中学生英文小说(通用8篇)
中学生英文小说 篇1
·明天又是另外一天了
仅仅写了一部作品就名扬天下并在文坛上有一席之地的作家是绝无仅有的。她唯一的作品《飘》一经问世便成了美国小说中最畅销的作品。自1936年出版之日起,《飘》这部美国内战时期的罗曼史边打破了所有的出版记录。1937年,小说获得普利策奖。三年后被改编成电影,连电影也成了美国电影史上的经典之作。
作者玛格丽特出生在美国南方城市亚特兰大,是哥典型的南方姑娘。出生于1900年的她并没有经历过美国南北战争,但是,由于亚特兰大在美国内战期间曾经被北方军攻陷,落入北方军将领舍曼之手,所以,这段历史成了亚特兰大市民十分热衷的话题。玛格丽特从小听到许多关于这段历史的谈论,这使她萌发了创作一部以美国南北战争为题材的小说的想法。一经作出决定,亚特兰大也就理所当然地被作者定为小说的创作背景。小说初稿早在1929年就已经完成,但玛格丽特并未马上付印,而是几经修改,终于使小说成了一本举足轻重的是世界名著,至今魅力仍经久不衰。正如有的出版商所说,《飘》的读者群是一代接一代的。老一辈读者有之,中年一代亦不乏其人,年轻读者的数量更是大得惊人。
《飘》是一部有关战争的小说,但作者玛格丽特没有把着眼点放在战场上。除了亚特兰大失陷前五角场上躺满伤病员那悲壮的一幕外,其他战争场景并没有花费作者过多的笔墨。作为第一部从南方女性角度来书写美国内战的小小说,玛格丽特着重描写了留在后方家里的妇女饱受战乱之苦的体验和感受,从战争伊始对战争怀有的崇敬心理、对战争全然的支持,到因战争而带来的失去亲人的痛苦、不得不屈服于失败的命运以及战后重建家园的艰辛历程。战争失败了,有的人因此而意志消沉,失去了原有的斗志,无法调整好自己的心态,面对战后支离破碎的生活。反之,另外一些人则克服了失败的心理,凛然面对严酷的现实,成了生活中不畏困难、重新前进在生活旅途上的强者。
这其中就有女主人公郝思嘉。应该说,小说中最具吸引力的人物非她莫属。出身种植主家庭的思嘉年轻漂亮,个性鲜明。然而,不幸的是,在她尚属青春年少的十六岁花季时,思嘉就遭遇了情场失意的痛苦。她爱上了风度翩翩的邻居卫希礼,可卫希礼却娶了善解人意的表妹媚兰。使郝思嘉更加不幸的是,战乱接踵而至,整个南方社会不得不投身战争岁月。在残酷的战争和艰辛的生活这双重重压之下,历经磨难的郝思嘉成了一位二十八岁岁的成熟女性。
郝思嘉的父亲是个爱尔兰移民,身无分文的她只身来到美国,通过玩一手好牌和喝酒的海量赢得了一片红色的土地,几经创业把其发展成一个收入颇丰的种植园。思嘉的母亲出身于海滨城市萨凡纳的名门望族,因为情场失意赌气嫁给了比她大将近二十岁的郝嘉乐。作为他们的大女儿,思嘉既沿袭了父亲豪爽、粗犷、不拘小节、脾气暴躁的性格,自小又受到母亲良好家教和道德观念的教诲。所以,她的性格是个矛盾的统一体。她既想做个像她妈妈那样有大家闺秀风范的淑女,骨子里又有背叛妈妈的道德框框的反骨。正是血管里流着的这种充满矛盾的血液造就了思嘉敢爱敢恨、认定自己的目标便勇往直前、不择手段的性格特点。小说《飘》出版后,美国评论界对郝思嘉的性格莫衷一是,有人把郝思嘉说成是一个好不足取的女性。美国诗人约翰p.毕晓普曾经说过:“在任何情况下,郝思嘉都是毫不足取的女性。她吝啬迷信,还自私自利,简直无人可比。她显然属于她那一阶层的一员,但她只有在少女时代才在表面上有点该阶层的言谈举止;属于他们的情感,她却从来没有共享过。人是要有精神的,这一点于她是不可理解的,至于说思想,他知道的最多的就是那种属于小农意识的卑劣的狡诈伎俩。基于这一点,除了她那珍贵的皮肤、土地、和钱财以外,她什么也不看重。而这些正是使她的狡诈伎俩可以永久延续下去的东西。她手里抓着这个,眼里又觊觎另一个,为此,她杀了一个前来偷盗的北方士兵,洗劫了他的尸体、结了好几次婚、购买锯木厂、剥削囚犯的劳动、行使欺骗术、无情地把好几个人送上了西天。”
可以说,毕晓普用洗练的概述把郝思嘉为人鄙视的一面做了精确地描述。然而,作为纷繁复杂的社会的一员,人的性格绝对不可能是单一的。所以,既没有绝对的好人,也没有全然的坏人。人只能是个多面体,人的性格也只能是多种性格特点的总和。主人公郝思嘉就是这样的多面体之一。在郝思嘉身上,我们可以很清楚地看到传统与反传统的冲突在她身上的体现。毋庸置疑,她的性格有不足取的一面,但同样也有为人欣赏的一面。尽管她有这样那样的缺点,但她还是受到广大观众的欢迎,而使这一点成为可能的正是她性格中为人欣赏的那一面也就凸显了出来。
玛格丽特在书中刻画了诸多南方妇女形象。通过对比,郝思嘉毫不虚伪、充分表现“真我”的性格特点便在读者面前一览无遗。在故事发生的那个年代,上流社会对妇女的要求是颇为苛刻的。女孩子要让先生们欣赏,很大的一面就是要伪装自己,把真正的自我隐藏起来。不管这个女孩多么聪明,多么有主见,她在先生们面前都要表现得很柔弱、很无知。她们最好是胆小如鼠的懦弱女子,一见到老鼠就跳到凳子上;一听见令人惊愕的事就要晕过去;在别人家吃东西要像小鸟一样少,哪怕是别人的宴会有许多美味佳肴而自己也很想品尝也白搭;对先生们说话要表现得尽量无知,即使她们认为先生们其实很愚蠢,她们也还得假装崇拜他们的样子,要不时违心地对先生们夸上几句。这么做的目的无非是为了能合乎上流社会社会的习惯和所谓的美德,为了能找到一个体面、尊贵、有钱的丈夫;而一旦结了婚,她便成了男人的附庸,成了生儿育女的机器,而结了婚的女人自己亲自打点生意,就算她的丈夫是个很不精明的生意人,那也是离经叛道的行为,是绝对行不通的。然而,郝思嘉对这些做法嗤之以鼻,对所有这一切发起了义无反顾的挑战。
作者对思嘉的反叛行为最集中的描述就是她怂恿卫希礼和她私奔以及她婚后自己经营锯木厂这两件事上。年方二八的郝思嘉爱上了貌似风流倜傥的邻居卫希礼。遗憾的是,卫希礼却要和他的表妹媚兰结婚了。思嘉为了得到自己的所爱,采取了大胆的行动。在宣布卫希礼和媚兰要结婚的野餐会上,思嘉想办法单独面见希礼,坦言自己对他的爱情,怂恿他和自己私奔。遭到拒绝后,思嘉毫不犹豫地给了他一巴掌。而后,为了报复,她不假思索地嫁给了媚兰的哥哥查理。读者可以想像,在当时传统习俗根深蒂固的美国南方,一个女孩子要作出这样的举动要有多大的勇气。郝思嘉在这个问题表现了她敢爱敢恨的个性,一如她一开始对白瑞德的恨意。她不像别的女孩,把爱深埋在心里,不敢对自己所爱的人言明。在她看,哪怕有一线希望,也应该争取的到自己的幸福。
