八年级英语语法知识点

2024-11-18

八年级英语语法知识点（精选10篇）

八年级英语语法知识点篇1

八年级上册英语语法知识点总结

.Unit1：1.学习谈论过去发生的事情，复习一般过去时态。一般过去时表示过去某个时间或某个时间内发生的动作或存在的状态。.例如：Where did you go on vacation ?I went to New York..2

学习掌握不定代词的用法:anyone something anything everything nothing no one 等等...unit2: 1.讨论经常你经常做的事情，用how often 进行提问.例如：How often do you exercise? I exercise every day..2.学习掌握频度副词：always almost always usually often sometimes hardly ever seldom never...unit3: 1.学习形容词和副词的比较级规则，分为规则变化和不规则变化形容词和副词的比较级用法：表示两者(人和事物)的比较。..规则变化：1.一般在此为加er.2.以字母e结尾的词，在词尾加r.3.重度闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时，双写该辅音字母，再加er.4.以辅音字母加y结尾的双音节词，先把y改I 再加er.5.多音节和部分双音节词在词前加more.不规则变化另外记忆。...Unit4: 1.学习形容词和副词的最高级规则，分为规则变化和不规则变化。.形容词和副词的最级用法：表示三者或三者以上(人和事物)的比较，其中有一个在某一方面超过其他几个，后面用of /in 短语来说明比较的范围。.规则变化：1.一般在此为加est.2.以字母e结尾的词，在词尾加st.3.重度闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时，双写该辅音字母，再加est

.4.以辅音字母加y结尾的双音节词，先把y改I 再加est.5.多音节和部分双音节词在词前加most.不规则变化另外记忆...Unit5:1.谈论个人喜好，学会做计划。.例如：what do you think of talk show.I can’t stand it.2.学习和掌握关于电视节目的单词： talk show sitcomNews soap opera game show sports show talent show...。Unit 6 1.谈论将来的打算，学会用be going to 结构的用法.Be going to 是一种固定结构，它后面接动词原形，用来表示按计划或安排要发生的动作，有时也可以表示推测将要发生或肯定会发生的动作，有“准备，打算”的意思。.例如I am going to study math really hard..2掌握词组：have to do with make promise have …in common write downFor this reason take up...Unit 7 1学习一般将来时态。.一般将来时由“助动词+动词原形”构成，表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，也可以表示将来经常或反复发生的动作，常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如 tomorrow, next week ,next year ,in the future等。.例如：what will the future be like ?...Unit8: 1.学会描述步骤和方法，掌握关联词：first then next finally

.2.学会对可数名词和不可数名词的多少进行提问How much 对不可数名词的多少进行提问How many 对可数名词的多少进行提问...Unit9 1.学会邀请人参加活动和委婉拒绝别人的邀请和建议..例如：can you come to my party on Saturday?.Sure ,I ‘d love to.Sorry ,I must study for a math test..2.学会些邀请信和拒绝函。...Unit10: 1学习简单的if 引导的条件状语从句If条件状语从句表示在某条件下，某事很可能发生，条件是可能存在的，主句中某种情况发生的概率也是很高的。.例如:if you ask him, he will help you..注意：.If从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，简称“主将从现”。

八年级英语语法知识点篇2

本单元是人教版《义务教育课程标准实验教科书英语 (新目标) 》八年级下册Unit 4 He said I was hard-working。本单元谈论的主题 (Topic) 是通过“讲故事 (Telling a story) ”来转述别人说话的内容;其功能 (Functions) 是“Report what someone said”;目标语言 (Target language) 是要求学生学会将直接引语转换为间接引语 (注意时态、人称和所有格等的变化) ;其主要学习方法是Listening for key words和Selfevaluating。在本单元教学结束时我们所要达到的教学目标是让学生学会将直接引语转换为间接引语, 把握一般现在时态与一般过去时态、现在时态与过去时态之间的转换。

Section A第一部分围绕Soap opera这一话题展开讨论, (la) 听力 (1b) 会话 (1c) 训练, 让学生通过肥皂剧认识本单元的目标语言, 即Reported what someone said的句型;第二部分继续围绕Soap opera的话题展开听力, (2a—2b) 会话 (2c) 训练, 帮助学生进一步掌握Direct speech和Reported speech的用法;第三部分继续围绕本单元的功能句型Reported speech开展各种课堂活动。本节课我提炼本单元的重点语法——陈述句的间接引语, 进行专门的训练。

