初中英语语法冠词教案

初中英语语法冠词教案（精选8篇）

初中英语语法冠词教案 篇1

(一)概说

1.冠词是一种虚词，不能独立担任一个成分，只能附着在一个名词上，帮助说明其词义。英语中有两个冠词：

1)定冠词the 2)不定冠词a/an

定冠词the通常读作[]，在元音前读作[i]，特别强调或单念时读作[i:]。

不定冠词在元音音素开始的单词前用an这个形式，读作[n];在其他情况下则使用a，读作[]。

2.冠词的基本意义

不定冠词a/an与数词one同源，表示“一个”的意思，用在可数名词单数前。

例如： She is a nurse. 她是个护士。

He is an Englishman, with an Irish wife. 他是一位英国人，有一个爱尔兰妻子。

定冠词the，与this同源，有“这(那)个”的意思，但比较弱，表示一(几)个特定的人或东西，有时可译作“这个(些)”或“那个(些)”。

例如：

That’s the book you want. 这就是你要的那本书。 Who’s the young man over there? 那边那个年轻人是谁?

但在很多情况下，“这”或“那”这类词在译文中并不出现。

例如： Put it on the table. 把它放在桌上。 Shut the door, please. 请把门关上。

3.特指和泛指

一般来说，名词有特指和泛指两种情况，请比较下面的句子：

A gentleman is asking to see you. 有位先生要求见你。(泛指)

Ask the gentleman to come in. 请那位先生进来。(特指)

在特指时一般前面要加定冠词，而泛指时则有三种情况：

1)在可数名词单数前加不定冠词。

例如： She sent me a postcard 她寄给我一张明信片。

2)在可数名词复数前可不加冠词，可使用some, any这类词。

例如： These are new words. 这些是生词。 She sent me some flowers. 她送给我一些花。

3)在不可数名词前多不加什么，有时也可加some, any等。

例如： It’s lovely weather. 天气真好。 Do you want any sugar in your tea? 你茶里要放点糖吗?

Give us some help. 给我们一些帮助。

(二)不定冠词的基本用法

1.泛指某一类人或事物中的一个，代表某一类别(不一定译为“一”)

例如： His father is a doctor. 他父亲是医生。

2.代表某一类人或事物，相当于any(+名词)(不必译为“一”，但必须用a，表示类别)

例如： A horse is a useful animal. 马是有用的动物。

3.指某人或某物(不是指某一类)，但不具体说明何人或何物(一般译为“一”)

例如： This book was written by a worker. 这本书是一位工人写的。

4.表示数量，有“一”的.意思，但数的概念没有one强烈(一般译为“一”)

例如： Wait a moment. 等一下。

5.表示单位，相当于“每”的意思

例如： We have three meals a day. 我们每日吃三餐。

6.用于某此固定词组中

例如： a few, a little, a bit (of), a lot of等。

(三)定冠词的基本用法

1.特指某(些)人或某(些)事物

例如： Give me the book. 把那本书给我。

2.指谈话双方都知道的人或事物

例如： Where is the doctor? 医生在哪儿?

3.再次提到上文提到过的人或事物

例如：

I bought a dictionary yesterday. The dictionary is at home. 昨天我买了一本词典。词典在家里。

4.用在大家所熟悉的、世界上独一无二的事物

例如： The earth is bigger than the moon, but smaller than the sun. 地球比月亮大，但比太阳小。

5.用在序数词和形容词最高级前

例如： Mr Wang teaches the first class. 王先生上第一节课。

Of all the stars the sun is the nearest to the earth. 在所有的恒星中，太阳离地球最近。

6.用在单数可数名词，表示某一类人或事物

例如：The horse is a useful animal. 马是有用的动物。

7.与下列专有名词连用

1)在江、河、湖、海、群岛、山脉的名称前

例如： the Changjiang River, the Great Lake

2)在姓氏的复数名词前，表示夫妇二人或全家人

例如： The Greens are sitting at the breakfast table. 格林一家人正围坐在早餐桌旁。

8.和某些形容词连用，表示一类人

例如：

the old 老人 the young 年轻人 the rich 富人 the poor 穷人 the sick 病人 the dead 死人

9.在一些习惯说法中

the east (west, south, north) in the morning (afternoon, evening) on the left (right)

in the end go to the cinema

(四)不用冠词的几种情况

1.在专有名词，抽象名词和物质名词前

例如：

Have you ever been to Shanghai? 你到过上海吗? We love science. 我们爱好科学。

2.在表示一类人或事物的复数名词前

例如： Girls can be scientists. 女孩子可以当科学家。

3.在季节、月份、星期、一日三餐的名称前

例如： It is hot in summer. 夏天天气热。

It’s Tuesday, August the 22nd. 今天是八月二十二日，星期三。

Have you had breakfast? 你吃过早饭没有?

4.称呼语或表示头衔，职务的名词前

例如：

What’s the matter with you, Mike? 怎么啦，迈克?

He is headmaster of our school. 他是我们学校的校长。

5.学科和球类运动的名称前

例如：

We study English. 我们学习英语。 Do you like to play football? 你喜欢踢足球吗?

