大学英语口语考试的应试方法

2024-07-27

大学英语口语考试的应试方法(共9篇)

大学英语口语考试的应试方法 篇1

大学英语口语考试的应试方法

在大学英语口语考试之前要准备的东西有很多,美联英语学习网整理了包括考前热身还有一些简单的自我介绍等,这些都是必不可少的。一起看具体看下吧。

考前热身

在大学英语口语考试的应试方法的了解之前,还要注意考试前的相关事宜,一般考官会对所有考生进行随机分组,通常三个人一组,会给一定时间让你们交流,这就是所谓热身。千万不要小瞧你的搭档,大家要抓紧时间交流,这样等到正式考试时,大家才能有好的配合。

比如,我在考口语的时候,有一个搭档是个内向的女生。我在听她的发音时比较累,有时只能猜测。最后一个部分是一个商业宣传的案例,结果我们做的策划是两个截然不同的方向,她大概也没有经历过类似的考试,根本不与我配合,于是到最后也没有达成一致意见。精心准备自我介绍

考前有一个自我介绍,你要准备得有特色,生动一点,因为这关系到第一印象的问题,你在第一时间内所展现出来的个性特征很可能在主考老师的心里持续到最后一分钟。你不要把自我介绍弄得太冗长,不要为了使用某些夸张的语句,而使本该简短的文字变得复杂。

悉心倾听同伴发言

大学英语口语考试测试中的专心应该是从始至终的,最好能做到悉心倾听每一个搭档的发言。

因为考官很有可能突然点名让你发表意见,如果你没有专心听懂其他人的观点,那么你就可能不知道自己该说点什么。我考试的时候遇到的另一位搭档是研究生,但他的口语基本上在初中水平,但是幸亏我当时一直认真地听着他的发言,不然当考官突然让我接下话题时,我就可能不知道自己该说些什么了。

学会解释开放性问题

要学会对问题进行开放性解释,不要只给出简单的答案。这个也许是个很个人的问题,是个习惯问题。但考试是有时间限定的,老师也许会示意你做进一步阐述,所以见到问题的时候就应该有比较完善的,综合各方面因素的理解。

当大家看过了大学英语口语考试的应试方法之后,我们的生活慢慢的也会变得更加经常而可靠,很多的问题也就得到了有效解决,相信我们的未来生活也可以变得更加的多姿多彩。

大学英语口语考试的应试方法 篇2

大学英语四级考试题型相同, 都包括五个部分:听力理解、阅读理解、词语用法与语法结构、综合测试、短文写作。听力理解部分题量从原来的20题增加到35题, 比例从20%提高到35%。大学英语四级听力考试总共设置了8个短对话、2个长对话 (共7个问题) 、3篇听力短文理解 (共10个问题以及听写 (10个单词或短语) 。虽然听力理解的比重较大, 但是对大部分学生来说, 大学英语四级的听力部分却是所有部分里面最难的一个。因此, 如何适当运用听力应试技巧, 在四级听力考试中取得较好的成绩是大多数考生共同关注的话题。笔者根据个人教学经验, 以2013年12月份的大学英语四级题为例, 针对听力考试的各个部分, 分析并总结一些实用的大学英语四级听力考试的应试技巧。

一、短对话部分应试技巧:听懂题意, 同义替换

短对话一般与日常生活紧密相关, 如衣、食、住、行、工作、学习、生活等话题。短对话是一男一女的形式, 每人说一句, 然后提问, 美式英语发音和英式英语发音的混合对话。在短对话部分, 大多数的题目都需要考生理解含义并进行语义替换。

第三题:

A) She is exhausted.

B) She is near-sighted.

C) She cannot finish work in time.

D) She cannot go straight home.

W: Is it almost time to go home now? I'm so tired.I canhardly see straight.

M: Just a few more minutes, then we can go.Q: What is the woman’s problem?

A为正确答案。原文中女士说到I'm so tired.I can hardlysee straight, 意为我太累了, 我都快看不清楚了。考生在理解这句话的基础上, 可以同义替换发现选项A中提及exhausted, 筋疲力尽为正确答案。

第七题:

A) International trade.

B) Product development.

C) Financial consulting.

D) Domestic retailing.

M: Could you tell me a bit about the business your companyis doing?

W: We mainly deal with large volume buyers from westerncountries and our products have been well received.Q: What business is the woman’s company doing?

A为正确答案。原文中女士回答男士说到large volume, western countries等信息, 即大批量的和西方国家, 在理解了这些关键信息的基础上, 考生可选出A, 国际贸易这一选项。

除了以上的两个例子, 短文对话中的其他题也是可以用同样的方法来应对。第一步先认真听原文, 理解原文的意思, 然后在选项里找到同义的表达, 即可选出正确答案。

二、长对话及短文部分应试技巧:作好记号, 记下信息

长对话也是男女日常对话的方式, 但是内容增加了很多, 约有200到300个单词, 长对话涉及的内容与短对话相比也更深入, 一般情况下有一个“中心”, 对话双方都是围绕中心而展开话题。短文理解部分包括三篇短文, 每篇短文提出三到四个问题, 共十道题。这三篇听力短文选材广泛, 包罗万象, 如社会生活、人物故事、历史、科普知识以及文化教育等, 每篇文章的词数平均都在250词左右。

第十三题:

A) About 8:30.

B) About 6:30.

C) About 5:30.

D) About 4:15.

第十四题:

A) Mr.Gartner from Milan.

B) Gianni Riva at Megastar.

C) The company's sales representative.

D) Gavin from the Chamber of Commerce.

(听力原文可参见2013年12月CET-4真题)

13、14题答案都为D。13题的选项全部是时间, 所以考生在听到跟这些时间相关的事件时就要记下相关的信息, 因为在听的时候我们不知道问题是关于哪个时间点的, 而这些时间在文中都提到过, 因此只能先记下相关信息以免听到问题的时候脑子里已经记不清楚哪个时间点做了什么事。但是边听边记的时候是没有足够时间记下每一件完整的事情的, 因此就要学会记下一些核心单词和重要信息。如在A选项后记下get in, B选项后记下leave, C选项后记下check in, D选项后记下leaving home。这样作好记录后问到相关的事件时就可以准确选出答案了。14题的选项是不同的人, 我们也需要在听原文的时候记下相关的事件或者记号。同理, A选项中提及Mr.Gartner却未说他来自Milan, 可根据个人习惯画叉或是写Not, B选项后记下11, seeing, C后记下3:30, D后记下lunch, 以应对与这些选项相关的问题。短文和对话类似, 都是在听完录音后再来看连续几个问题的答案, 我们的瞬间记忆是记不下这么多内容的, 因此都需要用到记笔记, 做记号的方法帮助我们选择问题的正确答案。

三、听写部分应试技巧:通读全文, 理解大意

听写部分的短文一般字数也在250个左右, 题材和难度与听力理解部分的短文相似, 包括英、美国家的文化教育、人文环境、科普知识以及任务、故事等。全文朗读三遍, 第一遍让考生对短文内容有大致的了解;第二遍以稍慢的语速朗读, 在空格处有短暂的停顿, 要求考生把听到的单词或者短语填入空格;第三遍以正常的语速朗读全文, 考生可以核对所填写的内容。

When Captain Cook asked the chiefs in Tahiti why theyalways ate 26 apart and alone, they replied, “Becauseit is right.”If we ask Americans why they eat with knivesand forks, or why their men wear pants 27 instead skirts, or why they may be married to only one person at a time, we are likely to get 28 similar and very uninformative answers:“Because it’s right.”“Because that’s the way it’sdone.”“Because it’s the 29 custom.”Or even“I don’tknow.”The reason for these and countless other patterns ofsocial behavior is that they are 30 controlled by social norms—shared rules or guidelines which prescribe the behaviorthat is appropriate in a given situation.Norms 31 define howpeople“ought”to behave under particular circumstances in aparticular society.We conform (遵守) to norms so readily that weare hardly aware they 32 exist .In fact, we are much more likelyto notice 33 departures from norms than conformity to them.Youwould not be surprised if a stranger tried to shake hands whenyou were introduced, but you might be a little 34 startled if theybowed, started to stroke you, or kissed you on both 35 cheeks.Yet each of these other forms of greeting is appropriate in otherparts of the world.When we visit another society whose norms aredifferent, we quickly become aware that things we do this way, they do that way.

