信函英文（共8篇）
信函英文 篇1
实战应用文 Unit 1邀请信
邀请信包括宴会、舞会、晚餐、聚会、婚礼等各种邀请信件，形式上大体分为两种：一种为正规的格式(formal correspondence)，亦称请柬；一种是非正式格式(informal cor respondence), 即一般的邀请信。邀请信是在形式上不如请柬那样正规，但也是很考究。书写时应注意：
邀请信一定要将邀请的时间（年、月、日、钟点）、地点、场合写清楚，不能使接信人存在任何疑虑。例如：“I’d like you and Bob to come to Luncheon next Friday.”这句话中所指的是哪个星期五并不明确，所以应加上具体日期, “I’d like you and Bob to come to luncheon next Friday, May the fifth.” 1.邀请朋友共进午餐 Inviting a friend to informal luncheon Dear [Zhang Ying]: Will you come to luncheon on[Friday, May the fifth], at [twelve o’clock]? My niece [Mary] is visiting us and I think you will enjoy meeting her.She is a charming, very pretty girl „ and very good company![John and Jane] will be here, and perhaps we can [give a dance] after luncheon.Do say you’ll come!Affectionately yours, Li Ming 亲爱的[张营]：
您能在[5月5日星期五中午 12点钟] 来吃午饭吗？
我侄女[玛丽]正在我们家中作客，我想您会乐于见到她的。她是个漂亮而聪明的女孩子，„„同她在一起是很使人高兴的！[约翰和简]也到这里来，也许在饭后我们能 [开个舞会]，说好，一定得来呀！2.邀请朋友同他们不认识的人一起共进晚餐 Inviting friends to supper with the st rangers Dear [Susan]:
I know you are interested in [oil painting], so I’m sure you’ll be interested in [Mr.and Mrs.Lin dun]!They are coming here to supper [next Sunday night, October the twelfth], and we’d like you and [Walter] to come, too.[Mr.and Mrs.Lin Dun] are that very charming couple we met in [London] last summer.They have a wonderful collection of [oil paintings of various stages];and I understand that Mr.Lin Dun is quite an authority on [oil painting].I’m sure you and Walter will thoroughly enjoy and evening in their company.We’re planning supper at six;that will give us a nice long evening to talk.If I don’t hear from you before then, I’ll be expecting you on the [twelfth]!Affectionately yours, Li Ming 亲爱的[苏珊]：
我知道您对[油画]是有兴趣的，所以我相信您对林顿夫妇也会感兴趣。他们将在[10月12日（下星期日）]来吃饭，我们很希望您和瓦尔特也能同来。
[林顿夫妇]是那么好的一对夫妻。我们是去年夏天在[伦敦]认识的。他们集有[各个不同时期精美的油画作品]。我知道，林顿先生在研究[油画]方面是颇有权威的。我深信，那天晚上您和瓦尔特同他们在一起，一定会很愉快。我们准备在6点钟吃晚饭，这样就能有较长的时间闲谈。如果事前接不到您的回信，我就指望你们那天到来。3.邀请参加新厂开工典礼 Invitation to opening ceremony of new factory Dear [Mr.Harrison]: Our new factory will be commencing production on [April 10] and we should like to invite [you and your wife] to be present at a celebration to mark the occa sion.As you will appreciate this is an important milestone for this organization, a d is the result of continued demand for our products, both at home and overse as.We are inviting all those individuals and trust that you will pay us the compliments of accepting.Please confirm that you will be able to attend by advising us of your time ——we can arrange for you to be met.All arrangements for your stay [overnight on April 10] will, of course, be made by us at our expense.Yours faithfully, 亲爱的[哈里森先生]：
本公司新厂将于[4月10日]开始投产，希望能邀请[贤伉俪]来参加新厂开工典礼。
如您所知，新厂的设立是本公司的一个里程碑，而这正是海内外对本公司产品不断需求的结果。我们邀请了所有对本公司的成功贡献一切力量的个人，我们相信，您一定会赏光。
如您确能参加，请来函告知您抵达的时间 —— 以便我们为您安排会晤。当然，所有安排您在[10日晚间]夜宿的费用，皆将由公司代您支付。
4.邀请来家中小住及周末聚会 An invitation for a house and weekend party Dear [Jane]: I hope [you and Fred] haven’t any plan for the weekend of [July twenty-fourth] as we’d like you to spend it with us at [Far Acres].It’s simply beautiful here now, with everything in bloom!
