状语从句专练

状语从句专练（精选5篇）

状语从句专练 篇1

状语从句是指在主从复合句中用作状语的从句, 状语从句用来修饰主句中的动词、形容词、副词等。状语从句可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、条件、结果、方式、让步和比较状语从句。高考对状语从句的考查主要体现在从属连词的选择、状语从句与其他从句的辨析以及时态的正确使用上。弄清从属连词的意思, 根据语境选用合适的连词, 注意主从句时态的呼应是解题的关键。试题设问呈交叉和综合特点, 选项设计常常从定语从句和名词性从句的角度进行干扰。

一、时间状语从句

1. when, while和as引导的时间状语从句。

三者都可引导时间状语从句。when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词可用延续性动词, 也可用非延续性动词。while引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词只能用延续性动词。as引导的时间状语从句强调主句和从句的动作都在发展变化, 强调动作同时发生, 不指先后, 常译为“随着……”。when还可用作并列连词, 表示“这时”之意。while还可用来表示对比、对照。例如:

It happened to be raining when we got to Beijing.

Don′t talk too much while you are eating.

As the children were walking along the street, they sang happily.

2. before和until引导的时间状语从句。

两者都可引导时间状语从句。before强调主句动词的动作与从句动词的动作之间的先后关系。before在引导时间状语从句时, 一般不用否定式谓语, 意为“……之前, 不到……就……, 还来不及……就, ……才……”。用在“It will be + 一段时间+before...”结构中, 意为“多久之后才……”。until表示动作的阶段性, 主句是肯定式而且动词为非延续性动词时, 不能用until。not ...until表示“直到……才”, 此时可用非延续性动词。例如:

He had left before I could have a word with him.

It will be five years before we meet again.

He worked until it was midnight.

He didn′t join the army until he was 20years old.

3. since引导的时间状语从句。

在since引导的从句里, 谓语动词是非持续性动词的过去式, 从该动作发生时算起;如果是持续性动词的过去式, 就从该动作结束时算起。例如:

He has worked hard since he entered this school. (entered是非持续性动词, 就从entered的动作发生时算起。)

We haven′t seen each other since I worked in this factory. (worked是持续性动词, 就从worked的动作结束时算起。)

It′s two years since he joined the army. (joined是非持续性动词)

It′s two years since he smoked. (smoke是持续性动词)

4. 表示“一……就……”的时间状语从句。

as soon as, immediately, instantly, directly, the moment, the minute, no sooner...han, hardly/scarcely... when等可引导时间状语从句, 表示“一……就……”。其中当no sooner和hardly/scarcely置于句首时, 主句的谓语动词用倒装句结构。在no sooner...than和hardly... when引导的时间状语从句中, 主句的谓语动词用过去完成时, 从句的谓语动词用一般过去时。例如:

The moment I got off the train, I saw my fa⁃ther.

I had hardly got home when the phone rang. = Hardly had I got home when the phone rang.

【典例1】If you miss this chance, it may be years ______ you get another one. (2015 年重庆卷)

A.as B.before

C.since D.after

解析:B。句型“It + will be + 时间段+ be⁃fore...”表示“要过多久才……”。句意:如果你错过这次机会, 可能要等好几年才会再有。

【 典例2】It was the middle of the night______my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game. (2014 年江西卷)

A. thatB. as

C. whichD. when

解析:D。when引导时间状语从句。句意:当我的爸爸把我叫醒, 告诉我看足球赛的时候, 已经是半夜了。

二、条件状语从句

常用if和unless引导条件状语从句, 其中unless引导条件状语从句时, 从句的谓语动词只能用肯定式, 相当于if...not。once (一旦) , as/so long as (只要) , in case (如果) 等也可引导条件状语从句。例如:

Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water if they are not managed carefully.

I′ll go there tomorrow unless it rains. = I′ll go there tomorrow if it doesnt rain.

Take your umbrella with you, in case it should rain.

I will lend my car to you as long as you return it on time.

【典例1】It is so cold that you can′t go outside ______ fully covered in thick clothes. (2015年江苏卷)

A.if B.unless

C.once D.when

解析:B。unless意为“除非”, 引导条件状语从句。句意:外面太冷, 你不要出去, 除非用厚衣服完全裹起来。

【典例2】You won′t find paper cutting difficult ______ you keep practicing it. (2015 年北京卷)

A.even though B.as long as

C.as if D.ever since

解析:B。even though“即使, 尽管”;as long as“只要”;as if“犹如, 好像”;ever since“自从”。结合句意可知选B。

【典例3】______ the damage is done, it will take many years for the farmland to recover. (2015年北京卷)

A. UntilB. Unless

C. OnceD. Although

解析:C。根据句意可知once在此用作连词, 意为“一旦”, 符合句意。

三、地点状语从句

where引导的地点状语从句, 常译为“在……地方”, 可放在句首或句末。例如:

Where there is a will, there is a way.

We should go where we are most needed.

The factory is built where two rivers come together.

He advised me to live where the air is fresher.

