高一必修英语课文原文

2024-12-08

高一必修英语课文原文（精选5篇）

高一必修英语课文原文篇1

必修一 Unit1

15th

June, 1944

Dear Kitty，I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound.That’s changed since I was here.…For example, one evening when it was so warm, I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven in order to have a good look at the moon by my self.But as the moon gave far too much light, I didn’t dare open a window.Another time five months ago, I happened to be upstairs at dusk when the window was open.I didn’t go downstairs until the window bad to be shut.The dark, rainy evening, the wind, the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power;it was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face… …Sadly …I am only able to look at nature through dirty curtains hanging before very dusty windows.It’s no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced.Yours, Anne

第一单元友谊Reading

安妮最好的

朋友你是不是想有一位无话不谈能推心置腹的朋友呢？或者你是不是担心你的朋友会嘲笑你，会不理解你目前的困境呢？安妮·弗兰克想要的是第一种类型的朋友，于是她就把日记当成了她最好的朋友。安妮在第二次世界大战期间住在荷兰的阿姆斯特丹。她一家人都是犹太人，所以他们不得不躲藏起来，否则他们就会被德国纳粹抓去。她和她的家人躲藏了两年之后才被发现。在这段时间里，她唯一的忠实朋友就是她的日记了。她说，“我不愿像大多数人那样在日记中记流水账。我要把这本日记当作我的朋友，我要把我这个朋友称作基蒂”。安妮自从1942年7月起就躲藏在那儿了，现在，来看看她的心情吧。

亲爱的基蒂：我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。我记得非常清楚，以前，湛蓝的天空、鸟儿的歌唱、月光和鲜花，从未令我心迷神往过。自从我来到这里，这一切都变了。„„比方说，有天晚上天气很暖和，我熬到11点半故意不睡觉，为的是独自好好看看月亮。但是因为月光太亮了，我不敢打开窗户。还有一次，就在五个月以前的一个晚上，我碰巧在楼上，窗户是开着的。我一直等到非关窗不可的时候才下楼去。漆黑的夜晚，风吹雨打，雷电交加，我全然被这种力量镇住了。这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚„„„„令人伤心的是„„我只能透过脏兮兮的窗帘观看大自然，窗帘悬挂在沾满灰尘的窗前，但观看这些已经不再是乐趣，因为大自然是你必须亲身体验的。

Using Language Reading, listening and writing 亲爱的王小姐：我同班上的同学有件麻烦事。我跟我们班里的一位男同学一直相处很好，我们常常一起做家庭作业，而且很乐意相互帮助。我们成了非常好的朋友。可是，其他同学却开始在背后议论起来，他们说我和这位男同学在谈恋爱，这使我很生气。我不想中断这段友谊，但是我又讨厌人家背后说闲话。我该怎么办呢？

Reading and writing 尊敬的编辑：我是苏州高中的一名

学生。我有一个难题，我不太善于同人们交际。虽然我的确试着去跟班上的同学交谈，但是我还是发现很难跟他们成为好朋友。因此，有时候我感到十分孤独。我确实想改变这种现状，但是我却不知道该怎么办。如果您能给我提些建议，我会非常感激的。

Unit2

The Road to Modern English

At the end of the 16th century, about five to seven million people spoke English.Nearly all of them lived in England.Later in the next century, people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world, and because of that, English began to be spoken in many other countries.Today, more people speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever before.Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English.Look at this example: British Betty: Would you like to see my flat?

