计算机英语高级词汇?Games

计算机英语高级词汇?Games（精选8篇）

计算机英语高级词汇?Games 篇1

cti(computer telephone integration，计算机电话综合技术)

dbs(direct broadcast satellite，直接卫星广播)

dwdm(dense wave length division multiplex，波长密集型复用技术)

mmds(multichannel multipoint distribution service，多波段多点分发服务)

pcm(pulse code modulation，脉冲编码调制)

pstn(public switched telephone network，公用交换式电话网)

tapi(telephony application programming interface，电话应用程序接口)

tsapi(telephony services application programming interface，电话服务应用程序接口)

wdm(wave length division multiplex，波分多路复用)

计算机英语高级词汇?Games 篇2

关键词：书面表达,高级词汇,高级句型

笔者曾经和自己所教过的高一年级几个英语成绩不错的学生探讨有关英语作文的问题, 其中谈到最多的是:“什么样的英语作文算是好作文?”对于这个问题的回答, 大部分学生一致认为, 一篇好的书面表达应该符合以下三个要求:第一, 能够按照书面表达的要求, 完整地把意思表达出来;第二, 表达正确、流畅, 并且很少有语法错误;第三, 无错别字, 即没有单词的拼写错误。

刚升入高中的学生, 通过初中阶段的英语学习, 已经对英语作文有了一个感性的认识。在他们看来, 如果自己的英语作文能够达到以上三个要求, 就是一篇很好的作文了。

但是, 如果你向高三年级的学生问同样的问题, 他们就不会这么认为了, 几乎所有的高三学生都会告诉你:只是达到这三个要求, 书面表达是得不到高分的。

同一个问题, 不同年级的学生其答案是不一样的, 这是因为, 随着高中阶段对英语学习的深入, 如果只是把意思表达出来, 没有词汇拼写和语法错误, 已经不能适应高考的要求了。因为高考英语书面表达评分标准第五档 (很好) 中有这样一段话:“应用了较多的语法结构和词汇;语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误, 但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致。”这就是说, 学生仅仅运用基础词汇和基本句型, 不能体现出较强的语言运用能力, 即使表达无语法错误, 也不能得高分;相反, 有些错误是由于有意识地使用复杂结构或较高级词汇所致, 故也不扣分, 仍属于最高档次。高考把写作要求提到了这样一个高度, 有利于反映学生的水平层次, 有利于指导教学, 原来那种“要点完整、语言无误、行文连贯、表达清楚”的标准早已落后了。

有人说, “翻译是戴着镣铐跳舞”, 那么高考英语写作更是如此, 但考生不仅仅要“戴着镣铐跳舞”, 而且还要跳得优美才好。之所以这样来形容, 是因为高考英语写作的内容通过文字、表格、图片这三种形式在某种程度上已经做了一种限定, 考生所需要做的就是把这些已给的要点和内容进行“包装和提升”, 使其鲜亮和饱满起来。如果只是简单地翻译并堆砌在一起, 显然无法吸引阅卷教师, 这也就是英语写作不同于语文作文的地方。如果说语文作文是一个自由发挥的舞蹈, 那么英语写作就是“戴着镣铐跳舞”。就像穿衣服一样, 不要老去穿毫无变化的“校服” (简单句) , 而要穿一些不一样的“衣服”, 让它显得不那么单调, 也让阅卷教师能够看到与众不同的亮点, 而这些“衣服”也就是多变句型与词汇。

那么, 在平时的训练和写作中应该怎样使用高级词汇和高级句型呢?

一、学会使用高级词汇

(一) 多练习、多实践、多动手

遣词造句, 实践是金。学生在平时的训练中, 要有意识地强化“复杂、高级”这两个概念, 使自己的作文能区别于普通学生的作文, 站在一个比别人高的位置上, 充分显示自己的实力。“处处留心皆学问”。同时, 学生在平时的阅读过程中要善于积累精彩的词句和表达, 不断丰富和扩大自己的“语言库”, 这样, 在高考临场时才能做到“下笔如有神”。

高考中的英文单词可以分为活的词汇和休眠词汇, 休眠词汇是指你认识它, 却没有主动使用它的意识。学生要培养一种主动使用高级词汇的意识, 摇醒在自己脑中休眠的漂亮高级词汇, 停止使用good, very good, very very very good这样的表达, 转而投向wonderful, excellent, outstanding, super, terrific这些宛如衣服上的珍珠一样的词汇, 为自己的作文增光添彩。同样表示“著名的”, famous是一个初一学生的专利, 而高中学生就要求能写出remarkable, distinguished, celebrated等词汇。所以, 想得高分, 一定要使用高级词汇。有的学生说:“distinguished我也认识, 但是我自己写的时候怎么就想不起来呢?”原因很简单, 就是你只是认识而已, 没有实践。大家记住, 每次写作文时脑海中最先闪现的词汇就是要考虑换掉的词汇。当写作中需要表达一个人漂亮的时候, 你写下去的beautiful, 想想是不是能够升级成attractive, good-looking, charming, fair;每当想要表达“许多、大量”时, 是不是马上落笔many/much?先不要!想想是不是可以修改成substantial, abundant或者amount, 甚至使用词组a large quantity of等。

