考研英语图表作文写作常识

2024-08-04

考研英语图表作文写作常识(共9篇)

考研英语图表作文写作常识 篇1

考研英语图表作文写作常识50例

中国研究生招生信息网

2007年05月28日 16:53

一、图表作文写作常识

1、图形种类及概述法:

泛指一份数据图表:a data graph/chart/diagram/illustration/table

饼图:pie chart

直方图或柱形图:bar chart / histogram

趋势曲线图:line chart / curve diagram

表格图:table

流程图或过程图:flow chart / sequence diagram

程序图:processing/procedures diagram

2、常用的描述用法

The table/chart diagram/graph shows(that)

According to the table/chart diagram/graph

As(is)shown in the table/chart diagram/graph

As can be seen from the table/chart/diagram/graph/figures,figures/statistics shows(that)……

It can be seen from the figures/statistics

We can see from the figures/statistics

It is clear from the figures/statistics

It is apparent from the figures/statistics

table/chart/diagram/graph figures(that)……

table/chart/diagram/graph shows/describes/illustrates how……

3、图表中的数据(Data)具体表达法

数据(Data)在某一个时间段固定不变:fixed in time

在一系列的时间段中转变:changes over time

持续变化的data在不同情况下:

增加:increase / raise / rise / go up ……

减少:decrease / grow down / drop / fall ……

波动:fluctuate / rebound / undulate / wave ……

稳定:remain stable / stabilize / level off ……

最常用的两种表达法:

动词+副词形式(Verb+Adverb form)

形容词+名词形式(Adjective+Noun form)

二、相关常用词组

1、主章开头

图表类型:table、chart、diagramgraph、column chart、pie graph

描述:show、describe、illustrate、can be seen from、clear、apparent、reveal、represent

内容:figure、statistic、number、percentage、proportion

2、表示数据变化的单词或者词组

rapid/rapidly 迅速的,飞快的,险峻的 dramatic/dramatically 戏剧性的,生动的

significant/significantly 有意义的,重大的,重要的 sharp/sharply 锐利的,明显的,急剧的 steep/steeply 急剧升降的

steady/steadily 稳固的,坚定不移的 gradual/gradually 渐进的,逐渐的 slow/slowly 缓慢的,不活跃的 slight/slightly 轻微的、略微地

stable/stably 稳定的3、其它在描述中的常用到的词

significant changes 图中一些较大变化

noticeable trend 明显趋势

during the same period 在同一时期

grow/grew 增长

distribute 分布,区别

unequally 不相等地

in the case of adv.在……的情况下

in terms of / in respect of / regarding 在……方面

in contrast 相反,大不相同

government policy 政府政策

market forces 市场规率

measure n.尺寸,方法,措施v.估量,调节

forecastn.先见,预见v.预测

考研英语图表作文写作常识 篇2

雅思学术类写作考试中的Task 1 考察考生解释、说明信息的能力, 这些信息通常体现在图解、表格和插图中。考生必须用自己的话说明这些信息, 不要用注释的形式进行写作。文章字数应该不少于规定的150 字。考生在作文中无需阐述自己的意见、做出假设对所给信息做出结论性的评价。与Task 2 相比, 这一部分的模式化程度更高些。因此, 图表作文的写作可以分为以下四个步骤:

一、审题

学术类Task 1 的题目说明通常是要求考生向大学老师写一份报告, 并假定该老师没有见过图表材料, 因此, 考生作文即为提供图表数据的唯一来源。考生不能想当然地认为阅卷老师应该知道数据是如何变化的, 而应用相对专业的词汇将这些数据描述清楚。

通常, 题目会设定一个背景, 告诉考生数据的来源、内容或含义。题目往往说明该数据来自某个国家, 这只是出题者为了使数据显得真实、或者更有趣, 但考生完全无需对该国家情况进行描述。

二、构思

审题后就要对文章进行大概构思, 其一, 分析图表的主要特征, 其二, 弄清写作重点及选用适当的分析方法。分析图表的主要特征是写作的基础内容。考生需要弄清楚图表所要表达的问题、主要规律等等, 对于多个图表的组合题目还需分析各图表间的关系。图表往往有很多数据, 但不是每个数据都需要描述。然后选择分析方法: 分类法、数据比较法、平铺直叙法和显著特征描述法。