【典例1】______ he once felt like giving up, he now has the determination to push further and keep on going. (2015年安徽卷)

A. WhereB. As

C. In caseD. Now that

解析:A。考查状语从句。where在此引导一个地点状语从句, 意为“在……地方”。

【典例2】 Half an hour later, Lucy still couldn′t get a taxi ______ the bus had dropped her. (2014年重庆卷)

A.until B.when

C.although D.where

解析:D。考查状语从句。where引导一个地点状语从句。

四、让步状语从句

1. although与though引导的让步状语从句。

两者均可表示“虽然”, 一般可互换, 且可与still, yet连用, 不能与but连用。另外, though还可用作副词, 置于句末, 意为“然而”。例如:

Although/Though it was raining hard, they still went out.

She said she would come;she didn′t, though.

2.while与as引导的让步状语从句。

while位于句首时, 意为“虽然, 尽管”, 相当于although。as引导让步状语从句时, 通常用倒装语序, though引导让步状语从句也有这种用法, 但although不能这样用。例如:

Teacher as/though he is, he can′t know everything.

While the problem is very difficult, I don′t think it can′t be solved.

3. even if, even though, whether...or... 等引导的让步状语从句。例如:

I won′t mind even if he doesn′t come.

【典例1】______ the students came from different countries, they got along quite well in the summer camp. (2015年福建卷)

A.While B.Unless

C.Since D.Until

解析:A。while在此表示“尽管”之意, 引导让步状语从句。

【典例2】______ scientists have learned a lot about the universe, there is much we still don′t know. (2015年安徽卷)

A.Once B.Since

C.Though D.Unless

解析:C。though表示让步或转折。根据句意可知这里是转折含义, 故选C。

五、原因状语从句

1. 常用because, since, as, for, now that ( 既然) 等引导原因状语从句。这几个说明原因的连接词中because语气最强, 表示直接的因果关系, 回答why提出的问题。例如:

—Why didn′t she come to school?

—Because she was ill.

Now that he has come, I will tell him the truth.

2. for引导原因状语从句时, for不能置于句首。for表示的是解释性、补充性的理由, 常指推测的根据。列如:

The ground is wet, for it rained last night. 地面是湿的, 因为昨晚下过雨。

【典例】Mark needs to learn Chinese ______his company is opening a branch in Beijing.

A.unless B.until

C.although D.since

解析:D。考查状语从句。since在此意为“由于, 因为”, 符合句意。since在此引导原因状语从句。

六、目的及结果状语从句

1. so that, in order that引导目的状语从句;so...that, such...that...引导结果状语从句。例如:

He sat in the front of the classroom so that he might hear the professor more clearly.

She works hard at her lessons in order that she can get a good job in the future.

He was in such a hurry that he forgot to take his flight ticket.

2. in case, for fear that引导目的状语从句时, 从句的谓语动词要用 (should) +动词原形。例如:

You′d better take an umbrella in case it should rain.

3. so...that... 与such...that... 引导结果状语从句的区别。

①so+形容词/副词+that从句

such+ a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+that从句

②so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+that从句

such+形容词+复数名词/不可数名词+that从句

例如:

Jim is so clever a boy that we all like him. =Jim is such a clever boy that we all like him.

It is such fine weather that we all want to have a picnic outside.

【典例1】I′ll be out for some time. ______anything important happens, call me up immediately. (2014年四川卷)

A. In caseB. As if

C. Even thoughD. Now that

解析:A。in case意为“万一”, 在这里引导目的状语从句。

【典例2】Cathy had quit her job when her son was born______she could stay home and raise her family. (2014年浙江卷)

A.now that B.as if

C.only if D.so that

解析:D。so that引导目的状语从句。根据句意可知选D。

七、强化训练

(一) 单句语法填空

在下列句子的空白处填入适当的词语。

1.___________I admit your suggestionsounds reasonable, I won′t adopt it because it inot practical.

2.—Where is my e-dictionary?

—I′m sorry I am using it. I will return to you___________ I look up the new word.

3. The book appeals so much to readers___________ it caters well to the tastes of all ages.

4. In our city, housing prices are higher___________ there are key middle schools.

5. According to China′s environmental laws, a power plant has to pass an environmental impact assessment ___________ construction starts.

6.We cannot understand disease __________we understand the person who has the disease.

7. As a rule I catch the seven o′clock subway to work ___________ I can be sure of getting a seat.

8.Li Jianrou was lucky, ___________ all other three competitors stumbled in front of her in the women′s 500 meters short track final, making her China′ s first gold winner in the Sochi Winter Olympics.

9. Medicine should be kept ___________ it is not accessible to kids.

10. The fire was so big that it was several hours ___________ firefighters could get it under control.

11. Yaan, Sichuang is seeing improvements in life after the earthquake, ___________ life is still far from normal.

12.___________ the Internet is an anonymous (匿名的) electronic system, consumers want to feel as if the website owner knows about and cares about them as individuals.

13.—Every bird likes its own nest.

—Yes. A nest is to a bird ___________ a house is to a man.

14.___________I know, the computer can never take the place of the human brain.

15.____________ he comes back, I′ll go to pick him up at the airport.

16. —Mary looks so excited and happy.

—So will you ____________ you win the first prize in the next English speech competition.

17.____________ compared with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean doesn′t seem big at all.

18. I was so tired that I fell asleep___________ my head touched the pillow.

19. I thought her nice and honest____________ I met her.

20. ____________ asks her for advice, she is always ready to help.