在听这段话之前有一段关于Directions的录音, 考生可以利用这个时间通读全文。读后我们可以得知, 这篇文章主要讲的是人们生活中的很多行为都是由约定俗成的生活习俗或者是大家认同的行为准则决定的, 但是却很少有人会去思考我们为什么这么做。了解大意可以帮助考生更好地捕捉空格里的内容并联想到相关的单词或是短语。以学生反映较难的34题为例, 如果考生事先通读了文章就可以大概了解到这句话讲的是和陌生人第一次见面时, 如果对方来握你的手你可能不会惊讶, 但是如果对方鞠躬, 开始轻抚你或者亲你, 那你就会觉得——。根据推测, 考生可以比较容易想到会很惊讶, 那么在听的时候就很容易把听到单词和“惊讶的”这样的意思联系起来, 也就更容易写出startled (惊讶的) 这个词来。

虽然以上提到的听力技巧可以帮助考生更好地应对考试, 但是也只能是起到辅助的作用。要想听力成绩高, 首先是要提高听力水平, 平时的时候坚持多听广泛丰富的听力材料, 并在同时多记词汇, 这样才能真正从本质上提高听力水平。

摘要:本文介绍了在应对大学英语四级考试听力部分时的应试技巧。短对话部分, 考生要听懂原文大意并同义替换, 长对话及短文需要边听边作记录, 听写部分先通读全文, 了解大意。

关键词:大学英语四级考试,听力,应试技巧

参考文献

[1]全国大学英语四、六级考试委员会编.大学英语四级考试大纲 (2006修订版) [M].外语教学与研究出版社.2007 (1) .

大学英语口语考试的应试方法 篇3

一、端正态度,提高认识,高度重视开卷考试

开卷考试的一个重要特点就是可以携带教材和相关的复习资料,因此不少考生及家长就此认为开卷考试就是“抄书”。一份耕耘,一份收获。而开卷考试更注重考查学生运用已有知识分析社会生活和解决实际问题的能力,对学生的综合能力和素养提出了更高要求。

受传统思想的影响,我们不少考生认为语数外等科目对未来的发展更重要,中考分值也相对较高,因此不少考生将复习重点放在这些学科上,因而忽视了对政治科目的复习,不认真对待作业,不去深入思考政治。作为一个长期执教于毕业班一线教师,对此有深刻的教训。

对思想品德课程的学习不能过于功利化,如果我们在学习过程中缺乏真情实感的投入,情感、态度和价值观出现偏差,就不能正确认识政治试题所价值指向。

考前心态。我们不少同学都将希望寄托在最后的一个月上,希望通过补课,甚至背诵,大量的做练习来提高。事实上,那么多的内容又怎么可能在一个月的时间里充分理解,熟练运用。一旦感觉自己掌握得不透彻,或者一次两次模拟考试成绩不理想,又开始担心害怕,患得患失。

二、熟悉课本,夯实基础

决定中考政治成绩好坏的首要因素是考生掌握基础知识的程度,种种能力的考核都必须以相应的基础知识为载体,扎实的基础知识是获得理想成绩的前提。因此,在平时的学习中,千万不能忽视对主干知识的记忆,尤其在新课学习之初,更要牢牢掌握基础知识和基本理论,杜绝侥幸心理。

(一)全面、准确掌握重要知识点和原理的内涵,扫清知识点的障碍,解决点的问题

(1)对重要知识点,要注意从“是什么”“为什么”“怎么做”三个方面多角度、全方位把握它的内涵。

(2)对重要知识点,要注意从道德、心理、法律和国情四个方面进行把握。《课程标准》和考试纲要都是围绕“成长中的我,我与他人,我与集体、国家和社会的关系”的线索有机地整合了道德、心理、法律、国情的相关内容。

(二)注重知识点之间的联系,要形成知识网络,解决线面问题

1.从纵向和横向两个方面构建知识网络

例如,在珍爱生命的问题上,七年级教材侧重于从道德的角度告诉我们不仅要珍爱自己的生命,也要肯定和尊重他人的生命,关爱地球上的其他生命;八年级教材则侧重于从法律的角度,从珍爱自己的生命健康权,关爱、尊重他人的生命健康权的角度,告诉我们要懂得维护生命健康权.在进行这样的复习时,我们可以准备一个笔记本,或者将相关内容打印整理出来,以备随时调用。

2.将考试内容进行条块分割,按照不同专题进行复习,构建知识网络

在复习时,我们可以按照课程标准,将教材内容进行合理整合。整合的原则是相同相近或相邻。如将考试内容整理成“成长中的我”(自尊自强、学法用法、交往的品德)、“我与他人的关系”(权利与义务)、“我与集体、社会国家的关系”(积极适应社会的发展和进步、承担社会责任、法律和社会秩序、基本国情和基本路线、基本国策和发展战略、中华文化与民族精神、理想、成才)等专题进行复习。也可以把考试内容分成如下几个部分进行系统复习,即“心理健康教育”、“品德教育”、“法律教育”、“国情教育”、“生命与健康教育”、“民族团结教育”、“时事政治”。

三、广泛涉猎,增强文科综合素养,提升解题的综合能力

思想品德卷面上所反映出来的一些问题,如对试题材料的中心意思把握不准确、审题不清,看不懂题目要求、语言表述不规范,词不达意,错别字多等等,其根本原因并不能完全归咎于政治学科,而是因为考生文科综合素养差、背景知识不丰富,导致考生阅读理解能力、语言表述能力不足造成的。

文科综合素养的提升,其实就是增强学生的文化底蕴,扩展学生视野的问题。这在很大程度上可以解决学生审题能力,要有意识地抽出时间多看一些与政治学习有关的文章、报纸、杂志等,多学习一些语文历史地理等大文科的知识,拓展知识面,提升自己的文科综合素养。

关注时政,是提升文科综合素养、扩展知识面的一个捷径。

由于政治学科的特殊性,时政内容在中考政治中处于一个十分重要的位置。既有专门时政测试,又有以时政内容为背景材料的非选择题。对于时事政治的复习,是中考政治复习准备工作的重要组成部分。一方面,我们要注重量的积累,要学会收集和整理,主要是上一年度4月到本年度5月这一年左右的社会热点和焦点问题;另一方面,我们要注意将时事政治与课本知识点进行有机结合,我们要多角度结合教材所学的知识来分析和说明这些热点问题