三、写作

在确定了题目要求和写作方向后就可以着手确定文章结构了, 主要包括文章分几段、每段描述哪些数据、各段间的顺序如何安排。图表作文一般可分为引言、正文和结尾三部分。

1. 开好引言段, 把握主题句的准确表达。引言段开头必须是主题句。主题句一般要开门见山、简洁明了地告诉读者你在图表中看到了什么。在引言部分应就图表的基本情况进行描述, 但无需详细说明。一般来说, 引言段中的主题句应告诉读者, 文章引用的信息出自表格还是示意图, 其内容指的是什么等等。此外, 该主题句还应说明图中数字代表什么、所指对象及相应的人和时间。这个句子信息量大, 为读者理解下文做了很好的铺垫。写作命题中可能已经提供合适的主题句。如果是这种情况, 千万不要原封不动地抄下来, 考生应重新组织一下语言, 使之与提供的命题语气稍有区别。

2. 描写图表。在描写图表时, 应着重描写体现图表主要特点或总体变化规律的数据或信息, 忽略无关紧要的变化状况或没有“特色”的数据。此外, 还应该注意使用衔接词和转承短语, 使文章显得紧凑, 逻辑性强。

3. 结尾段。与Task 2 不同, Task 1 末尾不需要加一段“单独”的结论, 因为Task 1 没有要求用一句话做出结论或评论。学术类写作Task 1 中要求考生描述图表, 作文中发表个人见解是不合适的, 反而可能导致扣分。

4. 检查。由于紧张, 考生在考场上常会犯一些写作错误。因此, 考生应尽量留出2 ~ 3 分钟时间对文章进行全面检查。以下问题需要特别注意:

( 1) 拼写错误。频繁和低级的拼写错误会使考生得高分的可能性大打折扣。因此, 考生应认真检查名词单复数、动词过去分词、过去式等形式。还应注意标点符号的使用。

( 2) 不规则书写。该大写的时候不大写, 不该大写的时候反而大写, 或者采用不正规的缩写形式。除此之外, 由于作文部分涉及大量的书写, 考生应尽量工整、清晰的完成答卷, 避免由于辨认不清而导致的扣分现象。

( 3) 语法错误。包括主谓一致、时态一致等问题。这里要提醒考生注意句子成分的完整性, 有些考生片面追求句式复杂多变, 却忽略了句子成分的完整性, 最常见的是长句子中缺少谓语、多谓语或没有连接词。考生应该明确, 高分作文句式多变是建立在准确的基础上的。

( 4) 数字表达不清。图表作文字数往往很多, 考生由于紧张, 在考场上易将数字混淆, 如抄错数字、看串行等。另外, 考生还易混淆一些有关数字的表达法, 如: “A是B的N倍”与“A比B多N倍”。

考研英语图表作文写作常识 篇3

考研英语图表作文的写作指令有两点:① Interpret the chart;② Give your comments。考研英语图表作文与一般作文的最大区别在于第一段,因为考生需要完成写作指令中的第一项任务——interpret the chart。既然是interpret,那就不能简单地把图表中的数据描述一番了事。要知道,描述图表是为了揭示出图表所蕴含的意义,因而描述图表只是手段,而非目的。本文中,笔者就来阐述考研英语图表作文第一段(图表描述段)的写作技巧。要写好这一段,考生需要做到三点:①提炼出图表的主旨;②简要引用数据作为支撑;③掌握描述图表的常用表达。下面笔者就以2010年和2012年的考研英语图表写作真题为例来具体说明。

图表作文题以图表的形式反映某种发展趋势或某个社会现象。因此,考生在描述图表时最重要的就是找出图表所反映的趋势或现象。图表一般都带有标题,它是图表内容的高度概括。所以,考生在下笔描述图表之前一定要细读图表的标题,了解图表的大致内容,然后分析图表中的数据。考生要通过对数据的横向和纵向分析,找出其背后所隐藏的意义,即图表的主旨。

分析:上图是2010年考研英语(二)大作文的图表,体现的是2000~2008年发达国家和发展中国家手机入网用户增长的差异。通过观察图表可以看出:发达国家起点高,但在这九年间手机入网用户数量的增幅却不大,到2008年增加到10亿;发展中国家起点低,但手机入网用户数量增长迅猛,从2003年开始已经超过发达国家,到2008年飙升至40亿。由此考生可以得出这幅图表所要传达的主旨:发达国家和发展中国家手机入网用户数量的增长速度差异很大。

某公司员工工作满意度调查

分析:上图是2012年考研英语(二)大作文的图表,比较了某公司不同年龄段的员工对工作满意度的差异。通过这些数据,考生可以发现这家公司的老年员工对工作最满意,青年员工对工作比较不满意,而中年员工对工作最不满意。由此考生可以提炼出这幅图表的主旨:在这家公司里,不同年龄的员工对工作的满意度差别很大。

