英语名词改复数的方法

2024-08-11

英语名词改复数的方法（精选7篇）

英语名词改复数的方法篇1

名词复数变化规则和读音： 1．一般在名词的词尾加“s”，清辅音后读/s/ 浊辅音和元音后读 /z/ 例如：books, pens, classrooms，map-maps，boy-boys，girl-girls，pen-pens等等。cats 猫rooms 房间horses 马trees 树roses 玫瑰

2．以s, x, sh, ch结尾的名词在词尾加“es”，读 /iz/ 例如：classes, boxes, brushes, dishes, watches, buses，classes，foxes，lashes 鞭子，pushes 推力，branches 树枝、分支，matches 火柴、比赛，coaches 教练，gases 气体，asses 驴子

但也有例外，如：stomach—stomachs等等。

3．以辅音字母加“y”结尾的名词应改“y”为“i”，再加“es”，读 /z/ 例如：cities, universities)，factories，baby---babies，city-cities，country-countries，families 家庭，ponies 小马但以y结尾的专有名词，或元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时，直接加s变复数。例如： two Marys，the Henrys，monkey---monkeys，holiday---holidays，boys, toys

4．以“f”和“fe”结尾的名词应改“f”和“fe”为“ves”

例如：shelf—shelves架子，knife—knives，leaf---leaves叶，wolf---wolves狼，wife---wives妻子 life---lives，thief---thieves 小偷，calf---calves 小牛，half---halves 一半但也有例外

如：roof—roofs屋顶，cliff—cliffs（悬崖），hoof—hoofs（马蹄），belief—beliefs（信仰），chief—chiefs（首领），proof—proofs(证明)，safe—safes(保险箱)，reef—reefs(礁)，gulf---gulfs 海湾

还有一些该类名词的复数形式有两种变化形式的例如：scarf—scarfs/scarves（头巾）, dwarf—dwarfs/dwarves（矮子）, wharf—wharfs/wharves(码头), handkerchief—handkerchiefs/handkerchieves(手帕)等等。

5．以“o”结尾的名词的复数形式一般在词尾加“es”

例如：hero—heroes英语, echo—echoes(回音)，potato—potatoes马铃薯，tomato—tomatoes西红柿，mango---mangoes 芒果，volcano---volcanoes 火山，negro---negroes 黑人，cargo---cargoes 货物，buffalo---buffaloes 水牛，mosquito---mosquitoes 蚊子

但以字母o结尾的外来词或缩写词的复数形式是只加S，例如：zoo—zoos, radio—radios, piano—pianos钢琴, photo—photos, memo—memos(备忘录), solo—solos(独唱、独奏), kilo—kilos(公斤)，kimono—kimonos（和服），bamboo---bamboos 竹子，kangaroo---kangaroos 袋鼠，mulatto---mulattos 白黑混血儿，6.如果名词结尾是一个元音(即a,e,i,o,u)加y，那只则在单数词后加一个s就行了。

play

plays 戏剧

way

ways 小路

valley

valleys 山谷

donkey donkeys 驴

toy

toys 玩具

boy

boys 男孩

guy

guys 伙计

7、下列名词的复数形式，也很特殊：

analysis

analyses 分析

basis

bases 基础

parenthesis parentheses 圆括号

datum

data

数据

medium

media/mediums 媒介

formula

formulae/formulas 公式

memorandum memoranda/memorandums 备忘录

phenomenon phenomena

现象

goose

geese 鹅

tooth

teeth 牙齿

foot

feet 脚，尺

man

men 男人

woman

women

mouse

mice 老鼠

louse

lice 虱子

radius

radii 半径

8、一些名词虽分单数、复数，但出现次数多的总是单数形式：

abscence 缺席

clothing 服装

film 胶片

help 帮助

furniture 家具

machinery 机械

news 新闻

scenery 风景

sugar 糖

traffic 交通

9、另一些名词则以复数词出现的机会较多：

bellows

风箱

clothes 衣物

shorts

短裤

trousers

长裤

spectacles 眼镜

scissors

剪刀

shears

大剪刀

police 警察(通称)

wages

工资

三、不规则变化主要有下面几种：

1．变元音

例如：man—men, woman—women, foot—feet, tooth—teeth, mouse—mice(老鼠), louse—lice（跳蚤）child---children

注意：⑴、与 man 和 woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是-men 和-women。

⑵、German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans；

⑶、Bowman是姓，其复数是the Bowmans。

2．加(r)en 例如：ox—oxen, child—children，brother——brethren 兄弟 3．单、复数同形

例如：sheep, fish, deer, carp(鲤鱼), Chinese, Japanese, aircraft(飞机), means(方法), deer 鹿cannon 大炮，salmon 鲑鱼，trout 鳟鱼注意：除人民币元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如:a dollar, two dollars;

a meter, two meters 4．外来词

例如：crisis--crises(危机), basis--bases(基础)，analysis—analyses(分析)，phenomenon—phenomena(现象)

