大学英语四级高频词汇、短语及句型

大学英语四级高频词汇、短语及句型（通用5篇）

大学英语四级高频词汇、短语及句型 篇1

大学英语四级高频词汇、短语及句型集锦

a stack of 一堆，一摞，一叠 a wealth of 很多的

abrupt 突然的；意料之外的 absorb 吸收；吸引...的注意 academic performance 学习成绩 accuse 谴责，指控 accusation 指控，控告 advance 前进；增加 alert 警报

alternative 替代品；另类的 appear 看上去好像，似乎 Aristotle 亚里士多德 assembly 集会，集合

at hand 手头上的；需要马上处理的 at the expense of 以...为代价 attentively 专注地；热切地 attribute to 把...归因于 bacon 腊肉 bake 烘，烤

bake...into 纳入，合并

be entitled to 有权；有...的资格 be tied up with=be busy with bear sth in mind 将…牢记心间 beverage 饮料

biased 有偏见的；结果偏倚的 billion 十亿

blade 刀刃，刀片 bless 祝福；保佑 block 一块，一段 bloom 果树的花 blossom 观赏的花 boost 提升；鼓舞

box office 票房收入；售票处 branch 分支 breeze 微风 brew 酿造

brief 短暂的；简略的 bubble 气泡，泡沫

build up from nothing=start from scratch 白手起家

bullet 子弹

bump 上下颠簸；碰撞；膨胀 burglar 窃贼 cable 电缆

calligraphy=handwriting 书法

catch oneself doing sth突然意识到自己在做...categorize 分类 ceiling 天花板

champagne（法国）香槟酒

chance of a lifetime 千载难逢的机会 Chances always favor those who are fully prepared 机会总是留给有充分准备的人 chill 寒冷；寒气 chilly 寒冷的

China’s reform and opening-up 中国的改革开放

chip 剪下；剪辑；夹住，扣住 clutter 杂乱；混乱；弄乱 cognitive 认知的

collapse 倒塌；衰退；病倒；崩溃 column 专栏；圆柱 columnist 专栏作家

come into being 出现，产生，存在 come into vogue 流行起来 comforter 被子 commercial 商业的 commit 犯（罪）；致力于 commitment 承诺；忠诚 comparable 比得上的 compel 强波，使不得不 compelling 引人注目的

complement 补充物，衬托物 comprehensive 综合的 confront（+with）面对 consensus 一致同意 controversy 争议 conventional 传统的

correspond 通信；一致，相符合 council 委员会

count on 依赖，指望 counter 计算器；柜台；（棋盘游戏的）筹码 countless 无数的

cover the expenses of 支付...的费用 crack 破解（难题，密码）；破裂 cracker 薄脆饼干 anticipate 预期，预料 credit 学分

crucial 重要的；决定性的 curb 路边

curl 盘绕，缠绕 curler 卷发夹

curse 祸害；诅咒，咒骂 damp 潮湿的

dampen 抑制；使…沮丧 define 确定，界定 definitely 一定 democratic 民主的

demonstrate 证明；展示；示威 depict 描绘

depress 使沮丧，使萧条 device 装置，设备；策略 devise 遗赠；设计，发明 dialect 方言 dig 挖掘

diligent 勤奋的 diner 小餐馆

diploma 毕业/学业证书；奖状 diplomatic 外交的

1/4 direct 直接的

disguise 掩饰，假扮

display 陈列，展览；显示；炫耀 distinguished 杰出的，独特的 domesticate 驯养

dramatic 剧烈的，显著的 dried 干燥的，干涸的

dump 倾倒；抛弃，丢弃；抛售；抛卸；垃圾场；军需供应站 dustbin 垃圾桶

economic 紧急实惠的 eel 鳗鱼，鳝

eliminate 消除，排除 emission 排放 employee 雇员 employee 雇主

encounter 偶遇，邂逅；遭遇 enroll 使加入；注册，登记 entrepreneur 企业家 essence 精髓，精华

essential 必要的；本质的 estate 房地产

exceed 超过，超越 excel 擅长（+in/at）；优于，超过 excellent 极好的，优秀的

exclusive 排斥；排外的；专门的；独家新闻 excursion 远足；短途旅游 executive 总经理；行政领导；执行的（CEO）exert 发挥；运用；尽（力）；施加 exert an influence on...exploit 利用；开拓，挖掘；剥削 exposure 暴露；曝光

extend one’s sincere gratitude to 向…表达某人诚挚的感谢之情 exterior 外部的 facility 天赋，才能 fascinate 吸引 fatigue 疲劳

feasible 可行的，可能的 finance 财政，金融

first-class=leading 一流的 fleet 船队，车队，机群 flour 面粉

flow 流动（v.&n.）；流传，传播 for sale 待售的 fossil fuel 化石燃料 foster interests 培养兴趣 frontier 前沿；边界

fundamentally 根本地，基础地

generate 生育；引起，造成，导致，促进 give rise to 引起，导致 give 让步，提供

gossip 流言蜚语，谣言；闲谈 govern 治理；管理；统治；支配 grace 优雅；慈悲

grant 授予；允许，同意 grip=grasp 紧握住

guideline 指导方针，准则 timeless 永恒的

hang up 挂起（衣服）；挂断电话 harvest（庄稼）收获 hated 令人憎恨的 haul 拖拉

hinder 阻碍，妨碍；后面的 Holland 荷兰

hollow 空的；凹陷的；窟窿

humanity 人类；人性；人文学科 hut 棚屋，茅舍

identical 完全相同的，同一的 identify 确定，确认，识别 identity 身份

ignorant 愚昧无知的 illustrate 阐明；图解 illustration 插图 immense 巨大的

implicit/underlying 含蓄的，深层的 impose 强制实施，施加

in essence 本质上，大体上；其实

in terms of 就...来说；关于...；在...方面 in token of 作为...的象征 Inc（incorporation）公司 incoming 进来的 index 索引

