被动语态与中考

被动语态与中考（通用5篇）

被动语态与中考 篇1

被动语态是初中英语重点语法项目之一, 也是中考考查热点。为了使同学们更好地掌握和使用被动语态, 现将全国近几年中考英语对被动语态的考查热点归纳如下:

一、考查不同时态被动语态的构成

不同时态被动语态的谓语结构是不同的, 需要单独记忆。不同时态被动语态可以通过不同的

时间状语来判断。除了肯定句之外, 还要注意否定句和一般疑问句结构。

[中考链接]

1.Mariaat 6:30 every morning by her mother to get ready for school.

A.was woken up B.woke up C.wakes up D.is woken up

(2008年湖北恩施)

2.What beautiful flowers in the garden.Yeah!Theyhere last year.

A.planted B.were planted C.are planted D.will be planted

(2006年浙江宁波)

3.It is reported that the Underground Line No.3_______in our city in 2010.

A.will build B.has built C.will be built D.has been built

(2008年江苏南京)

4.这些照片是去年在北京拍的____________。. (2005年江苏苏州)

5.Didn’t they tell you about it? (改为被动语态)

_________you about it? (2008年山东烟台)

解析:1.从句中的介词by加动作的执行者可以看出谓语动词要用被动语态, 又因为at 6:30 every morning是一般现在时态的时间状语, 因此选D项。2.从时间状语last year可以看出谓语是一般过去时态, 因此排除C、D两项;又因为动作的承受者they是代替前一句中的beautiful flowers, 所以选B项。3.因为动作的执行者the Underground Line No.3是句子的主语, 谓语动词要用被动语态;又因为in 2010是一般将来时态的时间状语, 所以选C项。4.因为动作的执行者没有必要说出来, 表示过去, 所以要用一般过去时态的被动语态来翻译, 因此答案是:These photos were taken in Beijing last year。5.因为改写后的句子是否定疑问句被动结构, 主语是you, 所以答案是:Weren’t, told。

二、考查情态动词的被动语态

情态动词被动语态的构成是:情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词。常考的情态动词有:can, could, may, must, should等。

[中考链接]

1.The guide said that much attention must_________these details.

(2007年江苏无锡)

A.payB.be paidC.pay toD.be paid to

2.This kind of foodcool, clean, and dry according to the instructions

(2006年天津)

A.should be carried B.must be put C.should be placed D.must be kept

3.Nobody can answer the questions. (改为被动语态)

The questions________answered by anybody. (2008年山东烟台)

解析:1.因为attention是动作pay的承受者, 常见的搭配形式是pay (much more) attention to;又因为是情态动词must的被动语态, 所以选D项。2.根据句中形容词cool, clean, and dry作宾语补足语可知答案是D。因为A项的意思是“把这种食物运到某地”;B项的意思是“把这种食物放在某地”;C项的意思是“把这种食物安放在某地”, 这三项都不符合题意, 因此排除。译文:根据说明, 这种食物必须保持凉爽、干净和干燥。3.因为改写后的句子中介词后面的不定代词表示肯定, 所以谓语部分应该用否定形式, 因此答案是:can’t be。

三、考查短语动词的被动语态

短语动词相当于及物动词, 改为被动语态时, 短语动词不能分开使用。例如:

1.We put on an English play in the school hall.

→An English play was put on in the school hall.

2.They take good care of the children in this school.

→The children are taken good care of in this school.

[中考链接]

1.Last weekend an English short play was__________in the school hall.

(2004年江苏南京)

A.put in B.put down C.put on D.put up

2.Our sports meeting has been__________till next Monday because of the bad weather.

