教育类及（精选2篇）
教育类及 篇1
1.What are the main tasks of universities: to offer students knowledge and skills essential for their future career, or to provide students with access to knowledge itself? What do you think university education should contain?
引入话题，观点提出：提供知识，并提升知识 ； 说明理由：1）正 2）反 ； 回答第二个问题
Serve a larger population of students that are more culturally and socially diversified.Universities should be perfectly aware of their main tasks : providing students with easy access to knowledge and, at the same time, encouraging them to make active contribution to the advancement of human knowledge.Universities, first, should be the learning communities where knowledge is not only disseminated but also advanced.As full-fledged members of this community, students should not be information recipients who learn the knowledge in a passive way.Instead, they should be challenged to achieve their potential and, indeed, to excel.Therefore, rather than focus merely on knowledge dissemination and transfer, universities should contrive to provide learning conditions that encourage students to remain curious, to value diversity in opinions and perspectives, and to think critically and communicate effectively.In this way, students can gain problem-solving experience and confidence.Furthermore, universities will never attain their goals if they tailor all their courses or programs to meet the needs of specific employers or occupational sectors.Today’s social environment is more dynamic and turbulent than ever before.Only those graduates who possess certain personality traits and can do well in diversified situations can distinguish themselves from other job applicants.In order to fulfill the main tasks of universities, university education should contain amply opportunities for independent learning which can cultivate students who are more likely to adapt to the changing society.Students can also learn to exercise their autonomy more effectively, and they may clarify their own professional interests while learning in an independent way.2.Nowadays computers are widely used in education.As a result, some people think teachers no longer play important roles in classrooms.To what extent do you agree or disagree?
计算机是否可以取代老师 观点：老师仍重要
理由：1.电脑的缺点：不能创造性思维 2.老师的优点：组织学生，启发学生 3.老师的优点：互动
扩展句子时：可以用先夸后损，或先损后夸，或对比的方法
Invented less than a hundred year ago, computers are now used everywhere, even inside the classrooms.While teachers remain more or less the same, computers are doubling in speed and capability on a yearly basis.In light of the increasing presence and importance of computers in classrooms, people can’t help wondering whether teachers are as important as they once were.As far as I am concerned, teachers still play a major role are still of great importance.It is well known that computers are better at repetitive work but incapable of creative thinking.However advanced they may be, computers are nothing more than human contrivances, programmed to perform certain tasks.They are unable to deal with students with different background.Needless to say, a classroom is a place where individual attention and creativity matter most.Therefore, computers are no better than other tools used by teachers and couldn’t possibly undermine the roles played by them.It might be argued that in terms of accuracy and the amount of information , computers outshine humans;but to make a good teacher means far more than being an encyclopedia where one can access all relevant information.Indeed, a good teacher organizes and inspires the students, putting them into different groups and sharing with them his or her own experience and understanding of a certain subject.Instead of being the source of knowledge, a teacher is more like a guide who shows students the right path towards their destination.Besides, the interaction between students and teachers is vital for learning.According to most education authorities, real learning occurs during the discussion and sharing of ideas with one’s teachers and classmates, which is a task beyond the power of a computer.Moreover, a teacher is there to monitor every slight change in students’ attitude, to respond to and encourage them whenever they show a sign of frustration and impatience.Without this kind of interaction, education is unimaginable.In conclusion, despite the increasing presence of computers inside classrooms, teachers are just as essential, if not more so, as instructors were in the past.Some inherent drawbacks make it impossible for computers to replace teachers in classrooms where creative thinking and interpersonal skills are vital to ensure success.3.As science and technology contribute most to the development of society, science students should get more financial support from government than students in other fields(e.g business, language, etc.)to what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement?
