l0冠词教案(精选6篇)
l0冠词教案 篇1
“英语优质课教案”
课 题: 冠
授课教师:王艳平单位:王明口三中
词
复习目标: 1.回顾冠词的基础知识 2.能够正确的运用 教学重点 :
冠词的重点知识归纳及讲解。
教学难点 :
冠词的运用。复习时间:
一课时 教学过程:
Step1:不定冠词的基本用法 口诀:
不定冠词两变体,用a或an都表“一”;
可数名词首次提,何人何物不具体;
某类人、物任一个,有时还要表“每一”。
a和an的选用与巧记
歌曰:冠词 a,an两顶帽,单数名词常需要;
单词开头发元音,an帽儿任你挑;
辅音起首戴a帽,记住规律莫乱套。注:a, an用在单数可数名词前。读音以辅音音素开头的名词前用a;读音以元音音素开头的词前用an A 和An 注:
l)表示数量有“一”的意思,但数的概念没有one强。如:I have a mouth, a nose and two eyes.2)第一次提到某人或某物,不定冠词起介绍作用。如:Yesterday I saw an old man.He’s Tom’s father.3)表示某个人或事物,但不具体说明何人或何物。如:A boy was waiting for you.4)表示人或事物的某一类。如:Pass me an apple, please.
5)表示“每一”的意思,相当于every。如:Mr.Green goes to the cinema once a week. Step2:定冠词的基本用法
口诀:定冠词用法有规律,防止遗忘很容易。
特指双方都熟悉,上文已经被提及。
世上无二仅独一,序数词和最高级。
山河海岛建筑物,姓氏复数奏乐器。
少数形表人一类,方位名词须牢记。
普构专有惯用词,试用此诀有效率。l)特指某人或某物。如:The book on the desk is mine. 2)指双方都知道的人或事物。如:Where are the new books,Jim? 3)指上文提到过的人或物。
如:There is an old woman standing there.The old woman looked worried.4)用在世上独一无二的事物名词前。如:the sun, the sky, the earth, the world, etc.5)用在序数词和形容词最高级前。如:The third one is carrying the fewest of all.6)用在山脉、江河、海洋、岛等名词前。
如:the Himalaya Mountains, the Yellow River, the Red Sea, the Taiwan Island, etc.7)用在某些建筑物名词前。
如:the White House, the Great Hall of the People 8)用在姓氏复数形式之前,表示“某某一家”或“某某夫妇”。如:the Greens, the Blacks, etc.9)用在乐器名词前。如:the piano, the violin, etc.10)用在少数名词化的形容词前表示一类人或事物。
如:the old, the poor, the blind, etc.11)用在表示方向位置的名词前。如:in the east, on the right, in the centre, etc.12)用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。如:the People’s Republic of China, etc.13)用在某些习惯用语中。
如:in the morning, by the way, look the same, etc Step3零冠词的基本用法
口诀:下列情况不用冠,名词之前代词限;
专有名词不可数,球类学科与三餐;
复数名词表泛指,节日月份星期前;
颜色语种和国名,称呼习语及头衔。零冠词(不用冠词)
1)名词前已有作定语的指示代词、物主代词或不定代词等限定词。
如:The letter is in her bag.I have some questions.2)专有名词、物质名词和抽象名词等不可数名词前。如:China,water,music, etc. 3)球类活动、学科名词、一日三餐前。如:We have English and math every day. 4)复数名词表示泛指。如:They are workers.
5)节日、星期、月份、季节名称前。
如:June 1 is Children’s Day.
6)表示颜色、语言、称呼语和官职、头衔的名词前。如:Headmaster Li came to Class One just now.7)某些固定词组或习惯用语中。如:at night, go to school, by bus, etc.Step4:有些名词前用冠词或不用冠词,其意义有所不同。如:1)at table在吃饭;
at the table在桌子旁 2)in class在上课;
in the class在班级中 3)go to school去上学;go to the school到那所学校去 4)go to bed上床睡觉;
go to the bed到床那边去 5)in front of在„的前面;
in the front of在„的前部.Step5:中考考点提示
1.People often go skating in _________ winter.A.×
B.a
C.an
D.the
2.Jack enjoys watching TV, while Tom is interested in listening to______ music.A.the B./
C.a
D.an 3._____ youngest leader in China is
man called Lu Hao.
