状语从句复习学案

状语从句复习学案（共6篇）

状语从句复习学案 篇1

(2)

--- 基本概念、难点和易错点

5. 目的状语从句

连接词：

in order that; so that; that; in case (以免); for fear that (唯恐);…

例句：

*Let’s hurry so that / in order that / that we can catch the early bus.

(so that = in order that, that 是so that 的省略形式)

* We all seemed afraid to say what was in our minds, for fear that it might start trouble.

(显然, for fear that 与上句中的关联词含义正好相反,表达“担心”或“不愿发生”的结果。)

* Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold.

(in case 意为 “以防万一”)

练习：

1. I don’t think I’ll need any money but I’ll bring some _____.

2. He is working hard ______ he should fall behind.

3. We sent the letter by air mail _______ it might reach them in good time.

6. 结果状语从句

连接词：

so… that; such… that; so that; that; so;…

例句：

* We left in such a hurry that we forgot to lock the door.

* He was so excited that he could hardly go to sleep.

* He didn’t plan the time well, so that (so) he didn’t finish the work on time.

* What has happened that you all look so excited?

( so that 既可引导目的状语从句又可引导结果状语从句, 一般讲,表目的状语从句中有may, might, can, could 出现, 如: We sent the letter by air mail so that it might reach them in good time. 另外, 表结果时, 还可用 that或so, 它们相当于 so that.)

练习：

1. He got up late _____ he missed the early bus.

2. This is ______ a good film _____ everybody wants to see it.

7. 让步状语从句

连接词：

though (although); 虽然

even if (even though); 即使;即便

no matter(who/ what/ where/ …); 无论谁 (什么, 哪 …)

( = whoever; whatever, wherever, …)

例句：

* Although/ though I tried several times, I failed in the end.

* Even if he comes here, he won’t help us.

* However much I tried, I failed to work it out.

* No matter where he goes, he is always ready to help others.

练习：

1. We’ll try to finish the work in time ____ we are short of manpower.

2. You mustn’t be conceited (骄傲)______ you’ve achieved great success.

3. Do what you think is right ______ difficulties you may have.

练习答案:

目的状语从句

1. in case 2. for fear that 3. so that / that / in order that

结果状语从句

1. so that / so / that 2. such … that

让步状语从句

1. though; although / even if; even though

( though; although 表示我们缺人手; 虽然缺, 也要尽力完成工作. ; even if; even though 则表示我们不一定缺人手, 即便缺,也要…)

2. though; although / even if; even though (区别同上)

3. whatever / no matter what

状语从句复习学案 篇2

关键词：高中英语；教学；复习；时间状语从句

中图分类号：G633.41 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1009-010X（2015）06-0046-03

系统掌握语法知识对学生快速阅读及写作起着举足轻重的作用，对培养学生良好的英语素质具有积极的意义。下面是一节“时间状语从句”复习课，教师用归纳、辨析法等方法，调动学生积极参与教学过程，效果很好。

一、 用一根线绳串起散碎的“铜钱”

“If you ask the average Englishman about his knowledge of grammar he will say he doesnt know any. What is meant by this， of course， is that he cannot tell you what the rules of grammar are， or rather， how English works grammatically.”这是美国语言学家Jeremy Harmer描述普通讲英语人士的语法概念，但对作为第二语言学习的学生来说并不如此简单。授课教师对此一清二楚：只有娴熟运用了语法，才能逐渐淡化语法，最后忘记语法。

授课开始，教师告诉学生讲课内容——这是一节英语语法复习课。开始提出问题“谁能够说出引导时间状语从句的关联词，能说多少说多少。” 同学们七嘴八舌地开始说出不少关联词，如since， when， while， once， as soon as， until， till， the moment.等。这些关联词确实是引导时间状语从句的，但有的同学却说出引导其它类状语从句的关联词如if， in case， as though等。这说明学生对状语从句的关联词分类不太清楚，容易在使用它们时张冠李戴，所以授课教师利用中文提示让同学们说出引导时间状语从句的关联词。然后问“谁能够把这些关联词在五分钟之后全部背出来？”同学们面面相觑，多数都在摇头。很显然，这么多的关联词即使在规定时间内背出来，但下节课再提问他们可能仍旧不会说全。这时老师说“既然大家看上去难以记住这些关联词，那咱们看一下，下面这些词是一般引导词：before， as long as； after， while， once， when， as， whenever； since， until， till； as soon as， now that，仔细观察这些词，然后用不超过二十个词在两到三分钟之内把它们全部串起来怎样？同桌及前后左右的同学可以相互商量总结。” 相互讨论后学生总结的可谓五花八门，最后在教师的指点下总结出十八个字词的中英文口诀把一般引导词串了起来：

一前一后四时候（before， after， while， when， as， whenever）；

两个nce两il （since， once， until， till）；

长久下去就now （as long as， as soon as， now that=since）。

教师三言两语的引导解决了学生的困惑，所以，我们倡导适当利用中文学习英语。三天后跟踪这个班学生的记忆情况，老师再提问时他们按照上面的顺序一点不差地背诵出来。我们评课的结论是：不要死记硬背，倡导巧记记死。

授课教师完成了一般引导词后马上又问“在这些引导词中有特例的词是哪些？” 学生零零星星地说出了一两个。根据学生反应状态，教师马上呈现出五个英语例句，鼓励学生在语境中猜测关联词在句中的得体中文意思，仅以before为例：