American Amy: Yes.I’d like to come up to you apartment.So why has English changed over time? Actually all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other.At fist the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken today.It was base more on German than the English we speak at present.Then gradually between about AD 500 and 1150, English became less like German because those who ruled England spoke first Danish and later French.These new settlers enriched the English language and especially its vocabulary.So by the 1600’s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before.In 1620 some British settlers moved to America.Later in the 18th century some British people were taken to Australia to.English began to be spoken in both countries.Finally by the 19th century the language was settled.At that time two big changes in English spelling happened: first Samuel Johnson wrote his dictionary and later Noah Webster wrote The American Dictionary of the English language.The latter gave a separate identity to American English spelling.English now is also spoken as a foreign or second language in South Asia.For example, India has a very large number of fluent English speakers because Britain ruled India from 1765 to 1947.During that time English became the language for government and education.English is also spoken in Singapore and Malaysia and countries in Africa such as South Africa.Today the number of people learning English in China is increasing rapidly.In fact, China may have the largest number of English learners.Will Chinese English develop its own identity? Only time will tell.通向现代英语的路在16世纪末，有5到7百万人说英语。他们大部分都住在英国。随后的一个世纪，英国人的航行征服世界的其他地区，因为这一点，英文开始展到许多其他国家今天，比以前更多的人以英语作为第一，第二语言。英语是母语的人可以明白不同地区的人说的英语例如：你想看看我的平房吗？是的，我希望去你的公寓。那么，为什么英语随着时间推移而改变呢？事实上每个语言都随着文化和交流的发展而改变。最初的英语口语公元450到1150年完全不同与今天的英语.最初的英语和德语很像随后大约在公元800和1150，英语变得不像德语那么流行了，因为英国统治者先学丹麦语，然后法语，最后才是英语这些新的定居人（丹麦人和法国人）带来了新的词汇和口语。因此，在1600年的莎士比亚（王朝名称）能够利用比以往任何时候更广泛的语言18世纪后，很多英国人被带去了澳大利亚.英语开始在这些国家中流行开来。问题补充：最后到19世纪，英语就固定住了那时，英语有两次大的拼写变化：第一次是塞缪尔·约翰逊写了字典，随后是诺亚韦·伯斯特为英语写了美国字典.后者单独划出了美国式拼写。现在英语也在南亚地区作为第一，第二语言来流行。例如：印度有大量的人说英语，比以往1765到1947年都多。这时英语也被作为官方和教学语言.英语还在新加坡，马来西亚和非洲例如南非等国家流行起来。今天，在中国说英语的人也迅速的增长起来。实际上，中国有最大适量的英语学习者。中国的英语会发展成中式英语吗？只有时间能说明一切。

高一英语课本必修一中的价值取向篇2

关键词：英语；教科书

中图分类号：G632 文献标识码：B 文章编号：1002-7661（2014）21-075-01

一、价值取向的概念分析

价值取向（value orientation）是价值哲学的重要范畴，它指的是一定主体基于自己的价值观在面对或处理各种矛盾、冲突、关系时所持的基本价值立场、价值态度以及所表现出来的基本价值取向。价值取向的突出作用是决定、支配主体的价值选择。价值取向的合理化是进步人类的信念。

二、在高中英语教学中渗透德育教育的必要性

首先，我们应该认识到在高中英语教学中渗透德育教育的必要性是众所周知的。高中生正处于长身体和增长知识的黄金时期，他们的德育观还有很大的可塑性。在学科课堂上贯彻德育教育是新课标学科教学中态度情感价值观的目标的总体要求，同时也有着其他德育方式不可比拟的优越性。

三、高中英语教科书价值取向的基本特点

任何一门课程的理论与实践都负载着某种特定的价值，在本质上，课程不是“价值中立”或“文化无涉”的纯粹知识活动。（梁红梅，赵长林，2009）。高中英语课程作为语言学习的重要工具，其思想性和教育性比较强。通过教科书的内容使学生获得什么，都有明显的价值取向。

1、广义的人道主义精神的展现

在广义的人道主义思想体系中，生命是其关注的中心，并构成价值的来源和价值的归宿（唐代兴 2004）。教科书借助了一些故事或人物形象的塑造来传递，如第一单元的“friendship”。

课文“Annes Best Friend”以德国法西斯残害犹太人这段历史为背景，讲述了一个叫安妮的犹太小女孩在躲避纳粹的过程中与日记“交朋友”故事。日记中体现了对美好的自由的向往，对感受自然的渴望。于是，读者在形象的、直观的、情绪化的、感悟的阅读里体会着小女孩的处境和乐观的心情，一点一滴地塑造着对人的尊严、价值、命运的维护、追求和关切。

贯穿第四单元课文“A Night the Earth didnt Sleep”的文化主线，也是悲天悯人的对生命极度珍视的情怀，因此在阅读的整个过程中，读者都不能够放下对灾难中人们的挂念与担心，尤其是在最后一段，读者还能够感觉到许多的暖意：

“All hope was not lost. The army sent 150000 soldiers to Tang Shan to rescue workers. Hundreds of thousands of people were helped...Slowly， the city began to breathe again.”

我们很容易看出课本的编写者想要通过故事要传递的价值观：人的生命是平等的，每一条生命应该被珍惜和尊重；不要放弃希望，即使灾难来临，也要乐观面对。

2、对具有超越性的生活意义的追求

我们这里指的是儒家所提倡的一种终极的价值、人生的境界、道德的觉悟和最高的智慧（姚新中，何丽艳 2008）。具有超越性的生活意义关于人自己的生存的问题，但是也没有一个确定的概念可以归纳，它可以是追求更真更善更美，可以是思考众生万物的奥秘，也可以是为了人类文明的进化。

