八年级英语语法

2024-12-01

八年级英语语法（通用8篇）

八年级英语语法篇1

不定代词和不定副词的`用法：

(1)左边的some、any、every、no与右边的body、one、thing构成不定代词，some、any、every、no与右边的疑问副词where构成不定副词;

(2)一般情况下以some开头的不定代词和不定副词用于肯定句，以any开头的不定代词和不定副词用于否定句、疑问句;以no开头的不定代词和不定副词表示否定含义(no one为两个单词);

(3)不定代词或不定副词和形容词连用时，形容词放在后面。

He has something important to do.他有重要的事情要做。(肯定句用something，形容词important放后)

Did you buy anything special? (一般疑问句用anything，形容词special放后)

Did you go anywhere interesting last month?上个月你去令人感兴趣的地方了吗?

(一般疑问句用不定副词anywhere，形容词interesting放后)

(4)不定代词和不定副词做主语时，后面的动词用单数形式。Everone is here today.今天每个人都在这里。

八年级英语语法篇2

本单元是人教版《义务教育课程标准实验教科书英语 (新目标) 》八年级下册Unit 4 He said I was hard-working。本单元谈论的主题 (Topic) 是通过“讲故事 (Telling a story) ”来转述别人说话的内容;其功能 (Functions) 是“Report what someone said”;目标语言 (Target language) 是要求学生学会将直接引语转换为间接引语 (注意时态、人称和所有格等的变化) ;其主要学习方法是Listening for key words和Selfevaluating。在本单元教学结束时我们所要达到的教学目标是让学生学会将直接引语转换为间接引语, 把握一般现在时态与一般过去时态、现在时态与过去时态之间的转换。

Section A第一部分围绕Soap opera这一话题展开讨论, (la) 听力 (1b) 会话 (1c) 训练, 让学生通过肥皂剧认识本单元的目标语言, 即Reported what someone said的句型;第二部分继续围绕Soap opera的话题展开听力, (2a—2b) 会话 (2c) 训练, 帮助学生进一步掌握Direct speech和Reported speech的用法;第三部分继续围绕本单元的功能句型Reported speech开展各种课堂活动。本节课我提炼本单元的重点语法——陈述句的间接引语, 进行专门的训练。

二、教学设计与指导思想

这是一节语法课, 本课设计采用任务型语法教学方式, 将语法知识学习和交际表达训练有机结合在“以学生为中心”的课堂活动之中。让学生在相互交流沟通中培养语言表达能力和实现情感交流。

依据新课程的理念, 语法知识的教和学应立足于语言实践活动。这是基础教育英语课程教学的根本原则, 即实践第一性原则。在教学设计方面, 我遵循“先语言, 后语法”的原则, 有意识地提前做好铺垫, 整体把握语法学习目标。建立在可理解性原则之上的预先的铺垫, 将给学生提供感受新的语法结构的机会, 为他们后面学习此语法规则提供了经验, 做好了准备。

我还设计了许多有针对性的实际操练, 语法概念的掌握和学习、巩固也必须通过多种具有针对性的实际操练。这一节课我设计了集体转述、个体回答、男女生竞赛等活动, 对间接引语中时态、人称、所有格等的变化进行反复操练。然后, 在听或读的语篇中导入语法, 在准确表达意义的基础上学习和掌握语言规律体系。因为, 只有在完整的语篇中呈现语法结构并引导学生注意、发现并根据上下文理解或领悟目标语法结构的表意功能, 才能有效地帮助学生学习语法。例如本节课中, 我用生动有趣的故事来让学生感受。最后, 创设情境活动实现语言的运用, 使语言规则体系的掌握真正落到实处。这既是掌握语法规则的必要的实践活动, 更是本单元学习语法的最终目的。

本节课的教学目标是用Reported speech来描述别人说过的话, 在描述的时候, 要注意人称、时态、所有格和部分时间状语的变化, 这是本节课的重点, 也是难点。

三、教学过程

(1) 课前热身, 赋予情趣。一学生萨克斯独奏《光阴的故事》《我相信》。

(2) 根据情境, 导入新课。问刚才演奏的同学:What do you want to be in the future?S:I want to be a singer.T:He says he wants to be a singer.展开操练。 (设计意图:将语法知识学习和交际表达训练有机结合, “先语言, 后语法”, 让学生在语言交际中体会语法功能。并引起兴趣、宣告主题和推进课程)

(3) 根据课件, 看图说话。并出示直接引语和间接引语变化规则, 让学生进一步了解间接引语的变化规则。

(4) 扩展思维, 活学活用 (教师提供部分明星介绍, 让学生转述) 。

Zhang Shaohan said

Age:26

Can:sing and dance

In the future:make a movie

(设计意图:通过完成老师分配的任务, 让学生在互相沟通中培养语言表达能力和实现情感交流)

(5) 组织男女竞赛, 看谁眼尖、脑快, 激发学生学习热情。

(6) 小组实践, 同伴练习。教师出示一篇运用直接引语的文章, 小组用英语转述。

四、教学后记

八年级(下)语法要点与中考链接篇3

◆can

a. 表示能力,有“能,会,能够”之意。

b. 表示推测,常用于否定句和疑问句。

c. 表示请求或允许,此时可与may互换,在疑问句中还可用could。

【中考链接】

1. ——____ you swim?

——Yes, but I’m not a good swimmer. (09北京)

A. CanB. MayC. NeedD. Must

2. ——Can you play the piano?

——Yes, I ____. I often practice it on weekends. (09重庆)

A. needn’tB. needC. can’tD. can

3. ——Who’s the man over there? Is it Mr. Black?

