英语二自考词汇表

英语二自考词汇表（精选8篇）

英语二自考词汇表 篇1

自考英语词汇总结

1.常考单词：

goal，objective，accomplish，predict，accompany，implement，tendency，achievement，argue，budget，define，entity

2.常考词组：

in the way，in part，point of view，contribute to，to apply for，in hand，to turn down

3.常考句子：

1)A decision is a choice made from among alternative courses of action that are available.2)Often managers must make a best guess at what the future will be and try to leave as little as possible to chance.3)If there is no choice，there is no decision to be made.4)For managers every decision has constraints based on politics，procedures，laws，precedents and the like.5)For example，managers sometimes treat problems in an either/or fashion.6)Decision makers must have some way of determining which of several alternatives is best-that is，which contributes the most to the achievement of organizational goals.7)In the larger scheme of things，however，increased funding for research to improve the products might be more beneficial to the organization.8)Some of these objectives are more important than others，but the order and degree of importance often vary form person to person and from department to department.

1.常考单词：

demestic statistics diplomat exploit campaign execute convict despite deserving shelf minimum status deport

2.常考句子：

1)There are estimated to be more than 20，000 overseas domestic servants working in Britain.2)Of these 20，000，just under 2，000 are being exploited and abused by their employers.3)The sad condition of women working as domestics around the world received much media attention earlier this year in several highly publicized cases.4)A Filipino maid was executed in Singapore after being convicted of murder，despite protests form various quarters that her guilt had not been adequately established.5)She used to work for a very low wage at a tea factory in Sri Lanka.6)Because she found it difficult to feed her four children，she accepted a job working as a domestic in London.7)So if they do complain，they risk being deported.第五单元

1.常考单词：

Musi cian，rhythmic，distinct，consciousness，originate，readily，instrument，electronic，thereby，passive，participant

2.常考词组：

to take place to take over to take on in a sense at a stretch to serve as in advance for the sake of

3.常考句子：

1)The new music was built out of materials already in existence.2)Folk music，old and modern，was popular among college students.3)They freely took over elements form jazz，from American country music.4)With records at home，listeners imitated these lighting effects as best they could.

英语二自考词汇表 篇2

针对母语为汉语的二语学习者的心理词汇的实证研究仍然较少，已有的研究结论不一，而且对不同词类进行分析的实证研究也只有董晓宇（2007）一人进行过，这导致该方面的研究仍缺乏大量的实证数据。而且不同水平的二语学习者之间是否存在心理词汇的反应类型的差异，这种差异是否反映在不同的词类中，都还有待于进一步的研究。

一、研究设计

1．研究问题：

本研究旨在关注以下两个问题： (1) 不同水平的二语学习者的心理词汇性质究竟为语音、语义还是句法？（2）不同词类的心理词汇的反应类型是否存在差异？

2．受试者：

本研究的测试对象为北京服装学院的30名艺术类专业一年级的学生和30名英语专业四年级的学生，他们分别被视为初级和高级水平的学习者。

3．测试方法：

本研究采用自由联想测试，从《新视野大学英语预备2级》中选用15个高频刺激词，包括名词、动词和形容词3个词类，每种词类包括5个单词，受试者被要求对每个刺激词给出3个反应词。

4．数据的收集和分类：

本实验中受试的反应词被分为聚合型反应 (属同一词性，有明显语义关系) 、组合型反应 (有顺序或搭配上的关系) 、语音型反应和无关联反应4种。

二、研究结果及分析

研究结果表明，随着二语学习者的语言水平的提高，二语心理词汇的性质也在发展，其组织模式体现出由语义联系发展为句法联系的趋势。就初级水平学习者而言，语义的联系占有重要的地位，而就高级水平学习者而言，句法联系在二语心理词汇中占主导地位，即在此类学习者的心理词库中，词与词之间的关系主要是一种线性的修饰和搭配关系。这和Wolter在2001年的研究结果相一致，即就非常熟悉的词而言，非母语组产出的组合型反应较多，句法联系在二语心理词汇中起着更大的组织作用。此研究发现与董晓宇 (2007) 的研究有部分重合的地方，即语义联系确实在二语心理词汇的性质中占有重要地位，但句法联系发展为主导地位的这种趋势却是不同于以往的研究。另外，本研究否定了语音联系在二语心理词汇中的重要性，无论在初级还是高级水平学者中，语音联系的比例都最小，远低于其他类型的联系，这与张淑静 (2005) 、赵丽 (2007) 和谢迷 (2009) 的研究结果均有所不同。而且初级水平学习者的无关联反应类型比例远高于高级水平学习者，这说明初级水平学习者的心理词汇网络中各词之间即使建立了某种联系，但这种联系也不够紧密，网络还不是很清晰，因此在提取单词时，容易产生混淆，无法激活语义网络。

针对不同词类，初、高级水平学习者心理词汇并没有表现出太多显著的不同。初级水平学习者对这三种词类产生的聚合反应比例均高于组合反应，而高级水平学习者对这三种词类所产生的组合反应均高于聚合反应。但仔细分析，其中又存在着一些不同，主要在于：1) 高级水平学习者对名词产生的组合反应要显著低于对动词和形容词产生的组合反应；2) 无论是初级水平学习者还是高级水平学习者，他们对名词所产生的聚合反应比例都明显高于对动词和形容词产生的聚合反应；3) 初级水平学习者对名词产生的无关联反应比例要显著低于对动词和形容词产生的无关联反应比例。

不同词类的数据比较表明无论初级水平学习者还是高级水平学习者，他们对名词所给出的刺激反应明显和动词及形容词不同。相对于动词和形容词，两组受试者对名词产生的语义联系的反应要更多，而高级水平学习者对名词产生的线形、搭配的语法联系的反应要少于动词和形容词，初级水平学习者的名词心理词汇网络要比动词和形容词更丰富和易于提取。由此可以看出，名词的心理网络组织和词汇的提取在某种程度上异于动词和形容词。