第五单元在人物的选择上就呈现了追求超越性的生活意义的价值观。如在课文“Pre-reading”部分，为让学生对“伟人”有更深的理解，所有的实例都是为民族甚至是整个全世界做出巨大贡献的人，其中包括了为坚持自己对圣经的信念而牺牲的英国新教改革者威廉.汀代尔，国际主义战士白求恩，印度，非暴力不合作倡导者甘地，中国的民主卫士孙中山，他们无一不是为了全民族或全世界的人类而战斗着，向我们传递了超越性生活意义所在：活着不应该只是为了自己吃饱睡暖，还要怀有大爱和大智慧。

本单元课文“EliasStory”以一个名为Elias的视角，向我们介绍了为南非黑人获取平等权利而不惜一生斗争的曼德拉总统的事迹。他的精神不只是他能在入狱近二十载后出来帮助民众的精神，还在于他始终体味区域性人民疾苦，为人的生存权利以外的诸项权利努力的正义行为。

3、对理性和科学精神的追求

广义的科学精神则是指由科学性质所决定的、贯穿于科学探究活动之中的基本的精神状态和思维方式，它不限于自然科学领域。科学追求真理，认识自然和人赖以生存的物质世界，使人获得自由与幸福，这与强调人的价值、尊严、自由、幸福的人文精神是一致的。

单元“Earthquake”也明显表达了科学精神的倾向，它详细地介绍和描述了有关地震的科学知识，包括地震前的预兆和地震灾害自救的科学常识，从而让读者认识他们赖以生存的自然界。

克拉克洪-斯多特贝克（Kluckhohn & Strodtbeck， 1961）曾经概括出五种价值取向模式人性取向、人与自然的关系取向、时间取向、活动取向和关系取向。克拉克洪与斯多特贝克提出某一社会所青睐的解决这些问题的方法反映的就是这个社会的价值观。

1、人性取向--人性本善（Good），人性本恶（Evil）或善恶兼而有之（Mixed）；

2、人与自然的关系取向—征服（Mastery）、服从（Submissive）或和谐（Harmonious）；

3、时间取向--过去（Past），现在（Present）或将来（Future）；

4、人类活动取向—存在（being）、成为（being-in-becoming）或做（doing）；

5、关系取向—个体主义的（Individualistic）、附属的（Collateral）或等级的（Hierarchical）。

高一英语必修一课文和翻译篇3

Unit1

Anne’s Best Friend Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feelings and thoughts? Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you, or would not understand what you are going through? Anne Frank wanted the first kind, so she made her diary her best friend. Anne lived in Amsterdam in the Netherlands during World War Ⅱ. Her family was Jewish so nearly twenty-five months before they were discovered. During that time the only true friend was her diary. She said, ”I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do, but I want this diary itself to be my friend, and I shall call my friend Kitty.” Now read how she felt after being in the hiding place since July 1942. Thursday 15th June, 1944 Dear Kitty, I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound. That’s changed since I was here. …For example, one evening when it was so warm, I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven in order to have a good look at the moon by my self. But as the moon gave far too much light, I didn’t dare open a window. Another time five months ago, I happened to be upstairs at dusk when the window was open. I didn’t go downstairs until the window bad to be shut. The dark, rainy evening, the wind, the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power; it was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face… …Sadly …I am only able to look at nature through dirty curtains hanging before very dusty windows. It’s no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced. Yours, Anne

第一单元友谊Reading 安妮最好的

朋友你是不是想有一位无话不谈能推心置腹的朋友呢?或者你是不是担心你的朋友会嘲笑你，会不理解你目前的困境呢?安妮·弗兰克想要的是第一种类型的朋友，于是她就把

日记当成了她最好的朋友。安妮在第二次世界大战期间住在荷兰的阿姆斯特丹。她一家人都是犹太人，所以他们不得不躲藏起来，否则他们就会被德国纳粹抓去。她和她的家人躲藏了两年之后才被发现。在这段时间里，她唯一的忠实朋友就是她的日记了。她说，“我不愿像大多数人那样在日记中记流水账。我要把这本日记当作我的朋友，我要把我这个朋友称作基蒂”。安妮自从1942年7月起就躲藏在那儿了，现在，来看看她的

心情吧。亲爱的基蒂：我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。我记得非常清楚，以前，湛蓝的天空、鸟儿的歌唱、月光和鲜花，从未令我心迷神往过。自从我来到这里，这一切都变了。 ??比方说，有天晚上天气很暖和，我熬到11点半故意不睡觉，为的是独自好好看看月亮。但是因为月光太亮了，我不敢打开窗户。还有一次，就在五个月以前的一个晚上，我碰巧在楼上，窗户是开着的。我一直等到非关窗不可的时候才下楼去。漆黑的夜晚，风吹雨打，雷电交加，我全然被这种力量镇住了。这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚?? ??令人伤心的是??我只能透过脏兮兮的窗帘观看大自然，窗帘悬挂在沾满灰尘的窗前，但观看这些已经不再是乐趣，因为大自然是你必须亲身体验的。 Using Language Reading, listening and writing 亲爱的王小姐：我同班上的同学有件麻烦事。我跟我们班里的一位男同学一直相处很好，我们常常一起做家庭作业，而且很乐意相互帮助。我们成了非常好的朋友。可是，其他同学却开始在背后议论起来，他们说我和这位男同学在谈恋爱，这使我很生气。我不想中断这段友谊，但是我又讨厌人家背后说闲话。我该怎么办呢? Reading and writing 尊敬的编辑：我是苏州高中的一名

