高考英语作文写作指导

高考英语作文写作指导（精选8篇）

高考英语作文写作指导 篇1

高考英语作文写作指导

英文作文开头句型6大写法

1)对立法：先引出其他人的不同看法,然后提出自己的看法或者偏向于某一看法,适用于有争议性的主题.

[1] When asked about..., the vast/overwhelming majority of people say that …. But I think/view a bit differently.

[2] When it comes to ...., some people believe that…. Others argue/claim that the opposite/reverse is true. There is probably some truth in both arguments/statements, but I tend to the former/latter.

[3] Now, it is commonly/generally/widely believed/held/acknowledged that..... They claim/ believe/argue that ... But I wonder/doubt whether.....

2)现象法：引出要剖析的现象或者问题,然后评论.

[1] Recently the rise in the problem/phenomenon of ... has cause/aroused public/popular/wide/ worldwide concern.

[2] Recently the issue of the problem/phenomenon of ...has been brought into focus/into public attention.

[3] Inflation/Corruption/Social inequality ... is yet another of the new and bitter truth we have to learn to face now/constantly.

3)观点法：开门见山,直接了当地提出自己对要讨论的问题的看法.

[1] Now people in growing/significant numbers are beginning/coming to realize/accept/(be aware) that...

[2] Now there is a(n) growing awareness/recognition of the necessity to....

[3] Now people become increasingly aware/conscious of the importance of ....

[4] Perhaps it is time to have a fresh look at the attitude/idea that....

4)引用法：先引出名人名言或者有代表性的看法,来引出文章要展开论述的观点!

[1] ”Knowledge is power.“ This is the remark made by Bacon. This remark has been shared by more and more people.

[2] ”Education is not complete with graduation.“ This is the opinion of a great American philosopher. Now more and more people share his opinion.

[3] ”....“ We often hear statements/words like those/this.

[4] We often hear such traditional complains as this ”....“.

5)比较法：通过对过去、现在两种不同的倾向、观点的比较,引出文章要讨论的观点.

[1] For years, ...had been viewed as .... But people are taking a fresh look now. With the growing ..., people ....

[2] People used to think that ... (In the past, ....) But people now share this new idea.

6)故事法：先讲一个较短的故事来引发读者的兴趣,引出文章的主题.少用!

[1] Once in (a newspaper), I read of/learnt..... The phenomenon of ... has aroused public concern.

[2] I have a friend who ... Should he ....? Such a dilemma we are often confronted with in our daily life.

[3]Once upon a time, there lived a man who .... This story may be (unbelievable), but it still has a realistic significance now.

一般来讲考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚，条理自然。破解方法很简单，只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。

1)first,second,third……首先，第二，第三…..

2)firstly,secondly,thirdly,finally首先，第二，第三，最后

3)to begin wITh,then,further more,finally首先，然后，其次，最后

4)tostartwith,next,inaddition,finally首先，然后，其次，最后

5)firs to fall,besides,last but not least首先，其次，最后

6)most important of all,more over,finally最重要的，其次，最后

7)on the one hand,on the other hand(适用于两点的情况)一方面，另一方面

8)for one thing,for an other(适用于两点的情况)一方面，另一方面

短语优先原则

写作时，尤其是在考试时，如果使用短语，有两个好处：

其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点，如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,必然会看你低一等。相反，如果发现亮点—精彩的短语，那么你的文章定会得高分了。

其二、凑字数，用短语是一个办法!

比如：I can not bear it.我无法忍受它了。可以用短语表达：Ican not put up with it.我无法忍受它了。I want it.我想要它。

可以用短语表达：I am looking forward to it.我想要它。

It’s important.这个很重要。

可以用短语表达:It’s of great importance.这个很重要。

过渡语原则

并列用语：

aswellas也

not only…but (also)不仅……还

including,包括

对比用语：

on one hand一方面

on the other hand另一方面

on the contrary相反的

though尽管

for one thing一方面

for another另一方面

never theles然而

在英语书面表达时，每次写作前问自己四个问题：这篇文章的体裁格式是怎样的?主体时态用什么时态?人称用第几人称?可以分几段，之间用什么过渡词、连接词?带着这四个问题去审题，搞清楚文章的主要内容，然后列出提纲。最后利用自己有把握的英语句子丰富自己的提纲就可以了。

