初中英语“定语从句” 考点分类讲解

2024-11-06

初中英语“定语从句” 考点分类讲解（通用8篇）

初中英语“定语从句” 考点分类讲解篇1

定语从句是各地中考英语的必考内容之一，结合近几年的中考英语试题，给同学们总结了定语从句的考点并进行了全面的解析，在这里分享给大家，方便同学们考前的再复习。

首先大家要清楚，什么是定语从句？就是指在复合句中，修饰某一个名词或代词的从句，叫定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。同学们还要知道定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词。常见的关系代词包括that, which, who, whom, whose等。关系副词包括where, when, why等。接下来说一说，定语从句考查的重点：

1、考查关系代词与关系副词的用法。

选择关系代词还是关系副词的关键，取决于关系词在句中所充当的成分，如果关系词在从句中做主语，宾语，表语、定语时，只能用关系代词，如果关系词在从句中作状语，就用关系副词。看下面的例题解析：

考点归纳：英语从句中常见的关系代词，它们的用法分别是： 1）who用来指人，也就是说，它的先行词必须是人，在定语从句中充当主语或宾语。要注意的是who的前面不能有介词，如果带介词，就必须用宾格whom形式。大家看下面的例句：

2）whose是代词的所有格，它既可以指代人，也可以指代物，让它指代物的时候，相当于of which 例如，3）在限制性定语从句中，which, that可以通用，但有的时候只能用which，不用that看下面分析:

2、考查只能用that引导的定语从句，有下面几种情况：

3、考查which在非限定性从句中的用法。大家要先知道什么是非限定性定语从句，它是先行词的一个附加修饰语，是对先行词的补充说明，删掉它不影响整个句子的意思。那么限定性定语从句呢？它是用于修饰和限定先行词，与先行词之间的关系非常密切，如果去掉，剩下的那部分意思就含糊不清了。看下面的具体分析：

接下来我们，具体看一下，限定性从句和非限定性从句的区别，列表解释如下：

4、综合考查引导宾语从句的连词和引导定语从句的代词用法，例如：

5、考查简单句转化为含有定语从句的复合句，例句解析：

6、考查含有定语从句的复合句转化为简单句。

7、考查定语从句中动词的时态。

这类时态题在近几年各地中考试题中经常出现，在定语从句中考查动词的时态，是大家很难准确判断动词的时态。在解答这类题的时候，同学们一定要领会语境，然后再根据主句和从句中动词的先后顺序来确定动词的时态。看下面例题：

总之，定语从句知识点非常多，同学们在复习的时候，要牢固掌握这些基本考点，并进行适当的练习，中考一定会考得好成绩。

初中英语“定语从句” 考点分类讲解篇2

一、疑问句中考查定语从句

1. Is this the farm _____you visited last week?

A. whereB. the one

C. on whichD. /

【解析】答案是D。命题人经常利用疑问句的特殊结构来干扰学生的正确选择。遇到这类定语从句时，最好的办法是先把疑问句还原成陈述句，然后判断谁是先行词，再看关系词在定语从句中所充当的成分，最后确定正确答案。

二、倒装句中考查定语从句

2. We came to a place,_____ stood a big tower.

A. whichB. thatC. /D. where

【解析】正确答案是D。为了保持句子平衡，句子用了倒装语序。倒装的使用使定语从句的结构变得较为特殊，因此对于使用倒装语序的定语从句，应先把倒装语序还原成正常语序，这样句子结构就比较清晰了。

三、拆分词组和固定搭配

3. The second is connected with the use______the body makes of food.

A. of which B. where C. to do D. that

4. Why cant you realize the part_____ they have played in our life?

A. which B. on which C. when D. where

【解析】答案分别是D和A。一些词组和搭配被拆开后，句子的含义就变得难以理解。首先把拆开的词组复原是理解此类定语从句的关键。上述句子中包含以下词组：make use of, play a part (in)。

四、添加插入语或状语

5. The scientist has made another discovery,_____ I believe is of great importance.

A. thatB. /C. which_____D. why

【解析】应选择C。这类句子主要利用插入语或状语的添加来增加试题的难度。常见的插入语有： I think (suppose, expect, believe, imagine), in my opinion, to tell you the truth等。做这类题目时，最佳的办法是先删去插入语或状语，这样句子的主干部分就一目了然了。

五、插入非谓语动词

6. Is this the man_____ you want to have_____ the radio for me?

A. who; repairedB. that; repaired

C. whom; repairingD. that; repair

【解析】D项正确。非谓语动词是英语中难度较大的语法项目之一，因而在定语从句中加入非谓语动词就成了学生最易失分的题目。对付这类题目最有效的办法就是将句子还原。如：我们可以把几个句子中的定语从句进行还原，还原后的句子应是：You want to have the man repair the radio for me.