思想品德学科一个很重要的功能就是品德教育,这种品德教育不仅体现在课堂内外教育教学实践中,也渗透在中考的命题之中。《思想品德课程标准》中情感、态度、价值观目标“热爱生命,意志坚强;亲近自然,勤俭节约,珍惜资源;孝敬父母,乐于助人,诚实守信;热爱劳动,勇于创新;热爱集体,凡是与之相关的时政和社会热点话题,我们都必须给予充分的关注。

四、科学训练,掌握必要的解题方法,养成规范的解题习惯

优秀是一种习惯,只有平时刻苦训练,才能在考场中发挥出应有的水平。目前中考政治开卷考试的试题基本以客观题和主观题为主。对于这两种题型,我们可以基本遵行如下方法:

(一)客观题的解题策略

客观题一般而言比较简单,但是想要得到满分还是有一定难度的。因此在做客观题的时候要注意方法和策略。客观题一般有四个选项,在做客观题的时候,我一直向学生强调,要注意观察,多使用排除法。

(二)主观题的解题策略

主观题的解题可分三步走:第一步,细读材料,审清问题。见到试题以后,很多学生都忙着动笔,这是一种不好的答题习惯。首先,认真阅读其次,弄清问题的限制条件,指向范围,抓住材料的关键词语去理解,明确题意。再次,要找出问题与材料的内在联系。第二步,推敲问题,寻求与教材的结合点。在明确解题思路后,紧扣教材知识点,切记,寻找的知识点要多点,答案要完整一点。第三步,细致阐述原理,针对性进行分析。在组织答案时,要注意全面性和逻辑性,进行多层次、多角度的回答。

五、提高心理素质,应对考场突发情况

要想取得理想成绩,除了扎实的基本功之外,我们还要提高心理素质,从容应对考场突发情况。①正确处理答题流程,避免紧张心理。拿考场上,当我们拿到试卷之后,先浏览全卷,然后再去看具体题目,这样才能稳定情绪,做到心中有数。②处理好开卷与翻书的关系,避免盲目照抄照搬。要处理好开卷与翻书的关系,开卷不等于题题都要去翻书。③主动寻求帮助,顺利应对考试。对于开卷考试,不要带太多的参考资料,不要寻求这种错误的心理安慰。我们只需要带齐课本、时政材料一本、热点解读材料一本就足够了。如果带太多的复习资料,一是没有时间去翻阅;二是由于对复习资料不熟悉,翻阅资料会浪费宝贵的考试时间,得不偿失。

参考文献:

申论考试内容和应试方法 篇4

申论考试内容和应试方法

申论,取自孔子的“申而论之”,即申述、申辩、论述、论证之意。它既有别于古代科举考试中要求就给定题目论证某项政策或对策,撰写论文的策论形式,也有别于以往公务员考试中的作文形式。但申论考试的内容、方法及其要达到的测评功能,实际涵盖了策论和作文这两种考试形式的基本方面。

申论考试“主要侧重考查应试者对给定资料的阅读理解能力、分析归纳能力、提出和解决问题能力以及文字表达能力。”考试形式既严格又灵活,要求考生摒弃套话、闲话,要求分析、论证和解决问题透彻、全面、清晰,同时又保证考生能充分发挥自己的潜力,施展自己的真才实学。

申论考试的特点

首先,申论考试的背景材料具有普遍性。公务员录用考试比较注重对应试者实际能力的考查,而且内容并不局限于某一方面,对政治、经济、法律、文化等均有涉及。申论作为国家公务员考试的一种形式,又刚刚开始实践,考试试题一般较为规范,不会出现偏差。这主要表现在试题的表述明确,涉及的内容和观点都不偏颇,没有争议,每个考生应该都能有论而发。对于一些难以定论的问题,尤其是争论激烈的前沿问题,一般是不会考的。这样,考生在准备时就不必面面俱到,涉及过多。

其次,申论的题目有很强的针对性。虽然申论考试题目的背景资料涉及面广,内容复杂,但是重点突出。针对性和可行性是申论考试中两个基本要求,认识和抓住了这两点,才算真正领会了申论考试的精髓,找准了答题的突破口,从而能够高屋建瓴、鞭辟入理地建构思路和完成论证。因此,考生应认真仔细地阅读给定资料,不要匆忙提笔作答和写作,在把握资料本质内容的基础上,抓住重点,条分缕析,使回答和论证更富有表现力和说服力。否则,只能是四处出击,尽管洋洋洒洒,长篇论道,但却不得要领,事倍功半。

申论的考试内容

申论考试的结构比较规范,清晰明确,首先给定一篇(或一组)1500字左右的资料,要求应试者在认真阅读给定资料的基础上,理解给定资料所反映的事件(或案例、或社会现象)的性质和本质,然后按要求作题。其答题形式具体言之,就是经过对资料的整理、分析、归纳后,用简明扼要的文字概括出给定资料所反映的主要问题,然后针对主要问题提出解决问题的对策和可行性方案,在完成上述两项程序的基础上,紧紧扣住给定资料及其反映的主要问题,申明、阐述、论证对问题的基本看法和解决问题的方法。

申论考试的解题环节和方法

申论考试的全部过程,可以归纳为阅读资料、概括主题、提出对策、进行论证四个主要的环节。

阅读理解给定资料是申论考试最基础的环节。这个环节虽然不能用文字直接在答卷上反映出来,却是完成其他三个环节的前提条件,而且在时序上位在首要,不容滞后。申论考试的时间应该说是比较充足的,考生应该也完全有必要拿出一定的时间(一般需要40分钟左右)来仔细阅读给定资料,以求真正理解和掌握资料的叙述思路和内容实质。只有读懂读通全部给定资料,才能把握资料所反映的事件的性质,也才能准确地概括出给定资料所反映的主要问题,完成第二环节的要求。切不可匆匆忙忙浏览一遍,不求甚解。

概括主题是一个重要的承上启下的环节,一方面它是对前面阅读资料环节的一个小结,另一方面,又使提出的对策或可行性方案以及论证过程更具有针对性,是其据以立论和展开的基础。若是主题概括不准确或是不够全面,下面的程序也就很难进行了。

提出对策是申论考试的关键环节,重点考查考生的思维开阔程度、探索创新意识、应变和解决问题的能力。它给考生提供了充分发挥的自由空间,考生可以根据各自的知识、阅历,对同一问题各抒己见,见仁见智。需要注意的是,在这一环节中必须结合给定资料所涉及的范围和条件,才可能提出切实可行的对策和方案。

进行论证是申论考试最后一个环节,在一定意义上,它才算是申论的真正开始。它要求应试者充分利用给定资料,切中主要问题,全面阐明、论证自己对给定资料所反映的主要问题的基本看法以及解决问题的方案。前面的三个环节尽管非常重要,不可或缺,不能有任何懈怠,但总的来说,还都只是积极有益的铺垫,此处的论证过程则需要浓墨重彩,淋漓尽致地书写。这不仅因为它的字数要求多,分值高于其他部分,更重要的是,论证才是申论考试的核心,能全面考查和衡量一个人的分析归纳能力、提出和解决问题的能力以及逻辑说理能力。

论证部分的写作应该在深入思考、运筹帷幄的基础上进行,最好事先列一个扼要的提纲,做到胸有成竹,行文流畅,并要注意论题鲜明、重点突出、线索清晰、详略得当这些写作的基本要求和规范。

