.spend-spent
6.learn-learnt
7.mean-meant
(五)改成ew
1.blow-blew
2.know-knew 3.grow-grew 4.draw-drew 5.throw-threw
6.fly-flew
(六)改成o
1.get-got 2.forget-forgot
3.write-wrote 4.ride-rode 5.drive-drove 6.sell-sold 7.tell-told
8.stand-stood
9.understand-understood 10.speak-spoke
11.hear-heard 12.take-took
(七)其他形式
1.make-made
2.hear-heard
3.eat-ate
4.mean-meant 5.say-said
6.find-found
7.meet-met
8.see-saw 9.can-could
10.shall-should
11.will-would
12.may-might 13.go-went
14.see-saw
15.wear-wore
(八)易错型 Think-thought / thank-thanked take-took / talk-talked
提示
a.beat的过去式与原形同形:
beat(打击)beat(过去式)beaten(过去分词)
b.lie有规则变化和不规则变化两种,含义不同 lie lied, lied(说谎)lie lay, lain(躺,位于)
c.hang 有规则变化和不规则变化两种,含义不同 hang hanged, hanged(处绞刑)hang hung, hung(挂,吊)d.welcome(欢迎)一词是规则动词,不可误用为不规则动词 welcome welcomed, welcomed(正)welcome, welcome(误)
e.不要将不规则动词误用为规则动词 hit(打)hit(正)hit(打)hitted(误)
IV.句型转化:
1.be 动词的过去时的句型如下:
(1)否定句:主语 + be动词的过去式(was, were)+ not„(2)疑问句: be动词的过去式(was, were)+ 主语„? a.He was busy yesterday.(肯定句)他昨天很忙。b.He was not busy yesterday.(否定句)他昨天不忙。c.Was he busy yesterday?(疑问句)他昨天忙吗?
d.There weren’t any boys in the room.房间里没有男孩儿。e.Were there any boys in the room? 房间里有男孩儿吗?
2.行为动词的否定式和疑问式:
(1)若肯定句中只有一个行为动词,那就得在行为动词前加上did not或缩略式didn’t,并把这个行为动词由过去式改为动词原形。例如:
a.I called Lin Tao yesterday afternoon.→I did not / didn’t call Lin Tao yesterday afternoon.b.I borrowed a book from Sun Yang last Sunday.→ I didn’t borrow a book from Sun Yang last Sunday.(2)行为动词的一般疑问句
若在陈述句中只有行为动词的过去式,那就得在句首加上一个助动词did来帮助提问,然后把句中的行为动词由过去式改为动词原形,并在句末打上问号。回答时别忘了还用did.例如:
a.We stayed there for 10 days last month.→ Did you stay there for 10 days last month? Yes, we did./ No, we didn’t.b.Mary had a delicious dinner yesterday evening.→ Did Mary have a delicious dinner yesterday evening? Yes, she did./ No, she didn’t
动词变过去式的规则以及发音规律
规则动词的过去式由“动词原形+-ed”构成,具体变化有: 1.直接在词尾加-ed。如:
want—wanted,work—worked,need—needed,clean—cleaned
2.以不发音的e结尾的在词尾加-d。如:
like—liked,live—lived,use—used,move—moved 3.以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,先双写结尾的辅音字母,再加-ed。如:stop—stopped,trip—tripped
4.以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先把y变成i,再加-ed。如:
study—studied, carry—carried, hurry—hurried, marry—married 不规则动词的过去式见课本后的不规则动词表。大体上归纳有以下六条记忆法:
1.以t结尾的词,过去式与原形相同。如put—put, let—let, cut—cut, beat—beat 2.以d结尾的词,把d变成t。如:build—built, lend—lent,send—sent, spend—spent
3.以n结尾的词,在词后加t。如:mean—meant, burn—burnt, learn—learnt 4.以ow / aw结尾的词,把ow / aw变成ew。如:
blow—blew, draw—drew, know—knew, grow—grew
5.含有双写字母的词,将双写改为单写,在词尾加t。如:
keep—kept, sleep—slept, feel—felt, smell—smelt
6.含有元音字母o / i的词,将o / i变成a。如:
sing—sang, give—gave, sit—sat, drink—drank
规则动词词尾加-ed有三种读音:
1.在清辅音后读作[t]。如:asked, helped, watched, stopped
2在浊辅音和元音后读作[d]。如:enjoyed, studied, moved, called 3.在t / d后读作[id]。如:wanted, needed
动词原形变过去式变化规则 篇2
一、不规则动词的过去式和过去分词相同,即“ABB”型
1.元音字母有变化的有:
get—got—got(得到)
sit—sat—sat(坐)
win—won—won(获得、赢得)
shine—shone—shone(发光)
find—found—found(发现)
hold—held—held(握)
meet—met—met(遇见)