小试牛刀：

1. Was it in the shop_____ sold childrens clothing that you lost your wallet?

A. /B. whereC. thatD. when

2. Thank you for the difficulty_____ you have had painting the house.

A. whenB. /C. whyD. where

3. Is there anyone around the factory_____knows how to operate the computer?

A. whoB. whichC. whereD. in which

4. The managers discussed the plan_____they would like to see_____ the next year.

A. that; carried outB. who; carried out

C. which; carry outD. that; carrying out

5. She was much disappointed to see the beautiful cloth_____ she had made_____with lots of spots.

A. which; coverB. that; covered

C. /; coveringD. where; covering

6. Lincoln,_____ life was once hard, were elected President of American.

A. for whomB. whoC. to whomD. /

Keys: 1. C2. B3. A4. A5. B6. A

Ⅱ. 定语从句分类正误例析

一、成分重复类

【误】 The factory where we worked there last year was built in 1968.

【正】 The factory where we worked last year was built in 1968.

【析】别忘记定语从句的关系词在从句中必定充当某一成分。误句中的关系副词where在从句中作状语用，意味：“在那工厂”，再用there就重复状语了，必须删去。又例如：Who is the man ( that ) you talked to him just now?应改为Who is the man that you talked to just now? (that在从句中作宾语用，意味“那个人”。him是多余的。)

一、关系词错用类

【误】 This is the right bookstore where we are looking for.

【正】 This is the right bookstore which we are looking for.

【析】要弄清各个关系词在从句中所充当的成分。误句中的关系词应指bookstore, 在从句中作look for的宾语，而where在从句中只能作状语，因而是错误的。故关系副词where应改为关系代词which。又:例如：This is the boy whom was praised by Mr. Jack yesterday.应改为This is the boy who was praised by Mr. Jack yesterday. (关系代词在从句中作主语用，应把whom改为who 。)

二、主谓矛盾类

【误】 Can you show me the book which have been translated into English by Xiao Hong?

【正】 Can you show me the book which has been translated into English by Xiao Hong?

【析】在定语从句中，当关系词为主语时，从句的谓语动词必须与先行词相一致，而不是与主句的主语相一致。应将have been translated改为has been translated。

三、缺关系代词类

【误】 The man is giving a report in our school is a scientist.

【正】 The man who is giving a report in our school is a scientist.

【析】犯这类错误有两个原因：一是受汉语的影响，把英语和汉语结构等同起来；二是没有弄清关系词在定语从句中作主语用时不能省略。应把作主语的关系代词who补起来。

四、漏掉介词类

【误】 The woman whom I went to the concert is a singer.

【正】 The woman whom I went to the concert with is a singer.

【析】该句的汉语意思是：“和我一起去参加音乐会的那个妇女是位歌唱家。”根据句义，定语从句中的关系代词whom应作介词with的宾语用。如果漏掉介词with，则关系代词whom就无处可放，也无法解释了。这是中学生常犯的错误，必须引起高度重视。又例如：The man whom I talked to you lives upstairs.应改为The man whom I talked to you about lives upstairs. (whom作about的宾语用，故about不能漏掉。)

五、词语错位类

【误】 The room in that she lives is a large one.

【正】 The room that she lives in is a large one.

【析】在定语从句中，介词不能置于关系代词that 之前。当介词放在从句后面时，that可以用，也可以省略。例如：This is the questionthat we have had so much discussion about. 注意，含有介词的短语动词一般不可拆开。不能说The book for which he is looking was given by my brother.而应说: The book which he is looking for was given by my brother.当然，在一般情况下，定语从句的关系代词which和whom作介词的宾语时，介词是可以置于which和whom之前的。例如：Do you know the comrade to whom she was talking? The tool with which he is working is called a saw.

