高中定语从句讲解

高中定语从句讲解（通用9篇）

高中定语从句讲解 篇1

高中定语从句讲解课件

高中定语从句讲解课件，一起来看看吧。

语法复习--定语从句

一.英语句子从结构上看有三种类型：

1.简单句（Simple Sentence)

2.并列句（Compound Sentence)

3.复合句 （Complex Sentence)

(1)简单句的五大基本句型：

主语+连系动词+表语

主语 ＋及物动词＋宾语

主语＋不及物动词＋状语

主语＋及物动词＋间宾＋直宾

主语＋及物动词＋宾语＋宾补

（2）并列句：由两个或两个以上等立而又 相互独立的简单句构成，两个简单句由等立连词连在一起。 其结构是： 简单句+等立连词+简单句

eg:He has studied English for only one year,but he can read and write now.

Keep on and you will make progress.

（3）复合句：由一个主句或几个从句构成的`句子。从句只用作句子的一个成份，不能独立。根据从句在句中的作用，可分为名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句三类。

附：定语从句专练

请找出下列各句中的错误并加以改正。

1. This is the factory where we visited last week.

2. This is the watch for which Tom is looking.

3. The person to who you spoke is a student of Grade Two.

4. The house in that we live is very small.

5. The sun gives off light and warmth，that makes it possible for plants to grow.

6. I’ve read all the books which I borrowed from the library.

7. This is the best film which I have ever seen.

8. My father and Mr. Smith talked about things and persons who they remembered in the country.

9. Everything which we saw was of great interest.

10. His dog，that was now very old，became ill and died.

11. The reason which he didn’t go to school is that he was ill.

12. Those who wants to go with me put up your hands.

13. The boy，his mother died last year，studies very hard.

14. I have two sisters，both of them are doctors.

15. We’re going to visit the school where your brother works there.

16. He is the only one of the students who have been invited to the English Evening.

17. That is the way which they work.

18. Those have questions can ask the teachers for advice.

19. Who is the man who has white hairs？

20. I will never forget the days which we had a good time together at the sea.[1][2]

高中定语从句讲解 篇2

1.The girl is my English teacher.

2.My English teacher is making faces.

3.My English teacher is wearing a light green dress.

二、教师演示, 通过关系词把两个句子连接成定语从句, 从而导入定语从句的概念、先行词和关系词

“the girl”是三句话中共有的短语, 可以确定其为先行词, 且“the girl”是人所以选用指人的关系词“who”, 句子1和2, 句子1和3加在一起可以分别得到如下定语从句:

定语从句1:The girl who is making faces is my English teacher. (1和2)

定语从句2:The girl who is wearing a light green dress is my English teacher. (1和3)

对上面两个定语从句进行讲解可以导入定语从句的概念、先行词和关系词。

所谓定语从句就是在句子中做定语的从句, 它修饰一个名词或代词, 被修饰的名词或词组叫“先行词”, 定语从句一般出现在先行词之后, 由关系词 (关系代词或关系副词) 引出。关系代词包括:who, whom, whose, that, which, as等;关系副词包括:when, where, why等。

三、PPT展示定语从句的类型, 进行详细讲解让学生系统掌握定语从句的用法

(一) 关系代词引出的定语从句

1.which, that代替事或物, 在从句中做宾语或主语 (做宾语时可省略) ;

2.who, that, whom, whose代替人, who, that在从句中做主语, whom在句中做宾语, whose在句中做定语。

3.例句:

(1) 工作努力的人往往获得成功。

The men who/that work hard are often successful. (2) 与你交谈的那个人是我们的班长。

(2) 与你交谈的那个人是我们的班长。

The man to whom you talked is our monitor.

(3) 从这里能看见其屋顶的那栋楼是我们的寝室楼。

The building whose roof can be seen here is our dorm.

4.that和which, 一般没什么去区别, 但在下列情况下一般用that:

(1) 先行词为all, nothing, anything, little等不定代词时, All that she lacked is training.

(2) 先行词前有序数词或最高级修饰时,

The first thing that you should do is to register.This is the most moving match that I have ever seen.

(3) 先行词既有人又有物时。

He talked vividly about the people and things that he had met during his trip.

(二) 关系副词when、where、why引出的定语从句

1.I began to work in Ningbo in the year when I graduated.

2.This was the supermarket where I bought this kind of drink.

3.Please tell me your reason why you are late again.

(三) 介词+which (whom) 引出的定语从句

Do you remember the day on which your sister got married?

你还记得你姐姐结婚的那天吗?

四、让学生理解领会

邀请几个学生来当模特, 并请几个学生来描述他们, 其他同学猜他们描述的是哪一位同学, 让他们在情景和任务中理解和运用定语从句。

五、对学生给出的定语从句中的错误进行纠正, 并引导学生总结定语从句中关系词的功能

在定语从句中关系词常有三个作用:

1.引导定语从句, 2.代替先行词, 3.在定语从句中充当一个成分。在使用定语从句时, 由于先行词已经被关系词代替了, 所以先行词在从句中不可以再次出现, 这是学生很容易忽视的一点。

六、课后再给学生一些定语从句的专项训练, 加深理解, 巩固学生对于定语从句的掌握

在教学中采用上述讲解方法, 教师生动形象的讲解, 直观唯美的PPT画面, 和学生栩栩如生的表演, 使得原本枯燥乏味的语法课变得趣味十足, 课堂气氛十分活泼, 学生的学习兴趣和积极性极度高涨, 他们想要不学好定语从句都难。

摘要：定语从句是全国英语应用能力等级考试中经常考查的语法知识, 也是学生学习的重点和难点。定语从句的两大要素:先行词和关系词是学生很难把握的。如何让学生在娱乐中, 于情景与任务中学习掌握定语从句, 也是所有英语教师所面临的问题, 本文旨在和大家一起分享定语从句的讲解方法。