题中出现因果关系：因为科技对社会进步做出的贡献最多，所以科技类学生应该获得更多的财政资助。
反驳时，可以从因 下手： 前提不存在，科技并没有做出最大的贡献 其次，财政资助 真正应该由什么决定 ：学生的学习成绩
4.Some parents maintain that co-education is better for their children while others believe it is better if boys and girls go to single-sex school.Discuss.Discussion 类：从正反两面展开论述，一段写：混和教育的好:自然，消除偏见，一段写：单一性别教育的好:安全，特别是对女生； 专心学习，防止早恋。最后一段指出两种各有利弊，因此不同人有不同的选择。
There have been schools catering exclusively to boys or girls in many countries.Co-education seems the natural mode of education.They can ride on the same bus, eat at the same restaurant and work in the same company.There is no justification to set up separate schools.Co-education resembles the real world.After graduation, those students will not have difficulty adjusting to a world where the opposite sex also exists because they have learnt how to tolerate, appreciate and cooperate with each other in school.Besides, co-ed schools help to reduce the prejudice against the opposite sex.By mingling with one another on a daily basis, boys and girls can relinquish the stereotype view about the other sex.They will find that a girl can be as brave as any boys and that gossiping is also common among boys.Thus, we are equal.On the other hand, single-sex schools have their unique appeals as well.safety is regarded as the foremost reason for choosing those schools, especially girls’schools.It is safe to send one’s kids to a place where they won’t be seduced, molested or even assaulted by the other sex.of course , it is to assume that none of the teachers an staff is criminally inclined.In addition, the students can focus more on their study.Free from the burden of co-existing harmoniously with the opposite sex, boys and girls often turn their attention to scholarly pursuits.This might explain why many prominent scientists went to single-sex school at one time or another.Last but definitely not least, single-sex school bars the possibility of the much-dreaded puppy love among students.It might be gathered from the above that each type of school has its strength and weakness.5.Many schools are troubled by students’ behavioral problems.What are the causes? What solutions do you recommend?
6.Should the teacher in physical education class encourage the students to be more competitive or urge them to cooperate with one another? What is your opinion? 竞争还是合作 +体育
选择合作 ：理由1，2 让步竞争
竞争：a sense of competition can certainly bring about improvement.Driving force 合作：1.cooperation is more essential to success.Most sports require cooperation among team members.Football, basketball, for example.To defeat another team, all team members must work together, adjusting to and communicating with each other.The total synergy is far more important than the strength of an individual player.After all, rarely can one accomplish much all by himself.2.compared to competition, cooperation gives a greater impetus to progress.Whereas the urge to improve provided by competition is based on personal gratification, i.e.The seeking of glory and victory and the avoidance of pain and humiliation, that of cooperation is grounded on one’s devotion to a common goal.To put it simply, to compete one often works for himself;to cooperate one works for others.One will try his uttermost because his performance will affect others’ and because he cannot bear the thought of letting others down.---success is not achieved by defeating others but improving ourselves.7.It is right that college graduates earn higher salaries than the less well-educated in the community.But they should also pay the full cost of their study.Do you agree or disagree with this statement?
大学生是否应该独立承担全部教育费用
观点类：不应该：１.否认它的前提：大学生并不比那些没有学历的人享受更高的工资 2.教育对社会有利
In reality, college graduates are far from enjoying higher salaries than those without a diploma.工资与贡献有关，一个人的工作表现与他收到的教育没有直接联系
Long gone are the days when college education guarantees enviable salaries.A university does not and should not act as a career training center, whose aim is merely to prepare students for the work ahead.Rather, college education cultivates the mind of the students and improve one’s overall abilities.With more people receiving higher education, the whole nation benefits in numerous ways.This had been testified in the developed countries, all of which put a premium on education.Thus, it is fitting that gifted students with potential not be barred from universities simply because they cannot foot the bill.Adequate grants and scholarships should be set aside to alleviate the financial burdens of those underprivileged students.7.Many people believe that subjects such as music or sports are not useful.Thus school should concentrate on subjects that offer better career prospect.What is your opinion? Not justified.理由：1.教育的目的不是给学生提供就业培训，其目标在于完善一个人的综合能力。
Career prospect is on most’s people’s mind when choosing a major, but this can hardly justify the overemphasis on certain disciplines.It is not the goal of education to provide job trainings to students.Education aims to improve one’s all-round abilities.2.雇主看中的不只是专业技能。
8.Is distant learning as effective as school education?
