英语倒装句

2024-06-08

英语倒装句(共12篇)

英语倒装句 篇1

倒装句在近几年英语试题中不断出现, 可是许多考生对这一考点掌握的还不够扎实, 容易出错, 下面笔者对倒装句进行一下小结.

一、完全倒装

谓语动词完全放到主语之前的句子, 便是完全倒装句.这类句型主要有两种:

1、表示方式或方位的副词或介词短语, 如here, there, now, then, up, down, in, away, off, out, in the room, on the wall等, 置于句首.如:

In this chapter will be foundthe answers to these questions.

对于这些问题你会在这一章找到答案。

South of the river lies asmall factory.

一家小工厂坐落在河的南岸。

3) Out rushed the children.

孩子们冲了出去。

4) Away flew the plane.

飞机飞走了。

2、Such置于句首时.如

1) Such are the facts, no onecan deny them.

事实就是这些, 没有人能够否认。

二、部分倒装

只把谓语的一部分 (多为助动词或情态动词) 置于主语之前的句子, 叫部分倒装.这类句型主要有三种情况:

1、only修饰副词, 介词短语或状语从句, 且放在句首时.如

1) Only in this way can we learn English well.

只有这样我们才能够学好英语。

Only when he returned did we find out the truth. (从句不倒装)

只有当他回来时我们才能弄清事情的真相。

注:only修饰主语时, 句子不倒装.如

3) Only he can answer thequestion.

只有他能回答这个问题。

2、否定副词never, nor, not, hardly, little, seldom等置于句首时.如:

1) Never before have I seensuch a moving film.

在此之前我从没有看过这么感人的电影。

2) Not a single mistake did hemake.

他犯的不只一个错误

3) Hardly do I think it possible to finish the job beforedark.

我认为在天黑之前完成这件工作几乎是不可能的。

3、两个重要的固定句型:

1) …;so+be/have/助动词/情态动词/+主语, 表示“….也是如此”

如:

A:I was afraid我害怕

B:So was I我也是.

注:如果句意不是“….也是如此”, 而仅是对前面内容的肯定或附和, 那么句子则不可使用倒装式.如:

A:I was afraid我害怕

B:So you were你确实很害怕

2) …..;neither (或nor) +be/have/助动词/情态动词+主语, 表示“….也不这样”.如:

I have never been abroad.Neither/Nor has he.

我从来没出过国, 他也没有.

三、形式倒装

形式上的倒装的语法上称为前置。它的特点是, 只要把强调的内容提至句首, 主谓并不倒装。这样的结构非常多, 但有三个重要的句型需要特别注意:

1、感叹句

其使用特点是对名词 (或中心词是名词) 感叹时, 用what引导;对形容词或副词感叹时, 用how引导。如:

1) What an interesting talkthey have!

他们进行了一次多么有趣的谈话啊!

2) How interesting their talkwas!

他们的谈话是多么的有趣啊!

2、the more….the more….句型。

其特点是句型中的more代表的是形容词或副词的比较级, 要灵活使用。如:

1) The more you listen toEnglish, the easier it becomes.

英语你听越多, 它就越容易

2) The harder you work, thegreater progress you will make.

你工作越努力, 就越会取得更大的进步。

3、Whatever引导让步状语从句或however+adj/adv引导的让步状语从句。如:

1) Whatever reasons you have, you should carry out your promise.

无论你有什么理由, 你都应当遵守诺言。

2) However difficult theproblem may be, we must work it out this evening.

无论这个问题有多难, 我们必须在今晚把它做出来。

最后, 我们通过几道往年的考试题来检验一下自己是否真正掌握了倒装句:

1) Not a single song____atyesterday’s party.

she sang B.sang she

C.did she sing D.she did sing

2) _____can you expect to geta pay rise.

A.With hard work B.Although work hard

C.Only with hard work D.Now that he works hard

3) Maybe you have been to many countries, but nowhere else_____such a beautiful palace.

A.can you find B.you could find

C.you can find D.could you find

答案:1) C 2) C 3) A

英语倒装句 篇2

Here comes the bus.

There goes the bell.

2. only 修饰时间、地点、方式等状语时,应用部分倒装。

Only in this way can we solve the problem.

Only when you told me did I know her name.

注意:如果 only 修饰的不是状语,则句子不倒装。

Only Uncle Li knows how it happened.

3. 表示对前者的陈述也适用后者时,肯定倒装用 so + 助动词/情态动词 + 后者,前句事否定,而后面的人也不怎么样时用 neither / nor + 助动词 / 情态动词 + sb。

He can speak English,so can I.

If she doesnt go there tomorrow,neither / nor will I.

注意

1) so + 助动词 / 情态动词 + 主语 表示前者的主语和后者的主语的情况一样,所谈到的是两个人,意为也是这样

2) so + 主语 + 助动词 / 情态动词表示前者和后者所指同一人时,说话者表示同意前者的观点,意为的确如此。

- Li Lei likes sports.

- So he does and so do I.

4. 由 not only but also 引起的并列句,若将 not only 置于句首时,该分句应部分倒装, but also 引导的分句不倒装。

英语“倒装”的9种表现形式 篇3

英语中常见的倒装句有下列一些情况:

1.在疑问句中:

(1)Are you a student?

(2)How can we grow rice in areas where there islittle water?

2.在there be结构中:

(1)There is a table and two chairs in the room.(There are two chairs and a table in the room.)

(2)There will be a basketball match this afternoon.