既然考研英语图表作文的第一段要interpret the chart,那考生就不仅要描述图表,还要揭示出图表的主旨。确切地说,揭示出图表的主旨更为重要,因为那是作文论述的主题。为此,笔者推荐考生在描述图表时采用“揭示主旨+简要述图”的模式来写,即第一句开门见山地把图表的主旨表达出来,然后第二、三句引用图表中的数据作为支撑来进一步说明。由于描述图表只是手段而非目的,所以描述宜简洁,在引用图表中的数据时一般只需引用最小值、最大值这些特殊值即可,切不可把图表中的数据一股脑儿地都抄上去。

下面是2010年考研英语图表作文第一段的范文,请考生参考。

Developed and developing countries witnessed different rates of growth in mobile-phone subscriptions from 2000 to 2008. As the bar graph shows, the number of mobile-phone subscribers in developed countries rose steadily from 0.7 billion in 2000 to one billion in 2008. By stark contrast, mobile-phone subscribers in developing countries soared from 0.4 billion to four billion in the same period of time.

范文的第一句表明了图表的主旨:发达国家和发展中国家在2000~2008年间的手机入网用户增长率不同。然后用两句话描述图表,通过引用图表中的数据来说明增长率是如何不同的。虽然图表中的数据很多,但是这里只引用了四个极值,从而实现了描述的简化。

再来看2012年考研英语图表作文第一段的范文。

Job satisfaction varies greatly in different age groups within the company. As is shown in the table, workers aged 41 to 50 are least satisfied with their job, with 64% registering dissatisfaction. However, those aged over 50 are most satisfied, with only 10% feeling dissatisfied. As for workers aged 40 and younger, 33.3% are dissatisfied.

范文的第一句表达了这幅图表的主旨:在这家公司中,不同年龄组的员工对工作的满意度差别很大。然后用三句话引用图表中的三个关键数据来具体说明这种差别,简洁而有力。

总之,考生在写考研英语图表作文的第一段时,可以先用一句话概括出图表所反映的现象或趋势,然后引用图表中的关键数据来进一步说明。如果说图表的主旨是“红花”,那么引用的图表中的数据就是“绿叶”,“绿叶”是为了衬托“红花”,不可喧宾夺主。

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为了把图表描述得规范、得体,考生还要掌握描述图表的一些独特的表达方式,主要有以下几类。

1. 图表的说法

考研英语图表作文中不管考的是什么图表,都可以将之统称为chart (图表)。当然,图表又可以细分为以下几种主要类型:2010年所考的可以称为bar graph (条形图,柱状图),2012年所考的可以称为table (表格),1999年考到了line graph (折线图,曲线图),还有一种尚未考过的pie graph (饼状图,扇形图)。掌握了这些词汇,考生就可以根据具体情况贴切地使用了。

2. 从图表中引用数据的说法

考生要引用图表中的数据时,需要使用一些特定的表达法来引出数据,如:

According to the chart/table/graph, …

As the chart/table/graph shows, …

As is shown in the chart/table/graph, …

As can be seen from the chart/table/graph, …

It can be seen from the chart/table/graph that …

3. 描述数量变化时的常用表达

图表中的数据可能有上升、下降的变化,变化也有平稳、急剧之分,考生需要掌握描述数据的常用表达方式。

①表示上升的动词:increase (增加)、rise (上升)、go up (上升)、soar (猛增)、rocket (急剧上升)、jump (跃增)、hit (达到)、top (超过)等。

②表示下降的动词:decrease (减少)、decline (下降)、drop (下跌)、fall (下降)、slip (下跌)、plunge (突降)等。

③表示增、减或波动的句型:

The number of … increased/fell steadily/gradually from … in 2001 to … in 2008.

There was a steady/gradual increase/fall in the number of … from … in 2001 to … in 2008.

There was a slight/sharp increase/fall in the number of … from … in 2001 to … in 2008.

There was a slight/dramatic fluctuation in the number of … between 2001 and 2003.

④表示变化不大或没有变化的句型:

The number of … stayed/remained steady/stable/constant/the same between 2001 and 2003.

There was little/hardly any change in the number of … between 2001 and 2003.

⑤表示达到最高、最低点的句型:

The figure peaked at … in 2008.

The figure reached a peak/a high/a low at … in 2008.

小试牛刀:请考生观察下面这幅1999年考研英语作文的图表,然后按照本文所介绍的描述图表的方法写这篇作文的第一段。

考研英语图表作文写作常识 篇4

It is obvious in the graphic/table that the rate/number/amount of Y has undergone dramatic changes. It has gone up/grown/fallen/dropped considerably in recent years (as X varies). At the point of X1, Y reaches its peak value of …(多少).

What is the reason for this change? Mainly there are … (多少) reasons behind the situation reflected in the graphic/table. First of all, …(第一个原因). More importantly, …(第二个原因). Most important of all, …(第三个原因).