(二) 做一个勤快人、有心人

学生在平常学习中一定要多积累一些高级词汇, 学习这些词汇的时候, 一定要多想一想这些词汇的同义词有哪些, 在这些同义词中, 哪些属于高级词汇。如下面的这些词, 学生在学习时就可以想一想, 能不能用其它的同义词来代替。

目前很大一部分学生的作文得分都处在17~18分左右, 因为写作满分30分, 因此, 17~18分也就是个及格分。到底17~18分的作文差在哪儿?这个问题很容易回答。这样的作文中规中矩, 该对的都对, 内容要点完整, 语法与词形也正确, 但全都是很简单的句子的堆砌, 没有任何亮点;而20多分的作文在句型、词汇方面就做了很好的包装, 它的句子穿的“衣服”已经不是校服, 而是耐克或者是阿迪达斯, 所以让人觉得很“拽”, 而高考英语写作要的就是这种很“拽”的感觉。这种感觉可以通过阅读来提高。从语言学习的规律来看, 在阅读能力达到一定水平之后, 要过渡到写译训练上来, 即从输入过渡到输出上来。只有一定量的输入, 才能产生一定质的输出。中国有句古话:“读书破万卷, 下笔如有神。”这在一定意义上说明了多读和能写之间的密切联系, 多读是能写和会写的基础。汉语如此, 英语亦然。通过阅读才能加深学生对所学词汇的认识, 才能学会它在具体语境中的具体使用, 在写作时头脑中才能反映出这些词汇, 进而使用这些词汇。

虽然高考书面表达提倡和鼓励考生使用高级词汇, 但这并不意味着考生要去选择一些偏、怪、难的词汇。使用高级词汇, 不是片面追求花哨文字, 或拼凑一些错误百出的英语词句, 而是要确保在没有错误的前提下进行适当地发挥。

二、学会使用高级句型

学生在平常造句时要遵循这样的原则:句式多变, 语法活用。句子是表达一个完整意思的最小单位, 所以, 造句能力在英语写作中是非常重要的。好的英语句子能够生动、形象、准确地表达内容, 要想写出漂亮的书面表达, 必须从写好句子开始。正所谓“万丈高楼平地起”。因此, 学生必须练好扎实的语言基本功。除了掌握好英语简单句的基本句型并学会去应用之外, 学生还要学会使用复合句、长句;力求变换各种句式, 如强调句、倒装句、各种从句和固定句型等, 长句和短句交错使用等等。英语和汉语中都有一词多义的现象, 写作时同样的意思, 考生应该尽可能用多种方法翻译, 然后找出一个最佳表达。比如下面这个句子的翻译:

这本书是如此的有趣, 以至于我读了一遍又一遍。

翻译1:This book was so interesting that I read it again and again.

翻译2:This was such an interesting book that Iread it again and again.

翻译3:This was so interesting a book that Iread it again and again.

翻译4:So interesting was this book that I read it again and again.

这四句译文当中, 评卷教师最欣赏的是第四句, 因为它用了倒装句型。

具体来说可学着使用下面这些句型:

(一) 学会使用复合句

复合句可以把结构松散的句子连接起来, 从而使表达显得更加高级。高考写作中用到的复合句包括下面三种:

1. 名词性从句

Who has cheated in this math exam?It is clear.

→It is not clear who has cheated in this math exam.

This is my advice.We should speed up the work.

→My advice is that we should speed up the work

When will you return?I shall be glad to know it.

→I shall be glad to know when you will return.

I made a promise.I’d join the club.

→I made a promise that I’d join the club.

2. 定语从句

The book is mine.He has taken it away.

→The book he has taken away is mine.

3. 状语从句

They were very happy.They worked out the results.

→When they worked out the results, they were very happy.

(二) 学会使用非谓语动词

When he heard the exciting news, the boy jumped for joy.

→Hearing the exciting news, the boy jumped for joy.

When he asked about his family, he made no answer.

→Asked about his family, he made no answer.

He got up early in order to catch the bus.

→He got up early so that he could catch the bus.

(三) 学会使用某些惯用句型

学生在写作中如果能恰当运用英语中某些常见的惯用句型, 可以使文章显得富有“洋味”。

1.It happened (chanced) that+clause.=sb.happened/chanced sth.=sb.did sth.by chance.

当我到那儿时, 碰巧他不在。

→It happened that he was out when I got there.

→He happened to be out when I got there.

→It chanced that he was out when I got there.

→He was out by chance when I got there.

2. It is/was+被强调的部分+that (who) +剩余的部分.

直到他回来我才睡觉。

→It wasn’t until he came back that I went to bed.

只因为他有病了今天没有来上学。

→It was because he was ill that he didn’t come to school today.

3. It is+段时间+since+主语+did.

他已经离开这儿五年了。

→It is five years since he left here.

4. It+谓语+段时间+before+主语+谓语.

没有多久那个国家的人民就起义了。

→It wasn’t long before the people in that country rose up.