21. Fewer visitors invited by him came___________ I expected.

22. It will not be long____________ we can have a trip to the moon.

23.____________ the days went on, the weather got worse.

24. If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, ____________ great it is.

25. She is always listening to music___________ doing her homework.

26. They caught the thief. Then they bound his legs ___________ he couldnt escape.

27. He had to be called two or three times___________ he would come to his dinner.

28. ___________ bad weather stops me, I jog every day.

29. Take a hat with you during the trip___________ the sun is very hot.

30.____________ the job takes a significant amount of time, most students agree that the experience is worth it.

(二) 语篇型语法填空

阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。

A

Eating a full English breakfast can help you lose weight, a new study suggests.

Research shows having sausage, egg1bacon instead of low-fat cereals ( 谷类食物) or fruit for the first meal of the day helps to fight2 (hungry) off and avoid the urge to overeat later in the day.

An experiment at the University of Missouri on a group of women3 (range) from 18years old to 55 years old showed a high protein breakfast4 (keep) them feeling full longer5a meal with less protein but the same amount of fat and fiber.

The team, 6was led by research scientist, Dr. Kevin Maki, found7 (eat) around 35 grams of protein for breakfast helped regulate (控制) appetite.

Dr. Heather Leidy, 8assistant professor, explained, “ In the USA, many people9 (choice) to skip breakfast or choose low protein foods because of a lack of high protein choices.”

Dr. Leidy said, “These results show proteinrich meals can help women feel full10lunchtime and potentially avoid overeating and improve diet quality.”

B

Once I had a loose tooth, I asked my father, a dentist, to examine it.“It needs1 (pull) , ”he told me. My dad took out some tissues (纱布) and I closed my eyes, 2 (expect) a sharp pain.I was still waiting for him to pull3I heard my father say, “I′m done.”I opened my eyes and saw my tooth in his tissue-covered hand. I4 ( feel) no pain at all. I thought my father was5magician.

The next day at school I bragged (吹嘘) to a friend about my father′s remarkable feat.6I explained that the process hadn′t hurt, my friend called me a liar. He said that when he had his tooth7 (pull) , it hurt a lot. I talked to my father about this and there was not a single mystery left after my father’s8 (explain) : my tooth had been ready to be extracted, 9my friend′s had not.

“I′m going to be a dentist, ”I declared. Years later, the dream of a child has not diminished but actually grown firmer. Now I realize that hard work is necessary to be a dentist. I must work hard to make my dream10 (come) true.

C

Thousands of female engineers have joined1Twitter campaign. They want to break down stereotypes (固定模式) . Their issue is about2female engineers should look like.

As of Aug. 6, more than 75, 0003 (woman) used the website Look Like An Engineer to post photos of themselves and promote gender4 ( diverse) in technology. The campaign started when Isis Anchalee, an engineer at tech startup One Login, attracted a lot of attention. It came after her photo5 (appear) in a recruitment ad for her company.

In the ad, Anchalee has long, wavy hair and wears glasses. She6 (see) smiling in a black T-shirt7 (bear) her company logo. Many people could not believe that an8 ( attract) woman could also be an engineer at a tech company.Some thought that the company had hired a model for its recruiting efforts.

“I didn′t want any of this attention. But9I can use this to put a spotlight on gender issues in tech, I consider that to be at least one win, ”she said. She suggested people10 ( use) the website to post photos of themselves.

参考答案与解析:

(一) 单句语法填空

1. While/Though/Although。本句是让步状语从句。句意:虽然我承认你的建议听起来有道理, 但我不会采纳它, 因为这个建议不实用。

2. the moment/as soon as。从属连词the mo ment/as soon as意为“一……就……”, 引导时间状语从句。

3. because。“___________ it caters well to the tastes of all ages.”是一个原因状语从句, 故用because引导。

4. where。从属连词where在此引导一个地点状语从句。

5. before。从属连词before在此引导一个时间状语从句。

6. unless。从属连词unless意为“除非”, 在此引导一个条件状语从句。

7. so that。从属连词so that意为“ 因此, 以便”。句意:我通常是赶七点的地铁去上班, 这样才能保证有座位坐。

8. as/because。从属连词as/because在此引导一个原因状语从句。

9. where。从属连词where引导地点状语从句, 常译为“在……地方”。

10. before。从属连词before在此意为“在……之前”。

11. though。though在此引导让步状语从句。

12. even though/if。even though/ if意为“即使”, 引导状语从句。

13. what。A is to B what C is to D. 意为“A对B而言正如C对D一样。”

14. As far as。as far as引导状语从句时, 意为“就……, 尽……”, as far as I know意为“就我所知”。

15.As soon as /The moment。as soon as /the moment引导时间状语从句。

16. if。if引导条件状语从句。句意:——Mary看起来很兴奋和高兴。——如果你在下次英语演讲比赛中得了一等奖的话, 你也会这样的。

17. When。本句是一个省略的时间状语从句。句意:当与整个地球大小相比较的时候, 最大的海洋似乎显得一点也不大。

18. As soon as /The moment。as soon as /the moment引导时间状语从句。句意:我是如此疲劳以至于我的头一挨枕头我就睡着了。

19. the first time/the moment/when。the first time/the moment/when引导时间状语从句。句意:我第一次见到他时, 我就觉得他好心和诚实。