英语四级句型:图表类写作 篇5

2.The number of__________nearly doubled,as compared with those__________of last year.

3.The percentage of__________almost doubled,aS compared with that__________of last year.

4.The figure increaSed more than six times compared With__________.

5.The number dropped almost twice compared with__________.

6.The percentage decreased about two and a halftimes compared With__________.

7.The percentage is twice as much as that of__________.

8.The number is four times as much as that of__________.

9.The percentage is half as much as that of__________.

10.The rate was A percent,less than a half of the total.

11.According to the chart/graph,__________.

12.As can be seen from the table__________.

13.As shown in the diagram__________.

14.It is clear/apparent from the figure/statistics__________.

15.The chart reveals that__________.

16.The graph shows that __________ .

17.The table suggests that __________.

18.The diagram suggests that__________.

19.From the statistics given in table,we estimate that __________ .

考研英语图表作文写作常识 篇6

首先,雅思小作文图表题大致有5大类型:线图、饼图、柱状图、表格和混合图。(地图题和流程图为另一种小作文,这里不做介绍。)图表题一种为静态、一种为动态。图表题主要考察的是考生对于数据的分析归纳及表达,总的来说,混合图会比其他图表题描述上复杂一些。

雅思图表作文结构之:主体自然分段

因此,根据不同类型的图表作文,可以进行自然分段。混合图表一般为2组图表结合,表述内容不同,可以根据图表进行自然分段。那么其他类型的单个图表,则可以按照图表的主题、数据的特征及数据主次关系进行分段。那么在主体段落,建议考生按照数据情况自然分为两段。主体部分的内容分段,力求数据分明,简单明了。

举个例子,剑雅4的第一篇小作文题目为澳大利亚不同家庭贫困的比例,一共有6组数据,分别有单亲家庭、失独家庭、有子女家庭及单身等,比较明显的数据显示是单亲及失独家庭的贫困比例,而其他家庭类型的贫困比例相对小,且低于平均数。此时,可以将文章结构自然分段为4段,第一段转述题目,第二段分析单亲及失独家庭数据(平均值以上),第三段分析其他家庭(平均值以下),第四段总结。

雅思图表作文结构之:总分结构

说完文章的主体,我们再来看整体框架,一般来说,建议考生以总—分结构来分段,自然段依然是总—分结构。

正文有了自然分段,小作文一般以3-4个自然段分段比较合理。在每个段落中加上自然过渡句。首段为全文的概述,比如转写题目和稍作总结,进入第二段,首句就可以一句概括:从图表可看出单亲家庭更容易导致贫困。接下来进行论述,以数据分析为主。同样第三段也是总结和数据分析结构。

最后一段可总结可不总结。

要注意的是,一般来说第二段的数据处理要重视主要数据,并不是所有数据都需要罗列,分清主次,懂得取舍是雅思图表作文数据处理的关键。

雅思图表作文结构之:句子结构

说完分段和框架结构,我们来说说句子结构,在雅思图表作文的句型结构上,考生大致以总结句和论述句两种句型为主,总结句也就是概括性句子,要求直白,突出重点即可。一般以简单句为主,陈述语气,符合雅思写作评分标准的流畅度要求即可。

重点是之后的论述句,考生可以以不同的句型进行描述,衔接,想要达到6-8分的雅思写作中水平,那么这种衔接首段的把握就很重要。

比较直白的衔接有一些词可以运用:similarly, bycontrast, conversely, to a lesser / greater extent等。

当然,描述趋势变化也是一种自然的衔接,仅仅用个体在数字上的增减变化来描述,不如总整体的趋势上去描述来的自然流畅。

所以,考生要明白,雅思图表作文的数据对于论述的意义,是支持某种事实或结论,而不只是作为数据罗列凑字数的。同时,这种数据描述非常适合使用复杂句,比如各类从句,并列、转折等。

雅思写作素材之工作和社会类

职业 Occupation

1 在城市工作

1. Cities are the centres of progress and development. Multinational companies also abound in these places.

城市是进步和发展的中心,跨国公司也经常聚集于此。

2. Due to these reasons, cities are able to offer more job opportunities to people.

由于这些原因,城市能够为人们提供更多的工作机会。

3. There are several advantages of working in a great and thriving metropolis.

在兴盛的大城市工作有很多好处。

4. Big corporations provide good training programs to their employees. Some even send chosen individuals to be trained in other countries.