从上面的论述可以看出, 句子是作文最大的单位, 有了漂亮的句子, 用好的连词将其连句成段, 再加上亮点词汇的点缀, 一篇好的高考英语作文就有了。

三、结束语

综上所述, 高考书面表达提出的鼓励学生使用高级词汇和高级句型, 为学生充分发挥自己的英语表达能力提供了很大的空间。只要学生充分发挥自己的主观能动性, 充分发挥自己驾驭语言的能力, 学会使用平常见到的、积累的高级词汇和高级句型, 并学会应用它们, 就一定能把自己的写作能力提高到一个更高的层次。

参考文献

包天仁.2005.素质教育理念下的英语测试新探究[M].长春:吉林教育出版社.

计算机英语高级词汇?Games 篇3

一、 高级词汇在高中英语写作中的应用

高级词汇，是指较为复杂的、古雅的、更为书面化的词汇。自西方修辞学产生以来，演讲家和语言学界就非常推崇高级词汇的使用。高级词汇的使用展现了演讲家和作家渊博的学识和良好的人文素养，是显示演讲家和作家魅力的一种重要手段。当然对于今天的高中生来讲，需要掌握的词汇数量为3000个左右，他们不可能达到信手拈来、娴熟运用高级词汇的水平。不过，老师可以在高中英语写作教学中有意地让学生掌握一些书面化的、典雅的词汇，以代替那些司空见惯、让人生厌的词汇。在英语写作中，词汇使用得恰当，不仅能够使文章更加生动活泼，而且也可以吸引阅卷老师的眼球，成为评分时的加分亮点。

1. 避免运用“过滥”的词汇

据统计，高中生在英语写作中经常会遇到“我喜欢……”、“我想去（做）……”和“有益的”等的表达，很多学生习惯地运用“I like ...”、 “I want to ...”、 “helpful”等平庸无奇、毫无新意的词汇。虽然运用这些简单的词汇并不错，但是在短短的100多字的作文中如果充斥了过多这样的词汇，其实也反映出该生词汇的贫乏和表现力的欠缺。

但是，如果将上述表达换成“... is one of my favorite hobbies”、 “I would like to ...”和“be of benefit”会显得更正式，更让人产生新奇的感觉。

同样， I want to see the film. 可以转换为I would like to see the film.

I like playing football. 可以转换为Playing football is one of my favorite hobbies.

Fresh air is helpful to our health. 可以转换为Fresh air is of great benefit to our health.

很显然，采用了高级词汇的句子更加新颖一些，也更能吸引读者的注意力。这也表现出了作者较强的语言运用能力。

2. 使用新颖的表达方式和高级词汇

高级词汇，并不是无中生有，空穴来风。对于一些优秀的学生来讲，可以独辟蹊径，通过各种途径，寻找与众不同的表达方式。这种新奇的表达方式和高级词汇，既可以是《大纲》中有的，也可以是《大纲》中没有的。学生在写作的过程中，可以有意地运用一些《大纲》中没有但是自己已经学过的、有把握的词汇，也可以使用构词法变来的新词或使用在课外阅读中所学到的适合所写文章语境的表达方式。例如：

In short， things have began to improve since schools were called to reduce learning load ... but I used to have to work even at weekends doing endless homework and attending classes as well ... As far as I know， everyone is happy about this new arrangement of things ...

本片段使用了所学单词end的派生词endless， arrange的名词arrangement， 还使用了《大纲》上没有的in short， as far as I know， what??s more等关联词语，增强了句与句之间的联系，使文章浑然一体。

高中生在英语写作中应该追求新意，有意地多运用一些新奇的高级英语词汇。这将会使作文的形式和内容之间更富有张力，也将进一步增进高中生灵活运用高级词汇的能力，提高他们的写作水平。

二、 复杂句式在英语写作中的应用

句子是语言交际的基本单位，也是写作的基本单位。许多学生喜欢把汉语的句式迁移到英语的写作中。英语和汉语作为两种语言，句法结构有很大的不同。贾玉新把英汉两种语言的特点很精练地概括如下：“英语高度形式化、逻辑化，句法结构严谨完备，并以动词为核心，重分析轻意合；而汉语则不注重形式，句法结构不必完备。”优秀的作文，需要复杂句式和简单句式交错使用。

1. 简单句变为复合句或并列句

在英语中，复合句是由一个主句和一个或者几个从句所构成的句子。汉语的句式往往短小精悍。而正式场合英语的句式为了追求语言表达的准确度，往往层层限制，多采用层次复杂的复合句式。在复合句式中，主要的思想用主句来显示，而其他次要的思想则根据它们和主句的逻辑关系，分别变为从句、短语。高中英语作文明确要求学生能够运用多种句式，这其实是要求学生除了掌握简单句以外，也要学会熟练运用多种基本的复合句。善于改变句式，才能使文章更加流畅生动。

简单句变为复合句或并列句，使文章看起来更有层次感，更为多样化。复合句往往体现了写作者对语言较强的驾驭能力。例如：

I am tired. I still do my homework. （简单句）

→ Although I am tired， I still do my homework. （复合句）

→ I am tired， but I still do my homework. （并列句）

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通过比较，我们不难看出，后两个句子明显比前一个句子更有层次感，逻辑也更加严谨。

2. 多种手段灵活运用

巧妙灵活地使用各种句式，可以有效避免千篇一律的弊病，提高文章的品味。高中生在进行英语写作的时候，既可以使用同义词语或结构表达相同的意思，也可以交替使用长、短句等来丰富表达手段。下面是两个在作文题目中提示出信息的句子：

（1） 现在有时间看课外书、参观博物馆，学习电脑；

（2） 现在有时间看新闻、读报纸等。

有部分同学表达为：

（1） Now we have more time to read some books and visit museums.

