在写作中怎样简化状语从句 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)

在写作中怎样简化状语从句 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)（共2篇）

在写作中怎样简化状语从句 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文) 篇1

高三语法复习：

状语从句

1.时间状语从句。

引导时间状语从句的有：when, while, as, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as, no sooner…than…, hardly…when…等。

(1) When, while和 as

When既可引导一个持续动作，也可引导一个短暂动作，可用与主句和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作。while引导的从句中谓语动词必须是能够延续的动词，强调主句和从句动作的同时发生，往往侧重动作的持续性和对比性。如：While I was sitting there, he told me an interesting story.as用于引导“在某行为的继续中发生某事”的“继续之行为”，所以多与过去进行时连用。并常用来表示两种发展变化中的情况。

When they came home, I was cooking dinner.

She watched TV while (she was) eating.

As I was walking down the street, an American asked me for directions to the nearest station.

As the day went on, the weather got worse.

(2) 时间状语从句还有几个特殊的引导词。

如：every time, each time, next time, the day, the year, the minute, the moment 和副词immediately, directly, instantly等.

a.Every time I saw him, I would like to listen to his songs.

b.I came to the house the moment he was about to leave.

c.I recognized her the minute I saw her.

d. He left Europe the year World War II broke out.

e. My sister came directly(=as soon as) she got my message.

f. The machine will start instantly you press the button.

(3) since 和 before 的用法异同。

It is/ has been + some time+ since+ sb did sth.

It was / is / will be + some time+ before sb did/ do sth

It is just a week since we arrived here.

It’s a long time since I met you last.

How long is it since you were in Ningbo ?

It was years before I came back from abroad. It will be five years before we meet again.

It wasn’t long before he came back..

since 其后的动词不同,起算的时间也不同.

since + 瞬间动词过去式 (从该动作发生时算起)

since + 持续性动词的过去式 ( 从该动作结束时算起)

He worked very hard since he entered the factory.

We haven’t seen each other since I worked in the factory.

(从我不在厂工作以来……)

She has never been to visit me since I was ill. (病愈以来)

(4)till& until意义相同，多数情况下可换用，但用以强调，句首多用until;在强调结构或与not连用时多用until。例如：Nothing can be done till/ until the boss returns.

I waited for him until he came back.

He didn’t go to bed until he had finished the work.

Until we know the facts, we can’t do anything about it.

(5) no sooner…than, hardly…when和scarcely… before相当于as soon as之意, 其引导的从句中谓语动词要用 had done。当 hardly, scarcely和 no sooner置于句首时,语气较强, 主句的谓语要部分倒装. 例如:

We had hardly begun when we were told to stop.

Hardly had we begun when we were told to stop.

The spy had no sooner returned home than he was told to go to another country.

No sooner had the spy returned home than he was told to go to another country.

2. 地点状语从句由where或 wherever引导，在主句前，后均可.

where 表特指，wherever表泛指

I found the books where I left them.

Make a mark where you have any questions.

Wherever he happens to be, John can make himself at home.

(1) 地点状语从句在句首时常兼有抽象条件意味。如：

Where there’s a will, there’s a way.

Wherever there’s plenty of sun and rain, the fields are green.

(2) where引导的状语从句和定语从句的区别。Where引导地点状语从句直接修饰动词,而在定语从句中 where作为关系副词要跟在表示地点的先行词后面。 如：

Go back where you came from

Go back to the village where you came from.

Bamboo grows best where it’s wet and rainy.

Bamboo grows best in places where it’s wet and rainy.

3. 原因状语从句because, since, as, for,

because表直接的原因,语气最强.

since “既然”:一般放在句首,表已知的原因,全句重在交代结果,语气比because弱.

as 放在句首或句末,说明因果关系,语气较弱,重点在主句,译作“由于”for表间接原因，用来补述内容.放在主句后.语气最弱.

Since (As) it was raining, you ‘d better take a taxi.

Because he is ill, he is absent today.

He must be ill, for he is absent today.

As he is from the south, he is unaccustomed to the dry weather in Beijing.

在强调句型中,引导从句只能用because, 不能用 since或as.

It was because he was ill that he didn’t go with us.

4. 条件状语从句

引导词: if, unless, so/ as long as用一般现在时表示一般将来时

In case anything important happens, please call me up.

I’ll lend it to you as long as you handle it with care.

if only(要是…就好了; 但愿) 常表示愿望或一未实现的条件,尤用于感叹句.

If only he arrives in time!

If only I had met him earlier!

If only it would stop raining!

on condition(that)=provided (that) =providing (that) ( 假若; 倘使)

supposing (that) =if

You can go swimming on condition that you don’t go too far from the river bank.