I think we can promise [Fred] some good fishing this year.The fish are biting better than ever!So bring your fishing clothes;and be sure to bring your te nnis things, too, because [the Owens] are coming and I’m sure you’ll want to get out on the courts with them.There’s a very good train [Friday night];I’ve marked it in red on the timet able.It gets you here about [seven-thirty] which is just in time for dinner.You can get a late train back [Sunday night], or there’s an early express tha t [Bob] usually takes on [Monday morning].We hope nothing will prevent you from coming, as we’re looking forward to you r visit „ and I know [the Owens] are looking forward to seeing you again, too.Be sure to let us know what train you are taking so that [Bob] can meet you at the station.Affectionately yours, 亲爱的[简]：
如果您[7月24日]没有什么活动安排，我希望[您和弗雷德]能同我们一起在[远庄园]共度周末，那里已经鲜花遍地，现正在最美丽的时节。
我想，今年我们能让[弗雷德]钓鱼钓得更快活。鱼儿比过去任何时候都爱上钓鱼。请把钓鱼的服装带来，也别忘记带上打网球的用具，因为我们还邀约了[欧文]夫妇，我想，你们是乐意同他们打网球的。
[星期五晚上]有一班舒适的火车，我已经在火车时刻表上做了红色记号，火车大约在[7点半钟]把你们送到这里，正是吃晚饭时间。[星期日晚上]你们可以乘晚车回来。或者，在[星期一早晨]也有一班快车，就是[鲍勃]常坐的那一班车。
我们希望没有什么事情会阻碍你们，我们在等待着你们光临„„我知道[欧文夫妇]好盼望再次见到你们。准备乘哪一班火车，请一定告诉我们，好让[鲍勃]到车站迎接你们。5.邀请参加招待会
An invitation for a reception Dear [Mr.Smith]: It would give [me/us] great pleasure to have your presence at a reception in h onor of the Chinese delegation.The reception will be held in the [the City Hall], on [Tuesday, October the fo urth].Cocktails will be served promptly at [six] to be followed b dinner at [eight].[I/We] sincerely hope you can attend.Let [me/us] know.Sincerely yours 亲爱的[史密斯先生]：
如您能够出席为[中国代表团]而举行的招待会，[我（们）]将感到十分荣幸。
招待会定于[10月4日（星期二）]在[市政厅]举行。[6点钟]准时举行[鸡犬不宁尾酒会]，随之在[8点钟]举行[正式的晚宴]。
[我（们）]期待着您的光临。请提前通知您能否出席。6.邀请演讲
Inviting someone to address a meeting Dear [Dr.Rodger]: [The English Department of Nankai University] would like to extend to you an invitation to be our guest speaker at the [annual conference] to be held at the[meeting room] at [eight] o’clock, [Saturday morning, December the thirtieth, 1993].As you know, the department is interested in [the 20th century English literat ure] Since you are familiar with the field, we know your views will be extremely interesting to us.You will receive further details later, but we would appreciate having your ac ceptance soon so we may complete our agenda.Cordially, 亲爱的[罗杰博士]：
[南开大学外文系]特邀请您出席[1993年12月30日（星期六）早八点在（系会议室）] 召开的 [学术年会]并作演讲。正如您所了解的，[南大外文系]对[20世纪的英国文学颇感兴趣]。您对此领域很熟悉，您的见解定会给我们带来很大的兴趣。
我们将随后把有关细节通知您，但恳请您尽快予以答复，以便作出安排。
学术邀请函
Dear Professor Wang, On behalf of the Ohio State University and the IEEE Computer Society, I would be very pleased to invite you to attend and chair a session of the forthcoming 2004 International Conference on Parallel Data Processing to be held in Bellaire, Michigan, from October 25 to October 28, 2004.You are an internationally acclaimed scholar and educator.Your participation will be among the highlights of the Conference.We sincerely hope that you could accept our invitation.As you know, this is the 10th anniversary of the Conference and we plan to make it a truly international meeting.We have accepted many papers from several foreign countries, including two from China.If you can come, please let us know as soon as possible, since we have to prepare the final program soon.We are looking forward to your acceptance.Sincerely yours, Peter White 邀请信是为了增进友谊，发展业务，邀请客人参加庆典、会议及各种活动的信函。邀请信分为两种：一种属于个人信函，例如邀请某人共进晚餐、参加宴会、观看电影、出席典礼等。另一种属于事物信函，一般是邀请参加会议、学术活动等等。
格式：
1、称谓；
2、开头：向被邀请人简单问候；
3、交代时间、地点和活动内容、邀请原因等；
4、参加活动的细节安排；
5、联系人、电话、地址、落款、日期。写作“三步走” 邀请对方参加的活动的内容、时间和地点→与该活动有关的注意事项→期待对方接受邀请，并可表示感谢。注意：语言上写给朋友，可选用活泼、真诚的言辞；写给长辈、上级、名人等，语言则应正式、礼貌。
Directions: The Dean of the English Department knows that Prof.Robin is a famous scholar in British literature.As his assistant, you are asked to write a formal letter to Prof.Robin, inviting him for a short-term visit and to give a lecture.Write the letter with no less than 100 words.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter.Use “Wang Hua(Dean of the English Department)” instead.Do not write the address.Dear Prof.Robin, I am writing on behalf of the English Department to invite you to give a lecture in our college.We know that you are an expert on British literature.We would be very grateful if you could give a lecture on “Contemporary British Literature” to the English Department on Sunday, April 8.If this subject does not suit you, any other similar topic would be welcome as well.If it is convenient for you, would you please drop me a line to let me know whether you can come or not? We could be looking forward to the opportunity to benefit from your experience and wisdom.Sincerely yours, Wang Hua Dean of the English Department
常用句式
1、I am writing to invite you to„ 我写信是为了邀请您„„
2、I think it would be a great idea if you could participate in„ 如果您参加„„那就太好了。
3、I wonder if you can come„ 我想知道您是否能来„„
4、How would you like to join us in„? 您想不想来参加我们的„„？
5、Would you please drop me a line to let me know if you can come to„? 您可以写信告诉我您能否来„„吗？
6、My family and I would feel much honored if you could come.如果您能来，我们全家将不胜荣幸。
7、I really hope you can make it.我真心希望您能来。
8、We would be looking forward to your coming.我们期待着您的到来。
9、I would like to meet you there and please let me know your decision soon.我希望能在那里见到您，请早点告诉我您的决定。
10、We would be very glad to invite you as an expert to our university/college to„ 很高兴邀请您作为专家到我们学校„„
信函英文 篇2
What importance does this concept of a double messagehave upon our writing and translating?Considered in its most fundamental terms, a business letter may be defined as a message that attempts to influence its recipient to take some action or attitude desired by the sender.This desired result may be of immediate importance, such as the collecting of a bill, or just an intangible attitude like goodwill.Therefore, we must make sure that the business letter is usually more formal than the other social letters stylistically.Considerably, a translated business letter should first be clear, stating its purposes so directly that there is no possibility of its being misunderstood.Secondly, the translated version should be exact, containing every detail which is necessary for translating the business letters in hand.Thirdly, a translated business letter should be concise.And the finally, a well-translated business letter should be courtesy.Here are the details that how a qualified translator of business letters should abide by.