【即时练习】

一、选择正确的答案

1. Well never forget the days_____ we spent together last year.

A. whenB. thatC. how D. on which

2. The high yellow building over there,_____was set up last year, is our office building.

A. itB. thatC. whereD. which

3. It is the best TV play_____Ive seen.

A. thatB. whichC. sinceD. and

4. I often hear from my sister,_____works as an engineer.

A. thatB. whoC. heD. whom

5. Last month I visited the house_____Iused to live in my twenties.

A. whichB. whoC. in thatD. where

6. The day_____ I was to start arrived at last.

A. thatB. which

C. on whichD. in that

7. The old woman has two sons,_____are teachers.

A. two of whomB. both of whom

C. all of themD. neither of them

8. Is that the reason_____you dont agree with them?

A. whatB. whichC. whyD. that

9. Air,_____we breathe every day, is necessary to life.

A. /B. whichC. whatD. that

10. I,_____your friend,will try my best to help you out.

A. who isB. that is

C. who amD. who are

11. Li Ying is one of the girls_____to college in the village.

A. who goesB. who go

C. which wentD. that goes

12. He is the only one of the boys of his class who_____the piano well.

A. playsB. play

C. playingD. are playing

13. Those_____not only from books but also through practice will succeed.

A. learnB. who

C. that learnsD. who learn

14. Is this the factory_____you visited the other day?

A. in whichB. which

C. whereD. the one

15. He must be from Africa,_____can be seen from his skin.

A. thatB. asC. itD. what

参考答案：

1. B。that指代the days,在从句中作动词spent的宾语。

2. D。which指代the high yellow building,在从句中作主语，引导非限定性定语从句。

3. A。that指代the TV play,在从句中作宾语，且先行词中含有最高级，不能用which。

4. B。who指代my sister,在从句中作主语，且本题是非限定性定语从句(因为书写有逗号，that不引导非限定性定语从句。

5. D。where指代the house,在从句中作状语(live是不及物动词)。

6. C。on which相当于when,表时间，作状语。

7. B。本题是非限定性定语从句(书写有逗号)，故C、D错误，A应改为the two of whom，故B正确。

8. C。why相当于for the reason，在从句中作状语。

9. B。which引导非限定性定语从句，指代air，在从句中作动词“breathe”的宾语。

10. C。that不引导非限定性定语从句，who指代I,谓语动词应用am。

11. B。who指代the girls,在从句中作主语，如果one of ... 结构变为the (only) one of ... 应改A。

12. A。先行词是the only one是单数，故选A。若去掉the only则选B。

13. D。who指代those,在从句中作主语，谓语动词是learn。

14. B。解题技巧：先将句子转换为陈述句语序。This is the factory_____you visit the other day. which指代the factory,在从句中作动词visit的宾语。

定语从句讲解篇3

一、基本概念：

在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now? That is the house where he lived ten years ago.定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词；定语从句一般用关系代词或关系副词来引导，关系词放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作从句中的一个成分。引导定语从句的关系代词有：that, who, whom, whose, which，as 关系副词有：when, where, why.二、关系词的用法：

（一）关系代词的用法：

1．作主语用who, which和that, 如： He is the man who/that lives next door.The train which/that has just left is for Shenzhen.2．作宾语用whom, who, which, that, 如：

The man(whom/who/that)we have just seen is a famous writer.Where is the book(which/that)I bought last week? 注：在非正式文体中，用于指人的关系代词who whom, that 通常可以省略，但在正式文体中通常用whom, 不可省略；用于指物的关系代词which和that 在非正式文体中也通常省略，但在正式文体中一般不省略。

3．作定语用whose, 如：(a)He is the man whose car was stolen last week.(b)It was a meeting whose importance I did not realize at that time.注：“whose +名词中心词”这一结构在定语从句中既能作主语（如上a句），又能作宾语（如上b句）。whose 的先行词常用来指人，但有时也可以用来指具体事物或抽象概念，这时可以与of which 结构互换，词序是：“名词+of which”，如： They came to a house whose back wall had broken down..(= the back wall of which)He’s written a book the name of which I’ve completely forgotten.(= whose name)4．作表语只用that，它既可以指人，也可以指物，但时常省略。如： He is no longer the man that he used to be.This is no longer the dirty place(that)it used to be.（二）关系副词的用法：

1．when 指时间，在从句中作时间状语，它的先行词通常有：time, day, morning, night, week, year 等。如：

I still remember the time when I first became a college student.Do you know the date when Lincoln was born? 注：when时常可以省略，特别是在某些句型和某些时间状语中。如： Each time he came, he did his best to help us.But help never stopped coming from the day she fell ill.2．where指地点，在从句中作地点状语。它的先行词常有：place, spot, street, house, room, city, town, country等。This is the hotel where they are staying.I forget the house where the Smiths lived.注：where有时也可以省略。如：

This is the place(where)we met yesterday.3． why指原因或理由，它的先行词只有reason。如： That is the reason why he is leaving so soon.注：why时常也可以省略。如： That is the real reason he did it.(三)使用关系副词应注意下列几点：

1．这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词+which结构： when = on(in, at, during„)+ which;where = in(at, on„)+ which;why = for which.如：

I was in Beijing on the day when(=on which)he arrived.The office where(=in which)he works is on the third floor.This is the chief reason why(=for which)we did it.2．当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表地点的place, house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语时，关系词应该用which或that, 缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用when或where，试比较：

I’ll never forget the day when my hometown was liberated.I’ll never forget the days which/that we spent together last summer.His father works in a factory where radio parts are made.His father works in a factory which/that makes radio parts.3． when和where既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。而why 只能引导限制性定语从句。三．限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句