作者对郝思嘉表现真我的个性刻画还体现在另一件事情上。那就是,郝思嘉再嫁给第二任丈夫弗兰克后,自己借钱买下一家锯木厂。让全体亚特兰大人目瞪口呆的是,她居然自己亲自经营锯木厂,根本不理睬对她此举持反对意见的弗兰克。按照亚特兰大传统的思维,嫁给弗兰克后的思嘉应该安分守己,让开店的弗兰克养活自己,自己在家当个相夫教子的太太。可是,思嘉的举动却使亚特兰大人瞠目结舌。她不但在弗兰克生病时接管了店铺的生意,让弗兰克在邻里乡亲面前抬不起头来,而且私自买下了锯木厂,当上了名副其实的女商人。这个举动虽然算不上大逆不道,可对于女人来说也是非常出格的。更令亚特兰大人气愤的是,她凭着自己的姿色和独特的经营方式,挤垮了同行中的男性竞争对手,成了木材行业里的佼佼者。思嘉的举动成了别人议论的中心,闲言碎语、造谣中伤铺天盖地而来。然而,思嘉对这一切置之不理,照样我行我素,朝自己认准的目标前进。其实,思嘉在这一点上的做法正是现代社会中商场竞争的写照。竞争应该对每个人都是平等的,男人也罢,女人也罢。强者存,弱者汰。从这点上说,十九世纪的郝思嘉倒是有了超前的竞争意识和竞争能力。思嘉性格为人称道的另一点是她的责任心。尽管他不喜欢她的妹妹,尽管她对自己的孩子照顾不周,尽管她对黑人态度严厉,但她在最困难的时候并没有抛下大家不顾,而是千方百计统筹安排,带领大家咬紧牙关、挺过饥饿交加的最艰难的时期。她义无反顾地把一切揽在自己的肩上,而这负荷本来是要有两个男人才负担的了的。可她父亲傻了,母亲去世了,身为大女儿的她成了一家之主,她有责任承担这一义务,而她也确实义不容辞地履行了这一职责。为了避免失去家园、无家可归的悲惨命运,她违心地嫁给了她一点都不爱的弗兰克,用自己的幸福为代价换来了挽救塔拉的三百美元。她后来处心积虑地经营锯木厂,千方百计地赚钱,一方面是为了自己不再会有挨饿受冻的威胁,另一方面也是为了塔拉能够维持下去,为了有朝一日塔拉能够恢复过去的风采,也为了家里人能安安稳稳地生活。她虽然也暗暗诅咒这种职责,恨不得能把这些负荷统统甩掉,但是,正如希礼所说的,她永远也做不到这一点。
她的责任心不但表现在她对自己的亲人的照顾上,同样也表现在她对媚兰的态度上。媚兰是查理的妹妹,也就是思嘉的小姑。希礼参军后撇下媚兰孤身一人面对没有男人保护的孤寂,面对生孩子的痛苦,面对战争带来的恐惧。在这样的时刻,陪伴她的只有思嘉。其实,媚兰代替自己占据了希礼的妻子这个位置,思嘉有足够的理由不去关照她。可是她虽然打心眼里不喜欢媚兰,甚至暗暗诅咒她死,但她答应希礼要照顾媚兰。为了履行自己的诺言,不顾自己的生命危险保护她,陪伴她。因为她不仅仅是希礼的妻子,而且还是她的小姑。从思嘉对媚兰的态度,读者似乎也能预见到媚兰死后,思嘉肯定又会承担起照顾希礼和他的儿子的义务,因为她已经在媚兰临终前答应了她。
如果说思嘉对媚兰的照顾完全是因为顾及希礼的情面,是为了她所爱的人的话,那思嘉对白蝶姑妈的照顾就跟爱情没有任何瓜葛了。白蝶是查理的姑妈,思嘉自从来到亚特兰大后就已经把照顾白蝶当成自己的责任了。媚兰怀孕后,按理留下来帮助媚兰的应该是上了年纪的白蝶姑妈,可白蝶姑妈早就扔下媚兰逃难去了。因为她没有能力照顾媚兰,也没有勇气面对北方军的来临。而在思嘉嫁给白瑞德后,白蝶姑妈的生活来源也全都靠思嘉。没有思嘉,她根本没有能力生存下去。因为她的产业全都被战争给毁了,而身为侄女和侄女婿的媚兰和希礼自顾不暇,根本没有经济能力来资助她。所以,总的说,思嘉是一个很有责任心的人。姑且不管她这么做是乐意与不乐意,但她毕竟做了,尽了一份责任。所以,她在这方面为人称道的一面是不应被抹杀的。
思嘉的性格中最能给人鼓舞的一点还是她面对现实、不畏困难的精神。综观思嘉的一生,从故事开篇情场失意开始,打击一个连着一个。如果不是能够面对现实这一点支撑着她,她早就会被挫折、困难打倒了。年仅十六七岁的郝思嘉就经历了失恋的痛苦,紧接着是丧父的伤痛。年仅十七岁的她就已经成了有一个儿子的寡妇。如果说着一切都还只是个人生活上的不幸的话,那席卷整个南方的战乱给她带来的痛苦就是人所共知的了。我们来看看这么一幕:亚特兰大失陷前夕,郝思嘉拖着刚刚生过孩子的奄奄一息媚兰和自己被炮火及北方军吓坏的孩子逃离亚特兰大,历经千辛万苦回到塔拉。思嘉从小崇拜妈妈,一有困难就去寻求妈妈的保护伞。此时的她之所以一心想回家,是因为她认为到家了就可以卸下自己肩头的担子,天塌下来自有爸爸妈妈去顶住,回家后的她又可以过上少女般无忧无虑的日子。殊不知,正当思嘉为塔拉没有被无情的战火摧毁感到庆幸时,一场更大的灾难正等着她。回到家的她愕然发现,妈妈在前一天刚刚去世,爸爸因妈妈的辞世已经傻了。家里十来张嘴要吃饭,而塔拉种植园留给她的却几乎一无所有。
注视着默默望着她的一双双眼睛,面对一张张面黄肌瘦的脸,思嘉没有绝望,没有气馁,她既没有沉溺在过去美好的岁月中,也没有自暴自弃,得过且过。她下决心要让塔拉存在下去,要让塔拉的人挺过这个艰难时世。她亲自下地摘棉花;拎着篮子在烈日下到邻居废弃的果园里挖剩下的菜蔬;骑着唯一的一匹孱弱的小马到邻居家借种子、了解外界的情况;甚是杀了一个前来偷盗的北方士兵。在塔拉受到要挟、大家面临无家可归的威胁时,她带着嬷嬷来到亚特兰大,想利用自己的魅力从白瑞徳手中借钱挽救塔拉。此计不成,她转而向小有资财的弗兰克展开攻势,终于让他拜倒在她的石榴裙下。虽然思嘉把妹妹的男朋友夺了过来,而这也招致了许多人的指责和非难,但是,她不畏困难,敢于面对困难、想尽方法克服困难的勇气着实令人钦佩。我们再来看看小说的结尾。真心爱慕思嘉的白瑞德最终因为失望而决定离开思嘉,而此时的思嘉刚刚才意识到自己真正爱的人其实不是卫希礼,而是白瑞德,只是自己一直不知道而已。可是,白瑞德觉得自己虽然与思嘉生活在一起,但两人的心从来没有合二为一过。爱女的夭折更是使他产生了绝望心里。面对瑞德的离她而去,思嘉虽然也伤心难过,但她没有撒泼耍赖,而是坚强地接受了这一令人难以接受的事实。“我明天再想这事好了,到塔拉去想。那时我就承受得了了。明天我要想个办法重新得到他。毕竟,明天又是另外一天了。”这就是思嘉再碰到困难时屡试不爽的法宝。
“明天又是另外一天了。”这是思嘉的座右铭。她相信,所有的一切痛苦和挫折都将成为过去,明天将会是另一个开始。只要自己付出努力,一切都会好起来的。思嘉一生坎坷,历经磨难,支撑她挺过一道道难关、克服一个个困难的就是这一信条。小说作者原来是要用“明天又是另外一天了”作为小说的书名的。据有关资料记载,作者写本书是最先写好的即是最后一章。可见,作者着重要表现的就是思嘉的这一精神。
有人认为,《飘》出版的年代是三十年代,正是美国历史上的大萧条时期。由于经济滑坡,全国人口失业率激增,许多人生活没有保障,过着艰难的日子。人们于是很难逃避现实,试图回到过去的岁月当中去。他们发现自己正在为生存打一场恶战,这场恶战和内战以后重建时期郝思嘉为生活而打的战役如出一辙。他们同样艰辛,同样困难。虽然郝思嘉采取的作战方式并不是全都合乎道德规范的,但是她至少没有躺下等死,而是竭尽全力去拼搏,去奋斗。人们从郝思嘉身上多多少少获得了面对现实、克服困难的勇气。这是小说一出版就成为了畅销书的原因之一。此种想法无不道理。其实,郝思嘉不畏困难、面对现实的精神和勇气也正是小说历经一个多世纪而魅力仍经久不衰的原因所在。
面对现实、克服困难这一信条不但适用于大萧条时期,而且适用于任何年代。生活对每个时代的每个人来说都是不易的。谁要是在困难面前低头,那他就是生活的弱者;而如若她不畏困难,勇于面对现实,想办法解决困难,那他就是生活的强者。
中学生英文小说 篇2
1.An introduction to romance