(1)条理性。指的是合理布局文章结构。首先，在文章思路、组织材料、叙述顺序等方面要有一定的条理性。其次，根据需要，安排好段落，各段之间要层次分明，也要重视每一段的开头和结尾，开头语往往是总起句，结尾语往往是总结句。

(2)准确性。指要求写出语法正确的句子，包括时态、语态、用词和句法等，要准确、地道地表达。必须要牢牢掌握一些常用句型或习惯表达，避免中式英语，在实践中不断总结中英用法的差异，养成用英语思维写作的习惯。高考英语作文素材。

(3)流畅性。指根据整篇文章思想的需要，有效采用不同的连接手段，清晰段落，使文章层次清楚、行文连贯。

(4)简洁多样性。简洁性就是语言简洁，不重复。多样性就是能随情景内容的变化写出句式多样的语句。这也是新课程标准对写作的`评价标准。

(5)思想性。新标准对写作的要求，增加了情感因素，在准确流畅表达写作要点的同时，适当增加句子的感情色彩，增加一些人情味，使文章读起来更亲切，完全达到与读者进行交流的目的。

(6)美观性。指的是卷面书写规范、清楚、干净、整洁。在高考书面表达中，书面整洁是也是一个主观评分标准，所以在高考中保持书面整洁是必要的。

总结：那么在高考作文中，除了自己的一些英语知识的巩固还需要的是自己的情绪和思维。写作期间保持稳定的情绪，按照自己的思维完成写作，从总结文章中—布置文章结构—使用表达的语句—下笔连贯。最后当然是要检查是否出现拼错字，句子语法有误等。

高考英语作文写作指导 篇2

一、认真审题, 拟定提纲, 写出各段主题句, 丰富文章内容及设亮点。

1.认真审题。拿到题目后, 首先要认真审题, 看题目的要求是什么, 要点是什么, 以及特殊要求是什么。确定文章的时态及文体, 是议论文还是记叙文? 对分几段写有无要求? 认真审清题目的文字或图片, 构思提纲, 切忌偏题、离题, 东拉西扯, 一定要避免条理不清、重点不突出的失误。把握全部要点, 理清脉络, 既不能无中生有, 又不要漏掉要点。为了避免写作时遗漏要点, 最好用笔把信息划下来, 以免出错。根据汉语提示简化文章要点, 将要点短语化、短语句子化。

2.列出文章框架, 写下提纲。对一篇书面表达来说, 理清文章结构和框架, 写出各段主题句是很重要的。一定要先确定文章的结构, 注意合理布局, 即整篇文章分几段, 每段写什么, 涵盖哪些知识点。一般分为引导段、主题段和结尾段, 每段的主题句非常重要, 是段落内容的高度概括。段落主题句通常是一个语法结构完整、内容概括、用词简洁明了的单句。将段落主题置于段落的开头, 可使文章结构更清晰, 让读者对文章内容一目了然, 再根据需要将句子归为各段。

3.连句成篇。遣词造句时, 要注意语法正确、选词恰当、长短句结合;组句成篇时, 要注意巧妙过渡、行文流畅、衔接连贯, 恰当地使用连接词。部分学生在行文过程中, 喜欢将句子任意堆砌, 这主要是因为他们不会灵活运用衔接词。

4.认真修改。写完后要快速阅读一遍文章 , 检查单词拼写、语法和标点是否正确。没有把握的词和句子一定不能用, 不要把不会的词空一格出来。此外, 一定要保持卷面整齐美观, 高考“书面表达”的质量, 既反映在表达内容上, 又反映在书形式上。

二、必须掌握一定的写作技巧。

在用词方面, 考生应尽量学会地道的英语表达, 适度运用一些高级词汇, 并运用一些较复杂的语法结构, 如各种从句、强调句、倒装句、非谓语动词等。全文句式要富于变化, 长短句结合。注意文章的连贯性, 准确使用承上启下的过渡词, 使全文结构紧凑。

表示顺序的:first, second, third, then, finally, to begin with, first of all, in the first place, last, next, above all, last but not theleast, first and most important等;

表示时间的:in the past, now, at present, in the future, eventually, meanwhile, from now on, at the same time, for the time being, in the end, immediately, in the meantime, in the meanwhile, recently, soon, now and then, lately, as soon as, afterwards, now, after a while等;