9.Some think students can learn more effectively in groups, while others think they should study alone.What are the benefits of each method? Which one do you think is more effective?
10.Nowadays college students or even high school students start to work at a younger age.Do you think that it is a positive or negative development?
11.Many people think that education is losing its value.Do you agree or disagree?
12.Education used to be a period of schooling.But now people regard it as a lifelong process.Do you agree or disagree? 13.Today, many students take the course international news in secondary school.Some say it is a waste of time.Discuss and state your opinion.14.Some people think that in order to improve the quality of education, high school students should be encouraged to evaluate and criticize their teachers, but other people maintain that such evaluation and criticism may cause loss of respect for teachers and discipline.What do you think? 15.Some say that students with similar academic abilities should be put in one class.Others believe a class should include students with different academic performances.Discuss.16.There are lots of difficulties for the new students on the first day in a high school or college because they feel lonely.What are the difficulties they may face on the first day? What can the school or college do to solve these problems? 17.Many schools demand that the students should wear uniform.Some people think that such a practice undermines students’ personality and individuality.What do you think?
教育类及 篇2
一、含义理解题类。
这类题目，主要考查词句或句子的理解，是命题起点层次，难度较低。
1.词句含义的理解
[例] 什刹海正位于我母校的后门，度过一道筑在溪水上的石桥，再一转弯，便会听见那愉快的水声，伴着水滨青翠的树色在欢迎来访者了。送着清晨无课，我总是拿了一本诗集，在水边倘佯，那时候，正是充满了诗意与幻梦的年纪，水边有时是“自在飞花轻似梦”的诗境，有时是“无边丝雨细如愁”的凄凉境界，还有什么更适于少年的心灵流连徘徊？我常是将书放在身边，双足垂到水面，叫水上的白云，将我带到又温暖又惆怅的幻梦里。我曾有一首小诗，其中两段是：
我曾持一卷诗一朵花来到你身旁，在柳荫里静听那捆捆的水响。
诗，遗忘了；花，失落了，而今再寻不到那流走的时先。
你曾几番入梦，同水上一片斜阳，还有长堤上卖书老人的深色衣裳。
我曾一叠叠买去他的古书，却憾恨着买不去他那暮年的悲伤。
诗中“你”的称谓，即是指什刹海，这首诗里，实在交织着无限的怀念和怅惘。
（08四川卷张秀亚 《我爱水》）
问题：“这首诗里，实在交织着无限的怀念和怅惘”，这里“怅惘”的含义是什么？ 答案：“怅惘”是指作者思念什刹海却只能在梦中相见的遗憾。解题思路总结：将段落语境内容和词语字面含义有机组合。
2.句子含义的理解
［例1］今天终于以另一种方式接近了你。今天来到了从小就觉得神秘的这位艺术家生活过的实实在在的空间。多么不可思议，多么幸福。我们可以用手抚摸一下诗人触摸的东西，小心翼翼。我们试图通过逝去的诗人遗留在器物的神秘，去接通那颗伟人的灵魂。（08山东卷 张炜《歌德之勺》）问题：“今天终于以另一种方式接近了你”这句话在文中的含义是什么？
【参考答案】（1）通过寻访诗人生活过的实实在在的空间和遗留的器物，去接通（感受）歌德那颗伟人的灵魂。答“通过用手抚摸一下诗人触摸的东西”，“去接通歌德那颗伟人的灵魂”也可。[例2] 在去阳关古城的路上，只见沿途平沙千里、荒无人烟，戈壁滩与蓝天相互对峙，偶尔有芨芨草、骆驼刺等沙生植物零星地点缀在远处，把广袤的戈壁滩映衬得更为荒凉。车轮飞转，发出沙沙的声响，远方地平线，隐隐约约出现了一线锯齿形的屏障。那屏障原是一条林带。我们的汽车驶进林带，就好像突然闯进了绿色的海洋。这水渠交错、万木争春的景象，仿佛就是可爱的江南水乡。
（08全国卷Ⅰ寅公《阳关古道苍凉美》）
问题：根据上下文，解释文中画线句子的含意。（1）就好像突然闯进了绿色的海洋。
【参考答案】（1）宽广的绿色林带与沙漠戈壁的反差巨大，是我突然产生了惊喜之感。
【分析】 本题需要结合句子和前后文分析解答，此句要抓住戈壁滩中的“绿色海洋”来解答。考比喻性的句子，需要找准印证的对象。【解题思路】：以中心句命题的题目，抓住中心句提供的信息，对内容进行概括；以比喻说明的句子(或例子)命题的题目，抓准与之相印证的中心词或句。【练习】
冰心是世纪的同龄人，也是世纪的见证人。清王朝覆灭时，她是少年；五四新文化运动时，她是青年；整个中年时期在离乱和忧患中度过。动荡和苦难，造就了她成熟的人生。饱经忧患的她，极大地延长了中年期。她似乎在向世人昭示，人的生命有多么大的承受力，她坚强地活着，体验那超乎想像的苦难并战胜它，从充满噩梦的昨日，直至舒展开放的今日。(06年上海高考卷)考题：作者认为冰心是“世纪的见证人”，这是因为
。此题考概括性的句子，回答时需要简要展开。答案为：“冰心经历了整个世纪的重大事件。”分析命题方式和答案，不难发现，它都与语段中心有关。例题是从语段中心句“世纪的见证人”演化而来的，分析关键词，我们可以获得如下提信息：“世纪”隐含“时间”；“见证人”隐含“经历”，综合两方面的信息，从下文中找到依据就能正确回答。
二、原因筛选、组合题类。
这类题目，主要考查“原因”的筛选、组合，也包括条件、意图等内容的筛选、组合。文本中的有关词句，是进行筛选、组合的依据。难度中等。［例］