四、特殊的复数形式

1．一些不可数名词，如waters、teas等的复数形式可表种类，译：

各种各样的„„，例如：I have many teas at home.我家有许多种茶。

2．具体化的名词，如cloth、paper等的复数形式，可用来表示某种特殊用途的东西例如：Please pass me a(table)cloth（桌布、台布）so that I can clean the table.I can see many sweet papers（糖果纸）on the ground after the party.3．一些抽象名词，如thanks;wishes;congratulations;regards；greetings和cheers等用在英语句子里面时必须固定地使用复数形式例如：Best wishes to you!Please give my best regards/greetings to your parents.4．一些数字，如1920’s或1920s的，表示20世纪20年代例如：In the 1920s, he went to a European country.He was born in the 1960’s.5．整十的数字的复数形式，如thirties, eighties可表示“几十岁” 例如：He joined the Party in his thirties.他三十几岁时入党。

6．英文字母，如b’s、f’s、s’(后面的“s”可以被省略)，的复数形式例如：In the word “differ”, there are two f’s.We must pay much attention to the s’ at the end of the words.7．人名，如Mary、John等可以表示“几个„„的人”

例如：There are two Johns in our class, but in the whole school, there are six.8．姓氏，如Black, Green等可以表示一家人或者夫妻

例如：After dinner, the Blacks are usually watching TV at home.五、复合名词的复数形式，一般可以分为以下几种：

1．一般在最后一个名词的词尾加-s或-es 例如：film-goers(常看电影的人)、tooth-brushes（牙刷）、greenhouses（温室、暖房）、go-betweens（中间人）、grown-ups（成年人），maid-servant--maid-servan女仆，step-son--step-sons 继子

2．在主体名词末加-s 例如：lookers-on（旁观者）、passers-by（过路人）、sons-in-law（女婿）、daughters-in-law（媳妇）、gentlemen-at-arms（侍卫官）、ladies-in-waiting（侍女、宫女），coat-of-mail--coats-of-mail

甲

胄，father-in-law--fathers-in-law

岳

父，man-of-war--men-of-war 兵舰

3．两个成分都加变复数，一般是与man构成的复合词

例如：men-doctors（男医生）、women workers（女工人），但German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans；Bowman是姓，其复数是the Bowmans。

但英、美国家的人不用lady来搭配复数，因为它带有轻视的语气。而含boy或girl的复合名词中，boy和girl都不用复数，例如：boy-students（男学生）、girl nurses（女护士）、boy friends（男朋友）、girl monitors女班长

六、特殊形式

1．集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。

例如：people police cattle 等本身就是复数，不能说 a people，a police，a cattle，但可以说a person，a policeman，a head of cattle.注意：the Chinese，the Japanese，the Swiss 等名词，表示国民总称时，作复数用。

如： The Chinese are industries and brave.中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。2．以s结尾，仍为单数的名词，如：

a.maths，politics，physics等学科名词，一般是不可数名词，为单数。

b.news 为不可数名词。

c.the United States，the United Nations 应视为单数。

The United Nations was organized in 1945.联合国是1945年组建起来的。

d.以复数形式出现的书名，剧名，报纸，杂志名，也可视为单数。

例如：“The Arabian Nights” is a very interesting story-book.《一千零一夜》是一本非常有趣的故事书。

3．另外还有一些名词，其复数形式有时可表示特别意思，例如：goods货物，waters水域，fishes（各种）鱼。

the keys: 1．D 2．D 3．C 4．C 5．A 6．C 7．A 8．D 9．C 10．D 11．C 12．A 13．D 14．B 15．B 16．B 17．B 18．C 19．C 20．B 21．C 22．A 23．D 24．C 25．A 26．A 27．C 28．C 29．D 30．B 31．C 32．C 33．B 34．C 35．A 36．C 37．C 38．B 39．B 40．C 41．D 42．A 43．D 44．B 45．A 46．B 47．D 48．B 49．C 50．B 51．C 52．A 53．D 54．C 55．A 56．D 57．A 58．C 59．D 60．B 61．C 62．B 63．B 64．D 65．B 66．C 67．C 68．D 69．D 70．A