6.名词前已有用作定语的this, that my, your, some, any, no, whose, every, each等代词时，不用冠词

例如：

That is her bike那是她的自行车。Each student in his class studies hard. 这个班的每个学生都努力学习。

7.在某些固定词组的名词前

例如： at home, at night, after school, by bus, in bed, in town, in front of, go to school, go to bed等。

I. 在下列句子的空格中填上适当的冠词，不需要的地方用“/”表示：

1. This is ______ old map. It is ______ useful map.

2. We have no classes in ______ afternoon on _______ Saturday.

3. ______ spaceship flies at about eleven kilometers _______second.

4. Beijing is ______ capital of ______ China. It is _______ beautiful city.

5. Roman was not built in ______ day.

6. Chinese is quite ______ difficult language for Mike.

7. Many ______ students will take ______ active part in sports meet.

8. There is ______ interesting picture on ______ wall.

9. Jenny found ______ wallet lying on ______ground. ______ wallet was Mr. Black’s.

10. Which is ______ biggest, ______ sun, ______ moon, or ______ earth?

11. --- Which picture is more beautiful? --- ______one on ______ left, I think.

12. --- Which is _____ way to ______ hospital?

--- Go down this road and turn left on ______ second crossing.

13. _______ more, _______ better.

14. _______ Turners are sitting at breakfast table.

15. Joe Hill was _______ fighter for ______ working class.

16. When was ______ People’s Republic of China founded?

17. In China ______ first English textbooks were published in _____late nineteenth century.

18. After ______ breakfast he went to ______ school on ______ foot.

19. ______ Huanghe River lies in ______ north of China.

20. He likes playing ______ football. His sister likes playing ______ piano.

II. 单项选择：

1. 上学 A. go to school B. go to the school C. go to a school

2. 住院 A, in the hospital B. in a hospital C. in hospital

3. 此刻 A. at the moment B. at a moment C. at moment

4. 在课堂上 A. in class B. in a class C. in the class

5. 在地球上 A. on earth B. on an earth C. on the earth

6. 步行 A. on foot B. on the foot C. on feet

7. 吃饭 A. at a table B. at the table C. at table

8. 乘公共汽车A. take bus B. by bus C. by the bus

9. 在家 A. at the home B. at a home C. at home

10. 在工作 A. at work B. at the work C. at works

11. 跳高 A. jump high B. high jump C. the high jump

12. 坐飞机 A. by air B. by the air C. on air

13. 乘火车 A. by the train B. by train C. on train

14. 在校学习A. in the school B. in school C. in schools

15. 睡觉 A. go to bed B. go to the bed C. go to a bed

16. 感冒 A. have a cold B. have the cold C. have cold

17. 乘船 A. by ship B. on ship C. by a ship

18. 玩得痛快A. have good times B. have a good time C. have good times

19. 事实上 A. in the fact B. in facts C. in fact

21. 从早到晚

A. from morning to the evening B. from morning to evening C. from a morning to an evening

III. 选择填空：

1. There is ______ old woman in the car.

A. / B. the C. a D. an

2. Shanghai is in _______ east of China.

A. / B. an C. the D. a

3. Bill is ______ English teacher. He likes playing ______ football.

A. a, the B. an, the C. a, / D. /, /

4. The museum is quite far. It will take you half _____ hour to go there by ______ bus.

A. an, / B. an, a C. a, / D. /, /

5. The story is ______ interesting. That means it is ______ interesting story.

A. an, the B. the, a. C. /, an D. /, a

6. Let’s go for ______ walk, shall we?

A. a B. an C. the D. /

7. This is ______ interesting story-book and it is also ______ useful one.

A. a, a B. an, an C. an, a D. a, an

8. _______ woman over there is ______ popular teacher in our school.

A. A, an B. The, a C. The , the D. A, the

9. They passed our school ______ day before yesterday.

A. an B. one C. a D. the

10. Australia is ______ English-speaking country.

A. a B. an C. the D. /

11. Don’t play ______ basketball here. It’s dangerous.

A. a B. an C. / D. the

12. This is ______ apple. It’s _______ big apple.

A. an, a B. a, the C. a, an D. an, the

13. --- Have you seen ______ bag? I left it here just now.

--- Is it ______ one on the chair near the door?

A. a, a B. the, the C. a, the D. the, a

14. I have ______ blue coat.

A. a B. an C. the D. some

15. This is _____ orange. _______ orange is on the table.

A. a, The B. an, The C. an, An D. the, An

16. Have you had ______ breakfast?

A. a B. an C. the D. /

17. He wondered when the doctor could finish _____ operation.

A. a B. an C. the D. any

18. After ______ supper, he stayed at home and played ______ violin.

A. the, the B. /, the C. /, a D. /, /

19. There is ______ apple on the plate.

A. a B. an C. the D. /

20. He said that he got ______ “ C” in the test.

A. a B. an C. the D. /

21. ______ new bridge has been built over ______ Huangpu River.

A. The, a B. A, / C. A, the D. An, an

22. English is _______ useful language in ______ world.

A. an, the B. a, the C. the, the D. an, an

23. In the word “ cariage” _______ “ r” is lost.

A. the B. an C. a D. /

24. With the help of his teacher he studied hard and got ______ “ A” in the test.

A. a B. an C. the D. one

25. I have two dogs. ______ black one is two years old and ______ yellow one is three years old.

A. A, a B. The, a C. The, the D. A. the

26. Li Dan can play ______ piano very well.

A. / B. a C. an D. the

27. What ______ interesting film it is! I like ______ film very much.

A. a, the B. a, a C. an, the D. The, /

28. ______ tall man over there is our ______ English teacher.