Unit2

the Road to Modern English At the end of the 16th century, about five to seven million people spoke English. Nearly all of them lived in England. Later in the next century, people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world, and because of that, English began to be spoken in many other countries. Today, more people speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever before. Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English. Look at this example: British Betty: Would you like to see my flat? American Amy: Yes. I’d like to come up to you apartment. So why has English changed over time? Actually all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other. At fist the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken today. It was base more on German than the English we speak at present. Then gradually between about AD 500 and 1150, English became less like German because those who ruled England spoke first Danish and later French. These new settlers enriched the English language and especially its vocabulary. So by the 1600’s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before. In 1620 some British settlers moved to America. Later in the 18th century some British people were taken to Australia to. English began to be spoken in both countries. Finally by the 19th century the language was settled. At that time two big changes in English spelling happened: first Samuel Johnson wrote his dictionary and later Noah Webster wrote The American Dictionary of the English language. The latter gave a separate identity to American English spelling. English now is also spoken as a foreign or second language in South Asia. For example, India has a very large number of fluent English speakers because Britain ruled India from 1765 to 1947. During that time English became the language for government and education. English is also spoken in Singapore and Malaysia and countries in Africa such as South Africa. Today the number of people learning English in China is increasing rapidly. In fact, China may have the largest number of English learners. Will Chinese English develop its own identity? Only time will tell.

第二单元世界上的

英语 Reading 通向现代英语之路 16世纪末期大约有5百万到7百万人说英语，几乎所有这些人都

生活在英国。后来，在17世纪英国人开始航海征服了世界其它地区。于是，许多别的国家开始说英语了。如今说英语的人比以往任何时候都多，他们有的是作为第一语言来说，有的是作为第二语言或外语。以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以互相交流。请看以下例子：英国人贝蒂：“请到我的公寓(flat)里来看看，好吗?” 美国人艾米：“好的。我很乐意到你的公寓(apartment)去。” 那么，英语在一段时间里为什么会起变化呢?事实上，当不同文化互相交流渗透时，所有的语言都会有所发展，有所变化。首先，在公元450年到1150年间，人们所说的英语跟今天所说的英语就很不一样。当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础的，而现代英语不是。然后，渐渐地，大约在公元8到1150年期间，英语不那么像德语了。因为那时的英国的统治者起初讲丹麦语后来讲法语。这些新的定居者大大丰富了英语语言，特别是在词汇方面。所以到17世纪，莎士比亚所用的词汇量比以前任何时期都大。在16，一些英国人搬迁到美洲定居。后来，到了19世纪，有些英国人也被送往澳大利亚，两个国家的人都开始说英语了。最后，到20世纪，英语才真正定形。那时，英语在拼写上发生了两大变化：首先，塞缪尔·约翰逊编写了词典，后来，诺厄·韦伯斯特编纂了《美国英语词典》，后者体现了美国英语拼写的不同特色。现在，英语在南亚也被当作外语或第二语言来说。比如说，印度拥有众多讲英语很流利的人，这是因为英国于1765年到1947年统治过印度。在那期间，英语成了官方语言和

教育用语。在新加坡、马来西亚和非洲其它国家，比如南非，人们也说英语。目前在

中国学习英语的人数正在迅速增长。事实上，中国可能拥有世界上最多的英语学习者。中国英语会发展出自己的特色吗?这只能由时间来回答了。 Using Language 标准英语和方言什么是标准英语?是在英国、美国、加拿大、澳大利亚、印度、新西兰所说的英语吗?信不信由你，(世界上)没有什么标准英语。许多人认为，电视和收音机里所说的就是标准英语，这是因为在早期的电台节目里，人们期望新闻播音员所说的英语是最好的英语。然而，在电视和收音机里，你也会听出人们在说话时的差异。当人们用不同于“标准语言”的词语时，那就叫做方言。美国英语有许多方言，特别是中西部和南部地区的方言，以及黑人和西班牙人的方言。在美国有些地区，即使是相邻城镇的两个人所说的语言都可能稍有不同。美国英语之所以有这么多的方言是因为美国人是来自世界各地的缘故。地理位置对方言的产生也有影响。住在美国东部山区的一些人说着比较古老的英语方言。当美国人从一个地方搬到另一个地方时，他们也就把他们的方言随着带去了。因此，美国东南部山区的人同美国西北部的人所说的方言就几乎相同。美国是一个使用多种方言的大国。虽然许多美国人经常搬迁，但是他们仍然能够辨别、理解彼此的方言。