三、对教学的启示

扩展激活模型 (spreading activation model) 认为每个单词就是心理词汇网络上的一个节点，这些节点通过各种语言和非语言信息途径及其它心理词汇相链接构成一个复杂的关系网络。本试验结果表明，不同水平学习者的心理词汇网络的激活具有不同的特点，对于不同水平的学习者，教师应分别采取不同的教学策略，帮助学习者完成心理词汇网络中某节点向周围节点扩散的过程。

初级水平学习者的二语心理词汇更倾向于语义上的联系，因此词汇教学应强调单词之间的语义联想。教师可在讲解生词时向学生输入与其对应的常用词，使学生发现其间的语义联系，或利用高频词与生词之间的同义、近义关系以及反义、上下义及语境义等来进行释义，以此激活或者唤醒学习者大脑中的心理词汇网络。高级水平学习者的二语心理词汇是以句法联系为组织模式的。词与词之间主要以线形、搭配的关系为主导。对此阶段的学习者来说，词汇教学应侧重于单词的搭配用法和习惯用法，词汇短语教学应予以重视。“词块教学”则是较适合的方式。词块由两个或两个以上单词组成，在语义或语法上构成一个不可分割的整体，包括合成词、短语动词、固定词组、预制语块。高级水平学习者逐渐表现出了母语者的某些特点，心理词汇中词以词块方式存放和处理，因此能较流利地产生一些句子。

不同的词类在初、高级水平学习者的心理词汇网络中的排列并没有表现出显著的不同，无论对于名词、动词还是形容词，语义联系在初级水平学习者的心理词汇网络中都占有主导地位，而句法联系则是高级水平学习者的心理词汇网络中的主要组织模式。尽管如此，在初、高级水平学习者的心理词汇网络中，名词的语义联系仍多于动词和形容词。充分利用语义网络中的各种语义关系，对二语的学习尤其是名词的学习具有重要的心理价值，让学生及时把握词与词之间的这种语义联系有利于二语教学实践。

英语二自考词汇表 篇3

关键词：思维导图；初中英语词汇；应用

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一、当前英语词汇教学与学习现状

在教学实践中我们发现，英语课本中的知识构架在现实的口语交流中所起作用并不大，对于语法和词组的学习较为机械和枯燥，教学方式也较为单调。这使得本来基础就差的部分学生的学习情况更是雪上加霜。英语词汇的教学停留在教学生会读，要求学生记忆，通过默写检查学生的掌握情况。正是这样简单的教学循环，使教师机械地授课，学生机械地学习，不仅没有好的教学效果，也使课堂学习较为枯燥，不利于发挥学生学习的积极性。为提高学习效率和积极性，各种高效的学习方法不断得以推广。在1960年，英国的杰出心理学家TonyBuzan等人提出思维导图这一学习方法。思维导图，实质上是指运用科学合理的分割知识框架的形式，来进一步的帮助班级中的学生进行理解并记忆英语词汇的一种方法。思维导图，我们也可以称为“记忆树”，在英语教学中已赢得了教师和学生的好评。

二、思维导图对促进英语词汇教学的作用

1.有助于提高学生学习的积极性

兴趣在学生的英语学习中起到了良好的调剂作用，有利于调动学生学习的积极性。教学中由被动式接受学习到主动式积极学习，会促进学生学习的热情，主动探寻学习的方法，体验到学习的快乐。学生处于成长的阶段，好奇心都比较强。英语词汇教学中的思维导图，作为一种新的方法，必将引起学生浓厚的兴趣，尤其是对记忆单词这样枯燥乏味、杂乱无章的学习来说，必定会促进学生积极投入。

2.有助于提高英语教学的效率

思维导图教学，可以充分利用探究性学习、发散性思维、应用性练习，将英语词汇教学过程填充得生动有趣，活跃课堂气氛，促进学生参与。通过思维导图展开教学，在节约时间、提高效率的同时，也可以充分开发学生的潜能。思维导图既可以帮助学生词汇语法的学习记忆，它在复习的过程中也充分发挥着积极的调动作用。它科学的运用着时间的记忆规律，总结出一套完善的学习模式，思维导图的特别之处在于，它可以分析存储组合记忆信息，用关键词或者是图像来构建一套灵活的知识结构，通过这些表征，激发和促进大脑潜能的开发。

三、思维导图在英语词汇教学中的应用

1.关联词汇集中学习

在英语词汇的教学中运用思维导图，教师的规划引导尤为重要。从备课环节到课堂讲授，再到应用使用，都需要教师把所学习的知识构建起来，将松散、零碎的知识统一的一个整体中，帮助学生将关联词汇集中学习。思维导图的绘制重点在于语义、词义的关系以及词汇树的构建。如在教学中学到“happy”一词，教师要有意识的将其副词happily、名词happiness等相关信息扩展开来，展示给学生，并详细告知各词的具体差异和具体的使用位置。讲到运动sport一词时候，相关联的run、jump、swim等词汇要串联出现，帮助学生更容易地学习掌握。

2.引导学生掌握方法

“授人鱼不如授人以渔。”教师的任务不仅在于传递知识，更重要的是教学生学会学习，掌握学习方法。在英语词汇教学中，更要引导学生掌握思维引导的方法来记忆、使用词汇，在提高效率的同时，也强化实际运用的能力。同时，也要注意因材施教，不要刻板硬套，针对不同的学生，采取不同的引导方式；针对不同的学习内容，采取不同的教学方法，使学生形成见一个就会联想到整体的条件反射。