index finger 食指 inevitable 不可避免的

infant 初学者；婴儿，幼儿，未成年 inferior（superior）次的，差的 infrastructure 基础设施；公共建设 inherit 继承

innovation 创新；新发明 install 安装

instant noodles 方便面

instant 即刻的；即食的；速溶的 integrate with 与…结合在一起

integrate 整合，合并，使一体化；整体的 integrate...into 融入

intellectual 智力的；聪明的；知识分子 interest 利益；利息

interfere（+with）干预，妨碍，打扰 interior 内部的

interpretation 阐释，说明 intervention 干预

intimate 亲密的，私人的 investigation 调查，研究

irrational consumption 非理性消费 Jesus 耶稣

join hand 携手合作 junior 大三学生

keep back 抑制；隐瞒 leaf 叶子；人生

2/4 lean toward 偏向于… leap 跳跃；腾飞 lease 租约，租契

less than 一点也不，一点也没有 limp 软的；不强壮地；（因腿受伤）跛行 literacy rate 识字率 literature 文学（作品），文献 livelihood 生计 logical 合乎逻辑的 loyal 忠诚的 lump 膨胀

luxury奢侈（的）；奢侈品 magnificent 华丽的；高贵的 maintain 维修

make time for 为...腾出时间 Mandarin 普通话 margin 边缘

matchmaking 做媒（牵线搭桥）mayor 市长

mechanic 技工，机修工；手工的 Mediterranean 地中海 merit 值得，应得；功德

migrant workers 流动工人；农民工 migrant 候鸟；移民 Millennium 千禧一代 mind-set 心态；思维模式 minimal 微小的，极少的 mobility 移动性 muscle 肌肉

mutually 相互地；彼此 nail down 确定，明确 narrative 故事，记叙文 nightmare 噩梦

Not until that time did I realize how important I am in your heart.obligation 债务；义务，责任；证券；契约；恩惠

occupation 职业，行业 ocean liner 远洋客轮 odd 奇数的；古怪的 odds 概率，可能性

on the side of 站在…的立场

One can’t make bricks without straw.巧妇难为无米之炊

outdated 过时的 outlet 出口，出路

outperform 胜过，做得比...好 outweigh 比…更重要；超出

overtake（=go beyond）赶上；超越；超车；突然袭击 pants 裤子 paper 论文 passive 被动的 paste 膏；粘贴 peasant 农民

penalty 惩罚；死刑

perceive 理解；意识的；发觉，警觉 perception 知觉，观念 perceptive 感知的 perfume 香水；香气 permanently 永远地

perspective 观点，角度；远景 phase（月亮）盈亏；阶段；时机 pinch 一小撮；掐，捏，夹 pitch 程度，强度，高度 plague 蝗/鼠灾，瘟疫 Polish 波兰（人）的 populous 人口多的 post 张贴；发布 postpone 推迟

precisely 精确地；清晰地 predator 捕食者 pregnant 怀孕

procedure 程序；进程

productive 多产的；有效率的；有创造性的 productivity 生产力 proficient 能力，水平profound 深刻的

promise 承诺；有…的可能 proportion 比例

prospect 前景，希望；景色；勘探 pull oneself together 使振作起来 pumpkin 南瓜 purple 紫色的

radical 激进的；激进分子 random 任意地，随意地 raw 生的；未经加工的 reap 收割；收获

recession（经济）萧条 recreation 娱乐 recruit 雇佣，；招聘；动员；征募 reflect on 仔细思考

regard 就...而言，关于...；认为，看作 region 地区；范围；部位 relate 讲述

relatively 相当地；相对地 remains 残留物；遗址 renewal 更新；重建 reservation 保留；预订

resort 名胜；诉诸；求助（n.）；凭借（n.）respectively 各自地，分别地，依次地 restraint 控制，抑制；安全带

retailer 零售商 proverb 谚语

retrain 再教育，再训练 retreat 撤退；隐居处 reveal 揭露

revenue 财政收入（税收）；利益

reverse 改变；推翻；反转，扭转；倒退 rosy 玫瑰色的；乐观的；愉快的

3/4 rough 粗糙的；粗鲁的；未经加工的 roughly 大致上，粗略的 run into 碰撞，撞上 rust（铁）锈

sack 麻布袋；解雇

satisfied（指人）感到满意的

satisfying=satisfactory（指物）令人感到满意的

scholar 学者

scope 视野；范围 scrape 擦伤；刮除 script 剧本；手稿 secure 保证；保护 set 布置

shed 工棚，工房，库房；流出（+tears）sheet 床单；一张；纸 shiver 颤抖，哆嗦 slope 斜面，斜坡 so-called 所谓的 solution 溶剂

sophisticated 久经世故的；精密的；尖端的 sort 整理，分类

source 源泉；根源；水源 span 持续的时间；期间 resource 资源；财力

spark a heated discussion 引起激烈的讨论 special offer 特价 split 分开，分裂 spray 喷洒

stack 堆起，摞起 staple food 主食

staple 基本的，主要的 stereotype 刻板印象 stoop 俯身，弯腰

strain 拉紧；扭伤；使过度劳累；压力 strip（+off）剥去，除去，脱去 strive 努力，奋斗 struggle 努力，奋斗

stuff 填/塞满；东西；原料；让...吃饱 stuffed toys 毛绒玩具 submit 提交

subsequent 随后的 sufficient 充分的 suggest 表明，暗示

superficial 表面的；肤浅的 surge 激增，突然上涨：（情感的）突发，涌现

sustain 延续，维持，支撑；承担；忍受 terminal 终端；致命的；晚期的；终点站 the Communist Party 共产党 therapy 治疗；疗法