A.The;a
B.A;the
C.A;a
D.An;all Step6: 课堂达标
1.He is ______ strongest pupil in our class.A.a
B.an
C.the 2.He’ll come back in ____ hour.A.a
B.an
C.the 3.She has __ egg and some milk every morning.A.a
B.an
C.the 4.Alice likes to go ___ shopping with her friends.A./
B.a
C.the 5.Tom is playing ___ football, and Lily is playing
_____ piano.A./, /
B.the, /
C./, the 6.___ sun is bigger than ____ moon.A.The, the
B./, /
C.The, / Step7 :Practice
一、Choose the best answer 1 Mr.Wang bought ______ house.______ house is not far from the lake.A a An
B the
The
C a The 2 Would you please pass me ________ sugar on the table ?
A
a
B
the
C an ____earth we live on is bigger than _____ moon.A The, a
B The , the
C A , the 4 _____ Blacks are going to the parkthis Sunday.Why don’t we go for _______ walk ? A
A ,a
B The , a
C
The,the
二、用a an the /填空
1.____ useful book
2._____ Beijing 3._____ Class 12 Grade 3 4.have ____ lunch
5.have ____ big lunch 6.in ____ morning
7.in ____ cold morning 8.______ Mr Li
9._____ university 10.______ umbrella
11._____ hour 12._____ engineer
13.____ forth street 14._____ day before yesterday 15.play _____ chess
play _____ golf 16._____ few
_____ little 17.by _____ time
go to ______ cinema 18.at ____ breakfast
at ______home Step8:Homework 1.做中考专家冠词部分的练习2.预习代词 教学反思:
l0冠词教案 篇2
4.不用冠词的场合
少数名词前不使用冠词,主要是以下几种情况:
4.1人名、地名、国家名等专有名词前面一般不用冠词
Tom invited Jane to visit China.
汤姆邀请珍妮参观中国。
She traveled a long distance from Europe to Asia.
她从欧洲到亚洲施行了很远的路程。
4.2泛指的抽象名词、物质名词前不用冠词
Fresh air is good for health.
新鲜空气对健康有益。
Everyone needs to drink water every day.
每个人每天都需要喝水。
Now we are in an era of information.
现在我们已经处在住处时代了。
Everybody loves beauty.
人人爱美。
4.3泛指的复数名词前不用冠词
We should protect trees.
我们应该保护树木。
Pretty girls like to take pictures.
漂亮的女孩喜欢拍照。
Parents should not beat their kids.
家长不应该打小孩。
I love apples best.
我最喜欢苹果。
4.4名词前有下列单词作定语时,不能用冠词,因为这些词已经具有了冠词的含义或者作用
指示代词:this, these, that, those
物主代词:my, your, our, his, her,their, its
不定冠词:no, some, any, much,every等
I have my choice.
我有我的选择。
This book was expensive.
这本书那时很贵。
May I use your computer?
我可以用你的电脑吗?
The school offered every student a birthday cake.
学校送给每个学生一块生日蛋糕。
4.5大多数时间名词前不用冠词
Yesterday was Saturday.
昨天是星期六。
So today is Sunday.
那么今天是星期日。
Jane will be back in April.
珍妮四月份回来。
Shall I call you back next week?
冠词教学设计 篇3
一.教学目标
1.Know more about the articles.2.Create the students’ interests of English.二.教学重难点
冠词的分类,包括定冠词与不定冠词,不定冠词a与an的区别;不用冠词的情况;习语中的冠词;特指与泛指等。
三.教学过程
(一)冠词的含义及分类
1.冠词是虚词,本身不能单独使用,也没有词义,它用在名词的前面,帮助指明名词的含义。2.冠词分为不定冠词a(an)和定冠词the两种。
(二)通过做题说出冠词的用法
不定冠词a(an)例1 Jack’s father is _____ doctor.A.a
B.an
C.some
D./ 分析 :a和an均用于单数可数名词之前,表示一类人或事物中的“任何”一个,相当于汉语中的“一”,但不用于强调数目的概念。
2.There is __ “f” and ____“u” in the word “four”.A.an, a
B.a, a C.an, an
D.a, an 分析 :在名词前使用a或an要取决于该名词的读音。如果首字母的读音是元音因素,应用an;如果首字母的读音是辅音音素,应用a。
3---Why not take ____ friend with you?--That’s ____ good idea A.a, a
B.the, the
C.a, the
D.the, a 分析
使用不定冠词指某人或某物,但不具体说明是 何人或何物。4.Take the medicine three times____ day.A.a
B.the
C.an
D./ 分析
使用不定冠词表示单位,fifty miles an hour意为“每小时50公里”,twice a week意为“每周两次”。
5.English is ___language.It is __ important tool.A.a, a
B.a, an
C.the, an
