教师的形象与风格礼仪

2024-07-05

教师的形象与风格礼仪(通用6篇)

教师的形象与风格礼仪 篇1

教师礼仪,重塑形象

——教师职业礼仪培训心得体会

盘县盘江镇关口学校 何维友

2012年2月21日至22日,在教育局和盘江镇中心校的精心组织安排下,在关口小学开展了关口小学与贾西小学全体教职工为主体的“盘江镇2012年教师职业礼仪培训”,为期两天的培训,学习了专家《教师礼仪实务大讲堂》共15集的视频讲座,对比自己从教以来的言行举止,我深有感触。

其一,一名出色的教师,除了孜孜不倦地完成自己的本职工作以外,还必须自觉地通过外部形象的塑造来提高自己的人格魅力。而行之有效的方法,就是教师礼仪规范。“细节决定成败”,在很多时候,我们往往忽略了细节的重要性。教师的一言一行,一举一动,对学生都有着潜移默化的影响,所以,我们在自己的仪表方面,必须率先垂范。

其二,教师职业的特殊性,决定了教育的前提,那就是“尊重”。我们不仅要尊重自己的服务对象——学生,还要尊重学生家长,尊重我们的同事、尊重学校的管理者,尊重我们所交往的每一个人。教师要爱每一个孩子,在与之交往中,需学会平易近人、和善可亲,平等对待每一个学生,切忌冷漠无情,傲慢粗暴。要善于表达、善于倾听、善于发现,尊重学生人格,相信学生,允许学生改过。在与学生家长交往的过程中,要把握好“热情”,准确表达对家长的尊重及对孩子的关爱,不厚此薄彼,切忌公开批评、挫伤家长的自尊心。在与同事、管理者的交往沟通中,处理好各种工作的前提,依然离不开尊重。所谓“敬人者,人恒敬之,爱人者,人恒爱之。”主动加强联系沟通,维护教师及领导者的威信,关心、支持别人开展工作等,都是尊重的最好表现。

其三,教师应注意自己的言谈举止对学生的影响。所谓“站有站姿,坐有坐相”。此外,要随时保持微笑,“微笑是世界上最美的通用语言”。

总之,通过教师职业规范礼仪方方面面的培训,我明白了,教师礼仪的重要性,在今后的学习、工作、生活交往中,我将会严格要求自己,一改以前的邋遢形象,从语言、仪表、行为等方面加强改进,做一个内在水平与外在礼仪有机结合的合格教师,真正做到“自塑塑人”!

教师的形象与风格礼仪 篇2

一、现代教师加强形象塑造与礼仪修养的重要性

1.现代教师加强形象塑造与礼仪修养是顺应教育改革发展的必然要求。众所周知, 21世纪国与国之间的竞争是综合国力的竞争, 综合国力竞争中最关键的是人才的竞争。而人才培养的关键在教育, 教育的关键又在教师。因此, 当今世界各国都对教育工作、教师培养十分重视。2010年7月, 胡锦涛同志在全国教育工作会议上强调:教师是教育事业发展的关键, 要把加强教师队伍建设作为教育事业发展最重要的基础工作来抓, 努力造就一支师德高尚、业务精湛、结构合理、充满活力的高素质专业化教师队伍。《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要 (2010—2020年) 》也明确提出:要加强教师教育, 深化教师教育改革, 创新培养模式, 增强实习实践环节, 强化师德修养和教学能力训练, 提高教师培养质量。可见, 加强教师 (师范生) 形象塑造与礼仪修养正是顺应了现代教师教育改革重视教师队伍职前培养和职后培训的发展趋势。礼仪是构成教师形象很重要的内容, 是教师外在形象与内在气质的综合表现。如果我们把课堂比作舞台, 那么, 教师就是这个舞台上的主角, 这个主角的整体形象必须是集容貌、服饰、语言、体态、手势、表情等造型于一体, 必须以其非凡的吸引力参与到课堂教学的全过程, 才能对学生知识吸收、情操陶冶和思想教育起到直接或间接的影响。

2.现代教师加强形象塑造与礼仪修养是提高教育教学质量的重要保证。在教学过程中, 教师的形象塑造与礼仪修养水平高低, 直接影响课堂教学效果的好坏, 并直接影响学生能否健康成长。因为学生的好奇心和求知欲都很强, 他们第一次接触教师时, 会特别注意这位教师的仪表装束和言谈举止, 从而在心理上为教师定位, 为自己与教师的关系画上标签, 是可亲可敬还是反感讨厌?这就是第一印象。实践证明, 那些有着儒雅风度和规范礼仪、能以身作则又表里如一、既爱岗敬业又爱生如子的教师总是会得到学生的肯定。因此, 教师的形象塑造与礼仪修养水平高低, 是决定教师教学水平高低的重要因素。每一个教师都应时刻注意加强自身的形象塑造与礼仪修养, 有关部门特别是师范院校和教育主管部门都应把教师形象塑造与礼仪修养教育当作一项重要工作来抓, 只有如此, 才能确保教育教学质量的稳步提高。

3.现代教师加强形象塑造与礼仪修养是维护教师整体形象的有效途径。在素质教育、基础教育、新课程改革的教育思想和教育观念日益深入人心的形势下, 多数教师已开始自觉重视自身素质的提高, 对加强教师形象塑造与礼仪修养的重要性也有一定认识。但由于某些主客观原因的影响, 在一些教师尤其是青年教师中, 仍经常发生损害教师职业形象、背离教师职业道德的不文明现象, 表现在:个人形象过于随意;随意对学生说粗话、脏话, 甚至侮辱学生人格;公共场合不注重自己的言行举止;甚至有随意体罚学生或性侵学生等行为, 导致学生身心受到严重伤害, 在学生家长中和社会上造成极为恶劣的影响, 但一粒老鼠屎坏掉一锅粥的教训是应当引起我们重视的。为此, 现代教师都必须自觉加强自身的形象塑造与礼仪修养, 自觉地避免形象不佳、行为失范的现象, 有效地维护教师整体的良好形象。

4.现代教师加强形象塑造与礼仪修养是推动精神文明建设的动力源泉。礼仪不仅体现个人文明修养程度, 而且是社会文明的重要标志, 是构成社会精神文明的基本要素。中共中央颁布的《公民道德建设实施纲要》中指出:“在全社会大力倡导‘爱国守法、明礼诚信、团结友善、勤俭自强、敬业奉献’的基本道德规范, 努力提高公民道德素质, 促进人的全面发展, 培养一代又一代有理想、有道德、有文化、有纪律的社会主义公民。”可见各级各类学校教师的为人师表、行为楷模对社会文明的影响是巨大的, 加强教师的形象塑造与礼仪修养是推动社会主义精神文明建设的强大动力源泉。

