高三定语从句教案

高三定语从句教案（共8篇）

高三定语从句教案 篇1

高三英语定语从句复习教案

教学目标: 使学生理解并能够准确运用定语从句。教学准备:

1、关于定语从句的典型习题

2、包含定语从句的趣味性较强的短文。

3、ppt课件 教学步骤：

一、基础知识回顾

教师通过ppt课件展示如下例句：

1.The meeting that(which, /)you have missed yesterday was very important.2.I like the books which / that were written by Lu Xun.3.The old man who(whom, /,that)we visited yesterday is a famous artist.4.The girl who（that）is making a speech right now is our monitor.5.The old lady whose two daughters are both teachers is our neighbour。6.I still remember the day when I first came to the school.7.The time when we got together finally came.8.Shanghai is the city where I was born.9.The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.教师引导学生大声朗读这些例句，共同回顾定语从句的语法特征：

1.先行词指物时，定语从句的关系词可用that和which，that 和which在从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时关系词可以省略。

2.先行词指人时，定语从句的关系词可用that, who和whom，that和who在从句中作主语或宾语，whom在从句中只能做宾语，关系词做宾语时可以省略。

3.当先行词为时间名词，关系词在从句作状语时，关系词使用when。

对比：I will never forget the day when I stayed with her.I will never forget the day that I spent in that small village.4.当先行词为地点名词或相当于地点的名词，且关系词在从句中作状语时，关系词使用where.对比：This is the place which we once visited.This is the place where I was born.二、定语从句的特殊形式

教师通过ppt课件展示如下例句：

1.Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year.2.My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden.3.The girl about whom they were talking is our monitor.4.The book in which（where）there are many interesting things was written by Li Ming.5.The house whose windows(the windows of which/of which the window)face south belongs to me.6.We are willing to do anything that is good to the people.7.I have told them all(that)I know.8.All that can be done has been done.9.The first book that I read last night was an English novel.10.This is one of the most interesting films that I have ever seen.11.This is the best that can be done now.12.We know nothing about the doctors and the hospitals that you are talking about.13.There are sheep and men that can be seen on the hill.14.This is the only book that can be lent to you.教师引导学生大声朗读这些例句，共同回顾定语从句的如下语法特征：

1.在非限制性定语从句中，先行词和从句间有逗号隔开。that不能引导非限制性定语从句。2.关系词whom和which前可以加介词。

This is the book I am looking for.(由于look for 为固定短语，意为“寻找”，而look和for分开时意思发生变化，所以本句不能改为This is the book for which I am looking.)3.关系词只能用that,不能用which的情况：（1）先行词为不定代词，如All、much、anything、everything、nothing、something、none、the one等。（2）先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰。（3）先行词是形容词最高级或被最高级修饰。（4）如果有两个或两个以上分别表示人和物的先行词时(先行词既有人又有物)，定语从句的关系代词用which和who都不合适，只能用that。（5）如果先行词被the only、the very、the last、the same、any、few、little、no、all、one of、just修饰。

三、which和as的特殊用法

教师通过ppt课件展示如下例句：

1．He was late again, as / which we had expected.=As we had expected, he was late again.2．The street hasn’t been cleared for weeks, which makes it very dirty.（不用as）3.As is known to all(As we know), the earth turns around the sun.教师引导学生大声朗读这些例句，共同回顾定语从句的如下语法特征：

as 和which可以引导非限制性定语从句，指代一句话，翻译为“这一点，这件事”。as和which在从句可做主语和宾语，as引导的此类定语从句既可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后，which引导的此类定语从句只能放在主句之后。as做主语时，通常后面跟有be动词。

四、教师通过ppt出示短文，引导学生通过语篇体会定语从句的用法。

五、定语从句专项

六、教师小结，对定语从句的重点、难点内容进行强调。

高三定语从句教案 篇2

在高三英语复习的过程中,要将定语从句的复习分为三个阶段,分别插入到单轮复习中中进行。

第一,在一轮复习中,可以将重点放在回顾知识方面。

首先,将定语从句的复习分类进行。如:限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句;“介词+which/whom”和没有介词的定语从句;等等。这样做的目的是让学生对定语从句的把握更为清晰和准确。教师在指导学生进行复习时,一定要在注意将tha与which的区别讲清楚,并通过习题进行检测;还要讲介词的使用作为一个重点进行讲解,因为介词的选择也是定语从句考察的一个方面;此外,whose的讲解和使用也不容忽视。然后,还要讲到which用来指代一句话的用法,这也是一个需要重点复习并且熟练进行练习的关键点之一。

如:通过做题,总结出先行词是物得情况下只能用that,不能用which的情况。

*There isn’t much that I can do.

*The book is the best that I have ever read.

*It is the third one that I’ve bought.

*Is this the very museum that you visited the other day?

*They talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school.

*Who that you have ever seen can beat him in the game?

第二,在二轮复习中,可以将重点放到整体运用方面。

在此阶段,不要再像第一阶段时选用知识点分别处理,而是要将重点放到整体把握之中,也就是要进行综合题的练习。教师在选择练习题时,可以把定语从句的练习与其它语法项目(如名词性定语从句)结合起来的方法,目的是让学生不再是孤立地进行定语从句训练,而是要辨析和思考,更为接近高考的全真题。因此,近几年高考原题就可以作为本阶段的重点训练题。

如:综合题,可以与填空的形式或选择的形式或两者相结合的方式进行训练。

*An old gentleman(1)eyesight was falling came to stay in a hotel room with a bottle of wine in each hand.On the wall,there was a fly(2)he took for a nail.So(3)he hung them on,the bottles fell broken and the wine spilt all over the floor.When a waitress discovered(4)ad happened,she showed deep sympathy for him and decided to do him a favor.So the next morning(5)he was out taking a walk in the roof garden,she hammered a nail exactly(6)the fly had stayed.

