初中冠词讲解及练习

2024-08-22

初中冠词讲解及练习（精选5篇）

初中冠词讲解及练习篇1

一、冠词语法讲解

1. a用于辅音发音开头的词前, 如：a book; an用于元音发音开头的词前，如：an apple, an hour. 请区别：a useful machine, an umbrella, a “u”, an “h”。

2.指上文提到过的人或物，用定冠词the。

3.在世界上独一无二的事物前用定冠词the. 如：the sun, the moon, the earth。

4.the用于序数词，表方位的名词和形容词最高级前。the first, the best , in the south。

5.在复数姓氏前加the，表示××一家人，常看成复数。如：the Browns。

6.在介词短语中常用定冠词the，如：in the box ,behind the chair。

7.不能用定冠词the的几个方面： (1)在节日、星期、月份、季节、年等词前不用冠词。如：in summer, in August 请区别：in the spring of 1945. (这里表示特指，故加the)(2)一日三餐和球类运动名不用冠词。如：have breakfast ,play football

(3)一些固定词组中，如：go to bed ,go to school, by bus ,at night.

8.在有些词组中，有冠词和无冠词意思不同，请注意区别：

in front of 在…前面, in the front of 在…范围内的前部

in hospital (生病)住院, in the hospital 在医院里。

二、练习题

1. When Linda was a child， her mother always let her have ______ bed.

A. the breakfast in B. the breakfast in the C. breakfast in D. breakfast in the

2. Beyond ______ stars the astronaut saw nothing but ______ space.

A. the，不填 B. 不填，the C. 不填，不填 D. the， the

3. Alexander Graham Bell invented ________ telephone in 1876.

A. 不填 B. a C. the D. one

4. After watching ____ TV， she played _____ violin for an hour.

A. 不填，不填 B. the， the C. the，不填 D. 不填，the

5. Many people are still in ____ habit of writing silly things in ____ public places.

A. the， the B. 不填，不填 C. the，不填 D. 不填，the

6. Paper money was in ____ use in China when Marco Polo visited the country in ____ thirteenth century.

A. the，不填 B. the， the C. 不填，the D. 不填，不填

7. Have you seen ______ pen? I left it here this morning.

Is it ____ black one? I think I saw it somewhere.

A. a， the B. the， the C. the， a D. a， a

8. She is _____ newcomer to ____ chemistry but she has already made some important discoveries.

A. the， the B. the，不填 C. a，不填 D. a， the

9. Many people agree that ___ knowledge of English is a must in ____ international trade today.

A. a，不填 B. the， an C. the， the D. 不填，the

10. ______ usually go to church every Sunday.

A. The Brown B. A Brown C. Browns D. The Browns

11. The train is running fifty miles ______.

A. an hour B. one hour C. the hour D. a hour

12. ___ earth we live on is bigger than___ moon.

A. The， a B. The， the C. An， a D. An， the

13. — What’s the matter with you ?

—I caught ___ bad cold and had to stay in ___bed.

A. a， / B. a， the C. a， a D. the， the

14. —Do you know ___ lady in blue?

—Yes. She is a teacher of a university.

A. the B. a C. an D. /

15. —Where’s ___ nearest supermarket?

—It’s over there， just around the corner.

A. a B. an C. the D. /

16. The young man will work in ___ school as a maths teacher.

A. the B. a C. an D. /

17. Most of the representatives think that ______ the meeting was very successful.

A. on whole of B. on a whole C. on the whole D. on the whole that

18. The investigators found that more should be done for ______ in India.

A. those poor B. a poor C. poor D. the poor

19. He grabbed me ______ and pulled me onto the bus.

A. a arm B. an arm C. the arm D. by the arm

20. “How did you pay the workers?”

“As a rule， they are paid ______.”

A. by an your B. by the hour C. by a hour D. by hours

21. What _____ exciting football match! Our team beat Tom’s team at last.

A. a B. an C. the D. /

22. In the United States， Father’s Day falls on _____ third Sunday in _____ June.

A. the，不填 B. the， a C. 不填， the D. a，不填

23. I have two dogs. ______ black one is two years old and ______ yellow one is three years old.

A. A， a B. The， a C. The， the D. A. the

24. ______ new bridge has been built over ______ Huangpu River.