1 Clarity
Dear Ms.Rutt,
Mr.Liver yesterday called our agent David saying that the mistake was his.As a result, his insurance has acquiesced.Therefore, we shall be repaired the full amount of our subrogation interest in his matter.
If this is satisfactory to you, please sign the attached release and forward it along with the copy of our accident report.
Yours sincerely,
F.Middleman
Version One
Dear Ms.Rutt,
Mr.Liver yesterday admitted his blame for your accident on January12.As a result, his insurance company had agreed to repay us the full amount ($2, ooo) for your collision damage.We are quite pleased at their willingness to settle out of court.
If this offer sounds acceptable to you, please sign the enclosed release and return it to us, along with the copy of our accident report.
Yours sincerely,
F.Middleman
Version Two
A business letter, the original, is effective only when it communicates the necessary ideas to its reader with clarity, so is the translated version.This seems to be a simple quality, but it is often ignored in actual practice.Let’s take a look at the following sample rendered from the Chinese version, which are some sentences abstracting from the business letters. (Cao Ling, 2003:23)
(1) The statement in version one, “Mr.Liver yesterday called our agent David saying that the mistake was his.”who does this“his”refer to?Mr.Liver or David?Checking it again in the original, we find that rendering in version two“Mr.Liver yesterday admitted his blame for your accident on January 12.”is just the meaning.
(2) The last sentence is another example:“...and forward it along with the copy of our accident report.”But to whom?The insurance company or writer?So the first translated version is not clear at all.Then the second translated is much better.
(3) The most important event about how to compensate is left out in the first version, as we all know, if a writer or translator leaves out something the reader should know in doing something or forming certain opinion, the clarity of the business letter diminishes.In translated version one, Mr.Middleman did not mention the amount of money the insurance company will pay.So only the amount of compensation is laid out in version two, can Ms.Rutt accept it satisfactorily?
(4) Some others can also make the translated version not clear, just as quoting some jargon (e.g.subrogation interest) , which the reader may not understand easily;the irrelevant information (e.g.agent David) , which not only makes the letter less clear, also does the letter less concise.
2 Correctness
According to the characteristics of business letters (thesource text or language) , the diction must be neat, accurate and easily to read in order to attain success of business instead of some unnecessary frictions or lawsuits.The principle, correctness, is same as the criterion“faithfulness”for any other types of translation;i.e., “faithfulness”—to be faithful to the content of the original” (Liu Zhongde, 2003:24) , and it is the most important in the translation.So is for the translation of business letters.The ideas of the rendered version must be as exact as ones of the original, even more accurate than the latter.Let us see the examples:
(1) 相信阁下业已收到司徒先生的通知:须藤先生意同佐藤先生在原址组建东京商行, 并继续同类业务的合作。
译文1:You will probably have received a notification from Mr.Sudo, he will build a new company named Tokyo Shokai with Mr.Sato and continue in the same line of business in the old premises.
译文2:You will probably have received a notification from Mr.Sudo to the effect that he intends to continue in the same line of business in the old premises, forming a new partnership with Mr.Sato, under the title of the Tokyo Shokai. (qtd.Gong Xueping)
It is obviously to see that the first version can not express the exact ideas of“在原址组建”, the implied meaning which the formerly partnership has been dissolved;“并继续同类业务的合作”the partnership with Mr.Sato is under the title of the new company“东京商行”, not under the style of the other companies especially, the old company.
(2) 兹任命原大和商行的股东——山岛先生为该公司的帐务清算人, 他将负责清偿一切负债并收回该公司的所有欠款。
译文1:Mr.Yamagata, formerly a partner, who has been appointed the liquidator, will discharge all liabilities, and all accounts must be paid him.
译文2:Mr.Yamagata, formerly a partner, who has been appointed the liquidator of the late firm, will discharge all liabilities, and all accounts due to the late firm must be paid him. (qtd Gong Xueping)
A Chinese linguist points out“If you want to make the text concise, the pronouns can not be used any more;if you want to make the text accurate, the nouns should be repeated.”So the translator of the second version adding the phrases“of the late firm”and“due to the late firm”makes the idea more accurate closer to the original.Just as the mentioned above, the exactness is the most important criterion for the translation of business letters.Furthermore, using“big words” (archaism or the elegant and formal words) instead of the“small words”to limit the semantic meanings is still for the purpose of exactness. (Wang Zuoliang, 1987:290) “liquidator”, “liabilities”are more suitable than“receiver”and“debt”to express the business relationships, also prove the view.
3 Conciseness
To be conciseness is to express a message completely in as few words as possible.In business correspondence, this means increased effectiveness and decreased costs.Wordy expressions and redundancies are the major blunders to overcome to communicate concisely.Because English and Chinese are the two different languages, the former is hypotactic, like a tall tree with lots of branches and leaves;but the latter is paratactic, like a flourished flower with many petals.Thus, getting the conciseness, the translators should endeavor to convert the structure from a“flourished flower”into a“tall tree”during the translating of business letters by the means of avoiding wordiness and redundancies (except the repetition used for emphasize, redundancy should be avoided in business letters.
1. 他重复强调, 我们应该遵守规定。
译文1:He repeated again that we should follow the rules.
译文2:He repeated that we should follow the rules. (Sue Kay, 2003:65)
2. 请问误期会有什么后果。
译文1:Please be kind enough to advise us what will happen in the event of a delay?
译文2: (Could you) Please tell me what will happen if there is a delay. (Sue Kay, 2003:66)
3.我公司已召开了关于销售指数的会议。
译文1:Our company has called a meeting to hold a discussion about the sales figures.