二、教学设计与指导思想

这是一节语法课, 本课设计采用任务型语法教学方式, 将语法知识学习和交际表达训练有机结合在“以学生为中心”的课堂活动之中。让学生在相互交流沟通中培养语言表达能力和实现情感交流。

依据新课程的理念, 语法知识的教和学应立足于语言实践活动。这是基础教育英语课程教学的根本原则, 即实践第一性原则。在教学设计方面, 我遵循“先语言, 后语法”的原则, 有意识地提前做好铺垫, 整体把握语法学习目标。建立在可理解性原则之上的预先的铺垫, 将给学生提供感受新的语法结构的机会, 为他们后面学习此语法规则提供了经验, 做好了准备。

我还设计了许多有针对性的实际操练, 语法概念的掌握和学习、巩固也必须通过多种具有针对性的实际操练。这一节课我设计了集体转述、个体回答、男女生竞赛等活动, 对间接引语中时态、人称、所有格等的变化进行反复操练。然后, 在听或读的语篇中导入语法, 在准确表达意义的基础上学习和掌握语言规律体系。因为, 只有在完整的语篇中呈现语法结构并引导学生注意、发现并根据上下文理解或领悟目标语法结构的表意功能, 才能有效地帮助学生学习语法。例如本节课中, 我用生动有趣的故事来让学生感受。最后, 创设情境活动实现语言的运用, 使语言规则体系的掌握真正落到实处。这既是掌握语法规则的必要的实践活动, 更是本单元学习语法的最终目的。

本节课的教学目标是用Reported speech来描述别人说过的话, 在描述的时候, 要注意人称、时态、所有格和部分时间状语的变化, 这是本节课的重点, 也是难点。

三、教学过程

(1) 课前热身, 赋予情趣。一学生萨克斯独奏《光阴的故事》《我相信》。

(2) 根据情境, 导入新课。问刚才演奏的同学:What do you want to be in the future?S:I want to be a singer.T:He says he wants to be a singer.展开操练。 (设计意图:将语法知识学习和交际表达训练有机结合, “先语言, 后语法”, 让学生在语言交际中体会语法功能。并引起兴趣、宣告主题和推进课程)

(3) 根据课件, 看图说话。并出示直接引语和间接引语变化规则, 让学生进一步了解间接引语的变化规则。

(4) 扩展思维, 活学活用 (教师提供部分明星介绍, 让学生转述) 。

Zhang Shaohan said

Age:26

Can:sing and dance

In the future:make a movie

(设计意图:通过完成老师分配的任务, 让学生在互相沟通中培养语言表达能力和实现情感交流)

(5) 组织男女竞赛, 看谁眼尖、脑快, 激发学生学习热情。

(6) 小组实践, 同伴练习。教师出示一篇运用直接引语的文章, 小组用英语转述。

四、教学后记

八年级英语语法知识点篇3

1. work on doing sth. 致力于做某事

3. as soon as ...... 一……就……

5. once upon a time 从前

7. continue to do sth. 继续做某事

9. the journey to ……之旅

11. keep doing sth. 坚持做某事

13. give up 放弃

15. instead of 代替;反而

17. turn ... into 变成

19. get married 结婚

21. the main character 主要人物;主人公

23. at other times 在另外一些时候

2. come out （书、电影等）出版

4. become / be interested in 对……感兴趣

6. the rest of the story 故事的剩余部分

8. leave sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事

10. make a plan to do sth. 筹划/计划做某事 12. lead sb. to someplace 把某人领到某地 14. get lost 迷路

16. change one’s plan 改变某人的计划 18. send sb. to someplace 派某人去某地

20. remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某事

22. remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事

24. sb. happen to do sth. 某人碰巧做某事

【重难点句子】

1. It doesn’t seem very possible to move a mountain.

要把一座山给移走好像不太可能。

2. This is because he can make 72 changes to his shape and size， turning himself into different animals and objects.

这是因为他会根据他的形状和大小，做出72种变化，可以将自己变成不同的动物或东西。

3. Sometimes he can make the stick so small that he can keep it in his ear.

有时候，他能够让他的金箍棒变得很

小，以至于可以放在耳朵里。

4. Because they were so big that it took a long time to walk to the other side.

这些（山）太高了，他们要花好长时间才能翻越过去。

5. The story reminds us that you can never know what’s possible unless you try to make it happen.

八年级上册英语语法+短语+结构篇4

Where did you go on vacation?

