托福写作备考之了解中英文表达差异

托福写作备考之了解中英文表达差异（精选9篇）

托福写作备考之了解中英文表达差异 篇1

托福写作备考之了解中英文表达差异

中英语法的最大不同就是英语的句子环环相扣，连接紧密，也就是说有更多的连接词。而中文的句子缺乏连接词，仅通过意思使之联系。也是因为连接词和各种代词的使用，英语中更多的是长句、复合句。这个特点是大家一定要掌握的托福写作高分技巧，因为这个特点可以非常清晰地将中式英语和英语区分开来。

例如：It was on a Sunday evening，when he was lying in the orchard listening to a blackbird and composing a love poem，that he heard the gate swing to，and saw the girl coming running among the trees，with the red cheeked， stolid Joe in swift pursuit。翻译过来就是：一个星期日的傍晚，他正躺在果园里，一面在听画眉鸟的啁啾，一面在写一首爱情诗，忽然听得大门砰地关上，接着看见那姑娘从树丛里奔出来，后面飞跟着那呆头呆脑的红脸的乔。

所以我们可以看出英语的句子语法更为复杂，结构更加紧凑。而中文仅仅是几个简单的句子就把事情叙述完了。

中英语法的另外一个不同就是英文中被动句相当多。在英语中更经常地将不能实施行为动作或无生命的词作为主语。

例如：The famous hotel had been practically destroyed by the big fire。大火几乎使这家有名的旅馆全部毁灭。

还有一个英语中有，而中文里面没有的是英语的时态也是相当丰富多变的，有时甚至可以表达人物说话时的感情色彩。能够熟练运用时态是大家托福写作达到一个很高的水平的标准间。有些同学往往不能在写作中熟练运用事态，导致对事情地描述捱板僵硬，不够准确细致。有时汉语需要用某些词汇表达的意思，英文中只需要变化时态就可以解决了。

例如：It has been noted that those who live，or have lived，in the shadow of death bring a mellow sweetness to everything they do。人们已经注意到大凡受到死亡威胁的人或是死里逃生的人对于他们所干的任何事总是兴趣盎然。

读完上文不知道大家对于中英文的表达差异有没有一个大致的了解?其实我们都知道中文表达习惯会影响到托福写作，但是一些同学可能总是无法避开。建议大家在备考中多了解多学习，这样才能提升写作水平。

托福考试作文独立写作范文：教育孩子最好的方式

现在有一些学校require children(5-11岁) to work together instead of working on their own during most of their learning process， do you agree or disagree that is the best way to teach children?

托福写作模板及参考答案：

托福写作范文参考:

10月16日托福独立写作范文

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Many schools require young children (aged 5-11) to work together in a small group instead of working alone to learn man activities.

Educators and researchers have never stopped the examination of the importance and relevance of collaborative learning that are encouraged by middle schools. When compared with studying alone, I, personally, believe that it is far more beneficial to students when working in groups for the following reasons.

First off, working in a group can be very conducive for students since they can help students to study more effectively and thus tackle real-world issues. A recent study conducted by University of Minnesota backed up the claim that study teams, collaborative learning and group projects are far more effective in helping students to develop useful skills than traditional teacher-led teaching approach. In fact, when learning in groups, students have to do some research about the topic they are expected to discuss beforehand, which helps them to clear up some misunderstandings and boast their enthusiasm in academic exploration. Clearly, working in a group can help students to retain information for a much longer time and have a much deeper understanding of some concepts and ideas. Consequently, if teachers categorize students and organize them in small study groups, chances are that they would solve complex issues together, like researching the history of the city, examining the water quality of the local town, so on and so forth. Students can develop critical thinking skills as well as learn to collect and analyze information from multiple sources.