用合并句子法讲解高中定语从句 篇3

【关键词】合并句子 定语从句 关系代词

学习背景及基础知识的准备

语法是语言的重要组成部分，必然是教师教学过程中的核心内容之一。在高中语法教学中，定语从句就是教师讲解的重点，却又是许多学生的语法学习中的短板。虽然学生们在初中阶段已经学过定语从句，多数能读懂含有简单定语从句的句子，但高中阶段对定语从句运用的能力要求更高，不仅要求学生理解其句法功能，还要求学生能运用定语从句进行书面表达。要求提高了，难度也随之增加。

英语和汉语中都有定语，英语中的定语从句是汉语中所没有的；而且中英两种语言的句型结构也有着巨大差异。这就对中国学生理解定语从句造成了一定的障碍。所以，课前学生必须清晰理解以下知识：

1.主语和谓语是英语句子不可或缺的两个部分，除少数句子（如祈使句和感叹句等）外，一句话必须同时具备主语和谓语，所表达的意思才完整；在复合句中，主句和从句各自具有属于自己的独立的主语和谓语。

2.定语的概念：描述见表1。

3.英语中有5种简单句的基本句型，它们是构成一切长难句的基础。

观察例句，引出定语从句的相关概念

如果直接把概念化的东西平铺直叙给学生念一遍，语言学习会枯燥而无味，而且很突兀。这时，例句的展现，引导式的分析就很重要了，如：

The students （who do not study hard） will not pass the exam.

让学生观察例句，此时在教师的指导下找出主句的主干：The students will not pass the exam，即主谓宾结构。主语the students后的从句who do not study hard对其进行修饰限定，就是定语从句，它的作用类似形容词；其中who称作是关系代词，the students是先行词。由此可以得出定语从句的位置及相关概念（见表3）（这里的关系副词仅仅是呈现，不做讲解）

运用合并句子法，展现定语从句的演变

事实上，定语从句可以看做是两个简单句的合并，通过这样的演变，学生对于汉语中所没有的定语从句的出现会产生直观的印象，而且懂得定语从句使句子结构更加紧凑，表意更加丰富、精确。

请观察下面的例句，并将它们合并成为含有关系代词的定语从句：

1. A. Nature is one thing.

B. One thing really must be experienced.

1）AB两句分别是主系表和主谓宾结构。根据句意（大自然是真正必须亲身体验的一种事物），以A句为主句，B句为从句，进行第一次直接组合：Nature is one thing （one thing really must be experienced.）

2）显然，one thing是这两个句子的相同部分，主句中的one thing作先行词，从句重复部分用关系代词代替，指物用which/ that， 句子再次精简，合并：Nature is one thing（that/which really must be experienced.） 至此，我们可以知道 先行词与关系代词是对等关系，因为one thing在从句中作主语，所以关系代词that/which也作主语。

3）由此可以得出结论：that， which引导定语从句，指代先行词one thing，并充当定从中的主语。

用同样的方法对第2，3两组句子进行合并：

2. A. The girl is Anne. （主系表）

B. We saw the girl yesterday. （主谓宾）

此组合并有两种情况，句意相同只是结构差异：

A句作主句：

1） The girl （we saw the girl yesterday） is Anne.（第一次直接组合）

2） The girl （we saw whom yesterday ）is Anne.（从句重复部分用关系代词代替， 指人作宾语，用whom）

3） The girl （whom we saw yesterday） is Anne.（调整关系代词位置，一般紧跟在先行词后面）

分析得出结论：whom引导定语从句，指代先行词the girl， 并充当定语从句中saw的宾语。

B句作主句：

1） We saw the girl （the girl is Anne） yesterday.

2） We saw the girl （who is Anne） yesterday.

分析得出结论：who引导定语从句，指代先行词the girl， 并充当定语从句中的主语。

3. A. Tu Youyou is a scientist.（主系表）

B. The scientists name is known all over the world.（主系表）

1） Tu Youyou is a scientist the scientists name is known all over the world.

2） Tu Youyou is a scientist whose name is known all over the world.（关系代词中只有whose有“……的”含义，表所属关系）

分析得出结论：whose引导定从，相当于the scientists，充当定语。

这时，可以把简单句合并成为定语从句的方法再次总结呈现：（1）找出两句中相同部分，确定主句、先行词；（2）从句重复部分用相应的关系代词代替；（3）适当调整句序，一般情况下，定语从句紧跟在先行词后。

通过观察，学生在教师的引导下分析与对比，在变化推导过程中明白英语中的定语从句究竟是怎样产生演变而来的，这样的过程自然而流畅；同时可归纳得出关系代词的作用：（1）引导定语从句（或者说连接主从句）；（2）指代其前的先行词；（3）在从句中充当某种成份（主要是主语、宾语、定语）。

然后，教师给出相应的练习，让学生进行实战演练。注意：初学此种方法，给出的句子可遵循由易到难的规则。

拆分定语从句，分析关系代词的具体用法

反过来，定语从句可以拆分成为简单句，从而分析关系代词的具体用法。

1.如何使用which

1） A school bus which carried 64 kids was hit by a truck last week.

该句可以拆分成为：

A. A school bus was hit by a truck last week.（主谓）

B. A school bus carried 64 kids. （主谓宾）

2） The film （which） we saw yesterday is interesting.

拆句：

A. The film is interesting. （主系表）

B. We saw the film yesterday. （主谓宾）

通过前面的分析，关系代词与先行词是对等关系：a school bus=which， the film=which（以下例句可以同理推导），所以，教师可以轻松引导学生得出结论：which可以指代物，在定语从句中可以充当主语和宾语成分。

2.如何使用that

3） English is a language that is used and learned by many people all over the world.