译文2:We have called a meeting to discuss the sales figures.
(3) :兹通知阁下:经双方一致同意, 即日解散与贵公司合伙组织的大和商行。 (qtd.Gong Xueping)
译文1:After reaching the mutual agreement, we inform you that the partnership existed between us under the style of the Yamato Shokai has been dissolved.
译文2:We inform you that the partnership hitherto existed between us under the style of the Yamato Shokai has this day been dissolved by mutual consent.
Comparing the each two versions, we can be certain of that the second one is much better in keeping the characteristic of conciseness on the condition that the meaning must be accurate Because, particularly in business, people do not have the time to spend reading long, rambling letters or trying to decipher difficult writing (translated business letters) .And it is worthy to mention that it is better to use one sentence for each paragraph to lay out one subject although the original (Chinese) is full of short sentences of phrases to correct and concise information. (see the example3)
In one word, the principles for Chinese-English translation of business letters are the same as the ones for the other types:faithfulness and closeness, as well as more concise, correct and clearer in order to correspond to the features of the original.Of course, there still existed the other principles, like courtesy, consideration, and completeness, etc, for the translation of business letters.But the three discussed in the essay are basic principles.Only a translator does these well, can he reach the aim of helping people to communicating each other efficiently in the era of business transaction by the means of business letters.
4 Courtesy
To be polite is a basic principle for business letter, so is one of its translation principles.Wherever necessary, do not forget to say“thank you, ”“would you please...”, “we would appreciate it...”etc.however, courtesy in business translation is more than just a well-timed“thank you”or“would you please...”A welltranslated courteous letter should be polite, considerate and tactful.To accomplish this goal, several blunders during the translation should be avoided.
1.Avoid suspicion (避免怀疑)
Phrases like“if what you said is true...”, if...as you allege...”may result in the impression that you seem suspicious of reader’s integrity.This is no good to evoke a favorable reaction.Compare the following examples:
Version A:We received the letter in which you claimed that the timer was defective at the time of purchase. (poor)
Version B:We have noticed in your letter that the timer was defective at the time of purchase. (better)
Version A:If the goods were damage in shipment, as you allege, we... (poor)
Version B:As you mentioned the goods were damaged in shipment, we... (better)
2. Avoid accusation (避免指责)
Whenever you wish to evoke a favorable reaction from the reader, do not accuse or reprimand him or her.Phrases like“you neglected”, “you forgot”, “you omitted”may risk offending your reader with accusation.Try to compare the following pairs of examples and think about your possible reaction if you are the reader.
Version A:You obviously ignored our request that you return the report by registered mail. (Poor)
Version B:We did request that you return the report by registered mail. (Better)
Version A:You did not read the operating instruction for the machine carefully. (Poor)
Version B:To enjoy the full benefits of the new machine you should follow the operation instruction carefully. (Better)
3. Avoid talking down (避免居高临下)
In the translation of business letters, the tone of superiority usually has destructive effects, if the writer and the reader aim to cooperate on an equal basis.Please compare the following pair examples:
Version A:In an establishment as large as ours, we seldom.. (Poor)
Version B:Please notice that it is not our common practice to... (Better)
Version A:We shall allow you to... (poor)
Version B:We shall be glad to have you... (better)
Version A:You may call me at... (poor)
Version B:Please call me at...
摘要：加入世界贸易组织极大地刺激了我国与世界其他国家商务交易的一致性。因而, 商务信函的翻译越来越体现出它的重要性。商务信函的翻译也是一种语言转换, 要求翻译工作者不但要遵循其他文本翻译的标准, 而且更要注重精确、精练、清晰和礼貌等原则。该文作者试图探讨上述原则在商务信函汉英翻译中运用。
关键词：商务信函,翻译,原则
参考文献
[1] Cao Ling.English Business Letters[M].Beijing:Foreign Lan guage and Research Press, 2003.
[2] Chen Zhongcheng.Conciseness for Translation of Legislation [C]//Fang Mengzhi, Ma Bingyi.Chinese- English Translation. Tourism Education Press of Bejing, 1996.
[3] Gong Xueping.Translation of Business English[Z].Lecture handout.Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 7 September, 2012.
[4] Sue Kay.Practical Business writing: A Guide to Improving Writing in English[M].translated by Wang Xiaoming.Beijing: Beijing Institute of Technology Press, 2003.
英文信函写作误区 篇3
信件是常用文体之一，英文信件一般分为商务信件或公函和私人信件两大类，英语书信写作习惯与汉语相去甚远，本期为大家讲解英语信函写作的几个常见误区。
信函写作常见问题
首先，英文信函写作需要把握信件的整体基调，跟口语大不相同，非英语母语者很难准确把握信件语气；
其次，英文信函常见组成部分，例如称呼、正文、结束语等等存在误区。
信件风格
常见信件类型有咨询信、请求信、投诉信、感谢信等等，不同的信件类型，书写风格不同。
咨询/请求信：当写信咨询或要求某些事物时，措辞要尽量礼貌、放低姿态，例如：
Could you possibly …?
您能否……？
Is it at all possible to …?
……可以吗？
Would you be able to …?
您能否……？
投诉信：写抱怨信的时候，通常使用I expect …，例如：
I expect an apology and a full refund.
我希望得到道歉和全额赔偿；
I expect compensation for my lost luggage.
我希望对我丢失的行李进行赔偿。
道歉信：如果回绝了某些事情，通常需要表示歉意，例如：
I am sorry to say that I can't attend your talk.
很抱歉我不能出席您的演讲会了；
Unfortunately, we won’t be able to provide that service.