3.在以here,there或out,in,up,down,away等副词开头的句子里,以示强调。

(1)Here comes the bus.

(2)In came the teacher.

(3)Out rushed the children.

(4)There goes the bell.

(5)Away went the boy.

但主语是人称代词时,主语和谓语的语序不变。

(1)Here it is.

(2)Here you are.

(3)Away he went.

4.Only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句放在句首时:

(1)Only then did I realize that I was wrong.

(2)Only in this way can you learn your lessons well.

(3)Only when the war was over did he know his son had given his life to the country.

注意:only修饰主语时不倒装。

Only he knows the fact.

5.含有否定意义的副词或连词,如hardly,never,not,not only,little,seldom,at no time等放在句首时:

(1)Never shall I forget what you have done for me.

(2)Hardly had he got on the train when it began to move.

(3)Not only does she sing well, but also she dances well.

(4)Seldom did he go out.

(5)Not until we know more will we be able to improve the situation.

6.把副词so放在句首,表示前面所说的肯定的情况也适用于另一个人(或物)。其句型是so+be(have,助动词或情态动词)+主语。

(1)She is busy doing her homework. So is her brother.

(2)You have passed the exam. So have I.

(3)He can speak Russian very well. So can I.

(4)He likes volleyball very much. So do I.

(5)We went to see the film last Sunday. So did they.

(6)If you go there tomorrow, so will I.

7.把neither,nor放在句首,表示前面否定的内容也适用于另一个人(或物)时,要倒装。其句型是neither(nor)+be(have,助动词或情态动词)+主语。

(1)He doesnt like shopping. Neither do I.

(2)He cant speak any foreign language. Nor can his father.

(3)Im not a teacher. Neither(nor)is he.

(4)I have never been abroad. Neither (nor) has he.

8.为了保持句子平衡,或为了强调表语或状语,或使上下文紧密衔接时:

(1)They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which sat a small boy.

(2)East of the town lies a beautiful lake.

(3)Under the tree sits a boy.

9.在so...that结构中,so置于句首时,要用倒装结构。

(1)So long are his arms that he can reach the ceiling.

(2)So moved was he that he couldn't say a word.

(3)So loudly did he speak that even the people in the next room could hear him.

谈谈英语倒装句 篇4

完全倒装是将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时, 主要结构有:

here, there, now, then, up, down, in, out, away, off, in the room, on the wall, south of the...等表方位或方式的副词或介词短语置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run等。

Then came the chairman.

Away flew the plane.

South of the river lies a small factory.

In a lecture hall of a university in England sits a professor.

注意:上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词, 如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。

Away they went.

二、部分倒装

部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分一般为助动词或情态动词置于主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词, 则需添加助动词do, does或did, 并将其置于主语之前。

1.only加副词、介词、或状语从句在句首。

Only in this way, can you hope to make improvement in the operating systems

Only when he returned did we find out the truth.

若加状语从句在句首, 不要错把状语从句倒装, 这时仍倒装主句。

Only when he is seriously ill, does he ever stay in bed.

Only修饰主语时句子不倒装

Only he can answer the question. (can不能提到主语前)

2.句首为否定或半否定词, 如nowhere, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, nor, neither或有no的否定短语at no time, in no way, by no means等在句首。

Nowhere will you find the answer to this question.

Not a single mistake did he make.

Hardly do I think it possible to finish the job before dark.

At no time is smoking allowed here in the gas station.

Neither does he offer to help others, nor does he expect to be helped.

3.not only...but also连接两个分句时, 引导的第一个分句部分倒装。如:Not only is the teacher himself interested in football but all his students beginning to show an interest in it.

如果置于句首的not only...but also仅连接两个并列词语, 不可用倒装结构。

Not only you but also I am fond of music.

4.hardly/scarcely...when, no sooner...than结构, 当hardly/scarcely、no sooner置于句首时, 这些否定词所在过去完成时的句子要部分倒装而when/than后的部分不动。

Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her.=She had hardly gone out when...

No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her.=She had no sooner gone out than...

5.Not until加状语或状语从句提到句首时, until从句不倒装, 而是主句需要倒装。

Not until he returned did we have supper.

Not until eleven o’clock in the morning can he fall asleep.

6.so...that句型中的so+adj/adv部分位于句首时, such...that结构such+名词性部分位于句首时, so/such部分所在的主句需部分倒装, that后结果状语从句不动。

So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch...

Such great progress has he made that everyone admires him.

7.so, neither, nor作部分倒装

表示“也”、“也不”的句子要部分倒装。

Tom can speak French.So can Jack.

If you won’t go, neither will I.

注意:当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时, 不可用倒装结构。意为“的确如此”。

Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did.

—It’s raining hard.—So it is.

8.几种特殊部分倒装

(1) as, though引导的倒装句

as/though引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前。

注意:

名词提前不能带任何冠词。

Children as he is, he knows a lot.

系表结构形容词提前, 若最高级不加the。

Youngest as he is, he studies best.

(2) 某些表示祝愿的句子

May you all be happy!

May you succed!

(3) 在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were, had, should等词, 可将if省略, 把were, had, should提到主语之前。

英语里倒装句的用法 篇5

1. 在疑问句中。

Did you had your hair cut yesterday?

2. 在there be 结构中。

There are several students in the classroom.

3. 直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首时,有时也用倒装。

“ Build up your self-confidence.” said the teacher.