七、习题：

1.He was eager to make some extra money, since during these years he could hardly live on his_______.a． little wage b.few wage c.wage d.wages 2.Most of the houses in the village were burnt to ______ during the war.a.an ash b.the ash c.ash d.ashes 3.The students at colleges or universities are making ______ for the coming New Year.a.many preparations b.much preparation c.preparations d.preparation 4.Painting in _____ is one of their spare-time activities.a.oil b.an oil c.oils d.the oil 5.In the view of the foreign experts, there wasn’t ____ oil here.a.much b.lots of c.a great deal of d.many 6.The large houses are being painted, but ______.a.of great expense b.at a great expense c.in a lot of expenses d.by high expense 7.The room was small and contained far too ______.a.much new furniture c.much new furnitures b.many new furniture d.many new furnitures 8.Jim was late for two classes this morning.He said that he forgot both of the ______.a.rooms number b.room number c.room’s numbers d.room numbers 9.Computers can do ______ work in a short time, but a man can not do ______ by himself.a great many„many c.much„a great deal b.a great deal of„much d.many„a great many 10.She didn’t know _____ he had been given.a.how many information c.how many informations b.the number of information d.how much information 11.He invited all of his ______ to join his wedding party.a.comrade-in-arms c.comrades-in-arm b.comrades-in-arms d.comrade-in-arm 12.All the ______ in the hospital got a rise last month.a.women doctors c.woman doctors b.women doctor d.woman doctor 13.After ten years, all these youngsters became_____.a.growns-ups c.growns-up b.grown-up d.grown-ups 14.The police investigated those _____ about the accident.a.stander-by c.standers-by b.stander-bys d.standers-bys 15.The Nazi kept those ______ in their concentration camp.a.prisoner-of-wars c.prisoners-of-war b.prisoners-of-wars d.prisoner-of-war 16.The manager was greatly appreciate that _____ made by Linda lately.a.new reel b.news reel c.new-reels d.news reels 17.Mary’s dress is similar in appearance to her ______.a.elder sister b.elder sister’s c.elder sisters d.elder sisters dress 18.All the people at the conference are ______.a.mathematic teachers c.mathematics teacher b.mathematics teachers d.mathematic’s teachers 19.Professor Mackay told us that ______ of lead are its softness and its resistance.a.some property c.properties b.some properties d.property 20.Physics _____ with matter and motion.a.deal b.deals c.dealing d.are 21.He has written several books, but his last works _____ well known among his friends.a.have b.have been c.is d.are 22.After he checked up my ______ heart, the doctor advised him to rest for a few days.a.father-in-law’s c.father’s-in-law b.father-in-law d.father’s-in-law’s 23.He told me _____ would come to his birthday party.a.many Jack friends c.many Jack’s friend b.Jack’s many friends d.many friends of Jack’s 24.I had my hair cut at the _____ around the corner.a.barber b.barbers c.barber’s d.barbers’ 25.Yesterday evening we had a lovely evening at ______.a.Peter and Helen’s c.Peter and Helen b.Peter and Helens d.Peter’s and Helen’s 26.______ receives only a small portion of the total amount of the sun’s energy.a.The earth’s surface c.The surface of earth b.The surface earth d.The earth surface 27.Numerous materials are available to ______.a.today of designers c.today’s of designers b.today’s designers d.today designers 28.Why did you speak to Peter that way? Don’t you know he is an old friend of ______? a.my brother b.my brothers c.my brother’s d.my brother’s friend 29.______ is a well-informed man.He can tell you anything you want to know.a.This John’s old friend c.That’s Jahn’s old friend b.This old friend of John d.This old friend of John’s 30.______ is too much for a little boy to carry.a.A bike’s weight c.The weight of a bike b.The weights of a bike d.Bile’s weight 31.Generally there are ______ television programs for children on Saturday.a.little b.much c.a large number of d.a large amount of 32.When they got to the lecture-room, there were ______ left.a.only few seats b.a very few seats c.only a few seats d.so a few seats 33.______ travels faster when the zip code is indicated on the envelope.a.A little mail b.A piece of mail c.A mail d.A small mail 34.The Department purchased ______ to improve the working conditions there.a.a new equipment c.new equipments b.a new piece of equipment d.new pieces of equipments 35.The boy tried hard but there has been ______ in his work.a.little improvement c.many improvements b.a little improvement d.few improvements 36.Today’s modern TV cameras require ______ light as compared with the earlier models.a.only a few b.only few c.only a little d.only little 37.No country can afford to neglect ______.a.an education b.educations c.education d.the education 38.Please write the answers to the questions at the end of ______.a.eighth chapter b.chapter eight c.eight chapter d.chapter the eight 39.