如:高考题。一定要让学生中掌握和感受到高考的考察点和角度。

*Chan’s restaurant on Baker Street,used to be poorly run,is now a successful business.

A.that B.which C.who D.where

*They will fly to Washington,______they plan to stay for two or three days.

A.where B.there C.which D.when

*In an hour,we can travel to places______would have taken our ancestors days to reach.

A.where B.when C.which D.what

第三,在三轮复习中,可以将重点重新放回到“查漏补缺”,即:专门针对定语从句的某个方面。

由于每个学校、每个班级、甚至是每个学生都不同,所以要求学生将自己定语从句复习中不足和弱点进行整理,教师根据具体情况进行指导性教学。在此阶段,教师一定要多多关注不同学生的要求,千万不能“一刀切”,要“有的放矢,逐个击破”。

如:有的学生对于介词+which不能掌握。

*Wind power is an ancient source of energy_______we may return in the near future.

A.on which B.by which C.to which D.from which

*Gun is a subject______Americans have argued for a long time.

A.of which B.with which C.about which D.into which

那么就需要对此类题在进行强化练习,找出学生犯错的原因给与指导,并且可以通过让学生自己来讲解的方式来让学生充分理解和把握其中的要点,更好地去复习。

总之,以上就是一些笔者在教学中使用并行之有效的方法,希望对同行有借鉴作用,更为重要的是以此来指导高三学生在英语复习中对语法进行攻克,更好地服务于其它英语能力的提高,取得更好的成绩,增强学生学习的信心。

参考文献

[1]戴炜栋,任庆梅。语法教学的新视角:外显意识增强式任务模式。外语界,2006(01)。

[2]胡鉴明。我国应用交际教学法的多层思考。中小学英语教学与研究,2002(03)。

[3]孙惠清。浅谈英语语法教学的"拔苗助长"问题和对策。基础教育外语教学研究,2008(05)。

[4]王正勋。谈“介词+关系代词”型定语从句。中小学外语教学(中学)。2009:32(12)。

[5]周遥。语法教学新视角:过程型语法教学。基础教育外语教学研究,2008(03)。

高三定语从句教案 篇3

一、 定语从句的概念

定语从句是在复合句中修饰主句中某一名词、代词或句子的从句。它所修饰的词叫做先行词。关系词既引导从句又代替先行词在从句中充当句子成分。（因此从句中不能再出现关系代词或关系副词所替代的名词、代词或词组。）

二、 定语从句的分类

定语从句有两种：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。它们的区别是： ① 形式上，非限制性定语从句与主句之间用逗号分开；而限制性定语从句与主句之间不用。 ② 意义上，限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的定语，如果省去，主句的意思就不完整或不明确；非限制性定语从句只是对先行词作附加说明，如果省去，主句的意思仍然清楚。 ③ 语法上，限制性定语从句可以用that引导；非限制性定语从句不用that而用which引导。 ④ 限制性定语从句的关系词作宾语时可省略；非限制性定语从句的关系词作宾语时不可省略，介词后的关系词也不能省略。 ⑤ 限制性定语从句一般只修饰先行词；非限制性定语从句可以修饰先行词，也可以修饰其前面的整个句子或句子的一部分。例如： ① She failed in the exam again， which made her mother very angry. ② I have finished the novel that you lent me yesterday. ①是非限制性定语从句，关系代词which代指前面的整个句子，不能用that也不能省略，去掉从句句意完整。 ②是限制性定语从句，先行词是the novel， 在定语从句中担当动词lent的直接宾语，若去掉从句则句意不明确。

三、 定语从句中的主谓一致

注意下面例子中定语从句中的主谓一致：

1. I， who am your best friend， can give you a hand when you are in trouble. （先行词是I， 所以从句中的be动词该用am）

2. There are 40 students， two thirds of whom are league members. （先行词是students， 动词用复数）

3. He is one of the boys who/that are diligent. （先行词是the boys， 所以谓语动词用复数）

4. He is the only one of the boys who/that is lazy. （先行词是the only one， 所以谓语动词用单数）

四、 定语从句与名词性从句的区别

名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 ① 名词性从句中的that是连接词，它没有任何意义仅起连接作用，在从句中不担当句子成分。而定语从句中的that是关系代词，它必须在从句中担当句子成分； ② 名词性从句中的when、 where、 why、 who、 which等是特殊疑问词，其前无名词或代词做先行词。例如：

1. As is known to everyone， the moon travels round the earth once every month. （定语从句， as在从句中作主语，且代指后面整个句子的内容）

2. It is known to everyone that the moon travels round the earth once every month. （主语从句， that是连接词，它仅起引导作用，不做句子成分）

五、 定语从句与强调句型的区别

强调句型是： it is/was/could be ... + 强调部分 + that/who + 句子剩余部分。判断是否是强调句型最简单的办法是：把it is/was和that/who去掉后，还能还原成一个完整的句子就是强调句型，否则就不是。而定语从句里的that/who是关系代词要担当句子成分。

六、 定语从句与状语从句的区别

状语从句中，容易与定语从句相混淆的是where引导的地点状语从句、 when引导的时间状语从句和that引导的结果状语从句。

1. 看有无先行词

当where， when引导定语从句时，其前必定有一个地点名词或时间名词。但当where， when引导地点状语和时间状语从句时，则会有两种情况：一种情况是从句前没有名词，另一种是从句前有名词，但从句并不修饰该名词。例如， ① Bamboo grows well at the places where there is plenty of rain. ② Bamboo grows well where there is plenty of rain. 例①中where前有表地点的名词places， 故为定语从句。例②中的where前则没有表示地点的名词，根据句意，应为地点状语从句。