3.总结反馈及时巩固

任何教学学习的互动过程不是一蹴而就的，往往需要多次往返、强化，甚至改进。在英语词汇教学上，在学生形成思维构架的学习方式的同时也要及时对学生学习进展情况进行分析总结，发现存在的问题，再次反馈给学生，引导其掌握正确的学习方式。因为思维导图学习方式发散思维比较灵活，所以学生绘制的思维导图会千差万别，内容参差不齐。所以，教师要避免提出过分整齐划一的要求，可将学生的思维导图以小组的形式进行讨论交流，通过自评和互评的方式进行评价，对差异进行梳理。

4.对于相似词汇学习的运用

汉字中有近义词，英文词汇中也存在大量的近似词，同时由于语言环境的差别，中学生对于英文近似词的学习除去记忆之外，在单词词汇语境的使用上存在更多的问题。这时思维导图的运用可以不负众望地解决这个问题。将教师教学中担心的问题和学生学习中经常出现的问题以形象生动的方式进行编码记忆，从而提高学习的效率、降低失误率。

四、思维导图在初中英语词汇教学中应用的建议

在将思维导图应用于词汇教学时，教师一定要将词汇之间基本的递进关系理顺，这样才能在学生的脑海里形成科学合理的记忆模块。教师在制作思维导图时，如果自己的思路整理不清，就会出现主题不突出的现象，表现在思维导图中就会形成“乱辐射”的问题，这无形中反而会增加学生的学习负担。要鼓励学生主动接触思维导图，并自己绘制自己的思维导图。如，教师在课堂上，可以选择一个单词“house”作为思维导图的中心词，由学生自行分类扩展。由于单词量有限，学生在自制思维导图的过程中，必然会出现一些思维不严谨、邏辑不清晰的问题，这时教师应多给予指导鼓励，帮助学生进行调整，在调整思维导图的过程中，锻炼学生的思维能力。将思维导图运用于课堂教学，需要进行大量的收集整理工作，教师可以充分发挥学生的学习自主性，让学生在课前完成自己的思维导图，在课堂上针对学生的初步成果，再进行相应的交流和讨论。这样做一方面可以将学生的课外学习与教师的课堂教学充分结合起来，另一方面也可以更好地利用有限地课堂教学时间完成教学任务。

思维导图在初中英语教学中的成效是显而易见的，教师在教学中应充分发挥其作用，引导学生积极学习、学会学习、快乐学习，使学生获得一种新的学习方法的同时，提高学生英语学习兴趣和学习效率，加强了学生学习的积极性和创新性，拓展了学生的学习思路，让英语词汇教学学习充满乐趣。

参考文献：

[1]张莉莉.思维导图在初中英语词汇教学中的运用[J].读与写（教育教学刊），2016，03：146+221.

自考英语二汉译英汇总 篇4

15、请提醒我九点前给她打个电话。Please reminds me that I must 2.I was sitting on the stairs descending into the basement.我坐在通往 call her up before nine.地下室的楼梯上。

16、物以稀为贵。rarer（更稀罕的）it is, the more it is worth.The 3.By the time my senior year arrived, I had saved a considerable 此句类似于： 你越能接受他们，也就越不会动不动发脾气。The amount of money.等念到大四时，我已经存了数目可观的一笔钱。better able you are to accept them, the less angery you’ll be.4.Sometimes it was discouraging because I was rejected again and 17.在现代社会中，受教育不应该被看成是一种特权。Education should again.由于接二连三地遭到拒绝，有时我感到沮丧。not be considered to be a privilege（特权）in a modern society.5.Running anxiously to the mailbox in anticipation of my test scores 18.高失业率并不是技术发展的结果，而是消极公共政策的后果。High became part of my daily routine.每天焦虑不安地冲向邮箱，盼望取得 unemployment is not the result of the pace（速度）of technological 考试成绩，这成了我生活的一部分。change but the consequence 结果）passive 被动的）public policy.（of（6.This experience was also very costly.这次经历的花费也不低。

19、好像她天生就是为了取得成功，甘心情愿地把自己牺牲在 7.I decline to accept the end of man.我拒绝接受人类末日的说法。成就名声当中。It seemed that she was born to succeed and was 8.I believe that man will not merely endure: he will prevail.我相信人 more than willing to sacrifice hereself in the name of achievement.类不仅能延续，而且能战胜一切而永存。20.这 增 主 是 于 育 职 重 的 变 致 This rise has been 一 长 要 由 教 和 业 点 转 所。9.From the lands stretch 3,000 miles behind me.在我身后连绵着3000 attributed（归因于）primarily（主要地）to the change in educational 英里的土地。and career 事业）emphases 重点）注：（（.emphasis 复数 emphases 10.They were determined to make that new world strong and free.他

英语二自考词汇表 篇5

（二）”试题（含答案英语二

第一部分 选择题（共50分）

I.Vocabulary and Structure(10 point, 1 point for each item)

从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑．

1.It offers us a fuller sense of being intensely alive from to moment.A.time B.moment C.period D.instant

2.It may be worth remembering that John Major didn’t himself go to Oxford, most of his ministers did.A.after B.since C.while D.if

3.The effects of rapid travel the body are far more disturbing than we realize.A.on B.in C.for D.to

4.Her powers of persuasion were no avail.A.for B.by C.with D.to

5.There is little likelihood that a panel of five wants to go through the of all shaking hands with you.A.process B.prospect C.precedent D.presence

6.It is the right to change employers which employment from slavery.A.distinguishes B.derives C.releases D.relieves

7.It is touching to see how a cat or dog itself to a family and wants to share in all its goings and comings.A.sacrifices B.opposes C.exposes D.attaches

8.A healthy self-esteem is a resource for coping when difficulties.A.rise B.raise C.arise D.arouse

9.The challenge is not one of expansion , the rapid growth in enrollment over the last 40 years has come to an end.A.As a result B.By all means C.In contrast D.On the contrary

10.Management often works hard to set up a situation work is done in series.A.that B.where C.which D.what

II.Cloze Test(10 points, 1 point for each item)

下列短文中有十个空格，每个空格有四个选项．根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑．

Maybe you know that the letter “V” stands for Victory in western countries.But do you know the 11 of the sign?