4. 在表示方向,地点的副词或某些介词词组开头的里,如there, here, out, in, up, down, away, in front of等,以示强调。

On the top of the hill stands an old temple.

Away flew the bird.

Out rushed the pupils.

但主语是人称代词时,主语和谓语的语序不变。

Here it is.

Away he went.

5. 含有否定意义的副词或连词,如never, not, not only, little, seldom, hardly等,放在句首时。

Not only am l out-going and active, but also enthusiastic and optimistic.

Never will he forget the first day to go to school.

Hardly had I got out of the house when it began to rain.

基本语序

6. Only 所修饰的副词,介词短语或状语从句放在句首时。

Only in this way can you have a good command of a foreign language.

Only if you put your mind into something can you get the best result of it.

7. So , neither, nor引起的句子,表示前面的情况也适用于另一个人或事物时。

His parents have gone abroad. So has he.

George doesn’t like animals and neither does his sister.

8. 在so/ such...that结构中,so和such 放在句首时。

So absorbed was he in the novel that he didn’t notice his father at the door.

So proud was he that he never listened to any advice.

9. 在表示祝愿的句子中。

May you succeed!

Long live the PRC!

10. 虚拟条件从句省去if时。

Had Mark invited me, I would have been glad to come.

倒装句考点聚焦 篇6

【关键词】倒装句 形式 考法

一、完全倒装

1.表示方式或方位的副词或介词短语,如there,here,now,up,down,in,out,away,off,in the room,on the wall等,置于句首表示强调,要完全倒装。

(1)There goes the bell. 铃响了。

(2)Out rushed the children.孩子们冲出来了。

(3)In came the boss. 老板走了进来。

(4)In the house lives an old man. 在这座屋子里住着一位老人。

(5)Between the two buildings stands a tall tree. 在这两栋大楼之间有一棵大树。

注意:句子的主语为人称代词时,句子不倒装。

Here it is. Away they went.

2.Such在句中做表语,置于句首且系动词是be,句子用倒装形式。

Such are the facts; no one can deny them. 事实就是这样,没人能否认。

在某些表示祝愿的感叹句中,要用完全倒装。

Long live the People’s Republic of China!

二、部分倒装

1.含有否定意义的副词或连词位于句首时。这类动词常用的有:few,little,never,not,not until,nowhere,rarely,seldom,hardly / scarcely…when…,no sooner…(than)…,not only…but(also),at no time,by no means,in no way等放在句首时,需用部分倒装。

(1)By no means can he catch up in such a short time. 他根本不可能在这么短的时间里赶上来。

(2)Never have I been to the USA. 我从没去过美国。

(3)Seldom does she get up late in the morning. 她很少睡懒觉。

(4)Not only is she smart but also she is beautiful. 她不但聪明而且漂亮。

2. so(肯定句)neither或nor(否定句)放在句首时,表示前面所说的情况也适合于另一人或物时,用部分倒装。其句型是“so/neither/nor+系动词/情态动词/助动词+(另一)主语”。

(1)If she doesn’t agree to the plan. Neither will Tom.如果她不同意这个计划。Tom也不会同意。

(2)We went to see the film last Sunday. So did they .我们上个星期天去看这部电影了。他们也去了。

3.当“only+状语(副词/介词短语/状语从句)”位于句首时,主句须用部分倒装,从句仍用自然语序。

(1)Only then did I realize the importance of learning English well. 直到那时我才意识到学好英语的重要性。

(2)Only when he reached school did he find out that he had left his textbook at home. 直到到了学校他才发现把课本落在家里了。

(3)Only by discovering what we do best can we hope to reach our goals and truly make a difference. 只有了解我们的专长,我们才有希望实现我们的目标,真正的有所作为。

注意:如果only强调的是主语部分,虽然位于句首,句子仍用自然语序。

Only a doctor can do that. 只有医生能做这件事。

4.在 “so…that” 和 “such…that”结构中,将“so+adj/adv. ”和“such+(a/an)+(adj)+n. ”提到句首时,句子须用部分倒装。

(1)So terrible was the storm that the whole roof was blown off. 暴风雨如此厉害,整个屋顶都被风吹掉了。

(2) Such a clever boy was Jack that he was able to work out all these difficult problems. 杰克是如此聪明的孩子,他能解答所有这些难题。

5.在as引导的让步状语从句中,必须用倒装,即将表语、状语、或动词原形提到as前面。其结构为:“名词/形容词/副词/动词原形+as+主语+谓语……”该句型中as可以用though代替。

(1)Child as he is,he knows a lot.虽然他是个孩子,却懂的很多。

(2)Clever as he is,he doesn’t study hard. 尽管他很聪明,但他学习不够刻苦。

(3)Much as I like it ,I won’t buy it,for it’s too expensive. 尽管我很喜欢它,但我不会买,因为它太贵了。

(4)Try as he might,he couldn’t open the door.虽然他试过几次,但仍不能把门打开。

6.表示虚拟语气的条件状语从句若省去if时,要将were,had或should置于从句的主语之前。若从句是否定句,否定词留在主语之后。

(1)Were I you (If I were you),I would go there at once.如果我是你,我就立刻去那儿。

(2)Had you come yesterday(If you had come yesterday),you could have helped us. 如果你昨天来就能帮上我们了。

议英语中的“倒装句” 篇7

完全倒装:即把整个谓语放到主语之前(是整个谓语动词,而非助动词)

In came the teacher and the class began.