拆句：

A. English is a language. （主系表）

B. A language is used and learned by many people all over the world. （主谓）

a language = that

4）She is the girl （that） you saw in school.

拆句：

A. She is the girl. （主系表）

B. You saw the girl in school.（主谓宾）

the girl= that

小结： that可以指代物和人，在从句中作主语和宾语。

3.如何使用who和whom

5） Those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English.

A. Those were expected to speak excellent English.（主谓宾）

B. Those reported the news. （主谓宾）

those=who

6） You can rely on the girl （whom） you talked with.

A. You can rely on the girl. （主谓宾）

B. You talked with the girl. （主谓宾）

the girl = whom

小结：who可以指代人，在定从中作主语；whom可以指代人，在定从中作宾语。

4.如何使用whose

7）Dont get too close to the house whose wall has big cracks.

A. Dont get too close to the house. （主谓宾）

B. The houses wall has big cracks. （主谓宾）

the houses= whose

8） The boy whose name is Jack is in my class.

A. The boy is in my class. （主系表）

B. The boys name is Jack. （主系表）

the boys= whose

小结：whose可以指代人和物，以whose + n.形式出现，在定语从句中作定语成分。

课后延伸

句子赋予语法生命，在许多的优美句子和篇章中都有定语从句的身影。此时教师可以给学生提供这样的例子，让他们感受其无穷魅力的同时也激发他们努力学习运用定语从句的动力：

1. There are only two kinds of people who are really fascinating：people who know absolutely everygthing， and people who know absolutely nothing.（The Picture of Dorian Gray）

2. Whenever you feel like criticizing any one， just remember that all the people in this world havent had the advantage s that youve had. （The Great Gatsby）

3. To the man who only has a hammer， everything he encounters begins to look like a nail. （——Abraham Maslow）

结语

用合并句子来展现定语从句演变，拆分句子来分析关系代词的具体用法，充分体现了归纳法在语法教学中的作用。这篇文章对于高中生学习定语从句可以起到抛砖引玉的作用，让他们知其所以然。掌握好了这种方法，有关定语从句后续知识的学习自然是水到渠成的事了。

参考文献：

中考英语定语从句讲解 篇4

主语 Who which that

主语 Whom which that

宾语 Whose(=of whom) whose(=of which)

例1：This is the detective who came from London.

例2：The book which I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy.

例3：The desk whose leg is broken is very old.

例4：This is the room that Shakespeare was born in.

2.关系代词的用法

(1) 如果先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none等不定代词，关系代词一般只用that，不用which。例如：

All the people that are present burst into tears.

(2) 如果先等词被形容词最高级以及first, last, any, only, few, mush, no, some, very等词修饰，关系代词常用that,不用which, who，或whom。例如：

(3) 非限制性定语从句中，不能用关系代词that,作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。例如：

非限制性定语从句的用法讲解 篇5

所以，即使删除了非限制性定语，并不影响句子意思的表达，只是少了一点补充或附加信息而已。

由于非限制性定语从句与先行词的关系不那么密切，一般可以用逗号将它们分开来。

例如：

She wants a pet, which can keep her company every day.

她们想要一只宠物，每天都能陪伴她。

(并没有限定什么样的宠物，该句的非限定语从句只是附加说明她养宠物的作用，即使删除，剩下she wants a pet.意思也是表达完整的。)

注意：

非限定性定语从句并不总是修饰一个先行词，有进还可以修饰它前面的的整个主句或者主句中的一部分。

例如：

The lady persuaded the boy to let the bird go, which made her extremely happy.

女士说服小男孩把鸟放掉了，这使她感到极为开心。

(非限制性定语从句修饰前面整个主句。)

Lily got to know that she passed the mathematical test, which set her heart at rest at last.

莉莉获知她已经通过了数学考试，这使她终于放心了。

(非限制性定语从句修饰hepassed the mathematical test 这部分内容。)

限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句不仅在关系代词使用和先行词的关系上有差异，有时在意思上也有比较大的差别。

高中定语从句改错课件 篇6

定语从句该错 每句只有一处错

1. The man which talked to you just now is an engineer.

2. I still remember the days which we studied together.

3. in fact the Swede did not understand the three questions in which were asked in French.

4. To get the job started, all what I need is your permission.

5. I can still remember the sitting-room that my mother and I used to sit in the evening.

6. A child his parents are dead is called an orphan.

7. Finally, the thief handed everything which he had stolen to the police.

8. His parents wouldn’t let him marry the girl her family was poor.

9. All the thing is needed is a supply of oil.

10. He paid the boy 10 yuan for washing ten windows, most of these hadn’t been cleaned for a year.

11. She heard a terrible noise, that brought her heart into her mouth.

12. Alice received an invitation from her boss, it came as a surprise.

13. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person whom she could turn for help.