2. 引导词不同

当定语从句的先行词前面有so/such修饰时，常用as替代that/which作引导词， 在从句中担任一定的句子成分，一般不省略。当状语从句中含有so/such ... that结构时，that是从属连词，引导结果状语从句，不担任句子成分。例如， This is such an interesting book as all of us want to read. 句中as引导的是定语从句，其中的关系代词as指代先行词book， 在定语从句中作动词read的宾语，但不能省略。而This is such an interesting book that all of us want to read it. 句中that引导的是结果状语从句， that在从句中不担任成分，因此从句中仍然保留了宾语it。

总之，定语从句是高中英语学习中的一个语法重点，学生做题时容易把一些形式上与定语从句相似的句型也当作定语从句来理解，结果产生错误。因此，从某个方面来说，解答定语从句题的关键是弄清它和易混淆句型之间的区别。

高三定语从句教案 篇4

(一)定语从句一般由关系代词和关系副词引导

1、关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that, as

2、关系副词：when, where, why

关系代词和关系副词必须位于从句之首，主句先行词之后，起着连接先行词和从句的作用， 同时在从句中又充当句子成分。

e.g. She is the girl who sings best of all.(关系代词who在从句中作主语)

The comrade with whom I came knows French.(whom在从句中作介词with的宾语)

3、关系代词和关系副词的用法：1)当先行词为人时用who 作主语，whom作宾语;2)当先行词为物或整个句子时用which ，可作主语或宾语;3)先行词为人、物时用that ，可作主语或宾语;4)whose用作定语，可指人或物;5)关系副词when(指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语，where(指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语)，why(指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语)。

(二)限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句

1、限制性定语从句：从句与主句关系密切，去掉从句，主句意义不完整，甚至不合逻辑。

e.g. I was the only person in our office who was invited.(去掉定语从句，意思就不完整)

2、非限制性定语从句：从句对先行词关系不密切，去掉定从句，意思仍然完整。形式上用逗号隔开，不能that用引导。

e.g. Tom’s father, who is over sixty, still works hard day and night.(who引导非限制性定语从句，整个句子可分成两句来翻译)

(三)使用定语从句时特别注意的几个问题

1、that与which的区别。

1)用that而不用 which的情况：①先行词为不定代词all, anything, nothing, …;②先行词有最高级修饰，有序数词修饰;③先行词有only, very, any等词修饰;④先行词既有人又有物时。

e.g. There is nothing that can prevent him from doing it. 没有什么能阻止他不干那件事。

The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill. 在桂林他们所参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。

This is the best film that I have ever seen. 这部电影是我看过的最好的一部。

Mr Smith is the only foreigner that he knows. 史密斯先生是他认识的唯一的外国人。

2)用which而不用 that的情况：①引导非限制性定语从句;②代表整个主句的意思;③介词 + 关系代词。

e.g. He had failed in the maths exam, which made his father very angry. 他数学考试没有及格，这使他的父亲很生气。

This is the room in which my father lived last year. 这是父亲去年居住过的房子。

3)as引导定语从句时的用法

①as引导限制性定语从句通常用于the same … as, such … as结构中。

e.g. I want the same shirt as my friend’s. 我要一件跟我朋友一样的衬衫。

Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China. 我们车间使用的这种机器是中国制造的。

②as引导非限制性定语从句既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，用来修饰整个句子。通常用下列句型：as is known to all, as is said, as is reported, as is announced, as we all know, as I expect 等。

e.g. As I expected, he got the first place again in this mid-term examination. 正如我所预料的那样，他在这次期中考试中又获得了第一名。

3)as 引导非限制性定语从句时与which的区别

①当主句和从句语义一致时，用as;反之，用which来引导非限制性定语从句。

e.g. He made a long speech, as we expected.

He made a long speech, which was unexpected.

②当非限制定语从句为否定时，常用which引导。

e.g. Tom drinks a lot every day, which his wife doesn’t like at all.

2. 关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词单数还是用复数应由先行词决定。

e.g. The man who lives downstairs speaks English fluently. 住在楼下的那个人英语说得很流利。

The students who are in Grade Three are going to climb the hill tomorrow.

3. 定语从句有时不直接紧靠先行词，中间由一个定语、状语或谓语隔开。

e.g. There is an expression in his eyes that I can’t understand.

4. 引导定语从句的关系副词有时可以用“介词 + which”来代替。

e.g. October 1, 1949 was the day on which ( = when ) the People’s Republic of China was founded.

5. 当定语从句中谓语动词是带介词或副词的固定短语动词时，短语动词的各个固定部分不要拆开。

e.g. The sick man whom she is looking after is her father.

6. 介词在关系代词前，只能用which和whom，且不能省略;介词在句尾，关系代词可有which, that, whom, 口语中也可用who，且可省略。

e.g. The man (whom/ who/ that) you were talking about has come to school.

练习、定语从句

一、把下列每对句子合并成含有定语从句的主从复合句：

1. The fan is on the desk. You want it.

2. The man is in the next room. He brought our textbooks here yesterday.

3. The magazine is mine. He has taken it away.

4. The students will not pass the exam . They don’t study hard.

5. The woman is our geography teacher. You saw her in the park.

6. The letter is from my sister. I received it yesterday.

7. The play was wonderful. We saw it last night.

8. The train was late. It was going to Nanning.

9. The boy is my brother. He was here a minute ago.

10. The tree is quite tall. He is climbing it.

11. Here is the girl. Her brother works in this shop.

12. That’s the child. We were looking at his drawing just now.

13. This is the boy. His sister is a famous singer.

14. I want to talk to the boys. Their homework haven’t been handed in.

15. Is that the woman? Her daughter is in my class.

16. He used to live in a big house. In front of it grew many banana trees.

17. They passed a factory. At the back of the factory there were rice fields.

18. The soldier ran to the building. On the top of it flew a flag.

19. In the evening they arrived at a hill. At the foot of the hill there was a temple.

20. She came into a big room. In the middle of it stood a large table.

二、根据句子意思，在第一个空白处填入介词，在第二个填入关系代词whom或which:

1. The person ________ ________ I spoke just now is the manager that I told you about.

2. The pencil ________ ________ he was writing broke.

3. Wu Dong, ________ ________ I went to the concert, enjoyed it very much.

4. The two things ________ ________ Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms of English.

5. Her bag, ________ ________ she put all her books, has not been found.

6. The stories about the Long March, ________ ________ this is one example, are well written.

三、选择填空：

1. The man ____ visited our school yesterday is from London.

A. who B. which C. whom D. when

2. The woman ____ is talking to my mother is a friend of hers.

A. whose B. who C. whom D. which

3. Because of my poor memory, all ____ you told me has been forgotten.

A. that B. which C. what D. as

4. Do you remember those days ____ we spent along the seashore very happily?

A. when B. where C. which D. who

5. Tom did not take away the camera because it was just the same camera ____ he lost last week.

A. which B. that C. whom D. as

6. Those ____ want to go please sign their names here.

A. whom B. which C. who D. when

7. Where is the man ____ I met this morning?

A. when B. where C. which D. who

8. Who is the woman ____ is sweeping the floor over there?

A. who B. / C. that D. when

9. The man ____ you talked just now is a worker.

A. who B. whom C. to whom D. to who

10. The man ____ you are going to make friends is my father’s neighbour.

A. with whom B. when C. to whom D. which

11. The doctor ____ is leaving for Africa next month.

A. the nurse is talking to him B. whom the nurse is talking

C. the nurse is talking to D. who the nurse is talking

12. The man ____ around our school is from America.

A. which you showed B. you showed him C. you showed D. where you showed

13. He talked about a hero ____ no one had ever heard.

A. of whom B. from whom C. about that D. who

14. In fact the Swede did not understand the three questions ____ were asked in French.

A. where B. who C. in which D. which

15. Have you read the book ____ I lent to you?

A. that B. whom C. when D. whose

16. Finally, the thief handed over everything ____ he had stolen to the police.

A. that B. which C. whatever D. all

17. The foreign guests, ____ were government officials, were warmly welcomed at the airport.

A. most of them B. most of that C. most of whom D. most of those

18. This is the very letter ____came last night.

A. who B. which C. that D. as

19. I know only a little about this matter; you may ask ____ knows better than I.

A. whoever B. whomever C. anyone D. the one

20. This is the school ____ we visited three days ago.

A. where B. / C. when D. what

21. This is the factory ____ we worked a year ago.

A. where B. that C. which D. on which

22. Nearby were two canoes ____ they had come to the island.

A. which B. in which C. that D. /

23. Jack is pleased with ____ you have given him and all ____ you have told him.

A. that, what B. what, that C. which, what D. that, which

24. Do you work near the building ____ colour is yellow?

A. that B. which C. its D. whose

25. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ____ she could turn for help.

A. whom B. who C. to whom D. form whom

26. Is this school ____ we visited three years ago?

A. the one B. which C. that D. where

27. Is this the school ____ we visited three years ago?

A. the one B. where C. in which D. /

28, How many students are there in your class ____ homes are in the country?

A. whose B. who C. whom D. which

29. Alice received an invitation from her boss, ____ came as a surprise.

A. it B. which C. that D. he

30. The train was crowded and I had to get into a carriage ____ already seven other people.

A. when there were B. which there were C. that there were D. where there were

31. I live in the house ____ windows face south.

A. which B. whose C. where D. in that

32. ---- What game is popular with them? ---- The ____ most is tennis.

A. game they like it B. game they like C. best game they like D. best game they like it

33. They stayed with me three weeks, ____ they drank all the wine I had.

A. which B. which time C. during which time D. during which

34. The room ____ Mr White lives is not very large.

A. that B. which C. where D. when

35. Don’t forget the day ____ you were received into the Youth League.

A. when B. that C. at which D. where

36. I’ve finished writing the novel, ____ is to be published next month.

A. that B. what C. which D. when

37. He returned home safe and sound after a fierce battle, ____ was unexpected.

A. which B. as C. that D. it

38. ____ we is known to all, English is not very difficult to learn.

A. What B. As C. That D. Which

39. The old man had three sons, all of ____ died during World War Ⅱ.

A. whose B. that C. whom D. who

40. I have bought two pens, ____ write well.

A. none of which B. neither of which C. both of which D. all of which

41. Do you know the reason ____ she has changed her mind?

A. why B. which C. for that D. of which

42. He failed in the exam, ____ proves that he wasn’t working hard enough.

A. which B. what C. it D. that

43. During the week ____ he tried to collect materials for his article.

A. following B. followed C. to follow D. that followed

44. ____ was expected, he succeeded in the exam.