1. 由地点和时间副词引出的完全倒装句:以地点副词here,there和时间副词now,then开头,后面的动词是be, come, exist, fall, follow, go, lie, remain,seem,stand等,而主语又是名词时,构成完全倒装句。注:如果主语是代词则不发生倒装。

2. 当句首状语为表示地点的介词词组时,句子须倒装。

部分倒装:即只把谓语的一部分(如助动词、情态动词等)放到主语前,或把句子的强调成分提前。

Nor did he let the disease stop him from living the kind of life he has always dreamt about.

1. 以否定副词开头并加状语放在句首的句子要求部分倒装。这些否定副词有barely,hardly,little,seldom…

2.scarcely…when,no sooner …than, hardly…when引导的主从复合句。

3. 一些介词 +no+ 名词的结构中需要用部分倒装,这些结构包括at no time;by no means;by no manner of means…

4.当句首状语由“only + 副词”,“only + 介词词组”,“only + 状语从句”构成时,句子须倒装。

5.由as引导的部分倒装句:

当as引导让步状语时,当用作“尽管”之义时,用于部分倒装句。

so,neither,nor倒装

a) 当so表示“也,相同,那样”时,通常表示对前一句肯定句的赞同、一致内容,要求使用倒装句。

b) so /such …that句型可以构成部分倒装句,表示强调so /such和that之间的部分。

c)也存在such+be+ 主语的情况用以强调。

d) neither和nor倒装形式。

从上面情况来看,我认为不能因为是语法规定,才使用倒装句。多数情况下使用倒装句更是合情合理,并不是可用可不用的。倒装句是人类一定认知规律作用的结果,它丰富了英语的表达。英语学习者掌握倒装句各种句式的用法和修辞功能,不仅能提高自身阅读和欣赏语言的能力,对提高自身写作水平也很有帮助。

摘要:高中英语中的倒装句,既是重点又是难点。现把其主要用法加以总结,使学生学起来更加容易。

英语倒装句 篇8

英国著名语言学家Dick Allwright在行动研究的基础上提出了以理解语言课堂生活质量为宗旨的“探索型实践”( Exploratory Practice),其国内外影响正在逐步扩大。探索型实践是一种教学研究,它强调对教学采取综合性研究并突出创设真实的课堂环境的重要性,让所有学生都参与其中,在和谐的环境中发展他们的语言能力。笔者在实践的基础上,结合《标准》的要求与探索型实践的理论,在高中英语语法教学中探索运用CASES模式,以达到在生动、具体的语言环境中,让学生通过自己的观察,主动探索归纳出语法知识,并把语法用于实践交流中。

CASES是Context(语境)、Appreciating(欣赏)、Seeking(探索)、Experiencing(体验)和Sharing(分享)五个单词的首字母,意为在教师创设的能激发学生兴趣的语境中,师生、生生进行互动,引导学生欣赏语言中隐含的语法结构及其传递的语法意义,并让学生通过观察或小组讨论,探索出语法规则,然后在训练中进行体验,增强语感,最后通过口头交际或书面表达分享学习成果。CASES模式引导学生在自然、丰富的语言环境中主动探索语法规律,自主归纳出语法规则,从而避免了教学的满堂灌现象,也帮助学生构建了比较完整的英语语法知识体系,能在实践中正确运用英语语法,提高语言输出质量,形成较强的语用能力。

下面,以倒装句的教学为例,谈谈CASES模式在高中英语语法教学中的具体运用。

一、展示语境

热身阶段,笔者通过PPT呈现一则阅读文本,拉开语法学习的序幕。文本如下:

Oh no, not again!

People from all over the world sat silently in theShooting Hall. Here came Emmons, the Athens’loser. He fired. The target was right this time.

However, the people stood up with a scream.Hardly could people believe their eyes. He only got4.4 and fell to the fourth.

Never did Emmons expect it. In no time did hefreeze. This unlucky guy, Emmons was leading themoment ago. Not until the last shot did he lose.

Gone was the gold. So was the silver. Even thebronze ... So depressed was he that he came up to hiswife. He couldn’t accept it. Nor could his wife. Shedid nothing but hug him deeply.

Fortunately, he missed the gold, but not love.

【评析】上课伊始,笔者利用一则有关体育的阅读文本吸引学生的兴趣。并且此文本含有不同形式的倒装句式,为倒装句教学创设了语境,也为学生接下来积极、有效地参与课堂活动做好了铺垫。

二、欣赏和感悟

学生看完文本后,教师要求他们找出文中出现的倒装句。学生很快发现并找出了各种倒装句式,然后教师在幻灯片上进行呈现。接着,教师引导学生欣赏倒装句的语法结构并领悟其意义。最后,要求学生把找出的倒装句转变成正常语序的句子,加深学生对倒装句的理解和认知。

【评析】在学生找出倒装句后,让学生比较正常语序的句子和倒装句,既肯定了学生的发现,又让学生对倒装句留下了深刻印象。

三、探索和探究

在学生比较了正常语序的句子和倒装句后,教师引导学生探究倒装句及正常语序句子的不同结构及完全倒装和部分倒装两种不同形式倒装句的特点。

接着,结合学生以前接触过的倒装句及对以上例子的观察,师生共同探讨,归纳出如下一些完全倒装和部分倒装的语法规则。

here, there, now, then, out, in, up, down, away放句首,句子应完全倒装。

not ... until ..., so ... that ... 位于句首,主句的谓语动词部分倒装,从句不倒装。

hardly, never, nor, seldom, little, rarely, scarcely等含有否定意义的副词或连词位于句首时,引起部分倒装。

【评析】通过比较,学生发现了倒装句和正常语序句子的不同;通过探究,学生发现了完全倒装和部分倒装两种不同形式倒装句的特点;通过师生共同探讨,学生归纳出了倒装句的语法规则。这样的教学使学生聚精会神,不但达到激趣、诱思的目的,更加深了学生对知识的理解。

