英文合同解读--(八)英语合同的常用句型

2024-07-23

英文合同解读--(八)英语合同的常用句型（通用4篇）

英文合同解读--(八)英语合同的常用句型篇1

有限责任公司，股份有限公司，外商投资公司王辉

2009-08-17 分类作者

发文日期

正文内容:

一、引导条件从句的句型

in the event that(短语为in the event of), in case(短语为in case of), providing(that), provided(that), on the conditions that, if(if and whenever), where, in so far as(insofar as), should, suppose/supposing（that）

在英文合同中，以上这些词常用来引导条件从句表示“如果、假如”等情形，基础英语中常用的“as long as”在英文合同中非常鲜见。

例一：In the event that the Contract Price or any other terms of the Contract changes after the issuance of the Letter of Credit(or Letter of Guarantee)the Owner shall arrange for such Letter to be amended accordingly as soon as possible after any such changes.如果在信用证（或保函）开出后，合同总价或合同其他条款发生变化，业主应尽快安排对信用证（或保函）进行相应的修改。

例二：In case part of or all know?how of the above?mentioned technical contents have been published by Party B or Third Parties A obtains evidence of such publication, then Party A shall no longer be responsible for keeping secret and confidential the part already published.如上述专有技术的一部分或全部已由第三方公布，而甲方也掌握了已公布的证据，则甲方不再承担保密义务。

例三：15% of the above contract price, e.g.US $ 21, 000.00 shall be paid by Party A to Party B by M/T within 30 days after Party A has received from Party B the following technical documentations and documents and providing that they are in conformity with the contract:甲方从乙方处收到以下技术资料和文件后30天内应信汇乙方上述合同总价的15%，也就是21000美元，但该技术资料和文件应符合本合同要求。

例四：Either party may at anytime replace the chairman, deputy chairman or director(s)it has appointed, provided that it gives written notice to the Joint Venture Company and the other party.任何一方可随时更换自己委派的董事长、副董事长或董事，但必须书面通知合资公司和合资的另一方。

需要注意的是，provided that通常语气上有转折的含义，不宜翻译为“假如，如果”；译为“但是”，则译文过渡自然，符合汉语表达的规范。

例五：Should the seller make delivery on time as stipulated in the Contract with the exception of Force Majeure specified in Clause18 to this contract, the Buyer shall agree to postpone the delivery on condition that the Seller agree to pay a penalty which shall be deducted by the paying bank from the payment under negotiation.如果卖方并非因本合同第18条规定的不可抗力事件而未按合同规定的期限交货，那么，只要卖方同意支付罚金，并由付款行从议付款中扣除，买方便同意卖方延期交货。

句中出现两处条件从句，should引导的从句属于非真实条件句，即虚拟语气，表示该条件发生的可能性很小，也就是说是当事人不希望出现的不利情况。而on condition that引导的条件从句，往往表示只要某情况出现，就如何如何。

例六：Notwithstanding the completion of the sale and purchase of theordinary shares in the Company, the terms and conditions of this agreement shall remain in full force and effect as between the parties hereto in so far as the same are not fulfilled.即使买卖公司股普通股已经结束，只要该行为尚未履行完毕，本协议条款对双方仍然完全有效。

例七：In all cases where Licensee desires artwork involving articles which are the subject of this license to be executed, the cost of such artwork and the time for the production thereof shall be borne by Licensee.如果被许可方需要的工艺品涉及本许可将履行的标的，则该工艺品的费用和生产该工艺品的时耗应由被许可方承担。

例八：As an example, suppose that Stamps.com has a partnership agreement with a company called “Internet Marketing”.In this example, “Partner Name” would be “Internet Marketing”.试举一例，如果Stamp.com公司与一家名叫Internet Marketing的公司有一合伙协议。本例中，该“合伙名称”就是“Internet Maketing”。

If and whenever the attorney at law designated by Party B comes to work with Party A, Party A shall offer all sufficient and necessary facilities, arrange the said legal counsel with an office, appoint a company officer to assist legal counsel with his function, provide relevant information and write and print legal draft for such legal counsel.乙方律师到甲方工作时，甲方应充分给予安排，安排法律顾问办公场所，选派干部协助律师工作，提供有关情况，缮写、打印稿件等。

相关链接：in no case, in no event, in the case of，in any case等

in no case和in no event表示“决不”即无论怎样都不行。

例如：Vessel over 20 years of age shall in no event be acceptable to the Buyer.船龄超过20年的，买方概不接受。