A. It B. Which C. As D. That

45. He studied hard and later became a well-known writer, ____ his father expected.

A. that was what B. what was that C. and which was D. which was what

46. We should read such books ____ will make us better and wiser.

A. when B. as C. whose D. what

47. You must show my wife the same respect ____ you show me.

A. when B. as C. whose D. what

48. He is absent ____ is often the case.

A. what B. which C. who D. as

49. It is the first time ____ I have come to your city.

A. that B. which C. what D. when

50. Who ____ has the same idea as it will do it in this way.

A. who B. that C. whom D. which

51. I shall never forget those years ____ I lived in the country with the farmers, ____ has a great effect on my life.

A. that, which B. when, which C. which, that D. when, who

52. This is the only book ____ I can find.

A. that B. which C. it D. with which

53. I don’t like ____ you speak to her.

A. the way B. the way in that C. the way which D. the way of which

54. That is one of those books that ____ worth reading.

A. is B. are C. has D. have

55. This is the only one of the students whose handwriting ____ the best.

A. is B. are C. has D. have

56. There was ____ to prevent the accident.

A. something could do B. anything we could do

C. nothing we couldn’t do D. nothing we could do

参考答案

语法复习四：定语从句

一、1. The fan that you want is on the desk. 2. The man who brought our textbooks here yesterday is in next room. 3. The magazine which he has taken away is mine. 4. The students who don’t study hard will not pass the exam. 5. The woman you saw in the park is our geography teacher. 6. The letter I received yesterday is from my sister. 7. The play that we saw last night was wonderful. 8. The train which was going to Nanning was late. 9. The boy who was here a minute ago is my brother. 10. The tree he is climbing is quite tall. 11. Here is the girl whose brother works in this shop. 12. That’s the child whose drawing we were looking at just now. 13. This is the boy whose sister is a favous singer. 14. I want to talk to the boy whose homework hasn’t been handed in. 15. Is that the woman whose daughter is in my class? 16. He used to live in a big house, in front of which grew many banana trees. 17. They passed a factory, at the back of which there were rice fields. 18. The soldier ran to the building, on the top of which flew a flag. 19. In the evening they arrived at a hill, at the foot of which there was a temple. 20. She came into a big room, in the middle of which stood a large table.

二、1. to whom; 2. wiht which; 3. with whom; 4. about which; 5. in which; 6. of which

三、1~5 ABACD 6~10 CDCCA 11~15 CCADA 16~20 ACCAB 21~25 ABBDC

26~30 ADABD 31~35 BBDCA 36~40 CABCC 41~45 AADCD 46~50 BBDAB

初中英语定语从句教案 篇5

一、设计背景

1、 初步掌握及运用定语从句，如让学生用定语从句来完成对人物喜欢的人物进行描述，如I like music that I can dance to. She is the only one who’s studying French.等。

2、本课的学习任务就是能初步掌握及运用定语从句，为了使学生顺利地完成教学任务，教师以学生为主体，为学生设计了几个以他们的认知水平出发的符合生活实际的他们感兴趣的一环扣一环的子任务，每个子任务紧紧围绕总任务展开，再深入，在一个一个完成任务的活动中培养学生的能力。

二、教学目标

（1）语言目标：能用定语从句较自如地描述及谈论人和物。在活动中训练学生的听力，口头表达能力，培养学生的观察，想象和创造力。

（2）情感目标：促进同学间积极合作交流，发展同学间的友谊 。

2、教学方法：多媒体的运用能创设真实的语言情景，学生也很感兴趣，极大地鼓动了学生学习英语的积极性，而且呈现在课堂上能使教学更生活化，也更直观和具体。

三、教学方法

以学生为主体，用多媒体辅助教学，通过帮助学生理解、归纳、总结、讨论等方式学习定语从句，由于本节课是学生第一次系统学习定语从句，要达到让学生初步掌握定语从句这一目的。

四、学法指导、自主学习、合作学习

五、教学过程

第一环节： 观察以下例句：

1、The red pen is broken.

2、The pen on the desk is broken.

3、The pen that I bought yesterday is broken.

导入：通过对定语的理解，导入定语、定语从句的概念，定语：用来修饰名词或代词的词、短语或句子，当修饰词是一个句子时被称为定语从句。通常置于它所修饰的词之后，这种被修饰的词叫做先行词，引导定语从句的关联词为关系代词和关系副词，关系代词在定语从句中可用作主语、宾语、定语等，关系副词在定语从句中只用作状语。

例句分析：

I like to have friends who are like me.

I like to have friends who are different from me.

He is the only one who is studying French.

Be careful of the person who doesn’t speak and the dog that doesn’t bark.

You can’t wake up a person who pretends to sleep.

He who can’t get to the Great Wall is not a true man.

I like musicians who play different kinds of music.

Another that he found very difficult is grammar.

The other day, my friends and I talked about the rules that we have in school.

Being a professional athlete is the only thing that I have ever wanted to do.

I like music that I can sing along with.

I like music that has great lyrics.

I like music that I can dance to.

得出结论1)当先行词是物时

a. 关系代词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语时，用which/that引导，且不能省略.

b. 关系代词代替先行词在定语从句中作宾语时，用which/that引导，且可以省略.

2)当先行词是人时

a. 关系代词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语时，用who/that引导，且不能省略.

b. 关系代词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语时，用who/that/whom引导，且可以省略.

第二环节：

在学生对定语从句有了初步的了解后，创设情境，学以致用，让学生分组活动，根据多媒体呈现的情境，有创造性地造句：

This is a singer who/that …

who is a boy.

who is very shy.

who writes his own songs.

who has a song called Qinghuaci.

Who I like best.

It’s an animal that/which is very strong.

It’s an animal that/which has long nose and big ears.

It’s an animal that/which I like very much.

第三环节：

在学生对一般的规律都把握好以后，把学生的易错点和定语从句的考点呈现在屏幕上，让学生仔细观察并作出总结，该环节设计得很好，很好地训练了学生的观察能力和主动探究的能力，效果较好。

仔细观察：你会发现什么？

1) I prefer shoes that are cool.

2) I like a pizza that is really delicious.

3) I love singers who are beautiful.

4) I have a friend who plays sports.