Unit3

Journey Down the Mekong My name is Wang Kun. Ever since middle school, my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip. Two years ago she bought an expensive mountain bike and then she persuaded me to buy one. Last year, she visited our cousins, Dao Wei and Yu Hang at their college if Kunming. They are Dai and grew up in western Yunnan Province near the Lancang River, the Chinese part of the river that is called the Mekong River in other countries. Wang Wei soon got time interested in cycling too. After graduating from college, we finally got the chance to take a bike trip. I asked my sister, “Where are we going?” It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends. Now she is planning our schedule for the trip. I am fond of my sister but she has one serious shortcoming. She can be really stubborn. Although she didn’t know the best way of getting to places, she insisted that she organize the trip properly. Now I know that the proper way is always her way. I kept asking her, “When are we leaving and when are we coming back?” I asked her whether she had looked at a map yet. Of course she hadn’t; my sister doesn’t care about details. So I told her that the source of the Mekong is in Qinghai Province. She gave me a determined look -- the kind that said she would not change her mind. When I told her that our journey would begin at an altitude of more than 5,000 meters, she seemed to be excited about it. When I told her the air would be hard to breathe and it would be very cold, she said it would be an interesting experience. I know my sister well. Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it. Finally, I had to give in. Several months before our trip, Wang Wei and I went to the library. We found a large atlas with good maps that showed details of world geography. From the atlas we could see that the Mekong River begins in a glacier to move quickly. It becomes rapids as it passes through deep valleys, traveling across western Yunnan Province. Sometimes the river becomes a water fall and enters wide valleys. We were both surprised to learn that half of the river is in China. After it leaves China and high altitude, the Mekong becomes wide, brown and warm. As it enters Southeast Asia, its pace slows. It makes wide bends or meanders through low valleys to the plains where rice grows. At last, the river delta enters the South China Sea.

第三单元

游记Reading 沿湄公河而下的旅程第一部分梦想与计划我的名字叫王坤。从高中起，我姐姐王薇和我就一直梦想作一次伟大的自行车

旅行。两年前，她买了一辆昂贵的山地自行车，然后还说服我买了一辆(山地车)。去年她去看望了我们的表兄弟——在昆明读大学的刀卫和宇航。他们是傣族人，在云南省西部靠近澜沧江的地方长大，湄公河在中国境内的这一段叫澜沧江，在其他国家(境内)叫湄公河。很快，王薇使表兄弟也对骑车

旅游产生了兴趣。大学毕业以后，我们终于有了机会骑自行车旅行。我问我姐姐：“我们要去哪儿?”首先想到要沿湄公河从源头到终点骑车旅游的是我的姐姐。现在她正在为我们的旅行制定计划。我很喜欢我姐姐，但是她有一个很严重的缺点。她有时确实很固执。尽管她对去某些地方的最佳路线并不清楚，她却坚持要自己把这次旅游安排得尽善尽美。于是，我就知道这个尽善尽美的方式总是她的方式。我不停地问她，“我们什么时候出发?什么时候回来?”我还问她是否看过地图。当然她并没有看过——我的姐姐是不会考虑细节的。于是，我告诉她，湄公河的源头在青海省。她给了我一个坚定的眼神——这种眼神表明她是不会改变主意的。我说，我们的旅行将从5, 000多米的高地出发，这时她似乎显得很兴奋。当我告诉她那里空气稀薄，呼吸困难，而且天气很冷时，她却说这将是一次有趣的经历。我非常了解我的姐姐，她一旦下了决心，什么也不能使她改变。最后，我只好让步了。在我们旅行前的几个月，王薇和我去了图书馆。我们找到一本大型地图册，里面有一些世界地理的明细图。我们从图上可以看到，湄公河发源于西藏一座山上的冰川。起初，江面很小，河水清澈而冷冽，然后它开始快速流动。它穿过深谷时就变成了急流，流经云南西部。有时，这条江形成瀑布，进入宽阔的峡谷。我们俩惊奇地发现这条河有一半是在中国境内。当流出中国，流出高地之后，湄公河就变宽了，变暖了，河水也变成了黄褐色。而当它进入东南亚以后，流速减缓，河水蜿蜒缓慢地穿过低谷，流向生长稻谷的平原。最后，湄公河三角洲的各支流流入中国南海。 Using Language 夜晚的西藏山景第二部分山中一宿虽然是秋天，但是西藏已经开始下雪了。我们的腿又沉又冷，感觉就像大冰块。你看到过雪人骑自行车吗?我们看上去就像那样。一路上，一些身着羊毛大衣的