（2） And we also have more time to read newspapers and watch news on TV.

在总字数只有100多字的高中英语作文中应该竭力避免使用一些长度类似、结构相同的句型。以上两个句子的长度接近，句式相同，应该注意改进。如若改为下面方式来表达，长短句合理使用，就会为文章增光添彩，体现出作者深厚的写作功底。

Now I have more free time. I can follow my interests such as reading， visiting museums， and taking computer lessons. In the evening， I can watch news on TV or read newspapers.

三、 教师在课堂教学中培养学生使用高级词汇和复杂句式的方法

要实现新课标的要求，培养学生综合运用英语的能力，仅仅通过教师向学生讲授写作技巧这一单一途径是不够的，英语老师还应该在课堂教学中采用灵活多变的方法和策略，通过案例教学法激发学生的兴趣，寓教于乐，使学生在轻松欢快的氛围中掌握高级词汇和复杂句式，从而在写作中有意识地加以运用，以使作文增加亮点，提高成绩。

如果学生的英语基础较为薄弱，老师可以将一篇优秀习作中的高级词汇和复杂句式去掉，先让学生填空，培养学生使用高级词汇和复杂句式的意识，养成良好的习惯。如果学生的英语写作水平较高，教师可以当堂布置一篇作文，并进行部分学生的辅导式面批及展示佳作，从而达到全班学生同时学习，互相勉励，共同进步的目的。

参考文献：

1. 贾玉新.跨文化交际学［M］.上海：上海外语教育出版社，2004.

2. 胡壮麟.语言学教程［M］.北京：北京大学出版社，2001.

计算机英语高级词汇?Games 篇4

dbs（direct broadcast satellite，直接卫星广播）

dwdm（dense wave length division multiplex，波长密集型复用技术）

mmds（multichannel multipoint distribution service，多波段多点分发服务）

pcm（pulse code modulation，脉冲编码调制）

pstn（public switched telephone network，公用交换式电话网）

tapi（telephony application programming interface，电话应用程序接口）

tsapi（telephony services application programming interface，电话服务应用程序接口）

英语作文高级结构词汇 篇5

He is caught up in ( very interested in ) collecting stamps.

2.more than 替换 very

①I’m very glad to learn that you are coming in September. →

I’m more than glad to learn that you are coming in September. ( NMET 2003 )

②If there is anything I can do for you, I would be more than glad to help.(2004全国卷)

3.perfect (ly) 替换 good/ very well

He speaks perfect ( good ) English./ He speaks English perfectly ( very well ).

4.can not but / can not help but 替换 have to do

I could not but (had to) go home.

5.more often than not 替换 usually

More often than not (Usually), the meaning of many words can be easily guessed.

6.lest 替换 so that /in order that

I wrote down his telephone number so that I would not forget it. →

I wrote down his telephone number lest I (should) forget it.

7.be long for sth. / be long to do sth. 替换 want to do sth./wish for

I want to see you very much. →

I am long to see you.

8.do sb a/the favor 替换 help

Would you please do me the favor ( help me ) to turn down the radio?

9.the other day 替换 a few days ago

The other day my brother and I went to the cinema by bicycle. ( NMET 1997 )

10.in the course of 替换 during

高考英语写作常见的高级词汇 篇6

老师在讲评书面表达时，经常告诉学生说，书面表达要得高分，就得有高级句型和高级词汇；但很多同学在写书面表达时，总认为高级句型和高级词汇很神秘，高不可及。其实，未必如此！通过研读一些优秀的学生习作和历年高考书面表达的范文，我们发现，很多所谓的高级句型和高级词汇正是我们老师反复讲解和训练的。下面列举一些常见且高级的词汇，供同学们参考。

1．occur 替换 think of Suddenly I had an idea that someone had broken into my house.→

An idea occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.It occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.2．devote替换spend He spends all his spare time in reading.→

He devotes all his spare time to reading.3．seek替换want / look for They sought(wanted)to hide themselves behind the trees.4．average 替换ordinary I’m an average(ordinary)student.5．but替换very The film we saw last night was very interesting.→

The film we saw last night was nothing but interesting.The film we saw last night was anything but boring.6．seat 替换sit On his way to school, he found an old lady seated(sitting)by the road, looking worried.7．suppose 替换should He is supposed to(should)have driven more slowly.8．appreciate 替换thank Thank you very much for you help.→

We appreciate your help very much./ Your help is much appreciated.9．the case替换 true I don’t think it is the case(true).10．on替换as soon as As soon as he arrived, he began his research.→