I’ll go providing my wages are paid.

Supposing it rains tomorrow, what shall we do?

*在条件状语从句中,如果条件状语从句的主语同主句主语一致或是无人称代词, 从句的谓语动词或助动词 be, 可将从句的主语和动词 be一起省略.

If (it is) necessary, I’ll go with him.

If (it is) important, I’ll write this article.

目的和结果状语从句

目的:so that… in order that… ( 情态动词)

结果: so that, so/ such… thatHe studied even harder so that he might catch up with the top students in a possible short period.

He studied even harder so that he caught up with the other students.

He made a wrong decision, so that half of his lifetime was wasted.There are so many people in the room that we could’t get in.

方式状语从句

方式状语从句放在主句之后，用as, just as, as if, as though 等引导。

注意:

1) as 表行为方式

2) as if 引导的从句表示与事实相反或不可能实现时,从句用虚拟语气。

比较状语从句

引导词: than, as… as,

the more… the more…He didn’t do as much as he had

promised.

Now we can produce much more

steel than Japan.

The higher you stand, The farther you will see.

注意被比较的内容应一致

The weather here is hotter than that( = the weather) in your hometown.The girls in your class are more active than those in our class.

责任编辑：李芳芳

在写作中怎样简化状语从句 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文) 篇2

名词从句

名词从句有四类：宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。例如：

宾语从句：I don’t know where he will go.

主语从句：Where he will go is unknown.

表语从句：The problem is how we can get so much money.

同位语从句：We all feel sorry about the news that he failed in the game.

下面几点是学习名词从句要加以注意的：

1. whether和if都可以引导宾语从句表达“是否”意，(即引导宾语从句时if和whether

可以互换)但以下几种名词从句要用whether(不用if)引导：

(1) 引导主语从句，且在句首时。例：Whether he has won the tennis is not known.(但

It is not known whether/if he has won the tennis).

(2) 引导表语从句时。例The problem is whether he can get a job.

(3) 引导同位语从句时。例：I have no idea whether he will come.

(4) 介词后的whether从句。例：I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.

2. 位于句首引导主语从句的that不可忘。

例如：That he got the first place in the competition surprised all of us.

3. 在“It is suggested/proposed/ordered/a pity/no wonder/necessary/strange/…+

that从句”结构中，that从句谓语有时用(should)do这样的虚拟语气形式。

例如：It is suggested that we(should) improve the relations between us.

It is a pity that one(should) stay in one place all ones life.

It is strange that she should have failed to see her own shortcomings(缺点).

4. 在“The reason why…is that…”句式中that不要误为because.

例如：The reason why he didnt go to school yesterday is that he was ill.

5. 名词从句中that,what用法比较：

引导名词从句的that是连词，在句中无成份，无意义，而what是连接代词，what=the

thing(s) that.

例如：It was told in yesterdays newspaper that what the students had done was praised

by the factory.

I know that he will study.

I know what he will study.

That he works hard at his lessons is known to us all.

What he works hard at is known to us all.

All I ask is that you should tell the truth./He is not what(=the person that)he

used to be.他和以前大不相同了。

6. where在名词从句中的使用特点：

where在名词从句中有时可以变为“the place where”,有时可以变为“介词+the place where” 形式。例如：

主从：Where(=The place where)she has gone is still unknown.

宾从：Would you please tell me where(=the place where) Mr Smith lives?

表从：Your dictionary remains where(=in/at the place where)you put.

同位从：Have you any idea where(=of the place where) she is spending her holidays?

7. 无论是哪种名词从句都是陈述语序。例如：

I know where he lives./Please tell me what her name is.

当一个特殊疑问句本身就是陈述语序(即“主+谓+(宾)”或“主+系+表”结构)，将其变为间接引语(即宾语从句)时，无需改变语序。例如：

Whats the matter with him? She asked me what was the matter with him.

Who looks after your grandfather? He asked me who looked after my grandfather.

名词从句考点分析

1.They want to know ______ do to help us. (NMET)

A. what they can B. how they can C. how can they D. what can they

析：此题要选陈述语序项，故应排除C、D。又因how they can do不完整，do后无宾

语，故也应排除，只有A项既是陈述语序，且what they can do完整正确地表达出“他

们能做些什么”这一意思，故答案为A。

2.His teacher ______ he ______ bright and ______ he was worth teaching.