表示转折的:however, while, onthecontrary, atthesametime, instead of, but, yet, on the other hand, unfortunately等;

表示递进的:besides, what’s more, furthermore, moreover, in addition, furthermore, moreover, as well as等;

表示并列时的:and, as well as, also, both ... and, neither ...Nor, either ... or等;

表示原因的:as a result, owing to, due to, because of, therefore, thanks to, because, as, since, for等;

表示让步的:although, after all, in spite of, despite, even if, even though, though等;

表示举例的:for example, for instance, such as, take ... forexample等;

表示结果的:asaresult, thus, hence, so, therefore, consequently, as a consequence等;

表示归纳总结的:finally, in a word, in the end, in conclusion, in short, in general, to sum up, to conclude等;

表示对比的:on one hand, on the other hand, while等;

表示解释的:in other words, in fact, as a matter of fact, thatis, namely等;

表示程度的:first of all, above all, again and again等。

三、几种常见的英语句式结构。

1.主语+不及物动词, 如:He arrived at six last night.

2.主语+及物动词+宾语 , 如 :I bought a good English Chinese Dictionary yesterday.

3.主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语, 如:Please tell mea story now.

4.主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语, 如:I found it impossible to work with him.

5.主语+系动词+表语, 如:He is a Chinese boy.The grass turnsgreen in spring.

另外, There be ...句型, 表示存在某种事物, 如:There is apicture on the wall.

四、写文章时常用句子。

1.引出话题。 Recently, the problem of ... has aroused people’s concern.最近, ……问题已引起人们的关注。

It is commonly believed that ...人们一般认为……

With the development of science and technology, more andmore people believe that ... 随着科技的发展, 越来越多的人认为……

2.引出不同观点。People’s views on ... vary from person toperson. Some hold that ... However, others believe that ...人们……的观点因人而异.有些人认为……然而其他人却认为……

People may have different opinions about ...人们对……可能会有不同的见解。

Different people hold different attitudes toward sth.不同的人态度各不相同。

3.论证的句子。From my point of view, I can’t agree with theidea that ...在我看来, 我无法完全同意这一观点……

In my opinion, it is adj. to do ... than to do ... 在我个人看来, 做……比做……更……

4.解决办法。 There are some suggestions for solving ...这 是如何处理某事的一些建议

The best way to solve the troubles is ...解决这些事的最好办法是……

5.批判错误观点。

As far as sth.is concerned ...就某事而言……

It was obvious that ...很显然……

There is no evidence to suggest that ...没有证据表明……

6.给出原因。 There are three reasons for this./The reasons forthis are as follows.

Why did ...? For one thing ..., for another ...为什么会……?一个原因是……

另一个原因是……

I quite agree with it that ... The reasons are as follows.我十分赞同……其原因如下:

7.表示优缺点。There are some advantages/disadvantages.

It is beneficial to us./It is of great benefit to us./It does us a lotof good.

It has more disadvantages than advantages.

It will do much harm to us./ It is harmful to us.

8.表示重要、必要。It is important (necessary, difficult, possible) for sb.to do sth.

Sth.plays an important role in our daily life.

9.表示措施。We should take some effective measures/try ourbest to do sth.

10.表示变化。Some great changes have taken place in the pastfive years in some place.

11.提出建议。It is high time that ...该是我们……的时候了。Only in this way can we ...只有这样, 我们才能……

12.预示后果。No doubt, unless we take some effective measures, it is very likely that ...

毫无疑问, 除非我们采取有效措施, 要不然可能会……

13.结尾。Therefore, we’d better draw the conclusion that ...因此, 我们最好得出这样的结论……

高考英语看图作文写作指导 篇3

高考英语看图作文通常是给出一幅或两幅或多幅图片，要求考生仔细分析图片内容,并通过文字形式将图中所包含的思想内容准确地表达出来。一般来说,所给图片均反映某一社会现象或社会现实。

看图进行书面表达的基本要求是：认真审图、确定主题、提炼要点、展开联想、变点为句、连句成篇。要达到这些要求,我们就必须认真审图,善于利用图中人物间的关系、人物的对话、人物的活动及所处场所、以及图中的文字说明和标识来提炼要点；要有敏锐的观察力,利用图片中的所有信息,揣摩、推测出题者的意图,确定图片所表达的中心思想。