参加申论考试的注意事项

1.认真审题。考试时要注意答题技巧,合理分配时间,不要盲目求快。一定要拿出足够的时间认真仔细地阅读给定资料,也就是说,审

题至关重要。在这个过程中,要先理清资料的逻辑联系,抓住一个复杂事件的主要问题。然后,要把握住给定资料所反映的事件的环境和条件,这种既定的条件是提出的对策是否具有可行性的重要依据。抓准了主要问题,解决问题的方案就有了针对性;搞清给定资料所提供的环境、条件,所提出的解决问题的方案才有可行性。

2.紧扣材料答题。一定要注意申论

考试的限制性要求,即无论是概括主题,陈述看法,还是提出对策,都限于试卷的给定资料,而最后的论证,也是在前述基础上,就给定资料和从中概括出的主要问题及其解决方案进行阐述和论证(要在概括的基础上自命一个题目进行论证)。切忌脱离给定资料,随意联想和发挥。

3.注意限制要求。申论考试中对字数是有限制性要求的。概括给定资料所反映的主要问题,一般要求在150字以内;提出解决问题的方案并加以简要说明,一般要求在350字以内;申述、论证应试者对问题的基本看法和解决问题的方法,一般要求在1200字以内。超过或不足的字数一般不低于要求字数的10%,否则要扣分。另外,答题应该简洁,做到要言不繁,切中要点。这种要求其实也是从一个侧面对应试者阅读能力、归纳能力、概括能力、文字水平的综合性测评。应试者不要因在这方面没有给予足够重视而影响考试成绩。

证券从业考试应试技巧及复习方法 篇5

1、不纠缠难题。遇到难题,可以在草稿纸是做好记号,不要纠缠,最后有时间再解决。原因是单题分值小,时间紧,题量大。

2、不漏答题。即使有难题、感觉拿不准的题,尽量都要给出一个答案。原因是都答了,至少有选对的概率。

3、考前不押题。猜题、押题会适得其反。

4、考前安排适当时间学习。临考抱佛脚,学习与考试的效果和感觉都会很差的。

5、根据常识答题。考生工作任务重,学习时间紧张。在很短的时间里要把所有课程内容完全“死记硬背”地记住是不可能的。可以根据平时对证券从业知识和工作规则的了解进行答题。

二、证券从业资格考试复习方法

(一)考题特点

考题的特点是点多面广、时间紧、题量大、单题分值小。

(二)复习方法

基于这种特点,学习与复习的方法是:

1、全面系统学习。对于参加考试的课程,必须全面系统地学习。对于课程的所有要点,必须全面掌握。很难说什么是重点,什么不是重点。从一些重要的历史性的时间、地点、人物,到证券价值的决定、证券投资组合的模型,再到最新的政策法规的等等,都是考试的范围。全面学习并掌握了考试课程,应付考试可以说是游刃有余,胸有成竹。任何投机取巧的方法,猜题、押题的方法,对付这样的考试,只能适得其反。

2、在理解的基础上记忆。应该说,考生在工作之余进行学习,课程和相关法规的内容还是很多的。大量的知识点和政策法规要学习,记忆量是相当大的。一般学员都会有畏难情绪。其实,这种考试并不是传统的需要“死记硬背”的考试方法,排除了简答题、论述题、填空题等题型,考试的目的是了解学员掌握知识面的情况。如果学员理解了课程内容,应付考试就已经有一定的把握了。而且,理解也就是记忆的最好前提,尤其是学员通过学习在工作学以致用的前提。

3、抓住要点。在很短的时间内,学员要学习大量的课程内容和法律法规,学习任务很重,内容很多。面对繁杂的内容,学习的最佳方式是要抓住要点。想完全记住课程所有内容是不可能的,也是不现实的。所以知识都有一个主次轻重,本丛书的一大特点是从浩繁的课程内容和相关法规中提炼出要点,以便学员消化吸收,可以取得事半功倍的效果。

4、条理化记忆。根据人类大脑特点,人类的知识储存习惯条理化的方式,在学习过程中,学员如果能够适当进行总结,以知识树的方式进行储存,课程要点可以非常清晰地保留在学员的记忆里。本丛书做了

一些归纳,已经用框图的方式总结了很多课程要点,应该对学员会有很好的帮助。学员还可以自己根据自己的理解和需要做一些归纳总结。

大学英语口语考试的应试方法 篇6

其实进行培训是一个很好的方式,对自己的系统准确学习会有莫大的帮助,应该选择有方法的培训学校。方法是成功的前提。不要从表面现象轻易做出判断,你可以利用免费试听的机会去自己亲身体验,自己去做出合理判断。寻找有责任心的老师。老师是你通过考试的保证,试听时,你可以观察老师的语言表达能力,讲课的连贯性,讲解的是否透彻,有无层次和逻辑性。你不妨和老师交 谈一下,他(她)对考试的把握程度,讲课计划和重点问题的训练方法,有无作业安排等等。

要安排好工作和培训的时间,及早进入学习状态,不要等到报考务时再学习,要做好充足的准备,以保证一次性通过。

在正式进入学习状态下,先把书通读一遍,在通读书的同时先听长期课件,课件听完把通读时不懂的地方认真研究下,再回头把书精读一遍,然后开始做习题,做习题的过程中遇到不会的问题,再查书,答疑板上提问,直到都弄会!

在会计证考试时,计划答题时间,保持稳定的答题速度。选择题考试通常要求在短时间内作答,考试开始时,你应该看一看试题的分量,并目对每道题应 占用的时间迅速作出估计,也许你会发现,每道选择题允许作答的时间不到一分钟。在某些情况下,这似乎不大可能,但你不必担心,有不少问题可能只需几秒钟就 可作出选择,这样,你就有足够时同去考虑相对较难的问题。

保持稳定的答题速度,也是很必要的,一般的做法是:首先通读并回答你知道的问题,跳过没有把握作答的问题。然后重新计算你的时间,看看余下的每道题要花多少时间。在一道题上花过多的时间是不值的,即使你答对了,也可能得不偿失。

雅思英语阅读考试应试策略 篇7

雅思的阅读部分是整个雅思考试四个部分之一, 按照应试者目的的不同, 分为学术类 (Academic Module) 和普通类 (General Training Module) 。希望进入国外的大学或研究生院的选择前者, 而希望接受培训或上中学或出国移民的选择后者。两种成绩不能互换。

两种考试的共同点有:考试时间60分钟, 题目数40个左右, 由三部分构成, 共计单词数2000~2750等。不同之处在于文章的取材、类型不同。学术类考试的三部分由三篇文章构成, 第一篇往往是学术类文章, 编选自具有代表性的期刊、报纸、教材和杂志等;第二篇适于研究生和大学生阅读;第三篇偏重于一般性知识。三篇文章难度由低到高。而普通类考试的第一部分涉及社交生存, 取材于日常生活的社交文章, 可能有三篇;第二部分与课程相关, 取材于教学或培训课程的文章, 但侧重点是学生的生存需要;第三部分是一般阅读, 为一篇针对一个大众话题展开的描述性或叙述性的文章。

雅思阅读考试与国内其他英语考试阅读部分, 如4、6级等, 有着显著的区别, 主要表现在以下两方面:

(1) 题型变化多样。雅思阅读考试的题型包括选择段落标题、简答、选择、完成句子、摘要/示意图/流程图/表格填充、搭配、分类、找出作者的观点或主张、Yes/No/Not Given、True/False/Does Not Say等10种, 比其他一般考试多。因此, 要求考生头脑更灵活, 善于迅速从一种思维方式转换到另一种。

(2) 文章篇幅较长、生词较多。由于雅思阅读考试专业性较强, 特别是学术类, 往往文章中出现很多专业词汇, 让考生望而生畏。其实, 雅思阅读并不是为了考查考生的词汇量, 所以, 很多生词可以通过上下文猜测词义, 或者可以完全忽略。所以, 不必被生词吓倒。

二、雅思阅读考试应试策略

1. 解题总策略

(1) 略读 (Skimming) 。拿到文章和考题后, 首先要对文章进行略读, 以获得总体印象, 知道文章的主题、作者总的态度等重要信息, 以便可以联系自己的背景知识。正因为是略读, 时间控制在1分钟以内, 所以不可能全文阅读, 阅读的部分应该是标题、小标题、第一段以及每段第一句话等处。

以《聚焦雅思———情景技能训练》第15单元的文章“Survive in Space”为例。通过快速浏览标题、次标题 (A voyage to Mars may be every astronaut’s dream, but the health risks are formidable.) 以及每段第一句话, 可以了解到, 本文涉及的主题是宇航员在太空旅行时遇到的巨大的健康问题, 作者在文章中分别就各种健康问题进行了阐述。了解到这一点, 就可以联系到自己在宇航方面的背景知识。

(2) 研究问题, 找出关键词 (Studying the questions and locating the key words) 。在了解文章的主题后, 就应该马不停蹄研究后面的题目, 通过题目找到解题关键词。还是用上例来说明。我们看到上文后有4种题型, 第一种是True/False/Does not say, 第一题所给出的是:Everyone who travels in space suffers from feelings of motion sickness initially.这句话的关键词是“motion sickness”。从后面第c点我们将可以看到, 只有找到这两个关键词, 才能又快又准地找到答案, 而如果找其他词做关键词, 如travel in space等, 将费力不讨好。找关键词的方法是:先特殊名词 (人名、地名、年代等) , 后一般词汇;先名词, 后其他词汇。

(3) 查读 (Scanning) 。所谓查读, 就是在上一步准确找到关键词后, 用这些关键词在文章中搜索, 找到文章中描述、说明这一问题的位置。这一步进行的效率将直接影响到做题速度。怎样节约时间呢?除了不断训练扫描能力外, 雅思阅读考试一个经验是, 题目一般按顺序编排, 根据题目的顺序, 大体可以猜到考点的位置。比如上例, 我们找好了关键词“motion sickness”, 用它们在文章中扫描, 我们将可能在多处找到它们 (或它们的同义、近义词) 。但是, 由于该题是第一大题的第一题, 所以, 我们也从开头看起, 文章第一段就有这句话:“Motion sickness afflicts more than two-thirds of all astronauts upon reaching orbit, …”

(4) 精读 (Perusing) 。通过关键词扫描找到具体位置后, 下一步就是要看懂、理解文章对该事物的描述和说明。这一步对考生的词汇、语法要求较高, 甚至要求对欧美文化传统也要有一定的认识, 因为有的文章不能光凭字面来理解。在上例中, 我们成功地通过前面的步骤找到了文章中出现“motion sickness”的位置, 通过仔细阅读该部分, 可以知道三分之二以上的宇航员在进入轨道时, 都受到由于剧烈颠簸运动而造成的不适的困扰。

(5) 回答问题 (Answering) 。理解文义后, 就可以顺利回答问题了。还是举上例, 我们知道并非每一个 (every) 宇航员都受到“motion sickness”的困扰, 而是三分之二以上的。文义与题义不符, 因此, 该题的答案是“False”。

以上谈到的是解题总策略, 具体情况还得具体分析。有的可以略去一些步骤, 比如如果看标题就很清楚文章主题, 即可略去“略读”一步;有的可能需要增加一些工作, 比如在比较人物的观点时, 可能需要在查读时将人物出现的地方划记下来, 在精读时多一个反复比较的步骤等。

2. 其他相关问题

(1) 速度和效率。雅思阅读考试文章长、题量大, 速度很关键, 要训练自己“按时”做题的良好习惯。所谓“按时”就是在每篇文章、每道题上合理安排时间。原则上, 每篇文章20分钟, 每题1分钟。如果意识到自己在某题上花时太多, 可能该题较难, 应先跳过, 回头有时间再做。而速度和效率往往有矛盾, 快而不能“毛”, 就要求考生在平时训练时, 注意解决这一矛盾, 控制时间, 要快, 但要在严格按照既定步骤来做题的基础上来快, 不能瞎猜。

大学英语口语考试的应试方法 篇8

如何有针对性地进行复习,全面、系统地领会吃透二级建造师执业考试各门课程的学习要点,最大限度地提高考试成绩,是广大考生最为关心的话题。本人参加过2009年、2010年《全国二级建造师执业资格考试》,并分别取得建筑工程、机电工程执业资格证书。下面一些心得与体会,希望能对准备应试的同事们复习考试有所帮助。

一、态度定成败

关于二级建造师执业资格考试大家众说纷纭,致使一些准备应试的考生有点丈二和尚摸不着头脑,出现了以下一些情况:

1、惧怕考试。

每年都有很多人参加考试,但通过率并不是很高。特别是浙江省考试通过的标准较其它省份要高一些,对考生各方面能力的要求也就更高。一些刚参加工作不久,施工经验不是很丰富的同事,或是未从事相关专业的同事,更容易误认为考试很难通过,从而在心理上对考试失去信心,甚至惧怕考试。

2、轻视考试。

有些在施工现场从业多年,对施工经验、管理方法等有着一定见地的管理人员,认为考试内容都是一些常识,自己在平时的工作中积累了大量的专业知识,再加上题目类型多为客观题,不必一板一眼的看书、做习题,临场发挥就可以。

3、侥幸心理。

了解到考试题型相对单一,试图依靠考场猜题,或者作弊等手段碰碰运气。针对以上情况,我认为:

首先,我本人是学习土建专业的,但是一样顺利通过了机电工程的考试。事实证明,只要有科学方法,明确考试目的和积极的态度,加上个人的努力,通过考试是很有希望的;

其次,众所周知,考试所涉及的各个科目均具有严谨性、务实性的特点,尽管很多问题从实践上讲可能会有不同的观点和看法,需要运用专业判断,但在考试时,考试试题的答案都应具有“唯一性”,客观性试题尤其如此。这里的“唯一”,实际上也可以说是“统一”,即统一于“考试大纲”和“指定教材”的各“考试点”。

最后,虽然题型多为客观题,但是相近、相似的选项甚多,没有扎实的基本功是很难“猜过”的。随着近年来,国家相关部门对全国执业资格考试标准的提高,如今考试越来越正规,考生只有充分准备,在考试时才能游刃有余,切不可抱有侥幸心理。

二、复习是关键

1、全面研读教材。

请考生注意,我们手中教材封面上有一句话“全国二级建造师执业资格考试用书”,既然是考试用书而非参考用书,就说明,指定教材包含了命题范围和答案标准,你必须按指定教材的内容、观点和要求去回答考试中的所有问题,否则你很难获得高分。