1. Evening came before we realized it.

2. It will be some time before we know the full results.

3. Sometimes， it gets out before I can stop it.

4. Before the chairman starts attacking committee members he ought to remember his own mistakes.

在教师的引导下同学们集思广益总结了before的四个特例：没过多久就...；过多久才...；还没来得及...就...；趁...还没有时；while和when的四个特例：while放在句首时有虽然之意；趁着...的时候；然而；主句从句均可用进行时；when的搭配句型常为： be doing...when； be about to do...when； be on the point of doing ...when； had just done...when； when it comes to...； 本该...却，并辨析了这两个词的异同（while用于持续时间长的动作中；when既可以用在时间段也可用在时间点中，而while不能用于时间点）。对于特例我们的评课结论是：一个主线拴住了想逃逸的词，他们收获了一串重重的铜钱。

二、多词、多句一语辨析，巧用押韵e、a、n

授课老师以点带面复习一般引导词和其中的三个特例词后问道“哪些词或句型在时间状语从句中有‘一....就...的意思？” 学生挖空心思说出了as soon as，这时老师说了这样一句话 “soon四刻on的尽；两ly倒装e、a、n”。然后让同学们猜都有哪些关联词，他们大多有些茫然，但其中也有同学说on doing； the moment在这句话中表示“一...就...”的意思。虽然教师的作用是导，但是在学生实在没办法的时候就要讲。授课教师对所教学生知识掌握程度心中有数，于是根据刚才说的那句话运用中文提示学生串出如下关联词和句型：as soon as； the moment， the instant， the minute， the second； on doing （doing是终止性动词）； immediately， directly/instantly； Hardly/Scarcely...when...， No sooner...than...然后举例说明用法，学生一目了然。为了进一步巩固，教师用替换法让学生造句。我们的评课结论是：多种表达，殊途同归；一语双关（两ly关联两个倒装句）经纬分（when和than学生容易记混， 教师用拆解法帮助区分）。

三、画龙点睛式的小结

完成第二步后，时间状语从句的复习也接近尾声。教师说“时间就是金钱，时间就是生命；时间奖勤罚懒，时间不容错过。那么我把最后一类引导词教给大家：天道酬勤时间紧，每次有序the费心。天道酬勤，大家都知道这个道理，我们高三生活的目标是考上理想大学，但没有勤奋二字，理想可能变成幻想，梦想变成泡影。我们关注后半句话，每次是each time； every time；有序是the first time； the next time； the last time注意the有时可省。”

Jeremy Harmer曾经说过 “Students can generally deal with a higher level of language in receptive skills than with productive skills.” 授课教师鉴于此，呈现给学生一篇短文，要求运用所学习的时间状语从句关联词填空。

Each/Every time I see my friend Tom， he always wears a smile. It will not be long before we meet again because he told me that he would come to China before I had any idea of it. While he cant speak Chinese well， he always tries it whenever/when he meets friendly-looking people. Now that he will be in China， I may as well make a plan to teach him some Chinese. The last time he was in China， he taught me some English idioms which I had never heard about. On meeting him， I will teach him the first sentence “long time no see， I really miss you” in Chinese. When it comes to other situations， I plan to introduce more for him to learn about Chinese culture. While we are young， we should learn as much as possible so that the next time we meet we can greet each other by using fluent Chinese.

状语从句复习学案 篇3

状语从句

1.时间状语从句。

引导时间状语从句的有：when, while, as, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as, no sooner…than…, hardly…when…等。

(1) When, while和 as

When既可引导一个持续动作，也可引导一个短暂动作，可用与主句和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作。while引导的从句中谓语动词必须是能够延续的动词，强调主句和从句动作的同时发生，往往侧重动作的持续性和对比性。如：While I was sitting there, he told me an interesting story.as用于引导“在某行为的继续中发生某事”的“继续之行为”，所以多与过去进行时连用。并常用来表示两种发展变化中的情况。

When they came home, I was cooking dinner.

She watched TV while (she was) eating.

As I was walking down the street, an American asked me for directions to the nearest station.

As the day went on, the weather got worse.

(2) 时间状语从句还有几个特殊的引导词。

如：every time, each time, next time, the day, the year, the minute, the moment 和副词immediately, directly, instantly等.

a.Every time I saw him, I would like to listen to his songs.

b.I came to the house the moment he was about to leave.

c.I recognized her the minute I saw her.

d. He left Europe the year World War II broke out.

e. My sister came directly(=as soon as) she got my message.

f. The machine will start instantly you press the button.

(3) since 和 before 的用法异同。

It is/ has been + some time+ since+ sb did sth.

It was / is / will be + some time+ before sb did/ do sth

It is just a week since we arrived here.

It’s a long time since I met you last.

How long is it since you were in Ningbo ?

It was years before I came back from abroad. It will be five years before we meet again.

It wasn’t long before he came back..

since 其后的动词不同,起算的时间也不同.

since + 瞬间动词过去式 (从该动作发生时算起)

since + 持续性动词的过去式 ( 从该动作结束时算起)

He worked very hard since he entered the factory.

We haven’t seen each other since I worked in the factory.

(从我不在厂工作以来……)

She has never been to visit me since I was ill. (病愈以来)

(4)till& until意义相同，多数情况下可换用，但用以强调，句首多用until;在强调结构或与not连用时多用until。例如：Nothing can be done till/ until the boss returns.