这样的大公司能够为员工提供很好的培训项目,一些公司甚至还将员工派往国外接受培训。

5. To maintain a certain standard of services, companies get the best people from among a pool of applicants.

为了保证服务的标准,公司会从一堆申请人中挑选最合适的人。

6. They only hire those with the best academic standing or most impressive work experiences.

他们只会雇佣那些学术背景最好,工作经历最有吸引力的人。

7. Life in cities is fast-paced, which, may put more stress on an individual.

城市的生活节奏很快,这会给个人带来更多的压力。

8. Cities provide better opportunities in terms of earnings, work benefits, training programs and work experience.

城市的工作在收入,福利,培训项目以及工作经历方面都会有更好的机会。

9. On the other hand, there are also higher job requirements, more competition and more stress.

另一方面,它也同样有更高的工作要求,更大的竞争和更大的压力。

2 天赋与勤奋孰轻孰重

1. There are people blessed with natural talents, whether this ability concerns the sciences, the arts, or other fields of interest.

一些人生来就具备某些天赋,不管是在科学,艺术还是其他领域。

2. This leads some people to think that being blessed with natural talent is the most important factor in achieving success.

这使得一些人认为天赋是获得成功最重要的因素。

3. Individuals with natural capabilities have more advantages over those with no talents.

天赋强的人确实比没有的天赋的人更有优势。

4. If the talented person does not exert any effort to work hard at improving his skills or talents, then these will all be wasted.

如果一个有天赋的人并不努力工作以提高技能,那他的天赋也终会荒废。

5. Mastery of any field of work or art requires hard work.

任何工作领域的熟练掌握都需要努力的工作。

6. An individual should hone his talent to improve it or make it better.

人们应该磨练他们的天赋,以求使它达到更高的水平。

7. To illustrate, a singer who practices everyday and puts his heart to improving his talent, will eventually become more effective and intense.

举例来说,一个歌手每天练习,倾注心血来提高他的天赋,他终将变得更加有效率,技巧也会加强。

8. Hard work allows people to achieve new heights of success.

辛勤的工作使得人们在成功的道路上更创新高。

9. Hard work, coupled with passion and perseverance, will help a person to be more successful and to be recognized.

辛勤的工作,加上热情和毅力,会使人更加成功,也更被人承认。

雅思写作素材之媒体类

宏观定义点

pros and cons of media 媒体的好与坏

mass media 大众传媒

bring reality to the public 把现实展现在我们的面前

penetrates every corner of our life 渗透到我们生活的每一个角落

educate / entertain people of all age 教育、娱乐各年龄段的人

the perniciouseffect of the media 传媒的有害影响

pornography 色情

big packs of lies 一箩筐谎言

trick the public 欺骗大众

unable to distinguish good from bad 没有辨别是非的能力

rely on powerful communication technologies to spread their messages 依靠强大的通讯技术传播信息

the pros and cons 事物的利与弊 weigh up the pros and cons 权衡利弊得失

penetrate (vt.)渗透,打入(团队、集体等)

try to penetrate new markets 试图打入新市场

pernicious (adj.)(尤指潜移默化的)有害的,恶性的

the pernicious influence of TV violence on children

电视暴力对儿童潜移默化的

媒体的作用

promote connectedness and a new international community that transcends parochial political barriers

促进了人们之间的可联系性,也促进超越狭隘政治障碍的国际社会的发展

saturateglobal cultural reality with formulaic TV shows and mindless advertisements

以程式化的电视节目和毫无思想性可言的广告渗透了全球文化

to a large extend, the global cultural flows of our time are generated and directed by global media empires

在很大程度上,全球媒体帝国生产和指挥着我们这个时代的全球文化流动

the volume and extent of cultural transmissions in the contemporary period have far exceeded those of earlier eras

当代文化传播在数量和程度上都大大超过了以前的各个时期

viewers must fill in the blanks in continuously updated inputs

观众在不断更新的涌入信息的面前必须填补自己未知知识的空白

parochialadj.只关心本地区的,地方观念的

saturate (…with) (v.)使充满、饱和

saturate the market 市场饱和

formulaic (adj.)套话的,公式化的

input (n.)(思想、知识、时间、信息的)投入,输入

一些媒体相关词汇

侵犯隐私 violate on someone’s privacy

新闻界 the press

印刷媒体(如报纸、杂志)the print media

报道新闻的机构 news outlets

电子媒体 the electronic media

时事 current affairs

丑闻 scandals

无处不在 prevalent / ubiquitous / pervasive

媒体炒作 media hype

有误导性的 misleading

诈骗性的 fraudulent

虚假的 false

夸大事实 exaggerate things

不客观的,不公正的 unobjective

如实的报道 factual accounts

可信的 reliable

客观公正的 objective and balanced

信息量大的 informative

娱乐性强的 entertaining

有新闻价值的 newsworthy

监督 scrutiny (n.) / scrutinize (vt.) / monitor (vt.)