教材是应试的根本。考试大纲只规定了考试范围,并未给出具体的考试内容,指定教材是就考试大纲规定的范围详细地加以展开说明。

在仔细看完一遍教材的前提下,一边看书,一边作总结性的笔记,把教材中每一章的要点都列出来,从而让厚书变薄,并理解其精华所在。不仅要系统全面地把握每一科目,而且要系统地把握各科目之间的密切联系,能够从整体上对应考科目进行全面系统的掌握。

强调对教材的研读,是要突出全面理解和融会贯通,并不是要求考生把指定教材的全部内容逐字逐句地背下来。研读教材要注意准确把握文字背后的复杂含义,也就是通常我们说的理解性记忆。

2、深刻把握重点

执业资格考试涉及内容十分广泛,有些内容实际业务中很少接触,仅仅依靠记忆和自身理解来准备资格考试是远远不够的。无论是客观题还是主观题我们都需要用准确、规范的语言来应试。特别是实务考试中的案例题,很多人都是因为语言不准确、不规范而失分。

所以对教材全面研读的同时,考生也要注意抓住重点进行复习。因为不同科目各部分知识点的重要性是不一样的。教材中每个章节知识点都有“掌握”、“熟悉”、“了解”之分,按其重要程度,考生要酌情安排复习重点。

全面研读可以使考生在考场之上稳扎稳打,保持良好应试心态;把握重点则能使考生以较小的投入获取较大的考试收益,在考试中立于不败之地。

3、练习巩固提高

适当演练一些高质量的练习题,可以提高考生对相关知识点的理解运用水平,进而提高应试能力。

练习题主要有:

(1)历届真题;

通过对历届真题的归纳总结,可以使考生更深刻、更快速的了解二级建造师执业资格考试的重点内容。同时,对比于当年的考试大纲分析以往考过的知识点,可以使考生更加准确的把握复习的重点。

(2)当年与教材配套的练习册;

通过练习考生可以逐渐总结出当年考试内容的某些重点与规律,发现自身学习中的薄弱环节,从而有针对性地研读考试用书中的相关内容,进而得到巩固提高。

(3)一些培训机构出版的复习资料等。

多做练习固然有益,但千万不要舍本逐末,以题代学。另外,根据本人经验,习题没有必要逐一闭卷完成,适当的可以采用开卷的方式,把题目和正确答案当作知识点来记,这样可以节约大量的时间,提高复习的效率。练习只是对所学知识的检验和巩固,应试能力的培训核心在前面两个环节。

三、应试有技巧

二级建造师执业资格考试分管理、法规、实务三个科目。其中,管理和法规均为客观题,实务为客观题和主观题。

1、客观题作答

建议大家在做客观题时,分三遍作答。第一遍,从头至尾在考卷上作答一遍,分别标记出不确定和不知道的题目;第二遍,确认标记出的不确定的问题的答案;第三遍,作答标记的不知道的题目。最后填涂答题卡。

由于是客观题,相似、相近的选项很多,我个人的习惯是不检查,不修改填涂在答题卡上的答案。

2、主观题作答

主要是针对实务来说,建议分步作答:首先,通读案例材料和问题;其次,在草稿纸上列出答题提纲;最后,参照提纲在答题卡上作答。

注意:

(1)案例题每个问题之间是不联系的,切忌看到第一问不会就放弃作答整道题目;

(2)案例题评分看主要的知识点是否写明,所以请考生答题时一定注意分点作答,切忌每题一段话,让评卷老师挑答案;

(3)案例题在保证答题准确率的同时要尽可能的提高答题速度,遇到不确定的题目,也要联系材料上下文写出自己的观点,切忌空白;

(4)由于手写内容较多,字迹工整、卷面清晰,也是通过考试的法宝之一。相信各位同事只要端正态度,认真复习,科学应试,一定能够取得理想的成绩!

浙江省工业设备安装集团有限责任公司

第六分公司

大学英语口语考试的应试方法 篇9

A.have a good taste of the pleasures of society

B.feel depressed about the pleasures of society

C.happy with the pleasures of society

D.sorry for having getting the pleasures of society

2、(见31题)Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?

A.We should pity these unhappy people

B.Such unhappy people are critical about everything

C.If they realize the harmfulness of their habits they may get rid of it

D.Such unhappy people are not content with themselves either

3、(见31题)“And scarcely that” in the third paragraph means

A.just like that.

B.Almost not like that.

C.more than that.

D.not at all like that.

4、(见31题)If such unhappy persons don#39;t change their bad behavior, the author suggest that

A.people avoid contact with them.

B.people criticize their misconduct.

C.people help them r***gnize its bad effects.

D.people show no respect and politeness to them.

5、 Drug Addiction It is possible to stop most drug addiction in the United States within a v ery short time. Simply make all drugs available and sell them at cost. Label e ach drug with a precise description of what effect ― good and bad ― he dru g will have on the taker. This will require heroic honesty. For the r***rd I have tried ― once ― almost every drug and like none , disproving the popular theory that taking a single smoke of opium will enslave t he mind. Nevertheless, many #39;drugs are bad for certain people to take and they should be told why in a sensible way. Along with advice and warning, it might be good for our citizens to recall that the United States was the creation men who believed that each man has the right to do what he wants with his own life as long as he does not interfere wit h his neighbour#39;s pursuit of happiness. Now one can hear the warning: If everyone is allowed to take drugs, everyo ne will, and the gross national product will decrease and we shall end up a race of fools. Alarming thought. Yet it seems most unlikely that any reasonably he althy?minded person will b***me a drug addict if he knows in advance what addic tion is going to be like. Is everyone reasonably sensible? No. Some people will always b***me drug addicts just as some people will always b***me drunken, and it is just too bad . Every man, however, has the power to kill himself if he chooses. But since m ost men don#39;t they won#39;t be the majority, either. Nevertheless, forbidding peop le things they like or think they might enjoy only makes them want those things all the more. This psychological insight is, for some mysterious reason, denied our governors.The author#39;s solution to the drug problem is。

A.to make all drugs extremely costly.

B.to put honest warnings on all drug labels.

C.to make the buying and selling of all drugs illegal.

D.to tell people the dangerous effects of drugs on health.

6、(同36题)Many people believe that

A.taking drugs once in a while will not be harmful.

B.a single smoke of opium will make you an addict to it.

C.the authorities are honest in dealing with the drug problem.

D. It is a heroic activity to destroy all the drugs available.

7、(同36题)According to the author, forbidding people to take drugs is

A.unacceptable to the majority of people.

B.not an effective way to stop drug addiction.

C.in the interest of the people and the governors.

D.in agreement with the basic rights of citizens.

8、(同36题)Which of the following is inferred from the passage?

A.Few people will take drugs if they are allowed to.

B.The United States will be easily defeated if its citizens are allowed to take drugs.

C.It is a general practice to forbid drugs in different countries.

D.A majority of people will b***me addictive to drugs if they are allowed to take them.

9、(同36题).Which of the following might best describe the author#39;s arguments in the passage?

A.Alarming.

B.Unusual.

C.Mysterious.