There is many reasons accounting for（解释，说明）...tip 诀窍；小费；尖端 tobacco 香烟，烟草

torture 折磨，使痛苦 toss 扔，掷，抛

tremendous 巨大的；极好的 trigger（扣）扳机；触发 tube 管子

ultimately 最终；根本 uneasy 不安的 upfront 预付地

Valentine’s Day 情人节 vanish 消失，突然不见

vary from person to person 因人而异 venture 冒险（事业）verification 验证，确认

vigorous 强有力的，强健的，精力充沛的 violation 侵犯；违反

virtual（计算机）虚拟的；实际上的 virtue 优点；美德 virus 病毒

vision 视力；眼力；想象；美景 visual 视觉的，视力的 vogue 时尚（的），流行（的）voyage 航行；航程

vulnerable 易受伤害的，有弱点的 walker 助步车

whereas 然而；鉴于；反之 wire 电线，金属丝 wireless 无线电（的）

With/in regard to 就...而言，至于，关于 wrap up 拆开（包裹）

Yogi 瑜伽师（yoga 瑜伽）

4/4

大学生英语高频词汇习得现状研究 篇2

关键词：高频词汇

习得大学生

一、前言

Nation(1990)把词汇划分为高频词和低频词。高频词也被称为常用词。高频词在英语词汇中占有很少的比例，但却在大部分话语中出现。如果英语学习者能够掌握所有54000个词汇中常用的3000～5000的词汇，她们就能够完成基本的阅读任务。Nation(1997)更认为英语学习者一旦掌握了3000个高频词汇，他们就能够理解大部分的语言和文本材料。桂诗春(2006)认为高频词中的前3000词覆盖了84％的文本，而其中的前1000词覆盖了72％的文本。国内外的研究者们已经充分认识到高频词汇的重要性，他们围绕高频词汇展开了大量的研究。

国外研究者们发现词汇频率是影响词汇习得的重要因素。Forsterand Chambers(1973)从Brown数据库中挑选了30个单词，其中15个单词的平均频率为199/1000000，其他15个的平均频率为1/1000000。他们进行了一个反应时间实验，发现高频词汇的习得时间比低频词汇快71MS。Rayner and Duffy(1986)发现词汇频率明显影响了阅读时眼睛在阅读内容上的停留时间。然而也有一些研究者认为词汇频率只影响开放类词，不影响封闭类词汇．虽然研究者们对词汇频率与词汇习得的关系有不同的看法，但是他们一致认为词汇频率对词汇习得有很大的影响。国内的研究者们也围绕高频词汇展开了一些研究。何华清，陈文存(2008)调查了非英语专业大学生的英语高频词汇水平。刘天平(2009)认为大学生的高频词汇掌握程度与他们的英语水平息息相关。苗丽霞(2010)认为学习者的高频词汇水平发展得非常缓慢。本研究在已有高频词汇研究的基础上，进一步探索大学生高频词汇的习得现状，找出出其中的问题及诱因，然后提出一些改善措施。

二、高频词汇测试结果分析

本研究测试了湖南某大学共120名学生，测试工具为词汇产出性水平测试卷和词汇深度知识测试卷。词汇产出性水平测试卷来自魏静(2007)，词汇深度知识测试卷来自丁玲玲(2009)，两种问卷的效度均已经被测试。

词汇产出性测试的总分为30分，共15题，每题2分。要求被试在15分钟内完成，完全正确得2分，语法错误和拼写错误扣1分。词汇产出性水平测试题如下所示；I will take the next fli to Paris。

词汇深度知识测试的总分为60分，共15题，每题4分，词义、搭配、派生形式和搭配各占1分，要求被试在30分钟内完成。词汇深度知识测试题如下所示；

本研究使用了SPSSl7.0分析了所有的数据，数据分析结果如下表所示。

词汇产出性水平测试结果如表1所示，被测者的总分平均分为19.8321，也就是他们平均只能正确完成66.1％的测试题。语法错误平均分为0.9457，约占3.15％，拼写错误平均分为1.2748，约占4.25％。总分、语法错误及拼写错误的标准差分别为；3.42125，1.30237，

1.37251，被测者之间的差异较大。由此可见，大学生的高频词汇产出性水平并不令人满意，他们的高频词汇产出性知识还有待改善。

词汇深度知识测试结果如表2所示，被测者的总分平均分为34.6224，约为57.7％。词义、词性、派生形式及搭配的平均分分别为；8.9695，10.7561，7.3751，7.5606。转化为百分比分别为：59.8％，71.7％，49.2％，50.4％。总分、词义、词性、派生形式及搭配的标准差分别为：5.17291，1.52116，1.98721，1.72134，1.61012。

三、问卷结果分析

问卷主要包括了：学生对高频词汇的看法，学生的词汇学习习惯，学生的词汇学习方法这三个主要方面。问卷调查了参与测试的120名学生，以找出他们高频词汇习得中问题的诱因。问卷的数据分析结果如表3，表4，表5所示。

四、问题及诱因

通过分析学生的测试卷结果，我们发现高中生高频词汇习得中的问题主要有以下几个方面；学生对高频词汇的产出性知识掌握不牢固，学生的高频词汇深度知识不够全面，学生对高频词汇词义、词性、派生形式及搭配的掌握情况不尽人意。

由表1和表2的数据可知：120名被试者平均只能正确完成66.1％的测试题；而这些被试者深度知识总的正确率为57.7％。词义、词性、派生形式及搭配的正确率分别为：59.8％，71.7％，49.2％，50.4％。

而问卷调查的结果反映了学生高频词汇习得中问题的诱因。由表3可知，只有17.4％的学生非常了解高频词汇的定义；只有19.3％的学生充分地认识到了高频词汇的重要性。由表4可知，31.6％的学生通过死记硬背来记单词；只有16.3％的学生会复习已学过的单词。由表5可知，学生经常通过运用单词来学习单词的仅占16.4％；会经常重点学习重要单词的仅占15.3％；会经常归类单词的各种形式的仅占14.5％；会经常通过相关单词来学习单词的仅占19.4％；会经常通过字典学习单词的仅占17.4％。