Fame usually comes to those who are thinking something else. (O. W. Holmes )

二、高考英语看图作文的写作技巧

1. 仔细审题：包括文体、人称、时态。理解到位：整体把握整幅图或一组图的连贯性理解及题目要求。

2.归纳要点：保证文章内容的完整。基础到位：用简单句写整幅图或每幅图的主题句。

3.扩展成句：注意英语表达的习惯,根据提纲扩展句子。细节到位：注意整幅图或每幅图的次要内容(时间、地点、方式、原因等)。

4.连句成篇：利用一些表示转折、因果、选择等关系的关联词和过渡句,把句子连接起来。表达到位：按情节发展先后,承上启下整理成文。

5.全面检查：格式、文体、要点、语法、字数等。检查到位：对照整幅图或每幅图,检查全文定稿。

三、例题

下面以2011年江苏省高考英语书面表达为例,谈谈高考英语看图作文的写作方法。

下面这幅照片展现了女儿为回家妈妈拿包的情景。请根据你对这幅照片的理解用英语写一篇短文。



你的短文应包含以下内容：

1.描述照片内容,如情景、人物、动作,等等；

2.结合自身实际,谈谈你的感想；

3.举例说明你能为家长减负做些什么。

注意：

1.可参照图中文字及下面文章开头所给提示,作必要的发挥想象。

2.词数150左右。开头已经写好,不计入总词数。

3.作文中不得提及考生所在学校和本人姓名。

The burden of students has been a hot topic for years,but the load of parents has received little attention,especially from their own children．

【分析】

1.文体的确定

根据题目要求包含的内容,第一条“描述照片内容,如情景、人物、动作,等等”和第三条“举例说明你能为家长减负做些什么”。说明要用记叙文来写,而第二条“结合自身实际,谈谈你的感想”说明要用议论文来写。总的来说这篇短文的体裁是夹叙夹议。

2.人称和时态的确定

根据题目要求包含的内容,第一条“描述照片内容,如情景、人物、动作,等等”应该用第三人称,第二条“结合自身实际,谈谈你的感想”和第三条“举例说明你能为家长减负做些什么”应该用第一人称；无论是“描述照片内容”还是“谈谈你的感想”都要用一般现在时。

3.归纳要点

根据所给图片和题目要求,可归纳要点如下：

(1)The girl remove the bag from her mother’s shoulder．

(2)The mom feels happy and thankful and kneels down．

(3)I think of myself. I am busy studying all day. I don’t pay attention to my mother’s needs and feling．

(4)I should help to share my mother’s daily burden to be a good daugher．

4.扩展成句、连句成篇、全文定稿

The burden of students has been a hot topic for years,but the load of parents has received little attention,especially from their own children．

The picture shows us a touching moment when a little girl comes to greet her working mom. Realizing her mom must be very tired after a day’s work, The girl helps to remove the bag from her shoulder. In response, the mom kneels down to show how happy and thankful she feels．

All this reminds me of my mother who has been doing whatever she could to let me have the best. But totally engaged in my own study, I seldom pay attention to what my mother needs and feels, and think studying well is the only thing I could do in return. Now I know I can do my bit to help with the everyday washing, bedroom cleaning or at least prepare breakfast myself,so as to share my mother’s daily burden. The picture convinces me it is even more important to be a good daugher than a “good”student．

【提示】

看图作文的“图”不局限于某一类型的图,如漫画、广告,也包括其他图画、照片、图表等情景材料。考生可根据情景图示的寓意、内容或情节线索,自己组织文字、进行描述、叙述、比较或表达思想观点。作文应覆盖提示的要点,但应避免仅根据提示文字作简单翻译。

巩

固

练

习

练习一

下图反映了一社会问题,请你根据对下图的理解用英语写一篇短文,讲述一下你对此现象的看法。



注意：

1.仔细品位漫画中的幽默和无奈,不要做简单描述

2.词数150左右。开头已经写好,不计入总词数。

3.文中不得提到考生所在学校和本人姓名。

People are concerned that we seem to spend more time watching TV than reading books．

    