D.a, / 分析
a language意为“一种语言”。language 是可数名词。6.____ steel worker makes steel.A./
B.A
C.This
D.That 分析 a(an)放于单数的可数名词前表示“一类”。该句中 a steel worker是指钢铁工人们。表示一类有三种方式:
A bike is slower than a car.The bike is slower than the car.Bikes are slower than cars.7.Tom has ____ high fever and his mother is looking after him.A.a
B.the
C.an
D./
分析 表示生什么病前应用a, have a headache, have a cold。8.Mary takes__ walk after supper every day.A.the
B.a
C./
D.one 分析 give, take, have与一些动词名词化的词连用,表示一次动作,名词前要加a。have a talk(bath, look);make a living(promise);take a swim(walk, rest)give a talk(whistle, smile)9.The old woman had____ fire in her room.A.the
B./
C.a
D.this 分析 抽象名词和物质名词的具体化时,该名词前要加a。It is a great joy to study at this college.This kind of wood can make into a good paper.He made a living by selling newspaper 不定冠词的用法
1.表示一类人或事物中的“任何”
一个,相当于汉语中“一”,但不用于强调数目的概念。
2.指某人或某物,但不具体说明是何人或何物。3.表示单位 4.表示“一类” 定冠词the的用法
1.There is ___bridge over the river.___ bridge is made of stone.A.a, A
B.a, The
C.the, The
D.the, A 分析 文章中第一次出现的可数名词前用a(an)。下次再出现此名词则用the。I have a little bird.The bird is yellow.2.___ old workers under that tree are from Shanghai.A.The B.An
C.This D.That 分析 名词后有表示范围、地点的介词短语限定时,名词前应加the来表示特指。The boys here are interested in sports.3.__ first one sat down and the second stood up.A.The
B.A
C.One
D.An 分析 序数词前表示顺序时前加the。Mary is the third to come in.4.Winter is ____ coldest season of the year.A.a
B.the
C./
D.so 分析 形容词最高级前及Only修饰的名词前均要加 the。Mary is the only girl who is often late for class.5.____ moon moves around __ earth, and they both are smaller than ____ sun.A.The, the, the
B.A, an, a
C.The, an, the
D.The, the, a 分析 定冠词用于表示世界上独一无二的物体名词前。6.We live in ____ south of China.A.the
B./
C.a D.some 分析 表示东、南、西、北方的名词前要加the。The sun rises in the east.7.____ browns are watching TV at home at the moment.A./
B.The
C.Mr.D.A 分析 the放于姓氏的复数形式前时,表示一家人或一姓的夫妇二人。
8.He will go to see you off at __ Railway Station.A.a
B.an
C.the
D./ 分析 the+普通名词构成专有名词。the United States/the United Nationsthe People’s Republic of China 9.I was playing ____ piano at eight yesterday morning.A.a
B./
C.the
D.this 分析 play+乐器表示弹奏时,该乐器名词前加 the。Alice likes to play the violin while Kate likes to play the flute.表示数量时可用a。This is a new piano against the wall.10.Our teacher gets up early in __morning.A.the
B./
C.a
D.an 分析 牢记一些含the的习惯用语,在句中用作时间状语。
in the afternoon(evening)/in the daytime at the beginning/in the end 11.There is a large ship in ____middle of the river.A.a
B./
C.the
D.an 分析 牢记一些含the的习惯用语,在句中用作地点状语。on the right(left)/in the front of in the middle of the meeting / the forest/ at the foot of the hill 12.Last night we went to ____ cinema.A.the
B.a
C./
D.those 分析 牢记一些固定搭配:go to the concert(theatre 定冠词的用法
1.文章中第一次出现的可数名词前用a(an)。下次再出现此名词时。2.名词后有表示范围、地点的介词短语限定时 3.序数词前表示顺序时
4.形容词最高级前及only修饰的名词前。5.定冠词用于表示世界上独一无二的物体名词前。6.表示东、南、西、北方的名词前
7.姓氏的复数形式前时,表示一家人或一姓的夫妇二人 8.the+普通名词构成专有名词。
9.play+乐器表示弹奏时,该乐器名词前加 the。10.the+形容词(形容词名词化)表示一类人或事物
11.定冠词the用在江河、海洋、山脉、湖泊、群岛名称的前面 零冠词的用法
1.Paper is made of ____ bamboo.A.a
B.the
C./
D.that 分析
物质名词和抽象名词前一般不加冠词。Wood can be made into chairs and tables.Iron is a kind of metal.2.____ January is the first month of the year.A.The
B.A