I waited for him until he came back.

He didn’t go to bed until he had finished the work.

Until we know the facts, we can’t do anything about it.

(5) no sooner…than, hardly…when和scarcely… before相当于as soon as之意, 其引导的从句中谓语动词要用 had done。当 hardly, scarcely和 no sooner置于句首时,语气较强, 主句的谓语要部分倒装. 例如:

We had hardly begun when we were told to stop.

Hardly had we begun when we were told to stop.

The spy had no sooner returned home than he was told to go to another country.

No sooner had the spy returned home than he was told to go to another country.

2. 地点状语从句由where或 wherever引导，在主句前，后均可.

where 表特指，wherever表泛指

I found the books where I left them.

Make a mark where you have any questions.

Wherever he happens to be, John can make himself at home.

(1) 地点状语从句在句首时常兼有抽象条件意味。如：

Where there’s a will, there’s a way.

Wherever there’s plenty of sun and rain, the fields are green.

(2) where引导的状语从句和定语从句的区别。Where引导地点状语从句直接修饰动词,而在定语从句中 where作为关系副词要跟在表示地点的先行词后面。 如：

Go back where you came from

Go back to the village where you came from.

Bamboo grows best where it’s wet and rainy.

Bamboo grows best in places where it’s wet and rainy.

3. 原因状语从句because, since, as, for,

because表直接的原因,语气最强.

since “既然”:一般放在句首,表已知的原因,全句重在交代结果,语气比because弱.

as 放在句首或句末,说明因果关系,语气较弱,重点在主句,译作“由于”for表间接原因，用来补述内容.放在主句后.语气最弱.

Since (As) it was raining, you ‘d better take a taxi.

Because he is ill, he is absent today.

He must be ill, for he is absent today.

As he is from the south, he is unaccustomed to the dry weather in Beijing.

在强调句型中,引导从句只能用because, 不能用 since或as.

It was because he was ill that he didn’t go with us.

4. 条件状语从句

引导词: if, unless, so/ as long as用一般现在时表示一般将来时

In case anything important happens, please call me up.

I’ll lend it to you as long as you handle it with care.

if only(要是…就好了; 但愿) 常表示愿望或一未实现的条件,尤用于感叹句.

If only he arrives in time!

If only I had met him earlier!

If only it would stop raining!

on condition(that)=provided (that) =providing (that) ( 假若; 倘使)

supposing (that) =if

You can go swimming on condition that you don’t go too far from the river bank.

I’ll go providing my wages are paid.

Supposing it rains tomorrow, what shall we do?

*在条件状语从句中,如果条件状语从句的主语同主句主语一致或是无人称代词, 从句的谓语动词或助动词 be, 可将从句的主语和动词 be一起省略.

If (it is) necessary, I’ll go with him.

If (it is) important, I’ll write this article.

目的和结果状语从句

目的:so that… in order that… ( 情态动词)

结果: so that, so/ such… thatHe studied even harder so that he might catch up with the top students in a possible short period.

He studied even harder so that he caught up with the other students.

He made a wrong decision, so that half of his lifetime was wasted.There are so many people in the room that we could’t get in.

方式状语从句

方式状语从句放在主句之后，用as, just as, as if, as though 等引导。

注意:

1) as 表行为方式

2) as if 引导的从句表示与事实相反或不可能实现时,从句用虚拟语气。

比较状语从句

引导词: than, as… as,

the more… the more…He didn’t do as much as he had

promised.

Now we can produce much more

steel than Japan.

The higher you stand, The farther you will see.

注意被比较的内容应一致

The weather here is hotter than that( = the weather) in your hometown.The girls in your class are more active than those in our class.

状语从句 篇4

1．时间状语从句

时间状语从句通常由when, while, as, before, after, (ever) since, till, until, as soon as等从属连词引导。

When he was skating round the lake, he suddenly fell.

I haven’t heard from him since he left school.

As soon as he appeared on the stage, the audience began to cheer.

注意：时间状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来意义。例如：

I will go on with the work when I come back tomorrow.

I will send you email as soon as I reach New York.

1）when, while, as引导时间状语从句时的异同

when引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词既可以是延续性动词，也可以是短暂性动词；从句的动作可以和主句的动作同时发生，也可以先于主句的动作发生，此时相当于after。当when从句谓语动词是延续性动词时，可与while互换。

I often missed my home a lot when I was abroad.. ( =while )

When they came home, I was cooking dinner. (不能用while)

When the film ended, people rushed out of the hall. ( =after )

when从句置于主句后面，同时从句中谓语动词又是短暂性动词时，常表示“此时突然……”。

I was walking along the street when I caught sight of a tailor’s shop.

He was enjoying his dinner when a loud noise came on the door.

while引导的动作必须是持续性的，强调主句和从句动作的同时发生，有时侧重主句和从句动作的对比。

He took a bath while I was preparing dinner.

as常可与when, while通用，但它较强调主句和从句动作的同时发生，常译作“边……边”也可用来说明两种正在发展和变化的情况，此时常译作“随着”。

He sang happily as he walked along the path.

The day gets longer and longer as summer comes.