14. The weather turned out to be fine, that was more than we could expect.

15. After living in Paris for 50 years, he returned to the small town in that he grew up as a child.

16. In 1939 Alfred Butts happened to meet a man called Jim Brunot which showed an interest in the new game.

17. This is not a particular year on which people cannot get married.

18. Ella Fant was a middle-aged lady that she lived with her son in a small house.

19. It was a meeting where the German Commander Lutjens didn’t want to attend.

20. One pioneer, in particular, that disagrees with the idea is David Tebbutt, the founder of Computertown UK.

21. The schools admitted not all children would succeed in the profession at which they got trained.

22. The WTO cannot live up to its name if it does not include a country where is home to one fifth of mankind.

23. A computer can only do the work what you have instructed it to do.

24. Let’s go to the bookstore which we can get the magazine we need.

25. Is this school where your brother graduated from?

26. China has hundreds of islands, the largest one is tai*.

27. As they met each other, they talked about the labs and teachers who they thought of in the school.

28. Which anybody can see, our school is exactly like a beautiful park.

29. Han Meimei is the girl whom I think is beautiful and honest.

30. I still remember the days that I settled down in a faraway village.

31. Do you remember the years when we spent studying in the same school?

32. You are the very one of my students who has turned teacher in Beijing Normal University.

33. Don’t read such books that can poison us in thought.

34. There isn’t much which you can do to help us.

35. This wild grass is used as food by villagers their families are very poor.

36. He left home for tai* in 1947, when he died of cancer.

37. this is the only way which you can work out this maths problem.

38. You helped my son with his English, it was very kind of you.

39. I never forget the reason why you gave for not lending money to me

40. The man he is talking with your father is our headmaster.

41. Our school has 25 English teachers, 70% of which are women.

42. Jane and Peter are sister and brother, so Jane has the same kind-hearted mother as Peter has.

43. The car, on which Smith paid 200,000 yuan, was stolen yesterday.

44. I’d like to buy the coat, of which is made cotton cloth.

45. I stood by the window of the fourth floor, through that I could see the train passing far away.

46. The teacher, who I had learned a great deal, died ten years ago.

47. I often think of the years in which I spent in the countryside with some peasants.

48. The old man I spoke to him just now is a retired teacher.

49. Such idioms which we have studied are widely used today.

50. This is the man whom I referred to you at the meeting the other day.

51. Mathilde was fond of her dress, when Della never was.

52. My classmate Hua Ying got rich, why I unfortunately didn’t.

53. She is not the cheerful lady what she used to be.

54. I, am your friend, will try my best to help you.

55. “Do you like the bike?” “It’s quite different from which I used yesterday.”

56. A waiter is a man who work is serving the customers in a restaurant.

57. All the apples are fell from such a tree are not fit to eat for children.

58. The boy studying here must be from Africa, who can be seen from his black skin.

59. The captain entered a farm house, in from of that sat a small boy.

60. It was unexpected, Father offered me 500 dollars for Christmas.

61. The glasses, without that he was like a blind man, were worth over 100 dollars.

62. Was there anything else which you left in the hotel last time?

63. There is no man that is willing to learn from you in this club.

64. The door where Della waited for her husband was always open.

65. he is ready to help others that in trouble.

66. To be a good teacher, you must have a good and strong pleasing voice is fully under your control.

67. In the European Union, which 81% of the land is farmed, there is plenty of food.

68. His talk, which most of listeners were tired, went on and on.

69. Please wake me up at two o’clock, when I have to attend an important meeting.

70. This is the only place which they can stay at.

Key:

1. which→who/that 2. which→when 3. 去掉which 前面的.in 4. what→that或去掉what

5. that→where 6. his→whose 7. which→that或去掉which 8. her→whose 9. 去掉第一个is, 过去分词needed作定语修饰thing，或者在thing后面加关系代词that，that is needed是定语从句. 10. these→which 11. that→which 12. it→which 13. whom前面加to 14. that→which, 也可将that改为as 15. that→which 16. which→who 17. on→in 18. 去掉she 19. where→which / that, 或去掉where 20. that→who 21. at→for 22. where→that / which 23. what→which / that 24. which→where 25. where→the one 26. one 后面加of which 27. who→that

28. Which→As 29. whom→who 30. that→when 31. when→which或去掉when 32. who→that 33. that→as 34. which→that 35. their→whose 36. when→where 37. which前面加in

38. it→as / which 39. why→that 40. he→who 41. which→whom 42. as→that 43. on→for

44. 将of移至made之后 45. that→which 46. who→from whom 47. 去掉which前面的in 48. 去掉him 49. which→as 50. 去掉you 51. when→which 52 why→as 53. 去掉what 54. am前面加who 55. which→the one 56. who→whose 57. as→that 58. who→as 59. that→which 60. It→As 61. that→which 62. which→that 63. that→but 64. whereat/against which

高中定语从句讲解 篇7

一、通过图片辅助的方式展示句型。

利用多媒体设备来展示相关的图片进行辅助教学是现代化的英语课堂中最常见的一种方式,也是最受学生喜欢和易于接受的一种方式。在高中英语定语从句讲解的例句展示环节,教师可以通过图片辅助的方式来为学生展示相关的定语从句句型,从而为接下来的环节做好充分准备。通过生动有趣的图片,能够迅速激发起学生的学习兴趣,有利于他们顺利完成学习任务。比如,在这一环节,教师可以先通过PPT给学生展示一座带有一个漂亮花园的房子,并这样引导学生们:“Boys and girls,do you like this house?I bought it last year.Now,please describe this house with the attributive sentence.”通过这种方式,学生们迅速被漂亮的图片所吸引,也很愿意在教师的引导下来描述这幅图片。比如,学生们可能会利用非限制性定语从句表达:“My house,which I bought last year,has got a lovely garden.”除此之外,为了更进一步地激发起学生的学习兴趣,教师还可以在生活中注意抓拍一些本班的学生平时的生活照片,并通过PPT在课堂上进行展示以起到辅助教学的作用。这种方式能够进一步贴近学生的生活,从而激起学生的无限学习动力。