很遗憾，我们不能提供此项服务。
此外，在信件中表示同意的时候，一般会表达自己很高兴，很荣幸，例如：
I am delighted to say that I will be attending the conference.
我很高兴告知你们我将出席会议；
I am very pleased to tell you that the deal has gone through.
很高兴告诉您双方同意交易。
信函组成部分
称呼
首先来看信函中如何称呼对方。
误区：很多人总是用“Dear…”作为信件开头；
如果认识对方，可能常常会直呼对方的名字，如Dear Henry或Dear Maria；
如果不认识对方，或者双方为业务等正式关系，使用对方的姓，如Mr. Smith或者 Ms Kinnison。
解析：无论何种情况都要以对方的姓来称呼对方，而不要直呼对方的名；
一般情况下用Ms来称呼女士，除非了解到其偏爱其他的称呼；
如果不知道对方的姓名，一般写成Dear Sir/Madam；
如果只知道对方的性别但不知道姓名，则保留对应的称谓，即Dear Sir或者Dear Madam。
正文
正文写作需要开门见山，简单明了，条理清晰。
误区：讲述过多客套语；
解析：写商业信件时，通常在信件开头即明确陈述写信的原因，例如：
I am writing to complain about the treatment I received on your airline last week.
我写信投诉上周在贵航空公司受到的接待；
I am writing to apologize for the error we made in filling in your receipt.
我为了在填写您的收据时所犯的错误而写信致歉；
I am writing to enquire about whether a room is available next week.
我写信询问下周是否有房间。
有些私人信件也会在开头表明写信缘由，但是口气较随意，例如：
I'm just writing to say thank you for your party last week.
我写信感谢您上周的派对；
This is a quick note to say how nice it was to see you.
写便条告诉您见到您很高兴；
I'm writing to check on our plans for next week
我写信核实我们下周的计划。
注意在正规的商业信函中通常不会将I am缩写为I'm，You are缩写为you're等等。
结束语
信件结尾一般表明期待进一步联系，期待回信，不同信件类型，写作形式不同，例如：
一般的信件，通常写做Looking forward to hearing from you，即期待您的回信；
抱怨信或咨询信，通常写做I anticipate your prompt reply，即希望您尽快答复；
道歉信，通常会再次致歉，例如Once again, I apologize for … and am truly sorry for an inconvenience caused，即再一次表示歉意……，对造成的不便深表歉意。
落款
信件落款也不能一概而论，需要视情况而定，例如：
如果知道对方的姓名通常写做Yours sincerely；
不知道对方的姓名时写做Yours faithfully；
如果是更加表示友好的信件，可能会写上Best wishes或者All best wishes；
而写给家人或者好友的，则可以直接写Love一词。
英文商务邀请信函 篇4
invitation letter
dear sirs, it is our pleasure to invite your staff to come to japan for attending our business meeting which is going to be held from june 26th , XX until july 6th, XX. the invited person is: mr. name: mr. eldridge eric nicolas department: machinery & electronic position: senior section manager considering his attendance is really important for us, hence your kind cooperation in preparing business visa for the above person that enable his to have visit japan is highly appreciated. sincerely yours, kunihiro yamauchi group leader global human resources group
toyota tsusho marunouchi bldg,, 8-1, marunouchi 3-chome, chiyoda-ku, t okyo 100-8320, japan tel. +81-3-5288-21 1 / f +81-3-5288-9100 url. 3w.toyota-tsusho.com/english/ 1 ax. human resources & general affairs department
英文商务邀请信函
beth: sally, have you noticed that the people in our finance department are always so friendly sally: i have noticed that. why do you think they are so friendly beth: maybe it’s because they are surrounded by money all day! sally: that’s possible! i wish i could join the finance department in our company. beth: why can’t you sally: my numerical skills are just too bad. i failed mathematics at school, you know. sally: well, if you are no good at mathematics maybe you shouldn’t work in the finance department. you could accidentally loose a lot of money. beth: you are always so wise sally. i’m glad to have you as a friend. sally: we’re a good team beth and we should always look out for each other.
英文商务邀请信函范文
dear sir or madam, nice to contact you !we are glad to know your name and address on the internet . here writing you with expectation of establishing business relationship . now we take this opportunity to introduce our company. our company was founded in xx(year). we have a very large international business with lots of countries.we are mainly produce all kinds of (product). if something is attracting ,please let us know, then we should send you the price sheet. after you confirm the price ,the samples also can be dispathed to you for thepurpose of examining the quality.hope our products meet your market. so that we can start our bbusiness relationship for mutual benefit. thanking you in advance and looking forward to having your kind views on our business cooperation proposal. your prompt reply would be highly appreciated waiting for your kindly reply.
英文商务邀请信范例
from triple wave sdn. bhd a-5-9 empire tower, ss16/1 subang jaya, 47500, selangor, malaysia
dear visa officer, we would be grateful if a business visa could be granted for china research institute of electronic engineering, to visit malaysia on monday february 15 through february 20, XX. during this trip he will meet with our company representative to discuss the sale and distribution of digital cctv surveillance solutions, access control system and security alarm system and other communication solutions. china research institute of electronic engineering is financially responsible for the applicant’s visit and undertakes to ensure that that he will abide by the rules and regulations of the malaysia sincerely, mr. samir senior vice president triple wave sdn. bhd
consulate general of malaysia consular section dear visa officer, we are cordially inviting china research institute of electronic engineering to visit malaysia on monday april 3 through april 17, XX. during this trip he will meet with our company representative to discuss the sale and distribution of products. sincerely, barry g. hart senior vice president east coast promotions, inc.from triple wave sdn. bhd a-5-9 empire tower, ss16/1 subang jaya,
英文商务信函及格式 篇5
商务信函写作前言
作为一家外贸出口企业，您必须经常跟您的国外客商打交道。因而，各种商务信函的写作成了您工作中的一个重要部分。您是否有这样的感受，花费了大量的时间和精力，对自己所写的信件是否专业、是否符合通常的规范却没有十足的把握。在本手册里，我们将为您介绍商务信函写作的基本知识和技巧，相信对您的工作具有很高的参考价值。
商务信函的重要性
也许你会问“商务信函真的这么重要吗”?