In order to acquire a thorough understanding of the artisticcharacteristics of romance upon early English novel,it is necessary to give a brief account of romance.
A.Definition of romance
Romance is the most prevailing kind of literature form in feudalEngland."It was a long composition in verse,sometimes in prose,describing the life and adventure of a noble hero (Liu,2007,p.8)."As Chen Jia states that"Romances,alliterative and metrical,constitute the bulk of the literary works in England in the three centuries after 1066 (1982,p.33)."Based on these two similar definitions of romance,generally speaking,the central character of romance was the knight,a man of noble birth skilled in the use of weapons.The major theme of loyalty to king and lord was repeatedly emphasized in romance,and usually emphasized the chivalric love of the Middle Ages in Europe.
B.Romance in Middle Ages and Renaissance period
Romance was born in the Middle Ages of Europe and wonpeople’s taste immediately.In the Middle Ages,romance was usually written to the noble men,and has nothing to do with the common people.Most of the early middle Age romances depict an antique story in the guise of poetry.At the very beginning,romance appears in a verse form with obvious features of poetry,but the conversion from verse romance to prose romance has produced a revolutionary effect on the creation of romances,which paves the way for the coming of early English novel.Anyway,the invention of romances is a transitional literature form from narrative poetry to early English novel,and the contribution made by romances to the coming of English novel is,without doubt,very unique (Jiang,2005,p.18).In a word,the Middle Age romances are prelude of English novel,and we could hardly acquire a good understanding of English novel without some knowledge of romance (Gao,2003,p.14).
If we say the Middle Age romances are more like poetry,thenthe romances produced in Renaissance period are actually the infants of early English novel.
During the period of Renaissance of England,English romancesget a considerable progress,and hold a large number of readers.To name some of the best works,we have George Gascoigne's The Adventures of Master F.J.Robert Greene’s Pandosto,Philip Sydney's Arcadia.These works best exemplify the artistic characteristics of romances in the Renaissance period,and further mold the shape of early English novel.
Ⅱ.Artistic characteristics of romance
To some extent,we could state that romances provide us withan artistic model early English novel (Hou,2005,p.22).These general artistic characteristics of romance play a significant role in the formation of early English novel.As Li Weiping states,there are generally five major artistic characteristics of English romances (2003,p.30).They are as following:
Romances are inclined to present chivalric spirit and romanticlove,trying to make a perfect combination of these two.