由此可见，学生高频词汇习得中问题的诱因主要有：学生没有认识到高频词汇的重要性，对高频词汇不够重视；学生没有良好的高频词汇学习习惯，经常通过死记硬背学习单词，也很少主动复习已学的高频词汇；学生词汇学习方法单一，难以有效地促进高频词汇的习得。

五、改善措施

针对大学生高频词汇习得中的问题及诱因，我们提出以下改善措施。首先，我们应该改变大学生对高频词汇的认识，让他们从态度上重视高频词汇。学生对高频词汇的态度直接影响了其高频词汇的习得情况。如果学生足够重视高频词汇，他们便会主动去学习。就算在学习过程中遇到困难，也会尽全力去克服；但是如果他们忽视高频词汇，便很难在英语学习中重视高频词汇，一遇到困难便很难坚持下去。因此，教师应该充分强调高频词汇的重要性。告诉学生什么是高频词汇并适当地介绍国内外研究者对高频词汇的看法，这样非常有利于改变学生对高频词汇的认识。

其次，教师应帮助学习者改正不良的词汇学习习惯。通过死记硬背单词来学习词汇的习惯严重地阻碍了学生高频词汇水平的提高。而不对已学单词进行复习的习惯，则让学生的词汇量停留在原有的数量上。教师可以通过教给学生良好的词汇学习方法的方式，来改变学生不良的学习习惯。教师可以要求学生每隔两天对已学的词汇进行小复习，每隔一周通过周记的形式来复习该周所学的所有单词。

最后，教师应交给学习者一些好的词汇学习方法。教师可以让学习者通过运用单词来学习单词。具体的运用包括通过造句、阅读等方式在具体的英语学习中附带学习单词。同时，学习者也要学会分辨哪些是重点单词即高频词汇，从而对高频词汇的词义、词性、派生形式及搭配等各个方面进行重点学习。学习者在学习了一个新的高频单词后，要及时地对这个高频词汇的各种形式进行归类。学习者要充分重视英汉字典的作用，要学会合理地使用英汉字典。

总之，以上的三点改善措施是相辅相成的。在实际地应用中，教师应重视它们之间地相互影响，从而有效地改善学习者的高频词汇习得水平。

六、结语

大学英语四级高频词汇、短语及句型 篇3

be about to do 刚要,即将

be friends with 与...友好

bear in mind 记住

bring into effect 实行;使生效

bring into operation 实施;使生效

can not help 禁不住,忍不住

carry into effect 施行;使生效

cast light on/upon 阐明,使了解

catch fire 着火,烧着

catch one“s breath 喘气,松口气;屏息

catch one”s eye 引人注目

catch sight of 看到,发现

come into effect 生效;实施

come into operation 施行,实行,生效

come to one“s senses 醒悟;苏醒

come true 实现

could not help 禁不住,忍不住

cut short 中断,打断

do one”s best 尽力,努力

enjoy oneself 过得快活

fall in love with 爱 上

find fault(with) 找岔

gain an advantage over 胜过,优于

get hold of 得到,获得

get rid of 丢弃,摆脱,

get the best of 战胜

get the better of 战胜,占上风

get together 会面,装配

give rise to 引起,导致

give way 让路,让步

go ahead 开始,进行

go into effect 施行,实行,生效

go into operation 生效,实施

go wrong 出错,出故障

had better 应该

had rather 宁愿

had rather...than 宁愿...而不愿...

have an advantage over 胜过,优于

have in mind 想到;记得;打算

have nothing to do with 和...毫无关系

have(something/much/little)to do with 和...(有些/有很大/没有什么)关系

help oneself 自用,自取

keep an eye on 留意,照看

keep in mind 记住

keep one“s head 保持镇静

keep one”s word 守信用

keep pace(with) (与...)齐步前进

lead the way 引路,带路

learn by heart 记住,背诵

leave alone 不打扰,不干预

let alone 更别提,不打扰

let go (of) 放,松手

lose heart 失去勇气,丧失信心

lose one“s head 慌乱,仓皇失措

lose one”s temper 发脾气,发努

lose sight of 忘记,忽略;看不见

make a /the difference 有影响,起作用

make friends 交朋友

make fun of 取笑,嘲弄

make one“s way 去,前往

make sense 讲得通,言之有理

make sure 查明;务必

make the best of 充分利用

make the most of 充分利用

make up one”s mind 下决心,打定主意

make use of 使用,利用

make way 让路,让出地方

may as well 还不如,不妨

never mind 不要紧;不用担心

pay attention to 注意

piece together 拼合

play a part(in) 起作用,参于

put into effect 实施;使生效

put into operation 实施;使生效

put into practice 实施;实行

put to use 使用

see to it that 注意,务必,保证

see that 注意,务必,保证

set fire to 使燃烧,点燃

take...for 把...认为是

take a chance 冒险,投机

take(a)delight in 以...为乐

take advantage of 利用,趁...之机

take care 当心,注意

take care of 照顾,照料

take charge 管理,接管

take effect 生效,起作用

take into account 考虑

take…… for granted 认为...理所当然

take one’s time 不着急,不着慌

take pains 努力,尽力,下苦功

take part (in) 参加,参于

take place 发生,进行,举行

take the place of 代替,取代

take turns 依次,轮流

think better of 经考虑改变对...的看法

高中重点词汇、短语、句型 篇4

2.in the first place 首先；第一；原先

3.burst into sth.突然而猛烈地发出或产生某事物 4.centre on/upon 将某人（某事物）当作中心或重点 5.concentrate on 专心致志于 6.Tour de France 环法自行车赛

7.keep track of 记录；掌握……的线索；保持对……的联系 8.stand out 突出；出色

9.be diagnosed with...被确诊患有……（疾病）10.in a row 连续，一连串

11.lead sb.to do sth.致使某人做某事 12.apply for 提出申请（或要求等）

13.make for 走向；向……前进；有利于，有助于；倾向于 14.get a better understanding of...更充分地理解…… 15.head down to...向……进发，动身 16.hang ten（冲浪运动中）作十趾吊 17.in the name of 以……的名义；代表 18.push on（with sth.）毅然继续（做某事）19.run out of 耗尽；用光