A. A, the B. The, a C. A, an D. The, /

冠词

I. 1. an, a 2. the, / 3. A, a 4. the, /, a 5. a 6. a 7. /, an 8. an, the 9. a, the, The 10. the, the, the, the 11. The, the 12. the, the, the 13. The , the 14. The 15. a, the 16. the 17. the, the 18. /, /, / 19. The, the 20. /, the

II. 1—5 ACAAC 6—10 ACBCA 11—15 BABBA 16—20 AABCB

III. 1—5 DCDAC 6—10 ACBDB 11—15 CACAB 16—20 DCBBA

21—25 CBBBC 26—28 DCD

初中英语语法冠词教案 篇2

一、新的语法教法尝试

(一) 牛津版初中英语教材与人教版教材语法项目的异同

同人教版教材不同的是, 牛津版初中英语教材在内容上, 编排了更为贴近生活、紧跟时代步伐的内容, 因此在语法上的编排也与以往人教版的教材有所不同。语法体系有所创新和改变, 这就使得教师在设计教案时感到无从下手, 因此就要求教师对牛津版教材的语法进行更细致深入的研究分析, 掌握更为合适的教学思路和教学主线。从整体上来看, 牛津版教材的语法项目与人教版相比, 只是多了间接语法这一项, 其他大项与人教版大同小异, 如果教师可以很好地理解把握人教版的语法内容, 掌握学习要点, 就能在教学过程中掌握主动性, 更好地把握牛津版教材的教学要点。

(二) 针对具体语法进行分析、比较

1. 时态方面:

牛津版教材与人教版相比, 在时态走线上基本一致, 只是“现在进行时”与“一般现在时”出现的先后顺序有所调整, 并且在牛津版教材中没有“过去将来时”。对学生们来说, 在小学就接触到了“现在进行时”和“一般现在时”, 所以顺序作出调整后, 接受起来并不困难, 主要是能够区分助动词的形式:do/does/is/are;动词的形式:work/works/working等。

2. 语态方面:

牛津版教材中, 被动语态比人教版教材出现的早些, 由于之前已经学习了五个基本时态, 时态的问题就不难解决了, 助动词的用法也熟悉了, 因此被动语态就比较容易学习了。在学习被动语态时, 语感对掌握被动语态是非常重要的, 因此提醒学生平时要加强语感练习。

3. 词类方面:

代词在小学阶段已经有了基础, 只要将人称代词与物主代词放在一起进行讲解就可以了, 不定代词可穿插在各单元中讲解;数词的讲解可以放在序数词之后, 容易拼错的序数词要让学生反复记忆;冠词、介词的讲解在整个初中英语教材中是贯穿始终的, 冠词的讲解从固定用法到习惯用法, 介词的讲解从方向、时间、位置到动词中的介词等;名词的单复数也在小学阶段就学习过了, 教师只要再加上不可数名词的讲解即可, 而名词的所有格要等学生掌握了物主代词之后进行讲解。名词的难点是名词与动词一致, 这可以通过加强学生的预感训练来解决;动词在牛津版教材中并没有归纳, 而学习英语的基础是掌握be动词, 所以教师可以适当变通, 提前讲解;非谓语的讲解相对来说是个难点, 教师可根据其出现的位置, 联系实际情况进行讲解。

二、如何设计教案

教案是教师教学方式的呈现, 是教学过程中的重要环节, 是教师思维方式和思考成果的载体, 教案的优劣好坏要在实践的基础上来评判。能够最大限度地发掘教师的教学能力, 让学生在最短的时间内接受新的知识, 这样的教案就是好教案, 就是成功的教案。

(一) 教案要有针对性

教师在编写教案时, 要以了解学生为基础前提。教师要了解班上每个学生的学习个性, 熟悉不同学生的性格特征、接受水平的差异, 这样在备课的时候就会产生事半功倍的效果, 并以此来设计教案。在教案设计中针对这一点的体现是:制定有层次性的学习目标, 设计有梯度性的问题, 进行选择性练习。根据学生的不同特质, 有针对性地设计教案, 才能够发挥每个学生的特长, 增加学生学习英语的兴趣, 才能够提高教学质量。

(二) 教案要深刻、要创新

教案设计的是否深刻, 主要看教师对知识点的思考是否深刻。能够透过现象看本质, 抓住事物的内在联系, 把握教学进展, 这都是由教师的素质和特点决定的。在当代社会中, 中学生正值青春期, 个性鲜明、兴趣广泛, 同时求知欲强, 想象力也很丰富, 提出的问题也五花八门, 因此教师要考虑到这些因素, 联系教材内容, 设计出更有深度与创新性的教案, 这样才能形成自己独特的风格, 让学生在接受自己的同时更好地学习英语知识。

(三) 教案要体现教学过程中的反思

教师只有不断地反思自己的教学过程, 才能不断地提高自身的教学能力, 因此, 教师应在每节课或者每学期结束后, 根据自身的教学实践活动, 对自己的教学方法进行有意识、有目的的回顾、分析与反思, 不断地积累经验, 总结教训。而课后在教案的相应位置, 记录反思札记就是最简单易行的反思方式。同时, 将原有的教案做进一步的充实和修改, 对以后的教学工作也是有所帮助的。

总结:

高中英语语法系列导学——冠词 篇3

冠词是放在名词前面,帮助说明名词含义的虚词。汉语译作“冠词”非常形象:冠词之于名词犹如冠之于禽。冠词是英语词性中最小的一类,只有三个,分成不定冠词(a; an)和定冠词(the)两种。

一、定冠词的用法

二、不定冠词的用法

三、零冠词的用法

【灵活运用】

一、单句填空按照下面句子结构的语法性, 在空格处填入a、an或/。

1. The Wilsons live in ______ A-shaped house near the coast. It is ______ 17th century cottage.

2. For a long time they walked without saying ______ word. Jim was the first to break ______ silence.

3. When he left ______ college,he got a job as ______ reporter in a newspaper office.

4. When you come here for your holiday next time, dont go to ______ hotel; I can find you ______ bed in my flat.

5. —Hey, Mr. Smith, you are wanted on ______ phone?