是的，答案是肯定的。
让我们一起来看看以下的调查结果。
当买家和供应商从互相并不了解的基础上开始进行业务联系时，买家通常是怎样来评估跟他联系的供应商的呢?
[参考全美最畅销的贸易书籍“Building an Import-Export Business”] 以下5个方面是买家最关心的：
供应商如何回复买家的邮件?
供应商网上的简介和/或目录是否做得专业?
当买家询问信息时，供应商是否完整答复所有问题?
供应商的信头是否写明了公司地址和传真号码?
供应商如何答复买家提出的要求?
供应商多久做出答复?
供应商是否愿意对产品进行修改?
买家询问多个问题时，供应商是否答复所有的问题?
供应商的信用如何?
供应商的银行信用记录如何?
供应商银行帐户开立的年数?
大致的通常收支情况?
银行给供应商的贷款额度?
银行对供应商的帐户情况是否满意?
供应商贸易往来的信用如何?
合作者与该供应商的合作年数?
供应商可承受多大的定单?
交货是否及时?
是否能准确地完成定单?
供应商是否使用了标准质量管理认证体系?
比如ISO 9000、ISO 14,000(环境)、Hazard Analysis at Critical Points
(适用于出口美国的海产品)
由此可见，您的商务信函写作能力直接影响到买家对您公司的评估。您给他的每一份信函、邮件或者传真，都代表着您公司的形象，显示您公司的水平和实力，同时，相信您也一定是用这种方式来评估和了解您的买家。所以，商务信函写作决定了您能否以专业的方式跟买家进行有效的沟通，在您的业务往来中占据着举足轻重的地位。
商务信函的基本结构
传统信件
这里我们介绍一种商务信函中最通用的格式-齐头式。主要特征就是每行均从左边顶格写，常常采用开放式的标点方式，即除了信文部分，其它部分在必要时才使用标点。信中各段落之间均空一行。
1、信头 The heading
信头就是指书信中发信人的地址和发信的日期等。
通常情况下，公司都会专门印制带有信头的信笺纸，包括发信人的姓名，地址，电话，传真等。当我们撰写传统信件时，直接使用这种信笺纸就可以。
2、编号(写信人的名字缩写)和日期 The sender name and the date
这部分内容是为了方便今后查询信件用的。
3、封内地址 The inside address
这里就是指收信人的姓名和地址，一般写在信笺的左上方。收信人名称地址的格式和信头的格式相同，但必须把收信人的姓名一并写出。另外，如果不是完全公事化的书信往来，或者已经从公事的关系渐渐发展成为带有私人性质的友好信件往来，由于称呼这一栏的内容已经说明了收信人的身份，所以可以不必填写封内地址。
4、事由 The subject heading
事由也就是我们通常说的主题，可以直接写明信件的重点，让人不必读完全信才了解到信的内容。所以事由要写得简明扼要。
5、称呼 The salutation
指对收信人的一种称呼。
较常使用的.有Dear Sirs, Dear Madam, Dear Mr. XX,。称呼后面的标点，一般使用逗号。称呼里的第一个字母要大写。
商务信函的英文书写规则 篇6
实例解说：
1、The ABC Co. is one of our big buyers
(ABC 公司是我们的大买主之一。)
这句话如果是用来答复对ABC公司的资信的调查的，就不具体，因为“大买主之一”究竟大到什么程度，不明确，因此最好改为：
The ABC Co. placed U.S.$150,000.00 worth of business with us last year.
(ABC公司去年与我公司做了15万美元的业务。)
2、These brakes stop a car within a short distance.
(这些制动器在短距离内能把车刹住)
这是介绍商品性能的，很不具体。如在“短距离”内是多大的距离，是什么样的制动器，能制动什么样的`车，等等。最好介绍得具体，便于人们选购。该句可改为：
These Type XYZOI power brakes stop a 2.5-ton car traveling 70 miles an hour, within 250 feet.
3、We wish to confirm our telegram dispatched yesterday.
(我们确认昨日打出电报)
在商业信中确认发出的电报，信件等的时间，最好具体说名X月X日，尽量避免使用yesterday(昨日)，today(今日)一类笼统的词汇，所以上述这句话最好改为：
We confirm our telegram of January 16.