During World War II, Europe was occupied by the Germans.A lot of people 12 to Britain.Among them was one Belgian(比利时人)13 Victor Dalveli.He loved his country very much.And every day, he used shortwave radio to broadcast to the Belgian people, calling 14 them to resist the German occupies.On the last day of 1940, he asked his countrymen to write the 15 “V” wherever they could to show their determination to win the final victory.In a few days, it appeared everywhere., it spread to the other occupied countries in Europe.Because it was simple and 17 it soon became very popular.When friends met, they stretched out 18 middle and index fingers to greet each other.At that time, in certain restaurants, knives and forks were placed in such a way 19 form a “V”.And in some clock shops clocks were purposely stopped 20 11:05 to show the sign of “V”.11.A.meaning B.shape C.history D.definition

12.A.had escaped B.escaped C.have escaped D.escape 13.A.naming B.being named C.named D.to name 14.A.up B.out C.on D.off 15.A.letter B.alphabet C.expression D.word 16.A.Latter B.Later C.Late D.Lately

17.A.meaningful B.energetic C.magnificent D.interesting 18.A.his B.their C.one’s D.everybody’s 19.A.in order to B.so as to C.so to D.as to 20.A.on B.in C.by D.at

III.Reading Comprehension(30 points, 2 points for each item)

从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑．

Passage One

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.In reading the world’s great literature on human excellence and personal success, I’ve found that to launch ourselves into a life of true success we need to satisfy one basic condition: pursue our vision with stubborn(顽强的)consistency.The biggest difference between people who succeed and those who don’t is not usually talent but persistence.On my way to work one morning, I met Rudy Ruettiger, who is now a motivational speaker.He has grown up in Joliet, listening to stories about Notre Dame and dreaming of one day playing football there.Friends told him he wasn’t a good enough student to be admitted.So he gave up his dream and went to work in a power plant.Then a friend was killed in an accident at work.Shocked, Rudy suddenly realized that life is too short not to pursue your dreams.In 1972, at the age of 23, he enrolled at Holy Cross Junior College in South Bend, Ind.He got good enough grades to transfer to Notre Dame, where he finally made the football team as a member of the “scout team”, the players who help the team prepare for games.Rudy was living his dream, almost.But he wasn’t allowed to suit up for the games themselves.The next year, after Rudy requested it, the coach told Rudy he could put on his uniform for the season’s final game.And there he sat, on the Notre Dame bench during the game.A student started shouting, “We want Rudy!” Soon others joined in.Finally, at the age of 27, with 27 seconds left to play, Rudy Ruettiger was sent onto the field-and made the final tackle(阻截).So his team won the game.When I met Rudy 17 year later, it was in the parking lot outside Notre Dame stadium(体育场), where a camera crew was filming scenes for Rudy, a motion picture about his life.His story illustrates that there is no limit to where your dreams can take you.21.The writer believes that the key to achieving success is.A.developing one’s talent B.seizing opportunities C.having wide vision D.sticking to one’s goal

22.According to the passage, Rudy once gave up his dream of playing football for Notre Dame because.A.his friend was killed there B.his foot was injured in an accident C.he lacked confidence in himself D.he failed in the entrance examination

23.Rudy quit his job in the power plant because.A.his friend encouraged him to B.his outlook on life changed C.he was disappointed in his future D.he was shocked by his friend’s death 24.Rudy was transferred to Notre Dame.A.as a good student B.as a good player C.with the help of a coach D.with the help of a friend

25.A camera crew was making a movie about Rudy’s life because.A.Rudy was the oldest player at Notre Dame B.Rudy succeeded in realizing his dream C.Rudy was the best speaker at Notre Dame D.Rudy succeeded in developing his ability

Passage Two

Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.NASA, the U.S.space agency, believes there’s a good chance that we’re not alone in the universe.Last fall, NASA began a new project called the High Resolution Microwave Survey(HRMS).Its aim: to find evidence of life in one of the billions of galaxies in the universe.The search for intelligent life on other planets isn’t new.It began almost 100 years ago.That’s when scientists built a huge transmitter to send radio waves into space.Scientists thought smart beings on other planets might pick up the signals.Scientists also have sent a message about humans and our solar system to a nearby constellation(星座).But because the constellation is 25,000 light years away, a return message wouldn’t reach Earth for 50,000 years!So don’t wait up for an answer.So far, no extraterrestrial(地球外的)beings that we know of have returned our “calls.” But according to Dr.Jill Tarter, an HRMS scientist, we haven’t exactly had our ears wide open.“Now, however,” says Dr.Tarter, “we’ve built the tools we need to listen well.”

Last October, Dr.Tarter switched on the largest radio receiver in the world.It’s an enormous metal bowl stretching 1,000 feet across a valley in Puerto Rico.Meanwhile, another NASA scientist turned on a huge radio receiver in California’s Mojave Desert.NASA hopes these big dishes-and others around the world-will pick up radio signals from new world.Dr.Frank Drake has been searching for life in outer space for years.He explains the HRMS project this way: To listen to your radio, you move the tuner on the dial until the channels come in loud and clear: Now imagine radio receivers that scan our galaxy “listening” to 14 million channels every second.That’s what NASA’s radio receivers in Puerto Rico and California are doing.But that’s not all.Powerful computers hooked to the receivers examine every signal carefully.The computers try to match the signals to ones that scientists already recognize, such as human-made signals.If they can’t, Drake and Tarter check on them.“It could prove there is radio technology elsewhere in the universe,” says Dr.Tarter.“And that would mean we’re not alone.”

