讲与练（共7篇）
讲与练 篇1
考英语单项选择题的考点主要分布在:名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词、冠词、连词、介词、情态动词;时态、语态;词义辨析、语序、各种不同的从句及交际用语上。在做单项填空题时, 掌握一些解题方法是很有必要的。解题的主要方法有以下六个方面:
1.直接法———直接利用相关语法知识, 通过题干中的已有信息, 捕捉到解题线索, 从而得出正确答案的解题方法。
例1 June 1st is___Day.All the children enjoy it very much. (2011眉山)
A.ChildrenB.Childrens’C.Children’s D.Child
解析:本题考查的是直接法。儿童节的正确的表达是Children’s Day。故选C。
例2 I’m talking to you, Jack.Please listen to__ carefully. (2011北京)
A.meB.mineC.youD.yours
解析:本题考查的是直接法。从句意可知此处缺人称宾语。故选A。
2.关键词法———许多题目中都有这样一些词, 它们对于快速而准确地判定答案起着至关重要的作用。我们称这些词为关键词 (key words) 。找到句中的关键词, 也就找到了解题的突破口。
例3 If it is dark, __the lights, please. (2011天津)
A.pick upB.look at
C.turn onD.play with
解析:本题考查的是关键词法。从关键词“dark天黑”可知:“开灯”为正确答案。故选C。
例4 Now China has joined WTO (世贸组织) , so I think English is__useful than before. (2011长沙)
A.moreB.mostC.muchD.many
解析:本题考查的是关键词法。从关键词“than”可知需用比较级。故选A。
3.类推法———如果对题目的备选答案没有十分把握或把握很小, 不妨利用“如果A对, 那么B也对”的类推法。
例5—Why are you in such a hurry, Mike?
—There___an NBA basketball game in ten minutes. (2011福州)
A.will haveB.will be
C.is going to haveD.are going to be
解析:本题考查的是类推法。will与is going to都表示将来, 若A对则C也对, 故排除。an NBA basketball game为单数名词。故选B。
4.前后照应法———此方法多用于两个以上句子或对话形式命题的题目。解题前透彻理解, 然后联系上下文, 捕捉隐含信息, 方能准确找出答案。
例6 As we know, some people are good at__but bad at giving back. (2010广州)
A.lendingB.keeping
C.borrowingD.using
解析:本题考查的是前后照应法。句意为“一些人擅长于借 (进东西) 而不擅长于还”。give back意为“还”, 与之相对应的是borrow“借 (进) ”。故选C。
5.排除法———根据题干提供的信息, 先把一眼就看出的干扰项排除, 缩小选择范围, 然后将剩余的选项填入空白处进行检验, 辨别真伪。
例7—Would you like to go to the concert with me tonight?
—I’d love to, but___of us couple has tickets.Do you have some? (2011柳州)
A.bothB.allC.neitherD.none
解析:本题考查的是排除法。couple指夫妻俩人, 排除all和none, 另外该句谓语动词用has单数, 排除both。故选C。
6.交际法———此方法可用于约30个交际用语中, 联系上下文直接解题。
例8—I’ll go to Beijing for the coming summer holiday.
—________. (2011盐城)
A.Thank youB.It doesn’t matter
C.The same to youD.Have a good time
解析:本题考查的是交际法。对别人的出行, 应表示祝愿。故选D。
以上六种方法, 大家要在具备扎实的基础知识条件下, 灵活运用。
好题练一练:
1.—May I use your dictionary?
—Sorry.I don’t have__. (2011盐城)
A.itB.thisC.thatD.one
2.—The pet cat in your hand is very nice.Is it__?
—Yes, but I’ll give it to my friend Lucy as __birthday present. (2011滨州)
A.you;her B.your;her C.yours;her D.you;hers
3.Is there___ in today’s newspaper? (2011铜仁)
A.special something B.special anything
C.something specialD.anything special
4.Books are made__paper while paper is mainly made___wood. (2011无锡)
A.of;of B.from;from
C.of;from D.from;of
5.—Which city is your favorite?
—Hangzhou, of course.It’s the___place that I want to visit. (2011菏泽)
A.worseB.worstC.betterD.best
6.On October 15, 2003 China___its second lunar orbiter Chang’e 2. (2011阜康)
A.set outB.set offC.sent upD.sent out
7.We have___some organization to help the poor students in the western areas of China. (2011镇江)
A.taken upB.put upC.picked upD.set up
8.—Did you see Mr.Black just now?
—Yes.He__his car when I met him. (2011宿迁)
A.parkedB.was parkingC.parksD.will park
9.—Will you stay for some more days?