Additionally, working in groups has much deeper implications beyond students’ academic experience. As the saying goes: “many hands make light work”. Actually it remains as relevant today as it did a century ago. To be more specific, working together helps to develop skills like cooperation, organization and leadership. When learning in a group, every single student gets a chance to contribute their knowledge to the group, and they can learn to appreciate the work of other students simultaneously as well. What’s more, they have to work closely with others for the same goal otherwise they might not be able to compete with other study groups. More importantly, students will get exposure to distinctive perspectives and at the same time learn how to accept different points of view and find common ground in this process. Such an educational experience will not only be helpful for their future study but also beneficial to them when they have to deal with coworkers, clients, and teammates in a professional setting in the future. Numerous studies have shown that students who have prior experience working with others enjoy a better chance to be successful in their future career.

In conclusion, working together in a group has far more meaningful implications than working alone since collaborative learning helps students to learn much more effectively and develop important skills that are vital for their future study and career.

托福考试作文独立写作范文：现在父母养孩子更容易了吗

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is easier for parents to raise their children than 50 years ago.

写作参考:

Taking a panoramic picture of human evolution, family education has been playing a very important role, especially in modern days. When it comes to the question of whether or not raising kids is easier than before. I, personally, think that parenting has becoming more and more difficult based on the following reasons.

First off, with the advent of technological gadgets kids are now more susceptible to negative information on-line, making it tough for parents to monitor and guide their kids’ behavior and mindset. As we all know, with the appearance of smart phones, tablets and computer laptops, it is easier for people of all age groups, including adolescents and teenagers, to get access to all kinds of information. To be more specific, celebrities especially entertainers, like movies stars, sports giants and pop singers are such bad exemplars for kids since they are constantly involved in sex scandals, abusive use of drugs, random hookups, getting rehabilitation. Kids, who are in their formative years, are not immune to these negative influence. Therefore, it is becoming absolutely tough for parents to guide them and any negligence might lead to be catastrophic for the kid’s future development.

Additionally, parents are so overwhelmed with their career and they tend to be negligent about their kids. Kids, on the other hand, without guidance from their parents tend to have both psychological and physical problems. A recent study done by National Society of Developmental Psychology indicates that there is a positive correlation between the parents’ working time and the likelihood for kids to experience psychological and physical problems in their adolescence. Indeed, fathers and mothers are more stressful and inclined to work more hours than those who did a few decades ago, leaving them little time to hang out and caress their kids. To make matters worse, kids who might experience unparalleled peer pressure, bullying and other kinds of school cliché are not able to get appropriate and timely instruction and encouragement from their parents, increasing the risk of a series of developmental problems. For instance, they might get addicted to computer games, involve in early sex, and even have marijuana and drinking problems.

In conclusion, due to the susceptibility of kids when exposed to negative information on-line or else and the parents’ lack of time spent with their kids, it is getting more difficult to raise kids now and kids are inclined to have both psychological and physical problems in their formative years.

托福写作备考之了解中英文表达差异 篇2

首先让我们了解一下新托福写作的考试形式，考查重点以及评分标准。新托福写作是听说读写四个单项中最后一个考察的项目，当其他几个单项考完之后广大考生可能就已经有些疲惫了，虽然考试安排了10 分钟的休息时间但是其效果可能并不明显。从某种角度上来说这不仅仅意味着前面单项的表现会直接影响到考生写作单项的应考心态，同时还也意味着对考生的生理和心理素质提出了更高的要求。

新托福写作考试共55分钟左右，分为综合写作和独立写作两项。综合写作独创性的将考生的阅读理解能力，听力理解能力和分析性写作能力进行综合性的考察。考生需要首先要在3分钟之内阅读一篇300字的文章，文章一般分为四段，分为开头段以及三段对于某话题的观点。然后文章从电脑屏幕上退去，考生接着需要听一段1分30秒到2分30秒左右长度的讲座。