26、NASA scientists started a new project in order to _______.A、discover life in other galaxies B、send human beings into space C、find evidence of a new galaxy D、confirm the number of galaxies

27、According to Dr.Jill Tarter ,the reason why we haven’t received any return any return messages from outer space is that_______.A、our ears are not sharp enough to hear them B、our equipment hasn’t been good enough C、it takes millions of yuars for them to reach us D、it takes quite a long time to send them

28、Dr.Jill Tarter compares the large receiver to _______.A、the human ear B、the universe C、a metal bowl D、a huge dish

29、According to Dr.Frank Drake ,NASA’s radio receivers in Puerto Rico and California are _______.A、trying to check on every channel carefully B、moving the tuner on the dial for clear channels C、scanning the universe for possible signals D、picking up radio signals from new world 30、The best title of this passage is ________.A、Signals from the Space

B、The Invention of New Radio Receivers C、The Intelligent Life in Outer Space D、NASA Listens for Space Neighbors

Passage Three

Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.Even a careful motorist(开汽车的人)may commit a motoring offence(违法).In this case, he will appear in a police court.This is a court ruled by a judge without a jury(陪审团).A judge has powers to pass sentence for relatively minor offences only;serious charges are dealt with by a judge and a jury.In certain cases, a motoring offender may choose to go before a judge and a jury ,instead of appearing before just a judge.A court is also used for the conduct of preliminary investigations to dedermine whether or not a motoring offender shall appear for trial in a higher court.When his case comes up in court ,the motorist hears his name called by the clerk of the court, and comes forward to identify himself.The judge then calls for the policeman who charged the offender and asks him to give evidence.He is expected to ive an account of what happened when the offence was committed and to mention any special circumstances.For example the offence may have been partly due to the foolishness of another motorist.It would be unwise for the motoring offender to exaggerate this.It will not help his case to try to blame someone else for his own mistake.If you are guilty ,it is of course wise to admit it and say you’re sorry for committing the offence and taking up the court’s time.Judges are not heartless and a motorist may be lucky enough to hear one say：“You’ve got good reasons ,but you have broken the law and I’ll have to impose a fine.Pay five pounds.Next case.” Some short-tempered people forget that both policemen and judges have a public duty to perform,and aren rude to them.This does not pay!A judge will not let off an offender merely because he is respectful,but a polite law-breaker may certainly hope that the judge will extend him what tolerance the law permits.31、Even a careful motorist may be asked to go to a police court for______.A、an injury

B、a motoring offence C、refusing to pay a fine D、being rude to the policeman

32、The underlined word “one ”(paragraph 5)refers to _____.A、a jury member B、a police officer C、a motorist D、a judge

33、A motoring offender is usually charged by ______.A、a judge B、a jury C、a policeman D、another motorist

34、It is foolish for a motoring offender to _______.A、overstate another motorist’s mistake B、mention someone else’s foolishness C、argue that he is not guilty D、choose to go before a jury

35、If a man knows that he is guilty, he should ______.A、be polite to the policeman and the judge B、try his best to appear before just a judge C、save the court’s time and pay the fine D、admit the wrong and say sorry to the court

第二部分 非选择题（共50分）

Ⅳ.Word Spelling(10 points,1point for two items)36.乐意地，容易地ad.r_______ 37.日常工作，常规 n.r______ 38.多数，大半n.m_______ 39.永恒的，不断的a.c______ 40.偏袒的，部分的a.p_______ 41.漆工，画家n.p______ 42.跳跃，飞跃v.l______ 43.易管理的a.m_______ 44.缩短，减少 vi.S______ 45.软毛，毛皮n.f_______ 46.意图，打算 n.I_______ 47.情形，身份n.s________ 48.软管，地铁n.t________ 49.口头的，口的a.o_______ 50.牺牲品，受害者n.v_______ 51.鉴赏，感谢vt.a_______ 52.目标，球门n.g______ 53.装置，方法 n.d_______ 54.分配，委派vt.a______ 55.娱乐，消遣n.a______

Ⅴ.Word Form

56.Should doctors be allowed_________(take)the lives of others?

57.Two of _________(big)earthquakes that were ever recorded tood place in China and Alaska.58.Electronic amplifiers also made possible a fantastic in volume ,the music ______(become)as loud and penetrating as the human ear could stand.59.Every decision has constraints _______(base)on policies, procedures ,laws, precedents ,and the like.60.The more seriously this is sought ,________(likely)positive attitudes towards leisure as well academic work will be encouraged.61.Attempts to break up this old system _______(make)in every presidential election in the past one hundred years.62.These mine planets ,together with the sun ,make up what _______(call)our solar system.63.Nations are classified as “aged ” when they have 7% or more of their people aged 65 or above ,and by about 1970 every one of the advanced countries______(become)like this.64.-----------（watch）over by guards with guns, the convicts raised their legs in unison and made their way to the edge of the highway.65.Either of these factors could account for some individuals------------(be)able to do well using inefficient methods.Ⅵ将下列各句译成英语

66.我不知道他是否能够提供有力的证据。

67.他说的与事实完全相反。

68.如果他被迫去做他不乐意做的事，他不可能高兴。

69.处理这项事务的政府部门没有做统计。

70.短缺并未严重到你报道的那种程度。

Ⅶ将下列短文译成汉语

When someone has deeply hurt you, it can be extremely difficult to let go of your anger.But forgiveness is possible---and it can be surprisingly helpful to your physical and mental health.Indeed, research has shown that people who forgive report more energy, better appetite and better sleep patterns.So when someone has hurt you, calm yourself.Talk a couple of deep breaths and think of something that gives you pleasure: a beautiful scene in nature, someone you love.Don’t wait for an apology(道歉)。Keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean accepting the action of the person who upset you.Try to see thing from the other person’s perspective.You may realize that he or she was acting out of ignorance, fear—even love.You may want to write a letter to yourself from that person’s point of view.2004年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语