—Sorry, I__.My mother called to ask me to go back at once. (2011菏泽)
A.mustn’tB.may notC.can’tD.wouldn’t
10.__did Gina say when you told her about the game? (2011威海)
A.HowB.WhatC.WhichD.Why
11.He___when the UFO arrived.He didn’t wake until the UFO disappeared. (2011枣庄)
A.sleptB.was sleeping
C.was doing homeworkD.was singing
12.I didn’t hear you because I___the news on the radio. (2011河北)
A.listen toB.am listening to
C.listened toD.was listening to
解析与答案:
1.解析:考查代词。表示泛指并含有数量“一”意思时用one。故选D
2.解析:考查物主代词的用法。物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。形容词性物主代词后要接名词, 名词性物主代词后不接名词。本题问句中空格后没有名词, 故填名词性物主代词, 答语中空格后有名词birthday present, 故填形容词性物主代词。故选C。
3.解析:考查不定代词的用法。不定代词要放在形容词的前面, something放在肯定句中, anything放在否定句或疑问句中, 故选D。
4.解析:能看出原材料用be made of;不能看出原材料用be made from, 故选C。
5.解析:考查比较等级的用法。由句意:哪个是你最喜欢的城市?当然是杭州, 它是我想参观的最好的城市。用最高级best。故选D。
6.解析:考查动词短语辨析。set out意为“开始;着手;打算”;set off意为“出发;动身”;send up意为“发射;发出”;send out意为“发送;派遣”。故选C。
7.解析:考查动词短语辨析。take up“占据”;put up“张贴, 搭建”;pick up“拾起”;set up“建立”。句意:我们已经建立一些组织来帮助中国西部地区的贫穷学生。故选D。
8.解析:考查动词时态。句意“你刚才看见布莱克先生了吗?”“是的, 我见到他时他正在停车”。由句意“见他时, 已经过去”, 故用过去时, 排除C、D;又因为when引导的从句表示时间点, 应用过去进行时。故选B。
9.解析:考查情态动词表推测。句意:你再呆几天好吗?对不起, 我不能, 我的母亲打电话让我马上回去。mustn’t禁止;may not不可能;can’t不能;wouldn’t不愿做……, 将要不……。故选C。
10.解析:考查疑问词辨析。
how意为“如何;怎样”, what意为“什么;多少”, which为“哪一个;哪一些”, why指“为什么”。由句意“当你告诉她这个比赛时, 吉娜说了些什么?”可知, 用what。故选B。
11.解析:考查过去进行时及动词词义。由下文句意“当UFO消失时他才醒来”可知前句意为“当UFO到达时他正在睡觉”。过去某一时刻正在做某事, 用过去进行时。故选B。
12.解析:考查动词时态。句意为“因为我正在听新闻我听不清楚你说的话”, 主句为一般过去时态, 强调两个动作同时发生, 从句用过去进行时态, 故选D。
讲与练 篇2
一、重点单词
1. accustomed adj.通常的,习惯的, 按照风俗习惯的
例1 Her accustomed smile makes her popular in the company. 她惯常的微笑使她在公司很受欢迎。
[拓展] be/become accustomed to=be used to习惯于某事
例2 The little boy is accustomed to hard work at his stepmother’s home. 在继母家里小男孩已习惯了干累活。
例3 I’m not accustomed to getting up so early to do morning exercise. 我不习惯这么早起床进行晨练。
[考题例析] The family moved to the south from the north years ago, and now they are _____to hot and wet weather.
A. suitable B. accustomed
C. familiar D. agreeable
解析 选B suitable 适合的;agreeable使人愉快的, 惬意的, 适合的; familiar熟悉的。根据前半句 “从北方移居到南方数年”，可推测是习惯了南方的天气。所以用B最合乎题意。
2. add vt. 增加, 添加, 计算……总和, 补充说, 又说vi. 加, 加起来, 增添, 做加法
例4 I should like to add that we are pleased with the test result. 我还要补充说一下,我们对测试结果表示满意。
[拓展] add up加算，合计;合乎情理，合情合理;add up to 总计为，总数达;add to增添
例5 He wrote down the weight of each stone and then added up all the weights.他把每一块石头的重量记下来，然后把所有的重量加在一起。
例6 The various facts in their report just don’t add up. 他们报告中的各方面材料根本串不起来。
[考题例析] Please ____ the numbers and I’m sure they will ____ more than 1000.
A. add up; add B. add up; add up
C. add up; add up to D. add; add up
解析 选C 根据题意，第一空为“将数字相加”，用add或add up都可以;第二空显然是得出的总数，应选用add up to“加起来”。
3. proper adj. 适当的`, 正确的,正当的
例7 You aren’t wearing proper clothes for this hot weather. 这么热的天气，你穿的衣服不合适。
[派生] properly adv.适当地;正确地
例8 You haven’t done the job properly， you’ll have to do it again. 你没有做对这件工作，你得重做。
[考题例析] I don’t think the boy is too small to look after the dog ____.