针对上面的阅读文章逐一提出三个观点。因为听力录音只会放一次，所以这个时候考生就需要对这些观点进行快速高效的笔录。然后刚才的阅读文章会再一次出现在电脑屏幕的左侧，而在屏幕的右侧，考生被要求写一篇150-225字的文章来分析解释听力内容和阅读内容之间的关系。接下来的独立写作就比较的中规中矩，这是与旧托福写作类似的命题作文。考生被要求在30分钟的时间内完成300字以上的命题作文写作。

新托福写作首先让我们留意到的就是对写作速度的考察。可能是考虑到写作是通过键盘打字输入速度较快，所以相比其他英语考试，新托福写作对字数上的要求明显偏高(如雅思(微博)大作文只要求40分钟完成250字以上)。

从评分标准上来看，综合写作考察了：内容的完整性和准确性;文章的组织机构;词汇和语法的正确性和准确性。其中第一点考察的是考生对阅读和听力之中的信息点的掌握情况。而第二点考察的是我们的文章谋篇布局，第三点才是考察了大家的英语能力。

所谓道理，由“道”和“理”二字组成。所谓道字，为做事的方法，因人而异，不尽相同;所谓理字，为事情的规律，则应放置于四海而皆准。有感于新托福写作的教学，正应该和大家共同探讨写作的“道”和“理”。理可理解为写作的规律方法或技巧，道可理解为词汇语法的积累，两者缺一不可。

备考托福：不要掉进只会背单词的大坑

新托福阅读词汇量在8000--10000左右，很多的高中生只有单词，优秀一些的学生可能会有4000左右，但要提高到8000还需不断扩充词汇。同学中有很多将单词书过了很多遍，但在实际读文章，或是听力答题的过程中还是显得单薄。

这是因为考生大多记得只是单词的样子而不熟悉它的发音和用法。 其实在新托福听说读写这四个部分，词汇考察是不同的。词汇量考察最大的是阅读部分，然而这一部分只需要考生眼熟即可。虽然听力部分考察词汇量要相对的少一些， 但对考生的要求更高， 就是一定要耳熟， 口语一定要嘴熟，写作要手熟。

但不管是哪一部分， 都需要考生对于大学英语四六级这些最为基础核心的词汇极为熟悉。 除了用单词书系统去背单词， 考生应该总结听过的每一篇听力文章，读过的每一篇阅读文章中的生词。

这样在实际运用中掌握的单词， 会很牢靠，因为你不仅知道了它的意思还有它的声音以及用法。所以要将背托福单词书托福文章结合起来，不能脱离文章死背单词， 亦不能只做文章而不去总结。

托福写作中的五段三点式结构是什么

新TOEFL写作五段三点式结构介绍。在托福写作考试中，作文结构是影响整篇文章得分的重要因素。托福的改卷考官往往在批改一篇作文上只会花2-3分钟，如何在这短短几分钟的时间内给人留下深刻印象，文章结构是第一关键。

应对国外考试作文，尤其是托福的写作，最常用，也是得分最高的就是“五段论”的结构。

第一段，对题目改写，再用模板的套话扯一下，常用的手法是正反一提。

第二段，最大的reason，事例论据支持。

第三段，次大的reason，事例论据支持。

第四段，一个小的reason，外加一个不碍大事的however的对立。

第五段，对各段reason改写总结，也可以再加展望，但是不要号召。

托福写作语料库：卧室整洁的孩子是否更加成功

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Students who keep their rooms neat and organized will be more likely to succeed than students who do not.是否同意卧室整洁的孩子更能成功?(08.10.25 / .09.14)