2）until, till引导的时间状语从句

主句谓语动词为延续性动词时，主句和从句都用肯定句式，意为“一直到”，表示主句动作一直延续到until/till从句表示的时间才终止；主句谓语动词为短暂性动词时，主句用否定式，从句用肯定式，意思是“一直到才”，表示主句动作到until/till从句表示的时间才开始。

He worked until/till it was dark.

He didn’t work until/till it was dark.

until和till意义相同，通常可换用，但在强调结构、倒装句或句首，一般用until。例如：

I didn’t know about it until/till he told me.

It was not until he told me that I knew about it.

Not until he told me did I know about it.

3）since引导的时间状语从句和before引导的时间状语从句

since从句中的动词不同，其起算时间也不同。since + 瞬间动词过去时，从该动作发生时起算；since + 延续性动词过去时，从该动作结束时起算。试比较：

He has worked very hard since he entered the factory.

(enter为瞬间性动词，该句意为“从他入厂以来，他工作一直非常努力。”)

We haven’t seen each other since I worked in the factory.

(work为延续性动词，该句意为“从我不在工厂以来，我们没见过面。”可说成

We haven’t seen each other since I stopped working in the factory.）

since常用于It’s + some time + since sb. did sth.结构。试比较：

It’s two years since he joined the army. （他参军有两年了。）

It’s two years since he was a soldier. （他退役有两年了）

before有时可译为“还没……就”。如：

He had measured me before I could say a word. （我还没来得及说话他就给我量好了尺寸。）

I hadn’t waited long before he came. （我还没等多久他就来了。）

I slipped out before the lecture started. （还没等讲座开始我就溜了出去。）

before也可用于it结构，与since结构比较相似，注意它们所用时态的区别，其结构通常是

It will be + some time + before sb. does sth. 或It was + some time + before sb. did sth.. 可表示将来或过去两个概念。常译作“……才……”。例如：

He is leaving for Australia and it will be three years before he comes back.

(他要去澳大利亚了,三年后才会回来。)

(Duing the war he joined the army and it was three years before he came back.

（战争期间他参了军，三年后才回来了。）

4）as soon as等意为“一……就”的时间状语从句的几种不同表达

as soon as表示“一……就”，在表述已发生的动作时，hardly…when, no sooner…than也可表示同样的意思，但主句谓语动词要用过去完成时，从句用过去时，还可转换成倒装结构。

As soon as he saw the policeman, he ran away.

= He had hardly seen the policeman when he ran away.

= Hardly had he seen the policeman when he ran away.

= He had no sooner seen the policeman than he ran away.

= No sooner had he seen the policeman than he ran away.

immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instant,也可引导时间状语从句，相当于as soon as的意思，用法也与as soon as基本相同。上述句子可转换成：

He ran away immediately/directly/instantly he saw the policeman.

He ran away the moment/the minute/the instant he saw the policeman.

5）the moment, the minute, the instant, the day, the year, the first time, last time, each/every time, next time, by the time等少数表示时间概念的短语也可引导时间状语从句。例如：

I recognized her the minute I saw her.

Her son was born the day Hongkong returned to its motherland.

He left Europe the year World War Ⅱ broke out.

He was attracted by the beauty of the city the first time he went there.

Last time I saw her, she was writing a book.

Don’t refer to the dictionary each/every time you come upon a new word.

I will go to the seaside next time I go to Dalian.

He had finished learning advanced mathematics by the time he was 14.

2．原因状语从句

1）原因状语从句通常由because, since, as引导。because引导的从句可以放在主句前，也可放在主句后面，表示直接的原因或理由，着重点在从句。回答why问句、用于强调结构都用because。如：

He had to do a part-time job after work because he needed money for his marriage.

---Why didn’t he come yesterday?

---Because he had something important to do.

It was because he lost it that he found it more valuable than ever.

since和as引导的原因从句更多见于句首，表示明显的、已知的事实，语气比because弱，分别可译作“既然”、“由于”，着重点在主句。

Since you have to stay at home, why don’t you do some shopping on computer?.

As the weather is fine, let’s go fishing.

for也可引导表示原因的句子，但它是个并列连词，通常表示一种推测的原因或附加的说明，语气最弱，一般不放在句首，前面常有逗号分隔。

It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.

2）now that, seeing that, considering that等也可以引导表示原因的从句, 语气相当于since，常译作“既然”，口语中that可省去。例如：

Now (that) my watch has been sold, what’s the use of the watch chain?

Seeing (that) you’re already at the door, I suppose I must invite you inside.

3．条件状语从句

条件句可分为真实条件句和非真实条件句，非真实条件句在虚拟语气中有详细表述，这里只讨论真实条件句。引导条件句常用的有if, unless, as(so) long as, in case等，when, once, suppose (that) 或supposing (that)，on condition that 也可引导表示条件的从句。条件状语从句和时间状语从句一样，表示将来要用一般现在时。例如：

The bell is rung if there is a fire.

We won’t let you in unless you show your pass.

You may use my bike as/so long as you return it before Friday.

In case anything important happens, please call me up.

Turn off the switch when anything goes wrong.

Once you taste the noodles, you’ll never forget their delicious flavour.

Suppose/Supposing (that) you fail again this time, what will you do?

He agreed to lend him the money on condition that he paid back three times more money in three months’ time.

4．让步状语从句

1）通常由though, although, even/though引导，主句中不能用but，但可用yet。如：

He didn’t light the fire though/although it was cold.

Although/though he is quite old, (yet) he still tries to learn more.