学生观察后得出的结论为：

who/that在定语从句中做主语时,谓语动词的单复数应与先行词保持一致。

第四环节：小节本堂课的.内容

什么是定语 ？

什么是定语从句？

定语从句的结构是什么？

关系词有几重作用？

此环节让学生对所学的知识加以升华，并在大脑里形成知识框架，把知识系统化。

第五环节：巩固练习

以检查学生是否真正掌握本堂课的知识，实践证明，学生掌握得很好。

第六环节：合作探究

留给学生的问题

1、如果先行词既有人又有物，用什么关系词？

2、如果先行词是时间，用什么关系词？

3、如果先行词是地点，用什么关系词？

4、关系词whose怎么用？

通过此环节给学生留下思维拓展的空间，也为以后的学习做好铺垫，体现学习的延续性。

课堂小结：通过例子让学生总结定语从句的规律和特点，同时总结不同关系词的用法。在这节课中，学生对定语从句这一语法项目有了不同程度的巩固和深化。

六、课后反思：

优点：

本节课教学目标明确，条理清楚，板书设计合理，教学内容紧扣学生生活实际，学生在教师的引导下自主学习、合作学习，较好地归纳了定语从句的特殊用法，并能用定语从句写文章，完成了学习任务。

不足：

1、在引入部分没有充分引导学生把他们描述图片的简单句用关系词合并为定语从句。

2、最后一个环节用定语从句翻译文章时间安排不足，应多用二至三分钟的时间对学生的翻译进行进一步分析总结，让学生提出更多的修改意见。教学机智：本节课学生在归纳特殊用法时，提出了设计内容之外的规律，教师能给予肯定，并提出在下一教学环节进一步讨论。能够放手让学生发表不同的意见，并适时进行点播。

高三定语从句教案 篇6

一、考点聚焦

1、功能：相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语

2、位置：定语从句置于被修饰词之后

Those who are willing to attend the party, sign here please.3、先行词：被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词

（1）先行词一般是名词和不定代词，如:some-, any-, every-和no与-boy,-thing的合成词；或all、none、any、some、that、those等代词。数词也可以作先行词，人称代词也同样可作先行词。

（2）先行词与关系词是等量关系。必须注意两点：

①先行词在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的数由先行词而定。This is the place which is worth visiting.②关系词在从句句子中充当了成分，其意思就是先行词的意义，所以在从句中不能重复其意。

There are many places we can visit（them）in China.4、关系词：引导定语从句的都称关系词

关系代词：who, whom, which, that, whose, as。关系副词：when, where, why。that偶尔也作关系副词。

5、确定关系词的步骤

（1）先找关系词，看先行词指的是什么。（2）看关系词在从句中所充当的成分。

6、在定语从句中，当先行词指物时，下列情况的关系词宜用that而不用which（1）先行词被①形容词最高级 ②序数词 ③数词几种词修饰或被 ④only、any、few、little、no、all、one of等修饰时。

（2）先行词为all、much、little、none、few、one、something、anything等不定代词时。

（3）先行词中既有人又有物时。

He was looking pleasantly at te children and parcels that filled his bus.用心 爱心 专心 1

（4）先行词在主句中作表语关系词在从句中作表语时。The village is no longer the one that was 5 years ago.（5）当主句中含有疑问词which时。

Which are the books that you bought for me ?

7、宜用which而不用that的情况（1）在非限制性定语从句中（2）在关系词前有介词时（3）当先行词本身是that时（4）当关系词离先行词较远时

8、关系词who与that指人时，也有不同情况分别用不同的关系词（1）当主句是there be句型时，关系词用who。

（2）先行词是为anyone、those、someone、everyone、one等词时，关系词用who。（3）当主句是who作疑问词时，关系词用that。Who is that girl that is standing by the window?（4）whom在从句中只作宾语，可被who取代。

9、whose作关系词既指人又指物，在从句中作定语。如： Do you know Mr.Smith whose story is very moving ? There is a room, whose window faces the river.There is a room, the window of which faces the river.10、关系代词as,在从句中作主语、宾语和表语。

（1）先行词被such和the same修饰，或句型as many（much）中，从句都用as 引导。Such books as you bought are useful.The school is just the same as it was 10 years age.注意：区别①such „ that „ 引导的结果状语从句。They are such lovely children that we love them much.②the same „ that „ 引导定语从句。I want to use the same tool that you used just now.（2）无先行词的定语从句用as和which引导。

区别：①意义上：as 含有“这点正如„„一样”。②位置上：as 从句可置句首，也可在另处。

He didn’t pass the exam, as we had expected.用心 爱心 专心

There is lots of air in loose snow, which can keep the cold out.As is known, the earth is round, not flat.11、关系副词when与where、why、that when 指时间 = in / at / on / during which where指地点 = in / at / from / which why指原因 = for which 当先行词为way、day、reason、time时，可用that作关系副词。（非正式场合）I don’t like the way that / in which / he talks.当time作先行词时，关系词可以省掉。

This is the first time I have given you a lesson in French.12、必须注意的问题

（1）关系词作主语时，从句中谓语的数。（2）注意区别定语从句与强调句。①定语从句中关系词作从句成分，复合句。②强调it无意义，that / who不是引导词。

③强调it is / was和that / who后如果句子意思讲得通则是强调句，讲不通则不是。It is the museum that / which we visited last year.(定语从句)It was in the hotel that we stayed last night.（强调句）（3）定语从句与同位语从句的区别。

①定语从句引导词被称为关系词，that充当主语、宾语、表语。有时可省略。②同位语从句引导词被叫做连词，that不能充当任何成分，不可省。Word came that their army was defeated.(同位语)We expressed to them our wish that was the same as their.(定语)（4）关系词在从句中省略的情况。①关系词作宾语，前无介词时。②关系词作表语。

（5）限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的翻译。

（6）关系词前有介词或复杂介词，关系词只能是which和whom。（7）几个特殊的定语从句句型：

①He is the only one of the students who has got very good marks

用心 爱心 专心

in the match.（句中one为先行词）

He is one of the students who have got good marks in the match.（句中students为先行词）

②Is this place the one(that)we visited yesterday? Is this the place(that / which)we visited yesterday ? ③He stood at the window, from where he could see what was happening.④It may rain, in which case the match will be put off.二、精典名题导解 选择填空

1.The film brought the hours back to me _________ I was taken good care of in that faraway village.（NMET 2001）