二、现代教师形象塑造与礼仪修养的现状及原因分析

如上所述, 现代教师的形象塑造与礼仪修养仍存在很多缺失, 一些青年教师不修边幅、不知礼守礼、不遵守社会公德、不坚守职业道德、不恪守家庭美德的现象仍频频发生。从客观原因上说是受社会上信仰迷茫、信念模糊、道德滑坡、金钱至上、人情冷漠、言行失范等不良行为的影响;此外, 还有长期以来我们对教师职业道德教育和礼仪修养教育的忽视。教育无小事, 教师无小节。礼仪是教师必备的基本素质, 与其教学艺术、教学风格的形成密切相关, 事关教师个人的专业成长与学生的全面发展, 理应引起我们的高度重视。然而令人遗憾的是, 在教师教育中, 这一点我们是做得不够的。先不说随着高校扩招及就业压力的增大, 越来越多的非师范专业的毕业生进入教师行业, 他们在校期间缺乏系统的教师素质和教师礼仪培养已是一个不争的事实;就是师范专业毕业的学生, 在现行的存在重知识、轻能力, 重理论、轻实践, 重专业知识、轻礼仪修养等弊端的师范教育体制下, 缺乏自觉的形象塑造与礼仪修养也就不可避免了。即使在教师的职后继续教育培训方面, 也存在着重教学技能技法轻教师礼仪修养的问题。从主观原因方面分析则是我们的部分教师在认识上有很大的片面性和轻视性。长期以来, 我们的一些教师和师范生一直信奉“腹有诗书气自华”的教条。殊不知, 这是一个多么偏颇而又不切合实际的看法。笔者在与青年教师的交往中经常听到一些年轻的教师这样抱怨:为什么我学历那么高却得不到学生的认可?为什么我能力那么突出却得不到领导的重用?为什么我与单位同事总是格格不入?他们不知道这其实就是缺乏良好的礼仪修养所造成的, 这一点恰恰印证了教师的鼻祖———孔子说过的名言:“不学礼, 无以立。”他们不知道教养决定一个人的成功, 细节决定一件事的成败, 不懂得自己的言谈举止、仪容仪表与将来所从事的职业的厉害关系, 没有端正自己的职业态度, 这一点也应引起我们重视。

三、现代教师加强形象塑造与礼仪修养的操作性

礼仪“易学难工”也是一个不争的事实, 教科书中所写的内容, 教师们和学生们都能看得懂, 但实际应用起来却不见得人人都能做到位。加上教师的形象塑造有一个从不自觉到自觉、从不规范到规范的过程, 礼节的运用有一个从不习惯做到自然运用的过程, 不是一学即成、一蹴而就的。因此, 加强教师形象塑造与礼仪修养是个复杂的系统工程, 具体来讲, 应做到以下几点:

1.提高思想认识, 树立角色意识。各级教育行政机关和各类学校应大张旗鼓地宣传加强教师形象塑造与礼仪修养的意义, 不断提高教师对“外塑形象, 内强素质”重要性的思想认识。教师礼仪课的教学和培训应从塑造教师个人形象入手, 联系教师的切身利益, 使每一个正在从事及将要从事教师职业的人真正懂得, 教师形象塑造与礼仪修养不仅是教师自尊自律的基本要求, 影响教师本身的事业发展及自我实现, 更是关系到受教育者的健康成长、关系到国家和民族的文明程度。同时让广大教师明确自己的角色定位, 时刻注意自己的仪容、仪表、仪态, 强化教师自觉塑造形象和知礼守礼的意识。

2.明确教学重点, 改进教学方法。在优秀教材匮乏、授课时数不足、专业教师紧缺的情况下, 要提高教师礼仪课的教学质量和培训效果, 需要对教学重点予以明确。笔者从事教师礼仪课的教学和培训多年, 总结和概括出现代教师加强形象塑造与礼仪修养的六大重点教学内容: (1) 提高素质美———具备崇高而全面的教师素质; (2) 保持仪态美———培养谦虚而恭敬的教师风度; (3) 注重仪表美———选择整洁而大方的教师装束; (4) 推崇行为美———塑造优雅而得体的教师举止; (5) 强调语言美———讲究文明而礼貌的教师语言; (6) 提倡交际美———掌握规范而适度的教师礼节。同时, 不断改进教学方法, 提高课堂教学质量;还积极运用计算机房、多媒体教室、微格教室、实训室等教学场所, 充分利用多媒体课件、音像资料和互联网等现代教育技术手段, 丰富教师礼仪课的教学与培训。

3.强化全民意识, 营造良好环境。教师的形象塑造与礼仪修养不是单靠教师自身能完成的, 还要强化全民意识, 弘扬全社会“尊师重教”的优良传统。因为研究表明, 具有良好的社会支持的个体会有比较高的主观幸福感和积极乐观情感。当全社会都来充分尊重和肯定教师职业, 并通过政策倾斜维护及保障教师的权益, 提高教师的社会地位和经济地位, 同时, 给教师创造一个和谐快乐的人文环境时, 教师就会有很强的职业自豪感和工作满意度, 就会形成比较高的职业荣誉感和幸福感, 就会把教师形象塑造与礼仪修养内化为自己内心的信念, 成为教师践行礼仪行为的内在动力, 驱使教师更加自觉地履行传道授业解惑的重任, 更好地去完成教育育人的神圣使命。此外, 学校也要积极营造充满人文色彩、自然和谐、清洁优美、令人自律的良好礼仪环境。如在教室、楼梯、走廊等地方张贴文明礼貌用语、宣传标语等, 在一些重要入口处安放一面镜子, 让师生随时注意整理自己的仪表等。

总而言之, 人们对现代教师的形象要求既要优秀, 更要优雅。因此, 加强形象塑造与礼仪修养应成为全社会的共识和现代教师的自觉行为。

摘要:教师被誉为人类灵魂的工程师。教师不仅是传授知识的导师, 而且是传承文明的智者, 更是以身作则的楷模。教师的仪容仪表和举手投足都蕴含着教育的力量。一位教师违背礼仪规范所产生的严重后果和危害要远远大于一个普通人违背相同的规范。因此, 现代教师更应注重自己的形象塑造与礼仪修养。本文将结合笔者教授《现代教师礼仪》的体会, 谈谈现代教师加强形象塑造与礼仪修养的重要性与操作性。

关键词:现代教师,形象塑造,礼仪修养

参考文献

[1]刘红斌.试论高师院校教师礼仪素养的提升[J].学术月刊, 2013, (4) .