20.apart from...除……外（尚有）21.set sail（to/from/for...）起航 22.compete for 为……而竞争 23.in search of 寻找 24.give birth to 生；产生

25.as long as（表示条件）只要……

26.at the height of 在……顶点；在（事业等）的高峰 27.for once and always 一劳永逸地 28.be made up of 由……构成；组成 Ⅱ.重点句型

1.Tian’anmen Square is the largest square in the world with an area of about 40 hectares.（with引导的短语作定语）

2.Impressive as the record is，it fades next to the story of Armstrong’s struggle against disease.（as引导让步状语从句时要倒装）

3.July 13，2001 saw a very bright night in Beijing that will never fade in history.（see在该句中的意思是“目睹；经历”）

4.A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.（一鸟在手胜过双鸟在林。）5.It was not until 1874，when a young American explorer followed the Nile from Lake Victoria through to Lake Albert，that this part of the river’s course was finally explored.（强调句型）

6.It was believed that the northern coast of this continent lay somewhere in the Pacific Ocean.（It is/was

believed that...人们相信……）Units 3－4 Ⅰ.重要词汇及短语

1.as a consequence（of）作为（……的）结果 2.the Commonwealth of Australia 澳大利亚联邦 3.go walkabout到灌木丛中闲逛 4.break out（指激烈事件）突然发生 5.feed...on给（人或动物）食物；喂养；饲养 6.round up使集合在一起

7.stand for代表，代替；象征，意味着

8.have a strong/great influence on...对……有重大影响 9.benefit from...从……受益 10.differ from...和……不同 11.be fond of喜欢 12.have fun with开玩笑 13.set foot on踏上 14.give birth to生；产生 15.in area在面积上 16.keep out（使）在外 17.all the year round终年

18.have access to接近（或进入）的方法（或权利、机会等）19.on a large scale大规模地；大范围地 20.pass away去世；逝世 21.belong to属于

22.base...on...把……基于…… 23.at first sight 乍一看（之下）24.be born into 出身于

25.have an appetite for 爱好…… 26.look out for 照料，照看……

27.put together 把……放在一起；把……加在一起 28.work out 做出；设计出；制订出；算出 29.make contributions to 对……作出贡献 30.adapt to 适应 Ⅱ.重点句型

1.Many Aborigines and islanders were moved and had their land taken away from them.（have sth.done 结构）

2.Only in this way could the people in Australia build a society of diverse cultures.（倒装句）

3.Some books are to be tasted；others swallowed；and some to be chewed and digested.4.Shanghai is not longer what it used to be.5.It was Joseph Banks who made Kew a centre of scientific and economic research.（强调句，强调句子的 主语，主语为表示人的名词）Units 5-6 Ⅰ.重要词汇及短语

1.take into consideration 考虑到，顾及 2.in charge（of）处于控制或支配地位；负责 3.hand in hand 手拉手；密切关联的 4.get across 传播；为人理解 5.appeal to 有吸引力；呼吁；上诉

6.keep an eye out for sb./sth.留心或注意某人或某物 7.make sense 有意义；有道理；讲得通 8.apply...to...运用；应用 9.lose heart 泄气；灰心 10.take it easy 别紧张；放松点

11.keep up 维持；保持；使某事物处于高水平12.common sense 常识；情理 13.leave behind 忘带；留下 14.lose one’s way 迷路 15.come to an end 结束；中止 16.live through sth.经历某事物而幸存 17.tie up 系；拴；捆 18.at stake 在危险中 19.go for 为……去努力获取 20.lose weight 减肥

21.be to blame 该受责备；应负责

22.be upset about...（对……感到）不安的；不快的；心烦意乱的 23.associate...with...使发生联系；使联合 24.protect...from...保护……免于……

25.be promoted with（用……手段来）宣传，推销 26.create/form a positive image of 塑造/形成一个正面的形象 27.point out 指出 28.think twice 重新考虑 29.believe in 相信；信仰 30.set off for...出发，动身到…… 31.be accustomed to习惯于…… 32.on all fours 匍匐，趴着 33.come to a decision 决定下来

34.come to an agreement 达成一致；达成协议 35.come to a conclusion 告终；下结论 36.take up 拿起；着手处理；开始（从事于）Ⅱ.重点句型

1.Not all ads are used to promote a product or to increase a company’s profits.（部分否定）

2.Good advertisements make it possible for companies to introduce new products and increase sales.（make 后接复合宾语）

3.Some companies prefer a well-known word，while others choose names from old stories or legends.（注意该并列连词的词义及用法）

4.It is possible that the reader or viewer will remember the advertisement but not the name of the product.5.In the 1960s，a British car company which made very expensive cars was about to sell its latest car in Germany.6.A young man in our group suggested that I stay behind with the children，and wait for help.（suggest后接宾语从句，从句的谓语动词用“（should）+动词原形”结构）7.No pains，no gains！不劳则无获！Units 7-8 Ⅰ.重要词汇及短语 1.care for 喜爱；照顾 2.leave alone 不管；随……去 3.in want of 需要

4.close up（尤指暂时）关闭；使靠近5.care about 介意……，在乎，关心 6.safety standards 安全标准 7.working conditions 工作条件 8.social conscience 社会道德 9.a poor excuse 一个差劲的借口 10.bring in 赚入……；获利 11.be badly-off 生活穷困 12.fall asleep 入睡

13.have no eye for 不关心；不在意 14.far from 远离；一点也不 15.comment on 评论，批评，解释

16.in face of 面对……，在……面前，不顾…… 17.in favor of 支持……，赞同……；为有利于…… 18.in praise of 称赞…… 19.in hope of 抱着……的希望 20.in charge of 掌管，负责

21.in memory of 为了纪念；为追悼…… 22.in honor of 为了纪念 23.in search of 搜寻 24.in need of 需要 25.turn down 拒绝 26.as follows 如下