Romances have a relatively free narrative form,which clearlyreveal the artistic taste and ideas of early writers in the process of exploring the ways of writing narrative essays.
Apparently,romances display artistic traces of poetry left uponthem,and rhetorical devices of poetry were frequently employed in romances which actually were based on narrative essay.
Romances were written from a relatively mature,sensitive,philosophical and civilized point of view,so they were favored by upper class intellectuals.
Early romances have already shown a sense of realism in theircontents.
Besides,there are still other subtle artistic characteristicsreflected in romances.For instance,the real description of natural surroundings,the psychological portrayal of characters,the relatively neat organization of plots,the sense of moral education,and the universal value of goodness,etc.As a matter of fact,the above artistic characteristics of romance paved a way for early English writers to exploit a new form of literature which immediately won the taste among people all over the world,that is,the birth of early English novel.
Ⅲ.Artistic characteristics of early English novel
The influences of romance upon early English novel areapparent to us,because the artistic similarities between romance and early English novel can never be ignored.Actually,early English novels always show traces of these influences clearly or subtly.
Stylistically speaking,romances often describe a hero whoexperienced lots of adventures in a remote past or somewhere unknown to us.This kind of work can easily arouse reader's interest as much as possible.Coincidentally,Early English novels are inclined to place its hero in a remote environment and envelop him in a series of adventures as well.Daniel Defoe is always regarded as the forerunner of English novel,and his work may best show us the races of romances left on early English novel.Defoe's masterpiece Robinson Crusoe tells us a seemingly realistic story in an autobiographic form.But in nature,Defoe uses his vast imagination to create a hero who has survived in a remote island for several years.Defoe uses his imagination to create a romantic story to reveal the spirit of the rising bourgeois class.
Thematically speaking,most of the romances extol for man's right to pursue happiness and deserved rights,which propose a contest against the religious doctrine that regards the pursuit of happiness as a kind of human deterioration.In Defoe's masterpiece,Robinson Crusoe,Robinson was born in a family of an old English gentle man who wants his son Robinson to become a lawyer,yet Robinson has set his mind on becoming a sailor.Here,Robinson's pursuit of happiness and freedom in right overshadow the senior man's order,which is a kind of rebellion against power.
The psychological painting in early English novel comes has itsorigins in romances.Romances depict the psychological world of its characters for the first time (Gao,2003,p.5).This kind writing style affect early English novel greatly.In the work of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight,Gawain is painted as a chivalric knight journeyed to meet a sever fighting.Although Gawain is not a real man,the psychological analysis of him is still presented vividly and analyzed as Sir Gawain encounters one strange event after another (Chen,1982,p.38).Well,in Pamela,or,Virtue Rewarded,written by Samuel Richardson and Tom Jones,written by Fielding's,the psychological movements of the characters are frequently presented.
Realistic description in early English novel also has somethingto do with romances.As (Jiang,2005,p.19) States that though romances are more romantic,fictional and chivalric,yet there are still realistic factors rooted in them.In Sir Gawain and the Green Knight,Sir Gawain is an imagined hero who experienced various adventures to challenge the Green Knight.Though many scenes in the story are fabricated,yet the elaborate descriptions of the seasons as well as the places and things witnessed by the hero in the course of his adventure are real reflection of nature (Chen,1982,p.38).It is a sort of realistic presentation of environment.
The artistic characteristics of early English novel show itsintimate relationships with romances.But we should bear in mind that romance is still different from novel in many ways,and it is improper to mix these two literature genres.One thing needs our attention is that romance is a Middle Age literary product which opens the door for diverse flourishing of English literature genres,especially English novel.
Conclusion
Romance does lose its popularity among people's readingflavor,but the abundant literary heritages left by romance are definitely a body of legacies for literature.The artistic characteristics of romance merit our focus if we want to get more knowledge about the birth of English novel.
摘要:英文小说的产生包含了各种复杂的因素,诸如古代希腊文,罗马神话,浪漫主义以及其他复杂的社会因素。在这些因素当中,浪漫主义对英文小说的形成有着密不可分的关系,本文旨在分析浪漫主义的艺术特点对早期英文小说的影响。
关键词:浪漫主义,艺术特点,影响,早期的英文小说
参考文献
[1]、陈嘉.英国文学史[M].北京:商务印书馆,1982;33-39.
[2]、高继海.英国小说史[M].北京:中国社会科学出版社, 2003:3-15.
[3]、侯维瑞.李维屏.英国小说史(上)[M].南京:译林出版社, 2005:18-35.
[4]、蒋承勇.英国小说发展史[M].浙江:浙江大学出版社, 2005:18-22.
[5]、李维屏.英国小说艺术史[M].上海:上海外语教育出版社,2003;2-30.
[6]、刘炳善.英国文学简史[M].郑州:河南人民出版社,2007;8-10.
[7]、左金梅.张德玉.英国文学[M].青岛:中国海洋大学出版社,2004;17-20.
经典英文小说段落赏析 篇3
It is a truth universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife.
However little known the feelings or views of such a man may be on his first entering a neighbourhood, this truth is so well fixed in the minds of the surrounding families that he is considered as the rightful property of some one or other of their daughters.
“My dear Mr. Bennet,” said his lady to him one day, “have you heard that Netherfield Park is rented at last?”
Mr. Bennet replied that he had not.
“But it is,” returned she; “for Mrs. Long has just been here, and she told me all about it.”
Mr. Bennet made no answer.
“Do not you want to know who has taken it?” cried his wife impatiently.
“You want to tell me, and I have no objection to hearing it.”
This was invitation enough.
“Why, my dear, you must know, Mrs. Long says that Netherfield is taken by a young man of large fortune from the north of England; that he came down on Monday in a carriage and four to see the place, and was so much delighted with it that he immediately agreed with Mr. Morris, the landlord of the Park; that he is to take possession before Michaelmas (米迦勒节), and some of his servants are to be in the house by the end of next week.”
“What is his name?”
“Bingley.”
“Is he married or single?”
“Oh! Single, my dear, to be sure! A single man of large fortune; four or five thousand a year. What a fine thing for our girls!”
“How so? How can it affect them?”
“My dear Mr. Bennet,” replied his wife, “how can you be so tiresome! You must know that I am thinking of his marrying one of them.”
“Is that his design in settling here?”
“Design! Nonsense, how can you talk so! But it is very likely that he may fall in love with one of them, and therefore you must visit him as soon as he comes.”