20. No matter who。no matter who引导让步状语从句, 相当于whoever。句意:无论是谁向她请教, 她总是乐意帮忙。

21. than。根据fewer可以判断出这是一个比较状语从句, 故本句应填than。

22. before。“It will not be/was not long before...”, 意为“不久就……”。

23. As。as引导时间状语从句, 意为“随着”。as引导时间状语从句强调两个动作的发展变化。句意:随着时间的推移, 天气变得越来越差。

24. however。however引导让步状语从句。句意:如果我们意志坚强, 我们就可能克服任何困难, 不管困难有多大。

25. while。状语从句采用了省略形式, 后面可补充为“while she is doing her homework”。

26. so that。从后面的情态动词couldn′t可以判断出这是一个目的状语从句, 故用so that。so that意为“以便, 为了”, 引导目的状语从句。

27 before。before引导时间状语从句。根据句意可知应填before。

28. Unless。unless意为“除非”, 引导让步状语从句。句意:除非天气太差, 我每天都坚持慢跑。

29. in case。in case意为“万一, 以防”, 引导目的状语从句。

30. Although。although意为“虽然, 尽管”, 引导让步状语从句。

(二) 语篇型语法填空

A

【解题导读】本文为说明文。研究发现吃饱早餐, 吃好早餐有助于减肥。

1. Or。前后名词之间为选择关系, 故用并列连词or。

2. Hunger。应用名词作宾语。

3. ranging。用现在分词作定语, 修饰women。动词短语range from意为“从……到……变动”。

4. kept。根据主语的时态showed可知宾语从句的谓语动词也应用一般过去时态。

5. than。longer说明这里用了形容词的比较级形式, 故本空应填从属连词than。

6. which。非限制性定语从句缺少主语, 故填which。

7. eating。用动名词作句子的主语。

8. an。不定冠词在此表泛指。

9. choose。根据or后的choose可知本空应用choice的动词形式作谓语。

10. until。介词until在此意为“一直到……的时候”。

B

【解题导读】本文为记叙文。一个小孩在体验了父亲高超的拔牙技术后, 决定长大后成为像他父亲一样的牙医。

1. to be pulled。need后面应接不定式。且it与pull之间存在被动关系, 故用不定式的被动语态形式。

2. expecting。本空应用现在分词表示伴随状况。

3.when。并列连词when在此意为“这时”。

4.had felt。考查时态。feel的动作发生在opened my eyes之前, 故用过去完成时态。

5. a。不定冠词在此表示泛指。

6. When。从属连词when引导一个时间状语从句。

7. pulled。用过去分词作宾补。have sth.done意为“让/叫/使/请别人做某事”。

8. explanation。应用名词形式作宾语。

9.while。并列连词while在此表示“对照”。

10.come。动词make后面常接不带to的不定式作宾补, 故本空填come。

C

【解题导读】本文为记叙文。成千上万的女性工程师加入到了一个推特运动。她们想打破固有的女性工程师的形象, 塑造女性工程师全新的形象。

1. a。不定冠词在此表示泛指。

2. what。宾语从句缺少宾语, 故用what引导宾语从句。

3.women。此处应用名词的复数形式。

4.diversity。应用名词形式作宾语。

5. appeared。根据前面的时态可以判断出, 此处用一般过去时态。

6. is seen。she和see之间存在被动关系, 故用被动语态形式。根据前面的时态可知此处应用一般现在时态。

7. bearing。用现在分词作定语, 修饰T-shirt。

8. attractive。应用形容词作定语。

9.if。从属连词if引导一个条件状语从句。

10.use。考查虚拟语气。suggest后面的宾语从句要求用虚拟语气。

状语从句专练 篇2

原因状语

一、引导原因状语从句的从属连词

主要的有because, as, since,seeing (that), now (that), considering (that)，in that等：

The woolly shrank because it was washed badly. 毛衣因洗的方法不好而缩水。

I can’t get to sleep because of the noise outside. 由于外面声音嘈杂我睡不着。

Since [As] we’ve no money, we can’t buy it. 由于我们没钱，我们无法购买它。

Seeing that it’s raining, we’d better stay indoors. 既然外边在下雨，我们最好待在室内。

Now that you are here, you’d better stay. 你既然来了，最好还是留下吧(既来之，则安之)。

【注】除以上提到的大家比较熟悉的引导原因状语从句的从属连词外，when有时也可引导原因状语从句(when表示“既然”)

I won’t tell you when you won’t listen. 既然你不想听，我就不告诉你了。

二、关于not…because结构

该结构中的否定词有时否定主句，有时否定从句，一般要根据句子的意思作出正确或合乎逻辑的理解。若not否定主句，最好在because之前用逗号，否则会引起歧义，如下句在没有特定上下文时就有两种解释：

I didn’t go because I was afraid. 我没有去是因为怕。/ 我不是因为怕才去。

不过若because之前有just修饰，一般认为not 是否定从句的：

You shouldn’t get angry just because some people speak ill of you. 你不要因为有人说你坏话而生气。

三、because习惯上不与so连用

汉语习惯上说“因为…所以…”，但英语习惯上却不能将 so与because 连用：

因为下雨，所以我们呆在家里。

正：Because it was raining, we stayed at home. / It was raining, so we stayed at home.