C./
D.That 分析 表示节日、月份的名词前一般不加the。Spring is coming.He was born in December.如果表示有某年限定的季节和月份时,季节和月份前要加the。He was born in the Summer of 1964.3.We have no classes ____ Sundays.A.the
B.these C.D.those 分析 表示一周中七日的名称前一般不加冠词。
4.I studies ___English in___ England.A./, /
B.an, the C.an, an
D./, the 分析 学科前和国名、洲名前一般不加冠词。
learn Chinese(maths, physics, chemistry)China is in Asia.in Germany(Japan)in Africa(Europe …)5.He doesn’t have ____ breakfast at home.A.a
B.the
C.this
D./ 分析
表示三餐的名词前不加冠词,如果前面有形容词修饰该词,表示“一顿…的饭”,可加a。have a big supper(nice lunch)6.We go to work by __ bus.A./
B.a
C.the
D.one 分析 表示交通工具的手段时,用by+名词表示,该名词前不用冠词。by bike(taxi, car, train, plane, spaceship)或by sea(water, air, land)如果用介词in或on,名词前要加冠词或物主代词。7.____ running is good.A.The
B.A
C./
D.An 分析
动名词前一般不用冠词。Walking on the moon is difficult.Seeing is believing.8.These boys play ___football after class.A.a
B.the
C.that
D./ 分析
球类、棋类、游戏名称前不加冠词。9.The students of ____ Grade One are having a meeting.A.these
B./
C.a
D.an 分析 名词+数词表示顺序时,前面不加冠词the;序数词+名词表示顺序数,序数词前加冠词the。turn to page3/ the third page Lesson One/ the first lesson
gate Five/ the fifth Gate 10.There is no ____ book on the desk.A.the
B.a
C.an
D.分析 名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词所有格或any和 no时,均 不再用冠词。
no books, not a book, not any books 11.He often works late at ____ night.A./
B.the
C.a
D.all 分析 表示时间或地点的一些介词+名词的词组和一些固定词组中,均不加冠词。at home, in town, at noon, at daybreak, in trouble, in danger, in fact等。
12.They often take a walk in __Hyde Park.A.the
B.a
C./
D.this 分析 在一些专有名词(地名、节假日)之前不加冠词。
Christmas Day
New year’s
EveNational Day
Children’s Day Teachers’ Day
Wall Street 不用冠词的场合
1.物质名词和抽象名词前一般不加冠词 2.表示节日、月份的名词前一般不加the 3.表示一周中七日的名称前一般不加冠词 4.学科前和国名、洲名前一般不加冠词
5.在一些专有名词(地名、节假日)之前不加冠词
6.表示某一概念,而不是某具体工作的部门时,名词前不加冠词 7.表示三餐的名词前不加冠词
8.表示交通工具的手段时,用by+名词表示,该名词前不用冠词。9.动名词前一般不用冠词。
10.球类、棋类、游戏名称前不加冠词。
11.名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词所有格或any和 no时,均不再用冠词 12.表示时间或地点的一些介词+名词的词组和一些固定词组中,均不加冠词 13.家庭成员的称呼、称呼语或只一人担任的职务名词前不用冠词 有些名词前用冠词或不用冠词,其意义有所不同。如: 1)at table 在吃饭
at the table 在桌子旁 2)in class 在上课
in the class 在班级中 3)next year 明年
the next year
第二年 4)go to school 去上学
go to the school到那所学校去 5)go to bed 上床睡觉
go to the bed 到床那边去 6)in front of 在(…外部)的前面
in the front of 在…的前部 7)in hospital 因病住院
in the hospital 在医院里(不一定是病人)8)in class 在上课
冠词用法 篇4
1. 表示“一”这个数量概念,比one意思稍弱
e.g.: The plan will be ready in a week or two.
2. 表示某人或某物,但不具体说明哪个, 相当于any
e.g.: This poem was written by a student.
注:在1,2两项中,如果名词变复数,把a换成数词或不定代词some, any等即可。
e.g.: The plan will be ready in three weeks.
3. 表示某一类人或事物
e.g.: Even a child can answer this question.
注:句中名词变复数时,去掉不定冠词a/an即可。
4. 和表示时间或度量衡的名词连用表示“每日”、“每斤”等
e.g.: I take a two-mile walk twice a day.
5. 用于固定词组
e.g.: have/take a shower have/take a bath
take a walk give a lecture
a lot of a couple of
as a rule have a headache
a few a little a bit
6. 不定冠词用于有形容词修饰的季节, 日期前面
The traffic accident happened on a Sunday towards the end of July.
7. 用于序数词前面, 表示
三、定冠词的主要用法
1. 特指某人、某物,以区别于其他人、物
e.g.: This is the head of our delegation.
2. 用于谈话双方都明确的人、物前
e.g.: Take the medicine after meals.
3. 用于上文提到过的人、物前
e.g.: There is a new book on the desk. Give me the book.