[2]李兴国.田亚丽.教师礼仪[M].华东师范大学出版社, 2006, (4) .

[3]张秉福.关于加强教师礼仪教育问题的思考[J].中国成人教育, 2006, (10) .

[4]邓坚阳.程雯.教师主观幸福感的影响因素及其增进策略[J].教育科学研究, 2009, (4) .

教师的形象与风格礼仪 篇3

一、《狂人日记》的“忧愤深广”

《狂人日记》的发表,恰好是十月革命胜利半年之后,五四运动爆发一年之前,作为中国新民主主义革命开端的五四革命精神,在这篇作品里体现得非常充分。毛泽东说过:“五四运动所进行的文化革命则是彻底的反封建文化的运动,自有中国历史以来,还没有过这样伟大而彻底的文化革命。”《狂人日记》就为这场文化革命吹响了号角,它是在五四前夕向封建主义宣战的檄文。作者说它“意在暴露家族制度和礼教的弊害。”他一语道出了小说的矛头指向:不仅指向封建制度,而且要求推翻整个封建制度的根基——封建宗法制度。作者通过狂人之口,喊出了一种前所未有的响亮的战斗的声音:几千年的封建制度是个吃人的制度,必须彻底摧毁!这是五四前夕的第一声春雷!

鲁迅自己说这篇《狂人日记》比果戈理的《狂人日记》要“忧愤深广”。鲁迅的作品在反封建方面要坚决彻底得多,他提出的不是任何个人遭遇的问题,而是要改变整个社会的问题。它触及的不是封建制度的枝枝节节,而是从根本上要求改变这个制度。如果说果戈理代表的是正在成长壮大但还有软弱性的俄国资产阶级的要求,那么鲁迅代表的是无产阶级领导的新的革命时代的中国人民大众的要求。鲁迅的《狂人日记》“忧愤深广”,是因为这里融入了鲁迅对中国几千年历史的真知灼见和对封建制度烈火般仇恨的感情。这是鲁迅作为文学家、思想家、革命家最深刻也是最敏锐的地方。

鲁迅的《狂人日记》之所以“忧愤深广”,具有强烈的战斗性和深刻的思想意义,还在于鲁迅从第一篇新小说,就提出了怎样启发农民群众的觉悟和防止下一代孩子们再受封建主义毒害的问题。《狂人日记》可以说是《呐喊》以至整个鲁迅小说创作的一篇“序言”。小说里说:“他们(即‘村人,农民)也有给知县打过枷的,也有给绅士掌过嘴的,也有给衙役占了他妻子的,也有老子娘被债主逼死的;他们那时侯的脸色,全没有昨天那么可怕,也没有这么凶。”这些被压迫农民在狂人面前脸色的“可怕”和“凶”,当然有着狂人自己的错觉,但这里显然表现了前期鲁迅作为一个启蒙思想家对被压迫者的基本态度,即“哀其不幸,怒其不争”。鲁迅对农民群众麻木不觉悟感到悲痛,希望被压迫农民起来斗争。对于孩子中毒的问题,鲁迅也借狂人之口提出来了,日记写到:“前面一伙小孩子,也在那里议论我:眼色也和赵贵翁一样,脸色也都铁青。我想我同孩子有什么仇,他也这样。”并回答说:这是“他娘老子教的”,作品最后发出了“救救孩子”的呼声。

鲁迅在《狂人日记》通过狂人直言无忌的性格,对反对封建统治者的丑恶嘴脸进行深刻的揭露,表现了强烈的战斗锋芒。作品揭露封建统治者伪善、耍两面派,“话中全是毒,笑中全是刀”,他们“讲道理的时候,不但唇边还抹着人油,而且心里装满吃人的意思”,他们“又想吃人,又是鬼鬼祟祟,想法子遮掩”,以便“没有杀人的罪名,又偿到了心愿”。作品揭露他们颠倒是非,混淆黑白,他们“做论”的手段是:见好人即骂,骂翻了再说:见坏人反而要“原谅几句”,这就是他们所谓的“翻天妙手,与众不同”。他们把起来造反的农民或者封建阶级中的叛逆者,说成“大恶人”,打死以后还“挖出他的心肝来,用油煎炒了吃”,给他们自己“壮壮胆子”。他们“狮子似的凶心,兔子似的怯弱,狐狸的狡猾。”所有这些象征性深刻尖锐的揭露,对于反动封建势力,都有真切的概括意义。

鲁迅在《狂人日记》里,提出了“将来容不得人吃人”这个新的社会理想,为中国和人类前途发出了热情的呼吁。这意味着作者憧憬的未来社会是彻底消灭了人剥削人、人压迫人制度的一种崭新的社会。尽管当时还有点朦胧,带点空想的色彩,它却是中国革命从资产阶级领导的旧民主主义阶段跨越到无产阶级领导的新民主主义阶段在鲁迅作品中留下的一个鲜明的印记。

二、《狂人日记》中的狂人形象

《狂人日记》这种深刻的思想性,是通过狂人的形象,通过狂人写日记的方式来得到成功的艺术体现的。因此,怎样理解狂人的形象,就成为了解作品思想风格的一个重要问题。狂人究竟是怎样一个人?是真狂人,还是假狂人?是普普通通的狂人,还是发了狂的战士?这关系到对作品中许多内容的正确理解。这篇小说开头,作者故意用文言文以第一人称写了一个小序,交代日记的来历,据小序中“余”的介绍,书名所以叫做《狂人日记》,是病者“本人愈后所题”。可见,作者确实将自己的主人公作为真的狂人来设计的。小序还说,“余”读病者日记,“知所患盖‘迫害狂之类”;这就进一步表明,鲁迅心目中的主人公,不但是个狂人,而且连患哪一种病症都非常明确具体。如果按照上述第一种意见,说狂并不真狂,只是别人误解了他,他本人完全是个清醒的战士的话,那么,这篇小说首先得改个名称,应该叫做《战士日记》,至少改做打着引号的《“狂人”日记》才行。狂人明明发了狂,狂人的心理活动,他的过敏、多疑、惊恐奇怪的联想,不正常的推理和错觉,这些不都十分符合一个“迫害狂”患者的精神状态和心理特点吗?比如:“没有月亮”,就认为“不妙”;看见别人张嘴朝他“一笑”,就认为不怀好意要吃他;街上妇女打自己的孩子说“咬你几口才出气”,他也大吃一惊,认为是针对他的;医生把脉,他理解为“揣一揣肥瘠”,认为医生是“刽子手扮的”,甚至连“赵家的狗看我两眼”也认为就是图谋“害我”……所有这些,能是一个正常人的思维活动吗?如果否认作品主人公是狂人,那就会连鲁迅煞费苦心,把疯子写得惟妙惟肖的地方都看不到了。鲁迅学过医,他懂得精神病患者的心理,因此是采用了严格的现实主义手法来描写这个狂人的,为了把小说主人公写成一个活生生的疯子形象,鲁迅特地在狂人的日记中故意写错一些字,记错一些事,以显示出狂人“语误”颇多。例如把徐锡麟写成“徐锡林”,把记载人肉可以治病的唐代陈藏器的《本草拾遗》错写成明代李时珍的《本草纲目》等等,鲁迅自己说过:“写《狂人日记》,所仰仗的全是先前看过的百来篇外国作品和一点医生上的知识”。可见认为狂人并不真狂,是完全不符作者的本意和作品的客观实际的!