—Who is calling?

—______ Mr. Green. I dont know who he is.

6. —Will you be on ______ holiday soon?

—Well, Im too busy to take ______ holiday now. ______ manager has me work day and night. Ill be able to take one two months from now.

7. —What about ______ speech?

—It was too tiring, you know, ______ speech for me.

8. It is said that dictionaries on ______ popular science are in ______ short supply.

9. —This is ______ film Ive told you about several times.

—Its great. Ive never seen ______ more moving one.

10. Beyond ______ stars, the astronaut saw nothing but ______ space.

二、句子运用将下列句子翻译成英语,注意冠词的用法。

1. 电话是Alexander Grander Bell于1876年发明的。

2. 伦敦是英国的首都。

3. 英国人见面经常谈论天气。

4. 辛勤工作一周之后去看电影是很大的乐趣。

5. 众所周知,老虎正处于灭绝的危险之中。

6. 爱丽丝爱好弹钢琴,而亨利对听音乐感兴趣。

7. 长江是中国最长的河流。

8. 他于1995年春天参军。

9. 那位白发女士在会上讲英语。

10. 昨天他们选Tom为他们班的班长。

三、篇章运用阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入a、an或 /。

It is___1___New Years Eve. As___2___hands of___3 ___clock move towards___4 ___midnight___5___old year is slowly dying; in___6___few minutes ___7___New Year will be born. It is___8___ time for looking back, or else looking forward. We look back over all that has happened during___9___past year, to ourselves, to our country and to ___10___ world. We look forward with ___11___hope to___12___New Year that is just beginning, hoping that it will bring ___13___ health and happiness to those we love, and ___14___ peace to all___15___mankind.

In___16 ___ Scotland___17___last day of___18___year is___19___ most important holiday of___20___winter, more important even than ___21___ Christmas. On___22___New Years Eve ___23___friends and neighbours go about from house to house drinking to ___24___ health of each other and wishing each other___25___ good luck. On___26___New Years Day all ___27___ shops and___28___ factories are closed and no work is done. Families meet together for___29 ___ big meal and___30 ___family party.

In___31___ England New Years Day is not___32___holiday. But on New Years Eve___33___ most people sit up till after___34___ midnight to see___35___New Year in or else they go to ___36 ___parties and dances. Most of ___37___ big London hotels have___38___New Years Eve dance. Thousands of people come to___39___Trafalgar Square to listen to___40___unique sound of___41___Big Bens famous chimes(钟声). The big event for New Years Eve 2009 is ___42___a free fireworks display at___43___ London Eye on ___44___South Bank, the light of which makes it seem like___45___daylight.

参考答案

一、单句填空

1. an; a。两空均表示某类事物中的一个,用不定冠词。因A-shaped是元音开头,第一空填“an”;seventeenth是辅音开头,第二空填“a”。

2. a; the。word作话语讲时是可数名词,without saying a word表示“一句话也没有说”;silence特指,用定冠词。

3. /; a。leave college为固定用法,意思是“毕业”;reporter是表示职业身份的可数名词,第一次提到,用不定冠词a表示“一个”。

4. the; a。前者特指这次住的旅馆,用定冠词;后者泛指某类事物中的一个,用不定冠词。句意:下次别再去那旅馆住了,我可以给你找一张床。

5. the; A。“sb. is wanted on the phone”意为“某人在电话里被叫”;“a Mr. Green”指某个格林先生,不确定究竟是哪一位。

6. /; a; The。be on holiday是固定词组,意为“在休假”;the manager则特指“我的经理”。

7. the; a。根据It was too tiring 可推断第一个speech是双方都明白的,用定冠词。后面的speech则指具体的一次讲演。

8. /; /。popular science是一门学科,无须冠词;in short supply是固定配搭。

9. the; a。film后面的定语从句限制了这是一部特指的电影,而后面的a more moving one则指的是“更令人感动的一部电影”,是泛指。

10. the; /。指天空中的物体名词前用定冠词,但本句中space指“整个空间”,不加冠词。

二、句子翻译

1. The telephone was invented by Alexander Grander Bell in 1876.

2. London is the capital of England.

3. British people often talk about the weather to each other.

4. It is a great pleasure to go to the cinema after a weeks hard work.

5. As is known to all, the tiger is in danger of dying out.

6. Alice is fond of playing the piano while Henry is interested in listening to music.

7. The Changjiang River is the longest river in China.

8. He joined the army in the spring of 1995.

9. The old lady with white hair spoke English well at the meeting.

10. Yesterday they chose Tom monitor of their class.

三、篇章运用

1. /2. the3. the4. /5. the6. a7. the8. the9.日the10. the11. / 12. the13. / 14. /15. /16. /17. the18. the19. the20. / 21. / 22. / 23. /24. the25. /26. /27. / 28. /29. a30. a31. / 32. a33. /34. /35. the36. / 37. the38. a39. the40. the 41. / 42.43. the44. the45. /

初中英语语法冠词教案 篇4

4.不用冠词的场合

少数名词前不使用冠词，主要是以下几种情况：

4.1人名、地名、国家名等专有名词前面一般不用冠词

Tom invited Jane to visit China.