4. 用于世界上独一无二的事物前
e.g.: the (sun, moon, earth, sky, world, globe, equator(赤道), universe(宇宙), atmosphere)
5. 用于序数词前
e.g.: the first one, the second one, etc.
6. 用于形容词最高级前
e.g.: Autumn is the best season here.
7. 用于表示方位(东、西、南、北、中、左、右)的名词前
e.g.: Tianjin is in the east of China.
但 from east to west 之类的结构除外
8. 用于某些江、河、湖、海、山川、海湾、沙漠前
e.g.: the Yangtze River, the Yellow River, the Baltic (Sea)(波罗的海),
the Himalayas(喜马拉雅山), the Taiwan Straits, the Sahara(撒哈拉沙漠)
9. 用于由普通名词构成的专有名词前,如国家、组织机构、某些报纸名
e.g.: the People’s Republic of China, the United Nations, the Times, the People’s Daily
10.用于姓氏复数前,表示一家人,e.g.: the Browns 布朗一家
11.用于形容词前,表示一类人,e.g.: the old, the poor
12.用于演奏的乐器、文娱艺术活动等名称前
e.g.: play (the piano, the violin, the flute, the cello),
go to (the cinema,, the theatre, the movies, the concert)
13.用于逢十的复数数词之前,指世纪的某个年代
e.g.: in the 1990s (二十世纪九十年代)
14.用于表示发明物的单数名词前
e.g.: Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876.
15.用于单数可数名词前,表示某一类人或事物
e.g.: The horse is a useful animal.
16.当用来指人体部位时,在介词之后通常用the 来代替物主代词
e.g.: I had a cold in the head.(头部受了风)
He became very red in the face.
He was wounded in the leg.
He took (lead, seize, catch) me by the arm (hair…).
beat sb. on the nose/head,
be blind in the left (right) eye
be deaf in the left (right) ear
17.用于某些固定词组
e.g.: in the morning (afternoon, evening, daytime)
at the moment
on the phone
the whole day
by the way
in the end
on the other hand
on the whole (大体上) 对应的 as a whole (就整个来看)
in the city 对应的 in town
at the back of(in back of) 对应的 in front of (在…前面)
在…后面
in the distance (在远处) 对应的 at a distance of +数词
(在多远处)
四、不用冠词的场合
1. 可数名词复数、不可数名词表示一类或泛指时
e.g.: Teachers must love their students.
Unity is strength.
2. 专有名词(洲、国家、人名)前,一般不用冠词
e.g.: Asia, Japan, Jim
3. 球类、棋类等体育运动以及三餐前
e.g.: play (volleyball, table tennis, chess, cards)
have (breakfast, lunch, dinner)
注:如特指某一餐,需加不定冠词a/an
e.g.: They had a wonderful dinner at that hotel last night.
4. 学科、语言、(医学中)大部分疾病名、某些报刊名前
e.g.: chemistry, English, High blood pressure, China Daily
5. 季节、月份、星期、节日前,一般不加冠词,但有限定性定语修饰
或表示一特定的时间时,就要加定冠词
e.g.: School begins in September.
We have few classes on Saturday.
但:She came to Tianjin in the spring of .
Where do you plan to spend the summer?
6. 大多数学校、街道、公园、广场、桥梁、车站、机场等名称前
e.g.: Tian An Men Square, Nanjing Road, Tianjin Railway Station
7. 在描述交通方式时
e.g.: by car, by bus, by bike, by train, on foot, etc.
I go to school by bike every day.
但take a bus, come in a boat, on the train/bus 等表示具体的交通工具时要用冠词
8. 系动词turn(变成)后面作表语的单数可数名词前习惯不用冠词
e.g.: The young worker has turned writer.
=The young worker has become a writer.
9. 称呼语或指家里雇用的nurse, cook 等名词前及表示独一无二的头衔、职务的名词作宾语、补语及同位语时,一般不加冠词
e.g.: What’s this, mother?
Ask nurse to put the child to bed.
Lincoln was made president of the United States again.
10.As引导的让步状语从句,作表语的名词前不用冠词
e.g.: Child as she is, she knows a lot of English.
11.⑴ 在单数名词+after +同一单数名词(表示“一个接一个”)结构中,单数可数名词前不加冠词
e.g.: She did experiment after experiment.
shop after shop, mistake after mistake, etc.
⑵ 当两个或两个以上的名词用and 连接时,如带有对比的含义或习惯上
总在一起使用,常省去冠词
e.g.: husband and wife, brother and sister, day and night,
body and soul, knife and fork
12.当两个形容词最高级并列修饰同一名词时,第二个形容词前常不用the
e.g.: She is the tallest and fattest girl in our class.