1．限制性定语从句说明先行词的情况，对先行词起限定作用，与先行词关系十分密切，不可用逗号隔开，也不可省略，否则全句意义就不完整。如： This is the telegram which he refers to.Is there anything(that)I can do for you? 2．非限制性定语从句只是对先行词作补充说明，没有限定作用，它与先行词的关系比较松散，因而不是关键性的，如果省略，原句的意义仍然完整。这种从句在朗读时要有停顿，在文字中通常用逗号与主句隔开。如：

This note was left by Tom, who was here a moment ago.As a boy, he was always making things, most of which were electric.引导非限制性定语从句的关系词有：who, whom, whose, which, when 和 where，不可以用that和why。

另外，非限制性定语从句从意义上讲，相当于一个并列句，在口语中使用并不普遍，在日常生活中，人们通常用并列句或简单句来表达。如：

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I told the story to John, who later did it to his brother.= I told the story to John, and he later told it to his brother.Yesterday I happened to see John, who was eager to have a talk with you.= Yesterday I happened to see John and he was eager to have a talk with you.3．两种定语从句的内涵不同，限制性定语从句具有涉他性，而非限制性定语从句具有唯一性，这在理解和翻译时应特别注意。试比较： All the books there, which have beautiful pictures in them, were written by him.All the books there that have beautiful pictures in them were written by him.His brother, who is eighteen years old, is a PLA man.（只有一个）His brother who is a PLA man is eighteen years old.（不止一个）

4．有时，非限制性定语从句所修饰的不是某一个词，而是整个主句或是主句中的一个部分，这时一般采用which或as来引导。当整个主句（先行词）在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词要用单数。

eg: He passed the exam, which/as he hoped he would.He has left here, which greatly upsets me.注：

（1）as引导的从句可以放在主句之前，而which引导的从句只能放在主句之后。They are hollow, which makes them very light.As is known to all, Taiwan is a part of China.（2）从意义上讲，which指前面主句的内容；而as指代的是作为一般人都知道的常识性的东西，因此常译成“就象„ „那样”。

（3）如果定语从句的内容对主句的内容起消极作用或当非限制定语从句为否定时，则常用which，而不用as，如：

She stole her friend’s money, which was disgraceful.He tore up my photo, which upset me.Tom drinks a lot everyday,which his wife doesn’t like at all.5．在正式文体中，以the way为先行词的限制性定语从句通常以in which或 that 引导，如：

The way in which you answered the questions was admirable.但在非正式文体中，人们通常省略in which或 that : The way(in which)he spoke to us was suspicious.I don’t like the way(that)you laugh at her.四．关系词的选择

1．在非限制性定语从句中，关系代词作主语，只能用who 指人，which指物；关系代词做宾语，常用whom（口语中有时用who）指人，which指物，它们都不能用that代替。

2．关系代词作介词宾语，不论是在限制性定语从句中，还是在非限制性定语从句中，当介词前置时，只能用whom指人，which指物；但如果介词后置，则不受这种限制，关系代词还可以省去，特别是在口语中。如：

Do you know the boy to whom she was talking?

第3/6页

Do you know the boy(that)she was talking to? The pencil(which/that)he was writing with suddenly broke.3．在限制性定语从句中，当先行词指物时，关系词可用which或that，二者常可以互换；但在下列情况中，只能用that，不用which：(1)当先行词是all, a lot,(a)little, few, much, none, anything, something, everything, nothing等词时。如： All that can be done has been done.In this factory I saw little / much that was different from ours.(2)当先行词被all, any no, much, little, few, every等限定词所修饰时。如：

We heard clearly every word that he said.(3)当先行词是序数词或被序数词所修饰时。如：

The first thing that should be done is to get the tickets.When people talk about Hangzhou, the first that comes to mind is the West Lake.(4)当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级所修饰，以及先行词被序数词和形容

词最高级同时修饰时，如：

Is that the best that you can do? That’s the most expensive hotel that we’ve ever stayed in.This novel is the second best one that I have ever read.(5)当先行词被 the very, the only, the next, the last等所修饰时。如： This is the very book that I want to find.(6)当先行词为指人和指物的两个并列名词词组时。如：

The guests spoke highly of the children and their performances that they saw at the Children’s Palace.She described in her compositions the people and places that impressed her most.(7)当主句是以which，who,what开头的特殊疑问句时。如： Which is the car that killed the boy? Who is the person that is making this lecture? 4.用which而不用that的情况：

①引导非限制性定语从句； ②代表整个主句的意思； ③介词+关系代词。e.g.He had failed in the maths exam,which made his father very angry.他数学考试没有及格，这使他的父亲很生气。