有人分析《狂人日记》,把狂人看作是个完全清醒的无病的革命战士,将他的每句话都看作反映生活实际的真理。有人因为完全跟着狂人思考问题,就认为作品中除了狂人一人外,其他都是坏蛋。这种理解,表面上似乎强调狂人的反封建意义,实际上却贬低了作品的意义。因为,作者原意并不在于仅仅鞭挞几个人,而是要反对、攻击整个封建制度。所以作者写狂人对周围某些具体人是采取“劝转”的态度,而对吃人的制度是坚决否定的。明确了狂人确实是真狂而不是施加的诬称以后,我们可以进一步讨论他究竟是“普普通通的狂人”还是“发了狂的战士”,认为狂人就是一个普普

通通的狂人,主观上毫无反封建的思想。而且这种看法也是不符合作品实际的。按照作品所写,狂人对五四之前中国的黑暗现实是不满的、揭露的,对他大哥的为人态度是批评的。如日记中有这样一段:“他们一翻脸,.便说打上几圈:原谅坏人几句,他便说‘翻天妙手,与众不同。我哪里猜得到他们的心思……”可见狂人对他大哥的为人态度是批判的,对五四之前中国的黑暗现实是不满的、揭露的。在日记中,狂人还提出了“从来如此,便对么?”这个对旧传统大胆表示怀疑的重大问题。可见,狂人本身的思想就有一定的反封建色彩。作者借狂人的话有所寓意,也必须有一定的条件,即狂人本身确有某种哪怕是极为微弱的进步思想。如果狂人毫无反封建的思想,作者想要有所寓意也很困难。再有,狂人既是狂人,就不可能只看他是哪一种精神病患者,还要看患者处于发病较重还是发病较轻的时候。从医学上说,“迫害狂”病人是有某种思维能力的,他有感觉,能思考,只是有妄想和幻觉,判断、推理不正常。因此,不能完全排除在他发狂以后,原先的若干进步思想还可能以曲折的方式继续起某种作用。要是狂人不能有丝毫清楚的思维,那就连他写日记也该受到怀疑,整个作品的真实性就会被否定了。认为狂人是一个战士被折磨得发了狂,发了狂仍没有停止战斗,这个评价是否稍高了些?因为从作品的实际来看,我们可以感觉到狂人在发狂前有点民主主义思想,有反传统的倾向,可以说他是初步觉醒的封建家庭的叛逆者,但究竟有哪些行为证明他够得上是个战士呢?似乎不多。至于发疯后的许多言行,常常具有双关的性质,在疯子来说是疯言疯语,在读者来说又分明感觉到作者深刻的战斗寓意。如果完全把作者的寓意看成狂人在正常的神态下所具有的认识,那就容易把作者同狂人等同起来。

三、《狂人日记》的思想风格

这篇小说以狂人为主人公,是经过作者精心选择、精心设计、精心构思的。用短篇的篇幅把主题表现得如此重大,内容如此深广,年代又如此久远,实在是太不容易了。鲁迅匠心独运,选择一个在半封建社会中因受迫害而致精神失常的病人来做主人公,从独特的角度,揭露中国的封建社会。借助狂人那种奇特的跳跃式思维活动,只用了大约七千字的篇幅,就凝练而出色地完成了几乎一个中篇都很难完成的任务,实现了深刻的思想内容和完美的艺术形式的统一。“迫害狂”患者常有受人迫害的幻觉,这就便于作者通过狂人的感觉,有力地揭露千百年来封建制度、封建礼教吃人的罪行。作品中狂人的心理状态与独特思路,被刻画得极为细致真切,惟妙惟肖。譬如,狂人从“赵家的狗,何以看我两眼”,感到凶险和惊恐;从街上的女人“咬你几口”的话和狼子村遭荒吃人的消息,想到“他们的牙齿,全是白厉厉的排着,这就是吃人的家伙”:从现实中吃人的现象又联想到要翻阅历史,于是发现史书中的字缝里满是写着“吃人”二字……这样一条条奇特跳跃式的思路,对正常人来说是荒诞不经的,然而在这个特定的“迫害狂”病人身上,又是入情入理的。作者以病人原有的进步思想为根据,并使用许多含意双关的语言,寄寓了丰富深刻的战斗内容,如日记中“才知道以前的三十多年,全是发昏”这句话,本是狂人这天晚上看到“很好的月光”之后悟出的感想,虽然是一句疯话,但又真切地表现了新时代初步觉醒者兴奋的心情,因而能激起五四时代许多青年的极大共鸣。

这篇作品是采取日记的体裁,全篇只是狂人的十几则日记,用狂人自白的口吻来写的。采取这种艺术形式,同作者设计有关。日记体裁,正好便于狂人尽情地倾吐自己的内心感受,也是作品愤怒控诉封建制度和礼教的主题需要得到的最适应、最大程度的满足。作品中使用的一些比喻和象征性的语言很有特色,概括了作者长期研究社会历史所得到的精辟见解,含义丰富,耐人思索。体现了鲁迅作为文学家、思想家和革命家的独特深沉的思想风格。

教师的形象与风格礼仪 篇4

谈起个人的形象与礼仪,就不得不从个人的气质特征说起,

因为,心理学告诉我们:礼仪形象往往是一个人内在气质的外在表现。在社会交往与公关活动中,如何塑造自己的礼仪形象,也得首先分析礼仪的气质特征,从培养良好的内在气质入手。

气质及其类型:

气质的含义

气质是一个心理学的名词。所谓气质指的是一个人心理活动的动态性特征。气质使每一个人的心理活动都染上一种色彩。它不仅表现在人的情感活动的强弱、快慢、隐现和意志行动的力量、速度上,而且表现在思维的灵活或迟滞上。

气质的类型

早在公元前5 世纪,古希腊著名医生希波克拉底就观察到人有不同的气质。他认为人体内有四种体液,即血液、粘液、黄胆汁和黑胆汁。人的气质取决于四种体液匀称比例被破坏的情况。后来古医学家根据不同体液在人体中所占比例的不同,把气质分为四种基本类型:多血质、胆汁质、粘液质、抑郁质。古代学者用以解释气质类型的学说虽然缺乏科学依据,但他们通过日常观察所概括出的四种气质类型及其特征却有一定的典型性,因而他们所使用的四种气质类型名称也流传至今并为许多学者所认同。根据心理学家的观察,四种气质类型的特征大体如下:

多血质:性情活跃,反应敏捷,善于交际,但注意力和情感容易转移,往往有轻率之举。

胆汁质:直爽热情,精力旺盛,但情绪容易激动,往往急躁,易怒。

粘液质:安静沉稳,反应缓慢,自制力强,但偏固执、淡漠。

抑郁质:体验深沉,观察细致敏感,但性情孤僻,反应迟缓,且柔弱易倦,往往是多愁善感的人。

气质固然与内分泌腺活动有关,但最主要的还是取决于人的高级神经活动类型。近代俄国心理学家巴甫洛夫用条件反射方法发现高级神经活动的两种基本过程“兴奋与抑制” ,具有三种基本特性:强度性、平衡性、灵活性。巴甫洛夫认为,这三种特性的不同结合构成高级神经活动的不同类型,最常见的有四种类型,与传统气质理论所说的四种气质类型相当。它们是:

强而不平衡的兴奋型(兴奋强、抑制弱) ,相当于胆汁质;强而平衡的活泼型(兴奋、抑制平衡,转换灵活) ,相当于多血质;强而平衡的安静型(兴奋、抑制平衡,但不易转换) ,相当于粘液质;弱型或抑制型(兴奋和抑制的程度都弱) ,相当于抑郁质。

正确的气质观:

不少人了解了气质及其类型,往往简单地对号入座,并据此判定一个人气质的好坏。其实,这种看法似是而非。感知人应有正确的气质观。

气质类型无好坏之分

人的气质是在神经活动类型的基础上形成的稳定的心理特征,实质上是神经类型特征在人的行为上的表现。它只表明人的心理活动动态性方面的差异,而不表明人的性格的优劣。其实,每一种气质类型都有其积极的一面和消极的一面,具有两重性,不应笼统地把一种气质类型评价为好的,把另一种气质类型评价为坏的。例如,多血质的人情感丰富,灵活敏捷,有同情心,容易适应新环境,但注意力不够集中,兴趣容易转移,做事轻浮;胆汁质的人可能成为热情、爽朗、精力旺盛及有进取心的人,也可能成为性情急躁、鲁莽粗暴、办事毛手毛脚的人;粘液质的人有稳重、冷静、坚毅、实干的长处,但又有冷淡、固执与拖拉的弱点;抑郁质的人多疑、怯懦,缺乏自信,但情感比较细腻,做事审慎小心,观察力敏锐。可见,在任何一种气质的基础上都可能培养好的品质,也可能养成不良的习惯,

关键在于每个人自己要了解本身的气质特征,有意识地扬长避短,使自己具有良好的心态和行为表现。

气质不能决定一个人活动的社会价值和成就的大小

实践证明,气质类型不同的人都可能对社会做出重大贡献,都可能成就自己的事业。例如俄国著名四大文豪的气质就有较大的差别,普希金具有明显的胆汁质特征;赫尔岑基本属于多血质;克雷洛夫属粘液质;果戈理具有抑郁质特征。他们虽属于不同气质类型,但他们在文学方面都有很高的造诣。因此,可以说在现实生活中,任何一种气质类型的人都可以成为有成就的人,也可能成为一事无成的人。 上一篇:有损人格魅力的弱点 下一篇:做个让人一见难忘的人

多数人是混合型气质

在现实生活中,纯粹是某一类型气质的人毕竟是少数,而且由于人们的生活阅历、受教育程度、身体状况的不同和年龄的变化,其固有的气质特征还会发生不同变化,加之现代意识又给予气质更丰富的内涵,融进了相当浓厚的文化内容,并有文野、雅俗、土洋之别,因此,大多数人是混合型气质类型。

完善自身的内在气质

人的气质是在社会交往中显现出来的。在现实生活中,公关交际人员会接触到各种气质的人,有的人勇敢而坚定,给人以力量;有的人机智而沉着,给人以信心;有的人热情而富于同情心,使人感到温暖;有的人博学而谦虚,给人以智慧的启迪;有的人文雅而高洁,会使人忘掉庸俗习气;有的.人正直爽朗,心明如镜,使人感到心情开阔。这些人的美好气质和性格会给人一种特有的力量。相反,一些人的不良习惯,也会使人感到别扭和乏味。有不少人偏重于外部包装,而忽视甚至忘却了内在气质的培养。正如商品一样,徒有精美的包装,而没有可靠的内在质量,是不会赢得顾客真心喜欢的。诚然,美的容貌、入时的服饰、精心的打扮,都能给人以美感,但这种外表的美浅显而短暂,如天上的流星,倏忽即逝,而气质给人的美感则是不受年龄、服饰和打扮的制约的。

气质特性尽管是最稳定的一种心理特性,然而它仍然会受后天的影响而发生一定的变化,即具有可塑性。丽质可以天生,而气质却待培养,人在一定程度上是可以改变气质的某些特点,至于哪些会改变则因人而异。因此每个人都应了解自己的气质类型,并根据自己气质类型的特点,采取适宜的方式进行磨炼修养。良好的气质是可以通过长期的培养获得的。

良好的气质是以人的思想品质、文明程度和文化修养为基础的,同时还取决于他对生活的态度。因此,要培养良好的气质,就必须加强思想理论的学习和道德修养,树立正确的世界观和人生观;同时也要加强科学文化知识的学习,不断提高自己的文化水准。不论男性还是女性,真正而持久的美,往往表现在不俗的言谈举止中所流露出的内在的气质美,这是一种才识与素养的体现。否则,外表一流,胸无点墨,是很难具有高雅气质的。

良好的气质还表现在温文尔雅的性格上。要养成优良的性格,就要具体分析自身气质,注意涵养,磨炼意志,提高自我约束能力,忌怒、忌狂,克己让人,对人对事始终保持一种乐观心态。

高雅的兴趣也是良好气质的一种表现,如爱好文学、欣赏音乐、喜欢美术等等,是培养良好气质的重要途径。许多人注意接受文学艺术的熏陶,又用丰富的知识充实自己的内心世界,因而形成独具魅力的气质风度。

教师的形象与风格礼仪 篇5

1 Students’Cognitive Style

The idea of learning style comes from general psychology.It refers to the characteristic ways in which individual orientate to problem-solving.(Ellis,1994)Individual’s learning style is less flexible.