四、体验和巩固

语法教学要及时体验,当场巩固,让学生在大量的语言实践中熟悉语法规则,正确运用语法知识,从而提高学生的语用能力。有了前面的探究和归纳,此时给他们适当的练习很有必要,如改写句子、翻译练习、文章润色等由浅入深的操练。操练中学生不但体验到不同形式的语法练习,而且在此过程中也巩固了所学语法内容。语法课离不开体验和巩固,在欣赏、感悟、探索、探究之后的体验和巩固能够让学生动口、动手、动情、动脑,为之后把所学语法用于实践交流打好基础。

(一)改写句子

笔者出示下面两个正常语序的句子要求学生改写成倒装句。

1. Emmons could hardly believe that he lost thegold medal again.

→Hardly could Emmons believe that he lost thegold medal again.

2. We were so thrilled to see three Five-starredRed Flags rising that our eyes were filled with tears.

→So thrilled were we to see three Five-starredRed Flags rising that our eyes were filled with tears.

(二)翻译练习

请学生用倒装句翻译以下三个句子。

1.山顶有一座古老的寺庙。

2.那记号很小,我几乎看不到。

3.直到河里所有的鱼都死了,村民们才意识到污染是多么的严重。

(答案分别为:1. On the top of the hill stands an old temple. 2. So small was the mark that I could hardly see it. 3. Not until all the fish died in the riverdid the villagers realize how serious the pollution was.)

(三)文章润色

教师发给学生一份有关描述抢劫事件的材料,要求学生根据先前对倒装句语法规则的归纳将材料中的相关句子改写成倒装句。

【评析】在此环节学生体验了大量倒装句的语言材料,增强了语感,为真实的交际做好了准备。多样化的课堂操练形式让学生从丰富的课堂活动中,从不同的角度体验和掌握语言项目。学生通过参与课堂互动,既运用了语法知识,又培养了交际能力。

五、运用与分享

通过欣赏、探索和体验,学生头脑中已有了一定的倒装句概念。在此基础上再引导学生运用倒装句进行写作,学以致用,进一步巩固所学知识。笔者请学生写一篇描述某人物给自己带来正能量的文章,内容应包括该人物的性格、品质及如何激励我们努力学习的,并且要求学生在写作时合理使用新学的倒装句。

一方面为了帮助掌握不牢固的学生,另一方面也为了让学生掌握得更全面、更系统,笔者在幻灯片上呈现以下与倒装句有关的副词或连词:“here(there, now, then) out, in, up, down, away”,“never,nor, seldom, little, hardly, rarely, scarcely”,“notuntil ... ”,“Not only ... but also ..., so ... that ...”。

等学生完成写作之后,笔者抽取一两份学生的优秀习作进行展示,供学生取长补短,共同提高。

【评析】以书面表达的形式让学生运用倒装句,这样既让学生回顾、总结了所学的语言知识,又给了学生足够的自由发挥和创造性运用语言的空间。而分享优秀的作品,既使学生所学的语法知识得到巩固,又让学生有学有所成的成就感,体验到学习的快乐,从而激发他们进行更深层次的自主探究学习。

谈谈倒装在英语中的运用 篇9

一、语法和习惯用法需要的倒装句

1. 在疑问句中, 除主语由疑问词表示或修饰外, 用部分倒装。例如:

(1) Is steel a mixture of iron and carbon?

钢是一种碳铁混合物吗?

(2) How does a television camera work?

电视摄相机是怎样工作的?

(3) Do you know which film they are talking about?

你知道他们在谈论哪一部电影吗?

2. 由there, here, so, then等词引起的句子, 习惯上用倒装语序, 例如:

(1) There is a pen and two books on the desk

桌上有一支钢笔和两本书。

(2) There stands a bridge across the river.

河上有座桥。

(3) He has finished his work.So have I.

他做完了他的工作, 我也做完了。

3. 为使语意更强烈, 表现更有力, 有些让步状语从句须用倒装形式。例如:

尽管时间不早了, 他们仍然继续工作。

(1) Late as it was, they continued to work.

(2) However hard I tried, I could not memorize the text.

尽管我花了功夫, 但课文还是记不住。

4. 一些含有否定意义的副词, 连词, 或词组放在句首时, 习惯用倒装语序。例如:

(1) Never shall we forget the bitter past.

我们绝不忘记苦难的过去。

(2) At no time will China be a superpower.

中国任何时候都不会做超级大国。

(3) Scarcely had he arrived when they asked him to leave again.

他刚一到来, 他们就又请他离去。

5. 在含有were, had, should等的虚拟条件状语从句中, 若省略连词if, 要用部分倒装, 即把were, had, should等移到主语前面。例如:

(1) Had you been more careful, such spelling mistakes might have been avoided.

要是你再仔细些, 像这样一些拼写错误就可以避免了。

(2) Should he come tomorrow, he would help us with our work.

如果他明天来, 就会帮助我们工作。

6. 表示祝愿的句子, 常用倒装语序。例如:

Long live the People’s Republic of China!