练习二

下面显示了某校高三学生周末放假的学习生活情况。

Ways to spend the weekend



The jealous are troublesome to others, but a torment to themselves. (W. Penn)

根据上图信息,请以“Ways to spend the weekend”为题,写一篇150词左右的英语短文。要求如下：

1.简要描述图中的信息；

2.说明原因(为了高效学习；锻炼身体；争分夺秒……)；

3.谈谈你的看法。

练习三

仔细观察下面两幅图画，运用合理的想像和推理，用英语写一篇短文，阐明人与环境的关系及其重要性。

注意：

1. 短文应包括两幅图画的内容。

2. 词数100左右。

3. 参考词汇：沙丘 sand dune,进 advance，退 retreat，水土保持 water and soil conservation

      

提示：这是一篇看图作文,作文体裁夹叙夹议,先描写图画内容,人们滥伐森林,造成水土流失,导致沙丘、沙尘暴的产生,人们重新植树,有效抵制沙丘的进攻；再议论图画所暗示的深刻含义,呼吁人们重视生态平衡。

【参考范文】

练习一

People are concerned that we seem to spend more time wat ching TV than reading books. “If reading books is so important, how come you never see people on television doing it？” What can you say if challenged by the little innocent girl in the picture？ Unfortunately the little girl has found out that in modern life TV plays such an important role that we seldom have time for books. More and more “television time” or even “Internet time” is taking the place of “reading time”, which does more harm than good to us.

Reading is more important to everyone, especially us students. Books help us have access to all the great knowledge of mankind. With a good book in our hand, we will not feel lonely, as we can make friends with the various characters in books. Through books, we can also learn about people and places from other parts of the world．

It is my firm belief that reading is one of the greatest pleasures in life and books, rather than the television, will remain our friend．



练习二

Ways to spend the weekend

As can be seen from the chart, senior three students have different ways to spend their weekends. Going back home and having a good rest is what most students would like to do, while 25% students choose to study at school during weekends. The least students, accounting for 15%, take outdoor activities, to spend their weekends．

Various reasons are responsible for their different choices. Those who choose to go back home believe that a good rest does help them relax and work more efficiently during the school time. Outdooractivity lovers hold the opinion that taking exercise is a wonderful way to refresh themselves. However, a small number of students living far away from home tend to study at school to save every minute to study．

Personally, despite the study pressure, senior three year doesn’t necessarily mean studying all the time. Sometimes a good rest and proper exercise can be of vital importance．



练习三

As is shown in the pictures,trees play an important part in water and soil conservation. In the left picture, people are fleeing from sand dunes because they cut down all trees. In the right picture, people have planted many trees and the sand has retreated．

People should realize the important relation between human and nature. If we continue to destroy forests, destroy the balance of nature, the real victims will be us humans．

高考英语话题作文写作指导 篇4

One day, when I go home after class, my mother says she has something to tell me, I am so curious, she says to me that she wants me to learn ballet, I am don’t know what it is and say yes. But when I go to the dance class for a week, I feel down, ballet is so hard for me, my body doesn’t listen to me, I feel I am so stupid. I tell my mother I want to drop out of the dance class, she asks me why, I tell her the reason, she says everything won’t be easy to do, I should keep on, if I give up this time, I will do this next time. So I have to keep on, now, I feel ballet is not that hard, though I am still not dance well , I can keep up with others. I learn that I should not give up so easily.

有一天，当我放学回家的时候，我的妈妈告诉我她有事情要对我说，我很好奇，她说她想要我去学习芭蕾舞，我并不了解芭蕾舞，答应了妈妈。但是当我上了一周舞蹈课以后，我觉得很失落，芭蕾舞对我来说很难，我的身体不听我使唤，我觉得自己很笨。我告诉妈妈我想要退出舞蹈班，她问我为什么，我告诉了她原因，她说一切都不容易去做，我应该要坚持下去，如果我这次放弃了，下次也会放弃。因此我坚持了下来，现在，我觉得芭蕾舞并不是很难，虽然我也跳得不是很好，但是我能跟上其他人。我学会了不轻易放弃。

高考英语写作指导 篇5

要留时间通读全文，修改可能出现的错误。检查上下文是否连贯，句子衔接是否自然流畅。检验的标准主要是句子是否通畅，该用连词的地方用了没有，所用的连词是否合适，是否有语法错误，主谓是否一致，动词的时态、语态、语气的使用是否正确，词组的搭配是否合乎习惯，是否有大小写、拼写、标点错误等，还有就是注意卷面整洁。