“I see no occasion for that. You and the girls may go, or you may send them by themselves, which perhaps will be still better, for as you are as handsome as any of them, Mr. Bingley might like you the best of the party.”
“My dear, you flatter (奉承) me. I certainly have had my share of beauty, but I do not pretend to be anything extraordinary now. When a woman has five grown up daughters, she ought to give over thinking of her own beauty.”
“In such cases, a woman has not often much beauty to think of.”
“But, my dear, you must indeed go and see Mr. Bingley when he comes into the neighborhood.”
“It is more than I engage for, I assure you.”
“But consider your daughters. Sir William and Lady Lucas are determined to go, merely on that account, for in general you know they visit no newcomers. Indeed you must go, for it will be impossible for us to visit him if you do not.”
...
“My dear, depend upon it that if twenty such young men of four thousand a year come into the neighborhood, I will visit them all,” said Mr. Bennet.
Mr. Bennet was so strange that the experience of threeandtwenty years had not been enough to make his wife understand his character. She was a woman of mean understanding, little information and uncertain temper. The business of her life was to get her daughters married, and its comfort was visiting and news.
《傲慢与偏见》是简·奥斯丁的代表作。这部作品以日常生活为素材,一反当时社会上流行的感伤小说的内容和矫揉造作的写作方法,生动地反映了18世纪末到19世纪初处于保守和闭塞状态下的英国乡镇生活和世态人情。这部社会风情画式的小说不仅在当时吸引着广大的读者,时至今日,仍给读者以独特的艺术享受。本文节选自小说《傲慢与偏见》的一开始部分。
译文
凡是有钱的单身汉,总想娶位太太,这已经成了一条举世公认的真理。这样的单身汉,每逢新搬到一个地方,四邻八舍虽然完全不了解他的性情如何,见解如何,可是,既然这样的一条真理早已在人们心目中根深蒂固,因此人们总是把他看作自己某一个女儿理所应得的一笔财产。
有一天班纳特太太对她的丈夫说:“我的好老爷,尼日斐花园终于租出去了,你听说过没有?”
班纳特先生回答道,他没有听说过。
“的确租出去了,”她说,“朗格太太刚刚上这儿来过,她把这件事的底细一五一十地告诉了我。”
班纳特先生没有理睬她。
“你难道不想知道是谁租去的吗?”太太不耐烦地嚷起来了。
“既是你要说给我听,我听听也无妨。”
这句话足够鼓励她讲下去了。
“哦!亲爱的,你得知道,郎格太太说,租尼日斐花园的是个阔少爷,他是英格兰北部的人;听说他星期一那天,乘着一辆驷马大轿车来看房子,看得非常中意,当场就和莫理斯先生谈妥了;他要在‘米迦勒节以前搬进来,打算下个周未先叫几个佣人来住。”
“这个人叫什么名字?”
“彬格莱。”
“有太太的呢,还是单身汉?”
“噢!是个单身汉,亲爱的,确确实实是个单身汉!一个有钱的单身汉;每年有四五千磅的收入。真是女儿们的福气!”
“这怎么说?关女儿们什么事?”
“我的好老爷,”太太回答道,“你怎么这样叫人讨厌!告诉你吧,我正在盘算,他要是挑中我们一个女儿做老婆,可多好!”
“他住到这儿来,就是为了这个打算吗?”
“打算!胡扯,这是哪儿的话!不过,他倒作兴看中我们的某一个女儿呢。他一搬来,你就得去拜访拜访他。”
“我不用去。你带着女儿们去就得啦,要不你干脆打发她们自己去,那或许倒更好些,因为你跟女儿们比起来,她们哪一个都不能胜过你的美貌,你去了,彬格莱先生倒可能挑中你呢?”
“我的好老爷,你太捧我啦。从前也的确有人赞赏过我的美貌,现在我可有敢说有什么出众的地方了。一个女人家有了五个成年的女儿,就不该对自己的美貌再转什么念头。”
“这样看来,一个女人家对自己的美貌也转不了多少念头喽。”
“不过,我的好老爷,彬格莱一搬到我们的邻近来,你的确应该去看看他。”
“老实跟你说吧,这不是我份内的事。”
“看女儿的份上吧。只请你想一想,她们不论哪一个,要是攀上了这样一个人家,多好。威廉爵士夫妇已经决定去拜望他,他们也无非是这个用意。你知道,他们通常是不会拜望新搬来的邻居的。你的确应该去一次,要是你不去,叫我们怎么去。”
“亲爱的,放心吧,如果有20位年收入达4000镑的年轻男士成为我们的邻居,我会一一拜访的,”班纳特先生说。
——班纳特先生真是个古怪人,他一方面喜欢插科打浑,爱挖苦人,同时又不拘言笑,变幻莫测,真使他那位太太积二十三年之经验,还摸不透他的性格。太太的脑子是很容易加以分析的。她是个智力贫乏、不学无术、喜怒无常的女人,只要碰到不称心的事,她就以为神经衰弱。她生平的大事就是嫁女儿;她生平的安慰就是访友拜客和打听新闻。
英文小说读后感 篇4
In the book, she is a beautiful woman with an angels face and a figure of the devil. And the most profound is her yearning for love and persistence. In the turbulent years of America, she married two men she didnt like, out of frustration with reality. In her love view, love and marriage can be separated; And in China, all the love affairs that do not take marriage as the purpose are rogues, which may be the phenomenon of eastern and western cultural differences.
It seems to us that many foreigners are very open, because they carry on the final process of the final flop. But in their eyes, our relationship is open. They believe that marriage is a sacred and serious thing that distinguishes it from love. They are surprised to see some young people falling in love without thinking about getting married and having children. And as the world moves forward, the world is becoming a global village, and these cultural differences are gradually shrinking.
For the heroine scarletts love view, put it in the current social perspective, will be a rational concept. In the modern society in the 21st century, women should have their own business, have the thought to be able to spell, and break out of their own little world; In this way we are not in a passive position in marriage, in other words, we can live together as equals. Even with an attractive appearance, the body of the devil, we should not be obsessed with it and forget to add value to ourselves. The rebellious side of the heroine gives us the infinite inspiration of contemporary women.
In the treatment of love, we can be persistent, we can be brave to love; Even if we encounter setbacks and injuries, we should look forward to it. In scarletts love in the world no late, when she lose ASHLEY, thoroughly lost daughter, after her husband left her, she realized that her love was rhett, she put aside psychic trauma and remorse, believe that as long as you work hard and insist, can the heart of rhett.