他是个了不起人物，从性情、智慧、人格各方面来讲，在这种时代，要找这种人，已经不太容易了。他的议论不管是对是错，都有真知灼见。他和社会上一般的名人、名流不同，他对中国有极深的关怀，平生所志都在为中国未来的发展寻出一条恰当的途径，例如“乡村建设运动”，就是梁先生思想见之于行动的具体表现，不只是讲说学问而已。（08山东 牟宗三《我所认识的梁漱溟》）
问题：文章第二段说“他是个了不起的人物”，“他和社会上一般的名人、名流不同”。这样评说梁漱溟的具体理由是什么？（4分）
【参考答案】有真知灼见；不只是讲说学问，还将思想付之于具体行动。“平生所志都在为中国未来的发展寻出一条恰当的途径”。
【分析】 此题属于筛选“原因”的题目。设计的题目从结果或结论生发而来，答案都藏在前后文的“因”之中。这类题目既有筛选也有组合，不宜简单地、不加选择的照抄原文。
解题思路：由结果部分反溯上文，寻找原因；剔除不属于原因的内容；将不隐含的语言明确化、清晰化。
三、段意、主旨归纳题类。
这类题目，主要考查段意、中心等关键句的判断与概括。大致有两种常式。一是直接筛选段意或中心的题目；一种是提炼段意或中心的题目。前者较易，后者较难。［例］08湖北卷：季羡林《雾》
一些时候以前，当我第一次听到模糊数学这个名词的时候，我曾说过几句怪话：数学比任何科学都更要求清晰，要求准确，怎么还能有什么模糊数学呢？后来我读了一些介绍文章，逐渐了解了模糊数学的内容。我一反从前的想法，觉得模糊数学真是一个了不起的发现。在人类社会中，在日常生活中，在社会科学和自然科学中，有着大量模糊的东西。无论如何也无法否认这些东西的模糊性。承认这个事实，对研究学术和制订政策等等都是有好处的。
问题：请用一句简洁的话，概括文章第⑤自然段的主要观点，不超过20字。（3分）
【参考答案】在社会生活和科学中都有模糊性。
【分析】这是典型的提炼题。在文本中不存在现成语句可筛选，没有局部的词语可以组合，也没有剔除谁留下谁的问题。需要从整体把握后进行提炼。那么，提炼从何处下手呢？分析答案可知，答案涵盖两 方面内容：一是数学、人类社会、日常生活、社会科学、自然科学五个例子的范围(社会生活和科学)；二是五个例子的共同倾向(模糊性)。
解题思路：概括例子的范围，分析人物或事件的共同属性，提炼例子共同倾向，最后斟酌语言概括回答。［练习］
我们知道，在客观世界上，存在着许多的美：大自然千姿百态的美；几何图形整齐组合的美；孩童天真烂漫的美；中年精壮强健的美；老者深熟沉静的美；美术家的色彩线条美；音乐家的声音和谐美；连被一般人认为最刻板的自然科学，也有它的“工程美”；连最枯燥的哲学，也有它的哲理美。这些美都是不同的人，在各自不同的环境条件下，乐而自得的。而舞蹈，是以一种真正以生命来塑造的艺术，因此它也最有灵性。舞者，是一面镜，能照出各人的影；舞姿，是一阵风，能拂动各人的情；舞台，是一面在的雷达，能接收与反射各人的思想。当我们在大剧场时落座，四周灯光渐暗，乐声轻起，台上演员翩跹起舞时，我们便一下获得了一种共同的美。你看她一笑一颦，一起一停，一甩手投足，挺拨、秀丽、高朗、愁忧，仿佛社会上一切美的物，美的情，这时全都聚在她的身上，成了一团美的魅力。……
(04年上海高考卷《我看舞蹈的美》)考题：本段中最能体现该段大意的句子是
。这是考查中心句的题目。答案为：“舞蹈，是以一种真正以生命来塑造的艺术，因此它也最有灵性。”对此类题，学生往往以段首的起始句作为中心句，但是，中心句的呈现形式，未必都在句首。很多中心句出在段落中间偏上的位置。为什么会这样呢？因为中心句，可以通过铺垫或推理导出。本题则是一个典型例子。仔细分析，不难发现，经过铺垫或推理后导出的中心句，大多出在偏正复句的后半句。因此，如转折复句的“但是”、“而”，递进复句的“而且”，因果复句的“所以”、“因此”等，都是判断和寻找此类中心句的标志。