——It ____ be him. He’s much taller. (09安徽)

A. can’tB. mustn’tC. shouldD. may

4. ——Who’s that girl swimming in the pool? Is it Lucy?

——It ____ be Lucy. She is sleeping in her bedroom now. (09济南)

A. mayB. can’tC. mustD. should

【答案与简析】例1,2考查情态动词can表能力,答案分别为A、D。例3,4考查情态动词can表推测,答案分别为A、B。

◆must

a. must意为“必须,应该”,其否定形式是mustn’t或must not,表示“禁止,不允许”。由must开头的一般疑问句的否定回答通常用needn’t或 don’t have to。

b. must还可表示肯定推测,意为“一定是,准是”,比may表示的肯定语气强。

【拓展】must强调说话人的主观看法,have to则强调客观需要;must一般用于现在时,而have to能用于多种时态(如现在时、过去时、将来时等)。

【中考链接】

5. ——Shall we go skateboarding after school?

——Sorry, my parents said that I ____ be at home early. (09山西)

A. needB. mustC. may

6. ——Must I wash my hands before meals, Mum?

——Yes, you ____. (09常德)

A. mustB. canC. need

7. ——Mr Wang, must I come again on Sunday morning to clean the windows?

——No, you ____. I have asked others to do it. (09广东)

A. don’t have toB. mustn’tC. can’tD. shouldn’t

8. ——Must I get up before six o’clock tomorrow morning, Dad?

——No, you ____. Tomorrow is Saturday. You may get up later. (09襄樊)

A. mustn’tB. can’tC. needn’tD. may not

9. ——Susan has bought a large house with a swimming pool.

——It ____ be very expensive. I never even dream about it. (09江西)

A. mustB. mightC. can’tD. shouldn’t

10. ——Would you like to go shopping with me now?

——I’m afraid I can’t. I ____ wash my clothes. (09仙桃)

A. canB. mayC. wouldD. have to

【答案与简析】例5选B,例6选A,考查must表“必须”及其答语,强调说话人的主观看法。例7选A,例8选C,考查must开头的一般疑问句的否定回答。例9选A,考查must表肯定推测。例10选D,考查have to表客观上必须。

二、考查过去进行时

a. 表示过去某一时刻或某一时间段内正在进行的动作。

b. 过去进行时常与 at this time, this time yesterday, at six yesterday, when+从句等时间状语连用。

【中考链接】

1. ——Were you at home at 7 o’clock last night?

——Yes, I ____ a shower at that time. (09宁波)

A. tookB. was takingC. was takenD. am taking

2. ——Did you go to the flower show in the City Square?

——No. I ____ how to make food then. (09绍兴)

A. learnB. learnedC. was learningD. am learning

3. Jimmy ____ TV when his mother got home. (09湖州)

A. will watchB. watchesC. is watchingD. was watching

【答案与简析】例1选B,由时间状语at that time可知谓语应为过去进行时。例2选C,由语境可知空格表示过去正在进行的动作,故应填过去进行时。例3选D,由when引导的时间状语从句可知主句应为过去进行时。

三、考查条件状语从句

a. 条件状语从句引导词的选用。

b. 条件状语从句主从句时态的对应。与时间状语从句一样,在条件状语从句中,若主句中的谓语动词是一般将来时,则从句中的谓语动词通常用一般现在时表示将来。

【中考链接】

1. You’d better look up the new word in a dictionary ____ you don’t know it. (09兰州)

A. ifB. thatC. thoughD. whether

2. If it ____ tomorrow, we will stay at home. We won’t go to the museum. (09广东)

A. rainB. rainsC. will rainD. rained

3. If I find his phone number, I ____ you. (09北京)

A. tellB. toldC. will tellD. have told

【答案与解析】例1选A,根据句意可知应用if表示“如果,假如”。例2选B,考查条件状语从句用一般现在时表将来。例3选C,由条件状语从句一般现在时可推知主句应用一般将来时。

四、考查宾语从句的语序和时态

a. 在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中,无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句,宾语从句一律用陈述句语序。其标点符号由主句来决定。

b. 如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时,宾语从句可用所需要的任何时态。

c. 如果主句的谓语动词是过去时态,宾语从句必须使用过去相应的某一种时态。

d. 如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等,不管主句是用什么时态,从句时态习惯上都用一般现在时。

【中考链接】

1. Can you tell me ____?(09南充)

A. where does he come from B. how much is it

C. what it is used for

2. “Do you know ____ have our summer holiday?” “Next week.” (09贵阳)

A. when will weB. when are weC. when we will

3. How lovely the dog is! Can you tell me ____? (09山西)

A. where did you get itB. where will you get it

C. where you got it

4. I really want to know ____.(09兰州)

A. what is wrong with my brotherB. how will he go to Beijing tomorrow

C. if had he bought that carD. where did he go yesterday

5. ——Can you tell me ____?

——She is in the computer lab. (09北京)

A. where Linda wasB. where is Linda

C. where was LindaD. where Linda is

6. ——Could you tell me ____? I must find him.

——Sorry. I don’t know. But he was here just now. (09孝感)

A. where Tom wasB. where has Tom goneC. where Tom isD. where can I find Tom

7. ——Sorry, what did you say just now?