（二）试题答案和评分参考

？、vocabulary and structure(10 points for each item)

1、B

2、C

3、A

4、D

5、A

6、A

7、D

8、C

9、D

10、B ？、cloze test(10 points, 1 points for each item)

11、C

12、B

13、C

14、C

15、A

16、B

17、A

18、B

19、D 20、D ？、reading comprehension(30 points,2 points for each item)

21、D

22、C

23、B

24、A

25、B

26、A

27、B

28、A

29、C 30、D

31、B

32、D

33、C

34、A

35、D ？、word spelling(10 point, 1 point for two items)多写、少写或错写一个或一个以上的字母均为错。

36、readily

37、routine

38、majority

39、constant 40、partial

41、painter

42、leap

43、manageable

44、shorten

45、fur

46、intention

47、status

48、tube

49、oral 50、victim

51、appreciate

52、goal

53、device

54、assign

55、amusement

？、word form(10 points, 1 point for each item)语法错误或拼写错误均不给分。

56、to take

57、the biggest

58、becoming

59、based 60、the more likely 61、have been made 62、is called 63、had become 64、watched 65、being

？、translation from Chinese into English(15 points, 3 points for each item)本大题共5小题，每题3分，共15分。评分原则为：

（1）主要语法错误（如动词时态、语态、虚拟语气、主谓一致、否定、疑问以及其他句型错误）或影响基本句意的重要用词错误扣1分。

（2）非基本语法错误（如介词、代词、冠词、大写、标点等错误）以及不影响基本句意的用词错误每两处扣1分。

（3）拼写错误每两处扣1分。拼写错误本大题总扣分不超过3分。

（4）如所用句型与答案不一致，只要语言和意义正确，君应给分。

答案要点：

66、I wonder if he can provide positive proof.67、What he said was totally opposed to the facts.68、If he is compelled to do what he does not enjoy doing, he cannot be happy.69、The government department that deals with this does not keep statistics.70、The shortage do not exist to the extent that you report.？、Translation from English into Chinese(15 points)本大题共15分。评分原则为：

短文英译汉的评分标准按译文质量分为15-13分、12-10分、9-7分、6-4分和3-1分五个档次。各档次标准如下：

（1）15-13分。全文翻译正确或基本正确，汉语表达通顺。

（2）12-10分。全文主要内容翻译正确或基本正确，汉语表达通顺，但有少数语句翻译错误。

（3）9-7分。全文主要内容基本正确，汉语表达尚通顺，有一些语句翻译错误。

（4）6-4分。少部分内容翻译基本正确，有较多的语句翻译错误。

（5）3-1分。仅译对个别句子。

（6）全文译错或译出零星单词或全文未译，不给分。

（7）缺译的语句按完全译错处理。

根据以上评分档次描述，评分可在相应的档次内上下浮动。

答案要点： 你受到极大伤害后很难克制住怒火，不过宽恕对方还是有可能做到的，而且这样做对你的身心健康会带来意想不到的好处。的确，研究表明：怀有宽恕之心的人们往往体力更充沛、胃口及睡眠更好。

英语二自考词汇表 篇6

英语二作文，有人觉得无话可说，写不到100词；有人直接摘抄阅读的原文，胡写一通。针对菜鸟，我给出这样一份参考资料，希望有帮助。句式及题目资料来自群里或网络，我仅作句式的精简和延伸讲解。

议论文的结构很简单-------开头、阐明观点、论证观点、总结号召，四个部分，每个部分记住1--2个句式，事迹写几篇来熟悉下，考试拿到70%的分数问题不大。

一、开头

句式一：It is well-known to us that.......(众所周知）或者It is commonly believed that......（人们一般认为......）

省略位置加一个句子，比如：It is well-known to us that reading is very usefull.这两个句式可以用于14年5月、15年4月、16年4月，甚至可以用于除了15年10月份的每一个，但需要合理构思。

句式二：Recently the problem of......has been brought into focus.省略位置加名次、动名词或词组，比如：Recently the problem of fight against haze has been brought into focus.这个句式可以用于比较“麻烦”的话题，比如“雾霾”或者“肥胖”。

二、阐述观点

句式一：In my opinion ,.....或者I sincerely believe that.....(我认为)句式二：People’s views on.....vary from person to person.Some hold that......However ,others believe that......From my point of views,it is more reasonable to support the first opinion rather than the second.(人们对。。。的观点因人而异，有些认为。。。然而其他人却认为。。。，在我看来，支持第一种观点比第二种更有道理）

句式三：Some people hold that.....,but in my opinion ,.....（一些人认为。。。，但在我看来。。。）

句式四：It may be true that.....but it doesn’t mean that.....（可能。。。是对的，但这并不意味着。。。）

三、论证观点：

句式一：For one thing.....For another thing ,.....或者On the one hand ,......On the other hand.....（一方面。。。另一方面。。。）或者：first ,.....Second ,......（第一。。。第二。。。）

句式二：By the way ,......（顺便说一下。。。）

句式三：Finally,to speak frankly ,there is also a more practical reason why I think.....（最后，坦率地说，我之所以认为。。。还有另一个实际的原因）句式四：The reason why +句子（。。。的原因是。。。）

四、总结号召

句式一：No doubt ,we must take effective measures,and only in this way can we......（毫无疑问，我们必须采取有效措施，只有这样我们才能。。。）句式二：In short it can be said that.....（总而言之。。。）

句式三：From what has been mentioned above ,we can come to the conclusion that.....（从上面提到的，我们可以得出结论。。。）

句式四：The best way to solve the troubles is.....（解决这些麻烦的最好办法是。。。）Tisp :