A.until B.that C.when D.where 解析：答案为C。本题考查分隔定语从句的关系词的选择。作好本题的关键是要能辨认出该定语从句的先行词the hours和关系词被介词短语to me所分隔。定语从句的先行词是表时间的名词hours, 并且关系词在从句中用作状语，故应选择表示时间的关系副词when。

2.___________ is known to everybody, the noon travels around the earth once every month.(NMET 2001)A.It B.As C.That D.What 解析：答案为B。本题考查as引导的非限制定语从句。as作“正如„„”解时，引导的非限制性定语从句来修饰整个句子。当as在从句中作主语时，常用于下列短语：as is known、as is said、as is reported、as is announced等。要注意掌握作关系代词引导定语从句的用法。

3.After living in Pairs for fifty years he returned to the small town ___________ he grew up as a child.(NMET 1996)A.which B.where C.that D.when 解析：答案为B。本题考查限制性定语从句中关系词的选择。定语从句的先行词是表示地点的名词短语the small town, 且关系词不作定语从句中的主语和宾语而作地点状语，因此定语从句必须用关系副词where引导。要注意分清先行词在从句中充当的成分，然后选择适当的关系词。

4.The English play my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great

用心 爱心 专心

success.A.for which B.at which C.in which D.on which 解析：答案为C。考定语从句。主句部分应是The English play at the New Year’s party was a great success.从句补全为独立句子应是my students acted in the play。所以应选in which，其余介词不妥。

5.There were dirty marks on her trousers she had wiped her hands.A.where B.which C.when D.that 解析：答案为A。本题考地点状语从句，用where引导。句意是“她的裤子上她擦过手的地方有脏痕”。此处不能用时间状语从句，排除C，本题易被误认为考定语从句，意为“在她擦过手的裤子上有脏痕”。定语从句修饰trousers，也只能用where。B和D可引导定语从句，但只作主、宾等成分。定语从句缺少状语，不缺主语、宾语，故不可用。

6.The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, the sailing time was 226 days.A.of which B.during which C.from which D.for which 解析：答案为A。本题考定语从句，关系代词which指代the journey，定语从句恢复为独立句子应是：The sailing time of the journey was 226 days,故选of which。

浅析定语从句 篇7

一、定语从句的概念

在复合句中, 修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。它相当于形容词, 起定语的作用。被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。例如:

The man who is sitting by the window is my teacher.正坐在窗边的那位是我的老师。

二、定语从句的分类

根据定语从句与先行词的关系, 定语从句可以分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词, 主句与从句不用逗号隔开, 从句不可省略, 非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号隔开, 起着补充说明的作用, 如果省略, 意思仍然完整。例如:

Madame Curie was a woman we admired.居里夫人是我们崇拜的女性。

He invited us to dinner, which was very kind of him.他请我们去吃饭, 这是他难得的好意。

三、定语从句的关系词

引导定语从句的关系词分为关系代词和关系副词, 常见的关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose等, 关系副词有where, when, why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用, 同时又作定语从句的重要成分。关系词常有3个作用: (1) 引导定语从句。 (2) 代替先行词。 (3) 在定语从句中担当一个成分。

四、关系代词的用法

1. that既可以用于指人, 也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语, 作主语时不可省略, 作宾语可省略。例如:

The animal that is lost is a panda.丢失的动物是只熊猫。 (作主语)

The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。 (作宾语)

2. which用于指物, 在句中作主语或宾语, 作主语不可省略, 作宾语可省略。例如:

The building which stands near the post office is a supermarket.位于邮局附近的那座大楼是一家超市。 (作主语)

The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful.我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。 (作宾语)

3. who, whom用于指人, who用作主语, whom用作宾语。在口语中, 有时可用who代替whom, 也可省略。例如:

I have found a man who can help you.我找到了一个能帮助你的人。 (作主语)

This is the teacher whom we like best.这是那位我们都很喜欢的老师。 (作宾语)

4. 特殊情况

(1) 当定语从句中含有介词, 介词放在句末时, who, that, which可以省略, 但介词在关系代词前时, 只能用“介词+which/whom”结构, 作介宾。例如:

This is the house in which we lived last year.这是我们去年居住的房子。

She is the girl?with whom I went there.她是那个跟我一起去那儿的女孩。

(2) 含有介词的固定动词词组中, 介词不可前置, 只能放在原来的位置上。例如:

This is the person whom you are looking for.这就是你要找的那个人。

(3) that作介词的宾语时, 介词不能放它的前面, 只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如:

The city that she lives in is very far away.她居住的城市非常远。

(4) 关系词只能用that的情况:

a.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰, 或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时, 只能用that, 而不用which.例如:

This is the first letter that I’ve written in English.这是我用英语写的第一封信。

She is the most careful girl that I’ve ever known.她是我所知道的最细心的女孩。

b.被修饰的先行词为all, any, much, many, everything, anything, none, the one等不定代词时, 只能用that, 而不用which.例如:

I’ve read all the books that can be borrowed here.我已经读完了所有能从这里借到的书。

Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop?你在商店里有什么东西要买吗?

c.先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last, little, few等词修饰时, 只能用that, 而不用which.例如:

Li Ming is the only one that got full marks in our class.李明是我们班唯一一位拿满分的。

This is the same bike that I lost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。

d.先行词里同时含有人或物时, 只能用that, 而不用which.例如:

They talked about the people and places that they had visited.

他们讨论着关于他们见过的人和去过的地方。

e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句, 为避免重复, 只能用that.例如:

Who is the man that is waiting at the school gate?在学校门口等着的那个人是谁?

f.主句是there be结构, 修饰主语的定语从句用that, 而不用which.例如:

There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom.桌子上那本书是汤姆的。

(5) 关系词只能用which, 而不用that的情况:

a.先行词为that, those时, 用which, 而不用that.例如:

What’s that which is under the desk?在桌子底下的那些东西是什么?

b.关系代词前有介词时, 一般用which, 而不用that.例如:

This is the hotel in which you will stay.这是你们将要去住的旅店。

c.引导非限制性定语从句, 用which, 而不用that.例如:

I have lost the pen, which I like very much.我丢了只钢笔, 那是我很喜欢的一只。

五、关系副词的用法

(1) when指时间, 其先行词表示时间, 在句中作时间状语。例如:

Do you still remember the day when we first met?你还记得我们初次见面的日子吗?