On his arrival, he began his research..11．due to替换because of He arrived late due to(because of)the storm.12．cover替换walk/read After covering(walking)10 miles, we all felt tired.13．contribute to替换 be helpful/useful Plenty of memory work is undoubtedly helpful to English study.→

Plenty of memory work will undoubtedly contribute to English study.14．round the corner 替换 coming soon/ nearby ① The summer vacation is round the corner(coming).Do you have any plans? ② Li Ming studies in a school round the corner(nearby).15．come to light替换discover The family were so pleased when they discovered the lost jewels.→

The family were so pleased when the lost jewels came to light.16．have a ball替换have a good time/ enjoy oneself After visiting the workshop, we went back to school.Every one of us had a ball(had a good time).17．come up with替换think of Jack is very clever.He often comes up with(thinks of)new ideas.18．set aside替换save Some students think that they should set aside some of their pocket money for books.19．be of + n.替换adj.The products are of high quality(very good)and are sold everywhere in China.20．refer to 替换talk about/of, mention The professor you referred to(talked about)is very famous.21．can not but / can not help but替换have to do I could not but(had to)go home.22．more often than not替换usually More often than not(Usually), the meaning of many words can be easily guessed.23．lest替换so that /in order that I wrote down his telephone number so that I would not forget it.→

I wrote down his telephone number lest I(should)forget it.24．be long for sth./ be long to do sth.替换want to do sth./wish for I want to see you very much.→

I am long to see you.25．be caught up in/be crazy about/be absorbed in/be addicted to替换be interested in He is caught up in(very interested in)collecting stamps.26．more than替换very ① I’m very glad to learn that you are coming in September.→

商务英语BEC高级词汇解析 篇7

[例] The company is regarded legally as an artifical person.

[同义词] fictitious person, juristic person

as per (adv) according to根据

[例] As per your request that is made in your last mail, we are writing to confirm our point concerning the price.

asap as soon as possible 及早

[例] After the cargo reaches your dock,please inform us by fax or email asap.

assemble [ E5sembl ] (v.)1. put (a product) together from component parts装配

[例] After the internal innovation, the efficiency of workers’ assembling machines has greatly improved.

2.to bring or call together into a group or whole集合

[例] Ask your colleagues to assemble in the meeting room at 10:15.

assembly-line (n.) layout of workers and machines where the work passes from one worker to the next, usually on a moving belt, until it is finished装配线

[例] All the workers should take care of the assembly line.

assembly [ E5sembli ] (n.) putting (a product) together装配

[例] We have automated assembly line.

assembly point (n.) a place where people should gather in an emergency.集合地点

assented stock (n.) an item of financial value, eg an ordinary share, that belongs to someone who has agreed to the conditions of a takeover bid 同意股票

assess [ E5ses ] (v.) estimate the value of估价

[例] The property was assessed at ￡20,000.

[同义词] value, evaluate

assessment [ E5sesmEnt ] (n.) calculation of value估价

[例] a tax assessment

[同义词] evaluation, appraisal

asset [ 5Aset ] (n.) something of value which is owned by a company资产

[例] Their company’s major asset is its property.

[同义词] property

asset backing (n.) the total value of the assets of a company divided by the number of ordinary shares issues. 资产保证

[例] We must ensure a solid asset backing for our company.

associate company (n.) a company of which more than 20%, but less than 51% of the share capital is held by another company .联营公司

[例] This firm is an associate company , not a holding company.

current assets (n.) assets in daily use by a business 流动资产

fixed assets (n.) property and machinery固定资产

[例] Plants and machines are fixed assets.

frozen assets (n.) assets which cannot be sold, usually because there is a dispute冻结资产

计算机英语高级词汇?Games 篇8

1.贫穷的：poor;

needy;

impoverished;

poverty-stricken 2.富裕的：rich;

wealthy;

affluent;

well-to-do;

well-off 3.优秀的：excellent;

eminent;

top;

outstanding 4.积极的，好的：good;

conducive;

beneficial;advantageous 5.消极的，不良的：bad;

detrimental;

baneful;undesirable 6.明显的：obvious;

apparent;

evident;manifest 8.惊人的：surprising;

amazing;

extraordinary;

miraculous 9.美丽的：beautiful;

attractive;

gorgeous;

eye-catching 10.有活力的：energetic;

dynamic;

11.流行的： popular;

prevailing;

prevalent;

1.Everywhere 普遍的Widespread、Prevalent、Overflow 2.Good 好的Beneficial、Advantageous 3.Harmful 有害的Inhumane、Detrimental、Baneful 4.Rich 富有的Wealthy、Affluent 7.Serious 严重的Severe 9.cheap 便宜的Economical、Inexpensive ★ 动词：

1.提高，加强：improve;

enhance;

promote;

strengthen;

optimize 2.引起：cause;

trigger;

endanger 3.解决：solve;resolve;address;

tackle;cope with;

deal with 4.拆除：destroy;

tear down;

knock down;

eradicate 5.培养: develop;

cultivate;