D.Traditional

10、第五篇Agricultural Pests。Agricultural pests are Integrated Pest Management is a plan that combines several different metho ds to destroy insects and rodents. These methods are specifically developed for individual areas and crops. The control methods include using the pests#39; natur al enemies, controlling the pests#39; breeding environment, and developing stronger varieties of seeds. Chemical poisons are used only when necessary. The IPM me thod accepts the fact that it is useless to try to destroy pests completely with chemical poisons. Its aim is to control pest populations so that crops can sti ll grow well. Cotton farmers in Texas have been using the IPM method. The farmers find the best combination of control methods for their needs. In this way, they can produce crops without using too many chemical poisons. In 1977, three quarters of Texas cotton fields received no pesticides at all. That year#39;s cotton crop w as better than average. The IPM methods showed the farmers a better way to cont rol the pests in their fields. The United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) has been studying agricultur al pests and chemicals. It has found that 223 pests are resistant to, or not af fected by, pesticides. Rodents, including rats, are also gaining resistance to poisons. In 1965, another UN organization, the UN Food and Agricultural Organiz ation, listed 182 resistant types of pests. Three years later, there were 228 s pecies on the resistant list. The 1977 survey raised the number to 364 species . Because so many pests are b***ming resistant to chemical poisons, it is neces sary to find another method of control. By using Integrated Pest Management, fa rmers can still control and limit pests without depending on chemical poisons.

A.rapidly being destroyed by chemical poisons

B.the results of Integrated Pest Management.

C.winning the battle against farmers.

D.b***ming accustomed to poisons.

11、(同41题)IPM is a plan that

A.uses the pest#39;s natural enemies

B.controls the pests#39; breeding environment

C.develops stronger varieties of seeds

D.does all of the above

12、(同41题)IPM is different from the older methods because

A.chemical poisons are rarely used

B.chemical poisons are used very often

C.pests are completely destroyed

D.farmers do not have to worry about pests.

13、(同41题)In 1968 the UN Food and Agricultural Organization found

A.182 resistant pests

B.223 resistant pests

C.228 resistant pests

D.364 resistant pests

14、Science Education for a New Age。Discoveries and Ap____。The very great advances in science just before and after the midpoint of t he twentieth century have caused education in the United States to realize that science teaching in the future must differ from science teaching in the past. D uring the past twenty years science has played an important part in shaping the character of our civilization. The welfare, stability, and security of our nati on are closely related to the discoveries of science and the applications of the se discoveries.

15、Needs for Good Science T____。Governors, lawyers and business leaders have to deal with scientists and e very educated person has his views influenced by science. Yet our science teach ing of nonscientists in school and college, has built up mistaken ideas, dislike s, and the common boast. “I never did understand science.” Even those students who arrive at college with plans to b***me scientists usually bring a mistaken picture of science; some have a collection of unorganized facts about science, a nd some regard the study of science as a game which involves getting the right a nswer.

16、K____and Enterprise。Science teaching must deal with the knowledge and methods of science; both are necessary. From science courses students should acquire a useful command o f science concepts and principles. Science is more than a collection of unrelat ed facts; to be meaningful and valuable, they must be arranged to show generaliz ed concepts. A student should learn something about the character of scientific knowledge, how it has been developed, and how it is used. He must see that kno wledge is subject to growth and change and that it is likely to shift in meaning and status with time.

17、Science and S____。Young people need to understand how our society depends upon scientific an d technological advancetnent and to realize that science is a basic part of mode rn living. The scientific process and the knowledge produced cannot be consider ed to be ends in themselves, except for the classical scientist. A student shou ld understand the relation of basic research to applied research, and the connec tion between technological developments and human affairs.

18、(同41题)In the future, probably

A.chemical pesticides will be used less

B.chemical pesticides will not be used at all

C.chemical pesticides will be used more

D.chemical pesticides will be produced

19、Balance in Ed 。If it were only necessary to decide whether to teach elementary science to everyone on a mass basis or to find the gifted few and take them as far as they can go, our task would be fairly simple. The public school system, however, ha s no such choice, for the two jobs must be carried on at the same time. Because we depend so heavily upon science and technology for our existence and progress , we must produce specialists in many fields. The public school must educate bo th producers and users of scientific services.

20、Environmental Impacts of Energy Production All primary energy sources that are ***nomic will be required if the world is to avoid energy starvation. The world#39;s needs for e(51)____have been met successively by wood, coal and oil. As these sources decline in importance o(52)____approach depletion, natural gas, nuclear power, solar and other ‘alternative’ energy sources are expected to m(53)____an increasing fraction of total demand. The production and use of energy can h(54)____a significant effect on the environment. The environmental consequences of the use of some energy sources could conceivably b***me so great t(55)____ they could limit growth in energy consumption. On the other hand, meeting energy needs for ***nomic development and s(56)____well being may require that some environmental impacts be accepted. Environmental impact assessments are being used increasingly I(57)____decision?making by national authorities r(58)____for selecting appropriate energy options or energy mixes. The impacts of energy production may be of short duration, long lasting, or irreversible. They may be of l(59)____or global concern, and may involve trans?boundary issues of international significance; they may affect different communities, p(60)_____groups and countries in different ways. They may be detrimental or beneficial. The nuclear industry has taken a leading role in addressing systematically both shortand long term issues.

21、

22、

23、

24、

25、

26、

27、

28、

29、

30、The country was facing difficulties financially and_____the situation was discouraging.

A.comprehensive

B.successive

C.overall

D.systematic

31、I can#39;t advise you what to do. You must use your own_____.

A.opinion

B.justice

C.ideal

D.judgement

32、Sometimes they ____their students#39; poor comprehension to a lack of intelligence.

A.owe

B.attribute

C.contribute

D.gratitude

33、Gold is a precious, yellow coloured____ used for making coins, ornaments and jewelry.

A.mental

B.metal

C.moral

D.mould

34、If you persist in doing that, none except yourself should______the consequences.

A.answer for

B.answer to

C.be responsible of

D.be responsible about

35、He saved his daughter from the fire______of his own life.

A.at expense

B.at a price

C.at the cost

D.at the loss

36、The misty weather in London the contact.

A.interfered with

B.interfered

C.insured with

D.insured

37、Many automobile accidents were_____careless driving.

A.attributed to

B.resulted in

C.contributed to

D.raised from

38、His answer was so confused that I could hardly make any______of it all.

A.explanation

B.meaning

C.sense

D.interpretation

39、Because I don#39;t take any sugar in my tea, I______to forget to offer it to other people.

A.like

B.come

C.tend

D.have

40、Revolutionary developments in both observational and theoretical astronomy (took place) in the 1960#39;s.

A.commenced

B.occurred

C.were disputed

D.were exchanged

41、In the legends of the American West, Paul Bunyan#39;s most (treasured) possession as Babe the Blue Us, whose horns were said to span a distance of 42 ax handles.

A.comical

B.valued

C.expensive

D.colorful

42、A supernova is a star that explodes and then slowly fades to less than its original (brightness).

A.size

B.weight

C.radiance

D.imortance

43、Over six million citizens of the United States collect benefits from( private) pension plans each year.

A.unauthorized

B.confidential

C.nontransferable

D.Nongovernmental

44、Since the 1950#39;s literary critics have attempted to answer the question: When did children#39;s literature first (emerge) as a distinct literary genre?

A.improve as

B.appear as

C.conform to

D.respond to

45、Granite crystals are large enough to be seen with the (naked) eye.

A.wary

B.candid

C.unaided

D.discerning

46、Having (enlisted) in the Marine Corps in August 1918, Opha May Jonnson was made a provisional sergeant a month later.