In the case of 就什么来说，关于，in any case 无论如何

例如：In the case of dangerous and/or poisonous cargo(es), the Seller is obliged to take care to ensure that the nature and the generally adopted symbol shall be marked conspicuously on each package.关于危险或有毒货物，卖方有义务照管确保其属性安全且应在每一包装上标注通常采用的标识。

二、表示“某物所有权属于某人”的句型

Sth.is(shall remain)the property of sb., the title of sth.shall be vested in sb.英语合同表示“某物所有权属于某人”时，常用到这两个句型。如果用the ownership of sth.belongs to sb.,或者sb.owns/possesses sth.就不够正式，而且possess只指目前属于某人，并不能说明获得的来源，而own只表示“对„„的合法占有”。

例一：Any drawings or technical documents interested for use in the Construction of the Plant or of part thereof and submitted to the Seller by the Buyer prior or subsequent to formation of the Contract remain the exclusive property of the Buyer.本合同订立前后由买方送交卖方用于建筑设备或其部分设备的图纸或技术资料仍为买方的专有财产。

例二：Licensee hereby agrees that at the termination or expiration of this agreement Licensee will be deemed to have assigned, transferred and conveyed to Licensor any rights, equities, good will, titles or other rights in and to the Name which may have been obtained by Licensee or which may have vested in Licensee in pursuance of any endeavors covered hereby, and that Licensee will execute any instruments requested by Licensor to accomplish or confirm the foregoing.被许可方特此同意本协议终止或届满时，被许可方视为向许可方转让被许可方因该名称可能已获得或经努力已拥有的任何权利、权益、商誉、所有权或其他权利，并且被许可方应在许可方的要求下签署任何文件以完成或确认上述转让。

三、It is + p.p that（past participle过去分词）+clause

英文合同在使用被动语态时，有一些常见的特殊句型：

It is agreed that+clause

例一：It is mutually agreed that the certificate of quality and quantity of weight issued by the manufacturer shall be part of the document for payment with the adopted Letter of Credit.双方同意以制造厂出具的品质、数量或重量检验证明书作为有关信用证项下付款的单据之一。

例二：It is expressly agreed that Lessee will not, without obtaining prior written permission of Lessor, assert on its behalf, or on behalf of Lessor, any immunity from taxation based on the tax?exempt status, if any, of the Lessor.双方明确同意承租人未经出租人事先书面同意，不得自行或代表出租人基于出租人的免税身份主张免税，如果出租人有该身份。

It is understood that+clause

例一：It is strictly understood that the Sellers can not be held responsible for non?delivery of delayed delivery of the goods ordered if the situation is caused by Force Majeure, such as war, rebellion, fire, strike, new levies imposed by government, mistakes in telegrams, inability of, or refusal by the manufacturers to fulfill this Contract or any other causes beyond Seller?s control.严格明确卖方对于自己无法控制的不可抗力，如战争、叛乱、火灾、罢工、政府新征税、电报错误、生产厂商无能力或拒绝按合同生产，致使的已定货物不能发货或迟延发货概不负责。

例二：It is understood that the Seller shall not be liable for any discrepancy of the goods shipped due to causes for which the Insurance Company, Shipping Company, other transportation organizations and/or Post Office are liable.双方明确卖方概不承担属保险公司、装运公司或其他运输机构、邮局责任范围内原因所造成已装运货物的瑕疵责任。

It is stressed that+clause

例句：It is essentially stressed that the Buyers are requested to sign and return the duplicate of this Contract within 3 days from the date of receipt.In the event of failure to do this, the Sellers reserve the right to cancel the Contract.必须强调：买方应于收到本合同之日起３天内签字并退还合同的副本，如买方不这样做，卖方保留取消合同的权利。

四、Saving Clause ?