A. correctly B. exactly
C. properly D. accurately
解析 选C correctly, exactly, accurately三个选项的意思都强调 “准确无误地”，properly强调适当。
4. admit许可进入，准许进入;容纳, 容许;承认;供认
例9 This ticket admits two people to the football match. 这张票可供两人入场看足球赛。
例10 He never admits that he is wrong.他从不承认自己错了。
强调句型用法讲与练 篇3
1. 强调句型中，能够被强调的句子成分通常为主语、状语、宾语等，不能用来强调谓语动词、表语、补语、让步状语、条件状语等。
例如 It was in the park that I mat my old teacher yesterday. (强调地点状语)
It is Mr. Smith that thinks Tom is a clever boy. （强调主语）
2． 强调句型中，连接词一般用that，如被强调的部分是人，也可用who/whom，其他一律用that，不能用which, where, when等，即使被强调的是物、时间状语或地点状语。
例如 It was at the gate that we met the inspectors this morning.
It is our head-teacher that/ who/whom we often turn to for help.
3． 强调结构中，无论被强调的是人还是物，单数还是复数，be动词一律用单数is/was形式，如果原句的谓语动词是一般过去时，就用was; 是一般现在时，就用is。也可以用"情态动词＋be"形式。
例如 It was the farmers that lived a hard life before liberation.
It might be yesterday that John bought a book for Mary.
４. 强调句型也有疑问句形式，包括一般疑问句、特殊疑问句和反意疑问句。一般疑问句的强调形式，只需将is/ was 提前，移至句首即可，即：Is/ Was it … that …。特殊疑问句的强调形式，须将陈述句变成一般疑问句，再在句首加上疑问词，即：疑问词（被强调部分）＋is/was + it + that + 句子其余部分。
例如 Was it last year that the building was completed？
Where was it that you met your English teacher？
It was the day before yesterday that you lost the money, wasn't it？
５. not … until…结构在强调句型中的运用：until引导的时间状语从句，也可以用在强调句型中，但主要是其否定形式，如用在强调句型中，必须将not前移，写成It is/was not until … that … 。
例如 It was not until the class began that he came in.
It was not until last Friday that he finished reading the book.
６. 当强调的是主语时，其谓语动词应和被强调的人和物保持人称、数的一致。如果被强调的主语是人称代词，宜用主格，间或也可用宾格。
例如 It is I who am going to attend the meeting.
It was I/me who cleaned the classroom.
7. 强调句型最容易与定语从句、主语从句和状语从句一起考查，应是学习和复习的重点。一般说来，如果把句子中的It is/ was … that去掉，稍加调整语序，能还原成完整句子，并且句子意思依然完整，则为强调句型；否则，应为其他句式。
例如 It was a small house that I used to live in. (定语从句)
It was at the school gate that I met an old friend of mine.（强调句型）
实战演练
1. It was about 600 years ago ___ the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.
A. thatB. untilC. before D. when
2. It's the ability to do the job ____ matters, not just where you come from or what you are.
A. oneB. that C. whatD. it
3. It was only when I reread the poems recently ____ I began to appreciate their beauty.
A. until B. that C. then D. so
4. It was not until 1920 ____ regular radio broadcast began.
A. While B. whichC. thatD. since
5. It was not _____ she took off her dark glass ____ I realized she was a famous film star.
A. when; thatB. until; that
C. until; when D. when; then
6.____was in 1979____ I graduated from the university.
A. That…thatB. It ...that
C. That ...when D. It …when
7.It was____ he said____ disappointed me.
A. what…that B. that…that
C. what…what D. that…what
8. Was ____ that I saw last night at the concert ？
A. it you B. not you
C. youD. that yourself
9. —Wasn't it Dr.Wang who spoke to you just now？
—____.
A. I didn't know he was
B. Yes, it was
C. No , he wasn't
D. Yes, he did
10. — What was the party like？
—Wonderful . It's years _____ I enjoyed myself so much.