13.No 与such 连用时,no 应放在such 之前,such 后的名词前不用冠词
e.g.: No such thing has ever happened in this village.
14.church, school, hospital, prison, university 等单数可数名词指机构(institution)时,其前常不用冠词;如果不指机构而指一座具体建筑(building),其前又常用冠词。
e.g.: They go to church every Sunday morning.(上教堂)
The church was pulled down for a new and bigger one.
She stayed in hospital for three weeks after the accident.(住院)
He walked into the hospital through a side entrance.
注:用法类似的词还有:bed, class, table, town 等。
e.g.: The family were at table when he arrived.(在吃饭)
Why not remove the table? It’s in the way.
You’re not going to town with him, are you?(进城)
The town used to be rather small. Now it extends miles and miles.
15.有时在新闻标题、工商业文件、广告、电报、公告、提纲、书名中,为了节省空间、时间、金钱和精力,或为了引起注意,省去冠词
e.g.: Conference opens.
考点:
在考试中,冠词部分的题常见的有以下类型:
1. 各种应该使用冠词的情况
e.g.: They went to _____ Smiths’ and stayed there for half an hour.
A. the B. a C. an D. / (津春季高考) (答案A)
2. 各种不应该使用冠词的情况
e.g.: On _____ Christmas Day people like to send Christmas cards to each other.
A. the B. a C. one D./ (津春季高考) (答案D)
3. 冠词的固定用法
e.g.: All of _____ sudden the child rushed out from _____ the door.
A. the, behind B. a, behind C. /, behind D. the, /
(2002津春季高考) (答案B)
4. 不定冠词a/an 用法的区别
e.g.: Is his girl friend _____ European or _____ American? (津春季高考)
A. a, / B. an, an C. an, / D. a, an (答案D)
课后习题难点讲解:
P39. 强化训练-A 巩固练习
Ⅰ--第9小题
Mike was elected __/__ captain of the team.
---分析---:按照我们上面“不用冠词的场合”讲的,在表示独一无二头衔、职务的名词作补语时,其前不用冠词,所以captain前什么也不填。(书上答案错误)
Ⅰ--第15小题
The play, Hamlet, attracted a large audience.
---分析---:首先,第一个空特指Hamlet这部剧,无疑应该填定冠词the。这里主要是audience前的第二个空,audience 本身是一个集体名词,可数。分析这样的词时,我们要看它强调的是整体还是整体中的每一个个体,如:
My family is a large one. (把family 看作了一个整体)
My family were listening to the tape. (强调的是family中的每一个成员)
本题中audience 强调的是“一大群观众”这样一个整体概念,所以应该填a。
Ⅰ--第22小题
give up + ving : give up 后直接跟动名词表示放弃做某事。
Exercises:
1. Please pay attention to your spelling. You’ve dropped ____ “m” here.
A. an B. the C. / D. a
2. That evening ___ Greens sat before a bright fire and had ___ nice supper.
A. the, a B. /, / C. /, a D. the, /
3. _____ elephant is useful to human beings.
A. The B. This C. That D. A
4. The man was in _____ hurry to catch _____ train.
A. a, / B. a, the C. the, / D. /, the
5. _____ thief is a danger to _____.
A. The, society B. The, a society C. A, society D. A, the society
6. In _____ time of _____ danger, one’s mind works fast.
A. the, the B. a, a C. /, / D. the, /
7. We should take good care of _____.
A. young and old B. the young and old
C. the young and the old D. young and the old
8. ---Have you seen _____ pen? I left it here this morning.