解题思路：注意偏正复句的标志性词语，寻找偏正复句后半句的议论性的句子，再以后文的内容或例子加以印证和鉴别，最后对中心句进行准确筛选。
四、整体内容的分析归纳题类。
这类题目，关键在“整体”两字上，需要反复阅读，分层提炼。所考查的内容，既可以是整篇文章的整体内容，也可以是段落或某层次的整体内容。难度较大。［例1］
在我的心中，泰山早已成为一个巍峨博大的文化符号，更是一个亘古而来的震撼。
今年六月的一天，我登上了泰山。也许是一种因缘，在登山的过程中，漫天大雾笼罩不散，就像那化不开的思睹，一直缠绕着我。
从红门到中天门一段，薄雾在风中婷婷袅袅，若轻纱缠绕于古松脖际，如轻烟出岫于山谷岩隙，为山色平添许多妖娆。更有鹧鸪唱和，湿风润面，真是无比清爽。过了中天门，雾气突然变得沉重了，简易雨披上的积水愈来愈多。目之所及，只有路边影影幢幢的古树，只有不远处岩岩叠叠的山石．只有石壁上遒劲古朴的石刻。至于远处的山峰，则全部迷失于苍茫的雾中，我只能对着游览图上的提示，来想像它们的风采了。那雾中的楼台，因雾气轻薄得恰到好处，虚实变幻，顿生雅韵。而泰山的雾太粘稠，仿佛要遮掩一切似的，压得人几乎抬不动睫毛。那险峻无比的十八盘，在我而言只是喘气更重、流汗更多而已。记得照片上的十八盘如蛇一般蜿蜒在峭壁上，在蓝天苍山下让人望之凛然。可是现在，无论是抬头仰视还是回首来路，我看到的最多也不过十来级台阶，丝毫感觉不到它的气势。原来，失去了烘托，巨人和矮子其实也没有分别。如障的浓雾掩盖了这一切，让我只能在想像中获得慰藉。上到天街，天空下起了小雨，雾更是浓得黏手，四五步开外就看不见人影了。摸到瞻鲁台边，睁大了眼睛，自然仍然什么也看不见。
徜徉在天街上，看不见四周的景物，我的思绪却如雾一般弥散开来。
数千年来，泰山已经不仅仅是一座雄伟壮丽的地理学意义上的名山了。它更是成了中国文化精神的象征之一。从一路上的对联和石刻可见一斑：“人间灵应无双境，天下巍峨第一山”、“天下第一名山”、“五岳独宗”、“五岳独尊”。其实，泰山海拔不过1545来，在中国的名山大川中并不显高。它的风景确有独到之处。但也未必比得上“黄山归来不看岳”的黄山。但是，那种目空一切、惟我独尊、老子天下第一的气质却深深侵入了山中每一棵树和每一片岩石，让你无时无刻不感觉到几丝压抑、几缕轻狂。这种洋洋自夸，正暴露出一种锁闭心态。圣人说“登泰山而小天下”，与其说夸赞的是一种阔大胸怀，不如说它是坐井观天；俗话说“有眼不识泰山”，与其说推崇的是权威，不如说它流露的是一种卑怯意识。正如那浓雾封锁了眼睛，泰山文化中积淀的太多东西也锁闭了它的灵性与心智。泰山之所以最初赢得“群山之祖．五岳之宗”的尊崇，根本原因可以归结到古人求天地正中而居的地理观念；而其后人们对泰山的崇拜，则与民族的思堆模式有着根本的联系。一座泰山，象征看一个民族的文化，也象征着一个民族的命运!
站在无字碑前，我请人拍了一张照片。尽管迷雾重重，画面十分模糊，但我愿意留下一个纪念。泰山上有数以千计的名碑名刻，或记封禅盛况．或抒豪情壮志，或咏奇瑰风光，惟有此碑不着一字，却给人无穷遐思。无字其实就是有字，这些字是活的精灵，镌刻在历史前行的每一个瞬间。它是深沉的，也是博大的；它是开放的，更是无边的……
站在雾中的泰山上，四顾茫然，我看不清来路，更找不到去路……
(07浙江卷 蔡家园《泰山之恩》本文略有删改)
21、联系全文，就“我看不清来路，更找不到去路”写一段赏析性的文字。(7分)【参考答案】 ①照应前文，表现泰山之雾浓密；递进句式的运用，表达出思想探索的艰难。②既是实写，也是虚写，虚实结合，令人回味。③突出泰山文化的博大、精深，并进而对民族文化、民族命运作更深层的思考。