6.激发，鼓励：encourage;

motivate;

stimulate;

spur 7.认为： think;

assert;

hold;

claim;

argue 8.完成：complete;

fulfill;

accomplish;

achieve 9.保留：keep;

preserve;

retain;

hold 10.有害于：destroy;

impair;

undermine;

jeopardize 11.减轻: ease;

alleviate;

relieve;

lighten 2.change 改变：Transform 3.Emphasize 强调：Highlight、Stress、Address(这是个9星级用法)4.Develop培养：Agriculture、Cultivate、Nurture 5.Break 破坏：Impair、Undermine这两个词指的是抽象意义上的破坏Jeopardize、Devastate 7.deal With解决Tackle、Address（这也是高难度用法，很牛）、Resolve 8.need 需要Require、necessitate、call for ★ 名词：

1.影响：influence;

impact 2.危险：danger;

perils;hazard 3.污染：pollution;

contamination 4.人类：human beings;

mankind;

human race 5.老人：

the old;

the elderly;

the aged;

senior citizens 6.幸福：happiness;

cheerfulness;

well-being 7.老师：teachers;

instructors;

educators;

lecturers 8.教育：education;

schooling;

family parenting;

upbringing 9.青少年：young people;

youngsters;

youths;

adolescents 10.优点：advantage;

merits;

superiority;

virtue(美德)11.责任： responsibility;

obligation;

duty;

liability 12.能力： ability;

capacity;

power;

skill 13.职业： job;

career;

employment;

profession 14.娱乐： enjoyment;

pastimes;

recreation;

entertainment 15.孩子： children;

offspring;

descendant;

kid 1.Forefather 祖先Ancestor、Predecessor 2.Difference不同Gap（简单但是牛！）、Distinction 3.Crime 犯罪Delinquency、Criminal Act 4.Environment 环境Circumstance、Atmosphere、Surrounding、Ambience 5.Pollution 污染Contamination 6.Human 人类The human race Humanity Humankind 8.In modern society 在当今社会In contemporary society ；In present-day society ；

In this day and age ★ 短语：

1.充满了：be filled with;be awash with;be inundate with;be saturated with 2.努力：struggle for;

aspire after;

strive for;

spare no efforts for 3.从事： embark on;

take up;

set about;

go in for 4.在当代: in contemporarysociety;in present-day society;

in this day and age 5.大量的: a host of;

a multitude of;

a vast number of;

a vast amount of ★好词

1解决: Solve, deal with, cope with, handle, resolve, address, tackle 2损害： Damage, hurt, injure, harm, impair, undermine, jeopardize 3给与：Give, offer, render, impart, provide, supply, afford 4培养：：Develop, cultivate, foster 5优势：Advantage, merit, virtue, benefit, upside, strength 6 缺陷：Disadvantage, demerit, drawback, downside, weakness 7 使迷惑：Puzzle, bewilder, perplex, baffle 8 重要的：Key, crucial, critical, important, significant, vital, substantial, indispensable, imperative 9 认为：Think, believe, insist, maintain, assert, conclude, deem, hold, argue, be convinced, be firmly convinced, be fully convinced 10 保护：Protect, conserve, preserve 11确保：Assure, ensure, guarantee, pledge 12 有害的： Bad, baneful evil, harmful, detrimental 13 要求 ：Request, demand, needs, requisition 14 消除 ：Eliminate, clear, remove, clear up, take away, smooth away 15 导致： Lead to, bring about, result in, cause, spark off, conduce to, procure, induce, generate 16 因此：So, therefore, thus, hence, consequently, as a consequence, accordingly, as a result, because of this, as a result of this 17 增长至：Grow to，rise to，increase to，go up to，climb to，ascend to，jump to，shoot to 18降低至：Dip to，fall to，decline to，decrease to，drop to，go down to，reduce to，slump to，descend to，sink to，slide to 19保持稳定：Level out，do not change，remain stable，remain still，remain steady，be stable，maintain the same level，remain unchanged，be still，remain the same level，stay constant，keep at the same level，level off，stabilize，keep its stability，even out 20 急剧地：Dramatically，drastically，sharply，hugely，enormously，steeply，substantially，considerably，significantly，markedly，surprisingly，strikingly，radically，remarkably，vastly，noticeably 21平稳地：Steadily，smoothly，slightly，slowly，marginally，gradually，moderately，mildly 22 宣称：Allege, assert, declare, claim 23 发生：Happen, occur, take place 24 原因：Reason, factor, cause 25 发展：Development, advance, progress 26 有益的：Useful, helpful, beneficial, profitable, rewarding；advantageous 27 影响：Influence, impact, effect 28明显的：Clear, obvious, evident, self-evident, manifest, apparent, crystal-clear 29占：Comprise, take up, account for, constitute, consist of, make up, occupy, hold, compose 30与…相比：Compared with，compared to，in comparison with，in comparison to，by comparison with，by comparison to 31对比而言：By contrast，in contrast，on the other hand，on the contrary;，conversely 32展示：Show, reveal, illustrate, demonstrate, depict, present, represent, describe 33 大约：Approximately，almost，about，around，nearly，roughly 34波动：Fluctuate，go ups and downs，display a fluctuation，demonstrate a fluctuation 35事实上：Practically，in practice，essentially，in essence，in reality，in effect，in fact，as a matter of fact，it is a fact that 36换言之：Namely，that is to say，in other words，to put it like this，to put it differently，to put it from another way，to put it from another angle.★ 插入语 1.indeed的确； 2.surely无疑； 3.however然而； 4.obviously显然