stand—stood—stood(站立)
understand—understood—understood(理解)
2.辅音字母有变化的有:
make—made—made(做)
have/has—had—had(有)
build—built—built(建立)
lend—lent—lent(借出)
spend—spent—spent(花费)
3.在原动词后加“t”或“d”的有:
learn—learnt—learnt(学习)
mean—meant—meant(意思是)
hear—heard—heard(听见)
pay—paid—paid(付款)
say—said—said(说)
4.元音字母和辅音字母都有变化的有:
(A)组:
feel—felt—felt(感觉)
smell—smelt—smelt(闻)
spell—spelt—spelt(拼写)
keep—kept—kept(保持)
sleep—slept—slept(睡觉)
sweep—swept—swept(打扫)
leave—left—left(离开)
sell—sold—sold(卖)
tell—told—told(告诉)
(B)组:
catch—caught—caught(捕捉)
teach—taught—taught(教学)
buy—bought—bought(买)
bring—brought—brought(拿来)
think—thought—thought(想)
二、不规则动词的过去式和过去分词与原形相同,即“AAA”型
hit—hit—hit(打击)
hurt—hurt—hurt(伤害)
let—let—let(让)
put—put—put(放置)
read—read—read(读)
三、不规则动词的过去分词与其原形相同,即“ABA”型
come—came—come(来)
run—ran—run(跑)
四、不规则动词的过去式和过去分词不同,即“ABC”型
1.在元音字母上变化:
ring—rang—rung(按铃)
sing—sang—sung(唱歌)
drink—drank—drunk(喝)
swim—swam—swum(游泳)
begin—began—begun(开始)
2.在动词原形后加“-en”构成过去分词:
eat—ate—eaten(吃)
fall—fell—fallen(落下)
ride—rode—ridden(骑)
write—wrote—written(写)
be—was/were—been(是)
3.在动词的原形后加“-n”构成过去分词:
see—saw—seen(看见)
give—gave—given(给)
drive—drove—driven(驾驶)
take—took—taken(取)
mistake—mistook—mistaken(弄错)
blow—blew—blown(吹)
throw—threw—thrown(扔)
draw—drew—drawn(绘制)
grow—grew—grown(成长)
know—knew—known(知道)
show—shew—showen(出示)
4.在动词的过去式后加“-n”构成过去分词:
break—broke—broken(打破)
speak—spoke—spoken(说)
choose—chose—chosen(选择)
5.其它情况:
do—did—done(做)
go—went—gone(去)
fly—flew—flown(飞)
动词变过去分词规则表 篇3
(1)一般动词,在词尾直接加“-ed”。(然而要注意的是,过去分词并不是过去式)
work——worked——worked,visit——visited——visited
(2)以不发音的.“e”结尾的动词,只在词尾加“d”。
live——lived——lived
(3)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,将”y“变为”i",再加“-ed”。
study—studied—studied,cry—cried—cried,try—tried—tried,fry—fried—fried.
(4)重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母(r、y、x除外),先双写该辅音字母,再加“-ed”。
动词的不规则过去式和过去分词表 篇4
⒈A---A---A型(现在式、过去式、过去分词同形)
动词原形(现在式)过去式,过去分词
cost cost cost 花费
put put put 放下
read read read 读(读音是ABB型)
hurt hurt hurt 伤
⒉A---A---B型(现在式和过去式同形)
beat beat beaten打
⒊A---B---A型(现在式和过去分词同形)
come came come来
become became become变
⒋A---B---B型
⑴在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d或t构成过去式或过去分词。
burn burnt burnt燃烧
learn learned/learnt learned/learnt学习
⑵把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t”构成过去式或过去分词。
build built built建筑
lend lent lent借给
⑶其他
pay paid paid付
动词原形变过去式变化规则 篇5
1、一般过去时:表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状态连用, 如yesterday, this morning, just now, ago,last weekend, last Sunday 等.2、常用句型:
(1)、陈述句:主语+行为动词的过去式+……
(2)、一般疑问句:Did+主语+行为动词原形+……?
(3)、特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+did+主语+行为动词原形+……?
(4)、否定句: 主语+ didn’t + 动词原形+……
3、规则动词的变化规则:
①一般在动词原形末尾直接加上-ed。如:look-looked。
②以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,直接加-d。如:live-livedlike—liked ③以重读闭音节结尾,双写词尾的辅音字母,再加-ed。如:stop-stopped
④末尾是辅音字母+y结尾的动词,先变y为i,然后再加-ed。如:study-studied
4、不规则行为动词的过去式
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