二、通过学生参与下的竞赛性活动展示句型。

在高中英语定语从句的句型展示的环节,为了能够有效激发学生的学习动机,使得每一个学生都能积极参与到课堂活动中来,教师还可以努力扩大学生的参与范围,安排全班同学分成不同的小组,各组之间展开相关的竞赛,并表彰在比赛中表现优越的队伍,从而帮助学生不断积累在英语学习中的成就感。具体来看,针对定语从句这一语法点,教师可以将全班学生分成9个不同的小组,每个小组分别负责由that引导的定语从句、由which引导的定语从句、由who引导的定语从句、由whom引导的定语从句、由whose引导的定语从句、由as引导的定语从句、由when引导的定语从句、由where引导的定语从句以及由why引导的定语从句,写出尽量多的相关定语从句,并展开比赛,看哪组写得多,且正确率高。

三、通过实物辅助的方式展示句型。

在高中英语定语从句句型的展示环节中,教师除了可以通过图片辅助的方式进行展示或者通过学生参与的竞赛性活动进行展示之外,还可以通过实物辅助的方式进行展示。也就是说,教师可以通过利用教室中现有的实物,要求学生们从多个维度认识这些实物,并引导他们利用定语从句来进行表达。在这一过程中教师应该注意的是,由于一个实物具有多个方面和多个维度,因此,教师切不可抹杀学生的多向性思维,而应该鼓励他们就同一实物从不同方面进行表达。比如,对于教室中现有的一盆花,教师可以这样指导学生:“Boys and girls,now,please look at the plant in our classroom.Please describe it with the attributive sentences.Certainly,you are encouraged to describe it from different respects.”在这种情况下,有的学生可能会从这盆花的作用角度来运用定语从句进行描述,如“I like the flower that can bring good mood to us.”而有的同学有可能会从这种植物的习性角度来进行描述,如“This is the plant that needs a lot of sunshine and water.”而有的同学则可能会追溯这盆植物的来源,如“This is the plant that was brought by Mr.Lee last year.”等等。不管从哪个角度,教师都应该积极鼓励学生们进行回答,并将学生所回答的句子写到黑板上,等待下一个环节的讲解。

四、结语

高中定语从句讲解 篇8

关键词：高中英语；定语从句；突破误区

中图分类号：G427 文献标识码：A

文章编号：1992-7711（2012）10-084-1

笔者就高中英语学习中定语从句平时一些常见的失分误区进行简单的归纳，希望对同学们有所帮助。

第一组：

（一）限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句

1. Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, , of course, made all the others envious.

A. whom B. which C. what D. that

解题思路：此题考查的是非限制性定语从句，句意为:玛丽对待杰克比对待其他人好，这一点引起了其他人的嫉妒。很明显，这一空格代替的是前面整个一个句子，所以不能选择A项。what 引导的是名词性从句，故排除。that 不能引导非限制性定语从句，也应排除。所以，此题应该选择B项。

2. Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others were envious.

A. whom B. which C. what D. that

解题思路：此题考查的是限制性定语从句，句意为：玛丽对待杰克比对待那些充满嫉妒心的人好一些。此题的先行词是others, 排除B项。what 引导的是名词性从句，故排除。同时，关系代词在这句话中做的是主语，所以排除A项。因此，此题的答案应该为D项。

［应对策略］ which 引导限制性定语从句时，先行词必须是物，在从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可以省略。引导非限制性定语从句时，先行词可以是物，也可以是整个句子，在从句中作主语或宾语，但此时都不可省略。同时，which 引导限制性定语从句时不可以放于句首。that引导限制性定语从句时，先行词可以是物，也可以是人，在从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可以省略。但是，that 不可以引导非限制性定语从句。

（二）名词性从句中that和what的区别

3. made others envious was that Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others.

A. whom B. which C. what D. that

解题思路：此题考查的是主语从句。A、B两项都是关系代词，引导的是定语从句，故排除。D项虽可以引导名词性从句，但是不充当任何成分，而此句缺少的是made的主语，所以答案为C项。

4. Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others made others envious.

A. whom B. which C. what D. that

解题思路：此题考查的是主语从句。A、B两项都是关系代词，引导的是定语从句，故排除。C项虽可以引导名词性从句，但在句中充当主语、，而在此句中，Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others. 是个完整的分句，不缺任何成分，只缺连接词，因此答案为D项。

［应对策略］ that引导名词性从句时，不充当句子成分，不含任何意义，只起连接词的作用。同时，引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时不可省略。what引导名词性从句时，在从句中作主语、宾语和表语，而且不可省略。

第二组：

（一）定语从句与简单句

1. We passed a house owner was seated in front of the house.

A. that B. its C. whose D. Where

解题思路：此题考查的是限制性定语从句。此句为定语从句，首先排除B项。D项为关系副词，也应排除。此题的先行词是house, 与owner之间是所属关系，故答案为C项。

2. We passed a house and owner was seated in front of the house.

A. that B. its C. whose D. Where

解题思路：此句中有连接词and，说明前后两句应该为并列的句子，因此应该选择B项。

［应对策略］ 定语从句的句法功能是修饰名词，相当于形容词，意为......的，如果句中出现and, 要特别看清楚是名词的并列，还是动词的并列，或者是句子的并列。如果后半句句子成分完整，即主宾俱全，则要视为两个简单句。

（二）定语从句与with的复合结构

3. We passed a house the owner was seated .

A. that B. its C. whose D. Where

解题思路：此题考查的是限制性定语从句。首先排除B项。此句的先行词为house, 而从句the owner was seated 后缺少地点状语，补充完整应为the owner was seated in the house, 故应选择关系副词，答案为D项。

4. We passed a house the owner was seated in .

A. that B. its C. whose D. Where

解题思路：此题考查的是限制性定语从句。首先排除B项。此句的先行词为house, 在从句the owner was seated in 充当宾语，因此，应该选择关系代词，答案为A项。