A. The， a B. A， / C. A， the D. An， an

25. -What colour is ______ orange?

-It’s _____ orange.

A. an， an B. an， the C. an， / D. /， an

参考答案：

1. C 2. A。太空中的星体或世界上独一无二的东西前应加定冠词。Space作“宇宙空间”解时，也是抽象名词，通常不加冠词

3. C。作invent宾语的名词只能用“the+单数可数名词”，表示发明的某类东西。

4. D。watch TV是习惯搭配，不必用冠词。表示乐器的名词前应用定冠词。

5. C。in the habit of是习惯用语，正如in the morning， on the other hand一样，其中的定冠词不可或缺。Public places是复数名词短语，表示泛指概念，其前面不必用定冠词。

6. C。be in use是习语，在这习语中没有任何冠词。 Thirteenth是序数词，在序数词前应用定冠词。

7. D。问句和答语中的pen均非特指，而是泛指，故应用不定冠词。

8. C。newcomer是单数可数名词，泛指某类人中的一个，要用不定冠词。抽象名词或学科名称前不加任何冠词，chemistry是表示学科的抽象名词，因此前面不加the。

9. A。虽然knowledge是不可数名词，但有of English修饰，故用不定冠词。Trade是抽象名词，前面不应加the。

10. D 11. A 12. B 13. A

14. A。考查the 表示特指的用法。根据题意知道是特指“穿蓝色衣服的那个夫人”。

15. C。考查“the 用在形容词的最高级前”的用法。题意为“最近的超市在哪里?”

16-20 ADDDB 21-25 BACCC

初中冠词讲解及练习篇2

由于我们实行的是班级授课制, 因此所讲解的练习题首先要面向全体学生;同时,所讲解的练习题还要有一定的层次性和开放性.其次,在讲解的组织上要突出互动性,不仅在师生之间, 更要在学生与学生之间开展全面充分的合作和交流活动.据此,笔者认为让学生自主讲解的练习题既要体现基础性,即有利于学生“双基”的培养,又要体现启发性和灵活性,即有利于开启学生的智慧,激发学生对数学的探究欲望,学会“做数学”和“数学地思考”,从而在理性精神、创新意识、实践能力和自信心等方面得到培养和发展. 笔者根据题目内容和解答方法的情况,把练习题的类型分为并列型和递进型两类.

一、并列型

此类练习题是指其解答的方法多种多样, 这些方法虽有繁简之别,但都能正确解答问题,其效用是一样的,并列的.

例如:在△ABC中,过BC中点D引一直线与AC及BA的延长线相交于E、F两点,求证:AE:CE=AF:BF.

由于学生对于成比例线段都掌握了一些基本方法, 因此一亮题目,便有许多学生举起手来.我请一个同学上台讲解.他根据D是BC的中点的条件,讲了以下四种方法:

1.延长ED,过B作AC的平行线交于G,证明 :略.

2.延长ED,过C作AB的平行线交于G,证明 :略.

3.过D作DG∥AC交AF于G,证明 :略.

4.过D作DG∥AB交AC于G,证明 :略.

在同学们的热烈掌声中,我笑道:“除了这四种方法以外,还有没有……”不等我说完,一个同学站起来说:“过A也可以作辅助线.”接着,又有许多同学提出从点B、点C、点E、点F都可以作辅助线来解答.

此类练习题能有效发散学生思维,在拓展学生思维广度,充分发挥学生个性,培养他们思维的独创性、灵活性和敏捷性方面具有较好的效果.

二、递进型

此类练习题是指题目本身或题目变式在考核学生知识与能力方面含有阶梯性,既有面向一般学生的内容,又有发挥学生个性,具有相当探究价值的内容,解题过程呈现出由浅入深的递进性.

例如:半径为5的⊙O内有一点P,OP为3,求经过点P的弦为整数条数,请问有多少条?