In real life, we can not love passionately, but have a positive heart to face everything. The absence of love, or the lack of love, the explanation is that there is no point; Still, there will be more wonderful waiting for you to uncover the veil. The waiting process can be beautiful. We often say that a persons wonderful. We can develop our own hobbies, invest in our specialties, work well, live well, treat you well, become confident, and your charm will be everywhere.
对小说的评价英文版 篇5
It was true that these novels were very popular among young people. But seldom did we know the author of these novels was Stephenie Meyer who was born in the state of Connecticut which located in the Unit State. In effect, she is a full-time housewife who had three children, as well as she has rarely experience about writing. But why she can make so great achievements in her life? The reason for her success came from many aspects.
First and foremost, she had a dream one day in that a lovely girl and a handsome boy were concerning with love and romance on the green, which changed her destiny. After a period of time, she began to writing with passion. She not only needs to take care of her three children under the age of five, but also she insisted on typing by one hand. After 3 months, Meyer successfully completed the Twilight.
经典奇幻小说哈利波特英文读后感 篇6
I am sure there will be sneerers and jeerers at the power of the commercial spell cast worldwide and the ringing tills at midnight, the over-familiarity of the childrens-story syntax; they are missing the point. The story of all humankind is the story of a story-telling animal and it is only this which distinguishes us from the other mammals, when it comes to the end. We will always be enchanted and enslaved by the telling and re-telling of the same story we all, always want to hear, again and again. The ancient magic of light vs. darkness, heroism and struggle, the bloody clash of battles, wrench of secrets painfully revealed; the warrior tested, the torturous night of the soul, the slow learning of the terrible, yet wonderful fact that no-one is alone, and that in the end, help comes, from friends, from strangers, from unexpected sources; from within and without, because of faith, because of courage, because of love. Of how our own humanity saves us, how our weakness is our strength.
So this latest incarnation of the old, old tale of the resurrected lost one, the lonely one who is loved, the hero who doubts, the child who is adult, the griever restored, the victim who triumphs, the Boy Who Lived - is deeply satisfying in the way everyone recognises. Anyone who has fallen asleep at the end of a story, with the authors pact satisfied - I will let you frighten, anger, worry and scare me, if you make it all right at the end. If I learn something, and if they live, if not happy ever after, but if they live - will be replete at the ending of this long saga.
中学生英文小说 篇7
关键词:小说翻译,翻译策略,翻译风格
短篇小说翻译《昔日的岸边》 (Once the Shore) 1摘自《美国最佳短篇小说》, 由美籍韩国作家保罗.尹 (Paul Yoon) 所作, 霍顿·米夫林公司 (Houghton Mifflin Company) 于2006年出版。作者保罗.尹, 韩裔, 1980年出生在纽约, 是英语文坛一张非常年轻的新面孔。《昔日的岸边》是他出版的第一本书, 2010年, 他被美国国家图书基金会选为五位三十五岁以下的新锐作家之一。译者在翻译中体会到, 小说翻译作为文学翻译的一种, 有其独特的特点, 译者在英汉跨文化这项活动中不仅是翻译这门语言, 更是翻译一种不同的文化和艺术, 译者应该努力翻译出小说中的味道和美感。很多译者都有自己翻译的原则, 有一些比较忠实于原文的表达, 尽量保持小说的异国色彩和情调。而有一些译者则比较偏向于目标语言的通顺和语言习惯, 这个问题也正是凡努提施莱艾尔马赫所提到的翻译中有关于同化和异化的问题, 比较多个性化翻译的一个很主要的特征就是“归化”。所谓“归化”, 它的表面现象是用及其自然流畅的译语去表达原著的内容, 但是在深处却程度不等地存在着译语文化“吞并”原著文化的问题。例如严复翻译的《天演论》是有口皆碑的译界精品, 其开卷一段是脍炙人口。然而, 令人“倾倒至矣”的究竟是严译的内容呢还是严复的译笔呢?2所以我认为译文应该尽可能符合小说原有的特点和美感, 原汁原味地呈现在观众面前。
1 保罗尹小说的特点
1.1 悲伤的主调。两个线索的交替, 因相同情感归属而融合
在这个故事中, 一位美国妇人的丈夫在韩国服役时, 称其在一座山洞中刻下了他们名字的首字母, 于是美国妇人来寻找这座山洞的过程中, 与一位孤单的年轻服务员吉姆建立了友谊。吉姆的哥哥是名渔夫, 在一次美国潜水艇浮出水面的事故中不幸遇难, 故事交替叙述了吉姆应对失去哥哥的悲痛和这位遗孀的悲伤。吉姆和这位美国妇人联系在一起是因为他们都感到无助。对这位寡妇, 她过去糟糕的婚姻和她的无能为力, 既不能从中挣脱或者让它变好。吉姆的无助是由于他对他哥哥的死无能为力。他继续他的工作, 假装没事发生一样。也许恰是这种藏在心底不可言说的秘密, 使吉姆与美国妇人之间发展出一段奇妙的友谊, 最后, 吉姆想出一个很浪漫的方式, 帮妇人完成了她此行的心愿。我想他们被这种命中注定的感觉所折磨, 他们走到一起, 到最后寻找出路以寻求一种安慰。情节循序渐进, 环环相扣, 探讨了关于失去家人, 爱人的真实情感以及最终相伴以相同方式寻找出路寻求安慰, 表达了人性美好的感人故事。
1.2 对话少, 注重人物动作情感的细节描写表达