---Is it _____ black one? I think I saw it somewhere
A. a, the B. the, the C. the, a D. a, a
9. Mr. Zhang began to learn ___ English language at ___ age of fifty.
A. /, the B. the, the C. /, / D the, /
10. Your can have _____ second try if you fail _____ first time.
A. the, / B. /, a C. the, a D. a, the
高中英语冠词语法 篇5
结合名词的分类情况,理解冠词表泛指、特指、类指、专指之间的区别;掌握有关冠词的习语及固定句型。
二、命题导向
冠词规则的灵活运用是高考命题的一个热点,几乎每年高考题的单项选择或完形填空都有涉及冠词的题目,不定冠词和定冠词的一些特殊用法,习惯用法及不用冠词的情况是高考重点考查的知识点。
三、复习要点
1.不定冠词的基本用法:
(1)表示数量“一”,相当于“one”。I’ll return in a day or two。
(2)表示“同一”,相当于“the same”。The children are of an age。
(3)表示泛指或类指,指人或事物的某一个、某一类。如:
He wants to he a doctor./ A horse is a useful animal。
(4)用于某一些表示重量、长度、时间等单位前,表示“每一”。如:
We have meals three times a day。(我们一天吃三餐。)
(5)用于专有名词前表示类似的一个或某一个,相当于“a certain”。如:
A Mr. Smith is asking to see you. (一位李先生要见你。)
(6)与某些物质名词或抽象名词连用,表示“一种、一类、一份、一场、一阵……”如: a surprise一件令人惊讶的事;a success一个(件)成功的人(事);a green tea一种绿茶;a heavy rain一场(阵)大雨
(7)用在某些固定词组中。如:
①have a swim/walk/talk/dance/look =swim/walk/talk/dance/look
②have a cold, have a good time, keep a diary, in a hurry, once in a while, at a loss, for a while, once upon a time, all of a sudden, tell a lie, do sb. a favour, at a distance, have a good knowledge of, as a matter of fact
2.定冠词的基本用法:
(1)表示上文提到过的人或事物。如:I have bought a book. The book is very useful。
(2)用于说话人与听话人心中都有数的人或事物。如:Close the window, please。
(3)用于表示世界上独一无二的事物前。如:the sun, the moon, the earth, the world等。
(4)用于表示方位的名词之前。如:in the east, on the right。
(5)用于序数词或形容词的最高级之前。如:the first, the tallest。
(6)用于形容词之前,使其名词化,表示一类人。如:the sick, the wounded。
(7)用于由普通名词构成的专有名词之前。如:the United States, the United Nation。
(8) 用于江河、海洋、海峡、山脉、群岛、建筑物等的名词之前。如:the Changjiang River, the East Lake。
(9)用于复数姓氏之前,表示“夫妇”或“全家”。如:The Smiths。
(10)用于作为课程或演奏等的西洋乐器名词前。如:play the piano; play the violin。
(11)用于表示单位的名词前。如:by the day(month)按日(月),by the yard(foot)按码(英尺)
(12)用于年代、朝代、时代名词前。如:in the 1970s, the Tang Dynasty。
(13) 用于某些固定词组中。如:in the morning(afternoon, evening), on the other hand , at the same time。
3.不用冠词的情况:
(1)不含普通名词的专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词、人名、地名等名词前,一般不加冠词。如:China , America, Smith。
(2)可数名词前有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等限制时,不加冠词。如:
I like this picture; Einstein’s theory proved to be correct。
(3)季节、月份、星期、节日、假日、一日三餐名称前一般不加冠词。如:
March, May Day, National Day, Children’s Day, Women’s Day,have supper
(4)呼语前不用冠词。如:What shall I do next, Mother?
(5)表示独一无二的头衔职务、职务名词作表语、同位语或补足语时,一般不加冠词。如:We elected him president of our university。
(6)学科名称、球类、棋类名称前不加冠词。如:
Do you study physics?
He likes playing football/chess。
(7)复数名词表示泛指一类人或事物时前不用冠词。如:
They are peasants/ workers。
(8)在与by连用的交通工具名称前不加冠词。如:
by car, by bus, by bike, by train, by air/ water/ land
(9)连系动词turn后的表语单数可数名词前不用冠词。如:
The young worker has turned writer。
(10)no与such连用时应放在such之前,such后面的名词前不用冠词。如:
No such thing has ever happened in this village。
(11)as, though引导的倒装的让步状语从句中的表语(单数可数名词名词)置于句首时不用冠词。如:child as he is, he knows a lot。
(12)某些固定词组中不用冠词。如:husband and wife, brother and sister, body and soul, day and night, knife and fork, young and old, arm in arm, hand in hand, side by side, go to school, leave school, in prison, to(at, from, at work, on foot, from door to door, from morning till night, year after year, step by step
四、注意事项
1. 在有些词组中,有无冠词含义不同。
go to school 去上学 in hospital 住院(因病)
go to the school 去学校 in the hospital在医院(工作、参观等)
in front of在前面,指某物体之外 in charge负责,主管