［应对策略］ 定语从句的判断标准是从句必须有谓语动词，与先行词构成完整的句子。而with的复合结构中一定不能出现谓语动词，只能用名词、形容词、现在分词、过去分词和介词短语做伴随状语。

高中定语从句教学设计[模版] 篇9

1、了解定语从句的位置、结构以及翻译；

2、学习并掌握定语从句的规则，尤其是关系代词的选择。ii.teaching points:（教学重点）

1、定语从句，先行词以及关系代词的概念；

2、关系代词的选择。

iii.teaching methods:（教学方法）

1、歌曲引入法，小魔术引导法；

2、举例讲解，说明定语从句的用法；

3、以讲练结合的方法加深学生印象。iv.teaching steps:（教学步骤）step one: lead-in（导入）

firstly，enjoy the music “take me to your heart”.t: what’s the name of the song? ss: it is take me to your heart.t: do you like the song whose name is take me to your heart? ss: i like the song whose name is take me to your heart very much.secondly, show the students your favorite sentence:“ all i need is someone who makes me wanna sing.do you know how to sing this sentence? 引出这句你最爱的歌词，具体是什么样的句型结构，留个悬念，大家拭目以待！最后揭晓。step two: 引入定语从句概念

老师拿出两根绳子，要求学生想个办法将两根绳子合二为一，学生提出各种方案，由此引出重要的概念：定语从句，先行词，关系词。

在复合句中作定语，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。定语从句所修饰的词叫做先行词，定语从句通常置于先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词主要有关系代词(who, whom, which, that, whose)和关系副词(when, where, why)。注意：本堂课重点讲解关系代词的选择。eg2: harry porter is a boy.harry porter has magic power.harry porter is a boy who has magic power.（哈利波特是个有魔法的男孩.）step three: 详细讲解定语从句语法知识

1.以实例分析定语从句的结构，进一步强调定语从句，先行词以及关系词的概念；

2.列出常用关系词，主要是关系代词。表格展示。说明如果关系词在从句中

做宾语，可以省略； 3.关系词的选择：（1）确定先行词；（2）关系词所替代的先行词是指人还是

指物；（3）关系词在从句中所充当的成分； 4.实例巩固；

5.游戏：a guessing game 根据描述猜人（姚明）。然后根据中文简介，自己

练习使用定语从句；

6.定语从句的翻译。不管引导词是哪一个，都翻译为“„„的”； 7.基础练习关系词的选择；

8.attention: 虽然that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情

况下, 只用that不用which。

(1)先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代词或被不定代词修饰时。

(2)先行词是序数词、最高级或被序数词、最高级修饰时。

(3)先行词被the only, the very(恰恰), the same, the last修饰时。(4)先行词同时含有人和物时。9.have a try!练习巩固； 10.高考链接。

summary:（小结）让学生自己进行总结，老师适时给出一定的引导。homework:（作业）1.预习关系副词的使用；

2.每人造五个定语从句的例句，可以描述人，物体以及事情。teaching reflection:(教学反思)总的来说整堂课的气氛基本达到我的预想，教学内容也得以输出。但是却未能准确把握上课时间，由于内容偏多，导致后半节课有些许赶进度，这就影响了整个教学效果，我想这是经验不够的缘故。此外，课件部分的声效似乎不是非常适合，有些过于突兀。但还是要给自己鼓励，因为没有出现预想的紧张等情绪。继续努力！篇二：高中英语定语从句精华版教学案

定语从句

导入：

e.g.she is a beautiful girl.she is a beautiful girl who drives me crazy.（一）定语从句定义

1.定语从句：在复合句中，修饰某个名词或代词的句子（做这个名词或代词的定语）叫定语从句，定语从句一般放在被修饰的名词或代词后面，2.先行词：被修饰的名词或代词叫做定语从句的先行词。3.用来引导定语从句的词叫做关系词。

关系代词的种类：

关系代词that, which, who, whose, 关系副词： when, where, why 4.定语从句结构：先行词+关系词+定语从句。

1.there she saw a wall of water that was quickly advancing towards her.2.in japan, someone who sees another person making the gesture will think it means money.4.the park has a conservation center that helps protect marine animals and their habitats in the rivers and coastal waters of asia.5.visitors can go on exciting rides where they can feel what it is like to do the things they have seen their heroes do in the movie.6.oprah winfrey is a black woman whose rise to fame is an inspiring story.（二）定语从句分类

限定性定语从句：从句对先行词进行必要的描述或说明，对先行词起修饰限定

作用，从句与先行词紧密相连缺少它，则句义显得不完整，一般不用逗号隔开。

非限定性定语从句：对先行词进行补充说明，解释，它与先行词关系松散，用

逗号隔开。

1.the man who gave me this book is tom.(限定性)2.tom,who is reading a book ,is my classmate(非限定性)

（三）关系代词 1.who指人，在定语从句中作主语，口语中可做宾语；that 也可指人，但多用 who.e.g.the man who is sitting under the tree is a german.2.whom指人，在句中做宾语，可省略，但在做介词的宾语是只能用whom,不

能用who.关系代词前有介词时不能省略。

e.g.the man(whom)you look for has left.i know the girl(whom)the teacher is speaking to.i know the girl to whom the teacher is speaking.3.whose, 作定语，可指人或物

e.g.everyone heplps the child whose parents are dead.they are the lazy students whose homework wasn‘t handed in.针对练习