话题：谈论假期活动内容，复习一般过去时。

语法：1.复习一般过去时;2.学习不定代词和不定副词的用法。

语法：

1.本单元出现的动词不规则过去式有：

isam---was是 are --were是 go---went去

buy—bought买 take ---took拿走

dodoes—did feed—fed喂

see—saw 看见 eat—ate 吃

havehas—had 有，吃 feel—felt感觉

ride—rode骑 get—got到达,得到

can—could能，会 forget—forgot忘记

drink—drank喝 find—found找到

2.不定代词和不定副词的用法：

some body

any one

every thing

no where(疑问副词)

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不定代词和不定副词

(1)左边的some、any、every、no与右边的body、one、thing构成不定代词，some、any、every、no与右边的疑问副词where构成不定副词;

(2)一般情况下以some开头的不定代词和不定副词用于肯定句，以any开头的不定代词和不定副词用于否定句、疑问句;以no开头的不定代词和不定副词表示否定含义(no one为两个单词);

(3)不定代词或不定副词和形容词连用时，形容词放在后面。

He has something important to do.他有重要的事情要做。(肯定句用something，形容词important放后)

Did you buy anything special? (一般疑问句用anything，形容词special放后)

Did you go anywhere interesting last month?上个月你去令人感兴趣的地方了吗?

(一般疑问句用不定副词anywhere，形容词interesting放后)

(4)不定代词和不定副词做主语时，后面的动词用单数形式。Everone is here today.今天每个人都在这里。

本单元的短语和知识点：

1.(P1，图片) go on vacation去度假

go to the mountains 上山/进山

2.(P1，1a) stay at home呆在家

go to the beach去海滩

visit museums 参观博物馆

go to summer camp去参观夏令营

3.(P2，2b) study for tests为考试而学习备考

go out出去

4.(P2，2d) quite a few相当多,不少(后跟可数名词复数)

He has quite a few friends.他有不少朋友。

take photos照相 most of the time大部分时间

5.(P3,语法表格3行) buy sth for sb = buy sb sth为某人买某物

My mother bought me a sweater=My mother bought a sweater for me.我妈妈给我买了一件毛衣。

6.(P3,语法表格4行) taste good. 尝起来很好

taste(尝起来)、look(看起来)、sound(听起来)为感官动词，后跟形容词

The food tastes delicious.这食品尝起来非常可口。

The T-shirt looks beautiful.这件体恤衫看起来很漂亮。

The songs sound beautiful.这些歌曲听起来很优美。

7.(P3,语法表格5行)have a goodgreatfun time过得高兴，玩得愉快(=enjoy oneself)

They had a good time yesterday.= They enjoyed themselves yesterday.他们昨天玩得很开心。

8.(P3,3a) go shopping去购物

9.(P3,3b,4行) nothing…but+动词原形：除了……之外什么都没有

He had nothing to do at home but read yesterday.昨天他在家除了读书无事可做。

10.(P3,3b,5行) seem to do sth:好像… I seem to know him.我好像认识他。

seem+(to be)+形容词：看起来…The work seems(to be)easy.这工作看起来很容易。

11.(P3,3c)keep a diary记日记

12.(P5,2b,1行) in+大地方：达到某地 (get to +地方：达到某地)

arrive at+小地方：达到某地 (get的过去式为got)

He arrived in Beijing yesterday.他昨天达到北京。

若是arrive和ge后跟home、there、here三个地点副词，后面的介词inatto必须去掉。

Tom got home yesterday evening=Tom arrived home yesterday evening.昨晚汤姆到家。

13.(P5,2b,2行)decide to do sth:决定做某事He decided to go home.他决定回家。

14.(P5,2b,3行) try doing sth.尝试做某事try to do sth.尽力去做某事

The boy tried riding bicycle.这个小孩试着骑自行车

He tried to help the old man.他尽力帮助这个老年人。

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15.(P5,2b,4行) feel like给…的感觉;感受到

16.(P5,2b,1段末行) in the past 在过去 walk around四处走走

enjoy doing sth:喜欢做某事He enjoys playing basketball.他喜欢打篮球。

17.(P5,2b,2段1行)difference(名词，差异，差别)---- different(形容词，不同的)

18.(P5,2b,2段2行)start doing sth：开始做某事 (= start to do sth)

He started doing his homework. 他开始做家庭作业。

19.(P5,2b,2段3行)over an hour一个多小时 (over超过，多余 = more than)