I’ll try to finish the work myself even if/though it takes me days.

3） whatever, whoever, whichever, whenever, wherever, however 引导状语从句时，分别相当于no matter what/who/which/when/where/how引导的从句，意为“无论……”。例如：

Whatever/No matter what he said, no one believed him.

Whoever/No matter who breaks the law, he will be punished.

Whichever/No matter which job you take, you should try to do well in it.

Whenever/No matter when I need his help, he comes immediately.

Wherever/No matter where you go, never forget your motherland.

However/No matter how busy he was, he would watch TV sports news every night.

注意whatever, whoever, whichever又可引导名词性从句，注意区别。可参阅本章第一节。

3）as引导让步状语从句要倒装，其结构通常是“noun/adj/adv + as + 主语+谓语(+其它成分)，主句”，可转换成though/although从句。

Child as he is, he knows a lot. （注意：名词前不用冠词）

=Although/Though he is a child, he knows a lot.

Difficult as the task was, they managed to finish it in time.

=Although/Though the task was difficult, they managed to finish it in time.

Much as I like it, I will not buy it.

=Although/Though I like it much, I will not buy it.

偶尔也可见用动词提前的让步状语从句。例如：

Try as he may, he can hardly do better than she.

=Although/Though he may try, he can hardly do better than she.

4）whether…or也可引导让步状语从句，相当于“no matter whether…or”。

Whether you come in winter or in summer, you will find it a nice place.

=No matter whether you come in winter or in summer, you will find it a nice place.

5．地点状语从句

1）地点状语从句常由where和wherever引导，通常可置于主句之前或之后。。

I found the books where I left them.

Make a mark where you have any questions.

We should go where(ver) we are most needed.

Where there is a will, there is a way.

Where there is water, there is life.

2）where引导的状语从句和where引导的定语从句常可转换，判断它属于哪类从句的关键是看where前面有没有被修饰的、表示地点的先行词。试比较：

Stand where you are! （状语从句）

Stand at the place where you are! （定语从句）

Bamboo grows best where it’s wet and rainy. （状语从句）

Bamboo grows best in places where it’s wet and rainy. （定语从句）

6．目的状语从句

1）目的状语从句通常由 (so) that, in order that引导,在口语或非正式文体中，有时也会用that或so引导。in order that 引导的目的从句可以放在主句后面，也可放在主句前面，而so that引导的从句通常放在主句后面。目的状语从句中的谓语常含有may(might), can(could), should, will等情态动词。例如：

He always takes a seat in the first row so that/in order that he can hear better.

（也可说成He always takes a seat in the first row so/that he can hear better.但用的较少。）

=In order that he can hear better, he always taked a seat in the first row.

The actress wore ordinary clothes in order that/so that she might not be recognized easily.

=In order that she might not be recognized easily, the actress wore ordinary clothes.

2）in case, for fear that, lest 等也可以引导目的状语从句，表示 “以防…、以免…” 。如：

He left early in case he should miss the train.

Take your raincoat in case it rains/should rain.

Mother hid the sweets and chocolates lest/for fear that her son should see them.

7．结果状语从句

1）结果状语从句常由so that, so… that, such… that等引导，放在主句之后，so…that与such…that句型在一定条件下可转换。例如：

The lift was out of order, so that we had to walk to the 18th floor.

He was so angry that he left the room without saying a word.

He made such an excellent speech that everyone admired him.

=He made so excellent a speech that everyone admired him.

在口语中也可用that引导结果从句。例如：

What have I said that he should be so angry with me?

2）so that引导结果状语从句和目的状语从句的辨别

so that从句之前有逗号的常为结果状语从句，因表示某一行为带来的结果，从句中的时态常为过去式；so that从句中有may(might), can(could), should, will等情态动词的通常是目的状语从句。例如：

I wrote as clearly as possible so that I might get high marks. （目的）

I wrote as clearly as possible, so that I got high marks. （结果）

He went to the lecture early so that he could get a good seat. （目的）

He went to the lecture early, so that he got a good seat. （结果）

8．方式状语从句

1）方式状语从句常由 (just) as, as if/though引导，表示动作的方式。

Do exactly as the doctor says.

He walked slowly as if/though he had hurt his leg.

注：在非正式文体中有时会用like代替as引导方式从句。

2）as if/though 引导的状语从句，若描述非事实情况，常用虚拟语气，若描述的是实际情况，用陈述语气。例如：

She treats the orphan as if/though he were her own child.

（他是孤儿，当然就不是她的亲生孩子，故用虚拟语气。）

It looks as if/though it’s going to rain.

（本句用的是陈述语气，说明天真象是要下雨了。）

3）the way 也可用来引导方式状语从句。例如：

Mary smiled the way (in which/that) her mother did at her age.

（马丽跟她母亲在她那个年纪时笑起来一个样。）

9．比较状语从句

1）比较状语从句常由as … as, not so (as) … as, than引导。比较从句部分常为省略句。例如：

His brother is as handsome as he (is)/him. （非正式英语中可用宾格him）

He swims faster than any other student in his class (does).

2）通常把the more…the more…结构也归为比较从句，意为“越……越”。如：

The harder you work, the greater progress you’ll make.

The less she worred, the better she worked.