A. afterB. before C. whenD. since
讲与练 篇4
一、英语教学设计理论的探索
讲与练的问题并非是孤立的, 它是融入在整体教学设计中一个不可或缺的问题。探讨讲与练的关系, 首先需要探讨整体的教学设计。鲁子问、康淑敏 (2008) 在《英语教学设计》一书中提出“教学是人类有计划的活动, 这种计划的方案可以通过有意识的设计来完成, 这种设计就是教学设计”。卢健 (2012) 提出教学设计是教师为了达成一定的教学目标, 依据教学理论、技术理论和方法理论, 从教学材料、教学对象、教学目标、教学重难点、教学过程和教学评价等方面进行研究, 形成一个系统方案, 以帮助学生学习的过程。
笔者认为, 教学设计是教师为了特定的教育教学目标, 依据教育心理学理论、教学理论和方法论, 通过对教学对象、教学材料、教学目标的分析研究, 确定教学重难点及其突破方法、教学过程和教学评价方式等, 形成系统的教学方案, 以指导学生学习的过程。教学设计包括全程设计、阶段性设计以及课时设计。根据这一定义, 笔者将结合自己的教学实际, 探讨高三英语复课教学中的讲与练, 提出一些想法和做法。
二、何为讲, 何为练
何为讲?何为练?《辞海》中的解释是这样的:讲, 讲说, 讲解;练:练习。那么, 在高中英语教学中, 如何界定讲与练呢?笔者认为:讲, 即对语言知识 (包括词法和句法) , 以及对语言知识的应用的技术和技巧的讲解;练, 即对语言知识的应用练习。技术与技巧既可以通过大量的练习而习得, 也可以在教师的指导下按照一定的方法快速习得, 进而缩短练习的过程。
三、讲什么, 练什么
进入高三, 师生与家长的心态普遍是“为高考做好一切准备”, 也就是说:家庭、学校做的所有事情都应为学生高考服务, 当然, 学校的课堂教学及一切教学活动更应围绕“高考”这个中心。那么, 在作为教学活动主体的课堂教学中, 针对英语教学, 作为教师, 又该如何定位呢?对此问题, 部分教师认为:在高一、高二的课堂教学中, 基础知识已经传授, 基本技能也已训练, 进入高三, 就应以练代讲, 提高熟练程度和做题的技巧, 以达到提高成绩的目的。然而, 也有部分教师认为:基础知识和基本技能在高一、高二虽然都进行过教授和训练, 然而, 时至高三, 学生已经忘得差不多了, 还是应该从头讲起, 边讲边练。然而, 这样用于讲解的时间增多, 而进行练习的时间减少了。笔者认为:从高一到高三是三个不同的教育阶段, 学生不仅从心理上经历着从熟悉环境、老师、同学到交朋结友, 再到为高考拼搏的过程;更重要的是, 他们的认知水平也在不断发展变化。再从教材的层面来看, 高一、高二阶段趋于对知识模块局部的认知与学习, 教学中多以演绎推理为主, 而高三则侧重于知识模块间的联系、完整知识体系的建立以及综合运用, 教学中多以归纳总结为主。因此, 合理安排讲与练对提高高三复课教学的实效性就显得非常重要。
要解决讲与练的问题, 笔者认为, 首先应该确定讲什么, 如何讲, 然后再确定练的内容和形式。进入高三, 讲的内容应该集中在整体知识体系的建立以及知识模块间的联系上。教师应该系统地讲解词法和句法, 并注重他们间的联系与区别。如:在词法教学中, 应系统地讲解从名词到感叹词的特点、变化以及在句中的应用, 点明考试的重点和难点;在句法教学中, 应讲解从简单句到复合句的变化与联系, 特别是对各种从句的辨认等, 为有效练习奠定坚实的基础。在这个过程中, 有些教师会担心讲得太多学生接受不了, 或者说这些讲解距离高考太远。但是, 如果不解决知识体系的问题, 学生永远只能记忆支离破碎的知识点, 在综合练习时就会不知所措。
作为英语教师, 我们应该明白, 任何一种语言现象都不是一蹴而就的, 只有通过不断的重复, 才能最终解决问题。因此, 对于练习, 我们应该按照分类练习和综合练习两大类进行———分类练习侧重于对不同知识模块的训练, 而综合练习则侧重于知识间的联系与区别。同时, 应通过及时、有针对性的讲评, 实现语言应用能力的提升。
四、如何讲, 如何练
世间万事万物皆无多少之分, 一切均在于适度, 教学中的讲练也不例外。只讲不练或多讲少练, 其结果都是理论与实践脱节, 空有满腹诗书, 却难成就天下文章;相反, 如果只练不讲, 或者多练少讲, 学生的学习就会成为“无源之水”“无本之木”, 难以长久。因此, 讲练的多少在于适度。当然, 适度也一定是建立在分析学情、教情和考情上的。
如何认识知识的讲解和针对练习的讲评, 也是正确把握讲练的关键之一。笔者认为:在高三英语教学中, 不可以用针对练习的讲评取代知识的讲解。首先, 讲评只是针对某一习题进行的局部讲解, 如果我们借用练习中的某一问题为引子而系统讲解所涉及的知识点, 就会造成对其他试题讲解的延误, 难以实现在有效时间内完成对整个试卷的讲评;同时, 也容易使学生将某一知识点与同一道习题或知识的一个侧面联系起来, 难以建立完整的知识体系, 更难以实现知识的迁移和对综合知识的灵活运用。如果在练习之前能将知识点系统地教给学生, 在练习的讲评中, 教师就可以对知识点“点到为止”, 而将讲评的重点放在解题思路和方法上, 从而及时、高效地完成练习的讲评, 收到事半功倍的效果。
参考文献
卢健.2012.高中英语教学设计案例研究[J].中小学外语教学, (3) :12-15.