5.frankly坦率地说； 6.naturally自然；

7.luckily(或happily)for sb.算某人幸运； 8.fortunately/luckily幸好； 9.honestly真的； 10.briefly简单地说，11.strange to say说也奇怪； 12.needless to say不用说；

13.most important of all最为重要是； 13.worse still更糟糕的是；

14.in a few words(或in sum，in short)简而言之； 15.in other words换句话说； 16.in a sense在某种意义上； 17.in general一般说来； 18.in my view在我看来； 19.in conclusion总之； 20.in summary概括地说； 21.in fact事实上；

22.in the first place首先； 23.in addition此外； 24.of course当然；

25.to my knowledge据我所知； 26.for instance(或example)例如； 27.as a matter of fact事实上, 27.strictly speaking严格地说；

28.29.generally speaking一般地说； 30.judging from…根据……判断, 31.to be sure无疑；

32.to sum up概括地说； 33.to tell the truth老实说, 34.I am sure我可以肯定地说； 35.I believe我相信； 36.I wonder我不知道； 37.that is也就是说； 38.it seems看来是； 39.as I see it照我看来；

40.what is important(serious)重要(严重)的是

六级的最爱：

deprive of 剥夺；

budget 预算； compensation 弥补，补偿

intuition 直觉； penalty 惩罚，点球；

potential 潜在的；

in terms of在……方面；

sheer完全的；

trivial 琐碎的； eternal永恒的； 六级中考到的“ 娱乐”

entertainment娱乐

enjoyment 自娱自乐

amusement（女神缪斯）最正宗的娱乐 pastime 休闲，娱乐

recreation(消遣，娱乐)leisure 悠闲，安逸

六级中表示优秀的： 六级中表示拥护，支持者

prominent 优秀的 sponsors 发起人

eminent 突出的，杰出的 contributors 捐助人 outstanding 杰出的 vocal（声音上）

advocates一再地声援——>拥护者，支持者

六级关于二手房刮墙纸和粘墙纸

刮：scrape(也可形容摩天大厦)粘墙纸：overlap一张一张地粘，在上面有所重叠

collide with 运动物体的相撞

bump into运动物体向静止物体相撞

coincide with 时间、空间上都是一致的

表示复制，模仿

reproductive 复制，生殖系统的duplicate 复制，模仿

deliberately 不是随便想出来——>故意地，深思熟虑地 intentionally 故意地

dispatch/despatch;sent派遣，打发

external外部的 internal内部的 eternal 永恒的（常考）eg:pledge one’s eternal love.（发个永恒的誓言）纪念林肯的长明灯：eternal fire considerate 连吃都考虑到了——>考虑周到

considerable（能考虑的都考虑到了）量很大——>相当大的

degrade 降级（常考）degraded 品味低俗的，低级 degraded taste ensure 确保，确定；

assure 确信、确保 pulse 跳——>repulsive 厌恶的，恶心的＝nasty retch 干吐都吐不出来——>恶心——>wretch我干吐都吐不出来—>可怜，可爱，不幸 consolidate(固体solid)增强 position/power enhance 增强 valuable/attrach/reputation notion 观念，概念

notable n.著名 a.显著的 take notice of 注意 notify v.正式通知——>notification n.notorious（常考）a.臭名昭著 notoriously;very eg：you are notoriously beautiful.你十分漂亮。heave;hoist 举重物

conceive of;think 想出（与deprive of都是六级的最爱）propagate(paga;page)往前翻多一页——>breed 大量地繁殖 implicit（plic重叠）含蓄的；explicit 直接的

extravagance(vag 游荡；有多余的钱到外面游荡)＝luxury 奢侈 accommodate 调停，调解＝mediate＝reconcile significant 重要的<——>trivial去他的——> 不重要的（重要不重要，考点）manifestation 用现象来证明 specification 详细说明，产品说明书 justification 公正 anticipation 预测 retort;refuse 反驳，顶嘴

vulgar 粗俗的；流行的，盛行的＝prevail v.prevalent a.真题：热带地区流行（prevail）红眼病.degenerate 蜕化

deteriorate v.使……恶化

3．—ously spontaneously 自发地，天生地

simultaneously 同时地

homogeneously 单一地，同样地

instantaneously 立即，立刻地

substitute for代替

substitution 保险代理人

constitute v.组成 constitution 宪法 constitution amendment宪法修正案 institute n.学院学校

institution 机构

respectable 外表看起来受人尊重的 respectable和respected统一就是 respected 本身品质高尚的 consistent 一致的（考过2次）

respectful 尊重他人的，尊老爱幼

respective 各自的，分别的

理解，明白 诱惑

catch on induce 不好的

make sense of eg:eve and adam were induced to eat the

get at(始终没有成为答案)forbidden fruit.（亚当和夏娃）

lure诱饵——>诱惑 可好可不好 引起，引发 看

elicit 诱出，引起 gape 因为吃惊而盯着，比如看到猿猴 evoke 唤起，引起 gaze 对……什么感兴趣而紧盯，凝视 vex 使烦恼，恼怒 peep 偷窥 peeping tom 偷窥狂

arouse 唤起，引起 glimpse 瞥了一眼 love at first glimpse trigger引发，引起 scan 搜索，扫描 scanner 扫描仪