孩子们停下来看着我们。下午晚些时候，我们发现由于天冷我们的水壶都冻上了。然而，湖水在落日的余晖下闪亮如镜，景色迷人。像往常一样，王薇在我的前面，她很可靠，我知道我用不着给她鼓劲儿。上山很艰难，但是当我们环顾四周，(眼前的)景色让我们感到惊奇，我们似乎能看到几百里以外的地方。在某个时刻，我们发现自己置身高处，彷佛骑车穿越云层。然后我们开始下山，这非常有趣，特别是天气逐渐变得暖和多了。在山谷里，五彩斑斓的蝴蝶翩翩飞舞在我们身旁，我们还看到牦牛和羊群在吃草。这时，我们不得不把帽子、外衣、手套和长裤脱掉，换成T恤衫和短裤。一到傍晚，我们通常就停下来宿营，(于是)，我们先把帐篷支起来，然后吃饭。晚饭后，王薇把头放在枕头上就睡觉了，而我却醒着。半夜里，天空变得清朗了，星星更亮了。(夜晚)非常安静——几乎没有风，只有篝火的火焰和我们做伴。当我躺在星空下，我想着我们已经走了多远。我们很快就要到达云南的大理。在那里，我们的表兄弟刀卫和宇航将加入我们的行列。我们迫不及待地想要见到他们!

Unit4

A Night the Earth didn’t Sleep Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeast Hebei. For three days the water in the village wells rose and fell, rose and fell. Farmers noticed that the well walls had deep cracks in them. A smelly gas came out of the cracks. In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat. Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide. Fish jumped out of their bowls and ponds. At about 3:00 am on July 28, 1976, some people saw bright lights in the sky. The sound of planes could be heard outside the city of Tangshan even when no planes were in the sky. In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst. But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual the night. At 3:42 am everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world was at an end! Eleven kilometers directly below the city the greatest earthquake of the 20th century had begun. It was felt in Beijing, which is more than two hundred kilometers away. One-third of the nation felt it. A huge crack that was eight kilometers long and thirty meters wide cut across houses, roads and canals. Steam burst from holes in the ground. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins. The suffering of the people was extreme. Two-thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake. Thousands of families were killed of injured reached more than 400,000. But how could the survivors believe it was natural? Everywhere they looked nearly every thing was destroyed. All of the city’s hospitals, 75% of its factories and buildings and 90% of its homes were gone. Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves. No wind, however, could blow them away. Two dams fell and most of the bridges also fell or were not safe for traveling. The railway tracks were now useless pieces of steel. Tens of thousands of cows would never give milk again. Half a million pigs and millions of chickens were dead. Sand now filled the wells instead of water. People were shocked. Then, later that afternoon, another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan. Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins. More buildings fell down. Water, food, and electricity were hard to get. People began to wonder how long the disaster would last. All hope was not lost. Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers of thousands of people were helped. The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. To the north of the city, most of the 10,000 miners were rescued from the coal mines there. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. Fresh water was taken to the city by train, truck and plane. Slowly, the city began to breathe again.

第四单元

地震 Reading 地球的一个不眠之夜河北省东北部的农村不断有些怪事发生：三天来，村子里的井水升升降降，起起伏伏。农夫注意到，水井的井壁上有深深的裂缝，裂缝里冒出臭气。农家大院里的鸡,甚至猪都紧张得不想吃食。老鼠从田地里跑出来找地方藏身。鱼缸和池塘里的鱼会往外跳。在1976年7月28日凌晨3点左右，有些人看到天上一道道明亮的光。即使天空没有飞机，在唐山城外也可以听到飞机声。在市内，有些建筑物里的水管爆裂开来。但是，唐山市的一百万居民几乎都没有把这些情况当一回事，当天晚上照常睡着了。在凌晨3点42分，一切都开始摇晃起来。世界似乎到了末日!二十世纪最大的一次地震就在唐山市正下方11公里处发生了。100公里以外的