20.(P5,2b,2段4行) too many 太多，后接可数名词复数。

Mother bought too many eggs yesterday.昨天妈妈买了很多鸡蛋。

too much 太多，后跟不可数名词，修饰动词作状语。

We have too much work to do.我们有很多工作要做。 Don’t talk too much.不要说太多。

much too 太，后跟形容词或副词The hat is much too big for me.这帽子对我来说太大。

You’re walking much too fast.你走地太快了。

分辨三者的口诀： too much, much too, 用法区别看后头:much 后接不可数,too 后修饰形或副。too many 要记住，后面名词必复数。

21.(P5,2b,2段6行) because of 因为,后接名词、代词或动名词(即动词+ing)，不能接句子。 because因为，后跟句子。

He can’t go to school because of the rain.他因为下雨没去上学。(rain为名词)

He was late for school because of getting up late.他因为起晚而上学迟到。(get为动词)

= He was late for school because he got up late.

I don’t buy the shirt because it was too expensive.我没有买这件衬衣因为它太贵。

22.(P5,2b,2段8行)enough(足够的)与名词连用，一般放在名词前

He has enough money .他有足够的钱。(money为名词)

enough(足够的)与形容词或副词连用，enough放在后面。

He is old enough to go to school. (old为形容词)

23.(P6,2d,倒数4行) doing sth.忘记已经做过某事(已经做完)

forget to do sth.忘记去做某事(还未做)(forget的过去式为forgot)

Don’t foget to close the door.不要忘记关上门。(门还未关)

He forgot closing the door.他忘记已经关上门了。(门已经关上，但是他忘了)

24.(P6,2e,5行)another+数字+可数名词单数或复数：额外多少某物

He ate one apple,he wanted another two apples.他吃了一个苹果，还想再要两个。

25.(P8,self check,2,6行)so+形容词+that+句子：如此…以至于…

too+形容词+to do sth：太…以至于不能…

形容词+enough to do sth：足够…能够做某事(注意三个句型有时可以互换)

He is so young that he can′t go to school.他如此年轻以至于不能去上学。

= He is too young to go to school. 他太年轻以至于不能去上学。

= He isn′t old enough to go to school.

26.(P8,self check,2,7行)tell sb (not) to do sth:告诉某人(不要)做某事

人教版八年级上册英语语法练习题篇5

1. He is going to go to a cooking school. (对划线部分提问)

is he going to ?

2.My father wants to be a pilot. (写出一般疑问句)

your father to be a pilot?

3.It’s a good time to make resolutions at the beginning of the year.(写出同义句)The of the year is a good time for resolutions.

4.Will you make a model plane for her? (写出同义句)

you to make a model plane for her?

5.John enjoys swimming. Peter enjoys swimming,too.(合并句)

John Peter swimming.

二.用所给单词的适当形式填空。(10分)

1.I can’t stand (listen) to the noisy music.

2.There (be) some exciting news in today’s newspaper.

3.Would you mind (open) the window?

4.Did you watch (sport) show on TV yesterday?

5.Where do you plan (go) this Sunday?

6.Do you want (watch) the news?

7.Sally thinks soap operas are (educational) than sitcoms.

8.I hope (watch) the action movie one day.

9.Yao Ming is a (success) player in NBA.

10.I think Xi Yangyang is as (famous) as Mikey Mouse.

三.根据句意用所给单词的适当形式填空。(10分)

1.He is (funny) than the other students in his class.

2.Did you have fun (learn) something?

3.Nelly practiced (dance) a lot more than Lisa.

4.His mother often makes him (clean) his room on weekends.

5.Lisa practiced a lot more and wanted (win).

6.It’s necessary for us (learn) English well.

7.He is (different) from his brother. They have some (different).

8.I’m (good) at physics than my sister.

四.用所给单词的适当形式填空。

1. Mike goes to see his grandparents _________(one) a week.

2. He spends more than an hour __________(exercise) every day.

3. He didn’t go to school. He could ________(hard) read or write.

4. It’s a good habit to brush your (tooth) every day.

5.To keep healthy，I decide _______ (exercise) half an hour every day.

6.Look! Your pet dog is (die).

7.Exercise is (health) for the mind and the body.

8. Your sweater is beautiful. I want _________(buy) one，too.

9. How about (go) shopping on Sundays?

10. He usually study English by (read) it in the morning.

五、根据句意，用所给单词的适当形式填空。(10分)

1.We decided (go) to the beach near our hotel.

2.I really enjoy (walk) around the town.