中华人民共和国万岁!

二、因修辞需要句子倒装

一般说来, 这种倒装句用正常的语序也可以, 但是根据修辞需要, 或是强调, 或是使句子结构平衡, 或是使上下文结构紧密, 这时就需要用倒装句。例如:

1. 描绘性倒装:在描绘一个情景时, 为了表达生动, 增强语言效果, 使读者印象深刻, 往往要用倒装句。

Following the roar, out rushed a tiger from among the bushes.随着一声吼叫, 猛地从林子里冲出一只老虎。

需要注意的是, 如果这一类句子的主语不是名词而是代词, 则不必倒装。试比较:

Off they ran to the school.

(主语是代词谓语不倒装)

Off ran the children to the school.

(主语是名词谓语倒装)

2. 强调倒装:

这种倒装与描绘倒装不同。描绘倒装是为了使句子形象生动, 而强调倒装只是为了强调句中的某一成分。例如:

(1) Silver and gold have I none.

金和银我都没有。

(2) Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers, candles, turkeys and toys.

货品中有圣诞树.花卉.蜡烛.火鸡和玩具。

3, 为了使句子平衡和衔接。有时为了使句子结构保持平衡, 将主语与谓语倒装能更好地表达作者的意图;或者把前一句里提到的人, 事, 物在下一句中首先点出来, 来引起读者的注意, 从而使前后两句在意思上衔接的更加清楚, 更加紧密。例如:

On the winding path were to be found footprints of some strange animals.

沿着曲折的小道可以发现一些奇异野兽的足迹。

倒装句的运用情况还有很多种, 以上只是简单的概述了一些。在实际应用中, 还需要我们仔细地加以辨别, 句子的倒装究竟属于哪一种。比如下面这个句子就比较特殊。

The door opened and in came a troop of children in all sort of fancy dresses.

门一开, 呼的一声跑进来一群穿戴着打扮成各种角色服装的孩子。

英语语言中关于倒装语序的探讨 篇10

一、全部倒装

1.There be句型是一种全部倒装句, 很多正常语序的句子, 只要主语是非特指的名词或名词词组, 而谓语又含有be的某一形式, 都可以借助于引导词there转换为倒装句。例如:

1) There are over a hundred elements in the world.

世界上已经有了一百多种元素。

2) Something must be wrong.There must be something wrong.

肯定出什么大事了。

3) No one was waiting.There was no one waiting.

没有人在等候。

有时为了生动地描写事物, 其他一些表示存在意义的不及物动词也可用于此句型。这些动词有:exist, lie, stand, live, remain, appear, come, happen, occur, rise等。例如:

1) There stands a monument at the center of the square.

广场中心立着一块纪念碑。

2) There lies a river among the hills.

群山之中有条河。

3) There exist different opinions on this question.

在这个问题上存在不同意见。

2.以here, there, now, then, thus, hence等引导的句子, 习惯上主谓语全部倒装, 其谓语动词通常是不带助动词或情态动词的不及物动词。例如:

1) Here is a ticket for you.

这里有你一张票。

2) Now comes your turn.

现在该轮到你了。

3) Thus ended the lecture.

这样讲演便结束了。

3.表示方向, 地点的状语置于句首, 而谓语又是表示运动的动词或表示存在的动词时, 句子的主, 谓语通常全部倒装。

1) Down came the bird.

那只鸟飞了下来。

2) Up went the plane.

那架飞机冲入云霄。

3) On a hill in front of them stood a great castle.

在他们面前的山上, 耸立着一座巨大的城堡。

4) .Away went a car like a flash.

车子闪电般开走了。

这种表示方向, 地点的词或词组有:up, down, away, here, in, out, off等。这种表示运动或存在动词有:go, come, fall, rush, etc;be, stand, lie等。这里需要注意的是:主语是人称代词时一般不能倒装。例如:There it comes.Away they went.

4.有时表语前置或分词前置也构成全部倒装。例如:

Happy indeed are the young people of today.

今天的年轻人实在幸福。

Marching at the head of the procession were some veterans of the Second World War.

二、部分倒装

否定词或具有 (半) 否定词语置于句首作为句首状语时, 一般必须采用部分倒装语序。

具有否定或半否定意义的词或词组有:no, never, seldom, little, few, rarely, hardly, never before, nowhere, no longer, no more, not often, not until, not only, at no time, in no way, in/under circumstances, in no case, on no account, hardly…when, scarcely…when, no sooner…then等。例如:

Never before have I seen such a wonderful park.

Hardly did I think it possible.

Seldom have I met him recently.

Under no circumstances will we be the first to use nuclear weapons.

Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the young sender.

注意:当句子的主语由little修饰, 或主语本身就是not a word, not a soul等时, 主语不必倒装。例如:

Nothing would the poor child reply.

2.当置于句首的宾语是nothing, no one, nobody等否定词, 或被not a修饰时, 句子要部分倒装。例如:

1) Nothing would the poor child reply.

那个可怜的孩子什么也不说。

2) Not a single word did Tom speak.

汤姆一句话也不说。

注意:但主语为代词时, 仍可以不倒装。

3.“only+副词、介词、状语从句”位于句首, 即当句首状语有only修饰时, 需要采用部分倒装。例如:

1) Only then did I realize the importance of English.

只有那时我才意识到英语的重要性。

2) Only in Beijing have I seen such a beautiful scenery.