可归纳为：中心突出，主题明确;层次清楚，条理清晰; 表达力强，传情达意;语句通顺，句型多变;过渡自然，衔接紧凑;标点正确，大小无误;字迹清楚，卷面整洁。

高考英语写作指导之词汇语法 篇6

(1)表示增加的过渡词：also，and，and then，too，in addition，furthermore，moreover，again，on top ofthat，another，first second third等。

(2)表示时间顺序的过渡词：now，then，before，after，afterwards，earlier，lat er，immediately，soon，next，in afew days，gradually，suddenly，finally等。(3)表示空间顺序的过渡词：near(to)，far(from)，in frontof，behind，beside，beyond，above，below，tothe right left，around，outside等。

(4)表示比较的过渡词：in thesameway，justlike，justas等。

(5)表示对照的过渡词：but，still，yet，however，on theotherhand，onthecon trary，in spite of，even though等。

(6)表示结 果 和 原 因 的 过 渡 词：because，since，so，as a result，therefore，then，thus，otherwise等。

(7)表示目的.的过渡词：forthisreason，forthispurpose，so that等。

(8)表示强调的过渡词：in fact，indeed，surely，necessarily，certainly，withoutanydoubt，truly，torepeat，aboveall，mostimportant等。

(9)表示解释说明的过渡词：forexample，in fact，in thiscase，foractually等。

(10)表示总结的过渡词：finally，atlast，inconclusion，asIhaveshown，inoth erword，in brief，in short，in general，on the whole，ashasbeen stated等。

★ 考研英语核心词汇四

★ 考研英语运动类高频词汇

★ 考研英语常用领域词汇盘点

★ 英语考研5500必考词汇

★ 考研英语 将词汇进行到底

★ 考研英语 写作中

★ 考研英语：语法(非限定动词)

★ 考研英语复习初期 词汇攻坚战

★ 词汇大纲考研英语5500词

高考作文写作指导——书信体 篇7

一、书信体要点

1.收信人的姓名和地址;2.寄信人的姓名及其与收信人的关系;3.寄信人的地址 (比较熟悉的人之间可以省略) ;4.写信的时间;5.书信的内容。

二、格式

在上述提示要点中, 要着重注意第5点 (书信的内容) , 灵活运用所学的词汇、语法及句型来组织语言, 进行表达。既不能是提示的简单翻译, 又不能是漫无边界的乱谈。内容要准确清楚, 文字要连贯流畅。同时, 还必须讲究英文书信的格式。

英文私人信件通常包括以下五个部分:1.信头 (Heading) ;2.称呼 (Salutation) ;3.正文 (Body of the letter) ;4.结束语和谦称 (Complimentary close) ;5.签名 (Signature) 。

三、内容

(一) 信头 (Heading)

信头包括两部分:写信人的地址和写信日期 (通常写在信笺的右上角) 。书写顺序是, 先写地址, 再写日期。地址要遵循“先小后大”的原则, 即先写最小单位、小地名, 然后逐步写大的行政区划。例如, 先写学校名称 (或门牌号码) , 然后写街道名称和区名, 再写县市, 最后写省或自治区和国家名称。邮政编码通常写在县 (市) 名之后, 地址的每行末尾可以有逗号, 也可以没有, 但每行内该用逗号的地方, 仍需使用。一般来说, 门牌号和街道名称之间可以不用逗号, 但城市名称和国家名称之间必须用逗号隔开。在欧美, 城市名称之后往往写有字母或数字 (如Washington 8, London, SW367;New York, 1031) , 表示城市的邮区号码。这样标明, 便于邮局分信和迅速投递, 避免差错。

写信日期位于写信人地址之后, 通常空开一行。写日期时, 有两种不同的书写顺序;一种是按“月、日、年”的顺序 (如Feb.12st, 2012) ;另一种是按“日、月、年”的顺序 (如14st, Jan., 2012) 。这里要提示一点, 在年份之前有一个逗号, 而月份通常可以用缩写词 (如Jan., Feb., Mar.等) 。

(二) 称呼 (Salutation)