3.We wanted (walk) up to the top.

4.My family (go) to the beach every summer.

5.Did you have a great time (talk) in groups?

6. Lucy usually ______to school early. But today she ________to school late. (go)

7. ---Where did you______ (study) last night? ---No, I__________(help)my mother_______(clean) the room.

8.Do you feel like (drink) some orange?

9.Our teacher often keeps us (read) English in the morning.

10. It’s very interesting ( feed) the pets.

11. He is ____(bad) at learning maths. He is much _____(bad) at Chinese and he is the ____ (bad) at English.

12. Annie says Sally is the ______ (kind) person in the world.

13. He is one of the_________(friendly) people in the class, I think.

14. A dictionary is much _________ (expensive) than a story-book.

61. An orange ia a little ______ (big) than an apple,but much ________ (small) than a watermelon.

八年级英语语法知识点篇6

一、母语对高中英语语法学习的影响———正迁移

迁移是指在学习新知识时, 学习者将以前掌握的知识、经验运用到新知识学习和掌握的过程中去。迁移可分为正迁移和负迁移两种。如果旧知识对新知识的学习起促进作用, 它就是正迁移;如果旧知识妨碍了新知识的获得, 它就是负迁移。在外语的学习过程中, 母语的影响是不可避免的, 母语的负面影响会对英语的学习形成干扰。但是, 这并不是说母语的影响都是负面的, 它也会对外语的学习形成正面的影响。

母语对英语学习的影响主要反映在句子的翻译上, 因此, 要做好中译英题首先要掌握好词语和一些常用句型, 在此基础上结合语法知识, 按照英语的表达习惯, 才能译出准确达意的句子。一般说来, 句子的翻译常按照下例所示的步骤进行。

众所周知, 地球是圆的。

1. 确定词汇:earth, round.

2. 确定句型:as is known to us all.

3. 考虑时态:说明一般现象, 应采用一般现在时。

4. 写出成句:As is known to us all, the earth is round.

5. 复核检查。

二、母语在英语情态动词学习中的积极作用

笔者认为, 如果教师在教学中能引导学生找出英语和汉语这两种语言的相同点, 就能促成正迁移的形成。在课堂教学中教师可以结合汉语讲解英语语法知识, 这样就能使得学生更好地理解领悟英语语法。在给学生讲解情态动词的用法及其交际功能时, 也可以借用汉语来帮助学生学习情态动词的各种用法。我们在给学生讲解情态动词完成式的用法时借用汉语就比较好理解了。例如:

I was really anxious about you.Youshouldn’t have left home without a word. (我真的很担心你。你本不应该一句话不说就离开家了。)

I have told him the news.You needn’t have told him about it. (你本不必要告诉他这个消息。我已经告诉过他了。)

It must have rained yesterday evening, for the ground is wet now. (昨天晚上一定下雨了, 因为现在地面还湿呢。)

If he had known the facts, he could/might have told us what to do. (如果他知道这个事实的话, 他就有可能告诉我们该怎样做了。)

从以上例句黑体字部分我们不难看出, 让学生直接理解其语义的话可能会有困难。如果我们借助母语的作用———正迁移, 学生就能把情态动词的完成式学得比较好。

又如, 学生在学习shall这个情态动词的语义功能时也是感到比较困难的。

shall用于陈述句中常表示说话人的意愿、意图或决心。在交际中常用于许诺、警告、威胁、强制等语境。如:

Youshall get the book as soon as I have finished it. (我一读完这本书, 你就能得到它了。) shall在此表示许诺。

He shall be punished if he makes a mistake again. (如果他再犯一个错误, 他将会受到惩罚。) shall在此表示警告。

shall用于一、三人称主语的疑问句时意在征求对方的意见或请示对方。在交际中常用于提出建议、提供帮助等语境。如:

Shall we listen to some music? (让我们听点音乐怎么样?)

Shall he come to see you? (让他来看你好吗?)

通过这种母语的正迁移和一些简单的练习, 学生就能轻而易举地掌握shall的语用功能。

综上所述, 母语在英语语法学习中起着重要作用。教师在教授英语语法知识时适当借助母语, 充分发挥其正迁移的作用, 就可以提高课堂教学效率, 使学生对英语语法产生浓厚的兴趣, 培养和提高学生认知能力和运用语言的能力。特别是对于语法中的一些难点, 利用好母语的积极作用, 对于学好英语语法知识, 会起到事半功倍的效果。

参考文献

[1]章振邦, 张月祥.新编英语语法概要 (第二版) [M].上海:上海外语教育出版社, 1997.