解题思路：首先分段或分层，找准题目所指向的有关内容。然后继续分层，根据题目要求在每层之中进行内容取舍。最后从整个段落或层次的要点出发，组织词句回答。
五、开放式题类。
所谓开放式题，是从题目与文本的关系来看的。可分为延伸式和迁移式两大类。延伸开放题与文本的关系较紧密，迁移开放题与文本的关系较远。因为“开放”，解答时变化较多，难度也因此而较大。
1.与文本关系较紧密的延伸式开放题。
这类题，补充的内容与原文的主要思想应该是一致的，感受不能脱离原文。【解题思路】：把握原文思想与观点，生发自己感悟，对原观点进行适当引申。
2.与文本内容联系宽松的迁移式开放题。
此类题从文本中迁移出来，与文本没有太多的必然关系。关键是选择好分析角度，与题目要求相符。如题目要求写出个体的感悟，答案中要强调个体对问题的认识。
【巩固训练】
07山东卷叶延滨《灯火的温情》
22．作者说人在孤绝的环境中，往往容易采取酗酒、乞助和寻求怜悯等方式来解脱自己。你怎样看等这种人生态度？假若你处在这样的环境又会如何？请联系全文谈谈你的看法。（5分）
【参考答案】这都不是积极的做法。身处逆境，至少要保持平和的心态，更重要的是在逆境中能在心中点一盏温情的灯，保持自我，不失人格，不失风骨，勇于进取。
命题点密：本题考查“对作品进行个性化阅读和有创意的解读”的能力，能力层级为F级。教育部2007年新考纲第一次增加了探究能力，探究能力第一次明确作为一种规定考查能力进入了考试大纲。探究，即“探索研究”，是一个“多方寻求答案，解决疑问”，“探求事物的真相、性质、规律 等”的学习、研究活动过程。所谓“对作品进行个性化阅读和有创意的解读”有两层含义，其一是“对作品进行个性化阅读”，其二是“对作品进行有创意的解读”。前者侧重“个性化”，立足求异，展示对文本的不同解读；后者侧重“有创意”，立足求新，提出自己的新发现。本题的“你怎样看待这种人生态度”一问，是“对作品进行个性化阅读”；“假若你处在这样的环境又会如何”一问，是“对作品进行有创意的解读”。
解题指津：做“对作品进行个性化阅读和有创意的解读”，首先必须明确：其一，探究类试题的内容是有疑难的，甚至是有争议的，即答题指向不是单一的，是多向的；不是单层次的，是多层次的，可以考查考生对文本的多元解读和多层理解。其二，试题的答案不是唯一的．甚至不是规定的，目的在于考查考生“能否发现作品的丰富内蕴和深层意义，是否对作品有独到的感受和创造性理解，是否具有批判质疑的能力等”。第三，由于高考的选拔性特点，试题将不可能是全开放性的，即“一千个读者心目中的一千个哈姆雷特必须首先是哈姆雷特”，因此，试题应该是半开放性的——多角度，但不是漫无边际。回答本题的基本思路是：首先评价作者介绍的人生态度，然后谈自己的做法并加以阐释。07山东卷 杨明 马小林《梦碎雅典》
★22．作者在文章结尾说：“她的世界百米冠军梦虽然没有实现，但在世人的心中，奥蒂何尝不英雄！”请结合奥林匹克精神，谈谈你的认识。（5分）
【参考答案】“重要的是参与，不是胜利”是奥林匹克精神的核心之一。奥蒂的“悲剧命运”令人叹息，但她屡败屡战、不向厄运低头的坚毅与执著，完美地诠释了奥林匹克精神。失败者未必不是英雄，奥蒂虽败犹荣。(能联系原文，结合奥林匹克精神，言之成理即可。出现常识性错误，酌情扣分。)命题点密：本题考查“探讨文本反映的人生价值和时代精神”的能力，能力层级为F级。这个能力点含有两个层面的命题指向：一个是“探讨文本反映的人生价值”，侧重于对人物个体语言行为心理折射出的性格、思想、品质的分析：一个是“探讨文本反映的时代精神”，侧重于对人物具有时代特征的精神风貌的分析，揭示人物的性格、思想及精神风貌代表的时代意义。