作家立场：

卧室整洁是一种良好的习惯，但是，好习惯不是成功的唯一标准，成功来自很多元素，例如，勤奋努力，敢于冒险，接受良好的教育，对于梦想的坚持等。

薛鹏点评：反驳角度不仅仅是上述提及的观点。

例子：很多科学家，例如爱因斯坦，卧室是很凌乱，但是，依然在专业领域获得了人生的成功。

【思路拓展】

反驳段：成功的方法有很多，卧室整洁不是唯一的标准，勤奋是成功的关键;敢于冒险，把握机遇是成功的关键;良好的人脉资源是成功的关键等。

让步段：整洁即为有条理，有规范，确实有助于成功。但是，我想反驳的是，良好生活习惯不是成功唯一的标准。

【薛鹏原创语料库】

1. Such is human nature to savor the sweetness of success. 品味成功的甘美是人之本性。

2. Success is what every one of us longs for in our heart of hearts. 成功是我们每个人在内心深处渴望的。

3. Having a neat habit is one of the most crucial standards to judge a student’s success, but definitely not the sole one. 拥有整洁的习惯仅仅是评判成功的标准之一，不是唯一的标准。

4. avenue to success 成功的途径

5. shortcut to success 成功的捷径

6. tidy up the room = clean up the room 整理房间

7. neat dormitory 整洁的卧室

8. Neatness is kind of commendable personal habit 整洁干净是一种值得赞美的生活习惯。

9. Receive fine education helps us stand more chances of making success 接受良好的教育使我们有更多的机会获得成功。

点评：需要例证展开

10. Triumph，first of all，comes from diligence 勤奋是成功的重要要素。

点评：需要细节展开

11. Braving all the challenges is one of the key factors of achieving success 勇敢接受挑战是成功的关键之一。

点评：需要例证展开

12. Seizing the splendid opportunities could be one of the most indispensable factors to succeed 把握住良好的机会是成功的关键之一。

点评：需要例证展开

13. Opportunity favors prepared mind 机会留给有准备的人。

14. In order to fulfill our rosy dreams, we should rely on our honest hard work. 为了实现瑰丽的梦想，我们应该依赖诚实的努力。

15. Success never comes easily, in this sense, only those who dare to take risks and constantly challenge themselves could seize the golden chance of tasting the sweetness of obtaining their objectives. For example, my uncle Paul is a successful business leader and risk-taker …… 成功来之不易，因此，成功属于敢于冒险，挑战自己，把握机会之人，他们才能品味梦想成真的甘美，我的叔叔保罗是成功的企业家，也是冒险家……

点评：例证需要自我展开

16. Only with a clear mind, a strong will power, persistent efforts can we put all the challenges under the feet and taste the sweetness of life. 我相信有了清晰的头脑，坚定的意志力，执着的努力，我们才能战胜所有的挑战，品味生活的甜美。

17. It is our own belief and our willingness to create a better life that motivates us to achieve more success. 是我们内心的信念和愿意创造美好生活的意愿激励我们获得更多成功。

18. God help those who help themselves. 天道酬勤。

19. In time of adversity, instead of retreating and daydreaming, we should hold our heads high and accept all the challenges. 身处逆境时，我们不应退缩，沉迷幻想，我们应该振作精神，接受挑战。

20. It is up to us to find the ways and means to achieve every achievement each of us seek and long for 我们自己才能我们渴望的成功的方式。

托福独立写作如何备考 篇3

练习量的事情，如果备考时间是一个月，那可以每天写一篇，考前的练习要速度和质量兼顾;如果备考时时间比较长，大概有2-3个月的时间，前两个月可以一周写两道三篇，主要注重质量，包括结构，逻辑，拓展，语言，考前一个月每天练习，要提升速度。切记“三个小时一篇作文和三十分钟一篇作文不是一个概念”。

2. 备考计划细节之“字数”

在托福的独立写作中，字数很重要，官方要求的字数是300+，但是一般情况的学生都能写到400字左右，快一点的学生可以写到500-600字，整体上来说，字数多一点会有优势，但是这个优势是建立在质量的基础上的，所以先保证质量，字数多一点是好事。

3. 备考计划细节之“语法”

语法是语言多样的基础，如果语法不好，各种句子写的乱七八糟，语言的多样性也就没有意义了，提高语言的直接办法就是去研究写作常用的语法知识，当然也可以结合一些汉译英的翻译练习综合提高，语法对于写作而言很重要，一定要扎实。

托福写作：病句的改进

1. I am not good at maths, but English

改进: I am good not at mathematics but at English/ My strength is not mathematics but English.