误：Because it was raining, so we stayed at home.

四、because从句与 because of短语的转换

Because引导的原因状语从句有时可与because of 短语转换，because of后加的原因可以为好或坏

但最正规的还是because He can’t come because he is ill. / He can’t come because of his illness. 他因病不能来。

I said nothing about it because his wife was there. / I said nothing about it because of his wife’s being there. 因为他妻子在那儿，我对此事只字未提。

用法说明

2用法说明1. because引导的原因状语从句一般放于主句之后，because从句位于句首时要用逗号分开，放在句末 时，可不用逗号分开。because表示直接原因， 语气最强， 最适合回答 why引导的疑问句。

2. since引导的原因状语从句一般放于主句之前表示已知的、显然的理由(通常被翻译成“既然”)， 较为正式， 语气比because弱。

3. as 引导原因状语从句时表示附带说明的“双方已知的原因”， 语气比since弱， 较为正式， 位置较为灵活(常放于主句之前)。

状语从句 篇3

状语从句的类型

时间状语从句

常用的引导词有when, while, before, after, until, as soon as, since等。

注意:其中when, before, after, until, as soon as引导的时间状语从句, 用一般现在时来代替将来时。

1.when, while

when引导时间状语从句, 意为“当……时”, 表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时或先后发生。when引导的从句既能与终止性动词连用, 也能与延续性动词连用。如:

I feel very happy when you come to see me.

When you are crossing the street, you must be careful.

while引导的时间状语从句, 意为“与……同时”, “在……期间”, 从句中的动词通常都是延续性动词或表示状态的动词。如:

They rushed in while we were discussing problems.

Father looked after the dog while I was out.

2.before, after, as soon as

before表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之前, 意为“在……之前”;after表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之后, 意为“在……之后”;as soon as表示主句的动作是紧接在从句动作之后发生的, 意为“一……就……”。如:

You should make a good plan before you do anything important.

He called me after he had finished his work.

I’ll tell him about it as soon as he comes back.

3.until (till)

until (till) 在肯定句中, 只能与延续性动词连用, 意为“到……为止”;在否定句中, 可与短暂性动词连用, 意为“直到……才”, 这时till和until可以用before替换。如:

I’ll stay here until you come back. (stay表示的动作可以持续)

He didn’t go to bed until he finished his homework. (go to bed表示的动作不能持续, 但否定意义表示状态, 可持续)

4.since引导时间状语从句时, 意为“自从……”, 主句常用现在完成时表可延续动作或状态, 从句用一般过去时。也可用在“It is+一段时间+since+时态为一般过去时的从句”的句型中。如:

We haven’t seen each other for eight years since we met last time.

It is eight years since we met last time.

条件状语从句

常用的引导连词有if和unless, 表示假如有从句动作的发生, 就会或不会有主句动作的发生。如:

If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go there by bike.

Unless it rains, we will go there by bike.

注意:与时间状语从句一样, 条件状语从句中, 从句用一般现在时表将来。

原因状语从句

常用的引导词有because, as和since。

由why提出的问题, 须用because引导的从句来回答;对于显而易见的原因, 常用as或since引导的从句来回答。as和since引导的从句常放在主句之前, 而because引导的从句常放在主句之后。如:

—Why are you late again?

—Because my bike broke on my way.

As it was raining hard, we had to be indoors.

Since you’re not feeling well, you’d better not go to work today.

注意:同一复合句中, 主句和从句只需用一个连词连接, 故because不能与so同时出现。

地点状语从句

常用的引导词有where和wherever。如:

Where there is a will, there is a way.

We’ll go wherever you like.

结果状语从句

常用句式主要有so/such…that…, 意为“如此……以至于……”。

so...that...结构在某种情况下可以与too...to...和enough to结构互换。如:

She is so young that she can’t go to school.

She is too young to go to school.

She isn’t old enough to go to school.

目的状语从句

常用的连词有so that和in order that, 意为“以便”, “为了”, 可用to, so as to或in order to替换, 将句子合并为简单句。如:

He got up early so that he could get to school on time.

He got up early (so as) to get to school on time.

In order to get to school on time, he got up early.

让步状语从句

常用的引导词有although/though, whoever, however, whatever等。如:

Although he is very young, he knows several languages.

However hard he tries, he can not make it.

注意:同一句中, although/though不能与but同时出现。

巩固练习:

( ) 1.We were getting ready to go out________it began to rain.

A.whereB.whenC.sinceD.while

( ) 2.While she________TV in the sitting room, the bell________.

A.watching, ringsB.is watching, rang

C.was watching, rang D.watched, was ringing

( ) 3.He was________angry to hear the news that he couldn’t say a word.

A.soB.suchC.tooD.very

( ) 4.—Do you know Betty very well?

—Yes, she and I________friends since we met in Guangzhou last summer.

A.have made B.have become C.have been D.have turned

( ) 5.—I’m going to Hangzhou for a holiday this weekend.

—________you are there, can you buy me some green tea?

A.BecauseB.SinceC.WhileD.After

( ) 6.If you________him tomorrow, please ask him if he________to work on the farm with us

A.see, goesB.will see, going C.will see, will goD.see, will go

( ) 7.It is four months________I started learning chemistry.