______ is only surpassed by that of monkeys’ and apes’.a.The intelligent dog c.The intelligence of dogs b.The dogs whose intelligence d.The dogs being intelligent 40.All ______ must take the graduate Management Admission Test.a.business student b.business’s students c.business students d.business’s student 41.______ anywhere in the United States costs less than a dollar when you dial it yourself.a.Three minutes call c.A three-minutes call b.Three-minute call d.A three-minute call 42.The ______ about nuclear energy revolves around the waste problem.a.public’s chief concern c.chief public concern b.public chief concern d.chief concern of public’s 43.______ the first and largest ethnic group to work on the construction of the transcontinental railroad.a.Chinese were b.The Chinese was c.Chinese was d.The Chinese were 44.______ can get a better view of the game than the participants.a.Looker-on b.Lookers-on c.Looker-ons c.Lookers-ons 45.A group of spectators was dispersed by the police who ______ at the scene of the accidents within minutes.a.were b.have been c.was d.has been 46.Our livestock ______ not as numerous as they used to be.a.is b.are c.be d.been 47.One of the most surprising things is that ______ may come from petroleum.a.much of tomorrow food c.many of tomorrow’s food b.much of the food of tomorrow d.much of tomorrow’s food 48.Scott is an orphan but he received ______.a.very good education c.a very good education b.very good educations d.many good educations 49.After several day’s hardworking, we have made ______ on the design.a.much improvement c.many improvement b.several improvements d.some improvement 50.The boy was very happy that his mother bought him a new pair of shoes at a ______ yesterday.a.shoes shop b.shoe shop c.shoes’s shop d.shoe’s 51.Eggs, though nourishing, have ______ of fat content.a.large number b.a large number c.a high amount d.the high amount 52.He has done some ______ on that subject from various angles over the past ten years.a.research b.a research c.researches d.the researches 53.Recently, he has lost all his ______.a.wage and saving at card c.wages and saving at card b.wages and savings at card d.wages and savings at cards 54.The country’s wealth comes chiefly from its many ______.a.herd of cattle b.heard of cattles c.herds of cattle d.herds of cattles 55.In Britain the ______ are all painted red.a.letter boxes b.letters box c.letters boxes d.letters’s box 56.Ten years had passed.I found she had ______.a.a little white hair c.a few white hair b.some white hair d.much white hair 57.All his ______ far from satisfaction a.conduct is b.conduct are c.conducts is d.conducts will be 58.Although the town had been attacked by the storm several times, ______ was done.a.a few damages b.few damages c.little damage d.a little damage 59.He was ______ what to do.a.at his wit end b.at his wits end c.at his wit’s end d.at his wits’s end 60.Would you like to have a cup of tea and ______ with me? a two toasts b.two pieces of toast c.two piece of toasts d.tow pieces of toasts 61.Accurate ______ covering the fact are not obtainable.a.datum b.datums c.data d.datas 62.On Monday morning some teachers exchanged a few ______.a.how-are-yous c.how-are-you’s b.of how-are-you’s d.of how are you 63.Albert said he met the girl ______ a.at his uncle’s Smith room c.at his uncle Smith’s room b.at Smith’s his uncle’s room d.at the room of his uncle’s Smith’s 64.It is four months since I last saw Keats ______.a.at Mrt Smith’s ,the book seller c.at my aunt’s, a book seller b.at my aunt’s, Mrs Palmer’s d.at Mrs Palmer’s, the book seller’s 65.This room is ______.a.the editor’s-in-chief’s office c.the editor-in-chief’s office b.the editor-in-chief office d.the editor’s-in-chief office 66.My old classmate, Comrade Sun ,works at ______.a.a teacher college c.a teacher’s college b.a teachers’s college d.a college of a teacher’s 67.The policemen put the criminal ______.a.in a iron b.into a iron c.in irons d.into a pair of iron 68.Our teacher gave me ______.a.an advice b.the advice c.many advice d.much advice 69.My mother cut the cloth with ______ scissors.a.a b.two c.a couple of d.a pair of 70.My house is within ______ from the railway station.a.a stone’s throw b.a throw of a stone c.stone’s throw d.the stone’s throw