八年级英语语法知识点篇7

1. as big as 与……一样大

3. one of the oldest countries最古老的国家之一

5. feel free to do sth. 随意地做某事

7. as far as I know 据我所知

9. any other mountain 其他任何一座山

11. of all the salt lakes 在所有的咸水湖中

13. run along 延伸；贯穿

15. freezing weather conditions严寒的天气状况

17. fall over 摔倒

19. walk into sb. 撞到某人

21. every two years 每两年；每隔一年

2. take in air 呼吸空气

4. in the face of difficulties 面临危险

6. give up doing sth. 放弃做某事

8. achieve ones dream 实现某人的梦想 10. the force of nature 自然界的力量

12. even though 虽然；尽管

14. at birth 在出生的时候

16. be awake 醒着

18. run over with excitement 兴奋地跑过去

20. endangered animals 濒危动物

22. be in danger 处于危险之中

【重难点句子】

1. It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top.

当你接近山顶时，连呼吸都会困难。

2. One of the main reasons is because people

want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties.

其中一个主要的原因是人们想要在面临困难时挑战自己。

3. The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams.

这些登山者的精神向我们证明：为了实现我们的梦想，我们永远都不应该放弃尝试。

4. Adult pandas spend more than 12 hours a day eating about 10 kilos of bamboo.

六年级关于英语语法知识点篇8

A、规则动词

① 一般直接在动词的后面加ed：如 worked , learned , cleaned , visited

② 以e结尾的动词直接加d：如 lived , danced , used

③ 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed(此类动词较少)如 study – studied carry – carried worry – worried (注意play、stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于此类)

④ 双写最后一个字母(此类动词较少)如 stopped

B、不规则动词(此类词并无规则，须熟记)小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式：

sing – sang , eat – ate , see – saw , have – had , do – did , go – went , take – took , buy – bought , get – got , read – read ,fly – flew , am/is – was , are – were , say – said , leave – left , swim – swam , tell – told , draw – drew , come – came , lose – lost , find – found , drink – drank , hurt – hurt , feel – felt

四：动词现在分词详解动词的ing形式的构成规则：

① 一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating

② 以e 结尾的动词，要先去e再加ing ，如having , writing

六年级英语语法知识点讲解篇9

be 是--was, were--being

begin 开始--began--beginning

build 建筑--built--building

buy 买--bought--buying

can 能--could--无

come 来--came--coming

copy 拷贝--copied--copying

do 做--did--doing

draw 画--drew--drawing

drink 喝--drank--drinking

drive 驾车--drove--driving

eat 吃--ate--eating

feel 感觉--felt--feeling

find 找寻--found--finding

fly飞--flew--flying

forget 忘记--forgot--forgetting

get 得到--got--getting

give 给予--gave--giving

go 去--went--going

grow 成长--grew--growing

have 有--had--having

hear 听--heard--hearing

keep 保持--kept--keeping

know 知道--knew--knowing

learn学习-learnt, learned--learning

let 让--let--letting

make 做--made--making

may 可以--might--无

mean 意思--meant-meaning

meet 见面--met--meeting

must 必须--must--无

put 放--put--putting

read 读--read--reading

ride 骑--rode--riding

ring 响--rang--ringing

run 跑--ran--running

say 说--said--saying

see 看见--saw--seeing

sing 唱歌--sang--singing

sit 坐--sat--sitting

sleep 睡觉--slept--sleeping

speak 讲话--spoke--speaking

spend 花钱--spent--spending

stand 站立--stood--standing

sweep 打扫--swept--sweeping

swim 游泳--swam--swimming

take 拿到--took--taking

teach 教--taught--teaching

tell 讲述--told--telling

think 思考--thought--thinking

will 意愿--would--无

八年级(下)语法要点与中考链接篇10

◆can

a. 表示能力,有“能,会,能够”之意。

b. 表示推测,常用于否定句和疑问句。

c. 表示请求或允许,此时可与may互换,在疑问句中还可用could。

【中考链接】

1. ——____ you swim?

——Yes, but I’m not a good swimmer. (09北京)

A. CanB. MayC. NeedD. Must

2. ——Can you play the piano?

——Yes, I ____. I often practice it on weekends. (09重庆)

A. needn’tB. needC. can’tD. can

3. ——Who’s the man over there? Is it Mr. Black?