in the front of在前部,指某物之内 in the charge由……负责
out of question没问题
英语语法---名词、代词和冠词 篇6
名词是秃子,常要戴帽子,可数名词单,须用a或an,辅音前用a,an在元音前,若为特指时,则须用定冠,复数不可数,泛指the不见,碰到代词时,冠词均不现。【妙语诠释】
冠词是中考必考的语法知识之一,也是中考考查的主要对象。以上口诀包括的意思有:①名词在一般情况下不单用,常常要和冠词连用;②表示不确指的可数名词单数前要用不定冠词a或an,确指时要用定冠词the;③如复数名词表示泛指,名词前有this,these,my,some等时就不用冠词。英语语法---名词
(一)可数名词的复数构成 A.规则变化 1.单词后加S 2.单词后加ES(以CH等结尾的单词)3.以F或FE结尾,变为VE加S B.不规则变化
1.单复同形
deer sheep
fish
Chinese
Japanese
means 2.只有复数形式
people
police
cattl
clothes
trousers,glasses 3.不规则变化
man----men
woman----women
foot-----feet
tooth-----teeth mouse------mice
child-----children
German------Germans 4.复合名词的复数 1)将后一部分变成复数
Englishman---Englishmen gentleman---gentlemen policewoman----policewomen 2)将主要成分变成复数
looker-on----lookers-on
son-in-law----sons-in-law
3)如果前一词是man, woman,将两部分都变成复数 men doctors
women 小结
grown-up----grown-ups
名词单数变复数规则 【速记口诀】
单数变复数,规则要记住,一般加s,特殊有几处: 【妙语诠释】
①大部分单数可数名词变为复数要加s,也就是单词如果以ch,sh,s,x等结尾),则一般加es;②以o结尾的单词除了两人(negro,hero)两菜(tomato,potato)加es外,其余一般加s;③以f或fe结尾的单词一般是把f,fe变为ve再加s;④英语中还有些单词没有规则,需要特殊记忆,如child—children,mouse—mice,deer—deer,sheep—sheep,Chinese—Chinese,ox— oxen,man—men,woman—women,foot—feet,tooth—teeth。
(二)名词所有格
1.表示有生命的东西的名词,所有格在名词后加’s Mr Li’s house
The cat’s food
James’ dog
The dogs’ food 2.表示无生命的东西的名词,用of+名词的结构来表示 The leg of the desk
the cover of the magazine 3.在时间,距离,度量,价值等名词后,可用名词所有格。Two months’ time
Today’s newspaper
fifty pounds’ weight 4.表示店铺或某人的家时,常在所有格后省去shop, home.The doctor’s
the tailor’s
my uncle’s
the barber’s 5.名词前有冠词,数词,不定代词或指示代词时,用of词组+所有格表示 a friend of John’s
that bike of Tom’s 6.某样东西为两人或多人共有,在后一个名词尾+’s.Jane and Fred’s mother
Jane’s and Fred’s mother Tom and Tim’s car
Tom’s and Tim’s car 小结
名词所有格用法 【速记口诀】
名词所有格,表物是“谁的”,若为生命词,加“’s”即可行,词尾有s,仅把逗号择;并列名词后,各自和共有,前者分别加,后者最后加;若为无生命词,of所有格,前后须倒置,此是硬规则。【妙语诠释】
①有生命的名词所有格一般加s,但如果名词以s结尾,则只加“’”;②并列名词所有格表示各自所有时,分别加“’s”,如果是共有,则只在最后名词加 “’s”;③如果是无生命的名词则用of表示所有格,这里需要注意它们的顺序与汉语不同,A of B要翻译为B的A(三)主谓一致
主语是复数,谓语用复数,主语是单数,谓语用单数。He is a student.We are students.1
and 连接两个名词,看有无the.The professor and writer is going to give us a lecture of writing.The professor and the writer are going to our school.2
主语单数+ with/as well as/ but/except/besides/including …+谓语单数
主语复数+ with/as well as/ but/except/besides/including …+谓语复数 A library with five thousand books is offered to the nation as a gift.3.有些名词复数形式作为一个整体,(如度量,距离,金额,时间,书名等)其谓语动词用单数。Two weeks ___(be)not enough to finish the work.1000 dollars ___(be)a large amount of money.4.There be 句型就近原则。
There ____ a pair of glasses on the desk.There ____ two patients and a nurse in the hospital.5.某些集体名词,如family ,team 等做主语时,若当一个整体看,谓语动词就用单数,若就其中一个一个成员来看,谓语动词就用复数,class , club, audience ,committee , crowd , government , party, public , team 等。其中population 的用法也类似
His family _____(be)a happy family.All the world ________(be)waiting for the good news.6.成双成对构成的东西,如glasses, shoes, chopsticks, scissors等作主语,谓语动词用复数形式,但与a pair一起构成作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
7.each , every+名词,谓语用单数。
Each boy and girl ________(want)to serve the people in the future.8.以 either …or , neither …nor , not only … but also,not…but…等连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词的单复数应按照就近原则。
Either you or he ______(be)to go.Not only he but also I ______(be)wrong.9.…几分之几/。。百分之几+of +名词单数 + 谓语单数
…几分之几/。。百分之几+of +名词复数 + 谓语复数 Three-fifths of money _____(have)been used up.10.…one of +复数名词 +谓语复数
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