英语名词改复数的方法篇2

一、可数名词复数形式规则的变化有

1.一般情况加-s

bag—bags desk—desks word—words

2.以s、x、sh、ch结尾的名词加-es

box—boxeswatch—watchesbus—busesbrush—brushes

3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词, 变y为i再加-es

city—cities factory—factories baby—babies

4.以f或fe结尾的名词, 一般变f或fe为v再加-es

leaf—leaves wife—wives wolf—wolves

简记:树叶 (leaf) 半数 (half) 自己 (self) 黄,

妻子 (wife) 拿刀 (knife) 去杀狼 (wolf) ,

架 (shelf) 后小偷 (thief) 逃命忙。

5.以字母o结尾的名词, o前为辅音字母加-es, o前为元音字母加-s

tomato—tomatoes hero—heroes potato—potatoes

zoo—zoos radio—radios kangaroo—kangaroo

例外:photo—photos piano—pianos

简记:

名词单数变复数, 直接加-s占多数,

词尾若是f或fe, 加-s之前要变ve,

辅音字母+y, 要把y变i.

二、可数名词复数形式不规则的变化有

1. 变内部元音

foot—feet tooth—teethgoose—geese

men—man woman—women mouse—mice

2. 在词尾加en

ox—oxen child—children

3. 形式不变

sheep—sheep deer—deer

简记:男女孩子们的脚踩住老鼠的牙齿

三、复合名词的复数形式

1. 一般将主体名词变为复数

computer room—computer roomstooth-brush—toothbrushes

2. 无主体名词时在词尾加-s

grown-up—grown-ups look-out—look-outs

3. 两部分都变复数

man worker——men workerswoman driver——women drivers

简记:性别加职业, 两者都得变

四、表示“某国人”的名词, 单数变复数的形式有

1. 单复数同形

Chinese—Chinese Japanese—Japanese

2. 变词尾man为men

Englishman—Englishmen Frenchman—Frenchmen

3. 词尾加-s

German—Germans American—Americans

简记:“中日友好, 英法联盟, 其他的该s”

练一练

写出下列名词的复数形式

1.watch 2.tooth 3.Chinese 4.knife 5.photo 6.child 7.bus8.radio9.mouse10.word11.woman teacher 12.class 13.desk 14.son-in-law 15.foot

参考答案

英语名词改复数的方法篇3

本文着力于从中学生在名词复数的掌握当中存在各种问题入手，从几方面予以探讨。这些方面有：首先，英语是一种曲折语，每一个可数名词都具备单数和复数两种形式。第二，数的概念在英语和汉语当中有不同。第三，在英语学习当中数的概念相当复杂，有一些名词兼具可数和不可数两种意义。有个别单词单复数形式相同。最后一点，也是至关重要的一点，在中国，大多数人学习英语仅局限于课堂，他们在日常生活当中对于语言的应用有限，而这对于语言的学习是极其不利的。

一、复数的概念

1.在英语当中复数概念不仅仅针对名词，人称代词、冠词、动词等都有复数形式

总体上，英语当中可数名词的复数概念是在词尾加上复数后缀s/es，一些源自于古英语的单词有较为特殊的后缀形式，例如：foot—feet，child—children 等；有些单词单、复数形式相同：sheep—sheep ；个别舶来语后缀较为特殊phenomenon—phenomena；个别名词仅有复数概念，例如：glasses，scissors，trousers...还有个别单词进行词根的变化：mouse—mice

名词变复数规则：

（1）词尾+s/es： teacher—teachers

（2）sh/ch/x/s以及个别以o结尾的单词词尾+—s/es：box—boxes； piano-pianos；hero-heroes

（3）词根变化：foot—feet；basis—bases

（4）单复数同形：means—means；sheep —sheep

（5）舶来语后缀：analysis—analyses；phenomenon— phenomena

（6）词尾加en： ox— oxen；child—children

2.名词复数的错误构成

在建立于2003年中国学习者英語语料库中，具有大约一百万个单词的词汇量，它是中国内地首部书面语料库。它包括了我国第一次统计出来的中国学习者的词频排列表、拼写失误表、词目表、词频分布表、语法标注频数表、言语失误表。

中国学习者英语语料库对中国学生学习英语当中出现的每种错误都编注了主要错误类型代码和次代码。其中语义性失误包括词汇、名词、搭配、代词、介词、连词；每一种主要错误类型又包括次要错误类型一个，例如词形错误又可重新归类，分为：拼写错误、构词法错误、大小写错误；失误率最高的在中学学习者为拼写包括名词复数、大小写（fm3）和句法结构（sn8）包括时态练习、主谓一致等。

下表是关于名词变复数学习过程当中出现的错误种类的统计，英语学习当中的名词变复数有六种错误类型，构词1（fm1）、构词2（fm2）、动词短语（VP）、名词短语（NP）……fm1包括拼写、缩略符号、缩写等；fm2包括衍生词、词形变化、复合词、复数形式；fm3指大小写；vp包括动词短语搭配、主谓一致；np5指不可数名词用作可数名词。这几种错误类型是学习者在应用名词复数概念当中经常出现的问题。

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针对初中学生名词单复数失误的现象进行了研究，发现：

（1）学习者的母语干扰是造成名词单复数失误的主要原因。例如：汉语当中“肥皂”一词是可数概念，而在英文当中它是不可数名词。

（2）中学生名词单复数失误最多的是名词复数形式使用不足、主谓一致考虑不周等。

（3）名词单复数失误与学习者英语水平相关主要表现在：低水平学习者使用失误的名词多数为常用的简单的名词，较高水平的学习者使用失误的名词多数是较复杂的抽象或物质名词。