——I asked ____.(09山东)

A. when did he leaveB. where you have been

C. whom will you go withD. how I could get to the station

8. The new-designed car is on show now. I wonder ____. (09河北)

A. how much it costB. how much did it cost

C. how much it costsD. how much does it cost

【答案与简析】由宾语从句用陈述句语序可知以上1-4题答案依次为CCCA。第5题选D。由语序可排除B和C,再根据She is in the computer lab.可知宾语从句用一般现在时。第6题选C。由语序可排除B和D,由题意可知宾语从句用一般现在时表示说话时存在的状态。第7题先排除疑问句语序的A和C,再根据主句时态可知宾语从句应为一般过去时,故答案为D。第8题从The new-designed car is on show now.可知宾语从句用一般现在时,故选C。

五、考查动词不定式的用法

a. 不定式作主语常置于句末,用it作形式主语放在句首。

b. 动词不定式作宾语补足语时,有时带to,有时不带to。常接带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词有ask, tell, allow, want, wish等;而在某些使役动词(如make, have, let等)和感官动词(如hear, see, watch, notice, listen to等)后作宾语补足语的不定式通常不带to。

c. forget/remember/regret后接不定式表示动作未做,接动名词表示动作发生了;stop to do sth.意思是“停下来去做(另一件事)”;stop doing sth.意思是“停止做某事”。

【中考链接】

1. It’s a good habit ____ a walk after dinner. (09济南)

A. to comeB. to beC. to takeD. to go

2. The teacher asked Ben ____ a difficult question in class. (09北京)

A. answerB. answeringC. to answerD. answered

3. Doctors tell people ____ their hands often and to stay home if they feel ill. (09临沂)

A. to washB. washesC. washD. washing

4. ——How did your parents like your idea?

——They always let me ____ what I think is right. (09南充)

A. to doB. doC. doing

5. ——Is Jack in the library?

——Maybe. I saw him ____ out with some books just now. (09绍兴)

A. goingB. go C. to goD. went

6. ——Don’t forget ____ my parents when you are in Beijing.

——OK! I won’t. (09长沙)

A. to seeB. seesC. seeing

7. Mr Green asked us to stop ____. So we stopped ____ to him at once. (09南充)

A. talking; listeningB. to talk; listening C. talking; to listen

【答案与简析】例1选C,考查动词不定式作真正主语,形式主语为it。例2选C,例3选A,分别考查ask sb. to do sth.和tell sb. to do sth.。例4选B,考查使役动词let后接不带to的动词不定式作宾补。例5选B,考查感官动词see后接不定式与v-ing形式的区别,由just now可知动作已经完成。例6选A,表示“你到了北京不要忘了看望我的父母”。例7选C,考查stop to do sth.与stop doing sth.的区别。

六、考查反义疑问句用法

a. 如果陈述句是肯定式,附加问句就用否定式;如果陈述句是否定式,附加问句就用肯定式。

b. 如果陈述句中有hardly, nothing, never, little, few, nobody, neither等表示否定意义的词时,附加问句要用肯定形式。

c. 祈使句的附加问句一般是在句尾加“will you/won’t you?”,但是以let’s开头的祈使句的附加问句要用“shall we?”。

【中考链接】

1. Liu Qian has made “magic” a hot word, ____ he? (09临沂)

A. doesn’tB. didn’tC. hasn’tD. isn’t

2. Our hometown is more beautiful than before, ____? (09济南)

A. isn’t itB. is itC. doesn’t itD. does it

3. There are two libraries in this city, ____? (09南充)

A. aren’t thereB. aren’t theyC. are two

4. Mr. Wang hardly spoke a word at the meeting yesterday. (改为反意疑问句)

Mr. Wang hardly spoke a word at the meeting yesterday, ____ ____? (09兰州)

5. John, clean your room, ____? (09芜湖)

A. will youB. shall weC. don’t youD. doesn’t he

八年级英语语法篇4

一、只能修饰可数名词的词语有: many, many a(n, a good / great many, a(great / large number of, scores of, dozens of等。例如: Scores of people went there in the first few days after its opening.开张后的头几天,很多人去了那儿。I have been there dozens of times.我已去过那儿很多次了。

There’re a number of students reading English in the classroom.教室里有许多学生在读英语。

Many a student has(=many students havevisited the Great Wall.(谓语动词用单数很多学生都游览过长城。

In winter, a good many animals sleep under the snow.冬天很多动物在雪下冬眠。

注意: many所修饰的复数名词前若有限定词,many 后面要接of, 表示―……中的很多‖。例如: A great many(of the graduates have found jobs.毕业生中很多人已经找到了工作。

二、只能修饰不可数名词的词语有:

much, a great deal of, a great / large amount of等。例如: Is there much water in the bucket? 桶里有很多水吗? He always has a great amount of work to do.他总是有很多工作要做。

三、既能修饰可数名词又能修饰不可数名词的词语有: a lot of, lots of, plenty of(以上三个词语后谓语动词的数依of 后的名词的单复数而定,a great / large quantity of(其后谓语用单数,quantities of(其后谓语用复数。例如: There is still lots of snow in the garden.花园里还有许多雪。There is plenty of rain here.这儿的雨水很多。

A great quantity of flowers was placed in the hall.大厅里放了很多鲜花。

There are large quantities of food in the cupboard.橱柜里有许多食物。

在所有这些表示―很多‖的词语中many, much 是最常用的词,它们既可以用于肯定句,也可以用于疑问句和否定句。例如: Are there many people in the street?