汤姆邀请珍妮参观中国。

She traveled a long distance from Europe to Asia.

她从欧洲到亚洲施行了很远的路程。

4.2泛指的抽象名词、物质名词前不用冠词

Fresh air is good for health.

新鲜空气对健康有益。

Everyone needs to drink water every day.

每个人每天都需要喝水。

Now we are in an era of information.

现在我们已经处在住处时代了。

Everybody loves beauty.

人人爱美。

4.3泛指的复数名词前不用冠词

We should protect trees.

我们应该保护树木。

Pretty girls like to take pictures.

漂亮的女孩喜欢拍照。

Parents should not beat their kids.

家长不应该打小孩。

I love apples best.

我最喜欢苹果。

4.4名词前有下列单词作定语时，不能用冠词，因为这些词已经具有了冠词的含义或者作用

指示代词：this, these, that, those

物主代词：my, your, our, his, her,their, its

不定冠词：no, some, any, much,every等

I have my choice.

我有我的选择。

This book was expensive.

这本书那时很贵。

May I use your computer?

我可以用你的电脑吗?

The school offered every student a birthday cake.

学校送给每个学生一块生日蛋糕。

4.5大多数时间名词前不用冠词

Yesterday was Saturday.

昨天是星期六。

So today is Sunday.

那么今天是星期日。

Jane will be back in April.

珍妮四月份回来。

Shall I call you back next week?

英语冠词语法的知识点 篇5

1.在专有名词和不可数名词前。

Class two二班，Tian’an men square天安门广场，water水

2.可数名词前已有作定语的物主代词(my，your，his，her等)、指示代词(this/these，that/those)、不定代词(some，any等)及所有格限制时。

my book(正)；my the book(误)

3.复数名词表示一类人或事物时。

They are teachers.他们是老师。

Tigers like meat.老虎喜欢吃肉

4.在星期，月份，季节，节日前。

on sunday在周日，in march在三月，in spring在春天，on women’s day在妇女节

(特例：如果月份，季节等被一个限定性定语修饰时，则要加定冠词：he joined the army in the spring of 1982.他在1982年春季参军。)

5.在称呼语或表示头衔的名词前。

Tom汤姆，mum妈妈

6.在学科名称、三餐饭和球类运动名称前。

I have lunch at school every day.

特例：当football，basketball指具体的某个球时，其前可以用冠词：i can see a football.我可以看到一只足球。where’s the football？那只足球在哪儿？(指足球，并非“球类运动”)

7.在表特定的公园，街道，车站，桥，学校等之前。

No.25 middle school

8.某些固定词组中不用冠词。

(1)与by连用的交通工具名称前：by bus乘公共汽车；by car乘汽车；by bike骑/坐自行车；by train乘火车；by air/plane乘飞机；by sea/ship乘船，但take a bus，in a boat，on the bike前需用冠词

(2)名词词组：day and night日日夜夜；brother and sister兄弟姐妹;hour after hour时时刻刻；here and there到处

(3)介词词组：at home在家；in surprise惊奇地；at noon在中午;on foot步行；at night在晚上；on duty值日；at work在工作；on time准时；for example例如；in class在上课；on show展览；in bed在床上

初中英语语法冠词教案 篇6

在特定情景中，当对话双方都清楚名词所指的对象，名词前必须用定冠词。

比如：

—Where’s the bat, Tommy?

汤米，拍子在哪里?

—It’s over there, on the chair.

那儿，在椅子上。

Don’t throw the paper on the ground. Put it in the little bin.

把纸扔在地上。放进废物箱里。

I want a shopping bag. Take the green one. It is very nice.

我要个购物袋。拿那个绿的，很不错。

前指

通常在说话中初次提到的人或者物的名语前用不定冠词，但以后再次提到时已明确所指的对象，具有特指意义，所以名词前面必须用定冠词。

比如：

Here is a photo of a house. My family live in the house. The house was bought by my grandfather thirty years ago.

这是一幢房子的照片。我家居住在这幢房子里。这幢房子是我祖父三十年前买下的。

浅析初中英语语法教学 篇7

关键词：初中英语,语法教学,效率

由于初中英语教师受到传统英语教学模式的束缚, 其在语法教学过程中过于注重语法理论的传授, 不仅导致学生们的语法学习吸收效果较差, 还使得学生们缺乏语法实践运用意识, 变通能力极差。在教师机械化语法教学模式影响下, 学生们的语法学习过程以模仿、机械记忆为主, 被动性明显。因此, 笔者将结合自身初中英语语法教学改革创新经验, 谈谈如何结合学生新时期学习思维发展变化来采取有效教学策略, 切实提高语法教学质量。