讲与练 篇5
1、名词性从句中连接词的运用
名词性从句中的连接词有连词that / whether / as if，连接代词what / who/ which / whose / whatever / whoever / whomever / whichever，连接副词where / when / why / how / wherever / whenever。
（1）that的用法。
①主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中用that但不能省略。如：
That they are good at English is known to us all.
The problem is that we don’t have enough money.
She expressed the hope that they would come to China one day.
②宾语从句中的连接词that有时可省有时又不可省，在以下几种情况中that不能省略：（A）当that从句和主句谓语动词之间有插入词语或者从句主语之间有插入语时，that不可省略；（B）当that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时，that不能省；（C）当that作介词宾语时，that不可省掉。如：
He judged that,because he was a child, he did not understand
wine
Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried.
The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do.
③that从句作主语和宾语时，可以用it 来替换成以下几种结构表达。
(A)It is clear/certain/likely/true/surprising that… （B）It is a pity/shame/good idea/no wonder that ...（C）It is said/reported/ believed/known/thought/suggested that … （D）It seems/happens that。如：
It happened that I went out last night.
It is said that China will win in the World Cup.
④that和what的区别。
that 引导名词性从句时，在主从句中不以当任何句子成分，也没有任何含义；而what引导名词性从句时，在主从句中都要充当一定的句子成分，what可以分解成定语从句中的先行词 + 关系代词即常说的先行词 + that。如：
It’s shame that he has made such a mistake. Do what he says.
⑤同位语从句与定语从句中that的区别。
同位语从句中的连词that只起连接作用，在从句中不担当任何句子成分；而定语从句中的关系代词that在句中做宾语或主语，宾语与先行词有修饰关系。如果句子是同位语从句，就应用连词that而不能用which.同位语从句一般放在表具体含义的名词后解释名词的含义或内容，如以下名词：news、fact、suggestion、truth、plan、belief、doubt、possibility、idea等，而定语从句只是对先行词的限定和修饰。如：
They expressed the hope that they would come to visit China again.(同位语从句)
The hope she expressed is that they would come to visit China again.（定语从句）
（2）whether和if的用法。
①whether和if在宾语从句中可以互换，但是作介词宾语时连接词一般用whether。如：
It all depends on whether they will come back.
②后面直接跟or not 时用whether。如：
I didn’t know whether or not he had arrived in Wuhan.
③主语从句表语从句中只能用whether。如：
Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.
The question is whether they have so much money.
④whether可以引导同位语从句，用以说明前面的名词的内容，if不能。如：
We ought to discuss carefully the question whether we can do
it or not.
⑤whether常与or连用表示一种选择，if不能这样用；whether也可与动词不定式连用但if不能。如：
The question of whether they are male or female is not impor-
tant.
I have not decided whether to go or not.
⑥间接引语位于句首时或者是间接引语提前时用whether不用if。如：
Thank you, but whether I’ll be free I’m not sure at the moment.
⑦whether可引导一个让步状语从句表示“不管”、“无论”，而if不能。如：
Whether he comes or not, we will begin our party on time.
（3）疑问词 + ever和no matter + 疑问词的区别。
①疑问词 + ever可引导名词性从句，在主从句中要充当一定的部分。如：
Whoever breaks the rule must be punished.
You can choose whatever you like in the shop.
②疑问词 + ever还可引导让步状语从句。如：
Whoever breaks the rule, he must be punished,
Whatever you do, you must do it well.
③no matter + 疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。如：
No matter what you do, you must do it well.
No matter who breaks the rule, he must be punished.
（4）when和where引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别。
when 和where前面的名词若是表示时间、地点的名词，则when和where引导的是定语从句，否则则为同位语从句。如：
They put forward the question where they could get the money.
This is the place where the accident happened.
2、名词性从句中主句和从句的时态一致
（1）宾语从句中主句和从句的时态保持一致，但如果从句中表示提示的是客观现象，虽然主句是过去时态，从句仍用一般现在时。如：
Hello,I didn’t know you were in London. How long have you been here?
The teacher told us that light travels at a very high speed.
（2）主语从句作主语相当于单数第三人称作主语，谓语动词用单数，如果由and 连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用单数。如：
When the meeting will begin has not been decided yet.
When they will start and where they go have not been decided yet.
When and where the meeting will begin has not been decided.
3、名词性从句的词序
名词性从句在句中要用陈述句语序。如：
He asked me what was the matter with me.
We’ve heard the news that we’ll move into the new house.
Whatever you say will interest us all.
二、精典名题导解
选择填空
1. A computer can only do ________ you have instructed it to do.(NMET 2001)
A.how B.after C.what D.when
解析：答案为C。本题考查的是名词性从句作宾语的用法。此句的引导词既作连词又在宾语从句中充当一成分，故what最合适。
2. -I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week..