This is the room in which my father lived last year.这是父亲去年居住过的房子。

5.在限制性定语从句中，当先行词指人时，关系词可用who(m)或that，二者常可互换。

但在下列情况中，用who(m)，而不用that：

(1)当先行词是one, ones, any, few, anyone, anybody, someone, somebody, everyone, everybody等词时。如：

第4/6页

Is there anyone who can answer this question? He was among the few who managed to live through the enemy prison camp.注：在非正式文体中可以说：You’re the one that knows where to go.)(2)当先行词是he, they, those, people, person等词时。如： He who wants to catch fish just not mind getting wet.Those who are against the proposal put up your hands.注：在固定结构的谚语或习语中，可用he that„。如： He that promises too much means nothing.(3)当先行词有较长的后置定语修饰时。如：

Do you know the writer in blue with thick glasses who is speaking at the meeting?(4)在分隔式定语从句中，若先行词指人，为了明确修饰关系，应当用who(m)。如：

A new master will came tomorrow who will teach you German.There’s only one student in the school who/whom I wanted to see.I was the only person in my office who was invited.(5)两个定语从句同时修饰一个指人的先行词，第二个定语从句常用who(m)来引导，如：

She is the only girl I know who can play the guitar.6.在限制性定语从句中，当先行词指人时，在下列情况中，一般用关系词that:(1)当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。如： Who is the man that is reading the newspaper over there? Which of us that knows anything does not know this?(2)当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词所修饰时。如： He is the greatest man that has ever lived.(3)当先行词被the only, the very, the last等词所修饰时。如： She is the only person that understands me.7.当先行词被the same所修饰时，关系词既可以用as，也可以用that。在表示具体事物时，有时两者有一定的区别。一般说来，表示同一种类多用as，表示同一事物多用that。

如：This is the same instrument that I used yesterday.这就是我昨天用过的那台仪器。

This is the same instrument as I used yesterday.这台仪器跟我昨天用过的那台一样。

在抽象概念上，同种类和同一事物是没有绝对区别的，所以两个词可换用： I have the same opinion as / that you have.这里要注意的是：

（1）使用as时，它引导的定语从句中的动词可以省略，但使用that时，定语从句中的动词不可省略。如： Women received the same pay as men.Women received the same pay that men received.(2)在“the same„that”结构中，that只是用来加强语气，强调“相同”。

第5/6页

that可以省去而不改变句子原意，甚至连名词前的same也可以省去。如： This is the same instrument that I used yesterday.= This is the same instrument I used yesterday.= This is the instrument I used yesterday.但在“the same„as”结构中，same和as都不能省略。

(3)当“the same„that”结构中的that作为关系副词用时，不可以直接与as互换。

如：He lives in the same building that I live.= He lives in the same building as / that I live in.Shall we meet at the same place that we last met? = Shall we meet at the same place that / as we last met at? 8.当先行词前有such, so, as时，关系词应当用as。如： A wise man seldom talks about such things as he doesn’t understand.He spoke in such easy English as everybody could understand.At this time of the day, all buses and trolleys have to carry as many passengers as they can.It is so easy a book as every schoolboy can read.Let’s discuss such things as we can talk of freely.另需注意：

This book is written in such easy English as beginners can understand.（定语从句）

This book is written in such easy English that beginners can understand it.（结果状语从句）

9.as引导非限制性定语从句既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，用来修饰整个句子。通常用下列句型：

as is known to all,as is said,as is reported, as is announced,as we all know,as I expect等。

定语从句的用法讲解篇4

定语从句分为限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是句子不可缺少的部分，如去掉主句意思就不完整或失去意义；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉也不会影响主句的意思。它与主句之间通常用逗号分开，一般不用that引导，关系词不可省略。如：

This is the book that I want to read. （限制性）

Tom’s father， who arrived just now， is a famous scientist. （非限制性）

非限制性定语从句的先行词成分可以是整个主句，非限制性定语从句常用which引导，修饰整个句子。定语从句的谓语动词要用第三人称单数。例如：

The weather turned out to be very good， which was more than we could expect.

关系代词引导的定语从句

关系代词所指代的先行词是表示人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

在定语从句中，who和that既可作主语又可作宾语，whom只可作宾语（作宾语时可以省略）。如：

Is he the man who/that wants to see you？（who/that在从句中作主语）

The man （whom/who/that） you spoke to just now is our English teacher. （whom/who/that在从句中作宾语，可省略）

[whose]

在定语从句中作定语，可用来指人或物，表示物时相当于“the+名词+of+which”或“of+which+the+名词”。如：John， whose wife is ill， can’t come to the party.

[which & that]

which和that指代的先行词是表示事物的名词或代词，在定语从句中可作主语、宾语等。如：

Please show me the radio that/which you have just bought. （that/which在从句中作宾语，可省略）

This is the film that/which created a great sensation. （that/which在从句中作主语）

只能用that而不能用which的情况：

1. 先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰时。如：This is the best dictionary that I’ve ever used.