在英文合同中Saving Clause（除外条款, 但书条款）通常有save that句型和save as句型，表示“„„者例外”。

例一：Subject to clause 18.4, each party shall bear its own costs arising out of or in connection with the preparation, negotiation and implementation of this Agreement save that if this Agreement is lawfully rescinded by the Purchaser the Vendors shall pay to the Purchaser its accountancy, legal and other costs and expenses in relation to the investigation of the Company prior to the date hereof and the preparation and negotiation of this Agreement.在遵守第18.4条的条件下，每一方应各自承担其准备、协商和实施本协议所产生的或与之有关的费用，除非如本协议系买方依法解除，则卖方应向买方支付与本协议订立前调查公司以及准备和协商本协议有关的会计、法律和其他花费和支出。

例二：Save as expressly provided herein, this Agreement may be amended or terminated, and any of the terms hereof waived, only by a document in writing specifically referring to this Agreement and executed by the parties hereto or, in the case of a waiver, by the party waiving compliance.除非本协议明确规定，本协议可做修改或终止，本协议任一条款可放弃，仅当通过书面文件特别提及本协议并由本协议双方执行或一方通过弃权声明放弃遵守。?

此外，也常见用provison表示限制条款或但书。

例一：5.6 Legal Proceedings;Injunctions.(a)The Seller, the Buyer and the Company shall use commercially reasonable efforts(subject to the provision in Section 5.6(b))to cooperate with each other in connection with any claim, action, suit, proceeding, inquiry or investigation with any other person which relates to the execution and delivery of this Agreement or the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereunder.法律诉讼；禁止令。（1）卖方、买方和本公司应竭尽全力（除本条第二款的但书规定外）互相配合处理涉及本合同履行与交付及本合同项下预期交易完成的与他方有关的索赔、诉讼、案件、诉讼程式、质询或调查。

例二：Tenant shall not be required to join in any proceedings referred to in the provision at the end of 4.6 hereof unless the provisions of any law, rule or regulation at the time in effect shall require that such proceedings be brought by or in the name of Tenant, in which event Tenant shall join and cooperate in such proceedings or permit the same to be brought in its name, but shall not be liable for the payment of any costs or expenses in connection with any such proceedings, and Landlord shall reimburse Tenant for, and indemnify and hold Tenant harmless from and against, any and all costs or expenses which Tenant may reasonably pay, sustain or incur in connection with any such proceedings.承租人不得被应要求参加本合同第四条第六款最后但书/限制性条款提及的任何诉讼，除非当时生效的法律法规要求该诉讼应由承租人或以承租人名义提起，此种情况下，承租人应参加配合该诉讼或允许该诉讼以其名义提起，但概不承担任何与该诉讼有关的任何费用和花费，业主应偿还并保证赔偿承租人合理支付的因该诉讼产生或遭受的全部费用和花费且确保承租人免于以上责任。

五、As句型

参看本章第一节as的用法

六、Upon sth.英文合同中表达“一经„„，就„„”的含义时，不用基础英语中的as soon as, 而用upon sth.表达。

例如：Upon expiration of such term of contract, the contract shall automatically become void and null.合同一经届满则自动失效。

七、Unless otherwise 和 except(as)otherwise

英文合同中表示“除非另有规定”时，常常用到这两个句型。它们在句中的位置非常灵活，句首、句末或者句中都能看到它们的身影，后接stipulate, provide, require, state, specify等动词或其过去分词。

例一：On the Transfer Date，New Company shall transfer to B, free from any lien or encumbrance created by New Company and without the payment of any compensation, all its right, title to and interest in the infrastructure project, unless otherwise specified in the Agreement or any supplementary agreement.新公司应在转让日向乙方转让其在基础设施项目中的全部权利、所有权和权益，免于新公司创设的任何质押或财产担保，除非本协议另有规定或补充协议。

例二：The arbitration fee shall be borne by the losing Party except otherwise awarded by the Arbitration Institute.仲裁费由败诉方承担，除非仲裁机构另有裁决。

例三：Except as otherwise provided herein, all import permits and licenses and the import duties, customs fees and all taxes levied by any government authority other than the Seller?s country shall be the sole responsibility of the Buyer.除非本协议另有规定，所有进口许可证照和政府机关（不是卖方国家）征收的进口关税和所有税费均应由买方独自承担责任。

八、表示“尽力做某事”的句型

Use all reasonable endeavors(efforts)to do sth., make full endeavors(efforts)to do sth.，exert one?s effort(s)to do sth.，exert oneself to do sth.英文合同中表示“尽力做某事”时，常常用到这几个句型，而不用基础英语中try one?s best to do sth.等句型。