一、创设语法情境, 增进语法迁移

初中英语语法是英语语言文学的理论形式展现, 对于英语而言其具有丰富的语言环境, 因此初中英语教师要想让学生们能够灵活掌握语法内容, 就必须积极探索教学策略, 在课堂上有效创设语法教学情境, 推动学生融入真实化语法氛围中。教师们可以在课堂上运用英语语言或者英语图画、视频等等给学生们描述出一种特定的教学环境, 期间要将每一节课堂的语法重点包含在内, 确保每一类型语法能够在情境中灵活展现出来。当然, 教师们还可以在课堂上组织学生们就语法教学内容进行问答互动, 以英语图画、视频为基础进行课堂延伸, 进一步加深语法知识印象。比如, 在初中英语教材七年级上册Unit 6“动词Like的用法和一般现在时的用法”的教学过程中, 我就本节课堂的语法教学重点让学生们进行了情境交流, 以此促进“like”用法在学生生活中的运用。例如A:Do you like red skirt?B:No, Idon’t like red color.A:What colour do you like best?B:Ilike blue.通过此种情境交流的组织和创建, 学生们不仅能够将动词like和一般现在时的语法相结合运用, 加深对课堂语法知识的理解, 还能够促进其口语能力的提高, 以免学生们成为“哑巴英语”模式的受害者。

二、开展语法体验活动

在传统初中英语教学模式中, 教师们往往将书本上的语法知识一一填塞给学生们, 让学生们强行记忆, 导致学生们长期处于被动学习氛围中, 语法学习效率较低。因此, 初中英语教师必须以素质教育理念为核心, 在初中英语教学过程中积极开展语法体验活动, 让学生们能够在多元化课堂活动中体验到语法知识的运用, 逐渐让学生们体会到成功运用语法完善交流的学习自信心。体验活动形式一定要多彩、互动性强, 必须要能够切合学生们的学习心理, 如一些野外聚餐、主题活动日等等, 将英语语法知识与学生们的生活紧密联系在一起, 避免学生们在学习语法的过程中感觉到疲惫、枯燥和乏味, 使其在活动积极性的引导下提高语法学习兴趣。比如, 在初中英语教材七年级上册Unit 10“情态动词can的用法”的教学过程中, 我为了能够让学生们从书本语法理论中跳跃出来, 培养他们的语法运用意识, 在课外积极组织了野外聚餐活动, 在活动过程中鼓励学生们运用情态动词“can”的运用, 加深其对语法知识的理解, 并提高其语法实践能力。学生们在野外聚餐时不时会产生如下形式的对话:“A:can you go to the tent for bring me a knife?B:Yes, I can, but I can’t give you more.”在这些对话氛围中, 学生们能就野餐主题积极展开交流, 不仅为情态动词的使用提供了真实语境, 学生们的实际交流能力也切实得到了提高。

三、整体语法教学, 提升整体语法运用能力

众所周知, 在传统初中英语语法教学过程中, 教师们由于教学创新意识浅薄, 且在课堂上常常对成绩稍差的学生持有他见, 逐渐导致班级学生的英语语法能力出现分层现象, 两级分化现象明显, 因此初中英语教师必须践行整体语法教学, 提升整体学生的语法运用能力。比如, 在初中英语教材七年级下册Unit 10一般过去时的使用方法的教学过程中, 首先, 我要从班级整体学生的学习体验角度出发, 在课堂开始时给学生们播放一段与一般过去时语法内容相关的对话小视频, 让整体学生对英语语法课堂提起学习兴趣, 活跃课堂氛围。其次, 为了既能够让成绩好的学生优化学习效果, 又能够让成绩稍差的学生进一步提高语法学习效率, 教师可以将枯燥的语法知识编成朗朗上口的记忆简条, 降低所有学生的记忆难度。同时, 我还为了让所有学生能够提高一般过去时语法的区分使用能力, 我将班级中的学生进行合理分配, 组成对话小组, 设定以上周周末生活为主题的对话交流, 不仅能够让语法好的学生带领语法差的学生进步, 还能够促进本单元语法本质理论的深化和突破。

在传统初中英语教学理念影响下, 教师们的语法教学思路较为闭塞, 不能够在教学课堂上灵活变通。要想切实提高学生们对英语语法的掌握、运用能力, 英语教师必须从教学模式、教学方案、学生学习思维发展状态三方面全面突破、创新, 切实提高学生们的英语语法学习积极性, 使其能够提高英语语法接受能力与学习效率, 推动整体英语语法教学质量的提高与发展。

参考文献

[1]邱秀玲.初中新课程英语语法教学初探[J].中小学电教 (下半月) , 2008 (01) .

初中英语冠词用法 篇8

1.专有名词人名，地名，节日，月份，年份，星期和不可数名词(一般指物质名词和抽象名词)前一般不用冠词。如：

China, Beihai Park

2.名词前面已有用作定语的 this, that, my, your, some, any , no等代词作定语时，不用冠词。如：

The letter is from my father.

I have a book in my hand.

3.在复数名词表示一类人或事物时，如：

Horses are useful animals.

I like cakes.

4.在节日名称，(称呼语和表示官衔的名词前)星期、月份、季节前。如：

Today is Sunday.

Spring is the best season in the year.

Children’s Day

5.表示某一类人或事物的复数名词前。

6.球类，棋类，语言，三餐，游戏名称和颜色前不加冠词。如:

I like to play basketball.

We have lunch at school.