北京市都感到了地震，全国1 / 3的地方都有震感。一条8公里长30米宽的巨大裂缝横穿房舍、马路和渠道。地上一些洞穴冒出了蒸气。石头山变成了泥沙河，在可怕的15秒钟内，一座大城市就沉沦在一片废墟之中。人们遭受的灾难极为深重。2/3的人在地震中死去或受伤。成千上万个家庭遇难，许多孩子变成了孤儿。死伤的人数达到40多万。幸存的人们又怎么能相信这是自然现象呢?人们无论朝哪里看，哪里的一切都几乎被毁了。所有的市内医院、75%的工厂和建筑物、90%的家园都消失了。残砖就像秋天的红叶覆盖着大地，然而它们是不可能被风刮走的。两座大坝垮了，多数桥梁不是塌了就是无法安全通行了。铁轨如今成了一条条废钢。好几万头牛再也挤不出奶来。50万头猪和几百万只鸡全都死了。井里满是沙子，而不是水。人们惊呆了。接着，在下午晚些时候，又一次和第一次一样的强烈的地震震撼着唐山。有些医生和救援人员被困在废墟下面。更多的房屋倒塌了。水、电和食物都很难弄到。人们开始纳闷，这场灾难还会持续多久。不是所有的希望都破灭了。地震后不久，部队派了15万名战士到唐山来协助救援人员，数十万的人得到了救助。部队人员组成小分队，将受困的人们挖出来，将死者掩埋。在唐山市的北边，有一个万名矿工的煤矿，其中多数人得救了。援救人员为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了避难所，用火车、卡车和飞机向市内运来了水。慢慢地、慢慢地，这座城市又开始出现了生机。 Reading and speaking 唐山市政府办公室亲爱的______________：恭喜你!我们很高兴地告诉你，你在以新唐山为主题的中学演讲比赛中获得第一名。评委会的五位评委听了你的演讲，他们都认为你的演讲是今年最好的。你的父母亲和你的学校会为你而骄傲! 下个月我们市将开放一个新公园，以纪念在那次可怕的灾难中死去的人们，并向那些曾经为幸存者提供过帮助的人们致敬。我们办公室想请你在7月28日上午11点给来公园的参观者进行演讲。你知道，三十年前的这一天正是唐山发生地震的

日子。在这个特殊的日子里，我们邀请你把家人和朋友一起带来。诚挚的张沙

Unit5

Elias’ Story My name is Elias. I am a poor black worker in South Africa. The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life. I was twelve years old. It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for advice. He offered guidance to poor black people on their legal problems. He was generous with his time, for which I was grateful. I needed his help because I had very little education. I began school at six. The school where I studied for only two years was three kilometers away. I had to leave because my family could not continue to pay the school fees and the bus fare. I could not read or write well. After trying hard, I got a job in a gold mine. However, this was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg. Sadly I did not have it because I was not born there, and I worried about whether I would become out of work. The day when Nelson Mandela helped me was one of my happiest. He told me how to get the correct papers so I could stay in Johannesburg. I became more hopeful about my future. I never forgot how kind Mandela was. When he organized the ANC Youth League, I joined it as soon as I could. He said: “The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping out rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.” It was the truth. Black people could not vote or choose their leaders. They could not get the jobs they wanted. The parts of town in which they had to live were decided by white people. The places outside the towns where they were sent to live were the poorest parts of South Africa. No one could grow food there. In fact as Nelson Mandela said: “…we were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important or fight the government. We chose to attack the laws. We first broke the law in a way which was peaceful; when this was not allowed…only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.” As a matter of fact, I do not like violence… but in 1963 I helped him blow up some government buildings. It was very dangerous because if I was caught I could be put in prison. But I was happy to help because I knew it would help us achieve our dream of making black and white people equal.

第五单元纳尔逊·曼德拉 —— 一位当代英雄 Reading 伊莱亚斯的

故事我的名字叫伊莱亚斯。我是南非的一个穷苦的黑人工人。第一次见到纳尔逊·曼德拉的时候，是我一生中非常艰难的时期。(当时)我才12岁，那是在1952年，曼德拉是我寻求帮助的一位黑人律师。他为那些穷苦黑人提供法律指导。他十分慷慨地给予我时间，我为此非常感激。由于我所受的教育很少，所以我需要他的帮助。我六岁开始上学，我仅仅在那里读了两年的学校有三公里远。我不得不辍学，因为我的家庭无法继续支付学费和交通费。我既不太会读，也不怎么会写。几经周折，我才在一家金矿找到一份

工作。然而在那个时候，你要想住在约翰内斯堡就非得要有身份证不可。糟糕的是我没有这个证件，因为我不是在那里出生的，我很担心我是不是会失业。纳尔逊·曼德拉给予我帮助的那一天是我一生中最高兴的日子。他告诉我要想在约翰内斯堡立住脚，应当如何获取所需证件。我对自己的未来又充满了希望。我永远也忘记不了他对我的恩情，当他组织了非国大青年联盟时，我马上就参加了这个组织。他说：“过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。” 他说的是真话。当时黑人没有选举权，他们无权选择他们的领导人。他们不能做自己想要做的工作。他们所能住的城区都是由白人决定的。他们被打发去住的城外地区是南非最贫穷的地区。在那儿，没有人能够种庄稼。事实上，就像拉尔逊·曼德拉所说的： “??我们被置于这样一个境地：要么我们被迫接受低人一等的现实，要么跟政府作斗争。我们选择向法律进攻。首先我们用和平的方式来破坏法律，而当这种方式也得不到允许时，??只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。” 事实上，我并不喜欢暴力，??但是在1963年的时候，我帮助他炸毁了一些政府大楼。那是很危险的事情，因为如果我被抓住了，可能就会被关进监狱。但是，我乐于帮忙，因为我知道，这是为了实现我们的黑人和白人平等的梦想。