典型例题分析

1．If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, ____ great it is. (’95)

A what B how C however D whatever

解析：本题考查-ever类词引导让步状语从句的用法。根据句意“无论困难有多大”，排除答案A/B，whatever=no matter what，后面跟名词或直接跟从句，however=no matter how，后跟形容词或副词，再接主语和谓语，故答案为C。

2．Mother was worried because Alice was ill, especially ____ Father was away in France. (’94)

A as B that Cduring D if

解析：根据前半句“妈妈因为Alice病了很着急”，后面有表示递进意义的词especially，顺着句意推测，应该是“尤其是因为父亲远在法国”，表示原因，故答案为A。注意during是介词，不能引导从句。

3．Why do you want a new job ____ you’ve got such a good one already? (’98)

A that B where C which D when

解析：本题考查when引导原因状语从句的特殊用法。本句意为“既然你已经有了一个好工作，为什么还要找份新工作呢？”A/B/C都没有表示原因的意思，不符合句意，故答案为D。

4．---What was the party like?

---Wonderful! It’s years ____ I enjoyed myself so much. (’93)

A after B before C when D since

解析：本题考查学生对”“It’s some time since sb. did sth.”结构的掌握，因一A/C般不用于此类句型，因此干扰最强的是before，而before常用句型为“It will be some time before sb. does sth.”，根据句子的意思及句中所用的时态，D为最佳选择。

5．We won’t give up ____ we should fail ten times. (’93)

A even if B since C whether D until

解析：解本题的关键是弄清空格前后两部分的关系，最佳的连接关系应该是“即使失败十次，我们也不放弃。” 符合句意的只有答案A。

6．John shut everybody out of the kitchen ____he could prepare his grand surprise for the party.

A which B when C so that D as if (2002)

解析：分析句子意思，发现“John把每个人都关在厨房外”的目的就是为了“能够准备他那别出心裁的晚会”，从句中的could是目的状语从句的标志，因此答案为能够引导目的状语从句的so that ( C )。

7．After the war, a new school building was put up ____ there had once been a theatre. (’97)

A that B where C which D when

解析：分析题干和选项，不难发现句子要表达的意思，“战后，在过去的剧院旧址上，新建了一所学校。”从空格到句末应该是一个表示地点的状语从句，故答案为B。

8．It is generally considered unwise to give a child ____ he or she wants. (97’)

A however B whatever C whichever D whenever

解析：本题句中从空格处到句末为一宾语从句，作give的直接宾语，因此排除答案A和D，而whichever引导名词性从句时， 所指代的名词应是已知范围内的人或物，通常在上文已经提到过或者在whichever后有该名词或of结构。Whatever在引导名词性从句时意为“anything that”，用于不定范围的情况，本句意为“一般认为孩子要什么就给什么是不明智的”，不确指什么东西，因此答案为B。

摘自《新编名师导学》

高考英语状语从句语法 篇5

状语从句可修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。

表示：地点、时间、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、行为方式、比较等。

as, when, while的区别

while用于时间较长时，强调两个动作同时进行，并表示对比;

as用于发生时间较短时，表示一边、、、一边、、、的意思;

when可以表示从句动词的动作在主句动词的动作“之前”或“之后”发生。

表原因的状语从句，since作“既然”解时

Since everybody is here, let’s begin.

Now that they have taken matters into their hands, the pace of events has quickened. 因为

表示目的、结果的状语从句

so that; so…that都可以引导目的状语从句和结果状语从句，区别在于：

1. 当它们引导目的状语从句时，从句的谓语里常有can, could, may, might, will, would等词;

2. 而当引导结果状语从句时则没有上述这些词，而且从内容上看主句和它们引导的结果状语从句有因果关系，主句为因，从句为果。

I’ll run slowly so that you can catch up with me. 目的

He ran slowly so that I caught up with him. 结果

He always studies so hard that he may make great progress. 目的

He always studies so hard that he made great progress. 结果

表示比较的状语从句

no more than 只不过(嫌少的意思)

not more than 不多于(客观的说明)

I have no more than two apples. 嫌太少了

They have learned no more than two thousand words. 才学了词，太少了。

状语从句高考热点精要 篇6

There is nothing permanent except change. (Heracleitus)

热点一：时间状语从句

【高考真题】

例1 (2011年四川卷)As is reported, it is 100 years ________Qinghua University was founded．



A.when

B.before

C.after

D.since

分析 答案D. 本题考查状语从句连词的用法。句型“It is+时间+since…”表示“自从……已经有多长时间了”。

例2 (2011年浙江卷)One Friday,we were packing to leave for a weekend away________ my daughter beard cries for help.

A.after

B.while

C.since

D.when

分析 答案D。本题考查状语从句。此处表示“就在这时,突然”。

例3 (2010年福建卷)The girl had hardly rung the bell________ the door was opened suddenly, and her friend rushed out to greet her.

A.before

B.until

C.as

D.since

分析 答案D。before引导时间状语从句,意思为“在……之前”。此处表示“还未来得及”。

例4 (2010年全国Ⅰ卷)Mary made coffee________ her guests were finishing their meal.