2. Who is the proper person to make up his minds about children’s leisure time?

改进: Who is the proper person to plan children’s leisure time?

3.It is children who clear about their interests.

改进: It is children who are clear about their own interests.

4. I agree the latter idea.(漏掉介词是大家在托福写作中低分的常见病句。)

改进: I agree with the latter idea.

5. Many people dissatisfy with the status quo.

改进: Many people are dissatisfied with the status quo.

6. So I feel breathe more comfortably now.

改进: So I feel more comfortable now when I breathe.

7. People should learn knowledge no matter how old they are.(语义重复也是大家在托福写作中导致低分的主要原因)

改进：People should learn no matter how old they are/ People are never too old to learn.

8. No one knows all the things.

改进: No one knows everything.

9. I want to live in a quiet place to admire peaceful life.

改进: I want to live in a quiet place to enjoy peaceful life.

10. Each form of shavings friends has its advantages.

改进: Each way of choosing friends has its advantages.

11. I was admitted to a Key University for which few dared to sign up.

改进: I was admitted to a Key University to which few dared to apply.

12. Luckily, he recognized an American professor.

改进: Luckily, he knew an American professor.

13. They will learn the bad habits.

改进: They will develop bad habits.

14. In this continued process, people make progress.

改进: In this cycle, people make progress.

15. Lastly, higher education is equal to higher salary.

改进: Lastly, higher education means higher salary.

16. By making friends who are different from ourselves, we can make up for deficiency.

改进: By making friends who are different from ourselves, we can make up for our shortcomings.

17. A wrong decision will bring even worse fact.

改进: A wrong decision will bring even worse result.

18. You spend all your life to fulfill your willing.

改进: You devote all your life to the fulfillment of your dream.

19. Children should be taught disciplines in groups to avoid unnecessary lost.

改进: Children should be taught discipline in groups to avoid unnecessary loss.

20. I felt alone.

21. Eating outside has the most advantage that we can go at any time when we finish eating without doing any washing.

改进: The best part of eating out is that we can leave everything behind after meal.

22. Smoking can help you relax your mind.

改进: Cigarettes can help you relax.

23. What’s about nonsmokers?

改进: What about nonsmokers?

24. Why not to be a non-smoker?

改进: Why not be a non-smoker?

25. Everyone will have many friends in his life.

改进: Everyone has friends in his life.