无论凝练的语言、含蓄的情感, 还是高度浓缩的情节, 保罗尹都堪称是一位非常节制的作者, 也因此, 他的每则故事虽然只有短短的三四十页, 却分明具有长篇小说的格局与气势, 换言之, 背后隐藏的多于纸上写出来的。文章中美国寡妇和吉姆的语言非常少, 着重描写了他们各自的动作, 神态和各自的悲伤回忆, 虽然没有言语, 他们之间的沉默和默契让读者感觉到了淡淡的忧伤。
1.3 拟喻
通过对人与自然环境的抗争描写表达人物内心感受。比如文中几次提到的沉船与溺水:船身断裂, 船员们的肢体在深海中毫不费力地摆出舞蹈者最优雅的姿势。以及吉姆溺水的情形。这些情景都是孤独而悲哀的, 与世隔绝, 被什么东西包围住, 令人窒息。作者通过这些细节描写表达了深藏在吉姆内心的呐喊, 虽然他表面刻意压抑自己的情感。
2 英文短篇小说的翻译策略
《昔日的岸边》这篇短篇小说翻译也只是本人在文学翻译中长长的摸索和实践的一小步。这篇短篇小说的时候, 我首先了解了作者的背景, 他的写作方法和小说的故事背景。除此之外, 我认为比较重要的是要了解他写这段故事的目的, 基调和想表达的深层次的感情。
2.1 注意介词的翻译, 结合上下文理解单词短语的意思。
翻译的过程很漫长, 也是很耗时间的一项工作。因为逐字逐句, 每个逗点都要看仔细, 否则差之毫厘, 失之千里。我在开始翻译的时候没有注重细节, 常常漏掉一些小的单词, 而有些看似不太重要的词语却会改变句子的意思。一个英文单词有很多意思, 要注意它在上下文中的意思。也就是说对单词的准确理解和句子的分析是最基本的但也是最重要的。
比如在“when he bathed for me and me alone”里面我最开始没有注意到for这个单词, 结果翻译出来的意思就变成“他给我洗澡”, 与原文的意思“他为了我而洗澡”大相径庭。
还比如文中的:“He was dead now, a few months having passed since his heart stopped just as he awoke and attempted to flip the duvet away from his body.”句子中的“as”和“duvet”的基本意思为“如同”和“羽绒絮”。按照基本意思, 句子大概翻译成“虽然她的丈夫死了, 但还如同活着的时候一样, 做一些她所熟知的掸掉身上的羽绒絮的动作”。而这个翻译出来的句子让人读不懂, 如果把“as”理解为“当…的时候”, 而duvet还有多种意思, 结合上下文可以翻译成“羽绒被”, 所以才有了最后意思正确并且通顺的版本。“已经去世几个月了, 正当他睡醒过来试图把羽绒被轻轻从身上掀开之时他的心脏停止了跳动。”
最后一个例子是“It was morning, and she sat at her usual table closest to the stone ledge, occupied by the distant strokes of a swimmer in the outdoor pool.”里面的“stone ledge”.ledge常用意是壁架, 所以我想当然地认为它是“用石头做的壁架”的意思, 于是理所当然地运用了它的字面意思, 但这样一来后面的句子在意思上就解释不通了。“Stone ledge”在这里根据上下文它是“礁石”的意思, 所以在翻译过程中需要多翻字典来寻找原文作者想要表达的意思, 在译文中结合上下文恰当地描述出来。所以这句话翻译出来是“早晨, 她像往常一样坐在最靠近岸边礁石的桌旁, 一位在这室外泳池里游泳的人所掀起的水浪从远处不断拍打着礁石。”
2.2 比喻句的翻译。
作者在文中不管是在人物描写还是环境的刻画上, 多次用到了生动的比喻。其中有一些比喻是中西方文化中都可以很好地接受, 也很通用, 直接翻译过来也很容易让读者明白。比如文中形容吉姆的笑眼:“A smile as magnificent as a quartermoon.”译为:“笑起来灿烂得像一弯明月。”还有描写吉姆天天都穿着工作服“The snug white jacket they were required to wear kike a second layer of skin.”译为“那件舒适的白色工作外套, 如同他第二层皮肤。”
我们在中文写作里面也经常有以上类似的比喻, 但是还有一些中文中不常用到的, 比如“casting nets the size of mountains.”我最初翻译的是“把网撒得又高又大”, 而mountain除了有高大的特质之外, 作者可能想表达一些别的东西, 如果直接翻译又高又大破坏了其原本的意思, 局限了读者的想象空间。所以翻译成“把网撒得如山一般”。
类似的比喻例子:“Its surface of silver reflection folding over one another like the linking of fingers.”译文:“海面上的银色反射光如手指相联一般互相交迭着。”
另外一句形容美国老妇的行李箱的句子“In her possession was a single piece of luggage, the perfect size, the hotel staff joked, for a head.”译文:“她只带了一件单薄的行李箱, 一个头颅大小的完美尺寸, 酒店的职员开玩笑说。”
行李箱的大小用头的尺寸来衡量;反射光如手指的连接。这些不被大多数读者理解的比喻或是比较, 需要处理成人们熟悉的东西还是保留其青涩的原意, 也是值得思考的问题。或许很有可能, 作者自己也说不清自己想要表达一种什么准确的意思, 因为这只是一种感觉。所以我也采取了使用最原始的直译, 可能让读者难以明白, 但是留给了他们更多的空间去体会和想象, 不希望自己的解读给读者带来歧义或是误解。
文中另外两处形容溺水船员在深海中的身体姿势和出海的船只的比喻:
“Their bodies, once broken, sunk into a dark depth, their limbs positioned, without effort, in the most graceful forms known to any dancer.”
译文:“全体船员不幸遇难, 他们的身体破碎了, 沉入了黑暗的深海中, 他们的肢体, 不费力气地, 摆出舞蹈者熟知的最优雅的姿势。”
“The boat rocking, and then slowing, slower, in their sight a single straight line that divided sky and sea, a line that traced their movements like the unraveling of a ball of string until, gradually, they were still.”
译文:“船身剧烈地晃动着, 转动着, 吉姆紧紧抓住船舷。慢慢地, 船缓了下来。他们看到, 一条直线划开了海与天, 一直追寻着他们的动向就像抽毛线球一样, 直到他们逐渐静止下来。”
2.3 长句子的翻译。
例1:It was, in fact, the manager of the resort—a man who was very fond of Jim—who led him into his office in the middle of dinner and told him that his brother, while catching tuna, as he had been doing for the past few years for their uncle’s company, was killed when a United State submarine divided the Pacific Ocean for a moment as it surfaced, causing a crater of cloudy water to bloom, the nose of this great creature gasping for air while its body collided against what could have easily been a bouy or some type of detritus.
译文:事实上, 是因为度假村的经理告诉了吉姆关于他兄弟的噩耗。这位经理很喜欢他, 在用餐时间把吉姆叫去了办公室, 说他的哥哥, 过去几年一直在他叔叔的公司做捕鱼的工作, 这次在海上捕捉金枪鱼的时候不幸遇难。当一艘美国潜水艇浮出水面的时候划开了太平洋, 在阴沉的海面上炸开了花, 这个庞然大物在海面上用鼻子吸气时身体就触碰到一些很可能是浮漂或碎片的物体。
例2:he heard his brother’s breathing and then he saw, in his periphery, what resembled a fish jump up into the air and bite down on his wrist and all at once that line tilted and he felt the cold and the warmth and he shut his eyes and opened them to see that the sky was now a glowing haze of thick water.