称呼是指对收信人的称呼, 写的位置是信头的下方, 要留一行的举例, 写字的顺序是从信笺的左边开始写。英文书信的称呼通常以Dear…或My dear…开头。给亲属写信时, 在Dear或My dear的后面加上表示亲属关系的词, 如“Dear Grandma, Dear Grandpa, My dear son”等。给辈分小的人或熟悉的人写信时, 可在Dear或My dear后面直接写上对方的名字即可。例如“Dear Xiao Hong, Dear Jack”等。写给不太熟悉的人通常用Dear Mr.Smith, Dear Mrs.White等。

(三) 正文 (Body of letters)

正文是书信的主体部分。从称呼的下一行开始写起, 可以与称呼起头写, 也可以向内缩五个字母再开始写。正文语言表达准确、清晰, 字迹清楚。

(四) 结束语和谦称 (Complimentary close)

英文书信的结尾时一些客套话, 类似中文书信结尾处的“祝好!敬礼!”“此致敬礼”“盼早日复信!”等。英文书信的结束语与中文书信类似, 写在正文的下方, 另起一行。常见的结束语有:Best wishes/regards!祝好!Good luck to you!祝你好运!Wishing you success/good luck!祝你成功/走运!Give my best wishes/regards to…!向……问好!Looking forward to your early reply!盼早日复信!

高考英语作文写作指导 篇8

上一讲我们介绍了书信的写作。常见的应用文除了书信，还有请假条、便条、海报、通知、（寻物、招领等）启事、请柬、祝辞、简历、证明等。

应用文写作的难点主要有两个：一是格式。正式的应用文有比较规范的格式，要注明读者、作者、日期、标题等，但在高考英语基础写作中，应用文的格式一般不考，所以同学们不必花太多的时间复习。二是语句。应用文的写作往往有一些特定的或习惯的语句，有些语句甚至成了套话，这些语句在考试中可能考查到，所以要重点掌握。

二、常用词句

1． 请假条

请假条是请求允许不参加某项工作、学习或活动的简短文书。

I apologize for the inconvenience my absence from work may cause.

I’m sorry to tell you that I can’t go to school today, because I’ve caught a cold.

Now I am writing to you to ask for 2 days’sick leave.

I am terribly sorry that I shall be unable to attend this morning’s English class due to a bad cold and high fever.

2． 便条

便条是一种简单的书信，常见的便条有收条、欠条和留言等。

Would you like to come on time at 5∶00 p.m. today, to Room 6 of Hilton Hotel?

Enclosed is a certificate from the doctor who said I must stay in bed for a few days.

Upon receiving this note, please come to my office.

I happen to be in urgent need of 200 yuan.

Your note with an admission ticket enclosed is much appreciated.

I hope my absence will not cause you any serious inconvenience.

3． 海报

海报是贴在人员流动较大的地方，告知人们喜闻乐见的消息，如电影、球讯、商品报道等，类似广告，通常要配以图画以增加吸引力。

A friendly football match will be held between our team and the team of Zhongshan University in our football field at 5∶00 p. m. on Saturday, May 27th，2007.

Ticket:five yuan for each.

Admission free

Come and cheer for them.

Everyone is welcome to attend. / All are warmly welcome.

Please be there on time. / Please be present on time.

4． 通知

通知的写法有两种，一种是以布告形式贴出，通常不用称呼；另一种是以书信的形式，这种通知类似普通书信，只要写明通知的具体内容即可。

Attention, please.

May I have your attention, please?

An English play will be put on in the school auditorium from 7-9 o’clock p.m. this weekend.

A football match will be held on the school playground at 3 o’clock p.m. this Saturday.

There will be an English party in English Department at 8 o’clock tomorrow.

All the students are requested to meet in the conference room on Saturday, August 18, at 2∶00 p.m. to listen to the report.

5． 启事

启事是一种公告性的应用文，常见的有寻人启事和寻物启事等。

A jacket was lost on the playground on May 12 th.

If you know where these bags are, please call 0293-8910.

Among the contents of the luggage are some books which are badly needed.

Finder, please return it to the owner, Li Hua. Room 203, Dormitory 9.