2011全国卷i)the prize will go to the writer ________ story shows the most imagination.a.that b.which c.whose d.what 2011the school shop, ________ customers are mainly students, is closed few the holidays.a.whichb.whosec.when d.where 3.〖10山东〗that‘s the new machine ______ parts are too small to be seen.a.thatb.whichc.whosed.what 4.〖10陕西〗the old temple _______ roof was damaged in storm is now under repair.a.where b.which c.its d.whose 5.〖10北京〗children who are not active or diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.a.what b.whose c.whichd.that 6.〖10重庆〗in china, the number of cities is increasing ________development is recognized across the world.a.whereb.whichc.whosed.that 7.〖09天津〗a person ______ e-mail account is full won‘t be able to send or receive any e-mails.a.who b.whom c.whosed.whoever8.〖09安徽〗many children, parents are away working in big cities, are taken good care of in the village． a．theirb．whose c．of themd．with whom 9.〖09湖南〗i was born in new orleans, louisiana, a city name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind.a.which b.of which c.that d.whose 4.that 指人或物，多指物，作主语（不能省略）或宾语（可省略）this is a plant that grows in the north.5.which ,指物，在句中做主语（不能省略），或宾语（可省略）。e.g.this is a plant which grows in the north.? 常用that不用which的情况

只能that用做关系代词的情况（共9种类型）。

1.当先行词是all, everything, anything, nothing, much, little, none, one等不定代词时，只用that。歌诀助记：不定代词这路货，全用that准没错。pay attention to everything that i do.2.当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时，只用that。

歌诀助记：先行词前被限定，千万不要用which.this is the best novel(that)have read.3.如果出现两个或两个以上的先行词，并同时兼指人和物时，关系代词用that。歌诀助记：两项并列人与物，引导定从用that.they were talking about the person and things that they remembered in school.4.当先行词被the only, the last, the way, the same等等修饰时。this is the last time that i shall give you a lesson.5.在疑问词which开头的特殊疑问句中,为了避免重复只用that。which of the students that knows something about history.6.当先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等修饰时，只用that。he has little time that he can spare.7.当被修饰的成分是数词时，（被修饰成分是代名词one，指人时除外）只用that.i‘ve got one that you might be interested in.（3）用which，不用that的情况

①引导非限制性定语从句。

e.g.football, which is an interesting game, is played all over the world.全世界都踢足球，它是一项有趣的运动。

carol said the work would be done by october, which personally i doubt very much.卡罗尔说这项工作将在十月前做，对此我个人表示怀疑。dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, which ,of course, made the others unhappy.桃乐茜总是吹嘘她在戏剧中的角色，这当然使别人不高兴。

②直接放在介词后作宾语时。a.whichb.wherec.when d.as 2011the old town has narrow streets and small houses _____are built close to each other.a.they b.where c.what d.that a.which b.wherec.what d.who a.who b.wherec.when d.which 5.〖10全国ⅱ〗i refuse to accept the blame for something ________was someone else‘s fault.a.whob.that c.asd.what

（四）关系副词 1.when 指时间

（1）在定语从句中作状语，先行词主要为一些时间名词（year ,day ,time,week 等）,但时间名词在从句中作主语，宾语时，应用that，which，不能用when 做主语 i‘ll never forget the time 作状语 做主语

做宾语

he rememberes the days when he spent much money on stories.(2)it is the first time that „句型中，that是习惯用法，不用when。e.g.it is the first time that i have been to the great wall.2.where 指地点

（1）指前面的地点，在从句中作状语。

e.g.i know the factory where i worked twenty years ago.(2)指地点，在句中作主语，宾语时不能用where，须用that/which.e.g.this is the house where he has lived for 20 years.this is the house that he has lived in for 20 years.e.g.this is the shool ｛in which /where we study every year.this is the shool that /which we visited yesterday.注：有时when ,where 相当于“介词+at/in +which ”.e.g.he left the room where /in which he lived last year.(3)当先行词为某个方面、情况、阶段、位置等的词时使用关系副词 3.why表示原因

―the reason why „.that„.‖中，不能用because 代替that.the reason why he didn‘t attend the meeting is that he was ill.但reason 在从句中做宾语时，关系代词用that/which ,课省略 e.g.i don‘t believe the reason(which/that)he gave me.关系副词针对性练习

2011between the two parts of the concert is an interval（间隔;幕间, 休息时间;距离）, _______ the audience can buy ice-cream.a.when b.where c.that d.which 2011whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, _____ it will keep for two or three weeks.a.when b.which c.where d.while 2011a bank is the place ______ they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain.a.when b.that c.where d.there 2011the palace hall of the wedding ceremony.a．that b．when c．since d． berore 2011i walked up to the top of the hill with my friend, __________ we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.a.whichb.wherec.who d.that 6.〖10福建〗stephen hawking believes that earth is unlikely to be the only planet life has developed gradually.a.that b.where c.which d.whose 7.〖10江西〗the girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training center with her sister ______ she would stay for an hour.a whereb who c which d what 8.〖10天津〗-----can you believe i had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut?-----you should try the barber‘st‘s only 15.a.as b.which c.where d.that 10.〖09四川〗she‘ll never forget her stay there she found her son who had gone missing two years before.a.that b.which c.where d.when 11.〖09福建〗it‘s helpful to put children in a situation they can see themselves differently.a.that b.when c.whichd.where 12.〖09浙江〗i have reached a point in my life ______ i am supposed to make decisions of my own.a.which b.wherec.how d.why a.whyb.what c.that d.where 14.〖09北京〗—what do you think of teacher, bob？

—i find it fun and challenging.it is a job ___ you are doing something serious but interesting.a.where b.whichc.when d.that 15.〖08北京〗i‘ll give you my friend‘s home address, i can be reached most evenings.a.which b.when c.whom d.where 16.〖08安徽〗all the neighbors admire this family, like a friend. a.why b.where c.which d.that a.where b.when c.who d.which 18.〖08重庆〗they will fly to washington, a.where b.therec.which d.when 19.〖08山东〗occasionsi have the time to spend a day with my kids.a.who b.which c.whyd.when