例一：Except as contemplated by this Agreement, from the date hereof through the Closing Date, Mattel shall cause each TLC Subsidiary to use commercially reasonable efforts to conduct its business in the ordinary course in all material respects, and shall use commercially reasonable endeavors to preserve intact its business relationships, keep available the service of its employees and maintain satisfactory relationships with its suppliers and customers.除非本协议预期，从本协议日期到成交日，Mattel公司应促使TLC子公司竭尽全力在所有实质方面按通常程式进行交易。并应尽力来保持其商业关系完整，可获得其员工的服务并与供应商和客户维持良好的关系。

例二：However, both parties shall make efforts to get the ratification within 60(sixty)days.然而，双方应努力在60天内获得批准。

例三：Each of Quotesmith and IIS agrees to exert its commercially reasonable efforts so that IIS can begin providing instant quotes on QIM in as short a time as the capabilities and technologies of each party will allow.Quotesmith和IIS均同意尽其全力使得IIS在各方能力和技术许可的范围内尽快开始向QIM公司提供即时报价。

例四：Promptly following the Effective Time, the shareholders of Tunes who are employed by JAMtv or Merger Sub shall exert their best efforts to cause all employees of Tunes and Merger Sub to execute in favor of Merger Sub proprietary rights agreements substantially similar to JAMtv?s existing employee proprietary rights agreement.生效时间后，被JAMtv公司或Merger Sub公司所聘的Tunes公司股东应立即竭尽全力促使Tunes公司和Merger Sub公司的所有员工执行Merger Sub公司控股权协议，该协议实质上与JAMtv公司现有的员工控股权协议类似。

第三节合同各部分常用例句与用词

(Sample Wording and Sentences in Each Part)

英文合同由标题（Title）、前言(Preamble)、正文(Habendum)、附录(Schedule)及证明部分即结尾词(Attestation)五大部分构成。标题部分由于比较简单，在此就不多述，而附录由于不是所有合同都具备，固定的句式用词很少，现就前言(Preamble)和证明部分即结尾词两个方面介绍如下。

1.前言部分

前言又分为合同方（Parties）和叙述（Recital）两部分，合同方部分主要载明合同当事人的名称或者姓名、国籍、主营业所在地或住所地以及合同签订的日期等内容，通常有两种句型：

一种是完整的句子，以This Contract is made on, 20, by and between ABC Company Ltd.(hereinafter called Party A)and XYZ Company Ltd.(hereinafter called Party B)为代表。

另一种则是由名词主语加动词过去分词构成的短语，如Agreement made thisday of , between(hereinafter called “Licensor”), and(hereinafter called “Licensee”)。

其中，made 后常用entered/concluded into等并列，this后直接接日期，或者用on，后接方式较为灵活，但接日期更为正式。而表达合同各方时还成对出现of /as one part(y), of/as the other part(y), 或是of/as one hand, of/as the other hand。表示“以下简称”时通常用hereinafter called 或是hereinafter referred to as, 甚至有直接把简称写到括弧里的情形。

合同方（Parties）的句式范例：

例一：This Contract made on April 1, 19, at, China, between ABC Co.with its principal office at, China(hereinafter called Party A), and XYZ Co.with its principal office at, USA(hereinafter called Party B).本合同于19年4月1日于中国签订，合同双方为ABC公司（以下简称甲方），其主营业地位于中国，和XYZ公司（以下简称乙方），其主营业地为美国。

例二：This contract is signed on this(date)of(year)in(place)by and between(hereinafter referred to as Party A)and(hereinafter referred to as Party B).本合同由公司（以下简称甲方）与公司（以下简称乙方）于年月日于地签订。

例三：AAA Corporation, Beijing, China(hereinafter referred to as the Buyer)as one party and(hereinafter referred to as the Seller)as the other party agree to authorize their representatives to sign the present Contract under the following terms and conditions...合同一方中国北京AAA公司（以下简称买方）和合同另一方公司（以下简称卖方）同意授权各自代表签署现有合同，条款如下„„

例四：This contract is made by and between the Sellers and the Buyers;Whereby the Sellers agree to sell and the Buyers agree to buy the undermentioned goods according to the terms and conditions stipulated below and overleaf...本合同由买卖双方签订，凭此合同，卖方同意出售、买方同意购买根据下文和背面规定条款的如下货物„„

前言的叙述（Recital）部分，往往由whereas引导的句子（鉴于条款）后，再接now therefore...(最为常见)等结构。

例一：Now therefore, in consideration of the premises and covenants described hereinafter, Party A and Party B agree as follows...由此，以上述各点和以下规定契约为约因，甲乙双方约定如下„„