二、研究对象

基于以上认识，笔者将被调研对象分为：小学较高年级组（5-6）年级（st1）、初一年级组（st2）、初二年级组（st3）、初三年级组（st4）。为了开展进一步研究，笔者从六年级到初三选择了共6个班级，共200多名学生，其中六年级2个班，7年级2个班，8、9年级各一个班：

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三、调研方式采用定性研究和定量研究结合

定量研究建立在自命题书面答卷基础上，定性研究建立在面试（口试）答题情况的汇总。答题纸由2部分组成，测试目的：1.测试学生名词变复数规则掌握情况及基本单词发音；2.调查测试者是否受汉语影响；3.调查学生学习名词变复数概念当中所应用的方法策略。

1.测试第一部分的section A包括基础名词的复数形式拼写；section B包括测试者对于名词复数后缀的发音的掌握。

读音规则：

（1）以s，z，sh，ch这四种音结尾的词变复数后s都读作/iz/。

（2）t结尾的变复数应把t和s连在一起读成/ts/这个音，d结尾的变复数后把d和s连在一起读成/dz/这个音。

2.测试的第二部分是五句简单的中译英，主要测试的是母语在英语学习当中的迁移影响。所有的句子当中都包括有汉语、英语用法显著不同的单词。被测试者不能像在作文测试当中一样选择回避未掌握的单词。为了进一步了解学生对英语名词复数概念的掌握程度，除去中译英外，另外设计了几个主观补充问题：

Question 1：How well do you think you’ve learned English noun plurals？

Question 2：Do you often pay attention to the spelling and usage of English noun plurals？

Question 3：Do your teachers frequently correct your errors in using plural nouns in writing and speaking English？

Question 4：What do you think is the most difficult thing when you learn the plural form of English？Spelling or the use of uncountable nouns？

Question 5：Will you slate the reason why you translate the sentence wrongly？Is there anything to do with the influence of your mother tough？

Question 6： What is your suggestion for other beginners about how to learn English noun plurals more efficiently？

测试时间一节课。测试时学生允许查字典和参考书。为了使测试具有更广泛的可信度，测试结束后笔者与测试者谈话。

四、结果分析

根据SECTION A的数据显示，列出以下图表：（横坐标：名词变复数规则；纵坐标：被测试者在名词变复数的学习当中所犯错误比率）

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数据显示在最为基础的名词复数规则的第一、第二条当中英语能力较强的初三、初二学生并不具备优越性；对于较为复杂的第三、第四、第五条规则，英语水平越高，错误率越低。这主要因为：

1.英语水平越高的学生对于基础就越不重视，抓基础、促巩固不容忽视。

2.较高英语水平的学生在第三、第四、第五条规则当中错误较少，说明他们对较难掌握的变化规则练习较多。第六项规则所有学生错误率相差不大。从规则一到六难度增加，相对各程度的学生错误率也在增加。规则五多为舶来语，而且在日常生活当中应用较少，错误率最高，应加强该项规則的训练，由上得出结论：名词变复数错误率由高到低依次为：R1

根据SECTION B的数据显示，在名词变复数的发音测试中：较高英语水平的学习者在语音方面的错误较少。

在翻译测试当中，由于母语的影响个别测试者将“你的手套很漂亮。”翻译成“Your gloves very beautiful.”“你喜欢吃面条吗？”翻译成“Do you like eating noodle？” 因为汉语当中的“手套”“面条”“裤子”“剪刀”不管代表是单数还是复数概念它们总是单数形式，而在英语当中它们都是复数名词，代表复数概念。汉语当中的“一条长裤”是单数含义，而英语当中则代表复数。由此可见汉语在英语学习当中对学习者的思维定势具有举足轻重的作用。

对于6个补充问题的回答，对于第一个问题，63.6%的St1，49.3%的 St2，27.3%的 St3 ， 43.7%的 St4 认为较难；对于英语的名词复数学习是否受汉语影响，部分被测试者认为，他们在回答问题之前总是习惯性地将问题先在脑海中进行汉语预设，然后在逐词逐句翻译成英文。对于问题4答案不尽相同，有些认为不规则词根变化最难掌握，读音较难掌握；也有人认为有两种复数形式的较难掌握；或者具有单数形式但是表达复数概念，例如people和 police 等，或具有复数形式但是却有单数意义的词语较难掌握。

五、结论与建议

通过收集分析试卷当中产生的数据，得出以下结论：

结论一：在我们国家，具有较高英语专业水平的学生，往往比较低专业水平的学生更加容易受到母语的影响。

结论二：汉语的语言习惯对英语的名词复数概念习得具有负面作用。

如何更好地掌握名词变复数，总结有以下几个建议：

1.找出名词变复数的规则，在加以分类、细化的基础上进行有效记忆。

2.加强基础单词的名词变复数训练。

3.对于不规则的名词复数变化，随时复习。

4.结合上下文语境，对较为生僻的名词复数形式加强应用、复习。

5.对于新学到的单词会举一反三。例如：学习theses—thesis应该会想到analyses—analysis.