A.didn’t think;was;that B.thought;was;whether

C.didn’t think;was;× D.thought;wasnt;×

析：观察题目，可知think后跟有and连接的两个并列宾语从句，这时前一个宾语从句

的引导语that可以省略，但引导后一宾语从句的that不可省略，据此，可排除C、D

两个选项。若选B项，全句意思不通，而选择A项可表达“他的老师认为他不聪明，不

值得教”这一意思，且语法结构无误，故可定A是正确答案。

3.______ is done cannot be undone.

A.How B.That C.What D.Where

析：do一般作及物动词使用，从题干看，需选一词作主语(逻辑上是done的宾语)。

而A.How,D.Where均是副词，不能作主语，故应排除。B项that一词只能在定语从句

中作主语，不能在主语从句中作主语，也应排除。只有选what(=the thing that),才

能正确表述“凡是做的不可不做”这一意思。

4.Take care ______ you dont make mistakes in the coming exam.

A.of that B.about that C.for what D.that

析：take care是“注意”、“当心”意，后面可跟that引导的宾语从句来表达“当心

不要…”意思，据此，该题应选D。

5.To his surprise,the umbrella was not ______ he had put.

A.which B.where C.the place D.that

析：观察题干，was not后是表语，根据where在表语从句中相当于in/at the place where,

将其置于空白处则可表达“伞不在他当初放的地方”这一意思，而C选项缺少词，不可

选。A、D项皆不合用。

6.______ we cant get seems better than ______ we have.

A.what;what B.what;that C.that;that D.that;what

析：此题显然是要表达“我们得不到的东西似乎比我们得到的东西好。”这一意思，即

“A seems better that B”结构，根据what=the thing(s) that这一特点，将其置

于两空白处正好可以表达出前者比后者好这一意思，故答案为A。

7.______ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.

A.If B.Whether C.That D.Where

析：此题depends前的主语从句是一个不肯定的内容，在句首表“是否”意时，只能用

Whether,不可用If。故答案为B。

8.______ they are most interested in is ______ they can produce more and better

cars.

A.That;how B.What;how C.What;what D.That;that

析：is前面是一个主语从句，要表达“他们最感兴趣的(东西)”这一意思，只能选what

填入空白;is是表语从句，显然只有选how才能表达“如何生产更多更好的汽车”，故

答案为B。

9.He made a suggestion that the English test ______ until next Wednesday.

A.will be put off B.be put off C.will put off D.put off

析：suggestion,order,adivce等词后的同位语从句谓语要用(should)do的形式，且

该句中test与put off为被动关系，故选B。

10.I dont think ______ he said something like that is right.

A.that B.what C.whether D.when

析：此句think后是一宾语从句，这个宾语从句的主语在is之前，它是一个被动句。

因为he said something like that已经含有主、谓、宾、状等成分，只有选不表意义，

不做成分的that才合适，故选A。

定语从句

一、定语从句与引导词

定语从句是在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫做选行词，

而引导定语从句的词叫引导词，有关系代词和关系副词两类。

懂得什么样的先行词后用什么样的引导词是学好定语从句的关键。

1. 关系代词有：that,which,who,whom,whose,在定语从句中作主语、宾语中表语，whose

作定语。代人的有：who,whom,whose,that;代物的有：that,which,whose.例如：

The man who helped you is Mr White.(who代人，在定语从句中作主语)

That is the person(whom/who/that) you want to see.(whom,who,that代人，在定

语从句中作宾语，可省略)

Im not the fool(that) you thought me to be.(that代人，在定从中作表语)

A dictionary is a useful book which(=that) tells us the meaning of words(which

或that代物，在定从中作主语)

2. 关系副词有：when(指时间)，where(指地点),why(指原因)，在定语从句中作状语。

例如：Would you suggest a time(when) we can have a talk?(when可省略)

The house where they live is not very large./This is the reason why he did not came to the meeting.

注意：不是表时间的先行词都用when引导定从，不是表地点的先行词都用where引导定从。例如：Well visit the factory which(=that) makes radios.

(which或that在定从中作主语，where不可用主语，故不可用)

They still remember the happy days(which/that) they spent in Beidaihe.

(which或that在定从中作spent的宾语，when不可作宾语，故不可用)

二、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句

限制性定语从句和主句之间不用逗号分开，修饰主句中的某一个名词或名词词组或代

词;非限制性定语从句常用逗号和主句隔开，可以修饰主句中的某一个词，也可修饰整个句子。非限制性定语从句不能用that引导，引导非限制性定语从句的关系词不能省略。非限制性定语从句例：Li Pings father, who works in a factory, is an engineer./He tore up my photo, which made me very angry.(which指代主句内容，因前后两句是因果关系，此时which不可换为as。)

He is good at physics, as is known to us all.=As is known to us all, he is good at physics.(as指代主句内容，在as is known/believed, as we all know/believe这类结构中as不可换为which)

三、只用that引导和不用that引导的场合

1. 只用that引导和不用that引导的场合

1) 当先行词既包括人又包括物时：He talked about the men and the books that attracted

him.