2. 先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。如：The first thing that we should do is to get some food.

3. 当先行词是anything， everything， nothing， something， few， all， none， little， some等不定代词时，或是由every， any， all， some， no， little， few， much等词修饰时。如：Tom told his father all that had happened.

There is little that I can do for you.

4. 先行词既有人又有物时。如：They talked about the teachers and the schools that they knew.

5. 先行词被the only，the very，the right等修饰时。如：This is the very book that I want to have.

6. 在which，who，whom引起的问句中，为避免重复。如：Who is the girl that talked to you yesterday？

7. 关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。如：China is not the country that it was.

只能用which，不能用that的情况：

1. 在非限制性定语从句中。如：Beijing， which is the capital of China， has a very long histroy.

2. 在介词后面，即“介词+which（指物）”。如：This is the house in which we lived three years ago.

[as]

关系代词as代替的先行词是人或物的名词，在从句中作主语、宾语和表语。

as引导限制性定语从句时，常和such， the same， as（so）连用，构成such ... as， the same ... as， as/so ... as等结构，在从句中可作主语、宾语和表语。如：

Don’t trust such men as praise you to your face. （在定语从句中作主语）

I have the same trouble as you have. （在定语从句作宾语）

It’s as pleasant a film as I have ever seen. （在定语从句作宾语）

但是当先行词被the same修饰时，that也可以引导定语从句，但意义有所不同。the same ... as（指同样或同类的）， the same ... that（指同一个）。例如：

This is the same watch as I lost.

This is the same watch that I lost.

as也可单独使用，引导非限制性定语从句，修饰整个主句或主句中的一部分，放在句首、句中或句末。如：

As is known to us all， smoking is harmful to one’s health. （指代整个主句，在从句中做主语）

He is late， as is often the case. （指代整个主句，在从句中做主语）

Light， as everybody knows， travels much faster than sound. （指代整个主句，在从句中做宾语）

as和which作关系代词的用法比较：

which引导的非限定性定语从句只能放在主句之后，which指代前面的一个句子或主句中的某一成分；as引导的非限定性定语从句能放在主句之前、中、后，既可指前面已经提到的情况，也可指后面提到的情况。

as引导从句时，有“为人所熟知”的含义，which则没有这层意思。as引导的从句往往表示的是一种附加说明，which引导的从句一般是较为重要的陈述。如：

His mother is ill， which makes him very sad.

As is expected， the England team won the football match.

[关系副词引导的定语从句]

关系副词when， where， why可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语，相当于“介词+which”结构。例如：

I’ll never forget the time when/during which we worked in the factory.

This is the village where /in which he was born.

I don’t know the reason why/for which she looks unhappy today.

[判定用关系代词还是用关系副词]

关系代词与关系副词的选用，应看先行词在定语从句中充当什么成分：若作主语、宾语或定语，则用关系代词who，whom，that，which，whose，as等；若作状语，就用where， when， why等关系副词。如：

The reason why I’m writing is to tell you about a party on Sunday. （状语）

The reason that/which he gave us sounded reasonable. （宾语）

Pisa is a city， which has a leaning tower. （主语）

Pisa is a city， where there is a leaning tower. （状语）

[介词+关系代词]

当关系代词作介词宾语时，就出现了“介词+关系代词”的结构引导定语从句的现象。当先行词指物时用“介词+which”，指人时用“介词+whom”，且关系代词不能省略。而这种结构中较难解决的问题是介词的选择问题：

1. 介词的确定可以根据整个句意来确定。

Oxygen is a kind of gas， without which we couldn’t live.

2. 介词可以根据与先行词的搭配来确定。

He gave me the book for which he paid a lot of money. （动词与介词搭配）

1949 was the year in which the P.R.C. was founded. （名词与介词搭配）

The snake， of which she used to be afraid， is her favorite animal now. （形容词与介词搭配）

★ 浅谈定语从句

★ 从句讲解定语从句 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)

★ 定语从句练习题

★ 定语从句课件

★ 英语的定语从句的句子总结

★ 定语从句例句名言

★ 定语从句教学反思

★ 初中英语定语从句教案

★ 定语从句的课件

初中英语定语从句教学反思篇5

辉南八中姚春艳

本节课我设计的是定语从句的语法教学。定语从旬是初中英语语法教学的一个难点，同时也是初中英语教学的重点。它是一个常见的语言现象，在初中阶段，定语从句只要求初步掌握，会运用相应的关系词填空就可以了，可是为了能让学生在日常生活和学习中，能充分运用这一种句型，也是为学生进入高中继续学习定语从句打基础，所以我大胆的将定语从句的重点和难点扩大和加深。定语从句的运用，在历届中考试题中也经常出现。并且广泛分布于单选、完型填空和阅读甚至短文改错等各种题型当中。因此，对于初中阶段的学生来说，学好定语从句对中考乃至将来的高考都是十分重要的。下面是我的教学反思:

一、设计意图

我设计的整体教学环节是这样的：我准备用三节课时间来学习定语从句，第一节为感性认知阶段，即让学生通过大量的定语从句发现定语从句的规率，认识定语从句的结构、连接词，如何根据一个句子找到先行词并对其进行定语从句的书写。由于定语从句比较难懂，所以很多学生一定不是很清楚，也不一定很容易就能说出如何构造一个定语从句，这也不要紧，本节的重点是观察和理解，主要在说上下功夫。第二节课为感性认知到理解阶段，即在复习上节课定语从句的构成规率、各部分的概念和基本句式的基础上，让学生由说到写的过程，通过让学生用定语从句书写自已喜欢的人和物（如最喜欢的天气、歌手、运动、电影、服装等）来深化对定语从句的理解和运用。主要在写上下功夫。第三节，为综合运用阶段,即在上两节课的基础上，说写之后，学生对定语从句已经有了一定的理解和运用，本节的重点是句型操练，书写句子和练习题巩固。最后完成一个相应的听力练习。三节课学生达到运用定语从句的目的。本节只是整个环节的三分之一。

二、各环节完成情况：

（一）、要准确理解定语从句的概念

在复合句中用于限定或修饰名词、代词的从句叫做定语从句，被定语从句所限定或修饰的名词、代词叫做先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词之后。通过例句进行教学：This is the engineer who give us a talk on science and technology(这就是要给我们作关于科学学术报告的工程师)，这句话中who give us a talk on science and 1 technology就是定语从句，修饰先行词engineer，从旬中的who是关系代词，引导定语从旬。完成较好。

（二）、理解定语从句的构成

关系代词或副词+陈述旬。其中关系代词有：who，whom whose，which，that，as等，关系副词有：when，where，why等关系代词在句中有双重功能：

1、代表前面所修饰的先行词，将从句和主句连接起来；

2、在定语从句中充当句子成分。

例如上面的例旬中关系代词“who”，它一方面起连接先行词和定语从句的作用，另一方面在从句中充当主语成分，在句子中不能翻译成为“谁”，而相当于“……的”。在讲述构成时，我没有太说清楚，应再重点强调下从句部分为关系代词或副词+陈述句就更好了。

（三）、掌握引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词的用法

1、由who，whom whose引导的定语从句的用法

在这类定语从旬中，当定语从旬所修饰的先行词是人的时候用who，whom和whose，who充当主语或宾语的成分，但多作主语，whom充当宾语，而whose充当定语。关系代词作主语时定语从句中谓语的数取决于先行词的数。例如：

(1)This is the thiefwho stole my bike．这就是偷我自行车的那个贼。

(2)He is the boy whom you wanted to find．他就是你想要找的那个男孩。

(3)The missing pilot whose[1ame is Wang Wei is known as a hero of our country．失踪的那位名字叫王伟的飞行员被认为是我们国家的英雄

2、由that、which引导的定语从句

当定语从句所修饰的先行词是物的时候，用关系代词that、which，当然that可以指人也可以指物，当作物的时候可以和which替换使用，在从句中作主语或宾语。例如：

(1)The comrade that(who)is speaking at the meeting is an advanced worker．正在会上讲话的那个同志是个先进工人。

(2)Is this the doctor that(whom)you talked about yesterday?这就是你们昨天谈论的那位医生吗?

3、由when，where and why引导的定语从句

它们引导定语从句时，分别在句子中作时间状语、地点状语和原因状语。where在从旬中作地点状语，when在从句中作时间状语，Why在从旬中作原因状语。如：

(1)I will never forget the day when I joined the League．我永远忘不了我入团的那一天。

(2)He will go back to the school where he studied next week．下周他要回到他曾经学习过的学校。

(3)I don’t know the reason why he quarreled with Zhang Lin．我不知道他同张琳吵架的原因。

（四）、注意掌握初中英语语法“定语从句”中的一些特殊情况

1、介词+关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词+关系代词引导

(1)The school(that／which)he once studied in is very famous．

(2)The school in which he once studied is very famous．

(3)Tomorrow 1 will bring here a magazine(that／which)you asked for．

(4)Tomorrow I ll bring here a magazine for which you asked．

(5)we’l1 go to hear the famous singer(whom／that／who)we have often talked about．

(6)we’ll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked．

注意：1．含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look for，]ook after，take care of等

(1)This is the watch which／that I am looking for．(T)