A.considered

B.joined

C.written to

D.risen in

47、The ( widespread) use of X-rays for diagnostic purposes poses the risk of overexposure to radiation.

A.medical

B.spacious

C.experimental

D. General

48、The geysers, one of the most unusual phenomena in nature, is beautiful to (behold).

A.view

B.relate

C.sketch

D.withhold

49、The lymphatic system includes a network of tiny capillaries that lie (adjacent )to the fine blood vessels.

A.independent of

B.obscured by

C.near

D.within

50、第一篇 Food and Health The food we eat seems to have profound e ffects on our health. Although science has made enormous steps in making many food more fit to eat, it has, at the same time, made many foods unfit to eat. Some research h as shown that perhaps eighty percent of all human illness are related to diet an d forty percent of cancer is related to the diet as well, especially cancer of t he colon. Different cultures are more prone to contract certain illness because of the food that is characteristic in these cultures. That food is related to illne ss is not a new discovery. In 1945, government researches realized that nitrate s and nitrites, commonly used to preserve color in meats, and other food additiv es caused cancer. Yet, these carcinogenic additives (有致癌作用的添加剂) remain in our food, and it b***mes more difficult all the time to know which things on the packaging lakes of processed food are helpful or harmful. The additives wh ich we eat are not all so direct. Farmers often give penicillin to beef and pou ltry and because of this, penicillin has been found in the milk of treated cows . Some times similar drugs are administered to animals not for medicinal purpos es but for financial reasons. The farmers are simply trying to fatten the anima ls in order to obtain a higher price on the market. Although the Food and Drug Administration (FDA. Has tried repeatedly to control these procedures, the pract ices continues.How has science done a disservice to mankind?

A.Because of science, disease caused by contaminated food has been virtually eradicated.

B.It has caused a lack of information concerning the value of food.

C. As a result of scientific intervention, some potentially harmful substances have been added to our food.

D.The scientists have preserved the color of meats, but not of vegetables.

51、(同21题)What are nitrates used for?

A.They preserve flavor in packaged foods.

B.They preserve the color of meats.

C.They are the objects of research.

D.They cause the animals to b***me fatter.

52、(同21题)What does FDA mean?

A. Food Direct Additives.

B. Final Difficult Analysis.

C. Food and Drug Administration.

D. Federal Dairy Additives.

53、(同21题)The word “carcinogenic” means most nearly the same as

A.trouble?making.

B.color?retaining.

C. Money?making.

D.cancer?causing.

54、(同21题)Which of the following statements is not true?

A.Drugs are always given to animals for medical reasons.

B. Some of the additives in our food are added to the food its elf and some are given to the living animals.

C.Researchers have known about the potential hazards of food additives for over thirty?five years. C.Researchers have known about the potential hazards of food additives for over thirty?five years. C.Researchers have known about the potential hazards of food additives for over thirty?five years. C.Researchers have known about the potential hazards of food additives for over thirty?five years. C.Researchers have known about the potential hazards of food additives for over thirty?five years. C.Researchers have known about the potential hazards of food additives for over thirty?five years. C.Researchers have known about the potential hazards of food additives for over thirty?five years.

D.Food may cause forty percent of cancer in the world.

55、第二篇Jeans In 1849 two men discovered gold in California. Men from the rest of the U nited States and other countries hurried there to look for gold too. These mine rs needed good strong clothes. A young man from Germany named Levi Strauss arrived in California in 1850 . He went there to sell things to the miners. He saw that the miners needed st rong pants so he began to make them. He used cloth that people make tents from . He put rivets (铆钉) on the pockets to make them strong becau se the men put r ocks in their pockets. These pants were very strong and lasted a long time. Th e pants became very popular immediately. Later Mr Strauss started making jeans from cotton cloth from Nimes, France . “De Nimes”means “from Nimes”. People called this cloth denim. Denim was po pular in the fifteenth century. Christopher Columbus used denim for the sails o f his ships. Sailors in Genoa Italy wore denim pants. The word “jeans”comes f rom the word “Genoa”. Mr Strauss made the first jeans in the United States, bu t the idea and the kind of cloth came from Europe. The names came from France an d Italy Jeans were always blue until recently. People used indigo (蓝靛 ) dye (染) them. Indigo is the oldest dye in the world. Most jeans have blue threads goi ng across and white threads going up and down. These two colors make denim look different from other kinds of cloth. Today Levi Strauss and Company makes jeans in large factories. Other comp anies all over the world also make jeans. Usually one worker makes just one par t of the pair of pants. Someone makes the front of the leg, and someone else ma kes the back. Another person puts in the zipper.The word denim comes from the name of a city in。

A.France

B.India

C.Italy

D.Germany

56、(同26题)Everyone thinks jeans are

A.French

B.American

C.Italian

D.German

57、(同26题)Levi Strauss went to California to

A.sell things to miners

B.look for gold

C.make jeans

D.be a sailor

58、(同26题)Rivets

A.make good sails

B.make tents strong

C.Come from Genoa

D.Make the pockets of jeans strong

59、(同26题)Cloth is made form thousands of

A.tents

B.sails.

C.factories

D.threads.

60、第三篇Two Types of People There are two types of people in the world. Although they have equal degr ees of health and wealth and the other comforts of life, one b***mes happy, the other b***mes miserable. This arises from the different ways in which they cons ider thing, persons, and events, and the resulting effects upon their minds. The people who are to be happy fix their attention on the conveniences of things, the pleasant parts of conversation, the well prepared dishes, the goodne ss of the wines, and the fine weather. They enjoy all the cheerful things. Those who are to be unhappy think and speak only of the contrary things. Therefore they are continually discontented . By their remarks, they sour the pleasures of society, offend many people and make themselves disagreeable everywhere. If this turn of mind were founded in n ature, such unhappy to criticize and be disgusted is perhaps taken up originall y by imitation. It grows into a habit, unknown to its possessors. The habit ma y be strong , but it may be cured when those who have it are convinced of its ba d effects on their interests and tastes. I hope this little warning may be of se rvice to them, and help them change this habit. Although in fact it is chiefly an act of the imagination, it has serious c onsequences in life, since it brings on deep sorrow and bad luck. Those people o f fend many others, nobody loves them, and no one treats them with more than the m ost common politeness and respect, and scarcely that. This frequently puts them in bad temper and draws them into arguments. If they aim at obtaining some adv antage in rank or fortune, nobody to favour their hopes. If they bring on thems elves public disapproval, no one will defend or excuse them. These people should change this bad habit. If they do not, it will be good for others to avoid any contact with them.People who are to be unhappy

A.Always consider things differently from others

B.Are usually influenced by the results of certain things

C.Can discover the unpleasant part of certain things

D.Usually have a fault?finding habit

答案:

1 B

2 A

3 B

4 A

5 A

6 B

7 C

8 B

9 B

10 D

11 D

12 A

13 B

14 Applications

15 Teaching

16 Knowledge

17 Sociefy

18 C

19 Education

20 energy

21 or

22 meet

23 have

24 that

25 social

26 in

27 responsible

28 local

29 population

30 C

31 D

32 B

33 B

34 A

35 C

36 A

37 A

38 C

39 C

40 B

41 B

42 C

43 D

44 B

45 C

46 B

47 D

48 A

49 C

50 C

51 B

52 C

53 D

54 A

55 A

56 B

57 A

58 D

59 D

60 D

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