A.so that

B.although

C.while

D.as if

分析 答案C。此处while引导的是时间状语从句。

例5 (2010年全国Ⅱ卷)

Tom was about to close the windows________ his attention was caught by a bird．

A.when

B.if

C.and

D.till

分析 答案A。when常用于was/ were about to do…. when…和 was/were doing…when…的结构中,相当于just at that time。

【考点剖析】

1.常用来引导时间状语从句的关联词有as, when, whenever, while, before, since, after, till, until, as soon as等。

2.某些表示时间的副词、名词短语和介词短语也可引导时间状语从句。如directly, immediately, the instant, the moment, the minute, the day, the year, each/every time, next time, the first(second, last)time, by the time等。

3.在复合句中,主句用将来时,时间状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。

热点二：条件状语从句

【高考真题】

例1 (2011年山东卷) He had his camera ready________ he saw something that would make a good picture．

A.even if

B.if only

C.in case

D.so that

分析 答案C。本题考查in case引导的条件状语从句,意思是“以防,万一”。

例2 (2010年北京卷)________they decide which college to go to, students should research the admission procedures.

A.As

B.While

C.Until

D.Once

分析 答案D。此处once的意思是“一经；一旦”,强调条件。

例3 (2009年全国Ⅱ卷)All the dishes in this menu,________ otherwise stated, will serve two to three people.

A. as

B.if

C.though

D.unless

分析 答案D。根据语境,unless 引导条件状语从句。意思是“除非……”。

例4 (2009年陕西卷)My parents don’t mind what job I do________ I am happy.

A.even though

B.as soon as

C.as long as

D.as though

分析 答案C. 根据句意分析,此处as long as意为“只要”,引导条件状语从句。

【考点剖析】

常用来引导条件状语从句的连词有if, unless, when(如果),suppose, supposing, given that, in case(that),on condition that, as/so long as等。

热点三：让步状语从句

【高考真题】

例1 (2011年北京卷)________ volleyball is her main focus, she’s also great at basketball．

A.Since

B.Once

C.Unless

D.While

分析 答案D。本题考查while引导的让步状语从句,意思是“虽然/尽管”。不要误认为时间状语从句。

例2 (2011年新课标卷)Try________ she might, Sue couldn’t get the door open.

A.if

B.when

C.since

D.as

分析 答案D。本题考查as引导的让步状语从句,但从句必须倒装。

例3 (2011年江西卷)Please call my secretary to arrange a meeting this afternoon, or________ it is convenient to you．

A.whenever

B.however

C.whichever

D.wherever

分析 答案A。此处是whenever引导的让步状语从句,相当于no matter when,句子意思是：不管什么你方便的时候。

例4 (2011年四川卷)Frank insisted that he was not asleep________ I had great difficulty in waking him up．

A.whether

B.although

C.for

D.so

分析 答案B。本题是although引导的让步状语从句。句子意思是“虽然我很费劲叫醒他,他坚称没有熟睡。

例5 (2010年安徽卷)The engineer are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities,________ they have the interest.

A.wherever

B.whenever

C.even if

D.as if

分析 答案C。本题考查even if相当于even though引导的让步状语从句,意思是“即使”。

【考点剖析】

1.常用来引导让步状语从句的关联词有though, although, while, even if/though, whatever, whoever, whichever, however, whether…or…,no matter who等。

2.as引导的让步状语从句须倒装,从句中的表语、状语或动词原形位于句首,如果表语是名词,前置时要省冠词。

惟有变化才是永恒的。（赫拉克利特）

热点四：结果状语从句

【高考真题】

例1 (2007年上海卷)Pop music is such an important part of society________ it has even influence our language.

A.as

B.that

C.which

D.where

分析 答案B。应选用与前面的such连用引导结果状语从句的that。

例2 (2006年陕西卷)His plan was such a good one________ we all agreed to accept it.

A.so

B.and

C.that

D.as

分析 答案C。本题考查结果状语从句,such常与that搭配。如果把it去掉,则要选as引导的定语从句。

【考点剖析】

常用来引导结果状语从句的关联词有that, so(that),so…that, such…that等。

He had overslept, so that he was late for work. 他睡过了头,结果上班迟到了。

热点五：地点状语从句

【高考真题】

例1 (2010年重庆卷)Today, we will begin   we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out．

A.when

B.where

C.how

D.what

分析 答案B。本题考查复合句。Where在这里引导的是地点状语从句。When 表示时间,what 引导名词从句。

例2 (2009年江苏卷)________unemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former.

A.Before

B.Where

C.Unless

D.Until

分析 答案D。此处是where引导的地点状语从句。

例3 (2008年山东卷)You’d better not leave the medicine________ kids can get at it．

A.even if

B.which

C.where

D.so that

分析 答案C。本题考查地点状语从句。

【考点剖析】

1.常用来引导地点状语从句的关联词有where, wherever等。

2.指具体地点时,从句可以位于主句之前或之后；表示抽象条件的含义时,从句须放在主句之前。

3.注意区分where引导的定语从句与状语从句。

热点六：原因状语从句

【高考真题】

例1 (2008年山东卷) He found it increasingly difficult to read,________ his eyesight was beginning to fail

A.though

B.for

C.but

D.so

分析 答案B。本题考查几个连词的用法。其中只有for可以表示因果关系,达到解释说明的目的。

例2 (2008年北京卷)

—Did you return Fred’s call？

—I didn’t need to________ I’ll see him tomorrow.

A.though

B.unless

C.when

D.because

分析 答案D。此处表示最为直接的原因。

例3 (2006年广东卷)Jenny was very sad over the loss of the photos she had shot at Canada,________ this was a memory she especially treasured.