1、标题直接抄题目，居中书写，单词首字母大写（冠词小写，如a/an/the；三个字母以下的介词或连词小写，如：to/in/on/at）。

2、开头和阐述观点为第一段，论证观点可以分为2-3段，总结号召为最后一段；每段段首留4个字符的空。

3、不会写的单词用词义接近的来代替，或者换个说法。

英语二自考词汇表 篇7

近年来, 江苏省高考说明中对学生需要掌握的英语词汇量有了更高的要求, 学生需要掌握约3500个英语单词、400-500个习惯用语或固定搭配;且根据最新消息, 2015年江苏省高考英语又新增50个英语词汇。

译林版《牛津高中英语》这本教材中的Word Power板块作为词汇学习的专题, 是本教材的一大特色和亮点。根据《牛津高中英语》 的使用说明, 该板块设计的目的是引导学生通过以下两种学习方法学习词汇:一是让学生学习与单元话题有关的分类词汇, 二是通过构词法学习单词。该板块设计了图表、对话或短文, 用以拓展学生对话与话题相关的词汇的认知和运用, 学生根据构词法的基本规则学习和掌握单词, 可以有效扩大词汇量。然而, 在我们的常态课教学过程当中, “Word Power”这个板块的利用效率并不很高。因此, 如何在基础教学中使学生掌握词汇学习法成为本次教学案例分析的重点研究问题。

二、研究内容

牛津高中英语 (模块二) 第3单元Word Power部分:Different Jobs

1.教材分析:本单元的学习内容主要是关于“Amazing People”这一主题展开听、说、读、写的各项训练。这一主题帮助学生了解在某些领域的几位杰出人物如特雷莎修女, 贝多芬和比尔.盖茨等取得的个人成就以及对世界产生的影响。本节课是词汇学习课, 学生将根据课本中的主题“different jobs”扩充词汇量并学会灵活运用这类词汇。

2.教学目标:通过讲授英语词汇构词法 (后缀的用法) 使学生能够了解如何在动词、名词、形容词的词尾加上后缀构成表示工作的名词, 并且能够运用这些词汇进行相关的单词练习。同时, 还要使学生能了解各种工作的性质以及所需要的品质。

3.教学重点:学生能熟练掌握三大类后缀构词法以及与工作有关的词汇。

4.教学难点:创设情境使学生能后反复练习并且学会运用目标词汇进行表达。

三、研究过程

教学过程:

Step 1: Leading-in;借助PPT呈现几张关于各种工作的人物图片 (policeman, doctor, singer, painter, photographer, teacher) , 提问学生几个关于职业的问题, 以此导入本课的主题, 使学生初步熟悉与本课相关的话题, 并激发学生的兴趣, 为接下来的构词法学习奠定基础。

Step 2: Vocabulary learning;首先, 开门见山地向学生介绍构词法 (word formation) 的定义和概念, 为学生进一步的学习消除部分障碍。其次, 通过一组词汇的变形来引出后缀这个概念 (suffix:a letter or letters added to the end of a word to form a new word) 。最后, 通过表格的形式讲解如何在动词、形容词、名词后面加上后缀构成与工作有关的名词词汇, 并对于其中的生僻词汇给与中文解释或引导学生猜测词义, 并自己归纳总结得出结论:-er, -or, -ant, -ent -ist are often added to verbs, -ist, -ian, -er are often added to nouns, -ist, -ian are often added to adjectives, 从而充分发挥学生的主体性。

Step 3: Consolidation ;在这个步骤中, 我主要以练习形式来巩固学生对新学词汇的掌握。如填词、搭配词语。要求学生完成书上对应的流程图练习, 根据工作的种类性质来对词汇进行分类, 使学生了解各类工作的不同属性和范畴。

Step 4: game Time;要求学生根据所给词汇, 自由组合成二人一组“你比划, 我猜词”。游戏规则为一学生只能通过动作或相关的英文表达来提示另一学生, 且每组仅有一分钟表演时间。此环节意在通过趣味性的游戏形式, 充分调动学生各项感官来有效地学习词汇, 加强他们对词汇的理解和记忆。

Step 5: Group work;通过问题形式来引起学生进一步思考自己未来的职业规划, 并引导学生进行原因的阐述, 并提供学生适当的范例。 (What kind of job would you like to have? Why?) 希望通过此环节学会小组合作的同时加强对已学词汇的有效运用。

Step 6: Homework;通过家庭作业进一步巩固并拓展学生的词汇量。

四、研究结论

通过本次教学案例研究分析, 笔者认为, 高一年级的英语老师, 应当更加注意平时的课堂教学, 在平时就注意讲授相关高考词汇, 使学生在潜移默化之间掌握词汇及用法。词汇教学作为高中英语的奠基石, 我们更应该重视此版块, 在实际课堂实践中探索如何有效地进行词汇的课堂教学。

摘要：如今的基础教育从小学甚至幼儿园就开始设置英语课程, 而构建英语大厦的基础, 就是词汇。万事万物皆有章法, 英语词汇的学习也讲求方法, 因此, 作为一名英语老师, 除了要帮助学生掌握基本词汇, 还要引导他们掌握构词法, 培养他们有效的词汇学习策略, 所谓“授之以鱼, 不如授之以渔”便是这个道理。本文将以实际教学案例为基础来探讨如何进行有效的词汇教学。

关键词：英语词汇,高中教学,构词法

参考文献

[1]安桂清, 徐晶.“教师如何做课例研究”之五:课例研究报告的撰写[J].人民教育, 2011 (2) .

[2]陈晴.牛津高中英语Word Power板块教学的课例研究.2012 (9) .

词汇短语园地（二） 篇8

vt. 使退休，令退职

My dream is to retire to a villa in France.

我的梦想是退休后在法国住上一栋别墅。

She was retired on medical grounds.