-Is that _________ you had a few days off ? (NMET 99)
A.why B.when C.what D.where
解析：答案为A。此题考查的是从句的用法。根据题意“我上周开车去珠海看航空展去了。”下面一句接着问：“那就是你为什么离开的原因吗？”故用why引导表语从句表示原因。
3. I hate __________ when peope talk with their mouths full.(NMET 98)
A.it B.that C.these D.them
解析：答案为A。本题考查的是形式宾语的用法。题意为“我讨厌人们谈话时嘴里塞满东西”。该空白处没有任何含义，而且已经用了when连接该宾语从句，所以此处只填一个形式宾语it。
名词性从句
l．_ the Olympic Games will be held in Beijing makes the nation very excited．
A．Whenever B．If C．Whether D．That
2．The headmaster made a suggestion that the sports meet until next Sunday．
A．Will be put off B．will put off C．put off D．be put off
3． is a fact that English people and American people share a lot of customs．
A．There B．This C．That D．that
4．Dr Black comes from either 0xford of Cambridge,I can’t remember ．
A．where B．there C．which D．that
5． he said at the meeting astonished everybody present．
A．What B．That C．The fact D．The matter
6．I remember this used to be a quiet village．
A．when B．how C．where D．what
7．Can you tell me the railway station?
A．how I can get to B．how can I get to
C．where I can get to D．where can I get to
8．We all took for granted that he would agree with us．
A．it B．him C．that D．what
9．It worried her a bit her hair was turning grey．
A．while B．that C．if D．for
10． leaves the room last ought to turn off the 1ights．
A．Anyone B．The person C．Whoever D．Who
11． they are most interested in is they can produce more and better cars．
A．That；how B．What；how C．What；that D．That；that
12．The reason she gave for not being present was the heavy snow prevented her coming．
A．why；because B．why；whether C．that；that D．how；that
l3． I have will be yours sooner or later．
A．No matter what B．No matter how C．Whatever D．However
14．Word came I was wanted at the office．
A．which B．why C．that D．whether
15．The town is no longer it was ten years ago．
A．which B．that C．what D．when
16．It is generally considered unwise to give a child be or she wants．
A．however B．whatever C．whichever D．whenever
17．Please tell me you would like to have your coffee-black or white?
A．what B．where C．when D．how
18．-Do you remember be came?
-Yes，I do．He came by car．
A．how B．when C．that D．if
l9． we can’t get seems better that we have．
A．What；what B．What：that C．That；that D．That：what
20．-I drove to Zhuhai for the Air Show last week．
-Is that you had a few days off?
A．why B．when C．what D．where
21．You can take measures you think good to deal with the problems．
A．whatever B．however C．whichever D．those
22．- has made our city Dalian she is taday?
-It is the Party’s policy that has made it take on a new look．
A．What；that B．That；what C．there；so D．That；that
23．It was at the very beginning Mr White made
the decision we should send more firefighters there．
A．that：that B．when；which C．there；what D．where；what
24．It was he worked out the maths problem that we wanted to know．
A．what B．how C．that D．which
25．There will be a special price for buys things in large numbers here．
A．who B．whom C．whoever D．whomever
26．-I rang you about ten，but there was no reply．
-0h，that was probably I was seeing the doctor．
A．when B．why C．what D．that
27．Maria has to baby-sit．That’s she can’t come out with us．
A．how B．why C ．when D．what
28． surprised me most was they had finished the work so quickly．
A．What：what B．That；that C．What：that D．That；what
29．You can’t imagine when they received these nice Christmas presents．
A．how they were excited B．how excited they were
C．how excited were they D．they were how excited
名词性从句
英语强调句考点讲与练 篇6
强调句，又叫做强调结构，是指为了强调句子的某个成分，而改变句子的语序，使句子被分成两个部分，每个部分都有自己的动词。常见的强调句有两种，第一种即通常所说的“强调句型”,第二种又被称为“准强调句”。
一、关于强调句
1、强调句的构成
It is/was + 被强调的成分 + that + 其它成分
2、关于“被强调成分”
“被强调的成分”最常见的是句子的主语、宾语、状语，特殊情况下也可能是宾语补足语、表语等成分。如：
正常语序的陈述句：My father met with an old friend of his in the street yesterday.
改变语序后的强调句：上面这个句子可以有四种变化：
→ It was my father that/who met with an old friend of his in the street yesterday.（强调主语）
→ It was an old friend of his (that/whom) my father met with in the street yesterday.（强调宾语）
→ It was in the street that my father met with an old friend of his yesterday.（强调地点状语）
→ It was yesterday that my father met with an old friend of his in the street.（强调时间状语）
3、强调句中that的用法
⑴“被强调的成分”不论是时间状语还是地点状语，强调句仍然只能用that，而不能用when, where。如：
It was in Berlin that I first saw this film.
It was then that I recalled that I had left my wristwatch up in the bar.
⑵ “被强调的成分”如果是表示人的名词作主语或宾语时，在口语中常用who或whom 代替that。如：It was my father who met with an old friend of his in the street yesterday.