6.对每次做过的练习随时巩固，建立错题集，及时订正。

参考文献：

[1]桂涛春，杨惠中.中国学习者英语语料库.上海：上海外语教育出版社，2003.

[2]寮菲.第二语言习得中母语迁移现象分析.外语教学与研究，1998（2）：58.

[3]朱中部.英语写作中的汉语负迁移.解放军外国语学院学报，1999（2）：28-30.

英语名词单数变复数篇4

一、名词单数变复数的规则变化 1.一般在名词词尾加“-s” map—maps地图bird—birds鸟

orange—oranges 桔子bike—bikes自行车 2.以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词加“-es” box—boxes盒子class—classes班级

watch—watches手表dish-dishes盘，碟子，餐具 3.以o结尾的无生命的名词后面加“-s” photo—photos相片radio—radios收音机 zoo—zoos动物园

以o结尾的有生命的名词后面加“-es”

tomato—tomatoes西红柿potato—potatoes土豆 hero—heroes英雄negro—negroes黑人 4.以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i加“-es” baby—babies婴儿family—families家庭以元音字母加y结尾的名词直接加“-s” boy—boys男孩toy—toys 玩具

5.以fe或f结尾的名词，把fe或f变为v加“-es” knife—knives小刀wife—wives妻子 leaf—leaves树叶

二、名词单数变复数的不规则变化

1.child—childrenfoot—feettooth—teeth mouse—miceman—menwoman—women 注意：与man和woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是-men和-women，例如：anEnglishman—two Englishmen 但German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans；Bowman是姓，其复数是the Bowmans（鲍曼一家）。

2.单复数同形的名词

例如：deer鹿，sheep绵羊，fish鱼，Chinese中国人，Japanese日本人

注意：除人民币元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。例如: a dollar—two dollars 3.集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。

例如： people人，police警察，cattle牛等本身就是复数，不能说 a people，a police，a cattle，但可以说 a person，a policeman，a head of cattle the English，the British，the French，the Chinese，the Japanese等名词，表示国民总称时，作复数用，例如：

The Chinese are hard-working and brave.中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。

三、以s结尾，仍为单数的名词 1.maths数学，politics政治（学），physics物理学等学科名词，为不可数名词，是单数。

2.news消息、新闻，为不可数名词。

3.the United States美国，the United Nations联合国，应视为单数。

The United Nations was organized in 1945.联合国是1945年组建起来的。

4.以复数形式出现的书名，剧名，报纸，杂志名，也视为单数。“The Arabian Nights” is a very interesting story-book.<<一千零一夜>>是一本非常有趣的故事书。注意：

英语名词变复数的几种形式篇5

1.名词复数的构成方法

(1)在一般情况下，加词尾-s：

book / books pen / pens face / faces 清辅音后读/s/

map-maps

浊辅音和元音后读 /z/

bag-bags car-cars(2)以 s, x, sh, ch 等结尾的名词，通常加词尾-es读 /iz/：

bus/buses

watch/watches box / boxes dish / dishes 注：有些以 ch 结尾的名词，由于其发音不是 [k] 而是 [tF]，那么其复数形式应加词尾 –s，如stomach / stomachs 胃。(3)以y 结尾的名词，其复数构成要分两种情况：以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词，将 y 改为 ies；读 /z/

baby / babies city / cities

以“元音字母＋y”结尾的名词，直接加词尾y”s：

boy / boys key / keys 注：以 y 结尾的专有名词，若在某些特殊情况下需要复数，通常加 s 构成：Mary / Marys 玛丽 Germany / Germanys 德国

(4)以 o 结尾的名词，有些加词尾-s，有些加-es，有些加-es-s 或-es 均可：在中学英语范围内，加词尾 es 的主要有以下4个：

tomato 西红柿，potato 土豆，hero 英雄，Negro 黑人Negro 这样记“黑人英雄他妈偷土豆”，(5)以 f 或 fe 结尾的名词，也有两种可能：即有些直接加词尾-s，有些则把 f / fe 改为 ves：chief / chiefs 首领 roof / roofs 屋顶 knife / knives 小刀