27.end up in 以……告终，以……为结局 28.one by one 一个接一个地；逐个地 29.date back to（时间）追溯到 30.get it wrong 误解

31.on the contrary 相反的是；反而 32.toast to 干杯；祝酒

33.make sense of 弄懂……的意思 34.in other words 换句话说；换言之 35.take risks 冒险

36.experiment with 进行试验；进行实验 37.piles of 一大堆；一大批；一大团 38.fall behind 落后于 39.come across（偶然）遇见 40.make progress 取得进步 41.adjust...to...调整……；调解…… 42.as a consequence 因此

43.regardless of 不顾，不管，不拘 44.take place 发生 45.thanks to 多亏了，由于 46.wake up 醒来；叫醒 47.stay up 挺住；坚持不睡觉 48.broaden one’s horizons 开阔眼界 49.in the beginning 开始；起初 Ⅱ.重点句型

1.But make sure to be early in the office the day after！（make sure 后常接从句或of doing sth.）

2.Much good may it do you！

3.If they would rather die，they had better do it.4.It’s not my business.5.My hands are too cold to write.6.Let’s observe another little scene，as you might have in your life to come.（as引导定语 从句）

7.I beg your pardon a thousand times.8.Learning a language is obviously more than memorizing words，phrases and structures.（more than 不仅仅）

9.If you were to spend as many hours studying English，you would make great progress.（虚拟条件句）10.The less anxious and more relaxed the learner，the better the language acquisition proceeds.（the more...，the more...越……，越……）11.Not all of us want to be translators or interpreters.（部分否定）

12.It is time（that）the bus arrived here to pick up all the passengers.（虚拟语气的使用）

13.It is high time for us to put an end to this silly argument.Units 9-10 Ⅰ.重要词汇及短语

1.lay off 解雇；不理会；使下岗

2.make matters worse 使情况更困难或更危险 3.get rid of 摆脱

4.make ends meet 使收支相抵；量入为出 5.be devoted to 献身……的；专心于……的 6.play a role in 在……中起作用 7.medical treatment 医疗

8.reach a decision 决定下来；下结论 9.aim at 瞄准；针对；目的在于

10.take measures to...采取措施来（做）…… 11.make a living 谋生 12.depend on 依靠；取决于

13.live on 以……为主食；靠……生活 14.prevent...from...阻止，阻挡；制止；妨碍 15.provide...for...为……提供…… 16.meet the needs of 满足……的需要 17.be burdened with...使负重担

18.put pressure on...给……施压，增添压力 19.state-owned companies 国有企业 20.lose weight 减肥 21.ready-made clothes 成衣 22.make fun of 取笑某人 23.attend to 处理；照顾；关照 24.take pride in 对……感到自豪 25.do up 打扮；梳妆 26.let down 不支持；使失望 27.at length 最后；终于；详细地 28.at a time 一次

29.go far（人）大有前途；成功 30.come into being 形成 31.as to 关于

32.be accused of 被控诉，控告；被指责，谴责 33.set free 使获得自由；释放

34.refer to 参考；涉及；谈到；指的是 35.turn to 转向，变成；求助于 36.adapt to 使适应，使适和 37.get accustomed to 变得习惯于 38.for a moment 片刻；暂时 39.live through 度过；经受住 40.break out in tears 突然大哭起来 41.cut off 切掉；割掉；剪下；切断；隔绝 42.tear at 撕，扯…… Ⅱ.重点句型

1.What kind of programmes does the WHO run？

2.If I had had insurance，the sickness wouldn’t have caused such a big problem.（虚拟语气）

3.This allowance，however，is only enough to cover the most fundamental needs such as food and clothing.4.They cannot afford to consult a doctor or purchase medicines from a chemist when they get sick，nor can they make sure that their children keep a healthy diet.（部分倒装）

5.It is sometimes said that a society can be judged by the way it cares for its weakest members.（据说）

6.It was not until World War Ⅱ that the importance of Fleming’s discovery was fully recognized.（强调句）

7.She stood by the window and looked out at a grey cat walking along a grey fence in a grey backyard.（表示感觉的动词后接宾语补足语的情况）

8....and she had only $1.87 with which to buy Jim a present.（相当于定语从句的不定式 结构）

9.I had my hair cut off and sold it...（have作使役动词的用法）Units 11－12 Ⅰ.重要词汇及短语

1.stick with继续支持；保持联系 2.through thick and thin 不顾艰难 3.pull out of从……中退出 4.cater to满足某种需要或要求 5.for the sake of由于；为了……的利益 6.in reality事实上；实际上 7.keep an eye on 照料；照管 8.take sth.into account考虑；体谅 9.as a whole 总的说来；作为整体 10.once again再一次

11.live up to依照……行事；做到；不辜负（期望）12.accept...as...认为……

13.on one’s own独自，靠自己，独立 14.the majority of大多数；大部分 15.a pie chart饼状图 16.a bar chart柱状图

17.match...to...使……（和……）调和，相配 18.be suspected of 被猜疑，被怀疑 19.take measures to...采取措施（做……）20.be familiar with 对……熟悉 21.be made up of构成；组成 22.count...as...把……认为…… 23.on the other hand 另一方面 24.attach to 伴随……

25.be aware of 察觉到，感觉到，获悉 26.be suitable for适合做……

27.guard...against...守护……（免于……），保护 28.make the best use of充分利用 29.on the surface 表面上的，外表上 30.as a matter of fact 实际上 31.be satisfied with 对……满意 32.lose face 失面子

33.by means of以……，借着…… 34.put...to use使用，用，利用 35.in demand有需要的；吃香的 36.so as to为了，目的是 37.sit for参加（考试）