信函英文 篇7
英国语言学家Geoffrey Leech从修辞学、语体学的角度提出了礼貌原则。他认为, 构成礼貌的重要因素是命题所指向的行为内容给交际双方带来的利损情况和话语留给人们的选择程度。在此基础上, 他提出了礼貌的六准则 (Leech, 1983:108) :得体准则, 减少表达有损他人的观点;慷慨准则, 减少表达利己的观点;赞誉准则, 减少对他人的贬损;谦逊准则, 减少对自己的表扬;一致准则, 减少自己与别人在观点上的不一致;同情准则, 减少自己与他人在感情上的对立。
二、度范畴
范畴 (Category) 是一个哲学概念, 从古代的柏拉图、亚里士多德到近现代的康德、胡塞尔等人都对范畴进行了深刻的探讨。范畴不同于个别物, 为了认识世界, 人类必须进行类属划分的范畴化活动。范畴即是我们所说的“种”, 它是在范畴化过程中产生的。范畴化以个别物为基础, 并根据个别物建立起范畴或根据范畴的本质把某物纳入此范畴或彼范畴。
度范畴 (Degree Category) 是决定事物质量的数量界限。度的两端所存在的极限叫临界点, 在临界点的限度之内, 量的变化不会引起质的变化, 超出这个限度, 事物就要发生质变。
我们知道, 语言的使用不能只讲究遣词造句的正误, 更重要的是语言使用是否得体, 即要掌握一定的度。掌握度范畴才能正确地进行交际。语言层面上的度范畴可分为冗余度、模糊度、规范度等, 这与语言信息量的大小、语言本身的清晰与模糊、语言是否符合规范、礼仪性言语交际以及言语技巧和方法相关。在交际中, 如果我们过度地违反了度范畴, 不仅不能表达语用含义, 反而会引起对方的反感或误解。因此, 只有适度地运用度范畴, 即其中的冗余度、模糊度、规范度, 并在其度范畴内运用语言进行交际, 才能表达特定的语用含义, 达到交际效果。
英文商务信函是国际商贸活动中常用的一种文体, 礼貌是它的文体特征之一。为了使商务交际更灵活、更礼貌, 其中不乏模糊表达和委婉语。
三、礼貌原则在商务英语信函应用中的度范畴
1. 模糊表达的度范畴
一般说来, 并不是所有的商务信件都要具体精确、清楚明白。在某些特定的情况下, 笼统一些、模糊一些反而更好。有时, 由于没有确实的事实或数据, 就不可能做到具体精确。有时, 虽然有确实事实或数据, 但是为了“外交一些”、“策略一些”, 也为了避免表述太清楚、太具体而使用模糊表达。请看下面的例子:
(1) In respect to the price of hand tools we quoted last week, if you can improve the quantity to a much bigger one, say several thousand sets for each item, we are glad to give you some discount.
在例 (1) 中, “improve the quantity to a much bigger one (提高订货数量) ”、“several thousand sets for each item (一个品种几千套) ”、“give you some discount (给一点折扣) ”都没有说清楚订单量提高到什么程度, 给多大的折扣。这种比较模糊的表达让报价方很灵活, 同时劝导买方尽量下大一点的订单, 因为大的订货量暗示着会给更多的折扣。
通常, 在商务英语交际中, 有些行为和言语可能或多或少侵犯、威胁对方的面子, 为了使交际顺利进行下去, 人们常使用各种模糊表达。
(2) We have examined all the cartons one by one and found nearly each of them was leaking more or less.
例 (2) 是买方关于卖方包装低劣的投诉, 出于礼貌及不威胁到对方的面子, 买方用了“nearly each of them (几乎每件) ”、“more or less (或多或少) ”的模糊语言表达抱怨, 使对方不至于过分为难、尴尬, 并为对方积极主动地解决问题提供可能。
正因为以上例子中模糊语言的使用均控制在模糊度之内, 所以才达到了预期的交际效果。如果超出了模糊度的界限, 就会造成语言含糊或导致歧义。所以说, 商务信函写作中掌握一定的模糊的度范畴, 才能使写信人进退自如, 同时也不会影响双方的贸易关系。
应当指出的是, 在商务英语文体中, 有时明白精确的表述确实是十分重要的。必须使用清楚表达的地方如果采用了模糊表达, 将使对方对写作者要表达的意思判断不准, 制约信息的正确传递, 容易引起歧义和误解, 带来消极作用。模糊语言可不可以用, 模糊度是否恰当, 我们可以借助语境来把握。在应具体表达的地方使用了模糊语言, 就违反了模糊语言使用的度范畴, 会使交际效率下降。
2. 委婉语的度范畴
商务书信很注重礼貌, 委婉的表达是显示礼貌的有效方法之一。因此, 在商务书信中, 唐突、鲁莽的词语被换成柔和、委婉、礼貌的措辞, 这既可以委婉地拒绝对方的要求或条件, 又不至于伤害对方的面子, 有利于双方继续保持良好的贸易关系。应该指出的是, 在语言交际场合, 并不是百分之百地遵守礼貌原则中的各准则就达到了最大的礼貌。掌握语言交际中的客套度和委婉度, 适当地使用一些委婉词语, 将能更好地体现礼貌原则。试分析比较下列每组内的两个句子:
(3) 由于原料成本涨价, 我们须提价3%。
a.Due to the rising cost of raw materials, we must raise our price by 3%.
b.Due to the rising cost of raw materials, we are reluctantly compelled to raise our price by 3%.
以上两个句子中, a句采用了直陈语气, 说话直截了当, 显得不够礼貌;而b句使用了较客气礼貌的措辞“we are reluctantly compelled to”, 语气委婉, 体现了礼貌。
由于委婉语的基本特征就是用礼貌、积极的措辞代替否定、消极的词语。所以, 英文商务信函中多使用含有愉快意义的暖色调词语。像accept, accurate, agree, assure, benefit等词语由于语气肯定, 具有积极意味, 常常被人们在商务书信中采用。但是像careless, casual, delay, fail, impossible, loss等词语, 由于含有消极意义, 因而较少被用于商务书信中。请看下面一组例句:
(4) a.I couldn’t complete your order because you failed to mention which size disks you want.
b.In order to help us better serve you, please indicate on the enclosed postcard which size disks you wish us to send you.