表示困惑，迷惑 客观、主观（永陪）

bewilder人在野外——>迷惑 subjective主观的，个人的 confused objective 客观的

puzzle empirical 主观的，凭经验的（陪考选项）arbitrary 专断的，凭主观的（陪考）表示估计：

estimate 对一般数值、价格的估计 表示粗俗

evaluate 评价，评估 coarse

1、粗糙；

2、言行举止粗鲁

assessment 评价资产、财产 vulgar 庸俗、冒犯 rough 表面粗糙的 鼓励，刺激

stimulate 渗透（常考）inspire penetrate 渗透

motivate permeate 渗透、扩散

diffuse 发散的，普及的，也指政权的移交和转移 吸收

absorb 吸收并成为一部分 永恒，永远（重点）enroll 招收一些成员 eternal suck 吸 sucking and refreshing permanent 永恒的，持久的

精神为之一振coca cola（但refresh perpetual（追，求）永久的 更多指吸毒快感）constant 不变的，持续的

精力充沛 复杂的

energetic（两者侧重于四肢发达，头脑简单）complex robust（乐百士）intricate 错综复杂的 vigorous 比较好 complicated

会议 弱

conference feeble 非常薄——>脆弱（常考）

convention 国际性会议 frail 脆弱，易受伤害＝vulnerable forum 论坛(以前在罗马供人讨论的圆桌)invalid(大病后)体弱，无效，过期的 summit 峰会（首脑级）weak 虚弱，体弱

开始 风景，景

initiate 在里面开始吃——>开始 landscape 陆地上最大的风景 embark at 开始 seascape 海景

embark on/upon 登船登飞机 scenery 风景，舞台上的布景 commence 开始 view 特定的地方，特定的风景

commencement 国外研究生的毕业典礼 scene 场面，情景，景色

表示大量：

an array（大批）of hordes（游牧民族）of swarms（一大群）of(未考过)massive（大块的）of

固定表达：

show me to the door.把……领到门口 show me the door.拒之门外 show one’s teeth.极端愤怒

love me, love my dog.爱屋及乌 a dog has two tails.欣喜若狂

every dog has his days.三十年河东，三十年河西。（风水轮流转）cut short 剪头发 cut my hair 剃光头 you are totally a mess.你是个大混蛋。reckon with 计算，认为

grease hand 给某人手上抹油——>行贿

1.增补(Addition)

in addition另外, furthermor e此外, again, also, besides, moreover此外 , similarly, finally最后

2.比较(Comparison)

in the same way, likewise同样地, similarly, equally, in comparison比较起来, just as同样地

3.对照(Contrast)

whereas然而, in contrast与此相反, on the other hand, instead同样, however然而, nevertheless然而, unlike, even though即使, on the contrary, while

4.因果(Cause and effect)

because, because of, for, since, due to, owing to, thanks to, as a result(of), accordingly, hence, so, thus

5.强调(Emphasis)

certainly, above all, indeed, of course, surely, actually, as a matter of fact, chiefly, especially, primarily, in particular, undoubtedly, absolutely, most imprtant

6.让步(Concession)

although, though, after all, in spite of, nevertheless, still, provided, while it is true....7.例证(Exemplification)

for example, for instance, that is, namely, such as, in other words, in this case, by way of illustration.8.总结(Conclusion)

to sum up, to conclude, in a word, in short, in brief, all in all, in all, to put it in a nutshell, in summary

9.推断(Inference)

therefore, as a result(of), consequently, accordingly, so, otherwise

10.时间和空间(Time and space)

afterward, after, first, later, then, soon, outside, near, beyound, above, below, on the right(left), in the middle, opposite, in front of

11.启承转合 1)、启

A proverb says......At present.......As the proverb says....Currently.....Generally speaking,....Now,....In general,.....On the Whole....It is clear that....Recently.....It is often said that....Without doubt,.......2)、承

First(of all),......Moreover,.........Firstly,............No one can deny that....In the first place,.........Obviously.....To begin with,.........Of course,.........Also,.......Similarly,.........At the same time......Therefore, we should realize that.....Certainly......There is no doubt that.......In addition,.....What`s more,..........In fact........It can be easily proved that...Meanwhile......3)、转

But...Still,......But the problem is not so simple...There is a certain amount of truth in this, but we still have a problem with regard to.......However，.......To our surprise,..........Nevertheless,........Unfortunately.......On the other hand,.......Yet difference will be found and that is why I feel that........Others may find this to be true, but I do not.I think.....4)、合