例二：Now therefore, the parties hereby agree as follows...由此，双方特约定如下„„

例三： Now, Therefore, in consideration of the mutual promises herein contained, it is hereby agreed...由此，以相互本协议包含的承诺为约因，双方特此约定如下„„

例四： Now it is hereby agreed as follows...特此约定如下„„

例五：now, therefore, the parties agree as follows...由此，合同方约定如下„„

例六：It is understood and expressively agreed that...双方确认并明确约定如下„„

2.证明部分，即结尾词(Attestation)

英文合同的该部分，通常表达“双方签字盖章，特此为证”的含义。主要是由in witness where of或者in testimony whereof后接常用的句子。通常有如下形式：

例一：In witness whereof, the parties hereto have caused their respective duly authorized representatives to execute the Agreement on theday ofin the year of.合同双方授权其代表于年月日签订本协议，特此为证。

例二：In witness whereof, the parties have caused this instrument to be duly executed as of the day and year first above written.双方确认本协议于上述所具日期起签订生效，特此为证。

例三：in witness whereof, the Parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be executed by their duly authorized representatives as of the day and year set forth below.合同双方确认本协议自以下注明的日期起由其授权代表签字生效，特此为证。

例四：In witness whereof, the parties have executed this agreement at(designate place of execution)the day and year first above written.合同双方于上述日期于地（指定签订地）签订本协议，特此为证。

例五：In testimony whereof, Assignor has caused this Assignment to be executed by its officer(s)thereunto duly authorized.转让方授权其官员签署生效本转让协议。

（出自：英文合同解读--语用、条款及文本范例）

英语四六级作文八种常用句型总结篇2

一)原因

1.A number of factors are accountable for this situation.

A number of factors might contribute to (lead to )(account for ) the phenomenon(problem)。

2. The answer to this problem involves many factors.

3. The phenomenon mainly stems from the fact that

4. The factors that contribute to this situation include

5. The change in largely results from the fact that

6. We may blame ，but the real causes are

7. Part of the explanations for it is that

One of the most common factors (causes ) is that

Another contributing factor (cause ) is

Perhaps the primary factor is that

But the fundamental cause is that

二)比较

1.The advantage far outweigh the disadvantages.

2.The advantages of A are much greater than those of B.

3.A may be preferable to B， but A suffers from the disadvantages that

4.It is reasonable to maintain that but it would be foolish to claim that

5.For all the disadvantages， it has its compensating advantages.

6.Like anything else， it has its faults.

7.A and B has several points in common.

英文合同解读--(八)英语合同的常用句型篇3

外贸合同写作精彩英文例子

We’ll have the contract ready for signature. 我们应准备好合同待签字。 We signed a contract for medicines. 我们签订了一份药品合同。 Mr. Zhang sings the contract on behalf of the China National Silk Import & Export Corporation. 张先生代表中国丝绸进出口总公司在合同上签了字。 A Japanese company and SINOCHEM have entered into a new contract. 中国化工进出口总公司已经和日本一家公司签订了一份新合同。 It was because of you that we landed the contract. 因为有了你，我们才签了那份合同。 We offered a much lower price, so they got the contract. 由于我们报价低，他们和我们签了合同。 Are we anywhere near a contract yet? 我们可以(接近于)签合同了吗? We sign a contract when we are acting as principals.(“principals” refers to the “seller” and the “buyer”) 当我们作为货主时都要签订合同。(这里的“货主”指合同中的卖方和买方) I know we (the seller) should draw up a contract and the buyer has to sign it. 我们知道我们(卖方)应该拟出一份合同，买方必须签署合同。 We should simultaneously sign two contracts, one sales contract for beef and mutton, and the other contract of equal value for the purchase of cotton. 我们同时签两个合同，一是牛羊肉的销售(出口)合同，另一个是等额的棉花购买(进口)合同。 We both want to sign a contract, and we have to make some concessions to do it. 我们都想签合同，因此双方都要做些让步。 We are here to discuss a new contract with you. 我们来这里和您谈谈订一份新合同的问题。 Our current contract is about to expire, and we’ll need to discuss a new one. 欧文们现有合同快要期满了，需要再谈一个新合同。 We can repeat the contract on the same terms. 我们可以按同样条件再订一个合同。 A few problems with supply under the old contract must be quickly resolved. 老合同中的一些供货问题必须尽快解决。 We ought to clear up problems arising from the old contract. 我们应该清理一下老合同中出现的问题。 Do you always make out a contract for every deal? 每笔交易都需要订一份合同吗? As per the contract, the construction of factory is now under way. 根据合同规定，工厂的建设正在进行中。外贸合同写作精彩英文词汇Words and Phrases contract 合同，订立合同 contractor 订约人，承包人 contractual 合同的，契约的 to make a contract 签订合同 to place a contract 订合同 to enter into a contract 订合同 to sign a contract 签合同 to draw up a contract 拟订合同 to draft a contract 起草合同 to get a contract 得到合同 to land a contract 得到(拥有)合同 to countersign a contract 会签合同 to repeat a contract 重复合同 an executory contract 尚待执行的合同 a nice fat contract 一个很有利的合同 originals of the contract 合同正本