揭露 expose / reveal

道德准则 code of ethics / code of conduct

历年雅思写作真题范文解析之:环保与消费

题目是:In many countries today, people buy a range of household goods ( television, microwave, oven and rick cookers) Is it a positive or negative development?

雅思写作真题范文及解析:

首段,转述改写题目并阐述自己的观点。交代一下背景,现代社会大多数家庭购买家用电器,带给人们便捷的生活体验,解放了人们的双手。不过同时,这些家用电器也带来了一些负面影响,比如环境问题。总的来说,家用电器的普及是利大于弊的一件事。

In contemporary society, most families are capable to afford home appliances such as television, microwave, oven and so on. It is generally accepted that those technological goods have brought great convenience to our life although they do generate negative effects on environment.

在当代社会,大多数家庭都有能力购买电视机、微波炉、烤箱等家用电器。人们普遍认为那些科技产品给我们的生活带来了极大的便利,尽管它们确实对环境产生了负面影响

第二段:阐明第一个观点,也是核心观点,家用电器对于人们的好处,这是作文的重点。开头首句就直接点题。然后说明原因,由近及远,由小及大,第一点:家用电器的普及提升了人们的生活品质。举例说明,比如电视、微波炉等,当然可以说空气净化器、空调、吸尘器等。第二点是从经济学上来说,生产家用电器带来了工作和产业升级。考生也可以说其他原因,比如现在是污染问题越发严重,装修中的有害物质、城市中的空气质量,有了家用电器比如空气净化器,确实能够改善家中的环境问题。家用电器甚至可以缓解家庭矛盾(谁在家做家务常常会引发矛盾)。

In terms of merits of using domestic appliances, the most obvious is that people’s quality of life has been boosted. Take TV as an example; watching TV is a preferable means of relaxation for people to spend their leisure time and release stress, with amusing programs, entertainment news as well as soap operas shown on the screen. Another case is that the application of microwave, oven and rock cookers in the kitchen saves housewives from heavy housework and even assists them in cooking delicious meals efficiently. Furthermore, consumers’ demands for electric appliances stimulate the development of manufacturing industries, which creates more job opportunities and bring the government increasing tax revenue.

就使用家用电器的优点而言,最明显的是人们的生活质量得到了提高。以电视为例;看电视是人们用来消遣和释放压力的一种较好的放松方式,娱乐节目,娱乐新闻和肥皂剧在屏幕上播放。另一个例子是,微波炉、烤箱和岩石炊具在厨房的应用,使家庭主妇从繁重的家务劳动中解脱出来,甚至帮助她们高效地烹饪美味的饭菜。此外,消费者对电器的需求刺激了制造业的发展,创造了更多的就业机会,为政府增加了税收。

第三段,谈家用电器对环境的影响。说到对环境的影响,主要还是在于生产上,比如生产大量的家用电器会消耗很多电量、生产家用电器会产生有害物质等。甚至会造成部分资源浪费。典型例子:空调和冰箱的使用会排放氟利昂,这是一种对于大气造成破坏的有害气体。

However, it must be admitted that the worldwide use of household appliances inevitably contributes to environmental degradation. To commence with, in an attempt to maintain these devices function, a great amount of electricity has to be consumed, which is largely generated from fossil fuels such as coal and petroleum. In the long run, the scarcity of natural resources will become a tough issue for human beings. In addition, harmful gas emission is another big concern. As a matter of fact, in the use of fridge and air conditions, Freon (a kind of chemical gas) is emitted into air, leading to the destruction of ozone layer.

然而,必须承认,世界范围内使用家用电器不可避免地造成环境退化。首先,为了维持这些装置的功能,必须消耗大量的电力,而这些电力主要是由煤和石油等化石燃料产生的。从长远来看,自然资源的稀缺将成为人类面临的一个难题。此外,有害气体排放是另一个大问题。事实上,在使用冰箱和空气条件下,氟利昂(一种化学气体)被排放到空气中,导致臭氧层的破坏。

最后,总结并再次强调自己的观点,人们购买和使用家用电器是好事,不过也希望今后的家用电器产品能够更加环保。

In conclusion, as far as I am concerned, it is a positive development that people can purchase various electric appliances. However, environment-friendly technology should be adopted in its production to protect environment.