托福写作过渡词分类

过渡词在托福写作中可以分成两类，分别表示时间和空间。

1、表示时间的

af first 起初

after a while 一会儿

after that 那以后

after that 那以后

after/before dark 天黑后/前

afterward 后来

as a young man 当…… 是个年轻人的时候

as early as 早……的时候

as soon as 一……就……

at last 终于

at the age of… 在……岁的时候

before, the other day 几天前

earlier, until now 直到现在

early in the morning 大清早

eventually 最终

finally 最后

immediately 立即、马上

in no time 不一会儿

in the end 最后

lately近来

later 后来

meanwhile=in the meantime=at the same time 在此期间、同时

next 接下来

one afternoon 一天下午

one day 有一天

one morning 一天早晨

recently 最近

since then 自从那时起

soon 不久

Soon/shortly after ……之后不久

suddenly=all of a sudden 突然

then 然后

to begin/start with=in the first place 首先、第一点

2、表示空间的

above 在上方

across 在……的另一边

against 靠着、抵着

around 在周围

at the back of 在后面

at the bottom of 在底部

before 在前

behind 在后

below 在下方

close to 靠近

further on 再往前

in front of 在前面

in the front of 在前面

in the middle of 在中间

near to 在……附近

next to 与……相邻

on the edge of 在……的边上

on the right/left 在右/左边

on top of 在……的顶部

opposite to 与……相对

over 垂直在上

to the right/left 朝右/左

托福综合写作备考容易被忽略 篇4

托综合写作备考要点二 题材

综合写作题材涉及地理类、动物学、考古学、天文学以及植物学等。在官方真题Official1-48的练习当中，考古和动物题材高达20篇，可见其重要性。因为在生活中不常见，而且大多偏学术性，专业词汇比较多，这给考生造成了巨大的困难。如果考生不了解这些题材涉及的单词和背景，在理解阅读和听力时就会有很大的障碍。因此要在平时多加积累，这不仅有利于理解，更适合为托福阅读做好准备。

托综合写作备考要点三 写作态度客观

综合写作的一个要点就是写作中不能带有自己的主观看法和观点，主要目的是反馈读到听到的事实信息。当然大家也不能只去写阅读或听力中的内容，要写出听力中的信息是如何与阅读中的信息联系起来的，比如阅读内容和听力内容有哪些不同之处。两者如果是矛盾的那么有哪些矛盾等等。总而言之尊重事实是第一目标，整合内容是基本要求。

托综合写作备考要点四 阅读和听力结合

托福独立写作评分标准--英文版 篇5

5分

 Effectively addresses the topic and task  Well organized and well developed, using clearly appropriate explanations, exemplifications, and or details  Displays unity, progression, and coherence  Displays consistent facility in the use of language, demonstrating syntactic variety, appropriate word choice, and idiomaticity, though it may have minor lexical or grammatical errors 4分

 Addresses the topic and task well, though some points may not be fully elaborated  Generally well organized and well developed, using appropriate and sufficient explorations, exemplifications, and or details

 Displays unity, progression, and coherence, though it may contain occasional redundancy, digression, or unclear connections

 Displays consistent facility in the use of language, demonstrating syntactic variety and range of vocabulary, though it will probably have occasional noticeable minor errors in structure, word form, or use of idiomatic language that do not interfere with meaning

3分

 Addresses the topic and task using somewhat developed explanations, exemplifications, and or details  Displays unity, progression, and coherence, though connection of ideas may be occasionally obscured

 May demonstrate inconsistent facility in sentence formation and word choice that may result in lack of clarity and occasionally obscure meaning

 May display accurate but limited range of syntactic structures and vocabulary

2分

 Limited development in response to the topic and task  Inadequate organization or connection of ideas  Inappropriate or insufficient exemplifications, explanations, or details to support or illustrate generalizations in response to the task

 A noticeably inappropriate choice of words or word forms  An accumulation of errors in sentence structure and/or usage 1分

托福口语之表达感谢的方式 篇6

1、Thanks. 谢谢

这是一种很普通也是最常用的说法，用在informal的日常生活。跟Thankyou用法一致，但感激更随意一些。

例如：

-Idid your laundry.

-Thanks,mom!

又如：

-Thanksfor taking me to New York City! It was an amazing trip!

-I’mglad you like it!

2、I really appreciate it. 我很感谢。

这是另一个表示感谢的日常用法，你会经常在跟外国人对话的时候听到。可以跟亲朋好友说，更多的是在工作中听到。

例如：

-Listen,Sam, I know that you did a lot for the company and I appreciate it.But I need you leave.

-You must be kidding me.

3、You’re the best. 你最棒了。

这是一种比较热情的说法，女性跟亲人和关系亲密的朋友常说，伴随着激动的心情;男性朋友之间很少使用，有时会跟配偶说。

例如：

Man:Honey, you go and watch TV. I’ll do the dishes.

Woman:Really? You are the best!

4、I couldn’t have done it without you.

若是没有你，我不可能做到。

这个说法表达了manymany的感激之情。如果一个人的帮助对你的影响很大，完全可以说“没有你我一定做不到”!

例如：

-Congratulationson getting into such a prestigious university!

-Thankyou very much, Mr. Jackson! I couldn’t have done it withoutyou.

5、I’d like to express my gratitude.