街上有很多人吗? There isn’t much time left.剩下的时间不多了。

其它的词语都用于肯定句,日常会话中常用lots of, a lot of 或plenty of;正式文体中常用a great many, a(large number of, a great deal of, scores of 或dozens of 等。但若肯定句中有too, so, as, very或how 等词修饰时,则必须使用many, much。例如: The number of the people who lost their homes reached as many as 250,000.无家可归的人数多达250,000人。There is too much work to do.要做的工作太多了。

或者是这样的,你自己看下,哪Unit 1 How often do you exercise? Grammar: 特殊疑问句:wh-questions: what, who, where, when, which, whose, why, whom等。

特殊疑问句的构成及用法: 结构:特殊疑问词+ 一般疑问句,即:特殊疑问词+be/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语/表语(+其他

疑问代词: 1 Who:谁。做主语,用来指人Who is the boy under the tree? 2Whom 谁,做宾语,用来指人Whom are you writing to? 3 Whose 谁的,用来指所属关系,如果做定语,一般后接名词Whose pen is this? Which 哪个,哪些,用来指对人或物在一定范围之内进行选择Which grils wil l in the sports meeting? Which pen is Lily’s?

5What什么,通常指物,也可指人,一般用在没有指出范围的情况下What can you see in the picture? What are you doing now? 疑问副词: When:何时,询问时间When will she come back? Where何地,询问地点,Where do you come from? Why为什么,询问原因,Why are you late for school? How 如何,询问手段、方式、工具以及程度等How do you usually go to school? How old多大,询问年龄,How old is Jim’s little brother?

How many/much多少,询问数量How many birds are there in the tree? How far多远,询问距离,How far is it form your home to school? How long多长,多久,询问时间的长度或距离How long will you stay in Beijing? How often多长时间按一次,询问频率How often do you go to see your grandparents? How soon多久,询问时间How soon will you come back? 频率副词:表示动作发生的频率,never, sometimes, often, usually, always.Unit 2 What’s the matter with you? Grammar: 1.用have 来描述身体不适have/have got a +疾病名字;得了……病

2.情态动词should,情态动词should,can, may, must没有人称和时态的变化,后接动词原形

Unit 3 What are you doing for vacation? Grammar:现在进行时表将来一般将来时

表示将要做某事或计划打算做某事要用到句型―be+doing‖其中be是助动词,它有人称和单复数的变化。Be: am, is, are.be + v.ing是现在进行时的形式,但用于表示将来。用进行时表将来,常用于表示即将来临的未来预定要做的事情,一般指个人计划要做的事。用于此情况的动词一般是表示位置转移的动词,如,go, come, leave, start, arrive, move等。

一.肯定句中,结构为―be+doing.‖ I am going shopping this afternoon.二.否定句是在be之后加not.I’m not going to shopping this afternoon.三.一般疑问句是将be置于句首Are you going shopping this afternoon?—Yes, I am/ we are.No, I’m not./ We aren’t.四.特殊疑问句―疑问词+一般疑问句语序。‖

What are you doing for vacation? When is he going camping? Who are you going there with? Where is she going? Unit 4 How do you get to school? Grammar: How引导的特殊疑问句:是指以How, how far, how long, how old,how many, how much等词开头的疑问句。

How does he get to shool?----He takes the train to get to shool.How long does it take to walk?----It takes about 35 minutes to walk.How far is it from your home to school? It’s four miles f rom my home to school.How old is he now? She is twelve years old now.How many storybooks do you have? I have five storybooks.How much is this coat? This coat is 200 yuan.特殊疑问句的简略结构:how about…?+ 名词或动词-ing形式,用于提出建议、请求或征求意见、询问消息等。如:How about playing tennis? Unit 5 Can you come to my party? Grammar:情态动词can及邀请句式及其问答情态动词can的用法: Can 是最长用的情态动词,其后跟动词原形,can的否定形式为cannot,can’t.can表―能力‖,意思是:能,会I can paly basketball,but I can’t swim.can表示能力时可和be able to 互换,be able to有更多的时态,常被用来表示can所不能表示的将来或完成的概念。E.g.They will be able to run this machine on their own in three months.表示―可能性‖,意思是:可以,可能。That big cinema can seat 5,000 people.表示允许,意思是可以能够You can have the book when I have finished it.表示―惊讶、不相信等(用于疑问句、否定句或感叹句中‖。意思是―会、可能。‖

This can’t be true.Can it be true? 如何发出、接受和谢绝别人的邀请

表达邀请的常用句型: Can you come to…? Could you come to…? Would you like to come to…? Do you want to come to…? 接受邀请的常用句型: Sure.Certainly.OK.I’d love to.谢绝邀请的常用句型: I’m sorry, I can’t.I have to… I’m afraid I can’t.I have to… I don’t think I can.I have to…

Unit 6 I’m more outgoing than my sister.Grammar:形容词的比较级规则变化、不规则变化(课本P93 than 是比较级中最常见的标志词,意思是―比‖。用于引出比较的对象。1.He draws better than me.2.You’re older than I am.You are older than me.形容词比较级前,有时可以用much,far, a little,a bit, even, three times等词来修饰。Much 和far表示―……得多‖,much better好得多,a little, a bit表示稍微,一些,一点。a little shorter, 稍微矮点;even表示―甚至,更加,还要……‖even bigger还要大些, three times表示―…三倍‖,如three times bigger than 比……大三倍

Very绝不可以用来修饰比较级,very,so,too, quite 修饰原级Unit 7 How do you make banana milk shake? Grammar: 可数名词与不可数名词一.可数名词

英语中的物质名词大体上可分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词指物体的数量可数。其单数形式可在名词前加a或an,表示一个,如a pear.其负数形式要在词尾加-s,或-es(特殊情况除外,如two bananas, three tomatoes.Many many apples a few students few bags 二.不可数名词