——It ____ be him. He’s much taller. (09安徽)

A. can’tB. mustn’tC. shouldD. may

4. ——Who’s that girl swimming in the pool? Is it Lucy?

——It ____ be Lucy. She is sleeping in her bedroom now. (09济南)

A. mayB. can’tC. mustD. should

【答案与简析】例1,2考查情态动词can表能力,答案分别为A、D。例3,4考查情态动词can表推测,答案分别为A、B。

◆must

a. must意为“必须,应该”,其否定形式是mustn’t或must not,表示“禁止,不允许”。由must开头的一般疑问句的否定回答通常用needn’t或 don’t have to。

b. must还可表示肯定推测,意为“一定是,准是”,比may表示的肯定语气强。

【拓展】must强调说话人的主观看法,have to则强调客观需要;must一般用于现在时,而have to能用于多种时态(如现在时、过去时、将来时等)。

【中考链接】

5. ——Shall we go skateboarding after school?

——Sorry, my parents said that I ____ be at home early. (09山西)

A. needB. mustC. may

6. ——Must I wash my hands before meals, Mum?

——Yes, you ____. (09常德)

A. mustB. canC. need

7. ——Mr Wang, must I come again on Sunday morning to clean the windows?

——No, you ____. I have asked others to do it. (09广东)

A. don’t have toB. mustn’tC. can’tD. shouldn’t

8. ——Must I get up before six o’clock tomorrow morning, Dad?

——No, you ____. Tomorrow is Saturday. You may get up later. (09襄樊)

A. mustn’tB. can’tC. needn’tD. may not

9. ——Susan has bought a large house with a swimming pool.

——It ____ be very expensive. I never even dream about it. (09江西)

A. mustB. mightC. can’tD. shouldn’t

10. ——Would you like to go shopping with me now?

——I’m afraid I can’t. I ____ wash my clothes. (09仙桃)

A. canB. mayC. wouldD. have to

【答案与简析】例5选B,例6选A,考查must表“必须”及其答语,强调说话人的主观看法。例7选A,例8选C,考查must开头的一般疑问句的否定回答。例9选A,考查must表肯定推测。例10选D,考查have to表客观上必须。

二、考查过去进行时

a. 表示过去某一时刻或某一时间段内正在进行的动作。

b. 过去进行时常与 at this time, this time yesterday, at six yesterday, when+从句等时间状语连用。

【中考链接】

1. ——Were you at home at 7 o’clock last night?

——Yes, I ____ a shower at that time. (09宁波)

A. tookB. was takingC. was takenD. am taking

2. ——Did you go to the flower show in the City Square?

——No. I ____ how to make food then. (09绍兴)

A. learnB. learnedC. was learningD. am learning

3. Jimmy ____ TV when his mother got home. (09湖州)

A. will watchB. watchesC. is watchingD. was watching

【答案与简析】例1选B,由时间状语at that time可知谓语应为过去进行时。例2选C,由语境可知空格表示过去正在进行的动作,故应填过去进行时。例3选D,由when引导的时间状语从句可知主句应为过去进行时。

三、考查条件状语从句

a. 条件状语从句引导词的选用。

b. 条件状语从句主从句时态的对应。与时间状语从句一样,在条件状语从句中,若主句中的谓语动词是一般将来时,则从句中的谓语动词通常用一般现在时表示将来。

【中考链接】

1. You’d better look up the new word in a dictionary ____ you don’t know it. (09兰州)

A. ifB. thatC. thoughD. whether

2. If it ____ tomorrow, we will stay at home. We won’t go to the museum. (09广东)

A. rainB. rainsC. will rainD. rained

3. If I find his phone number, I ____ you. (09北京)

A. tellB. toldC. will tellD. have told

【答案与解析】例1选A,根据句意可知应用if表示“如果,假如”。例2选B,考查条件状语从句用一般现在时表将来。例3选C,由条件状语从句一般现在时可推知主句应用一般将来时。

四、考查宾语从句的语序和时态

a. 在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中,无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句,宾语从句一律用陈述句语序。其标点符号由主句来决定。

b. 如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时,宾语从句可用所需要的任何时态。

c. 如果主句的谓语动词是过去时态,宾语从句必须使用过去相应的某一种时态。

d. 如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等,不管主句是用什么时态,从句时态习惯上都用一般现在时。

【中考链接】

1. Can you tell me ____?(09南充)

A. where does he come from B. how much is it

C. what it is used for

2. “Do you know ____ have our summer holiday?” “Next week.” (09贵阳)

A. when will weB. when are weC. when we will

3. How lovely the dog is! Can you tell me ____? (09山西)

A. where did you get itB. where will you get it

C. where you got it

4. I really want to know ____.(09兰州)

A. what is wrong with my brotherB. how will he go to Beijing tomorrow

C. if had he bought that carD. where did he go yesterday

5. ——Can you tell me ____?