4、强调句中的主谓一致
“被强调的成分”如果是人称代词作主语时，通常用主格代词，但在口语中也常常使用宾格形式，但要注意人称和数的一致。试比较：
I suppose it is I who am responsible.
I suppose it is me who is responsible.
5、强调句的常见句式变化
⑴ 强调句型的疑问结构：一般疑问句一律用Is/Was it that …? 特殊疑问句则必须使用“特殊疑问词 + is/was it that …?”例如：
Was it her that you were talking about?
Was it last year that you got the scholarship?
Where was it that you saw the man?
Who was it that you want to see?
How is it that your answer differs from his?
What is it that you want me to say?
⑵“被强调的成分”如果是状语，且主句又为否定句时，通常发生“否定的转移”。如：
①I did not see my mother again until last year.
→ It was not until last year that I saw my mother again.
②He did not feel happy until he saw her.
→ It was not until he saw her that he felt happy.
③I did not have an opportunity of seeing them again for several years.
→ It was not for several years that I had an opportunity of seeing them again.
④I did not do it for myself.
→ It was not for myself that I did it.
6、强调句和限制性定语从句的区别
⑴ 强调句有一条所谓的“黄金法则”，即：在强调句型中，任何情况下使用It和 that都不会错。但是需要注意的是，使用了it和that的句子并不一定都是强调句。
⑵ 强调句中的that是个虚词，在句中不充当任何成分，也没有实在意义，只是起着标志性的结构作用，当“被强调的成分”是时间状语、地点状语、直接宾语或间接宾语时，有时可以省略。
定语从句中的that是关系代词或关系副词，作用有三：一是引导定语从句，二是指代先行词，表示人或物，三是代替先行词在从句中充当主语、宾语或状语等成分。充当宾语时常常可以省略。
⑶ 强调句的谓语动词一般只能是现在时或过去时的单数形式is和was，偶尔根据需要可采取复杂的形式。如：
It must have been his father that you saw just now.
It might be his father that you’re thinking of.
但定语从句的谓语动词则有时态、语态、语气等各种形式的变化。
⑷ 强调句的“判别方法”——强调句如果去掉了It is/was … that …还可以还原为一个正常语序的陈述句，而且保持句子的结构完整，意义不变。而定语从句去掉关系代词或关系副词后，则通常需要还原成为两个简单句。试比较：
It is the tool that is most needed.（强调句）
→The tool is most needed.
This is the tool that is most needed.（定语从句）
→This is the tool. The tool is most needed.
二、关于准强调句
1、准强调句的构成：
What 引导的主语从句 + is/was + 被强调的成分
正常语序的陈述句：I need a good holiday.
改变语序后的准强调句：上面这个句子可以有两种说法：
①What I need is a good holiday.（作主语）
②A good holiday is what I need. （作表语）
2、准强调句中的“被强调成分”：
⑴ 准强调句通常只能强调主语或宾语，而不能强调其它成分。如：
My left leg hurts. → What hurts is my left leg.（强调主语）
I like her style.→ What I like is her style.（强调宾语）
⑵ Who/Whom不能用于准强调句，来强调表示人的主语或宾语。如：
My uncle telephoned. (√)
Who telephoned was my uncle. (×)
3、准强调句的三种基本句式：
⑴ 强调某人进行的动作时，可用“What+主语+动词did + is/was+(to) do sth.”句型。如：
①I wrote to George immediately.
→What I did was to write to George immediately.
②You have to choose one company to invest in.
→What you have to do is to choose one company to invest in.
③He got his wife followed by a private detective.
→What he did was get his wife followed by a private detective.
【注意】可以用all (that)代替what，强调只做了一件事而没有做其它的事。如：
Al l (that) he did was shake hands and wish me good luck.
Al l (that) she ever does is make jam.
⑵ 强调谈论的事物或主题时，what-从句既可放在系动词be之前，也可置于其后。如：
What impressed me most was its originality.
Its originality was what impressed me most.
⑶ 强调某人想要、需要或喜欢的东西时，通常用“What+主语+动词want/need,etc.+ is/was + sth.”句型。可以用于这个句型的动词，常见的有：want, need, hate, love, adore, like, dislike, enjoy, prefer等。如：
①We need a big garden.
→What we need is a big garden.
②We prefer not words but deeds.
→What we prefer is not words but deeds.
【注意】① 可以用all (that)代替what，强调某人只想要或只需要某物。如：
All (that) I want is a holiday.
All (that) a prisoner needed was a pass.
② 如果不强调动作的发出者，可以在what 或all that后面用动词的被动形式。如：
What was needed was a good organization.
All that was needed was a good organization.