Cognitive style is an important part of learning style,which includes learning strategy.Learning strategy refers to a series o steps learners adopted to achieve learning goal.It is formed gradually in the long-term learning activity,which individual based on physiological characteristic is influenced by social environment and education,therefore,the factors if constituting learning style are physiology,psychology and society.Among them psychology includes cognitive,emotion and motivation etc.Cognitive is virtually the embodiment of one’s cognitive style in learning.Its manifestations are perception,attention,thought,memory which individual responds outside information stimulation and problem-solving.Contemporary cognitive psychology believes tha learning is the process of processing information,from this poin of view,cognitive style is learning style.Each learner’s cognitive style is unique and stable,teacher should analyses and researches every student’s cognitive style,work out appropriate teaching style,teach them according to their aptitude in order to promote overall development of their quality.

One’s cognitive style generally operates in an unconscious manner,that is,while an individual may be aware of the outcome of the information processing process he or she is often unaware of the mental processes used to acquire,analyze,categorize store,and retrieve information in making decisions and solving problems.

In most situations,cognitive styles and learning styles are used interchangeably.Generally,cognitive styles are more related to theoretical or academic research,while learning styles are more related to practical applications.A major difference between these two terms is the number of style elements involved.Specifically,cognitive styles are more related to a bipolar dimension while learning styles are not necessarily either/or extremes.Cognitive/learning styles measures conventionally lie somewhere between aptitude measures and personality measures.

Field refers to the situation surrounding,which can influence people’s perception in varying extent.Field independent and field dependent are a group of cognitive styles which are divided in terms of the extent influenced by situation.Field independent is that individual depends on the internal referents in his or her own life space and from his or her point of view to obtain knowledge and information.Field dependent is that individual relies on the external referents in environment surround him or her to define knowledge and information by external stimulation.The two categories of cognitive have obvious differences in contact with other people and in learning.Field independent people who like to be alone are less or not influenced by environment and their communicative ability is poor.On the contrary,field dependent people who are easy to be subject to environment utilize social referents to ensure their own attitude and action.They are interested in other people and good at communicate with others.With regards to special fondness for learning,the former have partiality for subjects have nothing to do with people like natural science,are used to individual research,thinking on one’s own and good at distinguish specific information from the whole.They are highly motivated and have strong ability to understand,analyze and infer.The latter is inclined to pay attention to subjects of interpersonal relationship such as the humane studies;they are sensitive to environment in the process of learning and good at social intercourse,take delight in studying with other people.

Wirkin,Oltman,Raskin and Karp suggested that in a field-dependent mode of perceiving,perception is strongly dominated by the overall organization of the surrounding field,and parts of the field are experienced as“fused”.In a field-independent mode of perceiving parts of the field are experienced as discrete from organized ground.(Ellis,1994)

As learner’s main characteristic,cognitive style is the key of successful teaching,teacher cannot neglect it and should have the knowledge and ability of psychological analysis,action and observing,adept to understanding cognitive style of different learners,similar with their study habits,investigate the adaptive extent of teaching and learning style,create the environment and condition which can be adapted to the characteristic of each learner in order to achieve the final teaching goal through making great efforts with teacher in the course of learning in appropriate speed and manner.

Any cognitive activity is an active construction of individual.In spite of the same teaching content,it is completely possible for different individuals to have different thinking process because of the difference on knowledge background and on the way of thinking.Thus it requires that teacher cannot only keep an eye on universal knowledge of general character,but should probe deeply into specific characteristic of every student.The more importan thing is that teacher should know that reasonable teaching method to a great extent is individualized instead of putting undue chase on unity.Cognitive style is not ability,but a favorite way in the process of using capacity.Their great match can create a superiority which results in surpassing the single cognitive style or ability.Therefore,the differences of cognitive style and ability should be taken into account in teaching activity.It is impossible for individual to have an only one cognitive style,they often have more style.With the change of tasks and situation,cognitive style individual showed is changing,the style they showed in a place and at a time is not absolutely worthy in different place and at different time.Teacher should adopt a correct attitude towards value of many styles.Cognitive style is not mutable,and it can be acquired through studying.

The application of modern educational technology allows tha teacher can teach students in multi-model way according to different situation.Field-independent learner adepts to study alone likes to initiate new things.Teacher should let them to make a thorough study to the problems they concerned in a space of free exploration which is created in modern technology in a manner they liked,or design the circumstances to create the condition for developing initiative education.Collective instruction can be combined with study on them own through digital network system.In the classroom teaching,students who have different cognitive style,motivation,interest and aptitude are allowed to separate themselves from the whole teaching framework in order to utilize their power to make their own decisions to do things they want to do and go back to the state of classroom.Information technology provides an alternate learning environment,teacher and students can communicate a wide range of subjects,give feedback promptly,adjust the center for the classroom at all times to change the role each other to make students take an active part in learning and explore rather than passive receive.At the same time,it is also favorable for teacher to engage in emotion education.The efficiency of study of the field-independent and the field-dependen learner are not obvious different in the active and intensive condition,however,the study efficient of the field-dependent learner is decreased obviously.The thought and exploration that is differen from the common run is not go on successfully and often fail Teacher can encourages and guides him in time to help him to strengthen his self-confidence and avoid detours.Teacher’s respect and love to students are the important factors of success in education supported by information technology.

Cognitive style of learner is also a changeable dimension The learner who shows highly independent in a field may be dependent in another field.Most learners’cognitive style is not extreme,some of them can change his or her style in order to adap to different tasks.Meanwhile,any cognitive style will not be suitable for studying all knowledge,if learners adhere to one cognitive style in learning,they must be failure in some subjects which are unsuitable for themselves.Individual’s cognitive style is a habit;postnatal experiences and training have a great impact on it.The formation of cognitive style is influenced by society and education.The common social culture may cause a kind of general character in the same nation,class and group.We can find that Chinese traditional education lays special emphasis on the development of groups;people nurtured are lack of independent character and are dependent on the group and others.