A.as

B.if

C.when

D.where

分析 答案A。本题考查状语从句中连词的辨析。根据语境,此处需要用as引导原因状语从句。

No road of flowers lead to glory. (La Fontaine)

【考点剖析】

1.常用来引导原因状语从句的关联词有because, for, as, since, now that等。

2.每个连词的含义不尽相同。英语中,除了状语从句外,一些介词短语同样可以表示原因,如：because of, thanks to, due to, owing to等。

热点七：状语从句的省略

【高考真题】

例1 (2008年安徽卷)

—Have you got any particular plans for the coming holiday？

—Yes,________, I’m going to visit some homes for the old in the city.

A. If ever

B.If busy

C.If anything

D.If possible

分析 答案D。此处是状语从句的省略。相当于if it is possible。

【考点剖析】

1.在时间、让步、方式、条件状语从句中,如果从句主语是it 或主句主语一致时,则从句中的主语和be动词通常省略。这种情况一般出现在when, while, unless, until, if, though/although 等引导的从句中。

2.在than, as 引导的比较状语从句中,在不影响句子要表达的完整意义的条件下,从句中的成分可省略。

3.如果从句的主语是it,同时谓语系动词为be, 可以省去it 和系动词be。

4.before 和after引导的从句无此用法。它们可以用做介词,后接名词,代词和动名词。

巩

固

练

习

1. the weather is warm, you can take the children to play outside．

A.Since

B.Unless

C.In case of

D.Though

2.You shouldn’t enter the office alone. Don’t enter the office________ told to.

A.if you have

B.once you

C.unless

D.until you have

3.He took care of the boy________ he were his own son.

A.because

B.as though

C.for

D.as

4.Doctor Godwin says that________ what forceful arguments against cigarette harm there are, many people insist on smoking.

A.though

B.however

C.no matter

D.even if

5.—Why didn’t you help the little boy？

—Oh, sorry. He had struggled to his feet   I ran over.

A.before

B.after

C.until

D.since

6.I was walking along the river________ I heard a cry for help．

A.while

B.since

C.when

D.as

7.We shouldn’t do that dangerous experiment   the teacher is with us．

A.if no

B.if

C.unless

D.as long as

8.They said that they would not give up________ they should fail again．

A.as if

B.even if

C.as though

D.so that

9.Only when the war was over in 1905________ to get a collage education．

A.he was able

B.he is able

C.was he able

D.is he able

10.You should made it a rule to leave things________ you can find them again．

A.when

B.where

C.then

D.there

11.The car helps to keep families together________ it is used for picnics, outings and other shared experiences.

A.so that

B.even though

C.unless

D.when

12.Mary is an honest girl; I say it,________ I don’t like her.

A.even though

B.as if

C.as long as

D.as though

13.________the term is finished, I’m going to rest a few days and then take a trip.

A.Now that

B.Even if

C.As if

D.So that

14.When you finish reading the books, please put the books________ they are.

A.when

B.at which

C.where

D.at the place which

15.He didn’t work it out________ I explained how to him．

A.unless

B.until

C.when

D.even

16.Once________ into Chinese, the novel is very popular among the young students．

A.translate

B.translating

C.translated

D.to translate

17.________you do, you must be careful!

A.No matter what

B.Whatever that

C.Whatever

D.No matter that

18.—Did you remember to give Smith the dictionary to him？

—Yes, I gave it to him________ I saw him.

A.while

B.the moment

C.suddenly

D.once

19.You should put the money somewhere safe   it gets stolen.

A.as

B.since

C.until

D.before

20.We’ll be able to get there on time________ our car doesn’t break down on the road.

A.as soon as

B.as far as

C.as well as

D.as long as

【答案与分析】

1.A 此句考查状语从句连词的选用,since 在此处表示“既然……”,如果选C,应用 In case。

2.C 连词unless后面是省略(you are)的结构。

3.B as though 意为“好像”, 从句中可用虚拟语气,而其余各项引导的从句不用虚拟语气。

4.C 此处no matter what表示“无论什么”,引导状语从句。

5.A 此处表示“在……之前”用before。

6.C when常用于was/ were about to do…. when…和 was/were doing…when…的结构中,相当于just at that time。

7.C 此处用unless引导状语从句,表示“除非”。

8.B as though, as if 同意,都为似非的意思,so that引导目的状语从句,与句意不合,故选even if 表示即使失败,他们也不会放弃。

9.C 此题考查的是only+状语从句开头的倒装句,且本句的时态为过去时。

10.B 此题目考查从句的连接词。根据题意,本题目应选择一个表示地点的连接词,引导一个地点状语从句,故只有where才对。

11.D 本题考查when引导的时间状语从句。句子意思是：当人们开车……时,……。

12.A 此处even though=even if, 句子意思是“Mary是一个诚实的女孩,即使我不喜欢她,我也这样说”。

13.A 此处now that=since 句子意思是：既然这学期要结束了,我打算休息几日后去旅行。

14.C 此句是一个用where 引导的状语从句,如果用定语从句的话应说at the place where。

15.B 此处用not…until 强调时间。表示“直到……才”。

16.C 此处是一个省略的过去分词做状语的从句。

17.A 此处考查no matter+疑问词引导的让步状语从句。

18.B 本题考查时间状语从句。The moment(that)=as soon as I saw her 表示“一……就……”。

19.D 本题考查时间状语从句,此处before 表示“以免(不好的事)发生”。