我要表达我的感激之情。

这是一种比较正式的说法，通常在答谢演讲、毕业演讲等正式场合使用。

例如：

Atthe outset, I’d like to express my deepest gratitude for yourcordial invitation and gracious hospitality.

6. Thanks a bunch(谢天谢地)

这是一种非正式的说法，但或许是因为有点夸张，所以常被用作讽刺用语，用来挖苦别人。

例：You told Tony what I told you in confidence? Thanks a bunch!

托福口语考试需多进行练习

第一、对题型和解题技巧没有熟悉就匆忙上阵

考托福口语，就像和敌人打仗。你不知道敌人怎么出招，你也就不知道你自己应该出什么招。这样，你打败仗就是必然的。建议：熟悉题型。

第二、缺乏迅速组织好答案的能力

考生在托福口语考试中，面临两点压力：

1、时间紧、任务重。托福口语的答案准备时间只有15-30秒，答题只有45/60秒。如果，没有接受过正规的训练，考生在考场上必将不知所措的、语无伦次。

2、要迅速呈现“完整的答案”，这也就要求考生的答案“浓缩精华”。没接受过“答案构思训练”，“浓缩精华”也是难以做到的。

第三、考场上表现得不够自信和大方

原因有二、

1、缺乏口语练习，导致考生在答题时表现得不自信。

2、性格过于内敛，导致考生在答题时表现得不够张扬。考场上表现得不够自信和大方不是形式上的问题，而是本质问题，因为这样以来，考生答题的音量就会小、发音就会模糊、分数也就不可能高。

建议：

1、“信心来自实力，实力来自练习”。

2、不论你在平常的性格如何，在考场内答题时，你必须表现得开朗、自信、大方。

第四、口语答案的语言缺乏表现力

总体来讲：英语语音不准确、语调无起伏、语言不流利、结结巴巴。

建议：

1、了解语音语调方面的知识(适当了解，而不要花太多精力在这方面)，提前发现并纠正自己的语音语调错误

2、每天坚持大声、清晰、准确地朗读一段80-120字的英文段子。

托福口语考试抓住主旨内容

例1：阅读下面的段落：

Students today socialise in ways quite unlike those of their parents. One of the primary differences is the use and abuse of drugs. During the ‘60s and ‘70s, students were known to smoke the odd joint and occasionally take harder substances, whereas according to recent polls, students today are using ever larger quantities of drugs on an ever more regular basis. Whilst cannabis is still the drug of choice among young people, synthetic drugs such as ecstasy and harder drugs such as cocaine and even heroine are being taken by an increasing number of students. Drugs are much more readily available to students and are much cheaper than ever before.

段首句为主题句：”Students today socialize in ways quite unlike those of their parents.“它揭示了这段的中心思想是”现在的学生以一种不同于他们父母所采用的方式进行着社会活动。“余下的各个句子都是以具体的事例来支持说明这一中心论点的。

例2：阅读下面的段落：

We surveyed local residents in three university towns throughout the state to find out their opinions on the students in those towns. We questioned over three thousand people and found that since our last survey three years ago, attitudes towards students have changed considerably. ”Lazy,“ ”scruffy“ and ”bad-mannered“ was how more than 40% of those questioned described students, up from 22% in the last survey. This year only 25% considered students to be ”polite“ and ”friendly“ compared with 39% three years ago. Overall, 49% considered students to be a positive part of the town compared to 58% last time.

这次调查发现，与三年前的一次调查相比，人们对于学生的态度产生了相当大的变化。这是本段的主题。然后用具体的百分比数字说明这一中心观点。主题句在段落中间。

例3：阅读下面的段落：

Now let’s look at an interesting example with color. If you own a blue car, you know it is blue, even it is in bright sunlight, in darkness or under a yellow street light. Your eyes tell you that it changes color in these different situations, but your brain knows better. You have learnt that cars don’t change color all time, and so your brain interprets the information your eyes give you.