38.concentrate on 集中；专心；专注 39.to begin with首先；第一；起初

40.drop out（of）（从活动、竞赛等中）退出；辍学 41.result in产生某种作用或结果 42.be skeptical of怀疑

43.take in把（某人）带进；领入 44.rely on依赖；依靠

45.as far as（远）至（某处）；到……程度 46.lifelong learning 终身学习47.work out解决；计算出；详细拟订 48.have a lot in common有很多共同之处 49.be suited for适合做……，对……适宜 Ⅱ.重点句型

1.Not only will these qualities make you rise in the eyes of others,you will also feel better about yourself.（部分倒装）

2.While working there you discover that the management does not take proper measures to ensure hygiene and safety of the food products....（状语从句的省略）3.What if you feel comfortable about doing a task by yourself？（如果……怎么样）4.In sports teams each player has a clear role,and there are few occasions when members are confused or uncertain of their roles.（定语从句）

5.It is of great importance for the team and its coach to strike the right balance.（of+抽象名词）

6.As years went by,she worked in many places.（as引导的状语从句）

7.It is well-known that at the age of 17 to 18,many young people dream of going to university....（众所周知）

8.No matter how hard you try,working towards a career for which you are not suitable is not going to get you there.（让步状语从句）

9.It is no use for everybody to try to pursue the same career.（亦可用It is no use doing sth.）

10.In China,as in other countries,the government realizes that the future welfare of their citizens is closely linked to education.（as表示“像”）

11....the number of students in some schools is so low that students of several different grades are taught in the same classroom.（主谓一致）

12.Look at the shape of the graph or chart,rather than the details,to spot this.（表示“不顾，而不是”）Units 13－14 Ⅰ.重要词汇及短语

1.take place发生，产生；进行，举行 2.turn down拒绝，不接受 3.be set in以……为背景 4.pass on传递

5.go wrong不对头，出毛病；失败 6.except for除……之外；若无 7.be in love with爱上某人 8.learn about听到，获悉

9.take one’s revenge on sb.for sth.因某事向某人报仇 10.break into pieces（使）成为碎片 11.keep...out of使……置身于外 12.at the time of在……的时候

13.turn out 结果（是），证明（是），原来（是）14.as for关于，至于 15.at times有时，不时

16.get straight to the point直奔主题 17.varieties of各种各样的

18.to one’s surprise让某人吃惊的是 19.as soon as一……就……

20.one after another一个接一个地，连续不断地 21.come to light显露出来，暴露 22.over and over again 23.tell...apart一再；多次；反复 24.get hold of抓住；拿住；握住 25.make a beeline for径直朝……走去 26.as a matter of fact事实上；说真的；实际上 27.keep in touch保持联系 28.feast on大吃大喝；享受美食

29.make a distinction between...and...区分；区别 30.make sense有意义；有道理；讲得通 Ⅱ.重点句型

1.Finally,some Indians in unusual foreign clothes come to the house offering to entertain the guests,....（in表示“穿着，戴着”，后面可以接表示衣物或颜色的名词）

2.Troubled by the loss of such a valuable jewel, Rachel’s mother hires the famous detective to investigate the theft.（过去分词作状语）

3.As the story develops we discover some secrets about the people at the house that night,and the reasons why they might have stolen the diamond.（as引导状语从句，表示时间，意思是“当……时候”；why引导定语从句，修饰先行词reason；might have +过去分词，表示对过去的可能性的推测）

4.He goes on asking questions about the party and learns about Franklin’s quarrel with Dr.Candy.（go on doing sth.继续做（同一件事情）

5.Rachel is stubborn in resisting his enquiries about the Moonstone to the degree that she makes it seem as if she does not want the mystery to be solved.6.One mistake could have resulted in a huge loss.（虚拟语气）

7.Fortunately he was successful in diving the diamond into nine large jewels.8.It turned out that Godfrey had also seen Franklin move the diamond that night....9....but when she changed her mind he had no choice but to go abroad to sell the diamond.（注意but的用法）

10.You should avoid being too straightforward.（avoid doing sth.）Units 15－16 Ⅰ.重要词汇及短语 1.apply for申请；请求

2.straight away立刻地；毫不犹豫地

3.fit in（with）与……相适应；与……相协调 4.hold back退缩；踌躇

5.take a while用一些（一段）时间 6.approve of赞同；赞许

7.have sth.in common with sb.和某人有共同之处 8.take part in参与；参加

9.make contributions to为……作出贡献

10.Secretary General of the United Nations联合国秘书长 11.make a difference有关系；有影响；有意义 12.be eager to do sth.渴望做……

13.open up打开，张开；开发；开辟；揭露；展现 14.at times有时，不时 15.as a consequence结果；后果 16.be due to 应归于

17.become involved in使卷入，使陷入；拖累 18.make the adjustment to适应于 19.take off脱下；（飞机）起飞 20.put on穿上，戴上

21.be popular with受（某人）欢迎 22.get in touch with和……取得联系 23.dream of梦想；向往 24.make use of利用

25.set up树立；开办；设立；创立；建立 26.as well as也，又 27.come true实现，达到 28.be up to胜任，适于 Ⅱ.重点句型

1.Mr Zhao is weak and cannot do much for himself without getting breathless and dizzy.（双重否定）

2.I am having a great time doing it.3.Time to have fun and relax,and time for young people to take off their school uniform and put on their favorite casual clothes.（省略。It is time to have fun and relax.）

4.In the UK for example,a recent survey found that 6 out of 10 men and 46% of women regularly wear jeans....（分数表示法）

5.Every time he plays football he is watched by thousands of adoring Becks fans all over the world.（连词，意思是“每次”）