6． 请柬

请柬有正式和非正式两种。正式请柬一般格式比较规范，用词准确、简洁。非正式请柬即是熟人之间比较随便的便条。

It’s our great honor to invite you to visit Hilton Company located at Broad Avenue in August, 2007.

This visit will provide an opportunity for you to make a better understanding of our school, and to communicate our future cooperation in detail.

Please use this invitation letter to apply for your VISA to China.

7． 祝辞

祝辞是在节日、重要场合的一种客套话，包括节日祝辞、成功祝辞、健康祝福等。

To congratulate you on your success and wish you happiness through the years ahead.

Congratulations on passing your exams! Wish you the best of everything in the future.

It is a well-deserved reward for all the hard work you’ve done during the past year.

We wish to show our gratitude and thanks with a small gift. Happy Teacher’s Day!

We are more thankful than we can express.

I am truly grateful to you for what you have done.

Thank you for making learning not a dull thing but a great joy.

You are not only a good teacher but our close friend.

8． 简历

简历是告诉读者你的个人情况，如姓名、年龄、爱好、学历、经历等。简历可以根据个人需要灵活设计栏目和格式。

age, height, blood type, weight, address, nationality, date of birth, native place, postal code, health condition, ID card, job/career objective, work experience.

Skilled in use of MS Frontpage and Win 95/NT.

Have a good command of both spoken and written English.

1994.9-1997.6 No. 2 Middle School, Guangdong

1997.9-2002.6 Department of Automation, Tsinghua University.

三、实例分析

【例１】假设你校有一批外国交流学生在学校进行短期学习，你是学生英语协会的负责人，在平安夜欢庆聚餐前，你要代表学生英语协会对外国学生做一个简短的祝辞，内容如下：

1. 祝他们圣诞、新年快乐。

2. 在过去的两周，他们习惯这里的生活，学习努力，工作出色。

3. 告诉他们若有困难，请及时提出来。

写作要求：

1. 介绍必须包括以上全部内容；

2. 开头和结尾已经为你写好，正文用5个句子。

Dear Foreign friends,

…

Thank you.

审题：

参考范文：

Dear Foreign friends,

On the occasion of Christmas Eve, please accept my sincere wishes! Please allow me to extend to you and your family my warmest greetings, wishing you Merry Christmas and happy New Year!

We are very glad to know that you have got used to the life here. As a matter of fact, all of you have been working very hard and have done an excellent job in the past two weeks. Should you have any difficulties please don’t hesitate to ask for us.

Thank you.

【例2】假设你是李华，不久前你邀请了Gates先生到你校讲学，题目是How to Learn English，Gates先生已经书面答应了接受邀请，请你用英文回一封信表示感谢，并包括以下内容：

写作要求：

1. 须包括以上全部要点；

2. 结尾已经写好，正文使用5个句子。

参考词汇：音视频设备 audio-visual equipment

Dear Mr. Gates,

…

Thank you.

Sincerely yours,

Li Hua

审题：

Dear Mr. Gates,

I’m delighted you have accepted our invitation to speak at the Conference on October 8th.

As we agreed, you’ll be speaking on the topic How to Learn English from 8∶30-9 a.m. with an additional 30 minutes for questions.

Would you please tell me what kind of audio-visual equipment you’ll need? If you could let me know your specific requirements by October 2nd, I’ll have plenty of time to make sure that the hotel provides you with what you need.

I look forward to hearing from you.

Thank you.

Sincerely yours,

Li Hua

四、即时训练

认领启事

假设昨天下午两点时你在家门口前发现了一只黑白小狗，狗现在你家。你不知狗的主人是谁，请用英语写一份认领启事。小狗的情况如下：

写作要求：

1. 须包括以上全部信息；

2. 用5个句子；

3. 结尾已经为你写好。

参考词汇：颈套 collar

…

Reply to: lihua-2008@163.org

Date: 2007-12-15, 8∶18 AM

参考范文：

FOUND- Small Black and White Dog

This dog showed up on my doorstep in Beijing Road at about 2 o’clock p.m. yesterday and never left. It is about 50 centimetres long and 30 centimetres tall with black and white hair. It is very friendly except to cats. It has a collar on with its name but no address or phone number. If this is your dog please respond to this add and describe its collar and we can have you reunited in no time.

Reply to: lihua-2008@163.org

Date: 2007-12-15, 8∶18 AM