1.不可数名词指物体的数量不可数。不可数名词没有单复数之分,也不能在词前直接加冠词a 或an.表示不可数名词的数量时可在不可数名词前加相应的由量词构成的短语。如a bag of…

2.常见的量词短语有: a piece of… a cup of… a teaspoon of… a bottle of…

3.不可数名词还可以用下面的词表示数量:much much rain a little little 4.既可以修饰不可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词的词有: Lots of= a lot of许多,大量some一些(用于肯定句any 一些(用于否定句和一般疑问句 Unit 8 How was your school trip? Grammar:

一般过去时:指在过去某一时间内发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去意义的时间状语连用。如:yesterday, last year(week,month…,two years ago, in2006等。有时也可用when,after,before, as soon as引导的时间状语从句。该时态在

句中的体现是谓语动词用过去式。谓语be动词→was/were 否定:wasn’t /weren’t Be动词句型

一般疑问句:was/were +主语… 特殊疑问句:疑问词+was/were+主语

陈述句:主语+was/were+…(肯定句否定句:主语 +wasn’t/weren’t+…

行为动词句型(当句中的动词为行为动词时,要借助动词did构成一般疑问句和否定句

肯定式:主语+动词过去式否定式:主语+didn’t+动词原形一般疑问句:Did +主语+动词原形特殊疑问句:Did+主语+动词原形 Unit 9 When was he born? Grammar: 一般过去时的特殊疑问句

一般过去时的特殊疑问句的变法同一般现在时一样,不同之处在于须将be动词或助动词改为过去时态,即―特殊疑问词+were或was(第三人称单数+主语+(表语+其他成分‖或―特殊疑问词+助动词did+主语+实义动词+其他成分。‖

以when引导的特殊疑问句,对某人的出生年月进行提问,句型是: When was/were…born? … was/were born in +时间

When was David beckham born? 大卫.贝克汉姆是什么时候出生的？He was born in 1975.二．以 how long 引导的特殊疑问句，对表示某一短时间的状语进行提问。句型是： How long did + 主语+动词？ How long did Charles Smith hiccup? He hiccupped for 69 years and 5 months.三．When did he start hiccupping? 他什么时候开始打嗝？ When +did+主语+动词？ Unit 10 I’m going to be a basketball player.Grammar:一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作，常与表示将来的时间状语连用。1.be going to + 动词原形 Sunday? 2.will/shall + 3.be +v.ing 动词原形 I will go to my hometown next week.What are you going to do next The Greens are moving to another city the day after tomorrow.4.be +动词不定式 You are to be back by 10 o’clock.5.be + about + 动词不定式 The meeting is about to begin.Unit 11 Could you please clean your room? Grammar:情态动词 11 情态动词，表示说话者对某一动作的看法和态度，包括可能、怀疑、允许、愿望、必要、猜测等。Can(能、会,may(可以,must(必须、一定等。情态动词的特点：(1情态动词有一定词义，但不能单独作谓语，必须和另一个动词原形一起构成谓语，且没有人称和数的变化。1.I can speak English.2.She must be a teacher.3.We may go home now.(2变否定句时，直接在情态动词后面加 not,无需加助动词。He can’t play the guitar well.He can’t answer the question.You mustn’t be late.(3含有情态动词的句子变一般疑问句时，须将情态动词提前。Can you help me? Must I go there at once?(4can 可表示能力、允许、可能性、怀疑猜测，意为“能，会，可以。”can’t, 意为“不能，不会，不可以。”，还有“不可能”之意。--Can you drive? –

八年级英语语法篇5

Unit1

1. We had great fun playing in the water. 我们在水中玩得很高兴。

have fun (in) doing sth. 做某事很高兴 = enjoy oneself

We had a lot of fun swimming in the sea.

I have great fun talking with that little girl.

练一练(1) I have a good time on the beach. ( 同义句)

I ______ ________ on the beach.

(2) We have fun ______(sing) and ______( dance).

2. I found a small boy crying in the corner. 我发现一个小男孩在角落里哭。

find sb. doing sth. 发现某人正在做某事

He sat down and watched Wang Wang play with a friend black cat.

感官动词 see, hear, feel, watch, listen to, look at, find

(1)感官动词+ 宾语+ 动词原形强调看到/听到整个动作，或整个事件或行为的全过程

(2)感官动词+ 宾语+ 现在分词强调看到/听到行动或事件正在进行

I saw him cross the street. 我看见他过了马路。(从一边到另一边)

I saw him crossing the street. 我看见他正过马路。(正在马路中间走着)

练一练 (1) I found a dog ______ near the door.

A. was standing B. to stand C. stand D. stood

(2) She heard a little boy ______ English.

A. reading B. reads C. to read D. is reading

3. That made me feel very happy. 那使我感到很愉快。

make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事

使役动词 have, let, make 后跟不带to的不定式作宾补

Let me help you.

I’ll have him bring some water.

练一练 (1) Helping others can make us ______ very happy.

A. feeling B. to feel C. feel D. felt

(2) They _____ the boy leave at once.

A. asked B. told C. kept D. made

(3) Mother often ______ me ______ my homework after supper.

A. makes, doing B. lets, doing C. watched, to do D. makes, do

Unit2

1. How often do you exercise ? → How often + 助动词do(does或did) + 主语 + do sth. ? 疑问词how often是问频率(多经常), 在这里助动词do(does或did) 是起帮助构成疑问的作用

Once a week / Three times a month / Three or four times a month .

练习. —______ is “Lucky 52” shown on CCTV-2?