A.beforeB.sinceC.afterD.until

( ) 8.________it snowed heavily yesterday, but little Kate got to school on time.

A.AlthoughB.ThoughC.BecauseD./

( ) 9.He knew nothing about the matter________Mary told him yesterday.

A.becauseB.ifC.untilD.since

( ) 10.Peter saves money________he can buy some birthday presents for his mother.

A.in order toB.so thatC.so as toD.such that

状语从句复习 篇4

(1) --- 基本概念、难点和易错点 状语从句的难点在于对较为复杂的连接词的理解。 1. 时间状语从句 时间状语从句的连接词较为复杂，尤其要注意某些关联词之间的区别。 连接词: when; whenever; as; while; until; once; as soon as; before; after; since; ever since; … 例句： * I’ll tell him when /as soon as /after he comes back. *Boards are laid down to protect the stones while the repair work is going on. (while此时强调在…期间。) *As he spoke two men came down the garden path. (As此时强调时间状语从句的动作与主句动作同时发生。) *He was about to leave when the telephone rang. (when此时强调时间的一点。) * Three months passed before I realized it. * It’ll be years before we can see each other again. (以上两句中的before基本含义是“在… 之前”，但在中文表达上却要有十分灵活的译法, 如第一句译为“不知不觉三个月过去了。第二句译为 “我们要过好多年才能再见。) * I have been writing a play ever since / since I came over. (ever since 是since 的强调形式，意为“自从… 起至今”，since/ever since 引导的从句动词用一般过去时，主句动词用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。) * Once you begin you couldn’t stop. (once 意为“一旦”，= from the moment that ) * Whenever he stayed home in the evening he went to bed early. (这里需注意whenever与 when的区别。whenever = any time when,指多次。when则指某一次如：When he stayed home last Sunday evening, he went to bed early.) * He didn’t leave until I came back ( not… until意为“直到……才”全句译为“他直到我回来才走。”上面的句子还可以用另种方式表达He stayed until I came back.可以看出didn’t leave = stayed, until是指主句的动作直延续until后的动作发生为止 练习(练习答案在本单元结束时给出。) 1. She comes to talk to me ___ she feels lonely 2. ____ you object to (反对)a man, everything he does is wrong。 3. We haven’t seen each other _____we saw last。 4. I never ______ yesterday spoke of it to anyone. 5. I will be kind to him _____ you are away. 6. I will tell him about it ___ he comes back. 7. It was a long time ___ I got to sleep again. 8. It won’t be long ___ you’ll have to recycle your rubbish. 2.地点状语从句 连接词 where, wherever 地点状语从句的连接词较为简单wherever = any where 练习： 1. Wuhan lies ___ the Changjiang and Han River meet. 2. ______ I live there are plenty of sheep. 3. _____ I am I will be thinking of you. 4. They went ______ they could find work. 3.原因状语从句 连接词 because; as; since; now that(既然); for 例句：

*He didn’t go to school because his mother was ill. (because从句表主句动作发生的直接原因，常常位于主句后.) *Since /Now that/ As you can’t answer the question, perhaps we’d better ask someone else. (since, as, no that意为“既然”，它们表原因的口气较because弱，它们引导的从句常常位于主句之前。) * It must be 6 o’clock in the morning, for the birds are singing. (显然for引导的从句the birds are singing决不是It must be 6 o’clock的直接原因，而是表说话人在主句中表达的推测的根据. 练习： 1. _______ everybody is here, let’s begin our meeting。 2. I do it _____I like it. 3. He must have realized my surprise, ______ he smiled as he repaired my shoes. 4. He must have arrived in Shanghai, _____ he left two days ago. 4.条件状语从句 连接词： if; unless ; as (so) long as (只要);suppose ( 假设); on condition that (条件是); … 例句： * You’ll be late unless you hurry. * You’ll be late if you don’t hurry. (可以看出 unless = if … not ) * As (So) long as we don’t lose heart, we’ll find a way to solve the problem. ( as (so) long as 意为 “只要… 就…”) * Suppose we can’t get the necessary equipment, what shall we do? (suppose 意为 “万一” “假设”) * We’ll let you use the room on condition that you keep it clean and tidy. (on condition that在此句中可译为“如果”，但其实际含义为“以…为条件”。) 练习： 1. I am happy _______ you are happy. 2. _______ your father saw you what would he say? 3. He was allowed to go swimming _____ he kept near the other boys. 练习答案： 时间状语从句 1. whenever 2. Once 3. since / ever since 4. until 5. while 6. when / after/ as soon as 7. before 8. before 地点状语从句

状语从句复习(2)

--- 基本概念、难点和易错点

5. 目的状语从句

连接词：

in order that; so that; that; in case (以免); for fear that (唯恐);…

例句：

*Let’s hurry so that / in order that / that we can catch the early bus.

(so that = in order that, that 是so that 的省略形式)

* We all seemed afraid to say what was in our minds, for fear that it might start trouble.

(显然, for fear that 与上句中的关联词含义正好相反,表达“担心”或“不愿发生”的结果。)

* Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold.

(in case 意为 “以防万一”)

练习：

1. I don’t think I’ll need any money but I’ll bring some _____.

2. He is working hard ______ he should fall behind.

3. We sent the letter by air mail _______ it might reach them in good time.

6. 结果状语从句

连接词：

so… that; such… that; so that; that; so;…

例句：

* We left in such a hurry that we forgot to lock the door.