上例中这两句话要表达的意思基本相同, 但是a句中使用了“you failed to…”, 似乎有责怪对方的语气;而b句中使用了“help us better serve you”这样的词语, 语气较礼貌。
同时我们注意到有些场合不需要太委婉, 委婉度过大反而达不到预期的交际目的。比如在处理索赔的信函中, 一要防止感情用事, 避免情绪激动;二要说理充分, 措辞一针见血, 坚强有力而又不失礼貌, 使自己处于有利的位置 (廖瑛、莫再树, 2007:177) 。
委婉语只有控制在适度的范围内, 才能表达特定的语用含义, 达到良好的交际效果。中国人有句话叫做“过犹不及”。任何事情, 一旦过了头, 效果反而不好。礼貌过了头, 可能会变成阿谀奉承;真诚过了头, 就会变成天真幼稚。所以最关键的还是要把握好“度”, 才能达到预期的交际效果。
摘要：英文商务信函是国际商贸活动中常用的一种文体, 礼貌是它的文体特征之一。为了使商务交际更灵活、更礼貌, 其中不乏模糊表达和委婉语。本文借用了哲学与数学领域中度范畴的概念, 探讨了模糊表达和委婉语在商务信函写作中的应用, 并得出结论:只有很好地把握礼貌原则应用的度范畴, 才能使商务英语信函写作更趋于礼貌与得体。
关键词：礼貌原则,英文商务信函,度范畴,模糊表达,委婉语
参考文献
[1]LEECH G N.Principles of Pragmatics[M].London:Longman, 1983.
[2]陶卫红.语言交际的度范畴及其语用色彩[J].外语研究, 2000 (3) :17-18.
[3]廖瑛, 莫再树.国际商务英语语言与翻译[M].北京:对外经济贸易大学出版社, 2007.
[4]胡志雯.语用原则在商务英语应用中的度范畴[D].长沙:湖南大学, 2002.
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信函英文 篇8
关键词：人际功能理论 语气 “负面消息”商务信函 翻译策略
1、引言
商务信函是指国际经贸活动中用以洽谈生意、磋商问题的函件。本文拟用传达负面消息的英文商务信函作为分析对象，以系统功能语言学的人际功能理论进行分析，探究其译文如何真实生动地再现原文文本的人际意义。
2、理论基础
Halliday提出的纯理功能包括概念功能、人际功能和语篇功能。其中人际功能包括语气、情态和语调三个语义系统；在语法层面上,语言主要通过语气系统和情态系统来体现其人际功能[1]。本文拟从语气系统层面对传达负面信息的英文信函实例进行分析，探讨其人际功能和翻译策略。
3、实例分析
以下是买方拒绝与卖方建立业务关系的信函，本文将以此为例，从几个细化的角度进行分析，探究其如何实现人际功能以及运用哪些翻译策略。
原文：Gentlemen:
Your New Model, DONGFENG-3
We have duly received with many thanks your letter of July 15,1997, introducing to us your new manufacture, DONGFENG-3, in which we have very much interest. We, however, regret to inform you that we are not in a position to enter into business relations with any firms in your country because we have already been appointed as an agent by a German Automobile Manufacturing Company for the sale of their products.
Under the circumstances, we are compelled to refrain from transacting with you at least until the agency contract expires. Of course, we filed your letter and catalog for our future reference, so we may not fail to contact you when we become free from the agency contract.
We thank you again and hope you will understand our situation fully.
Yours very truly,
译文：先生们：
新型农用车“东风－３”
贵公司一九九七年七月十五日函悉，非常感谢。来信介绍了你公司的产品“东风－３”，对此我们颇感兴趣。但遗憾的是我们不能同贵国任何商行建立业务关系，因为我公司已经由一家德国汽车制造公司委派为他们的代理，推销他们的产品。
在这种情况下，至少在代理合同期满之前，我们不能同贵公司做买卖，这是迫不得已的。当然，你们的来信和产品目录已存档案，当我们终止已有的代理时，一定与贵公司联系。
再次感谢你们，并希望贵公司充分理解我们的处境。
3.1 从语气系统分析
语气由主语和限定成分构成 ,其中主语由名词性词组充当，而限定成分属动词词组的一部分。主语和限定成分之外的其余部分称作剩余部分，它包括谓语，补语和状语（或附加语）[1]。下面将从这三个方面对上述例文进行分析。
3.1.1 小句主语
传递负面信息的英文商务信函，如例文，大多用“We”作主语，,这样一方面突出信函的目的，即陈述不能接受业务合作的原因；另一方面使句子语气友好，保持良好的人际关系。译文并没有将原文的的主语一一对应翻译过来，而是根据汉语的表达习惯，采取不同的主语来传递信函的信息以及蕴含的礼貌态度，达到了功能对等。
3.1.2 语气类型
系统功能语法的语气类型包括直陈式和命令式两种，英文负面消息商务信函多使用陈述语气，用来提供不满意或不能合作的信息，或是向对方发出命令或请求等。如例文中，全文共5句，全都是陈述句，译文也同样用陈述句传达收信人不能接受业务合作的原因及感激之情，语气委婉、客气，有利于以后业务关系的建立。
3.1.3 剩余部分-状语
小句剩余部分的状语包括情景状语、情态状语和连接状语。情态状语可分为语气状语和评述状语。其中，语气状语是语气成分的一部分，体现人际功能[2]。如例文中“… we have already been appointed as an agent …”的“already”一词，表明动作已经完成，体现了写信人想同对方合作但又无可奈何的心情，使收信人心理上易于接受。
连接状语通常出现在某些成分的边缘，如句首、句尾、主位和述位之间及语气与剩余成分之间，以有利于语篇的组织[1]。如例文中“We, however, regret to inform you that…”的“however”，出现在主位和述位之间，表达意义的转折，但并不表达人际功能。
4、结束语
本文通过从语气系统对传递负面消息的商务信函进行分析，探讨其实现人际功能的方式及翻译方法，发现传递负面消息的商务信函为实现其特定的交际目的，在语气上有其自身的语言特点：一般用 “we”作为小句主语；主要使用陈述句；传达人际功能的状语。传递负面消息的商务信函正是在语气上采取这些策略来表达写信人的观点、感情和态度，并试图影响收信人的态度和行为。
参考文献：
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