图表分析类作文写作技巧点拨 篇7

【图表分类】

图表示作文有以下几种形式:①以坐标轴的形式出现的表示数据大小或数量差异或变化的柱状图(bar graph)或出现时间参照的曲线图(line graph);②以圆内扇形大小表示总体与内部结构变化的圆型或饼形图(pie graph);③以表格形式将统计的数据体现出来的统计表(statistical graph);④两图或多图组合的综合图形(compound / complex graph)。

【信息的提取】

图表分析类作文不像文字提示或表格作文那样信息点明显,它的特点是提示语言少,信息点分散,数据多,因此审题时一定要针对不同的图形进行适当的分析。如柱状图或曲线图,则一定要运用坐标刻度及数轴所提供的信息点来分析几组数据间的变化,抓住主要特点及规律进行说明。对饼形图则一定要根据百分比搞清部分与整体、部分与部分的关系。对综合图要说明几个大的问题,而且往往是第一图表达现状,第二图表达原因或解决办法,要把它们揉合在一起写成一篇语义连贯的文章。

【体裁特点】

①说明文:单纯描述解释图表信息,按照图表所展示内容如实表述,不加评论。

②议论文:通过叙述图表中的信息及数据间的变化,找规律,分析原因,发表评论或解决办法。

【写作三部曲】

第一步:开门见山点明本图所反映的主题。常用的句型有:

As can be seen from the graph / table / chart ...; As is shown in the graph ...; The graph / table / chart tells / shows the changes in ... between ... and ... / from ... to ...; This is a line graph which describes the general trend of ...; The pie graph represents ...

第二步:分析数据间的主要变化、差异及趋势,然后叙述并阐明必要的理由或原因。

在叙述数据间的变化及总体趋势特征时,为了使层次清楚,对比鲜明,常采用分类式或对比式表达以支持主题。常用的词汇及句型有:rise, drop, fall, reduce, decrease, increase, while, but, on the contrary, however, in contrast to, compared ... with / to, between ... and ..., from ... to ..., among, less than, more than, as ... as ..., the same as, similar ... to, equal ... to ...; be twice / three times more than ...; be half as ... as ...

The number / figure sharply went up to ... from ... to ...; The percentage of ... stays the same between ...; The figures have reached the peaks / bottom ...; There are a lot of similarities / differences between ... and ...; There are more A in ..., reaching ... %, compared with ... % of B; There are some reasons for that; The reasons are as follows; Here are some reasons which cause ...

第三部:归纳总结、发表评论或提供解决的办法(在说明文中没有必要发表评论或解决办法)

常用的词汇及句型有:in a word, in short, to sum up, in all, altogether, generally speaking, in my opinion / view ...

Its clear from the chart that ...; From the graph we can learn / know ...; As is described above, we can draw a conclusion that ...; From the graph / date / results / information above, it can be seen / concluded / shown / estimated ...; There is no doubt that ...; It is clear that ...

所使用的承接词还有:besides, in addition (to), Whats more, moreover ...

【注意事项】

①在叙述数据间的发展变化时,如果数据特别多就没有必要对每组数据一一陈述,应避免啰嗦、重复、流水账式的写法,应该抓住突出特征进行描述,这样才能给人留下深刻的印象。

②这类作文行文的顺序和层次一定要清楚明了,尤其是在描写数据变化时,一定要按照一定的顺序,如时间顺序、逻辑顺序或数据由大到小或由小到大等等,切忌毫无章法。

③时态的变化。此类作文主要使用现在时态,在描写过去情况时使用过去时态,在发表看法或做评论时应使用现在时态。

【经典回放】

你们班最近举行了一次讨论,讨论主题是“上大学是高中生唯一的出路吗?”请你根据下面图表及汉语提示,写一篇短文并阐述你的个人观点。

提示:

1. 增长学识,提高素养,利于择业。

2. 成功的路不止一条。

3. 学费高,就业难。

要求:

1.词数:100-120左右。

2. 开头语已为你写好(不计入总词数)。

3. 参考词汇: tuition n. 学费qualities n. 素养

【解题指导】

本题要求学生通过柱状图的分析,就图中数据和提示内容用英语写一篇“上大学是高中生唯一的出路吗?”的议论文。可采取三段式写法来行文:

第一段:根据本图内容,提炼讨论的观点。

第二段:紧扣主题,根据图表所显示的三种人所占的人数比例进行比较并分析原因。

第三段:发表议论,提出自己的看法。

提炼要点:根据柱状图提供的数据信息可以看出,黑色代表想上大学,在比例上占大多数,约60%;浅黑色代表无所谓,在比例上约占30%;白色代表不想上大学,约占10%。

One possible version:

Is It The Only Way Out To Go To College ?

We had a discussion about whether it is the only way out for senior students to go to college. Views vary from person to person.