When learners are aware of the matching relationship between characteristic of cognitive style and requirement of learning tasks,they will make efforts actively.A learner who has learning strategy at least can be conscious of his or her type of aptitude,know that complete study tasks requires different ways,and can adopt different learning way and strategy.Cognitive style is a way of studying which learner favorite unconsciously.Learning strategy is flexible,planned and can be did as the changing circumstances demand according to specific learning tasks.Only when teacher gives directions to students,can they fully understand themselves and maximize favorable factors and minimize unfavorable ones.While students have the awareness of learning strategy and understand their own study habits and their advantages and disadvantages,they will adjust actively.It means that they have learned how to study.Teaching activities are extreme complex,people’s research on cognitive style reflects individualism in cognitive activity,thus supply the overall development of students’quality with new vision.

2 Teaching Style

Teaching style is unique combination and manifestation of effective teaching thought,teaching skills and teaching way,which forms gradually in the long-term teaching practice.It is a symbol of stable state of specific character of teaching.The essential feature of cognitive style is its uniqueness which shows in many aspects such as distinctive teaching language,teaching method,teaching manner and teaching resource etc.

The formation of teaching style is very complicated,but it is not mysterious.The factors of influencing and restricting the formation of teaching style can be divided into internal factors and external ones.Internal factors are cognitive level,quality of thought and specific character.External factors are environment of teaching and learning,structure of course,system,teaching materials and teaching subjects and so on.The formation of teaching style is the result of mutual connection and promoting the development each other.External factors are the condition of forming teaching style;internal factors are the foundation of forming teaching style.In the course of forming teaching style,subjective initiative of teacher is the most active element for forming teaching style,which drives and effects many factors of forming teaching style,promotes teacher to remake teaching circumstances and conditions actively in order to continuous advance towards mature in teaching practice.

With regard to the formation of teaching style,we should synthesize objective and subjective,social and individual factors.From the point of subjective view,firstly,teachers’special living situation,social status,life experiences and cultural education they gained not only shape their characteristic,qualities,world outlook,but form their artistic view,artistic inclination,artistic talent and artistic essential thoughts etc.All these decided the difference on teaching style.Secondly,teachers form the distinct character of grasping teaching content,shaping teaching figure,arranging teaching structure,using teaching language and showing teaching techniques through the long-term life experience and teaching practice.Thirdly,teachers’different psychological qualities also will be shown by teaching,which becomes an aspect that cannot be neglected of forming teaching style.From the point of objective view,the main objective causes of forming teaching style are the changes in society,spirit of age and social convention in a certain historical time.With no exception,each teacher belongs to a nation;national tradition also influences teaching style in many aspects.Teaching style is diversity and has the unity of time and national color.

Teaching style is not formed overnight,but the result of initiative long-term labor of teachers.It embodies teachers’aesthetic ideal and ingenuity of artistic practice of teaching.However,teaching style has a process of engendering,forming,developing and changing,which is not solid or static.It is an arduous teaching artistic practice for a long period from beginning teaching,being ripe gradually to forming finally unique teaching style.This process of development can be divided into the stage of imitating teaching,of independence teaching,of creative teaching and of having style teaching.These stages have their own features,their sequence cannot be reversed.They need necessary subjective and objective conditions from one stage to next stage.In this kind of sequence,there are more and more elements of creative,thus only when there is certain of accumulation of quantity,can change of quality be given rise to.Developing from one stage to another stage,teaching style is formed finally.

3 Matching Teaching Style with Cognitive Style

Teaching should pay attention to the appropriate match between students’cognitive style and teacher’s teaching style.It is the teachers’responsibility to suit their teaching style for students’cognitive style,because students may be self-centered and have little awareness to adjust their innate cognitive styles according to teachers’teaching style in the classroom.Effective matching between teaching styles and learning style can only be achieved when teachers are,first of all,aware of their learners’needs,capacities,potentials and learning style preferences in meeting these needs.In all academic classrooms,no matter what the subject matter,there will be students with multiple learning styles and students with a variety of major,minor and negative learning styles.An effective means of accommodating these learning styles is for teachers to change their own styles and strategies and provide a variety of activities to meet the needs of different learning styles.(Rao Zhenhui,2001)

Teaching is like a catalytic agent to form and improve learner’s cognitive style,but cannot change its essential feature.Constructuralism believes that everyone is an independent subjec and constructs the world in his or her own manner in the process of teaching.Only when teaching style and method match the style of learner’s learning and thinking can learner be more successful.Teacher should follow the sequence of individual psychological development to choice,compose,manage teaching goal,content and technique and suit the instruction to the student’s leve according to individual learning style,learning inclination in order to provide the opportunity for each student to show their special skill,elaborate enthusiasm and individual quality advantage of learner on different level,and put every student in the advantage of education.

Teacher may do the following steps at first so as to guide students to know their cognitive style and then observes and analyses their cognitive style.By classifying different cognitive style teacher can have an overview and adopts diversity teaching style rather than single one.Firstly,teacher should help students to understand the advantages and disadvantages of their cognitive style.Secondly,teacher should encourage students with differen cognitive style to compete.For example,cooperative learning based on the network and computer is the most concerned study model at present.It adopts that organizes students with differen style into groups,assigns tasks and divides up the work properly Each member follows a certain cooperative principle to cooperate and help one another.By doing this,students are helped to complete the complex intelligent tasks and increase their motivation It also promotes the interactive between teacher and students and is beneficial to develop students’comprehension ability Thirdly,teacher should develop students’metacognitive strategy“Give a man a fish and he eats for a day.Teach him how to fish and he eats for a lifetime.”By guiding students to apply metacognitive knowledge and metacognitive experience to learning,they can master learning strategy,adjust their own way to adapt different learning tasks.Fourthly,teacher should develop students a varied personalities and cooperative spirit in order to promote individual and society harmonious.All these works are the basis o effective matching.

Teacher can observe carefully students’psychological changes.Asking them whether they are Some typical behaviors which can be attributed to cognitive style are:

You feel uncomfortable when asked a question in an open meeting.After you respond,you spend a lot of time thinking about what you should have said.

In discussing problems in a meeting,one group member gets upset and storms out of the room,yelling all the way.

After analyzing a group of job candidates against the advertised criteria for selection,you are uncomfortable with the top ranked candidate and actually offer the position to the third ranked candidate.

You find yourself getting upset when a professor does not follow the syllabus.

Professor B seems to jump from one topic to another and from one example to another.You do not see the connection,but to some in the class,he makes perfect sense.