—Every week.(，黄冈)

A. How often B. How long C. How soon D. How many times

2. as for...意思是“至于;关于”，常用于句首作状语，其后跟名词、代词或动词的-ing形式(即动名词)。如

As for him，I never want to see him here. 至于他，我永远不希望在这里见到。

(1). ________(至于，关于) clothes, she likes clothes in fashion.

3. want to do sth.意思是“想要做某事”;

want sb. to do sth.意思是“想要某人做某事”。如：

Do you want to go to the movies with me?你想和我一起去看电影吗?

The teacher doesnt want us to eat hamburgers.老师不想让我们吃汉堡包。

练习： His mother wants him ___ at home today.

A. stays B. stayed C. to stay D. staying

4. be good for...表示“对……有益(有好处)”。其反义为：be bad for...。后接名词、代词或动名词;be good at意为“擅长……”，后接名词、代词或ving形式。be good with意为“灵巧的;与……相处得好”;be good to意为“对……友好。

(1).(乌鲁木齐) 1 think drinking milk is good ____ our health.

A.for B. to C. with D. at

5. try to do sth.表示“ 尽力做某事 ” ，不包含是否成功的意思 / try doing sth. 表示“ (用某一办法)试着去做某事”。如:You’d better try doing the experiment in another way. 你最好试试用另一种方法做这个试验。

练习： He must _____ his sister with her math.

A. try help B. trying to help C. trys to help D. try to help

6. help sb. (to) do sth.帮助某人做某事

.练习：Eating fruit and vegetables can help you ______ more vitamins

A. got B. getting C. to get D. gets

7. be the same as 和…一样 / 反义词： be different from 和…不同

练习：1.Life in the country is quite _______ that in the city.

A. the same B. different from C. full of D.the same as

2.Is your pen _______ Jim’s?

A.same as B.the same C.the same with D.the same as

8. kind of = a little / a kind of 意思是“一种”

练习：How many ______ medicine are used for the children of six years old?

A. kind of B. kinds of C. kind D. kinds

9. keep in good health = keep healthy = stay healthy =be healthy 保持健康

That sounds interesting. 这是“主语+系动词+表语”结构的简单句。sound(听起来)，look(看起来)，smell(闻起来)，taste(尝起来)，feel(觉得)，seem(好象)，grow(变得) , get(变得)等词在英语中可用作系动词，后跟形容词作表语。如： It tastes good. 这味道好。

The music sounds very sweet. 这音乐听起来很入耳。

练习：We should keep our classroom ______.

A. cleaned B. clean C. cleaning D. to clean

10.although意思是“虽然，尽管” 引导的从句不能与but, however连用，但可与yet, still连用。 although不能指假设的情况，不能作副词，放在词尾。

练习：Although he is very old, ______he works very hard.

A. and B. but C. / D. so

Unit3

1. I’m more outgoing than my sister . → 主语 + 动词 + 形容词比较级别 + than + 比较对象

练习：I don’t think Henry is _____ than Tony.

A. much popular B. more popular C. popular D. most popular

2. in some ways 在某些方面; in many ways 在多方面

3. enjoy doing sth. =love like doing sth. 喜欢做某事

练习：She enjoys _____ basketball on Sundays

A. play B to play C playing D have played

4. as/so + 形容词/ 副词(原形) + as 和……一样

它的否定式是：not as/ so + 形容词/ 副词(原形) + as 和……不一样

练习：This math problem is _______that one.

A.not so easy as B.more easy than C.as easier as D.easy than

5. all用于三者或三者以上;both用于两者。同时要注意它们在句中的位置，即位于连系动词(be)，助动词(be , will , shall , should 等)，情态动词(can , may , must , have to等)的后面;其它动词的前面。

同步练习

1.There are lots of colorful on _______ sides of the streets.

A.each B.both C.either D.all

2.What are your parents?

They doctors.

A.are all B.are both C.all are D.both are

6.make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事

练习：

1.The boss makes the worker _______10 hours every day.

A.work B.to work C.working D.works

.2. Mr Bean enjoys _______ jokes and often makes us _______.

A.to tell; to laugh B.tells; laugh C.telling; laugh D.telling; laughing

7.stop doing sth. 意为“ 停止(正在)做的事情” / stop to do sth. 意为“ 停下(正在做的事)去做某事”

语法：

1.一般过去时

1.一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。

动词过去式变化规则：

1.一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked

2.结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted

3.末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped

4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i，再加-ed，如：study-studied

同步练习

1. Gao Shan _______ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.

2. I ____________ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother ______.

3 What _____ she _____ (find) in the garden last morning?

She ____ (find) a beautiful butterfly.

4. It ____ (be) Ben’s birthday last Friday 10. We all ___ (have) a good time last night.

5.. He _____ (jump) high on last Sports Day. 12. Helen ____ (milk) a cow on Fridays.

6.. She likes ______ newspapers, but she ______ a book yesterday. (read)

7. He _______ football now, but they _______ basketball just now. (play)

8. Jim’s mother _________ (plant) trees just now.

9. _______ they ________ (sweep) the floor on Sunday? No, they _____.