三、历年高考真题
请选择最佳答案：
1. Was it during the Second World War__________he died? (MET1988)
A. thatB. whileC. in whichD. then
2. All__________is needed is a supply of oil. (MET1989)
A. the thingB. thatC. whatD. which
3. It was not__________she took off her glasses__________I realized she was a famous film star.
A. when; thatB. until; thatC. until; whenD. when; then (NMET92)
4. It was not until 1920__________regular radio broadcasts began. (NMET1995)
A. whileB. whichC. thatD. since
5. It was about 600 years ago__________the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.
A. that B. untilC. beforeD. when (NMET1997)
6. Was__________that I saw last night at the concert? (1997上海)
A. it youB. not youC. youD. that yourself
7. It was only when I reread his poems recently _____ I began to appreciate their beauty.
A. untilB. that C. then D. so (NMET1998)
8.__________was in 1979__________I graduated from the university. (1998上海)
A. That; thatB. It; thatC. That; whenD. It; when
9. I feel it is your husband who__________for the spoiled child. (2002上海)
A. is to blameB. is going to blameC. is to be blamedD. should blame
10. Wasn’t it Dr Wang who spoke to you just now? (1996上海)
A. I didn’t know he was.B. Yes, it was.
C. No, he wasn’t.D. Yes, he did.
11. It was not until she got home _______ Jennifer realized she had lost her keys. (2006 全国)
A. whenB. that C. whereD. before
12. David said that it was because of his strong interest in literature ___ he chose the course.
A. that B. what C. why D. how (2006 上海)
13. When asked _____ they needed most, the kids said they wanted to feel important and loved.
A. what B. whyC. whom D. which （2008 湖南）
14. It was in New Zealand ________ Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith. (2008 全国二)
A. how B. that C. which D. when
15. It was not until midnight ________ they reached the camp site. (2008 重庆)
A. asB. whenC. whileD. that
九年级历史总复习的讲与练 篇7
一、讲什么
初中历史共六本书，历史课程事件多，线索繁，复习时，应引导学生把握重点，理清线索，教师要在“讲”与“练”上求得突破。
1、讲概念
对历史概念挖掘要深，概括要全面。如八年级历史中“红军不怕远征难”这一概念，可以设计以下问题去理解和讲解：①长征的含义是什么？②怎样形成的？③说明了什么？
九年级历史课的“凡尔赛—华盛顿体系”可以这样去设计：①“体系”的含义是什么？②在什么条件下建立，实质是什么？③为什么说这一体系解体是必然的？
2、讲联系
任何历史事件都不是孤立存在的。它在历史的大背景中有必然性，也有偶然性，但内部必然存在着联系。例如：讲《英国资产阶级革命》，必然会联系到文艺复兴、新航路的开辟等，最后发展为工业革命和马克思主义的诞生，从中总结出任何一个历史事件都不是孤立存在的。
3、讲特征
对某一时期历史发展的线索的勾勒和本质特征的概括，是搞好复习关键之处，应以简洁的语言勾勒出基本的框架和特征，引导学生结合史实去理解、记忆。
例：中国近代史特征
①半殖民地半封建社会的开始（史实，鸦片战争，《南京条约》）
②半殖民地半封建社会的加深（史实，第二次鸦片战争、中日甲午战争，《马关条约》）
③半殖民地半封建社会的完全形成（史实，八国联军侵华战争，《辛丑条约》）
通过教师讲解，让学生用史实概括特征。
二、怎样练
1、精选试题高效练
中考备考时间短，复习内容多，所以练要有数，量要适中，练习密度和强度过大，会导致学生心理烦恼、自信心下降，不能让学生成天处于题海之中。
2、总结方法，突破练
对选择题，材料问答题分类研究，指导练习。选择题，重点培养审题意识，采用排除法，时间顺序法等方法，正确答题；对材料问答题，重点培养从客观上概括归纳知识的能力，力求答准答全，格式规范；对开放性试题，要联系史实，结合现在，符合历史发展，有创新的思想。
三、讲与练在复习中，应注意的问题
1、坚持独立思考的原则
教师引导学生在学习过程中，对概念和结论多问几个“为什么”，培养学生独立思考和创新的能力。
2、注意多项联系，激发学习兴趣
横向联系，即将同一时期的中国历史与世界历史相联系。
如明清时期的中国政治、经济、思想、外交、等政策与欧洲相比，就可以认识到中国落伍的原因。
日本的明治维新和中国的戊戌变法相联系，进一步认识中国半殖民地半封建社会形成的根源。
纵向联系，即将同一事物的不同阶段相比较寻找异同，加深理解记忆。
如讲中国近代史化过程：抗战派、洋务派、维新派、革命派、新文化运动，可清晰地看出中国近代史是由器物到制度到思想，层层深入的过程，也就是：表面—深层—理性的过程。
3、乡土历史和热点相联系
熟悉本省的历史，熟悉现实生活中热点问题。在复习中要善于从新角度解读历史现象，获得新知识。如“藏独”问题与唐时民族交往（文成公主入藏，长安）；台湾问题与大陆解放历史形成问题，涉及国共两次合作；和谐社会与孔子的思想、文景之治、贞观之治等。