2) 指物的先行词被any, every, only, very, all, no等修饰时：These are the very points that interest me./Thats the only watch that I like most.

3) 指物的先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时：The first step that we are to take is very difficult./This is the second card that he gave me.

4) 先行词是指物的不定代词all,little,few,much,及everything,anything,nothing等时：There is still much that can be done about it./Have you got everything that you need?

5) 先行词是who时：Who that have seen him does not like him?

2. 不用that的场合如下：

1)非限制性定语从句中 Last night ,I saw a very good film,which was about the Long

March .

2)介词放在关系代词之前时 This is the man from whom I learnt the news

3)句中出现了that，或先行词是that时 I have found that which I was looking for.

四、“介词+关系代词”用法

1. 介词的确定应依据定语从句中短语的习惯性搭配，例如：Who is the girl with whom you just shook hands?(shake hands with…是习惯性搭配)

2. 介词常受先行词的制约(即介词和先行词的搭配)，例如：He built a telescope through which he could study the skies.(through which 即through the telescope)

3. 当关系代词作“动词+介词”固定短语的宾语时，此时因定短语中的介词不能拆开移到关系代词前。例如：This is the watch which youre looking for./He is a kind of man whom you can safely depend on.

五、几个名词后的引导词

1. situation后常用where,in which引导定语从句：Can you imagine a situation where/in

which you can use the word?

2. way(方式，方法)后常用in which或that或how引导定语从句，也可省略：Do you know the way(in which/that/how) he worked out the problem?

3. “the same+名词”，“such+名词”，“as+名词”后通常用as引导定语从句。

例如：I have the same dictionary as you(have)./Such a book as you bought is not worth buying.

定语从句考点分析

1. The best work ______ Luxun wrote and ______ I have read has been made into a film.

A.which;that B.that;× C.×;that D.×;×

析：如果两个定语从句并列，关系代词作宾语时前一句的可以省略，但后一句的不可省略，故应选C。

2. It was in 1969 ______ two Americans got to the moon by space ship.

It was 1969 ______ two Amerians got to the moon by space ship.

A.when B.which C.that D.×

析：第一句是强调时间in 1969,强调结构是“It was+强调部分+that句”，故应选C。第二句It是表时间的，先行词1969在从句中作状语，故选A。

3. Is this the house ______ Shakespeare was born?

A.at which B.which C.in which D.at where

析：观察题目，空白处只有填in which或where才能表达“这是莎士比亚出生的房子吗?”这一意思，故答案为C。

4. Is this house ______ Shakespeare was born?

A.where B.which C.in which D.at which

析：将此句变为陈述句;This house is ______ Shakespeare was born.显然is后是一表语从句，只有选where(=the place where)才能表达“这是莎士比亚的出生地”这一意思，故答案为A。

5. In the dark street,there wasn’t a single person ______ she could turn for

help.

A.to whom B.of whom C.from whom D.that

析：“介词+关系代词”要考虑短语搭配或与先行搭配，这道题短语turn to有关，故

应选A。

6. The two things ______ they felt very proud were Jims gold watch and Dellas

hair.

A.about which B.of which C.in which D.for which

析：涉及be/feel proud of短语，故答案为B。

7. Have you ever asked him the reason ______ may explain his being late.

A.why B.that C.for which D.what

析：此题易误选A、C，因为先行词是the reason,但细观察分析，定语从句缺少主语，所以答案是B。注意what不能引导定语从句。

8. Farming is difficult ______ there is no rain.

A.where B.in place C.that D.the place where

析：因为difficult是形容词，故其后不是定语从句。这儿的空白处应填引导状语从句where(=in the place where),全句表达“在没有雨水的地方耕种困难”。这一意思，可见答案为A。

9. We need the same machine ______ in your factory.

A.which is being used B.as is being used

C.that is being used D.as it is being used

析：根据“the same+先行词”后跟as引导定语从句的原则，可知答案为B。

10.______ the people,not things ______ are most important.

A.There are;who B.Those are;that C.It is;that D.It was;who

析：仔细观察分析题目，可知只有C构成强调句才有成立。当我们要检验视其为强调

句的判断是否正确时，只要将“It is (或was)…that”这三个词去掉，剩下部分读

起来正确无误，则证明判断是正确的，反之是错误的。此题如不填“It is…that”

三词，句子是The people,not things are most important.语义完整正确，说明选

C是对的。

名词从句、定语从句专练

1.______ surprised me most was the news ______ our team won.