只有在北京我才能看到如此美丽的风景。

3) Only if he is seriously ill, does he ever stay in bed.

只有病得很重时, 他才会躺在床上。

4.“so…that”结构中的“so+状语”位于句首表示强调时, 需要部分倒装。例如:

So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him.

他说话声大得隔壁的人都能听得见。

如果“so…that”结构中的谓语动词时系动词, 则实际上就是采用全部倒装语序。

So strong and healthy is he that he is never found ill.

他这么健壮, 从未见过他生病。

5.由so (neither, nor) 指代前面一句的内容表示“也是 (也不) ”的意义时, 通常位于句首, 并引起倒装。例如:

1) Tom can’t speak French.Nor (Neither) can Jack.

汤姆不会讲法语, 杰克也不会讲。

2) He has finished his work, and so have I.

他已经完成了工作, 我也是。

3) If you won’t go, neither will I.

如果你不去, 我也不去。

注意:当so引出的句子是对上文的内容加以证实或肯定时, 不用倒装。例如:

Tom asked me to go to play football, and so I did.

“Bill will win the prize”———“So he will.”

6.当以下几种状语置于句首表示强调时, 一般可以采用部分倒装。

频度状语:often, many a time, every day, now and then等。

方式状语:gladly, sadly, well, with every justification, with good reason等。

程度状语:especially, to such an extent, to such a degree, to such extremes, to such length, to such a point等。

例如:

1) Many a time has he given me good advice.

2) Well do I remember the day when it happened.

7.用于were, had, should等词开头的虚拟条件句 (即省略了if的虚拟条件句中) , 也引起部分倒装。但如果从句中没有were, had或should, 则不能这样做。例如:

1) Should he come, tell him to ring me up.

2) Were I in your position, I would go.

3) Had they not helped us, our experiment would have failed.

8.以as, though, no matter how (who…) 或however引导的让步状语从句, 当对as等引导的分句中的形容词、分词、副词强调时, 一般采取以下倒装结构:

形容词/分词/副词+as/though+主语+谓语。

1) Strong as he is, he cannot lift the big stone.

2) No matter how busy he is, he has to attend the meeting.

3) However cold it is, he always goes swimming.

摘要:英语语言中主语和谓语有两种顺序:一种是主语在前, 这和汉语时一致的, 称为陈述语序。反之, 如果谓语在主语前面就是倒装语序。倒装语序又分为全部倒装和部分倒装。本文主要介绍了全部倒装和部分倒装的几种典型的句子结构, 故在什么情况下, 我们使用全部倒装;什么情况下, 我们需要使用部分倒装。文中列举了各种使用全部倒装和部分倒装的句子结构以及典型词语和词组等。

倒装句教学心得 篇11

下面我想谈谈的是语法中的倒装句的教与学,以此来看看我们的语法教学如何教与学。也许,可以从中得到些许收获。

一、 识根本,抓基础

考纲要求学生要掌握倒装句的部分倒装和完全倒装的几种常见形式。下面笔者从完全倒装、部分倒装两个方面,归纳总结倒装句高考考点,帮助同学们巧解倒装句。

倒装句主要指的是谓语语序的倒装,当然也有宾语和表语语序的倒装。倒装句分为两种,部分倒装(partial inversion——将谓语的一部分提到主语之前)和全部倒装(full inversion——将谓语的全部提到主语之前)。倒装的表现形式大体有下面几种:

1. 类型:全部倒装

全部倒装的常见几种:

(1) here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首时,谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run这种句子的主语必须是名词。否则就不用倒装。

(2) 表示运动方向的副词如out, in, up, down置于句首时,谓语是表示运动方向的动词。在这里抓住运动方向就可以了。

Away ran the students.

(3) There be结构。另外,在此结构中可以用来代替be动词的动词有: exist, seem, happen, appear, live, rise, stand等。如:

There stood a tiger before him.

(4) 表语前置三种情况

① 结构“分词(代词) + be + 主语”结构

② 介词 + be + 主语

③ 形容词 + 联系动词 + 主语

(5) 表示地点的介词短语(如on the wall, under the tree, in front of the house, in the middle of the room等)放在句首时,要全部倒装。如:

On the top of the hill stands a pine tree.

根据上面的五条全部倒装句结构,让学生思考一定的时间,总结顺口溜之类什么的,这样可以记得牢靠,而且与形象记忆相结合,大有好处。

完全倒装的口诀:

全部倒装谓在前,情况请记这几点,介词短语表地点,表语前置就有三,位置副词there句, neither、 nor也如此,有时句子找平衡,贺词祝愿也常用。

2. 部分倒装

(1) 用于疑问句

(2) 句首为否定或半否定的词语,如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until ... 等。

Never have I seen such a performance.

当not until引出主从复合句,主句倒装,从句不倒装。

(3) 以否定词如not only——but also Hardly/Scarcely——when, No sooner——than

Hardly had she gone away when the police came to her.

(4) 表示上文的状况也适合另外一人或事半功倍有下列:

肯定: so + 助动词(动/情态) + 主语 *主语与上文一致

否定: neither(nor) + 助动(动/情态) + 主语

(5) only + 状语,部分到装

Only in this way can you hope to make improvement in the operating system.

(6) as、 though作“尽管/虽然”,引导让步状语从句,由于语法需要,把表语/状语/动词提于句首。

Child as he was, he had to make a living.

(7) so ... that ..., such ... that ... 的句子结构中,若so, such和与其所修饰的词置于句首,实行部分倒装。

So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch.