(2006年福建莆田)

A.put on B.put up C.put off D.put down

解析:1.因为an English short play是动作的承受者, 谓语动词只能用put on;又因为动词put的过去分词与原形相同, 所以选C项。2.所给选项都是短语动词, put on意思是“穿上、上演”, put up意思是“举起、建立”, put off意思是“延期”, put down意思是“放下、阻止”, 根据句意可知答案是C项。

四、考查双宾语的被动语态

把带双宾语的主动句改为被动语态时, 通常保留一个宾语。当用指物的宾语作被动语态的主语时, 通常在指人的宾语前加介词to。常见的动词有:give, buy等。

[中考链接]

Was another injection given to you by the doctor yesterday? (改为主动语态)

_________the doctoranother injection yesterday? (2003年新疆)

解析:一般过去时态的一般疑问句被动语态, 改为主动句时, 助动词要用did, 直接宾语you应该放在动词give的后面, 所以答案是:Did, give, you。

五、考查宾语补足语的被动语态

把含宾语补足语的句子改为被动语态时, 宾语改为被动语态的主语, 宾语补足语作为主语补足语, 原来的位置不变。不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语改为被动语态时, 不定式必须加上to。常见的及物动词有:see, watch, make, hear等。例如:

1.People keep food and vegetables cold in the fridge.

→Food and vegetables are kept cold in the fridge.

2.I saw him walk in the street.→He was seen to walk in the street by me.

[中考链接]

1.The girls were askedgo out at night. (2005年湖北武汉)

A.to not B.not C.not to

2.Mary was heardjust now.What happened?John was telling a joke.

A.cry B.to cry C.laugh D.to laugh (2008年江苏南通)

3.I saw him go into the house a moment ago. (改为被动语态)

__________

(2006年江苏宿迁)

解析:1.所给选项都是否定形式, 又因为是被动语态, 不定式做宾语补足语时必须加上to, 所以选C项。2.不定式做宾语补足语的被动语态, 不定式必须加上to;又因为讲的是笑话, 所以是“笑”, 而不是“哭”, 因此选D项。3.句型“see sb do sth”是不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语, 改为被动语态时, 必须加上to, 因此答案是:He was seen to go into the house a moment ago.

中考英语被动语态考查热点透视 篇2

[热点一] 考查被动语态的时态

在中考英语中,对谓语动词被动语态的各种时态考查主要集中在一般现在时､一般过去时､一般将来时､现在完成时和过去完成时｡

一､ 一般现在时被动语态的构成及用法

一般现在时的被动语态由“am/is/are + 及物动词的过去分词”构成,表示现在经常性或习惯性的被动动作,句中常含有today, every day, often等表示现在的时间状语｡例如:

1. —How clean and tidy your bedroom is!

—Thank you. It ________ every day.

A. cleansB. is cleaned

C. was cleanedD. is cleaning(2006年绍兴市)

2. Most of rice in China________in the south.

A. are grownB. is grown

C. growD. grows(2005年贵阳市)

3. —Will you come to the dinner party?

—I won’t come unless Jenny________ .

A. will be invitedB. can be invited

C. invitedD. is invited(2004年安徽省)

4. —I want to know when________have a field trip.

—We’ll have it when all the work________ .

A. you are; will finishB. you will; finishes

C. you will; is finishedD. you will; is finish(2005年辽宁省)

5. Today computers________in both cities and towns.

A. were usingB. are used

C. were usedD. are using(2005年陕西省)

6. —Mum, may I go out to play football this afternoon?

—Yes， you can if your homework________ .

A. is doneB. will do

C. has doneD. will be done(2005年漳州市)

二､ 一般过去时被动语态的构成及用法

一般过去时的被动语态由“was/were + 及物动词的过去分词”构成,表示在过去时间发生的被动动作,句中常含有yesterday, last year, ten years ago等表示过去的时间状语｡例如:

1. The doctor looked over Peter carefully after he________to the hospital.

A. takesB. is taken

C. tookD. was taken(2005年北京市)

2. Oh, this is really a big shop. Do you know when it________ ?

A. builtB. was built

C. has builtD. has been built(2005年河北省)

3. —Who is the little boy in the picture?

—It’s me. The picture________ 10 years ago.

A. tookB. is taken

C. has takenD. was taken(2005年山东省课改卷)

4. —Susan, why are you still here? They are all ready to start.

—I’m sorry, but I________when to meet.

A. don’t tellB. didn’t tell

C. haven’t toldD. wasn’t told(2005年江西省)

5. The recorder________yesterday. It works OK now.

A. repairedB. was repaired

C. has repairedD. will be repaired(2005年南通市课改卷)

6. —Did Jack come to our party yesterday?