她由于健康原因被安排退休了。

1） retire from sth 从……退休

She was forced to retire early from teaching because of ill health.

她由于身体不好而被迫早早地从教学岗位上退休。

2） retire as sth 从……位子上退休

He has no plans to retire as editor of the magazine.

他还不打算从杂志编辑的位子上退休。

retirement n. 退休，退职；退休生活

retiree n. 退休人员，退休者

retired adj. 已退休的，已退职的

2. perform vi. 表现；工作，运转（好/不好）

vt. 做，履行，执行；演出，表演

Our team performed very well in yesterday’s games.

在昨天的运动会上我们队表现出色。

The engine seems to be performing well.

发动机似乎运转正常。

She performs an important role in our organization.

她在我们的组织中发挥着重要的作用。

The play was first performed in 1987.

这出剧于1987年首次演出。

3. advantage n. 优势，有利条件；长处

She had the advantage of a good education.

她具备受过良好教育的优势。

Is there any advantage of getting there early？

早到那里是否有利？

1） advantage over sb 比某人有利

Being tall gave him an advantage over the other players.

他个子高，比其他运动员有利。

2） take advantage of sth/sb 利用；占……的便宜

We took full advantage of the hotel facilities.

我们充分享用了宾馆设施。

He took advantage of my generosity.

他利用我的慷慨占了便宜。

3） to sb’s advantage 对某人有利

It would be to your advantage to attend this meeting.

参加这次会议会对你有利。

4） turn sth to advantage 使某物发挥作用

We must turn our knowledge to advantage.

我们必须使我们的知识发挥作用。

4. score vt. 得分；分值是，得……分；评分，打分数

vi. 得分；记分

n. 得分，比分

She scored 98 in the French test.

她法语考试考了98分。

Score three points on your list for our side.

在你的单子上为我们这边记上3分。

The tests are scored by psychologists.

测验由心理学家评分。

Fraser scored again in the second half.

弗雷泽在下半场时再次得分。

Who is going to score？

谁来记分呢？

Who made that last score？

谁最后得分了？

1） score off sb（尤指在辩论等活动中机灵地）驳倒，挫败

He was always trying to score off his teachers.

他总和老师抬杠。

2） score sth out/through 画掉；删去

His name had been scored out on the list.

他的名字已从名单上画掉了。

3） in scores 很多地，大批地

People poured in scores.

人们大量涌入。

4） keep （the） score 记分

I’ll keep （the） score for the football match.

我来为足球比赛记分。

5） on this/that score 就这个/那个来说，在这个/那个问题上

You don’t have to worry on that score.

你不必担心那件事。

5. quality n. 特性，特征；品德，品性，人品，素质；

质量，品质

One quality of wood is that it can burn.

木头的一个特性是能燃烧。

These are good personal qualities such as honesty and generosity.

这些是好的个人品质，比如诚实、慷慨。

When costs are cut， product quality suffers.

一降低成本，产品质量就会受到影响。

6. victory n. 胜利，成功

She is confident of victory in Saturday’s final.

她对在星期六的决赛中取得胜利充满信心。

We won a victory over/against the enemy.

我们战胜了敌人。

romp/sweep to victory 大获全胜；轻易取胜

They went on to romp to a 7-0 victory.

他们取得了7∶0的大胜。

He swept to victory in the final of the championship.

他在锦标赛的决赛中轻而易举地获胜。

victor n. 胜利者，获胜者

victorious adj. 胜利的，获胜的，战胜的

victoriously adv. 胜利地

7. declare vt. 宣布，公布，宣告；表明，宣称，断言

1） 跟名词

The government has declared a state of emergency.

政府已宣布进入紧急状态。

2） 跟从句

The court declared that strike action was illegal.

法庭宣判那次罢工行为不合法。

3） 跟复合结构

① 跟带名词的复合结构

The government has declared the area a national park.

政府已公布这个地区为国家公园。

② 跟带形容词的复合结构

I declare this bridge open.

我宣布这座桥正式启用。

③ 跟带分词的复合结构

At 3：30 pm the chairman declared Wang Li elected as the new chairman.

下午三点半主席宣布王立当选新任主席。

④ 跟带不定式to的复合结构

The expert declared this painting to be a forgery.

专家判定这幅画为赝品。

⑤ 跟带介词短语的复合结构

These boys declared themselves against cheating in the exam.

这些男孩声明他们自己反对考试作弊。

1） declare for sb/sth 声明支持，表示赞成

The people here have declared for peace.

这里的人们已经声明支持和平。

2） declare against sb/sth 声明反对，表示不赞成

He declared against the proposal.

他声明反对这一提议。

8. on the increase 正在增加

Homelessness is on the increase.

无家可归者越来越多。

Is the consumption of beer still on the increase？

啤酒的消耗量仍在增加吗？

1） on business 出差

2） on duty 值班

3） on end 连续地，不断地；竖着，直立着

4） on foot 步行

5） on the air 在广播，在放送

6） on the right/left 在右/左边

7） on the spot 当场；在现场；在原地

8） on the way to 去……的路上

9） on time 按时，准时

10） on weekends/at weekends 在周末

9. rise to one’s feet 某人站起身

Please rise to your feet when the visitor comes in.

来宾进来时请大家站起来。

When he finally decided to go out， he found he could not rise to his feet.

当他最终决定走出去时，他发现自己无法站立起来。

1） be back on one’s feet 恢复，完全康复

2） dead on one’s feet 累得/站得精疲力竭

3） drag one’s feet 拖拉；拖着脚走；行动缓慢

4） feet first 脚先着地，脚先入水（作状语）

5） find one’s feet 会走路，适应新环境

6） get a foot in the door 获得机会参加

7） get/have cold feet 临阵退缩，害怕起来

8） have one foot in the grave 行将就木；半截入土

9） keep one’s feet 站住脚跟