copies of the contract 合同副本 a written contract 书面合同

英文学术论文写作常用句型篇4

一、~~~ the + ~ est + 名词 +(that)+ 主词 + have ever + seen(known/heard/had/read, etc)

~~~ the most + 形容词 + 名词 +(that)+ 主词 + have ever + seen(known/heard/had/read, etc)

Lack of interpersonal skills is one of the most serious defects that we have ever known about today’s college students.缺乏人际交往技能是我们迄今所知的当今大学生的最大缺陷。

二、Nothing is + ~~~ er than to + V

Nothing is + more + 形容词 + than to + V

例句：For parents, nothing is more important than to educate children in a proper way.没有比以一种正确方式教育孩子更重要的事情了。

三、~~~ cannot emphasize the importance of ~~~ too much.（再怎么强调...的重要性也不为过。）

例句：We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting celebrities’ privacy too much.我们再怎么强调保护名人隐私的也不为过。

四、There is no denying that + S + V...（不可否认的...）

例句：There is no denying that the practicality of our higher education has gone from bad to worse.不可否认的，我们高等教育的实用性已经每况愈下。

五、It is universally acknowledged that + 句子~~（全世界都知道...）例句：It is universally acknowledged that it is the doctor’s duty and obligation to heal the wounded and rescue the dying.全世界都知道救死扶伤是医生的天职。

六、There is no doubt that + 句子~~（毫无疑问的...）

例句：There is no doubt that the Internet is far more convenient and efficient than the written word or other conventional means of conveying meaning.毫无疑问因特网比书面文字更方便、快捷。

七、An advantage of ~~~ is that + 句子（...的优点是...）

例句：An advantage of children’s participating in some paid work is that this practice can cultivate their independence, self-determination and sense of-1-

responsibility.孩子参加有偿劳动的一个优点是这种实践可以培养小孩的独立性、自主性和责任感。

八、The reason why + 句子 ~~~ is that + 句子（...的原因是...）

例句：The reason why a large number of customs have altered a great deal is that most of them are connected with some superstitious beliefs, and they cannot fit in this world with highly-developed technology.多数旧风俗习惯都产生了巨大的改变的原因是它们大多与封建迷信有关，与现代社会格格不入。

九、So + 形容词 + be + 主词 + that + 句子（如此...以致于...）

例句：So pervasive are advertisements that no one can avoid being influenced by them.广告是如此盛行，每个人都难免不受它们的影响。

十、Adj + as + Subject（主词）+ be, S + V~~~（虽然...）

例句：Lovely as pets are, it is by no means appropriate for city dwellers to keep them in their houses.{by no means = in no way = on no account 一点也不}

虽然宠物很可爱，但市民在家中饲养是丝毫不妥的。

十一、The + ~er + S + V, ~~~ the + ~er + S + V ~~~

The + more + Adj + S + V, ~~~ the + more + Adj + S + V ~~~（愈...愈...）The more children are encouraged to get in touch with various aspects of society, the more comprehensive their knowledge will be.越鼓励孩子接触社会的各个方面，他们学习的知识会更全面。

十二、By +Ving, ~~ can ~~（借着...，..能够..）

例句：By putting the responsibility into the government’s hand, citizens can enjoy a higher level of assurance in quality.借着将这种职责放在政府手中，市民在质量上能够享有更高程度的保障。

十三、~~~ enable + Object（受词）+ to + V（..使..能够..）

例句：Community service programs enable the government to relieve the strain on its limited budget.社区服务计划有助于减轻政府财政负担。

十四、On no account can we + V ~~~（我们绝对不能...）

例句：On no account can we ignore the significance of education.我们绝对不能忽略教育的重要性。

十五、It is time + S + 过去式（该是...的时候了）

例句：It is time we evaluated the roles that modern technology plays in our life from more balanced and objective perspectives.该是我们从更加公正和客观的角度来评价现代科技在我们的生活中所发挥的作用的时候了。

十六、Those who ~~~（...的人...）

例句：Those who think otherwise contend that computers are designed and programmed by human beings to do all the translation work in a comparatively mechanical manner.那些持反对意见的人争论到电脑是由人设计和编程的，因此只能是较机械地进行语言翻译。