译文:他听到哥哥的呼吸声, 看到周围的水里一支类似鱼鳍的东西窜出水面, 咬在他的手腕上, 顿时他感到眼前海平线扭曲了, 他感到又冷又热, 他闭上了眼睛, 猛睁开的时候发现天空已是阴沉的海散发出的炽热水汽。
英语长句的特点为修饰语多, 联合句子多, 结构复杂但条理清晰。一般要翻译英文长句应该把句子结构整理清楚, 找出主干, 分清主次。一般分为顺译分段法, 拆译法, 倒置法等。
3 结束语
以上的文章特点和翻译例子是我在翻译这篇小说中所总结出来的, 也是我在翻译这篇小说时反复思考的问题。我觉得翻译理论固然重要, 实践更是这门学科的精髓。实践使理解更加深刻。通过对《昔日的岸边》的翻译, 认识到要翻译好一篇小说, 先要认真研究小说作者的写作风格, 分析小说的基调, 目的和背景。从实践中体会前人所总结出来的经验和理论。在以后的翻译道路上不断吸取经验, 在翻译作品中看到自己的进步并且渐渐地运用好翻译策略, 保持文章的风格, 给观众呈现更加原汁原味的外国文学。
参考文献
[1]Paul Yoon.oncetheshore[M].Houghton Mifflin Company, 2006.
[2]谢天振.译介学[M].南京:译林出版社, 2013.
中学生英文小说 篇8
关键词:文明;文化视角;蝇王
[中图分类号]:I106 [文献标识码]:A
[文章编号]:1002-2139(2016)-20--01
本书是一本以小说形式表现人文主义和人类在历史前进文化中不同视角的空间叙述体,我们可以在书中发现以对比而构建起来的话题,那就是文明与野蛮。随着故事情节的发展,作者引入一场战争,这同时也是对历史上一战二战的深刻痛思和真实领悟,对于核能这个话题虽然只是用了一定的篇幅带过,可是却流露对出科技以及历史发展的隐隐担忧。当人类的物质文明发展到一定阶段时,毁灭还是利用,前进还是停滞,杀害还是保护都成为我们需要真正思考的问题,这一表达也引发了笔者的深深思考。
文章从战争引发逃亡开始,接着是一架载着男孩们的飞机在一个荒岛上坠落,由于陌生的自然环境和难以适应的物质因素,这些孩子们在努力生存的同时也逐步回归原始生活,最终由于害怕野兽而分裂成两派的局面,在这一过程中,对于求生的本能欲望还有孩子们在成长过程中经历的蜕变,挣扎和无助以英语文学中的不同表现方式体现出来,我们也可以看到在英文文化中存在着对弱者的同情,虽然在历史发现的初级阶段英语文化的传播是以一种暴力和胁迫的方式传达,但在后来的文化发展和交流中,也具有了特殊的人文主义精神,我们在本书中也可以深刻地知道这一点,尤其是在男孩们因为各种原因的冲突而划分为不同派别时,“专制派”和“民主派”的斗争就此展开。这本获得了诺贝尔奖的揭露人文精神的小说引发了人们对“人性的黑暗”的认识。首先,拉尔夫作为小说中的主角出现,一开始被选做头领,他就很尽责任的开始像一个大人一样指挥,他有相当强的责任感和领导力,这在文中也是文明进步的一种体现,是一种选举制度下小范围民主的表现。而作为同样很有权威性和主见的杰克的观念和他的观念刚好相反。拉尔夫最关心的怎么获救,怎么才能在这个荒凉偏僻的小岛上努力生存下去,他坚持着要升起一堆火,坚信只有火才能让他们获救,让他们能够努力地被发现最后成功离开这个小岛。与此同时,他还讲究文明,注重卫生,思考理智。而杰克则是一味嗜血,只想着要通过打猎的途径去满足温饱,获得最基本的食物来源。在一定程度上这两个男孩侧重于不用方面的营救。其他比较重要的人物如猪崽子和罗杰,他们是分别跟在拉尔夫和杰克身边的,他们也构成了两个极端,从而加强了英文用词的多样性和对比性。猪崽子虽然出身于社会下层,常发气喘病,身胖体弱,但是他却思想成熟,行动理智,坚持以善良去感化他人。而罗杰始终是忠实于杰克指导,他不惜一切代价去帮杰克完成他的勃勃雄心。这本书中给我印象最深也是让我最欣赏的是西蒙这个人物,他生性腼腆,言语极少,可是有着敏锐的洞察力。他可以清楚地看见并且分辨人性本身的邪恶,就是这一不合群的特殊天赋使得孩子们把他称之为“疯子”。当西蒙每一次发现实情时,不管自己严重的病情就拼命爬下山去迫切地想要告诉他的同伴,而孩子们却把他当做一只野蛮可恶的野兽,最终却被可怜无助地活活打死。还有那些被称为“小家伙”的六岁左右的孩子们,其中的可爱的帕西佛尔就是一个典型的例子,在这座岛上,他还牢记着自己的姓名家庭地址以及电话号码,但是这一切只是在现代文明这社会的世界中存在,他完全忽视了在一切在这个没有法律和警察保护的孤岛上是完全没有作用的。在这里可以看出作者用英文表达时的高超技巧,在帕西佛尔说出自己的个人信息时,作者把他描绘得滑稽而又可怜,完全不同于中文译本的是,这里的英文描写恰到好处的反讽了文明社会的成果已经文明这个概念被提出后人们又不断破坏它的惋惜心情。随着打猎的进行,杰克带领猎人们跳舞并重复单调的歌词、无法停止的狂欢、西蒙被杀后孩子们集体的舞蹈,都像是宗教早期的萌生。人在无法改变的环境中,产生本能的恐惧,从而祈求通过对动物以及未知事物的崇拜来祈求自身的平安。我在想,所有事情的悲剧起源于火种和打猎之争,然后拉杰尔和杰克的分裂。如果,如果拉杰尔本身也是一个比较英勇而些"身手"的人,他完全可以像杰克一样带领大家去适当的狩猎。那么他的虚空的权力也许就能得以保障,大家也会更加团结,在肉与火之间去平衡。文治武略可能是对一个杰出领导人的苛刻要求,克里斯玛型领导人不是向来都能使一个群体抱紧一团。只是全人难求。
故事的结尾戛然而止,让我残暴的想象跟着一起卡住,拉杰尔的意外得救似乎让人有些失望。人性的恶似乎应该展示的更加彻底,更加鲜血淋漓。戈尔丁也许还是不想让人太绝望吧?或者人性的恶终是可以被更为强大的外在力量所遏制,它不会随意的彻底泛滥下去,也许还有希望。
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