高一学生英语零基础应该怎么学

1、预习和复习。对于高一学生来说，不管学习任何一门科目，预习和复习都是必须的。预习可以让你了解到明天英语课堂要讲什么知识，提高英语课堂听课效率。课后复习可以让你对英语课堂上讲解的重点知识加以巩固，加深自己的所学知识的记忆。

2、课堂笔记。对于高一学生来说，英语老师在课堂上讲的每一个知识点都是重点，所以要认真的记录课堂笔记。这样一来可以加深记忆，二来可以作为以后复习的资料，当然课堂笔记的记录内容，可以根据自身情况来定。

3、词汇积累。高一学生想要学好英语，首先需要掌握足够多的词汇量，只有认识了才能理解，理解好了才能应用。所以在积累词汇的同时还要注意词汇的用法，这是高一学生需要注意的，因为即使是同一个单词，在特定的环境和语句中都可能会有不同的意思。

4、听说读写。听说读写是学习英语的基本要求，自然也是高一学生学习英语的重点。任何一门语言，听的方面都是非常重要的，听力是高考英语试卷中的重要题型，但是听的作用不仅仅是完成听力题这么简单。在以后的生活中，想要和别人交流，就要先听懂别人的话。

中国人学英语最大的问题，就是哑巴英语的现象非常严重，会写会看不会读。很多高一学生认为，自己将来不会从事英语专业，所以就不重视这方面，这完全是一种错误的观念。所以每天早上起来在家大声的读几句英语吧，只要坚持就是进步。

读是高中英语的一个重要部分。阅读一直考察的是高中学生综合能力，高一学生想要提高阅读能力不是仅靠刷题就可以的。根据自身的情况每天做几道阅读题，做完后认真对照答案，仔细思考解题思路。

高中生怎么学习英语

首先，你必须要买一本词汇书，我说的就是那种小本本，一般上面会有三四千个词汇，都是高考的时候必考的那种。不要在手机上记单词，或者是借助任何的移动设备，因为你根本无法集中注意力。你可以选择利用几天直接记掉半本，我当初就是利用端午节的三天记了半本词汇书，效果惊人。如果你记了单词，一定要每天看一看，别想着偷懒，可以利用上课的时间来记，是的，你没有听错。我的意思就是让你不听老师讲课直接记单词。下面我会讲明原因。

2 我英语高考成绩139，所以还算是有发言权。如果你初中或者高一没有认真上过英语课，那么高二高三就别听课了，疯狂的记单词。你应该可以看看你的英语试卷，上面分为三个板块，一个是听力，一个是阅读，最后是你要动笔写的内容【因为除了最后的板块基本都是选择题，可以说不用动笔的】而前两个板块和你的语法知识半毛钱关系没有。别跟我说完型填空，里面真真正正考到短语和语法的只有两三个空。一般只要看得懂，做题是很轻松的。你可能觉得后面的短文填空很难，我这么和你说吧，等你上了高三就会有一种感觉，试卷不管怎么出，有几个考点是一定会出现的，比如说单复数，时态的变化，被动语态等等。因为我们是应试教育，所以出题人的范围是被卡死了的。也不用担心作文，只要在作文里使用三个高级的句型，书写好看，词数达标，你的作文分数不会下20分。高考阅卷就是这样，很残酷的标准。自从上了高二，我再也没听过英语老师的课，只是在记单词，事实证明，这是非常有效的。具体方法就是把小本本打开，挡住汉字部分，直接解释意思，不知道的就划一根横线，翻了一遍以后再翻第二遍，这一遍只需要看你划过线的单词，而这一遍的单词肯定比上一遍少了。还是记不住的单词就划第二根线，就这么一直划。我在高考临近的那段时间，书都划透了。。。

3作为一个中国人，你知道我们平常说话时的语法有多复杂吗?但是我们根本没有学习过语法的知识。学外语同样如此，语法是人为规定的解释语言现象的一种手段，但他并不是一种语言的根本所在。我要特别说明一下，如果你开始疯狂的记单词，那么就要认真，要经常的复习。上课的时间用上，下课再抽几分钟。我敢保证你的英语在高三的时候会学的非常轻松，不会占用你太多的时间去复习，可以将更多的精力投入其他的科目中。

我说语法不重要，不代表短语不重要，高频短语必须记住。