十七、There is no one but ~~~（没有人不...）

例句：There is no one but longs to display the best self and impress others.没有人不渴望展现最好的自我以给他人留下深刻印象。

十八、be + forced/compelled/obliged + to + V（不得不...）

例句：Only in a peaceful environment can people lay emphasis on sports events.The Olympic Games is a convincing example because it has been compelled to be cancelled several times in its history due to wars..只有在和平的环境里，人们才有精力去重视体育赛事。奥运会就是一个很有说服力的例子，因为在历史上它由于战争而数次被迫取消。

十九、It is conceivable that + 句子（可想而知的）

It is obvious that + 句子（明显的）

It is apparent that + 句子（显然的）

例句：It is conceivable that with the rapid development in society and economy, competition is becoming increasingly fierce and acute.可想而知，随着社会经济的发展，竞争将更加剧烈。

二十、That is the reason why ~~~（那就是...的原因）

例句：It costs an astronomical sum of fund to lock up so many criminals and that’s the reason why imprisonment has imposed a great strain on the budget of a nation.把如此多的罪犯关押起来需要耗费大量资金，那就是为什么监禁已经大大增加了国家负担的原因。

二十一、For the past + 时间，S + 现在完成式...（过去...年来，...一直...）例句：For the past decade or so, practical courses, such as computer and business, have gained tremendous popularity on college campuses.过去十年来，实用性课程诸如电脑和商科在大学中普遍盛行。

二十二、Since + S + 过去式，S + 现在完成式。

例句：Since the advent of modern urbanization, people have been confronted with the dilemma whether or not they should demolish old houses and buildings that seem to have spoilt the cityscape.自从现代城市化的进程开始之后，人们一直面临着这样一种两难的境地：他们是否应该拆除那些是否有损市容的旧房屋和建筑物。

二十三、It pays to + V ~~~（...是值得的。）

例句：It pays to create a fair atmosphere in which both males and females cooperate and compete on an equal footing.创造一个让男女平等合作竞争的良好环境是值得的。

二十四、be based on（以...为基础）

例句：The progress of thee society is based on harmony.社会的进步是以和谐为基础的。

二十五、Spare no effort to + V（不遗余力的）

Developed nations should spare no effort to finance their economically disadvantaged counterparts.发达国家应该不遗余力地资助贫国。

二十六、bring home to + 人 + 事（让...明白...事）

例句：We should bring home to the masses the significance of space research.我们应该让人们明白太空研究的重要性所在。

二十七、be closely related to ~~（与...息息相关）

例句：Expanding population and influx of migrant workers are closely related to the problem.人口激增与外来民工大量涌入与交通问题息息相关。

二十八、There exists the possibility of + Ving(存在...的可能性)

There exists the possibility of wronging an innocent person

有可能冤枉无辜的人。

二十九、Due to/Owing to/Thanks to + N/Ving, ~~~（因为...）

例句： Thanks to coeducation system, benign competition and cooperation between male and female students are rightly encouraged.由于男女共校的教育体制，异性同学间的良性竞争和友好合作精神得到了发扬。

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十、Only...can（只有...才能）

例句：Only in cities can children be well prepared for their future life and keep up with the trend of the world.只有在城市里孩子们才能为他们未来的生活作好准备并与世界趋势同步。三

十一、Leave much to be desired（令人不满意）

例句：The condition of our traffic leaves much to be desired.我们的交通状况令人不满意。

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十二、Have(exert, impose)a great influence on ~~~（对...有很大的影响）例句：Quality of citizens has a great influence on a nation’s prosperity.国民的素质对于国家的繁荣有重大的影响。

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十三、do good to（对...有益），do harm to（对...有害）

例句：Reading does good to our minds.读书对心灵有益。

Overwork does harm to health.工作过度对健康有害。

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