The time when we studied together is not easily forgotten.我们不会忘记在一起学习的那段日子。

(2) where指地点, 其先行词表示地点, 在句中作地点状语。例如:

This is the house where I was born.这就是我在那儿出生的房子.

The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.那栋我十年前住过的房子已经拆了。

(3) why指原因, 其先行词是原因, 起原因状语作用。例如:

Nobody knows the reason why she looks unhappy today.没人知道她今天为什么不高兴。

高三定语从句教案 篇8

【关键词】限制性 非限制性 定语从句

定语从句都是放在名词或代词的后面，它是一种有关系词引导的分局结构形式。起到修饰名词的作用。如何根据结构形式和语境进行区分，此定语从句是限制性定居从句，还是非限制性定居从句，这是学习掌握定居从句的重点和难点。对于学生来说，因为既要克服汉语与英语的语言习惯和结构上的不同，还有就是定语从句复杂的句型结构和语义关系。本文对这两种定语从句进行了全面阐述，以便于让学生对限制性和非限制性定语从句有更加清晰的了解。

一、非限制性定语从句与限制性定语从句的区分

在对定语从句进行进一步的分类后，我们可以发现，定语从句一般可以分为最常见的限定性定语从句，以及不太容易辨别的非限定性定语从句。在对这两种不同的定语从句进行分析后，发现在去掉定语从句后，如果主句的意思并没有发生变化，则为非限定性定语从句。如果改变其主句的意思或者使主句有歧义，则此定语从句为限制性的。现就限定性的定语从句和非限定性的定语从句的区别进行以下简单的区分：

1.形式不同。在英语的口语中，限制性的定语从句常常在读的时候并不与主句分开，而是直接一体说的。而且在书写时，也不会用逗号分开。而在非限制性定语中一般会用逗号隔开从句与主句，在用口语表达时也会有停顿。

2.作用不同。由于限定性的定语从句在主句中有着相对重要的作用，是对主句进行限制的，所以它并不能简单缺失。在一个完整的语句中，我们可以试着去掉定语从句，如果语句的意思发生变化或者产生歧义，表达不清楚，则是限制性定语从句。反之，则为非限制性定语从句，非限制向定语从句是对主句中的先行词进行修饰，使之语句表达更顺畅，去掉它，并不会改变句子原来的意思，也不会产生歧义。

3.翻译不同。在常规的翻译中，我们的习惯是将非限定性的定语从句和主句进行分离，而至于限定性的定语从句，由于其所具有的限制性作用，我们往往会选择将它和主句进行整体的翻译，以保证整个句子的结构性和内容性都是完整的。

4.先行词不同。先行词同样也是一个能够很好区分限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句的好方法，在限定性的定语从句中，常常会使用名词，或者是带刺作为定语从句的先行词。而在非限定性的定语从句则不然，由于非限定性的定语从句的先行词的格式和要求相比之限定性定语从句的要求要少的多，所以非限定性定语从句的先行词可以是名词、代词，当然也可以是一个短语，甚至是一个较为简单的句子。总之，非限制性的定语从句对于先行词的要求要宽松的多。只有在那些具有特定含义，或者是专属性的名词作先行词时，我们才会选择使用限制性定语从句，其他通常都是非限定性的定语从句。

二、非限制性定语从句的定义和特点

对于限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句来说，限定分句是其本质，由于这种本质，在很多方面两者有相同或相似的地方。一般情况下，两者的引导词的类型以及句法功能基本一致，换言之，即用关系词或者做状语时用关系副词代替在从句中的主语或宾语的引导词。在非限制定语从句中需要格外进行注意的是，对于关系代词的把握，通常情况下，要使用as代替了that，具体是：as/which/ who /whom /whose；没有了关系副词why，但是why的句法功能由for + which 结构替代，具体为：Where / when / for which.

三、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的用法比较

限制性定语从句起到的是限定句法功能的作用，需要对先行词进行一定的修饰；先行词通常是不能被省略的，如果省略掉这些先行词，那么原句的意思就变得不完整了。非限制性定语从句则是对主句的一个强调补充作用，无论是整个语句还是对应的先行词都可以修饰。在书面语中，不能直接把限定性关系分句放在其修饰和限定的先行项后面，并且需要用逗号隔开。在口语中，在非限制性定义从句处，要有明显的停顿，分清主次。

众所周知，限制性的定语从句和非限制性定语从句在整句的作用主要是起到一个形容词的作用，意在修饰和限定。只不过，限制性定语从句在整个语句的含义中，不可被取代删除，而非限制性定语从句尽是修饰强调作用。因为这种原因，除了把非限制性定语从句用作修饰语修饰先行项外，根据整体语句需要，也可作为状语使用。也正是由于限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句的作用如此的丰富，才使得它们在英语语法中的作用得到了应有的加强。

四、总结

在英语限定从属分句中，关系分句是最重要的分句之一，同时也是在学习过程中最常用到的从句。当遇到关系分句的“关系词”的选择的问题时，很多地方容易让我们难以理解，因此我们应当特别注意。本文针对一个完整语句中的定语从句的不同种类做了全面的剖析，希望能够对学习者学习这类重要的从句时起到很好的引导作用。

参考文献：

[1]章振邦.新编英语语法教程[M].上海外语教育出版社，1995.6.

[2]蔡文萦.最新高级英汉词典[M].商务印书馆国际有限公司，1994.8.