主题句在段尾：”你的大脑在解释你的眼睛传递给它的信息。"前面有关蓝色汽车的例子正是为说明这一观点服务的。

主题句固然可以很好地向读者说明段落的中心思想，但阅读中我们常常会发现，有时很难在具体的位置找到一个明显的能说明主题的句子。这时就需要我们对段落的整体内容进行归纳总结，高度概括提炼出它的中心思想。

托福独立写作之利弊型 篇7

There are many things that could affect the outcome of the argument. What kind of a school is it? It could be a school where children sit at their desks all day long memorizing dates and facts. Or it could be a school where the teacher helps the children learn what they want to learn. I think the second kind is a lot better for a child than the first kind.

Similarly, what kind of play are we talking about? The child could be alone all day long watching television, which could make him or her bored and lonely. Or the child could be involved in group activities with neighborhood children of the same age, which could help him or her learn how to get along with others.

托福写作素材：好词好句之就业2 篇8

1

make a fortune

发财

e.g. Many ambitious young graduates who choose to start their own business aim at making a fortune as soon as possible by attracting investment, but they underestimate the potential risks and obstacles.

2

office buildings

办公楼

e.g. The construction of more office buildings will provide people who want to start their own business with more offices with reasonable prices.

3

ask for leave

请假

e.g. It is irresponsible for an employee to ask for leave too frequently, which will unavoidably have negative influence on his or her work.

4

fulfill one’s potential

实现某人全部潜力

e.g. A good position allows an employee to fulfill his potential and make due contribution to the company.

5

economic crisis / downturn / recession

经济危机，下滑，衰退

e.g. To get through the hard time of economic crisis, many companies have no choice but to downsize.

6

lay off employees / layoff

裁员

e.g. Although it costs much for a company to lay off employees during economic downturn, there is no other option for it to survive.

7

staff morale

员工士气

e.g. Unavoidably, the formal notice of layoff will seriously discourage staff morale.

8

workaholic

工作狂

e.g. Driven by strong desire to succeed, many young workaholics in the company usually work overtime and compete for challenging tasks.

9

labor intensive

劳动密集型

e.g. Facing the advent of economic crisis, people working in labor intensive industries are more vulnerable to layoff.

10

fierce competition

激烈竞争

e.g. Owning to fierce competition in job market, it is difficult for students with limited work experience to find a satisfied job.

托福写作备考之了解中英文表达差异 篇9

1

mutual understanding / respect / trust

相互理解，尊重，信任

e.g. All friends will argue at some point, but there are many ways to handle problems or topics of contention with mutual understanding and respect.

2

keep in contact / touch

保持联系

e.g. It is much easier for people living in different cities today to keep in contact, thanks to the constant improvement of communication tools, such as Skype, Facebook and MSN.

3

expand social circle / isolate from social circle

扩大社交圈，从社交圈孤立出来

e.g. To participate in various social activities is an ideal approach for freshmen to expand social circle while starting their college life.

4

emotional supports

情感支持

e.g. An important function of friends is to provide emotional supports when one feels frustrated and depressed.

5

constructive suggestions

建设性意见

e.g. It is important for people to have truly intelligent friends who can give constructive suggestions when they encounter troubles.

6

strengthen ties / bonds

加强关系

e.g. An effective way for friends to strengthen ties is to take a trip together.

7

break the ice

打破沉默

e.g. In a relationship, it is always the one who cherishes each other’s company that chooses to break the ice first.

8

in rapport with

融洽的关系

e.g. It is lucky that we can find roommates in rapport with while living on campus.

9

patch up our difference

消除分歧

e.g. It is unavoidable that people have divergent opinions and personalities, but what matters is whether they would like to make efforts to patch up their difference.

10

a shoulder to cry on

可以依靠的肩膀

e.g. The reason why we need friends is that we all need a shoulder to cry on when we feel sad and upset.

作者:Cindy