同学们争相告诉答案,有的说3条,有的说4条.我先让认为3条的同学讲解.那位同学分析:圆内最长的弦是直径10,而最短的弦是8,经过点P的弦有无数条,这无数条弦中整数的弦是9,所以共有3条.“讲得头头是道! ”我带头鼓掌.然后我又请认为4条的同学申述理由. 他们指出整数为9的弦有对称的2条,所以总数应是4条.“这下思维更严密了! ”我带头鼓掌.我又问:“这个命题我们能否改变一个条件, 使它整数的弦可以再多一些呢?”立即有同学举手回答.他说:“可以把半径加长,改成6,此时 ,最长的弦是12,最短的弦呀,只有3条.”又有同学试图把半径缩短,改成4,那么最短的弦, 那么整数有6、7、8, 其中6、7各有两条,共5条,同学们热烈鼓掌.沉默了几分钟,有学生改变思路,说把弦心距OP改成4,那么最短的弦,那么6与10之间有整数7、8、9,加上对称的3条,所以此时总数有8条.未等我说完,同学们已经是掌声如潮了.

此类练习题由于层次性明显, 容易激发各个层次学生的参与欲望, 而练习题中最困难部分的攻坚又往往需要全班同学共同开动脑筋,群策群力,这是一种很好的辐射思维训练,可以拓宽学生思维的辐射度,在培养他们思维品质的深刻性、独创性、灵活性和敏捷性等方面起到很好的作用.

在学生讲解练习题的过程中, 和谐的课堂氛围是教学顺利进行的保证.学生讲解出现表达啰唆、不清、差错等都是难免的,只要不影响同学们的理解,教师都应不预干扰,只有当讲解学生出现巨大思维跳跃和断裂时, 教师才可作适当补充和过渡,但态度和语气一定要亲切,以正面肯定为主,切不可斥责和不耐烦.学生讲解中出现精彩处,要给予赞扬和鼓掌,讲解完毕,不管好坏对错,也都要给予积极评价,因为他们在解题中都经历了探索、尝试、发现的过程,其中所获得的不仅是学会知识,学会技能,更是学会了如何学习,学会了如何在学习中保持积极的态度与情感.笔者感到遗憾的只是由于受课时限制,这一尝试只能放在章节复习课中进行,时间太少了.

以上是笔者的初步尝试,尚不成熟.比如练习题除了由教师选定外,我尝试过习题由学生自己挑选.课堂调控除了由教师掌握外,由学生自主主持.这两种方式各有利弊,前者针对性强,但学生较被动;后者学生更主动、更自主,但针对性较弱.另外,在活动时间上,除了少量的章节复习课外,能否抽出更多课时(特别是初三年级的复习课中)进行学生自主讲解练习题活动?在活动空间上,除课堂外,能否组织课外学习小组,让学生自主开展讲解练习题活动? 等等.这些都需要在以后的探索和实践中不断加以改进.

摘要：文章通过对并列型、递进型两类练习题由学生自主讲解的尝试,指出了在初中数学教学中运用这种方法,可以克服偏重知识传授、强调接受学习和机械训练的弊端,对提高学生自主学习能力有较大的促进作用.

定冠词用法小结口诀练习篇3

a.口诀

1.有水无湖：海、洋、海湾、河等，都用the;单个湖不用the,(但多个湖用the);

the Red Sea, the Pacific Ocean, the Persian Gulf, the Yangtze River

The Great Lakes(五大湖）；Lake Erie(伊利湖）2.有球无星：地球，月亮用the;行星不用the: Mars, Venus;3.有山无峰：The Huangshan Mountains(黄山）；Mount Everest(珠穆朗玛峰）；

Mount(or Mt.)Tai(泰山）.4.有独无欧（偶）：独一无二的，the earth, the moon, the sun用the;

欧洲等七大洲不用the.Europe, Africa, Asia, North America, South America, Antarctica, Oceania 5.有（足）族无球（运动）：种族用the: the Indians(印第安人)；球类运动

baseball, basketball 6.有文无章：历史性的文件用the;小说等的章节不用the

The Constitution(宪法;chapter one 7.学而不专：学校放在词组的前面时用the;专有名词放在词组的前面时不用the;