A.That;that B.What;which C.What;that D.That;which

2.This is the only book ______ I want to read.

A.which B.that C.what D.as

3.The reason ______ I am so late is ______ the bus.

A. that;I didnt catch B.×;that I missed

C.why;because I have missed D.×;because my not catching

4. The problem ______ has been completely settled.

A.which you thought B.that you thought

C.about which you thought it D.that you thought about

5. Is this the tape-recorder you wish ______?

A.to have it repaired B.to repair it

C.to have repaired D.repairing

6. The electric toy ______ last month has gone out of order.

A.I bought it for him B.which I bought to him

C.I bought for him D.that I bought to him

7. His head soon appeared out of one of the second storey windows,______ he oculd see nothing but tress.

A.frm which B.from where C.where D.from there

8. Every minute ______ full use of to study our lessons will do our students good.

A.which makes B.that is made C.that made D.what is made

9. Will it be two months ______ we can get another one?

A.that B.when C.before D.in which

10.After graduation we should go ______ our Party needs us most.

A.to the place which B.in which C.that D.where

11.There is a popular belief among parents ______ schools are no louger interested

in handwriting.

A.who B.whose C.that D.which

12.He lent me a lot of maney,______ I couldn’t buy the TV set.

A.with it B.for which C.without which D.by which

13.Water power stations are bulit ______ big water falls.

A.which are B.which has C.where there have D.where there are

14.The direction ______ a force acts can be changed.

A.how B.which C.towards D.×

15.Was it yesterday ______ you received the letter from her?

A.when B.which C.on which D.that

16.In the end she decided to sell the house ______ windows were almost broken.

A.which B.that C.of which D.whose

17.That ______ you lent me wasn’t _____ I wanted.

A.that;all B.which;all C.that;what D.which;that

18.Each time ______ they met,they would talk long hours together.

A.during B.which C.where D.×

19.This is the third week ______ for the rubbish.

A.that they didn’t come B.they aren’t coming

C.they haven’t come D.when they haven’t come

20.On the desk ______ a Chinese brush ______ he had made drawing.

A.lay;with which B.lies;by which C.laid;in which D.lay;on which

21.Well never forget the days ______ we spent on the seashore.

A.during which B.in which C.when D.×

22.The beautiful church ______ we see there is very famous.

A.the tower which B.of whose tower C.the tower of which D.of which tower

23.The 11th Asian Games, ______ China won 183 gold medals,was held in the autumn

of 1990.

A.which B.that C.at which D.at that

24.The only thing ______ is wrong with this is ______ a friend of mine said to me

the other day.

A.which;what B.what;that C.that;what D.that;which

25.Who is he man ______ is talking with John?

A.which B.who C.what D.that

26.The farmer uses wood to build a house ______ to store grains.

A.with which B.to where C.which D.in which

27.I really dont know ______ I had my pocket picked.

A.where was it that B.it was where that

C.where it was that D.was it where that

28.He insisted that he ______ right in doing that.

A.should be B.was C.would be D.is

29.--Have you heard from Mary recently?

--Yes,she said she was thinking ______ she should do next.

A.that B.of what C.what D.how

30.Can you guess ______?

A.who that man is B.who is that man

C.what is that man D.whom that man is

31.Tom told his aunt that he ______ what he was doing during the time when he was

in the country.

A.had just asked B.had just been asked C.was just asked D.just asked

32.The reason ______ she gave for not being present was ______ the heavy snow

prevented her coming.

A.×;because B.why;because C.×;that D.why;whether

33.Air is to us ______ water is to fish.

A.what B.that C.which D.is that

34.The free ticket will be sent to ______ comes first.

A.whoever B.whomever C.whosever D.no matter who

35.______ is still unknown when the president will make a public speech.

A.It B.That C.He D.What

36.I dont know ______ is ______ I was born.

A.that;when B.that;what C.that;where D.what;where

37.It is generally considered unwise to give a child ______ he or she wants.

A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.whenever

38.Father made a promise ______ I passed the examination he would buy me a bicycle.

A.that B.if C.whether D.that if

39.As many nembers ______ were present agreed to the plan.

A.who B.that C.which D.as

40.______ can be seen from his face,he is quite satisfied.

A.That B.It C.Which D.As

名词从句、定语从句专练答案

1-5 C B B D C 6-10 C B B C D 11-15 C C D D D

16-20 D B D C A 21-25 D C C C D 26-30 D C B B A

31-35 B C A A A 36-40 C B D D D