(2)This is the watch for which I am looking．(F)

2、只能用that作为定语从旬的关系代词的情况

(1)当先行词为 anything，nothing，everything，the one，all，much，few，any，little只用that，不用which。例如；You should do all that is useful to yourself．

(2)当先行词为the only，the very，the same，the last，just 修饰时，只用that。例如：This is the last place that I want to visit．

(3)先行词为序数词、形容词最高级时，只用that。．例如：This is your second time that you tell us the story．

(4)先行词既有人，又有物时。

We talked about the things and persons that we were interested in．

3、不能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况

(1)在引导非限定性定语从句时。

Last night I saw a very good film，which was about the Anti——Japanese War 4

(2)介词后不能用。

We depend on the land from which we get our food．

We depend on the land that／which we get our food from

初中英语“定语从句” 考点分类讲解篇6

名词或所属格作定语：

1强调性别时a man doctor / two men doctors ；

a woman teacher / six women teachers a man cleaner / some men cleaners

被修饰词是单数时，性别也用单数；被修饰词是复数时，性别也用复数。

2a girl actor / four girl actors a boy player / two boy players

a bus station / some bus stations 复数只变被修饰的词, 定语不再变复数。

3a boys’ team / a gentlemen’s holiday / Teachers’ Day / Children’s Day / Nurses’ Day……

“复数 + ’s ” 作定语，译为“…的…”

4Father’s Day / Mother’s Day 此处“单数 + ’s ”作定语。

初中定语从句教学设计篇7

1，英语中，定语的定义和作用。

2，定语从句的定义和作用。

3，如何用英语从句表达更完善的意思。

4，如何改写定语从句。。

二.Important and difficult points:

1，定语从句的表达和运用。

2，改写定语从句。

三.Teaching procedures :

Step 1: Lead ---in

(1) greet the class as usual

(2) lead―in by asking two questions:

T:Do you konw what we will learn today?

First ,let`s look at the screen,there are two questions and some pictures:

Question 1: What fruit do you like to eat?

Question 2: Do you like dress or skirt?

Step 2: Presentation

Task one: think about the two questions,and tell your answers

Task two: 引入定语( Attributive )的概念，并举例。

定语：定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子。

定语从句讲解教案

汉语中常用’……的’表示。主要由形容词担任。此外，名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任.单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。

先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。

英语定语从句说课稿篇8

一、说教材

二、说教法

三、说学法

四、说教学程序

一、说教材 1．教材分析

各位老师下午好，我今天说课的的内容是定语从句：主要从四个方面来说的：本课时的内容是高中英语必修一Unit4的语法第一课时，初次导入含引导词who, which, that的定语从句，这里的定语从句出现得比较凌乱，因此我把这些语法整合起来教学，让学生有个完整的认识。2．教学目标

1）知识目标:

A.掌握定语从句的基本结构及用法。

B.掌握定语从句的引导词who, which和that的基本用法。2）能力目标：

A.能口头上用简单的定语从句描述人或物。B.能在笔头上用定语从句描述人或物。3．教学重点

1).引导词which, who及 that的基本用法。2).复习和巩固定语从句的结构和用法。4．教学难点

引导词that的特殊用法。用定语从句造句。

二、说教法

根据英语“课标”的要求，课程要从学生的学习兴趣、生活经验和认知水平出发，因此，我将在教学中采用任务型教学，设置情境交际教学等。1.任务型教学，每个环节布置一个不同层次的任务，让不同层次的学生在完成每个任务的时获得成就感，同时，不同难易的任务有效地锻炼了不同层次的学生能力。2.设置情境交际法，尽量设置学生感兴趣的话题，让学生充分利用新学的知识。

3.把枯燥的语法规则学习融入有趣的口语训练，交际应用当中。4.通过笔头训练巩固所学语法知识。达到口头，笔头的完美结合。

三、说学法

1.列举法，举例加深对定语从句的理解。2.在说练中体会语法的含义及用法。四.说教学程序 Leading in导入

以一个笑谈式的问题引出本课的主题。比如，在师生问答中很随意地引出下列对话：

T: Do you like the boy? S：Which one?

T: The one who has big eyes.„„

在学生猜出答案之前给学生输入尽量多含who的定语从句。Your classmate is the boy / man who „„ 4.小结：

定语从句的定义，结构及引导词who的用法。5.练习

让学生翻译及个含有定语从句的句子。

The man who stood here a minute ago is my father.Do you know the thief who stole your money?

6.导入which的用法。利用下列对话引出含有Which的定语从句。T: May I borrow a pen? S: Which oen?

T: The one which has a rabbit on it.The one which is very long.然后把学生的钢笔收集起来，一次展示几支，让学生用定语从句描述自己的钢笔，并且领走。