—No, he________ .

A. wasn’t invitedB. didn’t invite

C. isn’t invitedD. hasn’t invited(2005年宁波市课改卷)

7. —These bananas look different and they are sweet.

—Right. They________here from Taiwanyesterday.

A. was broughtB. were brought

C. bringD. are brought(2005年福州市)

三､ 一般将来时被动语态的构成及用法

一般将来时的被动语态由“shall/will + be + 及物动词的过去分词”构成,表示将来某一时间将要发生的被动动作,句中常含有tomorrow, next week, in a few years’ time等表示将来的时间状语｡例如:

1. A new bridge will________ across the river.

A. be buildingB. be built

C. buildD. builds(2005年武汉市)

2. —I know Mr White is very angry with me. What does he say?

—He says you________away if you’re late again.

A. are sendingB. has been sent

C. are going to sendD. will be sent(2005年厦门市课改卷)

3. —But where are the books?

—Don’t worry. They________ here in no time.

A. have sentB. will be sent

C. are sendingD. have been sent(2005年武汉市课改卷)

4. I believe that those mountains________with trees in a few years’ time.

A. are coveredB. will be covered

C. are coveringD. will cover(2004年沈阳市)

5. Many old houses around our school________next year and a large green area will appear.

A. pull downB. will be pulled down

C. will pull downD. are pulled down(2005年上海市)

四､ 现在完成时被动语态的构成及用法

现在完成时的被动语态由“have/has + been + 及物动词的过去分词”构成,表示到目前为止已经完成的某个被动动作,句中常含有 already, up to now， “since + 时间点”等时态标志｡例如:

1. Look, Jack. Your bag________ .

A. will findB. has been found

C. had found(2002年武汉市)

2. Many more houses________for teachers since last year.

A. are buildingB. built

C. have builtD. have been built(2000年广州市)

五､ 过去完成时被动语态的构成及用法

过去完成时的被动语态由“had + been + 及物动词的过去分词”构成,表示某个被动动作发生在“过去的过去”｡例如:

After the party, some of the students picked up all the rubbish that________on the floor of the hall.

A. has been droppedB. has been fallen

C. had been droppedD. had been fallen(2005年呼和浩特市)

[热点二] 考查含有情态动词的谓语动词的被动语态的构成及用法

含有情态动词的句子在变为被动句时,其结构为“情态动词(can, may, must, should 等) + be + 及物动词的过去分词”,常常用来表示具有某种特定感情色彩的被动动作｡例如:

1. Because of the dry weather, lots of water________to water the crops.

A. must carryB. mustn’t carry

C. must be carriedD. be carried(2005年昆明市)

2. —The pollution problem here seems to get more and more serious.

—Yes. Something________withit.

A. has doneB. must be done

C. is doingD. was done(2005年河南省)

3. I think high school students should________pocket money.

A. be givingB. have given

C. giveD. be given(2005年杭州市)

4. The flowers________every day, or they’ll die.

A. must waterB. can be watered

C. should waterD. must be watered(2005年天津市)

5. Today the forests have almost gone. People must________down too many trees.

A. stop from cuttingB. stop to cut

C. be stopped from cuttingD. be stopped to cut(2005年沈阳市)

[热点三] 考查短语动词的被动语态

有些由“动词 + 介词”或“动词 + 副词”或“动词+名词+介词”构成的短语动词,如look after, talk about, laugh at, listen to, take care of, pay attention to等,在意义上相当于一个及物动词,变为被动语态时,要将整个短语动词视为一个整体,后面的介词或副词不能漏掉｡例如:

1. The baby________by his grandparents from Monday to Friday.

A. was taken careB. was taken care of

C. was looked at(2005年重庆市)

2. A neighbour helped to keep our dog. It________while we were on holiday.

A. was taken careB. took care of

中考英语被动语态复习归纳 篇3

被动语态的构成:被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。

1.一般现在时的被动语态的谓语结构:is/are+及物动词过去分词;

2.一般过去时的被动语态的构成:was/were+及物动词的过去分词;