10. I _______ (watch) a cartoon on Mondays. 18 We ____ (go) to school on Sundays.

2，.英语形容词比较级的构成

：

英语形容词比较等级有三个：原级，比较级和最高级。

形容词比较等级形式变化有规则的和不规则的两种。

规则变化 :

1)单音节词末尾加-er(比较级)，-est(最高级)

【例】 small smaller smallest

2)单音节如以e结尾，只加-r(比较级)，-st(最高级)

【例】 fine finer finest

闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母，须先双写这个辅音字母，再加-er(比较级)，-est(最高级) big bigger biggest

少数以-y，-er，ow，-ble结尾的双音节词，末尾加-er(比较级)，-est(最高级)。以-y结尾的词，如-y前是辅音字母，则变y为-i，再加-er和-est。以-e结尾的词只加-r和-st。

【例】 clever cleverer cleverest

其它双音节和多音节词皆在前面加单词more和most。

【例】 careful more careful most careful

不规则变化

原级比较级最高级

good/well better best

bad worse worst

many/much more most

little less least

注：有些形容词一般没有比较等级。如： right, wrong, woolen等。

同步练习

21. His father is____than his mother. ;

A. older four years B. as four years older C. four years older D. bigger four years

22. Maths is more popular than____.

A. any other subject B. all the subjects C. any subject D. other subject

23. China is larger than ____ in Africa

A. any other country B. other countries C. the other country D. any country

24. Tom is stronger than ___ in his class.

A. any other boy B. any boys C. any boy D. other boy

25. When spring comes, it gets____.

A. warm and warm B. colder and colder C. warmer and warmer D. shorter and shorter

26. By and by, ____ students in our class came to like English.

A. more and more B. much and much C. many and many D. less and least

27. At last he began to cry ___.

A. hard and hard B. more hard and more hard

C. harder and harder D. less hard and less harder

28. When spring comes the days get ____ and nights ____.

A. short; long B. long; short C. longer; shorter D. shorter; longer

29. ___ I look at the picture, ____ I like it.

A. The best; the more B. The more; the less C. The more; less D. More; the more

30. ___ he read the book, ____ he got in it.

A. The more; the more interesting B. The less; the more interesting

八年级英语语法篇6

2.2.understand how to transform an adjective into its comparative degree 3.3.understand and use the grammatical structure ___S + be + 形容词比较级 +than + 被比较对象 / as + 形容词原级 + as 4.4.use a number of comparative adjective to compare things or people.5.5.Realize your friends well and cherish friendship.Teaching importance and difficulties: Vocabulary: more、than、taller、shorter、thinner、longer、fatter、quieter、funnier、smarter、more atheletic、both etc.Comparative structures: S + be +形容词比较级 +than +被比较象

as + 形容词原级 + as Teaching methods: PPP、CLT、TBLT Teaching aids :blackboard、chalk、paper、pictures Type of the lesson :vocabulary、grammar

Teaching procedures: Step 1.Greetings and lead-in(write the topic of this unit down).Ask students some questions about their friends.Such as :―Do you have a good friend ?Why do you choose him/her as your friend ?‖（give them some promts which can associated with friend’s character and appearance ,then let them write down）Step2.Presentation Summarize students’ answers and write them down on the blackboard.Then lead them to learn how to use that Comparative structures and how to transform an adjective into its comparative degree.形容词比较等级形式变化有规则的和不规则的两种。规则变化

1）单音节词末尾加-er（比较级），-est（最高级）【例】great--greater small –smaller clean--cleaner 2）单音节如以e结尾，只加-r（比较级），-st（最高级）【例】clever--cleverer nice--nicer wide--wider 3）闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母，须先双写这个辅音字母，再加-er（比较级）【例】 big bigger hot hotter red redder 4）少数以-y，-er，ow，-ble结尾的双音节词，末尾加-er（比较级），-est（最高级）。以-y结尾的词，如-y前是辅音字母，则变y为-i，再加-er 【例】funny--funnier easy--easier 5）其它双音节和多音节词皆在前面加单词more.【例】 careful more careful difficult more difficult 不规则变化

good/well---better bad---worse many/much---more little---less far---farther/further Step 3.Practice Use the structure of ―S + be +形容词比较级 +than +被比较对象‖ to do some exerises.(According to what you wrote ,compare youself with your friends ,are there any differences? Write them down and say them out)

Step4.Presentation

Make a short conclude about the way of describing differences and elicit the way of describing sameness which related to the word ―both‖ and comparative structure ―as + 形容词原级+ as ‖。Step 5.Practice and production

Explain how to use them and give an example.Then let students describe the sameness between themselves and their friend.Step 6.Summarize the whole content of comparative structures.Step7.Homework Read the passage of section A 3a fluently、translate it into Chinese and finish the questions below passage.Step8.Reflection.(课后写)

Black design

tall —

short —

quiet —

funny —

heavy —

thin—

interest—

beautiful —

八年级英语作文方法浅析篇7

一、听———写

人教版新目标教材的每一个单元的编排都是从听力开始的, 学生在听听力时可以边听边记关键词、关键短语、主题句等重要信息。听完后用自己的话语重新组织, 说出所听内容梗概, 然后再打开课本后面的听力材料对照。这样从听力中训练学生的动笔能力和组织语言的能力, 对写作起引导作用。学生们经过七年级的学习已经掌握了一定的听力技巧并打下了听力的基础。八年级的听力也是从短对话慢慢延伸至短文, 所以, 学生们必须熟记课本上的单词, 并理解单词的用法, 这既学习了词汇、练习了听力也为写作做了准备。听过并记住所听的一些内容, 这样日积月累就会增加自己脑袋里的素材, 写作的时候就可以借用别人说话的方式来表达自己的想法与感情。