The University of Fudan;Fudan University

练

习

()1.There is ____ “s” in ____ word “bus”.A.a;a B.an;the C.a;the

D.an;a()2.Maths is ___ useful subject.You can’t drop it , I think.A.an

B.a

C.the

D./()3.____ bad weather it is!A.How

B.What a

C.How a

D.What()4.—What color is ___ orange?--It’s _____ orange.A.an;an

B.an;the

C.an;/

D./;an()5.Mr.Li is ____ old worker.A.an

B.a

C.some

D./()6.Look at ____ picture!There’s ____ house in it.A.a;a

B.the;the C.a;the

D.the;a()7.One morning he found ____ handbag.There was ___ “s” on the corner of ___ handbag.A.a;an;the

B.a;a;the

C.a;a;a

D.the;an;a()8.What ___ interesting story it is!A.a

B.an

C.the

D./()9.Meimei is ___ best student in her class.A.a

B.an

C./

D.the()10.Tom is ___ kind boy.All ___ students love him.A.a;/

B.a;the

C.an;/

D.an;the()11.Is ___ book on the desk mine? Yes.A.the

B.a

C.an

D./()12.Even while he was in ___ hospital, he went on writing songs.A.a

B.an

C.the

D./()13.Don’t read _____.A.in bed B.in the bed C.on bed D.on the bed()14.Smith is ____ honest man.A.a

B.the

C.an

D./()15.China has ___ population of 1,200,000,000.A./

B.an

C.the

D.a()16.What’s ____ for “椅.子”? A.English

B.an English C.the English

D.any English()17.Mary is ___ cleverer of the two girls.A.the

B.a

C.an

D.much()18.____ young must look after ___ old.A.The;a

B.The;the C.A;a D.A;the()19.___ earth is one of ____ planets.A.The;sun’s

B.The;the sun

C.The;the sun’s

D.The;the suns’()20.Tokyo is ___.A.the capital of Japan

B.capital of Japan

C.Japan capital

D.a capital of Japan()21.Kate sometimes plays ___ violin(小提琴)and sometimes plays ___ table tennis before supper.A./;the

B.the;/ C.the;the D./;/()22.–Have you seen ___ pencil? I left it here this morning.--Is it ___ red one ? I saw it.A.a;the B.the;the C.the;a

D.a;a()23.There is_______ orange tree behind_____ house.A.an;the

B.a;a

C.the;the D.an;/()24.—How long did you stay there ?--About half ___ hour.A./

B.one

C.a

D.an

练习题答案：

1——5 DBDCA

6—10 DABDB

11—15 ADACD

16—20 AABCA

高考英语过去分词讲解及练习篇4

Form

 done  being done  having been done 过去分词表示被动含义，或者动作已经完成。

1.The children ran out of the room, laughing and talking merrily.2.Having finished his homework, he went out.3.Given more attention, the trees could have grown better.4.Having been elected as chairman, he felt great pressure.5.Interested / Being interested in music, he always goes to the concert.6.Most of the people invited to the party were famous scientists.Exercise: 划出上面句中的过去分词，并指出它在句中做何成分。

过去分词做状语：

过去分词前可带when, although, while, if, unless等词，使分词短语与主句关系更清楚。1.When ________(open)for business, the hamburger stand was immediately filled with customers.2.Unless ________(invite)to speak, you should keep silent at the conference.3.Although ________(tell)many times, Tom forgot to buy milk again.4.If _________(leave)alone on a desert island, what would you do? 比较过去分词与现在分词做状语：选出正确的句子 1.Seeing from the hill, the city is beautiful.2.Seen from the hill, the city is beautiful.3.Looking down from the hill, they saw many red roofs.4.Heating to 100℃, water boils.5.Heated to 100 ℃, water boils.6.Being hot, we went to have a swim.7.It being hot, we went to have a swim.8.Because it was hot, we went to have a swim.过去分词做定语：