3.含有情态动词的被动语态的构成 (情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词。

例如:We speak English. (主动语态, 句子的主语we是动作speak的执行者。)

→Englishis spokenby many Chinese. (被动语态, 句子的主语English是动作speak的承受者) The classroomwas cleanedby Lilei yesterday afternoon. (被动语态, 句子的主语The classroom是动作clean的承受者)

Many treesshould be plantedin the mountains. (被动语态, 句子的主语Many trees是动作plant的承受者)

Children under 18should be not allowedto watch this show without their parents. (被动语态, 句子的主语Children under 18是动作allow的承受者)

This problemcan’t be workedout very easily. (被动语态, 句子的主语This problem是动作worked out的承受者)

一、主动语态变为被动语态的步骤:

1.将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语, 首字母必须大写。

2.主动语态的谓语改为相应时态的被动语态的谓语 (即:be+及物动词的过去分词, 事态体现在be动词上) 。

3.如果要引出动作的执行者用:by+主动语态的主语, 如果是人称代词的主格变成宾格) , 第三步常可以省略。

例如:This shop uses the best materials to make dresses. (主动语态)

→The best materials are used by this shop to make dresses. (被动语态)

备注: (1) 将主动语态的谓语动词为use, 改为对应时态的被动语态的谓语:are used。 (2) 将主动主动语态的宾语是the best materials改为被动语态的主语。 (3) 如果要引出动作的执行者, 用by+this shop。

二、主动语态变为被动语态时要注意以下几种情况:

1.有些短语动词相当于及物动词, 变为被动结构时介词或副词不能去掉。

例如.:They put off the meeting because of the heavy rain.→The meeting was put off because of the the heavy rain.

2.含有双宾语的主动句变为被动句时, 通常把指“人”的间接宾语变为主语, 指“物”的直接宾语保留不变;如果把指“物”的直接宾语变为主语, 则在间接宾语前加to或for。

例如:My aunt gave me an e-dictionary yesterday.

→I was given an e-dictionary yesterday.

→An e-dictionary was given to me yesterday.

3.主动句中感官动词see/hear/watch/feel等和使役动词make/let/have等后跟省略to的动词不定式, 变为被动语态时应加上不定式符号to。

例如:I saw a heavy man enter the house.→A heavy man was seen to enter the house.

4.系动词、不及物动词或某些短语动词 (happen, take place, come true, fall asleep…) 没有被动语态。

例如:What happened to Mr.Brown?布朗先生发生了什么事?

5.含复合宾语 (宾语+宾语补足语) 的主动结构变被动结构时, 通常把主动结构中的宾语改为被动结构中的主语, 而宾语补足语保留在谓语动词后面成为主语补足语。

例如:主动结构:I found him lying on the floor.

被动结构:He was found lying on the floor by me.

三、实战演练

(一) 将下列句子改为被动语态。

1.Travelers visit the Great Wall every year.

____________

2.We learn Chinese at school.

_____________

3.She washes clothes on weekends.

____________________________________________

4.Mr.Green wrote two books last year.

____________________________________________

5.She saw them come into the room.__________________________________

__________________________

6.Mary bought him some flowers.

____________________________________________

7.We should plant more trees this year.

____________________________________________

8.She might bring some food here.

___________________________

9.They mustn’t wear jeans in P.E.Class.

____________________________________________

Keys:

1.The Great Wall is visited by travelers every year.

2.Chinese is learned by us at school.

3.Clothes are washed by her on weekends.

4.Two books were written by Mr.Green last year.

5.They were seen to come into the room by her.

6.Some flowers were bought for him by Mary.

7.More trees should be planted by us this year.

8.Some food might be brought here by her.

9.Jeans mustn’t be worn in P.E.class by them.