二、说———写

英语是一门有声语言, 这门语言的说和写是密不可分的。说是将心里所想的东西用有声的话语表达出来, 而写则是将心里所想的东西用笔墨呈现到纸上。其实, 说英语也就是在进行口头写作。说英语能帮助学生们在脑海中迅速组织语言, 提高英语的构思能力, 形成一种不同于母语的语言思维模式, 为写作打下良好的基础。八年级的学生们要大胆地开口说英语, 从实践中体会英语的魅力。学生们可以从课本上的对话练习开始, 逐渐学会用自己的话语去编造类似的对话, 从简单的编对话开始进行写作训练。或者和自己的partner找一个共同的话题进行英语交流, 讨论并用笔记下不会用英语表达的句子, 事后共同讨论、查阅字典或者直接向老师求助。这种方法非常实用, 直接关系到我们的语言表达能力, 通过这种不同寻常的练习找到自己的语言表达的弱点, 及时找出并改进。这有利于我们消除语言的障碍, 将英语语言融入到日常生活中, 更加勇敢地去接触这一门外语, 增强学习的兴趣, 达到有话敢说和会说的目的。

三、背———写

背诵是学习英语的一种重要方法, 它可以帮助学生掌握大量的英语基础知识, 提高学生的口头表达能力, 培养学生良好的英语语感。从而形成良好的英语思维模式, 避免中国式英语。所以, 学生要有意识地熟记并背诵教材中的对话、句型结构、习惯用语、固定搭配等, 这样可以开阔学生的知识视野, 丰富他们的知识积累。另外, 背诵一些谚语或者名言警句, 这样会使作文锦上添花, 更能得到读者的认可。其实, 背诵是学习知识过程中不可缺少的一个重要步骤。八年级的作文都是以每个单元的主题进行展开的, 学生们要背下本单元的相关表达句子。记清楚句子的构成以及描述的先后顺序, 背下课文和对话中的有用语句, 为自己在写作文时提供便利。比如, 在描绘一样事物需要用多个形容词时, 学生们必须要记清楚多个形容词修饰名词时的顺序 (“限定描绘大长高, 形状年龄和新老;颜色国籍跟材料, 作用类别往后靠。”eg.He loves that hungry tired sleepy little match girl.他爱那个饥饿疲劳困倦的卖火柴的小女孩。There is a big round red wooden Chinese table in the room.房间里有一张中国制造的木制红色大圆桌) 。通过记住固定的表达方式, 这样可以大大增加学生们动笔写作的自信心, 排除掉英语写作的最大心理障碍。

四、读———写

英语学习中, 阅读是输入, 写作是输出。英语的阅读和写作题材都是源于生活实践。文章都是由词到句, 由句到段, 由段到篇建构而成。所以, 学生们在阅读文章时, 一定要注意分析文章的词、句、段、篇的建构方式, 以及作者的思想和写作方法。阅读文章就是在欣赏他人的写作成果, 所以学生们要扩大自己的阅读量, 积累更多丰富的写作材料。努力学习并借鉴他人的写作长处来为我所用, 通过借鉴学会慢慢拓展自己的英语猎取范围。除了课本上的文章、对话外, 还可以阅读各种同级辅导资料上的文章, 以此来扩宽学习范围增加词汇和知识储备量, 帮助学生在写作时有话可说更要有话会说。

五、写———写

文章是由句子构成, 写好句子是写好文章的重要前提。在平时, 学生们要养成用英语表达一切所想的习惯, 比如写几个句子, 翻译几句话或是写日记等。八年级的学生们要逐渐养成用英语写日记的习惯, 这样可以促使自己不断地进行知识的索求与探寻。学生们在平时要积累更多的表达方式和写作素材并改进自己的写作方式, 这有助于在自主学习、探究学习的条件下提高自己的能力。

改写也是提高英语写作水平的有效方法, 这种方法对于八年级的学生们来说是最直接, 最有效的。学生们可以用按葫芦画瓢的方式进行模仿, 从句型结构, 篇章构造去体会写作。改写先从改写句子开始, 学生们可以从练习句型转换逐渐过渡到对短文的改写和缩写, 也包括将对话、图表的内容用短文的方式灵活地呈现出来。这种方法对学生的英语能力要求较高, 但对学生们的写作能力的提升有很大的促进作用。

八年级英语语法篇8

关键词：教学目标；理论依据；课题界定；研究状态；存在的问题；未来展望

一、目标和内容

希望通过我的研究，通过对情景交际法在小学英语教学中的运用进行试验，找到学生学习语法的有效方法与途径，把抽象、难懂的语法知识形象化，把零碎的语法知识融入语言交际运用中，

给学生创造一个学习语言的真实环境。

二、理论依据

《义务教育英语课程标准》中明确提出：基础教育阶段英语课程的总体目标是培养学生的综合语言的运用能力。我们以赞可夫的发展教学论为指导思想，相信每位孩子都有发展空间，要积极创设条件为他们英语能力的发展奠基，以根舍因的范例教学理论和布卢姆的掌握学习理论为研究指导，在教学中根据学生实际开展各种有效的教学活动，让学生在和谐、积极的氛围中学习，求知欲得到激发，学习知识、运用知识的能力及顽强拼搏的毅力得到锻炼。

三、课题的界定

1.课题的界定。

2.研究的主要内容。

3.研究的对象。

四、研究的方法

1.调查法。

2.自然实验法。

3.教育经验总结法。

五、研究成果

在学校领导和各位老师的大力支持和关怀之下，本课题才得以有条不紊地开展。在课题的研究实施过程中我注重做了以下这些工作：

1.运用游戏创设情景，激发学生的学习兴趣，改变学生对语法知识“望而却步”的态度。

2.利用多媒体教学手段，创设学生喜闻乐见的直观情景，使语法知识点更加贴近学生的实际学习与生活。