（五）．“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句

当先行词在定于从句中作介词的宾语时，往往可以把介词放在关系代词之前，构成“介词+关系代词（whom/which）”结构。但一些短语东西如look after 等中的介词不能与动词分开，故不能放在关心代词之前。确定介词时： 篇三：高中英语语法教学设计 定语从句

高中英语语法教学设计：定语从句讲解与练习

定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常

出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。

关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。

关系副词有：when, where, why等。18.1 关系代词引导的定语从句

关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。1）who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语和宾语。例如：

is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语）

he is the man whom/ that i saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）

2）whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）。例如： they rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。

please pass me the book whose（of which）cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。3）which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如： a prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在句中作宾语）

你拿的包快散了。（which / that在句中作宾语）18.2 关系副词引导的定语从句

关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。1）关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于介词+ which结构，因此常常和介词+ which结构交替使用。例如： there are occasions when（on which）one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。beijing is the place where（in which）i was born.北京是我的出生地。

is this the reason why（for which）he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？

2）that代替关系副词，可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和介+which引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略。例如：

his father died the year（that / when / in which）he was born.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。

he is unlikely to find the place（that / where / in which）he lived forty years ago.他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。18.3 判断关系代词与关系副词

方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如：

this is the mountain village where i stayed last year.这是我去年呆过的山村。ill never forget the days when i worked together with you.我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子。

判断改错：

（错）this is the mountain village where i visited last year.（错）i will never forget the days when i spent in the countryside.（对）this is the mountain village（which）i visited last year.（对）ill never forget the days（which）i spent in the countryside.习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。

方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。

例1.is this museum ___ you visited a few days age? a.where b.that c.on which d.the one 例2.is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held.a.where b.that c.on which d.the one 答案：例1 d，例2 a 例1变为肯定句： this museum is ___ you visited a few days ago.例2变为肯定句： this is the museum ___ the exhibition was held.在句1中，所缺部分为宾语，而where, that, on which都不能起到宾语的作用，只有the one既做了主句的表语，又可做从句的宾语，可以省略关系代词，所以应选d。

而句2中, 主、谓、宾俱全，从句部分为句子的状语表地点，既可用副词where，又因 in the museum词组，可用介词in + which 引导地点状语。而此题中，介词on 用的不对，所以选a。

关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词（who, whom, that, which, whose）；先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词（where 地点状语，when 时间状语，why 原因状语）。18.4 限制性和非限制性定语从句

1）定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。例如：

this is the house which we bought last month.这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。（限制性）

the house, which we bought last month, is very nice.这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。（非限制性）

2）当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的。例如：

charles smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year.查理?史密斯去年退休了，他曾经是我的老师。

my house, which i bought last year, has got a lovely garden.我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。

this novel, which i have read three times, is very touching.这本小说很动人，我已经读了三遍。

3）非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数。例如：

he seems not to have grasped what i meant, which greatly upsets me.他似乎没抓住我的意思，这使我心烦。

liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation.液态水变为蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发。

说明：关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。18.5 介词+关系词

1）介词后面的关系词不能省略。2）that前不能有介词。

3）某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的介词+关系词结构可以同关系副词when 和where 互换。例如：

this is the house in which i lived two years ago.这是我两年前住过的房子。this is the house where i lived two years ago.do you remember the day on which you joined our club? 还记得你加入我们俱乐部的那一天吗？

do you remember the day when you joined our club? 18.6 as, which 非限定性定语从句

由as, which 引导的非限定性定语从句，as和which可代整个主句，相当于and this或and that。as一般放在句首，which在句中。例如：

as we know, smoking is harmful to ones health.如我们所知，吸烟有害健康。

the sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.太阳使地球暖起来，这对我们人类很重要。

典型例题

1）alice received an invitation from her boss, ___came as a surprise.a.it b.that c.which d.he 答案c.此为非限定性从句，不能用 that修饰，而用which.，it 和he 都使后句成为句子，两个独立的句子不能单以逗号连接。况且选he句意不通。

2）the weather turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could expect.a.what b.which c.that d.it 答案b。which可代替句子，用于非限定性定语从句，而what不可。that 不能用于非限定性定语从句，it不为连词，使由逗号连接的两个句子并在一起在英语语法上行不通。3）it rained hard yesterday, ____ prevented me from going to the park..a.that b.which c.as d.it 答案b.as 和which在引导非限制性定语从句时，这两个关系代词都指主句所表达的整个意思，且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。但不同之处主要有两点：

（1）as 引导的定语从句可置于句首，而which不可。

（2）as 代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时，从句中的谓语必须是系动词；若为行为动词，则从句中的关系代词只能用which.。在本题中，prevent由于是行为动词，所以正确选项应为b。as 的用法

例1.the same„as；such„as 中的as 是一种固定结构, 和„„一样„„。例如： i have got into the same trouble as he（has）.我碰到了跟他一样的麻烦。

例2.as可引导非限制性从句，常带有正如。例如：

as we know, smoking is harmful to ones health.如我们所知，吸烟有害健康。as is known, smoking is harmful to ones health.as是关系代词。例1中的as作know的宾语；例2中，它充当从句的主语，谓语动词know要用被动式。

18.7 先行词和关系词二合一

1）whoever spits in public will be punished here.（whoever 可以用 anyone who 代替）

2）the parents will use what they have to send their son to technical school.（what 可以用all that代替）

18.8 what/whatever;that/what;who/whoever 1）what = the thing which；whatever = anything。例如： what you want has been sent here.你要的动词都送来了。

whatever you want makes no difference to me.不管你要什么，跟我没什么关系。