(二) 单项选择

() 1.Many accidents______by careless drivers last year. (北京)

A.are caused B.were caused C.have caused D.will cause

() 2.Driving after drinking wine______in China. (陕西)

A.allows B.doesn’t allow C.is allowed D.isn’t allowed

() 3.The Spring Festival______in January of February. (河北)

A.celebrates B.is celebrated C.celebrated D.was celebrated

() 4.Many trees and flowers______in our city every year. (广西桂林)

A.planted B.are planted C.were planted D.plants

() 5.—Did you go to Jim’s birthday party?—No, I______. (内蒙古呼和浩特)

A.haven’t invited B.didn’t invite

C.am not invited D.wasn’t invited

() 6.English______more and more widely today.So we must learn it well. (四川广元)

A.uses B.used C.is used

() 7.He likes reading very much.Most of his money______on books. (贵州毕节)

A.is spent B.spend C.spends D.are spent

Keys:

被动语态与中考 篇4

一、 以学生为主，开展师生互动下的合作学习

教学是师生双方互动的过程，以学生为主，既能调动学生独立学习的主动性和积极性，也能促进师生之间和生生之间的合作与互动，营造积极向上的教学氛围，激活学生的思维空间，优化教学效果。教师在学生的合作学习中，起指导作用，对学生在学习中的问题，进行指导和解答，学生基于教师的指导，在课堂上和课后进行探究性学习。

例如，学生在主动语态与被动语态互换时，教师可以给出下面的句子进行训练。

You should not blame me. → I should not be blamed by you.

They clean the classroom every day. → The classroom is cleaned every day.

Many people speak English all over the world. → English is spoken all over the world.

对于初学的学生而言，把主动语态转换成被动语态有一定的难度，但是，因为这几句话非常贴近生活，学生在合作中能够加深对被动语态的理解，掌握两者转换的方法，老师只要简洁地点拨一下，学生就能很好地掌握被动语态了。

在以学生为主的英语教学中，教师由传统的知识权威转变为学习过程的指导者，这解放了学生的思维，消除了学生的心理障碍，尤其是消除了学生怕英语、厌英语的心理，使得合作学习顺利开展。合作学习还有助于学生疑问的有效解答，在小组内培养“小老师”，发展质疑与答疑的能力。

二、 兴趣相同，优势互补，分组开展合作学习

合作学习的前提是学生主体地位的体现，教学是开放的，是以探究性为主的。分组是把教师“一言堂”式教学中个别的探究机会划分到许多小组中，让更多的学生有机会主动探究、主动学习。可见合理分组是合作学习有效开展的基础。

俗话说“道不同不相为谋”，兴趣相差悬殊，是合作不起来的。对于合作学习，兴趣相同是重要的分组原则。但在实际教学中，学生个性千姿百态，而且具有很强的可塑性，所以分组时对兴趣的要求可以不必太拘泥，有时只要努力、上进、刻苦就行。因为兴趣是可以培养的，合作学习的小组是班级的缩微版，每个学习小组中应该既有优秀生又有后进生，他们在合作学习中应有不同的分工。

学习是为了进步，没有进步的学习是无效劳动。小组内“小老师”的教，“小学生”的学，对彼此都是一个促进，正所谓“教学相长”！为了进步的最大化，小组成员应该优势互补。而实际上学生各有自己的优点，也各有个人的不足。合作学习过程中，优差生应该合理搭配，而不能相对集中，这样便于学习活动更全面、深入地展开。

教师基于学生的情况，诸如兴趣爱好、学习基础、个性特点，遵循优势互补的原则，对学生进行有效的分组。然后，教师应指导各组成员设定小组的组长和制订组规，以确保合作学习的顺利进行。教师在教学活动中，以小组为中心，进行教学内容和教学活动的组织，以实现教学的全面性和针对性。

例如，教师在教学活动中，例举如下语句：

He opened the door. The door was opened.

We can repair this watch in two days. This watch can be repaired in two days.