大学英语四级高频词汇、短语及句型 篇5

英语作文常用句型及短语

多使用过渡性词语使句子连贯

表列举：for example、for instance、that is to say

表补充：besides、in addition、moreover

表对比：on the one hand…on the other hand

in spite of

表原因：because of、thanks to、due to、owing to

表结果：therefore、thus、as a result、so

表结论：to conclude、in a word、in brief、to sum up1、学校生活及学习成绩

Be getting on well with one’s study某人的学习越来越好

take several courses at school在学校学若干门课程

have English(Chinese, Physics…)every(other)day work hard at …

put one’s heart into…专心于;致力于

be interested in …

be fond of

like chemistry best

be good at …;be poor at …;do well in …;be weak in …

make progress in …;fail in …’ be tired of …’

pass the examination;give sb.a passing grade;

major in history 主修历史

He has the best record in school.他的成绩最棒。

get a doctor’s degree 获得博士学位

be more interesting to sb.learn about;succeed in…;be active in class(work);

take an active part in …;learn… by heart;

work out a(maths)problem;improve oneself in …;

get 90 marks for(English);get an “A” in the exam;

have a good command of…

lay a good foundation in(language study)

2、师生关系

get on well with sb;like to be with students;

be gentle with us;be kind to sb;

be a strict teacher;be strict with one’s pupils;

be strict in work

We think of him(her)as …;help sb with sth;

praise sb for sth …;blame sb for sth..give advice on …;question sb on …

be satisfied with …

correct the students’ homework carefully and prepare for the next day;give sb a lot of work;try to teach sb good study habits;make one’s lessons lively and interesting;teach sb.sth.;teach sb to do sth.devote all one’s time to work;

admire(sb.for)his devotion to the cause of education

佩服他对于教育事业的献身精神。

3、课余活动及周末生活 spend one’s time in many different ways;enjoy doing things by oneself;go swimming;go for an outing;have an outing at(the seashore);see the sights of Beijing;play the piano(violin);play chess(basketball);have a swim;have dances on weekends;have a picnic over the weekend;go to the cinema;have a party;hold a sports meeting;do some reading;help sb do sth;enjoy a family trip;get everything ready for;ride one’s bike with sb.to(the park);There are a lot of activities at(the beach).We enjoy a change from our busy life in the city.She would like to bring sth.to the picnic.It was a very relaxing Sunday.There are good programmes on TV on weekends.4、彼此沟通信息 take a message for sb;send a message to sb;hear from sb;talk about/of sth;tell sb to do sth;get information about…;express one’s idea(feelings)in English用英语表达一个人的思想（感情）;Write sb a letter saying…给某人写信说...，apologize to sb for… thank you for …;make a speech t at the meeting;explain sth to s;look upon sb as …;think sb to be …;take sb’s side

5、事件中人的态度 would like to do;allow sb to do;keep sb from doing(prevent sb.from doing);call on sb to do;be afraid to do(be afraid of …)； fee like doing;insist on doing;drive sb.off;speak highly of sb;speak ill of sb;think highly of sb;force sb to do;offer to do;refuse to do;agree to do;regret doing;prefer to do A rather than do B;had better do;would rather(not)do.6、事情过程 have the habit of doing…;have no trouble doing;make up one’s mind to do;prepare sb for …;give up doing…;do sth as usual;do what he wants us to do;set about doing;try one’s best to do…=go all out to do;get into trouble;help sb out;do one’s bit for New China;wait for sb to do;find a way to do;make friends with sb;show(tell)sb.how to do…;take(send)sb to …;I’m trying to find…;

I’m afraid we are out of …;

pass the time doing;feel a little excited about doing…;

can’t help doing…;do some good deeds to people;

be prepared for more hard work;

Some are doing A, others are doing B, and still others are doing C.7、感观活动与思维活动

look around for …;look up(down)at …;catch sight of …;

take a look at …;hear sb do(doing);take notice of …;

take view of …;have a good understanding of …;

consider sb(sth)to be …;come to know…;

realize that …;know that +从句

8、情感与欲望

be pleased with …;be delighted in doing…;

take a pleasure in doing;be worried about;

feel surprised at …

be sorry for …;be angry with sb for sth;

be angry about …(为某事生气)；

look forward to doing…;wish to do;expect to do;

long for(long to do);be sick for one’s home;

have a strong desire to do …;

9、健康状况及治疗

be in good shape;be in good(poor)health;

feel weak(well, terrible, sick);have got a high(slight)fever;

have a slight(bad)cold;take one’s temperature;

have got a pain in …;be good(bad)for one’s health(eyes);

It’s nothing serious.stay in bed until…;save one’s life10、其它

It(take)sb.some time to do…;It is said that …;

be fit for;be short of;be well dressed;

miss the lecture(train);change…into…;

waste time doing;spend time doing;be busy doing;

have no choice but to do;I can’t help it.be in need of…;

be mistaken about …;fall behind…;catch up with;

on behalf of;instead of;be welcome to do…;

Running, biking and swimming are popular in summer.Skiing and skating are my favorite winter sports.11、信件开头常用语

You letter came to me this morning.I have received your letter of July the 20th.I’m writing to you about the lecture to be given next Monday.I’m writing to ask if you can come next week.How time flies!It’s three months since I saw you last.Thank you for your letter.In reply to your letter about(the exhibition this year)…;

Let me tell you that…

12、信件结尾常用语

Please remember me to your whole family.Give my best regards(wishes)to your mother.Best wishes.With love.Wish you a pleasant journey.Wish you success.Wish you the best of health.(luck)

Looking forward to your next visit to China.Looking forward to the pleasure of meeting you.Expecting to hear from you as soon as possible.13、问路和应答

Go down this street

Turn night/left at the first crossing

It’s about…meters from here

You can’t miss it

In front of behind at/a the corner(不用in)

Pass two blocks

：“游客纷至沓来”这句话，很多学生不能用英语写出“纷至沓来”这个成语，但是可以用以下几种表达方式：⑴A large number of visitors come here

⑵There are lots of visitors coming here every day

⑶Many people visit here every day

⑷A lot of people pay a visit here every day

多使用过渡性词语使句子连贯

表列举：for example、for instance、that is to say

表补充：besides、in addition、moreover

表对比：on the one hand…on the other hand

in spite of

表原因：because of、thanks to、due to、owing to

表结果：therefore、thus、as a result、so

表结论：to conclude、in a word、in brief、to sum up