The majority of us consider it very necessary to go to college. They think it can widen their knowledge and improve their qualities.Only in this way can they find better jobs after graduation. Very few students, who make up about ten percent of the students, think it no use going to university, because the tuition is too high for their family to afford. Whats more, its rather hard for college graduates to find satisfactory jobs. Thirty percent of the students, however, believe “All roads lead to Rome.” Therefore, it doesnt make any difference whether they go to college or not.

In my opinion, we had better go to college because we can receive a better education at college so as to serve our motherland better.

【精彩点击】

1. 范文开宗明义,中心突出,就“上大学是高中生唯一的出路吗?”展开论述,最后得出结论“最好上大学接受更好的教育来报效祖国”。

2. 行文上采用了三段论,文字流畅,结构紧凑,短小凝练,体现了作者英语较强的写作基本功。

3. 语言亮点。

考研英语图表作文常用句式 篇8

英语作文共有两种作文类型,一种是小作文,另一类是大作文。图表作文属于后者中的作文形式之一,从出题形式上看,近几年命题趋势在平稳中逐渐趋于多样化,写作题目易于理解,无论以文字的形式还是以图表、图画的形式出现都浅显易懂。以下是图表作文常用句式,希望同学们重点掌握。

(1)图画概述

1. It goes without saying that drawings aim at revealing a common and series problem in the world: how to protect the ocean resources.

2. Let‘s take a closer look at the two pictures. The one on the left shows the state of the housing before the government implemented its urban renewal project, whereas the one on the right illustrates the situation afterwards.

3. As described/portrayed/illustrated/shown in the picture, many people nowadays like to go to fitness centers to keep their bodies in shape.

(2)图表概述

1. The graph shows that the incidence of violent crime has in fact dropped in most US cities over the past decade.

2. As we can see from the chart, divorce increased phenomenally up until about 1990, but has since remained at a fairly constant level.

3. The sales figures for A amount to the combined sales figures for B and C.

The profits over the past five years add up to an incredible 1.2 billion dollars.

4. The figures fluctuate between 1000 and 1100 units per year.

The sales are expected to go up and down over the next few months.

5. The number of pandas in the reserve suddenly rose to over 200.

6. The birth rate decreased steadily after World War 2.

The number of users rose smoothly throughout the decade.

Profits have declined slowly as competitors have taken away market share.

7. Computer use is forecast to shoot up in Africa during the coming decade.

Housing prices soar when there is a sudden increase in demand.

8. There was a slump in production between 1980 and 1985.

9. The number of Internet users should climb from 20 million in to 50 million in .

10. The number of road accidents is expected to decrease from 50,000 in to 40,000 in .

Unless the situation changes, there will be a decline from 20 in to 12 in .

11. January will witness the launch of two new products, which should increase revenue dramatically.

12. The population will remain stable thanks to the one-child policy.

13. The percentage of young people attending university reached a peak of 47% in .

14. The number of people who could not read hit its lowest point in 2003.

15. The number of Internet users is on the rise/increase at the moment.

16. Book sales are on the decline nowadays. 考研育、网

(3)图画含义

1. What does the author really want to tell us ? In my opinion, his real implication is that everyone has to meet difficulties in their life experiences.

2. The purpose of the pictures is to warn us that due attention has to be paid to the decrease of ocean resources.

3. The idea conveyed by the cartoon is apparent: the finishing point is just a new starting point.

四级英语作文图表类 篇9

Student Use of Computer

Students tend to use computers more and more frequently nowadays.

Reading this chart, we can find that the average number of hours a student spends on the computer per week has increased sharply.

In 1990, it was less than 2 hours; and in 1995, it increased to almost 4 hours, and in 2000, the number soared to 20 hours.

Obviously computers are becoming increasingly popular.

There are several reasons for this change.

First, computers facilitate us in more aspects of life.

Also, the fast development of the Internet enlarges our demands for using computers.

We can easily contact with friends in remote places through the Internet.

Besides, the prices of computers are getting lower and lower, which enables more students to purchase them.

However, there still exist some problems, such as poor quality, out-of-date designs and so on.

And how to balance the time between using computers and studying is also a serious problem.

Anyhow, we will benefit a lot from computers as long as we use them properly.

范文二:

Film Is Giving Way to TV

It can be seen from the graph that the rate of car accidents in Walton City experienced rises and falls in 1990.

From January to March last year it increased by 45%.

From March to June it dropped by about half the previous rate.

From June to August there was a steep rise of 50%.

After that, however, there was a steady decrease.

There are several reasons for this improvement, but the following are the most critical ones.

First, new traffic regulations have made drivers more careful.

Second, more people are using bicycles for transportation.

Finally, in the later part of the year good weather made the roads safer to drive on.

I am confident that there will be even fewer car accidents in Walton in the future.

First, major roads have been repaired and the number of public buses has been increased in the past few months.

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