——She is in the computer lab. (09北京)

A. where Linda wasB. where is Linda

C. where was LindaD. where Linda is

6. ——Could you tell me ____? I must find him.

——Sorry. I don’t know. But he was here just now. (09孝感)

A. where Tom wasB. where has Tom goneC. where Tom isD. where can I find Tom

7. ——Sorry, what did you say just now?

——I asked ____.(09山东)

A. when did he leaveB. where you have been

C. whom will you go withD. how I could get to the station

8. The new-designed car is on show now. I wonder ____. (09河北)

A. how much it costB. how much did it cost

C. how much it costsD. how much does it cost

【答案与简析】由宾语从句用陈述句语序可知以上1-4题答案依次为CCCA。第5题选D。由语序可排除B和C,再根据She is in the computer lab.可知宾语从句用一般现在时。第6题选C。由语序可排除B和D,由题意可知宾语从句用一般现在时表示说话时存在的状态。第7题先排除疑问句语序的A和C,再根据主句时态可知宾语从句应为一般过去时,故答案为D。第8题从The new-designed car is on show now.可知宾语从句用一般现在时,故选C。

五、考查动词不定式的用法

a. 不定式作主语常置于句末,用it作形式主语放在句首。

b. 动词不定式作宾语补足语时,有时带to,有时不带to。常接带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词有ask, tell, allow, want, wish等;而在某些使役动词(如make, have, let等)和感官动词(如hear, see, watch, notice, listen to等)后作宾语补足语的不定式通常不带to。

c. forget/remember/regret后接不定式表示动作未做,接动名词表示动作发生了;stop to do sth.意思是“停下来去做(另一件事)”;stop doing sth.意思是“停止做某事”。

【中考链接】

1. It’s a good habit ____ a walk after dinner. (09济南)

A. to comeB. to beC. to takeD. to go

2. The teacher asked Ben ____ a difficult question in class. (09北京)

A. answerB. answeringC. to answerD. answered

3. Doctors tell people ____ their hands often and to stay home if they feel ill. (09临沂)

A. to washB. washesC. washD. washing

4. ——How did your parents like your idea?

——They always let me ____ what I think is right. (09南充)

A. to doB. doC. doing

5. ——Is Jack in the library?

——Maybe. I saw him ____ out with some books just now. (09绍兴)

A. goingB. go C. to goD. went

6. ——Don’t forget ____ my parents when you are in Beijing.

——OK! I won’t. (09长沙)

A. to seeB. seesC. seeing

7. Mr Green asked us to stop ____. So we stopped ____ to him at once. (09南充)

A. talking; listeningB. to talk; listening C. talking; to listen

【答案与简析】例1选C,考查动词不定式作真正主语,形式主语为it。例2选C,例3选A,分别考查ask sb. to do sth.和tell sb. to do sth.。例4选B,考查使役动词let后接不带to的动词不定式作宾补。例5选B,考查感官动词see后接不定式与v-ing形式的区别,由just now可知动作已经完成。例6选A,表示“你到了北京不要忘了看望我的父母”。例7选C,考查stop to do sth.与stop doing sth.的区别。

六、考查反义疑问句用法

a. 如果陈述句是肯定式,附加问句就用否定式;如果陈述句是否定式,附加问句就用肯定式。

b. 如果陈述句中有hardly, nothing, never, little, few, nobody, neither等表示否定意义的词时,附加问句要用肯定形式。

c. 祈使句的附加问句一般是在句尾加“will you/won’t you?”,但是以let’s开头的祈使句的附加问句要用“shall we?”。

【中考链接】

1. Liu Qian has made “magic” a hot word, ____ he? (09临沂)

A. doesn’tB. didn’tC. hasn’tD. isn’t

2. Our hometown is more beautiful than before, ____? (09济南)

A. isn’t itB. is itC. doesn’t itD. does it

3. There are two libraries in this city, ____? (09南充)

A. aren’t thereB. aren’t theyC. are two

4. Mr. Wang hardly spoke a word at the meeting yesterday. (改为反意疑问句)