* He was so excited that he could hardly go to sleep.

* He didn’t plan the time well, so that (so) he didn’t finish the work on time.

* What has happened that you all look so excited?

( so that 既可引导目的状语从句又可引导结果状语从句, 一般讲,表目的状语从句中有may, might, can, could 出现, 如: We sent the letter by air mail so that it might reach them in good time. 另外, 表结果时, 还可用 that或so, 它们相当于 so that.)

练习：

1. He got up late _____ he missed the early bus.

2. This is ______ a good film _____ everybody wants to see it.

7. 让步状语从句

连接词：

though (although); 虽然

even if (even though); 即使;即便

no matter(who/ what/ where/ …); 无论谁 (什么, 哪 …)

( = whoever; whatever, wherever, …)

例句：

* Although/ though I tried several times, I failed in the end.

* Even if he comes here, he won’t help us.

* However much I tried, I failed to work it out.

* No matter where he goes, he is always ready to help others.

练习：

1. We’ll try to finish the work in time ____ we are short of manpower.

2. You mustn’t be conceited (骄傲)______ you’ve achieved great success.

3. Do what you think is right ______ difficulties you may have.

练习答案:

目的状语从句

1. in case 2. for fear that 3. so that / that / in order that

结果状语从句

1. so that / so / that 2. such … that

让步状语从句

1. though; although / even if; even though

( though; although 表示我们缺人手; 虽然缺, 也要尽力完成工作. ; even if; even though 则表示我们不一定缺人手, 即便缺,也要…)

2. though; although / even if; even though (区别同上)

3. whatever / no matter what

状语从句复习(3)

--- 基本概念检测

I. 单项选择

1. _____ Mary is grown up, it doesn’t mean that she can do whatever she likes.

A. Because B. After C. Though D. Since

2. You had better go home and feed the cat ______ it decides to bite the furniture.

A. until B. before C. after D. when

3. Let’s begin our class ______ everybody is here.

A. although B. until C. even if D. now that

4. He was about to leave _______ I got there.

A. until B. when C. before D. as soon as

5. _____ days went on, the weather got worse.

A. With B. Since C. While D. As

6. I will start to work ______ I am given enough money.

A. unless B. though C. as long as D. even if

7. He never thought that his success came ______ he least wanted it.

A. while B. until C. since D. when

8. It will not be long _______ we meet again.

A. before B. soon C. since D. after

9. You are going to miss the bus ______ you hurry.

A. even B. if C. how D. unless

10. ______ reason, you should not have refused his invitation.

A. However B. What C. Whatever D. No matter

11. You may leave the classroom when you ____ writing.

A. will finish B. are finishing C. have finished D. had finished

12. ________, Mother will wait for him to have dinner together.

A. However late is he B. However he is late

C. However is he late D. However late he is

13. She was ill, ______ she didn’t come to school this morning.

A. since B. because C. as D. for

14. Write clearly ______ your teacher can understand you correctly.

A. since B. for C. because D. so that

15. Why do you want a new job _______ you’ve got such a good one already?

A. that B. where C. which D. when

16. You should make it a rule to leave things ______ you can find them again.

A. when B. where C. then D. there

17. ________ he comes, we won’t be able to go.

A. Without B. Unless C. Except D. Even

18. --- What was the party like?

--- Wonderful. It was years _______ I had enjoyed myself so much.

A. after B. when C. before D. since

19. John plays football _____, if not better than, David.

A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as

20. Mother was worried because little Alice was ill, especially _____ Father was away in France.

A. as B. that C. during D. if

21. --- I’m going to the post office.

--- _______ you’re there, can you get me some stamps?

A. As B. While C. Because D. If

22. The WTO cannot live up to its name _______ it does not include a country that is

home to one fifth of mankind.

A. as long as B. while C. if D. even though

23. --- I got ________ I am by hard work.

--- No, you didn’t. You got ________ with your father’s money.

A. there; where B. where; there C. there; there D. where; where

24. ______ you’ve got a chance, you might as well make full use of it.

A. Now that B. After C. Although D. As soon as

25. I ________ to bed until father came back.

A. went B. hadn’t gone C. didn’t go D. would go

26. I don’t think she’ll be upset, but I’ll see her ________ she is.

A. unless B. in case C. if D. although

27. ________ I live, I will work for my country.

A. So far B. So long as C. If D. While

28. Most plants need sunlight just _______ they need water.

A. because B. when C. as D. for

29. ________ you are willing to bring your camera, we could still take some pictures.

A. Although B. Because C. No matter how D. Whether or not

30. _______ I tried, I couldn’t fill the pen with ink.

A. Whatever B. However C. When D. Whenever

答案:

1---5 CBDBD 6---10 CDADC 11---15 CDDDD

16---20 DBDBA 21---25 BCBAC 26---30 BBCDB

注释:

No. 5 : as 意为 “随着”

No. 7: when 指时间的 “一点”, 此句指 “他在最不抱希望的那一刻获得了成功.”

No. 11 : 状语从句中的动作如发生在将来,时态要用一般现在时, 如强调动作的

结果, 可用现在完成时。

No. 12: 注意，所有从句都要用陈述语序，另外，however 与late 不可分。

No. 13: She was ill, 实际是说话人的一种推测，即：She must have been ill.