基于两组语句的比较，让学生分组合作学习，自主判断哪句是被动语句，并且交流、总结被动语态的特点。在这种自主性的合作学习中，更有助于学生独立学习能力的培养，学生的思考空间得到释放。

三、 情境创设，提升合作学习效果

合作学习以学生为主，但不是没有教学的目标和任务。作为教学组织者的教师，就是组织引导学生如何在合作中较好地完成教学目标和任务，在完成教学目标和任务的过程中培养学生的能力，使学生获取知识。问题情境的创设就像语文的话题作文，它提供了思维的由头和触发点，能够带给学生目标感、任务感，既不会让学生的思维天马行空，又不会压制学生的主动性和兴趣，能很好地提升合作学习的效果。

教学情境的创设是基于探究性的合作学习的需要，营造良好的氛围，激发学生的兴趣和求知欲，引导学生学习，以发挥小组学习的优势，便于学生自觉、主动地进行小组学习。

例如，教师在教学活动中，可以基于例句对被动语态的各元素进行巩固，比如对于People plant trees in spring. 这个句子，教师可以发动各小组学生，分别找出语句中动作的承受者和执行者，看哪个小组找得又快又准，进行一定的精神或物质上的奖励，以激发更多学生的自主参与性。这种活动情境的创设，可以进一步提高学习效率，促进学生的个性发展。

初中英语在课程要求上注重学生综合能力的培养，尤其是英语基础素养的培养。就被动语态的教学来讲，合作学习在一定程度上简化了教学步骤，放大了教学效果，化难为易，让学生在小组合作中较好地掌握和吸收所学知识，同时也有利于学生自主学习能力的培养。

被动语态专练 篇5

A. takesB. is taken

C. tookD. was taken(2005年北京市)

2. This kind of desk_____ofwood.

A. is mendingB. made

C. is made(2005年长沙市)

3. —How clean and tidy your classroom is!

—Thank you. It_____every day.

A. is cleanedB. was cleaned

C. was cleaningD. is cleaning(2005年吉林省)

4. Today computers_____in both cities and towns.

A. were usingB. are used

C. were usedD. are using(2005年陕西省)

5. Oh, this is really a big shop. Do you know when it_____ ?

A. builtB. was built

C. has builtD. has been built(2005年河北省)

6. —Dad, please open the door. It_____ .

—OK, I am coming.

A. will lockB. locked

C. is lockedD. was locked(2005年安徽省)

7. —Did Jack come to our party yesterday?

—No, he_____ .

A. wasn’t invitedB. didn’t invite

C. isn’t invitedD. hasn’t invited(2005年浙江省)

8. —Mum, may I go out to play football this afternoon ?

—You can if your homework_____ .

A. is doneB. will do

C. has doneD. will be done(2005年福建省)

9. The 2004 China F1 car race_____in Shanghai.

A. is heldB. was held

C. has heldD. will be held(2005年长春市)

10. A new bridge will_____across the river.

A. be buildingB. be built

C. built(2005年武汉市)

11. The baby_____by his grandparents from Monday to Friday.

A. was taken careB. was taken care of

C. was looked at(2005年重庆市)

12. —The pollution problem here seems to get more and more serious.

—Yes, something_____ .

A. has doneB. must be done

C. is doingD. was done(2005年河南省)

13. —You should tell Tom that he_____to work for the TWENTY-FIRST UNIVERSITY.

—I think so. I will tell him on his birthday.

A. choosesB. has chosen

C. choseD. is chosen(2005年黃冈市)

14. —These bananas look different and they are sweet.

—Right. They_____here from Taiwan yesterday.

A. was broughtB. were brought

C. bringD. are brought(2005年福州市)

15. Salt is very important in our daily life. It_____in East and South China.

A. producesB. is produced

C. be producedD. is producing(2005年海南省)

16. —Is the environment good around your city ?

—Yes.Many trees_____here every year.

A. are plantedB. plant

C. are cut down(2005年太原市)

17. English_____in many countries.

A. speakB. speaks

C. spokeD. is spoken(2005年桂林市)

18. I think high school students should_____pocket money.

A. be givingB. have given

C. giveD. be given(2005年杭州市)

19. —What do you think of the basketball match last night?

—Well, I was surprised that the strongest team_____ .

A. wonB. was lost

C. was successfulD. was beaten(2005年云南省)

20. People have realized how important the environment is, but still trees_____in the world every year.

A. were cut downB. cut down

C. are cut downD. will be cut down(2005年云南省)

21. Safety glasses_____for protecting your eyes.

A. usesB. used

C. have usedD. are used(2005年青海省)