7.在表示家庭成员名称，称呼语，表示头衔或职务的名词前不加冠词。

8. 在某些固定搭配和习惯用语中，如：

go to school , be in hospital, be in prison

注意下列词组的区别， in fort of与in the front of, in hospital与in the hospital, at table与at the table, go to school与go to the school, a number of children=many children, The number of children =孩子的数量

复习时需要注意的要点

(1)在school, college, university, hospital, prison, church, class, table, bed等表示机构名称、组织名称和家具的名词前，用定冠词和用不定冠词意义有差异。用定冠词强调处所，而不用定冠词意义有所引申。比较：

at table 就餐

at the table 坐在桌边

go to school 去上学

go to the school 去这个学校

in hospital 住院

in the hospital 在这家医院

go to prison (违法而)进监狱

go to the prison 到监狱

go to church 做礼拜

go to the church 到教堂

in class 在课堂上

in the class 在班级里

(2)在某些词前用不同冠词(定冠词、不定冠词和零冠词)，意义大不相同，例如：

a little/few 有一点

little/few 几乎没有

a number of 许多

the number of ……的数目

in front of 在……前面

in the front of 在……前部

take place 发生

take the place of 代替

out of the question 根本不可能

out of question 没有问题

the most beautiful 最漂亮

most beautiful 非常漂亮

for a moment 片刻

for the moment 暂时

实战演练

一、例题选讲

例1 There is “h” in word “photo”.

A. a，a B. an，the

C. the，an D. an，an

答案： B

提示： h虽然是辅音字母，但发的音是元音音素开头的，因此要用an，而word 是特指，所以后面要用the。

例2 She is honest girl.

A. an B. a

C. / D. the

答案： A

提示： “honest”中h是不发音的，因此这个单词是元音音素开头的。

例3 He goes to school after breakfast.

A. / B. the

C. an D. a

答案： A

提示： 在表示三顿饭前不用定冠词。

例4 Browns are going to visit Yangtse River. It is longest river in China and third longest river in world

A. The…the…the…the…the…the B. The…the…the…/…the…the

C. /…the…the…the…/…the D. The…/…the…the…the…the

答案： B

提示： the+姓氏的复数形式表示一家人，在江河、海洋、山脉、湖泊、群岛的名称的前面要用定冠词the，而形容词最高级前面通常要加定冠词the，the+序数词+最高级表示第几，而in the world表示在世界上。

冠词专题练习

一、选择填空

1. She is ____ girl. She is ____ English girl.

A. a, a B. an, a C. a, an D. a, /

2. Tom is ____ English. He is ____ English boy.

A. an, an B. / , an C. / , / D. a, a

3. ____ live in Room 208.

A. The Green B. Green C. The Greens D. Greens

4. January is ____ first month of the year.

A. a B. / C. an D. the

5. We should think of ____ old and ____ sick.

A. a, a B. an, a C. the, the D. /, /

6. ____ number of the students in our class is 52.

A. A B. An C. The D. /

7. She can play ____ piano, but she can’t play ____ football.

A. the, the B. the, / C. /, the D. a, a

8, There is ____ “s” in the word “six” and ____ “s” is the first letter of the word.

A. a, the B. a, an C. an, the D. a, a

9. A horse is ____ useful animal.

A. an B. a C. the D. this

10. He has already worked for ____ hour.

A. an B. a C. the D. three

11. Lucy wants to become ____.

A. some teacher B. a teacher C. teacher D. teachers

12. Hainan is ____ island, isn’t it?

A. the B. one C. a D. an

13. What do you usually do after ____?

A. the class B. class C. the classes D. a class

14. I’ll have to buy ____ trousers.

A. a B. two C. a pair of D. pair

15. I’ve thrown my old shoes away. I’ll have to buy ____.

A. a new pair B. a new one C. some new D. some new pair

16. My uncle told me he was going to visit ____.

A. the United State B. The United States C. United States D. United State

17. They failed six times, but they have decided to try____.

A. seven times B. the seven time C. the seventh time D. seventh time

18. Who are those boys? One is my brother and ____.

A. the big boy is Mike B. a big is Mike

C. the big boy is a Peter D. a big boy is a Peter

19. You will find ____ girl in black. She is ____ teacher.

A. a, the B. the, a C. a, a D. the, the

20. ____ birds can fly very high in ____ sky.

A. The, the B. The, a C. An, the D. A, the

21. I’m not looking at ____

A. sun B. sky C. the sun D. some sky

22. The little boy wishes to be ____

A. Lei Feng B. the Lei Feng C. this Lei Feng D. a Lei Feng

23. ____ have studied English in our school.

A. Most of students B. The most students

C. Most of the students D. Most students

24. Tom’s brother hit Bob on ____ nose.

A. his B. the C. its D. a

25. We are going to have an exam ____.

A. in the class B. in a class C. at the class D. in class

26. We have had ____.

A. good dinner B. a good dinner C. the good dinner D. good dinners

27. ____ fine weather we have today! Let’s go swimming.

A. What a B. How C. What D. How a

28. There’s ____ apple tree behind ____ house.

A. an, the B. a, a C. an, a D. the, the

29. We can see the sun in ____ daytime, but we can’t see it at ____ night.

A. a, the B. the, / C. a, / D. an, /

30. I saw ____ old man walking across the street and ___ old man looked worried.

A. an, an B. the, the C. an, the D. the, an

31. What ____ it is!

A. a heavy rain B. heavy rain C. a heavy rains D. heavy rains

32. ____ time we had at the party!