(8) 若if引导的虚拟条件句中有were, had, should时,可将if省略,把were, had, should放主语之前。

Were I you, I would try it again.

(9) 表示愿望的感叹句倒装。

May our country become rich and strong!

英语倒装句 篇12

语言的本质之一就是动态发展。对我国的学习者来说,依靠互联网作为语言知识的载体是一个不错的选择。互联网能快速、大量地向学习者传递真实而地道的语言资料。学习者可以利用这一平台,不断提高自己使用英语的能力。笔者以一次教学经历为例,介绍利用网络语料库来帮助英语语法的学习。

笔者在进行模块5第四单元的教学工作中,发现了一个问题。这个单元的语法专题是倒装结构。学生workbook的(P64)第二题,要求学生把下列的正常语序的句子改写成倒装结构的句子。第一个句子是这样的:Now comes your chance to shine作为英语教师,应该很清楚在倒装结构中,有这样一种情况:当充当时间状语的副词now, then位于句首时,句子要构成完全倒装。因此,根据所了解的语法知识,这里的正确答案应该是Your chance to shine comes now.

而事实上,根据教参,修改后的句子应是:Now your chance to shine comes.很明显,这是非常矛盾的。可能有两种原因:一是教参上的答案是错误的;二是now放在句首时,可以倒装或者不倒装。

针对这个问题,笔者先查阅了词典(牛津高级英汉双语词典第四版)。查询到如下三个例句:(1) Where are you living now?(2) Now I can get on with my work.(3) Now is the best time to visit the gardens.从查询的例句结果看,例1中now置于句末,充当时间状语,并不构成倒装。这当然没什么问题。可是例2和例3中,now都置于句首,例2不倒装而例3却倒装。那么这是否就可以说明now放在句首时既可以倒装,又可以不倒装?

然后笔者去查了很多有关语法的教学资料,得出的结论大抵上差不多,都是关于当充当时间状语的副词now, then位于句首时,句子要构成完全倒装。浙江省教育厅编写的《2009英语总复习导引》一书中是这么讲解的:当here, there, now, then等副词位于句首,且谓语动词为be, come, go, follow等时,要采用完全倒装。如“Now comes my turn.”这样一来,刚好解释了词典上例2例3两个句子的不同。但是,对于书本教参上的答案“Now your chance to shine comes.”,还是矛盾的。于是,笔者想借助语料库这个工具,进行进一步的了解。

登录http://www.natcorp.ox.ac.uk/英国国家语料库。该网址为全世界的英语学习者提供语料资源,嵌入关键字“Now comes the”,得到36例报告,如:

所得到的36例报告都是now置于句首所构成的倒装结构。

嵌入关键字“Now is the”,得到221例报告,如:

在列举的50例报告中,有37例报告都是关于now置于句首构成的倒装。

嵌入关键字“Now goes the”或“Now go the”检索报告没有这样的搭配。嵌入关键字“Now follow the”得到6例报告;嵌入有一例是关于倒装的。

根据这些检索报告,可以断定now作为时间状语置于句首时,确实可以构成倒装结构,不过是在谓语动词是come, be动词的情况下。虽然很多教学资料上都有提及now作为时间状语置于句首,谓语动词是go, follow时也是需要倒装的,更多教学资料上表示只要now, then置于句首,句子就要完全倒装。现在看来,这种说法并不确切。至少笔者在十余年的教学过程中,未见到过now, then置于句首时,谓语动词是go, follow的倒装句的例句或者相关的练习题。

但是now置于句首时是必须用倒装结构吗?笔者再次使用语料库进行了解。

嵌入关键字“Now the_____is”,得到248例报告。例如:

由此可见,now置于句首时,谓语动词为be动词时,并不总是倒装结构。再回头观察关键字“Now is the”的37例倒装结构的报告中,有34例报告中的主语是the time;其他三例报告中的主语分别是the winter, the season, the opportunity。关键字“Now the_____is”列举的50例报告中,没有一例的主语是the time。根据以上的呈现,大致可以推断出now置于句首,且谓语是be动词,主语是time等与时间有关的名词的时候,通常采用倒装结构。

另外,嵌入关键字“Now the____comes”,得到3例报告,如下:

虽然只有三例报告,但足以说明now置于句首时,可以不倒装,那么也就说明教参上的答案“Now your chance to shine comes.”不存在错误。但是假设把这个答案给学生的话,那岂不是自己亲手打破自己所教给他们的“规则”了?学生拿到了这样一个答案,只会感到更加混淆。教师也不需要再引导学生学习“now作为时间状语置于句首时,谓语动词是come, be动词的情况下,句子需要完全倒装”这样的“规则”。因为在学生看来,这根本就是自相矛盾。

同时,笔者发现,2009年福建的英语高考试卷中,有这样一道选择题:

高考试卷意义重大,所有试题都是经过专家审核,是具有权威性的。既然“then置于句首,句子要完全倒装”这个语法点能被列入高考试题,就说明对于高中生而言,这就是一条不变的“规则”。由此可见,教参上的答案是不正确的,至少对于高中生的那道练习来说,这是一个错误的答案。

应该说,“now充当时间状语放在句首,谓语是come或be动词时,句子需要完全倒装”,这是高中生英语学习的“规则”,却并不能反映当代英语国家英语使用的实际情况。通过对语料库的检索和考查,时间状语now置于句首时确实有不倒装的情况,尽管出现的频率并不高。

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