No. 15:job 后非定语从句，故A和C都是错误的，全句意为“当(时间的一点)

你已经得到这么好的工作的时候，干吗还要再找新的工作呢?”

No. 19:as well as 引导的是比较状语从句。全句意为“ John踢足球如果不比David

好，至少也和他一样好。

No. 21:对话第一句表明对话前者已决定去邮局，故D错;另外去邮局和帮买邮

票也不存在因果关系，故C错;while 此时强调“在… 期间”。

No.24: 全句意为“既然(now that)你能得到这样一个机会，你也完全可以充分利

用它。

No. 28: as 意为“正如”。

No. 29: we could still take some pictures 意为“我们仍旧可以照相”，由此判定从

句意为“无论你愿不愿意带相机”， 故D为正确选项。

由以上分析可以看出，状语从句连接词的确定主要取决于句子的含义，在有上下文时，更要注意上下文的提示作用;而正确理解状语从句的含义，对于理解结构复杂的文章则起着至关重要的作用。

状语从句专练 篇5

一、译成条件状语从句

英语的定语从句如果在意义上具有表明主句条件的含义, 在翻译时可以加上汉语表示条件关系的词语, 如“如果”等词, 并转译成汉语相应的从句。

如:In fact, it is difficult to see how journalists who do not have a clear grasps of the basic features of the Canadian Constitution can do a competent job on political stories.译成条件状语时, 很多情况下都是定语从句紧随主语之后, 本句情况也是如此, 本句的定语从句是“who do not have a clear grasps of the basic features of the Canadian Constitution”, 译为“记者们还没有清楚地掌握加拿大宪法的主要特征”, 主句是“how journalists can do a competent job on political stories.”译为“他们是如何胜任报道政治事件这一工作的”, 两者之间的关系是前者是后者的条件。译文:事实上, 如果记者还没有清楚地掌握加拿大宪法的主要特征, 就很难看出他们是如何胜任报道政治事件这一工作的。

二、译成让步状语从句

英语的定语从句如果在意义上具有表明主句让步的含义, 在翻译时可以加上汉语表示让步关系的词语, 如“虽然”等词, 并转译成汉语相应的从句。

如:Immigrants are quickly fitting into this common culture, which may not be altogether elevating but is hardly poisonous.本句也是由两个层次组成, 一个是主句“Immigrants are quickly fitting into this common culture, ”从句是“which may not be altogether elevating but is hardly poisonous.”这句话中有明显的连接词“but”, 这里我们只能将which译为“虽然”。译文:移民很快适应了这种共同的文化, 这虽然总体上算不上是振奋人心, 却几乎毫无害处。

三、译成转折状语从句

英语的定语从句如果在意义上具有表明主句转折的含义, 在翻译时可以加上汉语表示转折关系的词语, 如“但是”“而”等词, 并转译成汉语相应的从句。

如:The American middle-class family that once could count on hard work and fair play to keep itself financially secure has been transformed by economic risk and new realities.本句仍然是两个层次, 主句为“The American middle-class family has been transformed by economic risk and new realities”, 译为“美国中产阶级家庭已经被经济风险和新的现实给改变了”, 从句是“that once could count on hard work and fair play to keep itself financially secure”, 译为“曾经指望通过刻苦的工作和公平竞争来确保他们的经济稳定”。分别翻译后确定这两句是转折关系, 说的是从前和现在。这个定语从句是一个转折状语从句。译文:美国中产阶级家庭曾经指望通过刻苦的工作和公平竞争来确保他们的经济稳定, 但是这一点已经被经济风险和新的现实给改变了。

四、译成目的状语从句

当英语的定语从句所修饰的先行词出现在主句的宾语位置上时, 翻译时有可能译为目的状语从句, 译为“为了”“以”“以便”等词, 并转译成汉语相应的从句。

如:Because I wanted my kids’deposits to grow at a pace that hold their attention, I offered an attractive interest rate——five per cent a month.这个句子中的原因状语从句Because I wanted my kids’deposits to grow rapidly at a pace that hold their attention中又带了一个定语从句that hold their attention来修饰pace, 这部分句子可以拆分为3个层次的意思:1.因为我希望孩子的存款迅速增长;2.以一种速度;3.引起孩子的注意。其中定语从句部分说明的是“以这个速度”增长的目的, 所以定语从句在整个原因状语从句中体现的是一种目的。译文:因为我希望孩子们的存款速度足以引起他们的注意, 便给他们一个惊人的利率——月息五厘。

摘要：在考研英语的文章中, 复合句出现频率很高, 而且经常出现从句套从句的状况, 这其中定语从句是最常出现的。也是最难理清中文思路的。我们曾经讨论了定语从句转化为原因状语和结果状语从句的情况。本文作者仍以考研英语文章中的句子为语料, 介绍考研英语中定语从句转化为条件状语从句、让步状语从句和转折状语从句的辨别和翻译。

关键词：考研英语,定语从句,状译法

参考文献

[1]陈定安.英汉对比与翻译[M].北京:中国对外翻译出版公司, 1998.

[2]段满福.从英汉语句子结构的差异看英语定语从句的翻译[J].大学英语学术版, 2006.