After working on a project in a meeting,the leader of the team adjourns the meeting stating the she is happy that group has developed a workable plan.You feel uncomfortable because,from your perspective,the plan contains only broad policy statements and the operational issues have not been worked out.

Teacher should provide a teaching method which can match the cognitive style according to the understanding of students’cognitive style.When they match well,it will be beneficial to enhance students’performance.

4 Conclusion

In this thesis I have discussed students’cognitive style,teachers’teaching style and the matching of these two elementswhich can make students to get twice the result with half the ef-fort on study in the classroom.It is so necessary for teacher tocreate relax and harmonious environment and understand the dif-ferences and similarities of students’cognitive style in order toinstruct them alternatively.Teacher should develop more teachingstyle to match students’cognitive style.By doing this it reflects anew educational idea of learner-centered which meets the require-ment of quality education.

摘要:认知风格是学习风格中的一种形式,是使学生学有所成的关键因素。而教师的教学风格亦是成功教学的标志。两者的完美匹配会使教育质量大步提升。

关键词:认知风格,教学风格,匹配

参考文献

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多元智能与教师教学风格的研究 篇6

新的时代形势下,一所学校要有所发展,只有培育出一批有独特教学风格的优秀教师,并由他们推广开来,才能打造出有特色的名校,为推动社会建设构建坚实的基础。所谓教学风格,即教师在具体教学过程中所独有的授课特点与课堂魅力,是教师在不断尝试、发展、创新过程中所形成的教学艺术的总和,是一个学校生命力的彰显。在多年的教育工作过程中,我深入钻研了多元智能理论,并将之与教师教学风格的形成与发展紧密联系起来,相互补充,形成一套教育理论。下面,我就自己在这方面的研究成果与大家分享,不足之处,敬请谅解。

一、教学风格形成的基本规律

(一)实践性和长期性

教学风格的形成需要一个产生、发展、完善、成熟的过程,它要求教师在具体的教学实践中不断总结、发展、创新,由实践升华到理论层面,再由理论指导自己的教学实践,在长期的不断交融中逐步形成。

(二)个性和共性

共性指教学时应遵循的教学规律、原则和方法。个性指教师在教学过程中,秉承基本的教学规律、原则和方法的基础上,融入了自己在性格、语言、模式等方面的特点,如智慧型、情感型、幽默型和自然型等,形成个性鲜明的教学特点。

(三)稳定性

在长期的教学实践中,教师的教学风格一旦形成,在一定时期内就具有一定的稳定性。当然,稳定并不代表僵化,吃老本,只要教师有一颗追求上进,勇于创新的心,就会在不断的发展演变中逐步完善。

教学风格是在发展中形成的,也是在发展中完善的。教学风格的稳定性是相对的,发展性是绝对的。

二、影响教学风格形成的因素

影响教师教学风格形成的因素包括:思想观点、个性特点、思维方式、道德情感、学识修养、审美情趣、生活经历、方法技巧、学段学科、学校环境、性别教龄、师生关系……教师教学风格的形成因素同其他事物一样,是许多规定的综合,因而是多样性的统一。教学过程的复杂性决定了教师教学风格形成因素的多样性。在教学的整体过程中,形成教学风格的诸因素既相互区别,亦相互联系,是一个多层次多因素的整体系统。根据现代教育学有关理论,将形成教学风格的诸多因素进行系统综合,可以把影响教师教学风格的因素分为文化因素、心理因素、主观能动因素和外部因素。文化因素和心理因素作为教学风格构成的基础因素,是形成教学风格的根基;主观能动因素和外界因素则对教学风格的形成和发展有着促进或抑制作用。

三、在实践中探索出形成风格的有效方法与途径

(一)夯实教师专业基础

1.教师要树立终生学习的人生理念。随着时代发展的嬗变,社会变化一日千里,仅凭自己在学生时代所学的知识基础是远不能适应社会的飞速发展的。我们教师要学习专业知识,学习教育理念,了解社会形势,跟上时代步伐。如当前的“生本课堂”教学模式与理论,如电教媒体等设备技术等等。

2.教师要养成不断反思的良好习惯。我们知道,机械操作与重复实践对于教师风格的形成不但无益,还会因单一的工作模式影响教师的工作激情与创新动力,而不断反思的习惯则是有效抑制教师职业懈怠的一剂良药。在具体的教学过程中,教师要不断反思自己的教育理想、教学理念、实践模式、进修程度等等,结合具体的乡土资源、学校学情,有利于形成积极进取、富有朝气、轻松高效的教学风格。

3.学校要为教师的个性展示提供平台。在教师个性形成的过程中,学校单位的影响与支持必不可少。学校可以定期举办诸如公开课竞赛,现场展示活动,经验交流沙龙等学术活动,让教师在开放、交融的环境中取长补短,相互学习,为良好的教学风格的形成提供一个平台。

(二)营造开放学术氛围

教师良好的教学风格的形成不会是一蹴而就的,它需要在点滴的教学实践与理论学习中逐步形成。这其中,他们会遇到挫折、困难与迷茫,也会产生放弃、迷茫的心理。这时,学校学术氛围是否浓郁就会对他们教学风格的形成产生一定的影响。学校不要计较于一时的成绩得失,升学率高低,更应着眼于学生的健康成长,教师的个性风格,学校的长远发展,营造开放的学术氛围,为教师良好的教学风格的形成提供一方沃土。

(三)用行动炼就风格

1.从模仿开始。模课——在学习中起步。模仿著名专家和学者,名家高手;模仿身边教师中学有专长、教有特色的教师。在学习中要求教师结合自己的实际教情与学情对别人的优秀教案或者优质课重新进行组织、整合与创新,借鉴吸收别人的养分,融入自己个人的智慧与独到的见解,达到“借智补智,借力使力”的目的。

2.从模到磨。磨课——在探索中磨炼。好课还需磨砺出。“磨课”,即:同一节课,课题组年轻教师先上成型课;在优秀、专家教师引领下进行反思,在平行班级上提高课;再次在优秀、专家教师引领下反思,上完善课。

3.从磨到悟。悟课——在创造中升华。个性化教学风格的实践不仅使每位教师形成了自己的教学风格,这项课题研究真正的受益者还是学生。

总之,学生在教师个性化教学的引导下,会发展各自的优势和特长,不拘泥于统一、规范化的要求。加强教师个性化教学风格的研究与实践,能促使每个学生的个性得到充分自由的发展。这方面,我们还任重而道远!

参考文献:

[1]王学兵.教师如何形成自己的教学风格[J].新课程学习,2011(5).

[2]刘中平.教师教学风格的形成途径[J].教书育人,2011(4).

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