1.a __________(worry)look 2.a __________(puzzle)expression 3.This is a picture _______(paint)by my father.4.__________(pollute)water is harmful to people’s health.Exercise: Rewrite the sentence(1)1.It is a letter which was written in pencil.2.The letter which /that was mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.3.The bridge which was built 100 years ago is still in good condition.4.The teachers are talking about the problem which /that was discussed at the meeting.Exercise：Rewrite the sentence(2)1.When he was left alone, the boy began to cry.2.Kroc was impressed by the cleanliness, service and food, so he looked up at the name over the hamburger stand.3.Although it was started six years earlier, in 1948, McDonald’s was still a small business.4.Though I admit what you say, I still think you should meet him.5.As I didn’t know her address, I could not write to her.Exercise: choose the best answers 1.When ______ help, one often says “Thank you.” or “It’s kind of you.”

A.offering

B.to offer

C.to be offered

D.offered 2._____ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police.A.Having lost

B.Lost

C.Being lost

D.Losing 3.Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining Company,___as 3M.A.knowing

B.known

C.being known

D.to be known 4.______ the program, they have to stay there for another

two weeks.A.Not completing

B.Not completed

C.Not having completed

D.Having not completed 5.Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of this year,_____ a record US$57.65.A.have reached

B.reaching

C.to reach

D.to be reaching 6._____ his books and clothes into a trunk, he came downstairs.A.Packed B.Having packed

C.Being packed

D.Packing 7._____ long ago, the letter was illegible.A.Written

B.Having written

C.To have been written

D.Be written 8._____ much education, the poor woman wasn’t able to find a good job.A.Having not had

B.Not having had

C.Having not

D.Not had 9._____, it should never be pointed at anyone.A.When carrying a gun

B.Carried a gun

C.With a gun carrying

D.When you carry a gun.10.When _____ different cultures, we often pay attention only

to the differences without noticing the many similarities.A.compared

B.being compared

C.comparing

D.having compared 11.____ enough time, they finished their work better than expected.A.Giving

B.Given

C.Being given

D.Give 12.The palace, ______ down in 1485, was never rebuilt.A.burnt

B.having burnt

C.to be burnt

D.burning 13.______ some of this juice---perhaps you’ll like it.A.Trying

B.Try

C.To try

D.Have tried 14.Most of the artists ______ to the party were from South Africa.A.invited

B.to invite

C.being invited

D.had been invited 15.Having been attacked by terrorists, __________.A.doctors came to their rescue

B.the tall building collapsed C.an emergency measure was taken

D.warning were given to tourists 16._______ with video tape-recorders, MP3 players _______ far better.A.Compared „sell

B.To compare...will sell C.Comparing„is sold

D.Being compared„sell 17._______ the host call her name, her heart started to beat fiercely(猛烈地).A.Hearing B When hearing

C Heard

D When she heard 18.After _______ , our school took on a new look.A.redecorating

B being redecorated

C.having redecorated

D having been redecorated 19.(04江苏)The old man,_________ abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland.A.to work

B.working C.to have worked

D.having worked 20.(04广西)Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV;There are pictures ______ in your mind instead of before your eyes.A.to form

B.form

C.forming

D.having formed 21.(03春招)The manager, _______ his factory’s products were poor in quality, decided to give his workers further training.A.knowing

B.known

C.to know D.being known Exercise：fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the given words.1.Many things _________(consider)impossible in the past are common today.2.He was disappointed to find his suggestion ______(refuse).3.The film _________(show)next month is very ______(touch).4.The bridge __________(build)now will be finished next month.5.Most of the people ___________(invite)to the party were famous scientists.6._________(see)his mother, the baby could not help _______(laugh)7._________(give)more attention, the trees will grow better.8.The machine wants ___________(repair).9.How dare you go in without __________(invite).10.The patient was warned ____________(not eat)oily food after the operation.Exercise: translation 1.李老师不允许学生在这条被污染的河里游泳。（过去分词做前置定语）

2.一看到那只熊，弟弟以感到害怕的声音大哭起来。（in…voice）（过去分词做前置定语）

3.那座建于300年前的寺庙每年吸引成千上万的游客。（过去分词短语做后置定语）

4.出生在大城市里的年轻人不习惯住在乡下。（过去分词短语做后置定语）