A. What wonderful B. What a wonderful

C. How wonderful D. How a wonderful

33. ____ tallest building in the town is ____ Bank of China.

A. The, the B. A, a C. The, a D. A, the

34. Little Tom looked at the big shark ____.

A. in the surprise B. in surprised C. in surprise D. at a surprise

35. ____ more carefully you ride, ____ fewer falls you’ll get.

A. The, the B. A, the C. The, a D. A, a

36. He has made____ decision that he will be ____ inventor some time.

A. a, the B. a, an C. the, an D. the, the

37. – We haven’t seen for ____ long time. Where have you been?

- I have been for ____ holiday with my parents.

- Have ____ nice time!

- Thank you.

A. a, the, a B. the, a, a C. a, a, a D. a, the, the

38. – Excuse me, can you tell me way to ____ Xinhua Bookstore?

- Go along this road, and then turn to ____ right at ____ first crossing, at ____ end of the street, you can find it.

A. the, a, the, the, the B. a, the, the, a, the

C. the, the, the, a, the D. the, the, the, the, the

39. Why nor take ____ friend with you? That’s ____ good idea.

A. a, the B. the, the C. a, a D. the, a

40. Take the medicine three times ____ day.

A. a B. the C. an D. /

41. English is ____ language. It is ____ important tool.

A. a, a B. a, an C. the, an D. a, /

42. Meimei has ____ high fever and his mother is looking after her.

A. a B. the C. an D. /

43. Lucy takes ____ walk after supper every day.

A. the B. a C. / D. an

44.Paper is made of ____ wood.

A. a B. the C. / D. that

45. ____ February is the second month of the year.

A. The B. A C. / D. an

46. We have no classes on ____ Sundays.

A. the B. a C. an D. /

47. I studied ____ English in ____ England.

A. /, / B. an, the C. an, an D. /, the

48. We go to school by ____ bus.

A. / B. a C. the D. an

49. These boys play ____ football after class.

A. a B. the C. an D. /

50. There is ____ bridge over the river, ____ bridge is made of stone.

A. a, a B. a, the C. the, the D. the, a

51. Sunday is ____ first day of the week.

A. the B. / C. a D. an

52. ____ Greens were having breakfast at seven this morning.

A. A B. An C. / D. The

53. She is one of ____ most popular teachers in this school. Every student loves her.

A. a B. the C. an D. /

54. There is ____ 800-metre-ong bridge over the river.

A. a B. an C. the D. /

55. ____ number of the students are playing ____ basketball on the playground.

A. A, a B. The, the C. The, a D. A, /

56. They often take a walk in ___ Bei Hai Park.

A. the B. a C. / D. this

57. The old man was ill in ____ hospital.

A. the B. / C. a D. an

58. There is no ____ book on the desk.

A. the B. a C. an D. /

59. Beijing is ____ capita of ____ People’s Republic of ____China.

A. a, the, the B. the, the, / C. the, the, the D. the, a, the

60. He started ____ school when he was seven.

A. the B. a C. an D./

61. He has ____ great deal of interest in ____ English.

A. a, an B. the, the C. a, / D. a, the

62. He is ____ cleverest boy in our school.

A. a B. an C. the D. /

63. She often spends much ____ time reading.

A. a B. an C. the D. /

64. Boys likes to go ____ boating.

A. a B. an C. / D. the

65.-Where’s nearest bookstore?-There’s one at end of the street.

A.the…an B.a…the C.the…the D.a…an

66. -What do you think of film “National Treasure”?

-It’s wonderful film, I think.

A.a…a B.a…the C.the…the D.The…a

67. S.H.E is going to sing at CCTV annual Spring Festival Evening Party

A.a B.an C.the D./

68. There is “h” in the word “photo”.

A.a B.an C.the D./

69.Please pay attention to your spelling. You’ve dropped “m” here.

A.the B.an C.a D./

二、用适当的冠词填空

1. Thomas Edison was one of ____ greatest inventors on ____ world.

2. Man is ____ only animal that can talk.

3. Is this house ____ older of the two?

4. ____ earth moves around ____ sun.

5. I live in ____ northeast of China.

6. There are sixty minutes in ____ hour.

7. ____ honest boy is Jim, ____ friend of mine.

8. Children usually go to ____ school at ____ age of seven.

9. Here is ____ useful book to read.

10. Would you like ____ rice or ____ bread for your breakfast?

11. ____ poor are always happier than ____ rich.

12. He took me by ____ hand.

13. They have ____ son and ____ daughter. ____ son is a doctor and ____ daughter is a teacher.

14. ____ orange is orange.

15. He watched the student from ____ head to ____ foot.

16. What ____ interesting book it is!

17. ____ clouds over ____ sea were lovely yesterday.

18. There is ____ little milk in the fridge, I’ll go and buy some.

参考答案：

一、1C 2B 3C 4D 5C 6C 7B 8C 9B 10A 11B 12D 13B14C15A 16B 17C 18A 19B 20A 21C 22D 23C 24B 25D 26B 27C 28A 29B 30C 31A 32 B 33A 34C 35A 36B 37C 38D 39C 40A 41B 42A 43B 44C 45C 46D 47A 48A 49D 50B 51A 52D 53B 54B 55D 56C 57B 58D 59B 60D 61C 62C 63D 64C 65.C 66.D 67.D 68.B 69.B

二、1.the,the 2.the 3.the 4.The, the 5.the 6. an 7. The, a 8. /, the 9. a