注：在中学英语范围内，要改 f / fe 为 ves 的只有以下10个词： thief 小偷

wife妻子

leaf 树叶

knife 小刀

half 一半

wolf 狼

shelf 架子

self 自己 life 生命

loaf 面包

“小偷的妻子用树叶当刀杀死了半只狼，挂在架子上当面包烤自己又活了”

wife-wives, life-lives thief-thieves, leaf-leaves

2.单数与复数同形式的名词中学英语中主要的有： sheep 绵羊 fish 鱼 deer 鹿

Chinese 中国人

Japanese 日本人 Portuguese 葡萄牙人

aircraft 飞行器 means 方法 series 系列 head(牛等的)头数 works 工厂

注：fish 有时也用 fishes 这样的复数形式，尤其表示种类时；head 若不是牲口的“头数”，而是表示“人的头”或“人数”，则要用” heads 这样的复数形式。

3.不规则的复数名词有的名词单数变复数时，没有一定的规则：

man / men 男人 woman / women 女人 child / children 小孩 tooth / teeth 牙齿

foot / feet 脚 goose / geese

鹅 mouse / mice 老鼠 ox / oxen 公牛

注：(1)一些以 man, woman 结尾的合成词，在构成复数与 man, woman 的变化形式相同，如：policeman / policemen 警察，gentleman / gentlemen 警察，Englishman / Englishmen 英国人，等等。但是 human(人)，German(德国人)不是合成词，其复数不能仿 man 的变化规律，而是按规则变化，即用 humans, Germans。

英语名词复数规则及练习题篇6

2.以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches

3.以“辅音字母 y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries

4.以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives ]

Leaf——leaves

5.不规则名词复数：

man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen,

child-children

foot-feet,.tooth-teeth

fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese

写出下列各词的复数

I _________him _________this ___________her ______

watch _______child _______photo ________diary ______

day________ foot________ book_______ dress ________

tooth_______ sheep ______box_______ strawberry _____

peach______ sandwich ______dish_______bus_______

名词复数讲堂篇7

1. 一般情况加-s:清辅音后读/s/,浊辅音和元音后读/z/。例如:

map—mapsboy—boysgirl—girlspen—pensbag—bagscar—cars

2. 以s, sh, ch, x等结尾加-es, 读/iz/。例如:

bus—buseswatch—watchesbox—boxesbrush—brushes

3. 以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i再加es, 读/z/。例如:

baby—babiescity—citiescountry—countries

但以y结尾的专有名词,或元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时,直接加s即可。例如:

two Marysthe Henrysmonkey—monkeysholiday—holidays

4. 以o结尾的名词,变复数时:

a. 加s。如: photo—photospiano—pianosradio—radioszoo—zoos

b. 加es。如: potato—potatoestomato—tomatoes

c. 上述a和b两种方法均可。如: zero—zeros/zeroes

5. 以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时:

a. 加s。如: belief—beliefsroof—roofssafe—safesgulf—gulfs;

b. 去f/fe加ves。如: half—halvesknife—knivesleaf—leaveswolf—wolveswife—wiveslife—livesthief—thieves;

c. 上述a和b两种方法均可。例如: handkerchief—handkerchiefs/handkerchieves

二、名词复数的不规则变化

1. child—childrenfoot—feettooth—teethmouse—miceman—menwoman—women

注意:由一个词加man或woman构成的合成词,其复数形式也是-men和-women,如an Englishman, two Englishmen。但German不是合成词,故复数形式为Germans; Bowman是姓,其复数是the Bowmans。

2. 单复数同形,如deer, sheep, fish, Chinese, Japanese, li, jin, yuan, two li, three mu, four jin等。但除人民币的元、角、分外,美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如:a dollar—two dollars; a meter—two meters。

3. 集体名词,以单数形式出现,但实为复数。如: people, police, cattle 等本身就是复数,不能说 a people, a police, a cattle,但可以说a person, a policeman, a head of cattle。

4. 以s结尾,仍为单数的名词,如:

a. maths, politics, physics等学科名词,一般是不可数名词,为单数。

b. news 为不可数名词。

c. the United States, the United Nations 应视为单数。例如:

The United Nations was organized in 1945. 联合国是1945年组建起来的。

d. 以复数形式出现的书名,剧名,报纸,杂志名,也可视为单数。例如:

The Arabian Nights is a very interesting story-book.

《一千零一夜》是一本非常有趣的故事书。

5. 表示由两部分构成的东西,如:glasses(眼镜), trousers, clothes等,若表达具体数目,要借助数量词pair(对,双); suit(套)等,如: a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers等。

6. 另外还有一些名词,其复数形式有时可表示特别意思,如:goods货物, waters水域,fishes(各种)鱼。

三、不可数名词量的表示